public personnel management

View with images and charts Issues and Problems of Public Personnel Management in Bangladesh.

01. Introduction Though the present structure of policing in Bangladesh bears much of the British heritage, it has long history which started in the ancient period and ran through the middle age to the British and finally to the present time, having a lot of changes and developments. The basic truth is that police is made to revolve around the principles of imperial power in the sub-continent. There were a lot of changes in police structure but no qualitative changes in the function of police. Therefore, this fact has to be considered while explaining the relationship between police and public in Bangladesh. There had not been any changes of this philosophy during the Pakistan Period.

The British colonial heritage is still very often reflected in the administrative structures, behaviors, laws and regulations of the police forces of Bangladesh. Trace of this inherited colonial heritage is also to be found in the criminal justice systems of our country. The Police Act, 1861 and the revised The Police Act, 1902-1903 are effective till the date. The non-military nature of this Act and the accountability of police to civil administration have not been changed. The history and heritage of Bangladesh Police is marked by the blend of the traits of colonial-imperial rule and the system of internal security of a feudal society. A policeman of an independent country should be a craftsman in uniform who will be a social regulator directed by the laws of the country and a custodian of social discipline. It is the expectations of all that the hopes and inspirations of the population should be reflected in the activities of police.

02. A Brief History of Bangladesh Police Bangladesh Police has an ancient history and heritage. The Policing system in the region can be traced before the period of Emperor Chandra Gupta Maurya (297 B.C.). In the medieval period, the policing system introduced by Pathan ruler Sher Shah Suri, was further organized during the period of Mughal Emperor Akbar, the great. The emperor organized his administrative structure introducing Fouzdari (the principal representative of the Emperor), Mir Adal and Kazi (the head of judicial department) and Kotwal (the chief police official of larger cities).The ‘Kotwali’police system was implemented in Dhaka City. Many district sadar police stations are still called Kotwali police stations.

In the middle of the 18th century, with the fall of Mughal Empire to Britsh colonial rule the old policing system ended. The British Colonial Government then reformed the Police system in this Sub-Continent and consequently in 1861 the British Parliament passed a bill (Police Act, 1861) for creating a Police force for each province of British India and then the Village Chaukidar system was introduced to assist the police department at the grass root level. Administration of the force of a province was vested in an Officer styled as the Inspector General of Police.

Subsequently, with the materialization of the recommendations made by the Police Commissions of 1847, 1902 and 1923 the present structure of the police administration came into being. After partition in 1947 the Police Force created renamed as East Pakistan Police and continued to function as a Provincial Police Force till December, 1971. With the independence on December, 16 th of 1971, the Bangladesh Police Force assumed the role of a National Police Force. Bangladesh Police, besides other minor laws, operate under the umbrella of three major laws namely Penal Code, Criminal Procedure Code and Evidence Act enacted in 1860, 1898 and 1872 respectively.

The most glorious chapter of the history of Bangladesh Police is that Bangla speaking members of our police participated along with the citizens in our Independence War. On the night of 25 th March, when the occupation Army started Military action force with their out-dated 303 rifles put up the first armed resistance at Rararjabagh Police Lines, Dhaka. Large number of Policemen sacrificed their lives in the war of liberation.

In 1972 the number of police was increased by recruiting officers and staff of different ranks. Dhaka Metropolitan Police and Armed Police Battalion were raised in 1976. Twelve women police were recruited in the Special Branch for the first time in 1974. Women police were recruited for Dhaka Metropolitan Police in 1978. The positions of the circle Inspector and the Officer-in-Charge were enhanced to ASP and Inspector respectively. According to the recommendations of the Committee formed in 1988headed by Justice Aminul Islam, the post of Additional IGP was created and the number of different police units like police stations, investigation centers and the numbers of police force were increased. Recently (2004) Rapid Action Battalions (RAB) has been raised comprising the members of Armed Forces, Police, BDR and Ansars. The dresses of police have been changed according to The Dress rules, 2004. With this the century-emblem of police came to an end.

03. Vision of Bangladesh Police To provide service to all citizens and make Bangladesh a better and safer place to live and work.

