Spectator by Rongzhu Juliet Gu

SPECTATOR

Concept Manifesto

an Architecture of Class-based Split

Keywords

Seperation Interaction Low Carbon Classes

Upper Class Middle Class Lower Class

Concept an Era of Globalization

Pingdi - ShenZhen

Pingdi

Concept an Era of Social Polarization

GDP per Capita High

Low

Source: IMF 2015

Wealth pyramid Upper Class 41%

Upper Class 1%

Middle Class 30% Middle Class 56%

Lower Class 69%

Lower Class 3%

Source: James Davis, Rodrigo Lluberas and Anthony Shorroks, Credit Suiss Global Wealth Databook 2012

Concept “Scientific and technological advances – from new vaccines and hardier crops to much cheaper smartphones and tablets – are among the greatest drivers of poverty reduction”. --Bill Gates

Lower Class

Middle Class

Upper Class

1800’s

1900’s

2000’s

Concept

Educational resources

Health service

Sport

Concept CO2 per sqÂˇm CO2 per capita Cost

Lighting

Housing

Green space

Concept CO2 per sqÂˇm CO2 per capita Cost

Travel mode

Low Carbon Strategy

Leisure

Concept

Future

Pingdi

? ? ?

Site

- The Classes in Pingdi

Poplulation

=100 citizens

Density FAR 2.5

FAR 1.0 FAR 0.5

Site

Upper Class

Middle Class

Lower Class

Site

- The Classes in Pingdi Upper Class Poplulation

Programs

Density FAR 0.5

Road Network Arterial street Sideway

Building height (floors) 6F-18F 2F-3F

250M

Bus Stops

Greenspace 150M

Site

- The Classes in Pingdi Middle Class Poplulation

Programs

Density FAR 1.0

Road Network Arterial street Collector street Sideway

Building height (floors) 6F-11F 1F-2F

Bus Stops 250M

Greenspace

Metro

Site

- The Classes in Pingdi Lower Class Poplulation

Programs

Density FAR 2.5

Road Network Arterial street Sideway

Building height (floors) 1F-6F

150M

Bus Stops

Greenspace

250M

Site

- Location Ping Di

Site

- Location Nature

Site

- Location

Main Roads

Site

- Location Surroundings

Site

- STEEP Analysis for Pingdi

Critical Uncertainties  Fixed assets investment on turning point  Foreign export on turning point  Collapse of housing market

 The escalation of property-purchasing limitations  The escalation of constrain on non-local cars  Breakthrough in AI or quantum computing technology

Social          

Continuously Growing population (may Doubled in the future) Severely Aging population structure Growing proportion of registered population Steadily Balancing of gender ratio (still will not balanced in 2030, Male:Female=130:100) Growing patient numbers Declining traffic deaths Growing recognition about Environmental Protection Inevitable Social Class Solidification (If technological revolution does not happen) Widening wealth disparity between those at the very top and bottom Increasingof housing area per family

Technological

 Integration of Business and Residences Space (People are tending to work at home, especially for the staff in technological entrepreneurship like Microsoft) because of internet development.  Steadily Development of Driver Assistance or even Driverless technology  Growing numbers of personal electronic devices  Popularizing Paperless work environment  Abandoning of landline telephone  Popularizing of Wireless Lan access and Mobile Office

Ecological

 Growing patients/death of environmental (air, water, and food pollution) related disease (like tumor)  Declining of the area of green land and water  Aggravating Air/Water/Soil Pollution

Site

- STEEP Analysis for Pingdi

Economic

 Recession of First/Secondary Industry (Compared with the flourishing Tertiary industry)  Recession of construction Industry  Recession of Manufacturing Industry (Especially for labor-intensive industry. Leading to industrial transformation)  Growing numbers of enterprises  Increasing proportion of small enterprises  Growing cases of bankrupting  Growing industrial output  Declining agriculture output  Soring house and rent price  Growing daily good consumption per person  Growing numbers of individual businesses  Growing consumption of electricity per person, Declining water consumption per person

Political                  

Encouragement on Entrepreneurship Promotion of import and export trade Encouragement on Upgrading and Transforming Industry Type (into high tech) Encouragement on Mass innovation Promotion of “maker culture” Encouragement on Technological Innovation Encouragement on Raising competitive power of enterprises Fostering large , powerful , and competitive enterprises Small enterprises Supporting action Enhancing the priority and privilege of the top talent and highly educated people (Peacock Plan) Pay more attention to intellectual property quality, protection, and utilization Promotion of Low Carbon City Promotion of Sustainable Development Promotion of Logistics Industry Encouragement on Sports Industry Promotion of Nationwide body-building plan New hukou policies make being registered population easier , especially for highly educated people Promotion of Slow Traffic and public transportation (and Rail Transit)

Proposals + Vertical Separation + Horizontal Separation + High Building Coverage

Urban Microclimate

Interlinking Habitats

Iconic

Public Space Value

Open Space Offer

Accessibility

Clear Circulation

Classified Road Network

Investment

Total Score 66

Upper Class

Middle Class

Lower Class

#1/8

Proposals - Vertical Separation + Horizontal Separation + High Building Coverage

Urban Microclimate

Interlinking Habitats

Iconic

Public Space Value

Open Space Offer

Accessibility

Clear Circulation

Classified Road Network

Investment

Total Score 58

Upper Class

Middle Class

Lower Class

#3/8

Proposals + Vertical Separation + Horizontal Separation - High Building Coverage

Urban Microclimate

Interlinking Habitats

Iconic

Public Space Value

Open Space Offer

Accessibility

Clear Circulation

Classified Road Network

Investment

Total Score 55

Upper Class

Middle Class

Lower Class

#4/8

Proposals + Vertical Separation - Horizontal Separation - High Building Coverage

Urban Microclimate

Interlinking Habitats

Iconic

Public Space Value

Open Space Offer

Accessibility

Clear Circulation

Classified Road Network

Investment

Total Score 59

Upper Class

Middle Class

Lower Class

#2/8

Proposals + Vertical Separation - Horizontal Separation + High Building Coverage

Urban Microclimate

Interlinking Habitats

Iconic

Public Space Value

Open Space Offer

Accessibility

Clear Circulation

Classified Road Network

Investment

Total Score 35

Upper Class

Middle Class

Lower Class

#8/8

Proposals - Vertical Separation - Horizontal Separation + High Building Coverage

Urban Microclimate

Interlinking Habitats

Iconic

Public Space Value

Open Space Offer

Accessibility

Clear Circulation

Classified Road Network

Investment

Total Score 36

Upper Class

Middle Class

Lower Class

#7/8

Proposals - Vertical Separation + Horizontal Separation - High Building Coverage

Urban Microclimate

Interlinking Habitats

Iconic

Public Space Value

Open Space Offer

Accessibility

Clear Circulation

Classified Road Network

Investment

Total Score 56

Upper Class

Middle Class

Lower Class

#5/8

Proposals - Vertical Separation - Horizontal Separation - High Building Coverage

Urban Microclimate

Interlinking Habitats

Iconic

Public Space Value

Open Space Offer

Accessibility

Clear Circulation

Classified Road Network

Investment

Total Score 53

Upper Class

Middle Class

Lower Class

#6/8

Scheme Site

AREA = 41223m2 FAR ≤ 5.4

AREA = 50125m2 FAR ≤ 4.8

Limitation

Height Limit = 100 m

Setb

ack

Se 12m

c ba

Scheme Axes

9m x 9m Grid

Main roads -

Upper Class

West to the highway and Low-Carbon City, South to the city center.

Scheme River Landscape

Rive

Open to west for river landscape.

Sun Shade

Reduce the sun shade on the residence to the north and on the site itself.

Scheme Pay back -

Middle Class

Cutted mass becomes an lower part of terrace.

Lower Class

Rive

From high to low,all the three terrace could have adequate sunlight and viewings.