04. Mission of Bangladesh Police To uphold the rule of law • To ensure safety and security of citizens • To prevent and detect crime • To bring offenders to justice • To maintain peace and public order 05. Objectives of the Study The objectives of Field Study on Bangladesh Police are: • To find out the structural problems of Bangladesh police • To know about the personnel planning and promotion process • To find out the problems in training process • To find out the way through which the police administration can be made effective and service oriented • To define the real role of Police Force to the society 06. Significance in terms of Bangladesh’s needs In a developing country like Bangladesh, every operational organ of government is very important for socio-economic development. Bangladesh needs strong and effective administrative structure and operational process in every government organs for rapid economic progress. But few of government organizations can not make expected contribution in this regard due to existing structural problems. The problems should be

removed by identifying with systematic method for the sack of development of the country. With a systematic study, the root problems of an organization can be pointed out in this regard. In this sense, the field study conducted by the MSS students is very important in the context of Bangladesh.

They conduct the field study on different Government Organizations in administration view point covering Personnel Panning, Promotion, Training, Disciplinary Procedure and Organizational Arrangement which are very important areas of an organization. They use Public Administration and Management knowledge in finding out the root problem of concerned organization. All the findings may be responsive to the attempts of making effective of the concerned organization. So, the field study conducted by the MSS students of Public administration under the compulsory coursePA-403, titled: Issues and Problems of Public Personnel Management in Bangladesh has a profound significance in the context of Bangladesh.

07. Functions of Bangladesh Police Bangladesh Police consists of several branches lie CID, SB, DB, RAB etc. Each branch has its own duties and functions. But the ultimate goal of the Bangladesh Police is to elevate the sense of security of the people that is essential for the socio-economic development of the country. The common functions of Bangladesh Police are as follows: • Upholding the rule of law • Maintaining law and order and ensuring peace and harmony in the community in collaboration with the people • Prevention and detection of crime and bringing to justice who breaks the law • Safe guarding and protecting life and property of the citizens • Meeting the crime and socio-order needs through the Community Policing and working in partnership with and other agencies • Render necessary assistance in cases of disaster like accident, earthquake, cyclone, flood etc.

With a view to achieving the goals and objectives, Bangladesh Police has been doing its duties with integrity, courage and professionalism. It is making continuous effort to improve the quality of service.

08. Employment Size At present the total strength of Bangladesh Police is 1, 23,197 as against the population of about one hundred and forty millions approximately.

With this population the ratio of people and population stands at 1:1138 compared to 1:728 in India, 1:665 in Philippines, 1:625 in Pakistan, 1:228 in Thailand. The total strength of Bangladesh Police is shown in the following table: Table-1 Strength of Bangladesh Police (Quota in RAB and Training Reserve included) Sl. Rank Number 1 Inspector General(IG) 1 2 Additional Inspector General(Addl. IG) 11 3 Deputy Inspector General(DIG) 26 4 Additional Deputy Inspector General (Addl. DIG) 28 5 Superintendent of Police (SP) 186 6 Additional Superintendent of Police(Addl. SP) 232 7 Senior Assistant Superintendent of Police (Sr. 210 ASP) 8 Assistant Superintendent of police(ASP) 844 9 Inspector 2307 10 Sub-Inspector (SI) 10,850 11 Sub-Inspector(TR) 254 12 Town Sub Inspector (TSI) 107 13 Sergeant 1,213 14 Assistant Sub Inspector (ASI) 6,623 15 Head Constable (Armed) 5,000 16 Head Constable (Unarmed) 1,587 17 Naik 5,784 18 Constable 87,934 1,23,197 \ Source:www.police.gov.bd 09. Cost of Personnel Services Bangladesh government has a separate expenditure for Police Department. Every fiscal year, there is a specific allotment for Bangladesh Police under the Home Ministry. Bangladesh government gives the allotment for Bangladesh Police for the following areas: • Salary of the police personnel and other employees of the Department • Vehicles-Van, Lorry, Jeep, Pick-up, Truck, Ambulance, Bike, Bus, boat, Private Car for officers etc.

• Equipments like-gun, computer, walkie-talkie, dress, batons, tear gas cell etc.

• Training • Ration for police personnel • Accommodation • Risk allowance • Health allowance • Others

The following table shows year-wise budget for Police Department Table-2 Fiscal Year

Amount in Tk.