Scheme North - South

East - West

Rive

Scheme Connection

Social Classes

Upper Class

Middle Class

Lower Class

Scheme Geographic

The Tropic of Cancer

Shenzhen 22Â°N, 114Â°E

The Equator

The Tropic of Capricorn

Vernacular Architecture

Hakka

Scheme Accustom to Local Climate Data by Climate Consulltant 6, UCLA

Temperature Range in Shenzhen 34℃

24℃

Deep Eave

Comfort Zone

20℃

Low-E

AC cooling load 4℃ Jan

Moon lake

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Oct

Nov

Dec

Precipitation in Shenzhen Average relative humidity = 76%

368mm

Cool alley

30mm

Fan

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Avoid Overheat Data by Climate Consulltant 6, UCLA

Sun Shaing Chart Shade needed Shade helps

Sun needed

Date (21th) Sun Altitude angle (Noon)

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

47°

55°

68°

79°

88°

91°

88°

79°

68°

55°

47°

44°

N 75°

(Still Need Sophisticated quantitative Research)

2/3 Summer

Whole Winter

W-E Angle

Scheme Thermal Strategy - Summer

Thermal Strategy - Winter

Scheme Manipulation

Reduce Western exposure

Avoid Glass curtain wall

Scheme Program Distribution Top Floor

Apartment Low

Private

Quiet

High

Panorama

Bright

47080m2 10%

Office

124550m2 27%

Research+ Development

High

Public

Noisy

Low

Blocked

Low Floor

Dark

276120m2 59.8%

Commercial 13800m2 3%

Sun shine

Landscape

Wind speed

Noise

Privacy

Business value

Program

Commercial

Research+ Development

Office

Apartment

THE BRIEF

Scheme Program

ActivityRoom Living Service Parking

Conference

Working Office

Reception

Recreation

Living Parking Service

Working

Conf erence Recreation

LabOffice

Living

Exhibition

Studio Working Fast

food

Chain Restaurant Market

Retailing KTV

Lower Class

Library Cinema

Lab

Recreation

Exhibition

Brand Restaurant Boutiquet Gallery/Museum

Middle Class

Upper Class

Program

Living Service Living

Working

Living

Working

Lab Office Living

Studio

Retailing

Lab

Living

Working Entertain

Living

Working

Lab

Fast food

Service

Recreation

Working

Living

Office Exhibition Lab

Living

Living Studio Working Retailing Entertain

Working Retailing

Boutiquet

Lab

Office

Service Exhibition Entrance

Parking Parking Parking

Electromechanical

Program

- Quantitative Distribution by Classes

Commercial

10%

Apartment

27%

Office

60%

Research+ Development

Commercial

10%

Apartment

27%

Office

60%

Research+ Development

Commercial

25%

Apartment

67%

Office

x1000

6m2/person

3m2/person

1.2m2/person

x100

200m2/person

60m2/person

10m2/person

x100

55m2/person

10m2/person

3m2/person

x100

60m2/person

40m2/person

Upper Class

Middle Class

Lower Class

Program

- Quantitative Distribution by Classes Research + Development

10% 5% 5%

Recreation Reception Conference

10% 5% 5%

Office Maintenance & Technical Customer Service

10%

Exhibition

Recreation Reception Conference

20% 5% 5% 5%

Office Maintenance & Technical Customer Service Exhibition

�� 45%

Lab

60%

Lab

NONE

Serving 15%

Serving 20%

Served 80%

Office

10% 5% 5%

10% 10% 10%

Cafe Rest Room Independent Bathroom

20%

Reception

Served 85%

10% 8% 12% 8% 8% 8% 16%

Rest Room Conference Reception

Cafe Rest Room Conference Reception

�� 50%

Working Area

Serving 30%

Served 70%

Upper Class

60%

Studio

Serving 16%

Served 84%

Middle Class

70%

Cubicle Offices

Serving 10%

Served 90%

Lower Class

Program

- Quantitative Distribution by Classes

Apartment

8% 10% 20% 20%

Parking Lot Service Recreation

50%

Living Space

8% 5% 2%

Parking Lot Service Recreation 85%

Living Space

Bicycle Shed Service

2% 90%

Living Space

�� Serving 15%

Serving 50%

Served 50%

Serving 10%

Served 85%

Served 90%

Commercial

20% 30% 20% 30%

Theater Gallery/Museum Brand Restaurant Supermarket

20% 20% 20% 40%

Cinema Library Chain Restaurant Market

20% 30%

KTV Fast Food

50%

Retail Shop

�� Advanced Necessities 50% 50%

Upper Class

Advanced 50% Necessities 50%

Middle Class

Advanced 50%

Necessities 50%

Lower Class

Program

- Qualitative Distribution by Classes Research + Development

Lab

Per Capita Area(m2/ )

Galleryful

Ventilation Requirements

Number

Lighting Requirements

Fresh Air Requirements

800

500

1.35

Privacy Requirements

Exhibition

20 170

NONE

Recreation 10

170

100

Upper Class

Middle Class

Lower Class

Program

- Qualitative Distribution by Classes Apartment

Per Capita Area(m2/ )

Galleryful

Ventilation Requirements

Number

Lighting Requirements

Fresh Air Requirements

Privacy Requirements

Living Area 200

0.6

1.3

Leisure 10

Service

120

3 120 16 27

Upper Class

Middle Class

Lower Class

Program

- Qualitative Distribution by Classes

Office

Per Capita Area(m2/ )

Galleryful

Ventilation Requirements

Number

Lighting Requirements

Fresh Air Requirements

Privacy Requirements

300

400

200

1.6

Commercial Boutique

Supermarket 10 60

Retail Shop 5

Brand Restaurant

40 8

Upper Class

Fast Food

Chain Restaurant 10

12 16

Middle Class

Lower Class

Program

- Distribution

Lab

Exhibition Customer Service Center Maintenance & Technical Center Office Conference Reception Recreation

Research + Development

59.6%

Office

27.0%

Apartment

10.0%

50%

Commercial

3.0%

Service

0.4%

100%

30%

Research + Development

59.6%

Office

27.0%

Apartment

10.0%

Commercial

3.0%

Service

0.4%

20% Office 67%

Apartment 25%

Commercial

Working Area Reception Independent Bathroom CafĂŠ Rest Room Living Area ActivityRoom Service Parking Lot Supermarket Brand Restaurant Gallery/Museum Theater Facilities Maintenance Parking Lot Utilities/Security/Clean-Keeping

Lab

Exhibition

Customer Service Center Maintenance & Technical Center Office Conference Reception Recreation Studio Reception Conference Rest Room Living Area ActivityRoom Service Parking Lot Market Chain Restaurant Library Cinema Facilities Maintenance Parking Lot Utilities/Security/Clean-Keeping

Cubicle Offices Reception Conference Rest Room Living Area Service Bicycle Shed Retail Shop Fast Food KTV Service

Program

- Role in Interactions

Upper Class

Middle Class

Leader

Member

Served

Lower Class

Serving

Scheme Ground - Class domain

Upper Class

Ground - Class domain

Middle Class

Scheme Ground - Class domain

Lower Class

Ground - Class domain

Upper Class

Middle Class

Lower Class

Scheme Ground - Public

Greens

Vertical transportation

Low energy shape

Expensive

Diversified program

Static class proportion

Internal modular system

Mixed circulation

Semi-outdoor green space

Class conflicts

Regional commercial center Uncertain class in the future Flourishing small business Typhoon, Mudslide and other natural disasters Intact industrial hatcher

Model Urban Microclimate

Interlinking Habitats

Iconic

Public Space Value

Open Space Offer

Accessibility

Clear Circulation

Classified Road Network

Investment

Total Score 66 Urban Microclimate

Interlinking Habitats

Iconic

Public Space Value

Open Space Offer

Accessibility

Clear Circulation

Classified Road Network

Investment

Total Score 58 Urban Microclimate

Interlinking Habitats

Iconic

Public Space Value

Open Space Offer

Accessibility

Clear Circulation

Classified Road Network

Investment

Total Score 55 Urban Microclimate

Interlinking Habitats

Iconic

Public Space Value

Open Space Offer

Accessibility

Clear Circulation

Classified Road Network

Investment

Total Score 59

#1/8

#3/8

#4/8

#2/8

Urban Microclimate

Interlinking Habitats

Iconic

Public Space Value

Open Space Offer

Accessibility

Clear Circulation

Classified Road Network

Investment

Total Score 35 Urban Microclimate

Interlinking Habitats

Iconic

Public Space Value

Open Space Offer

Accessibility

Clear Circulation

Classified Road Network

Investment

Total Score 36 Urban Microclimate

Interlinking Habitats

Iconic

Public Space Value

Open Space Offer

Accessibility

Clear Circulation

Classified Road Network

Investment

Total Score 56 Urban Microclimate

Interlinking Habitats

Iconic

Public Space Value

Open Space Offer

Accessibility

Clear Circulation

Classified Road Network

Investment

Total Score 53

#8/8

#7/8

#5/8

#6/8

Servent

Leader

Member

Served