2001-02 2002-03 203-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07

897,11,11,000 939,22,71,000 1184,23,09,000 1670,87,81,000 1899,27,48,000 1905,88,74,000

Increase than previous year in Tk. 8,14,45,000 42,11,60,000 245,00,38,000 486,64,72,000 228,39,67,000 6,61,26,00

Increase in % 0.92 4.96 26.09 41.09 13.67 0.35

Source: Progress in four and half years, Home Ministry Monthly Rations and Price (Inspector to IGP) Table-3 One Member Sl. 1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

Goods Rice Wheat Sugar Soyabin oil Dal

Quantity (kg) 10.320 8.520 1.700 2.340 3.270

Price per kg (kg) 1.80 1.50 3.22 7.99 1.20

Total

Total Price (kg) 18.58 12.78 5.47 18.70 3.92 59.45

Two Members Sl. Goods 1 Rice 2 Wheat 3 Sugar 4 Soyabin Oil 5 Dal Total

Quantity (kg) 20.640 17.040 3.400 4.680 6.540

Price per kg. (kg) 1.80 1.50 3.22 7.99 1.20

Total Price (Tk) 37.15 25.56 10.95 37.39 7.85 118.90

Three Members Goods Sl. 1 Rice 2 Wheat 3 Sugar 4 Soyabin Oil 5 Dal Total

Quantity (kg)

Price per kg(Tk)

Total Price (Tk)

30.960 25.560 5.100 7.020 9.810

1.80 1.50 3.22 7.99 1.20

55.73 38.34 16.42 56.09 11.77 178.35

Quantity (kg) 41.280 34.080 6.800 9.360 13.080

Price per kg (Tk) 1.80 1.50 3.22 7.99 1.20

Total Price (Tk) 74.30 51.12 21.89 74.79 15.70 237.80

Four Members Sl. Goods 1 Rice 2 Wheat 3 Sugar 4 Soyabeen Oil 5 Dal Total Source: Police Headquarters Monthly Rations and Price (Constable to Sub-Inspector) Table-4 One Member Goods

Quantity (kg)

Price per govt stock (Tk)

Price for the Total force per kg (Tk.) Tk.

Price

Rice Wheat Soyabeen Oil Sugar

9.302 12.130 1.866

2.10 0.3215 1.77 0.8145 Purchase through open tender 1.6077

3.00 9.88 3.00

0.936

3.2154

3.00

Dal Fuel Dalda Total

3.263 37.324 0.467

Purchase from sugar mill on mill rate Purchase through open tender Purchase through open tender Purchase through open tender

0.8144 0.1607 3.2119

2.66 6.00 1.50 29.04

Two Members Goods Rice Wheat Soyabin Oil Sugar Dal Fuel Dalda Total

Quantity (kg) 12.130 15.862 2.362 1.866

Price per kg. from govt. stock (TK.) 2.10 1.77 Purchase through open tender Purchase from sugar mill on mill rate Purchase through open tender Purchase through open tender Purchase through open tender

Price for the force per kg. TK. 1.0931 1.0931 2.0228 3.2154

Total Price (TK.) 13.26 17.33 5.65 6.00

1.2111 9.1607 3.2119

5.65 12.00 1.50 61.39

Quantity (kg) 16.330 20.995 2.800

Price per kg. from govt. stock (TK.) 2.10 1.77 Purchase through open tender

Price for the force per kg. TK. 1.0931 1.0931 2.4222

Total Price (TK.) 21.93 28.00 9.04

9.866

Purchase from sugar mill on mill rate Purchase through open tender Purchase through open tender Purchase through open tender

3.2154

6.00

1.2002 1.1407 3.2119

8.96 12.00 1.50 74.97

4.656 74.648 0.467 Three Members

Goods Rice Wheat Soyabin Oil Sugar Dal Fuel Dalda Total

6.532 74.648 0.467 Four Members

Goods

Quantity (kg)

Price per kg. from govt. stock (TK.)

Rice Wheat Soyabin Oil Sugar Dal Fuel Dalda Total

20.062 25.661 3.732

2.10 1.77 Purchase through open tender

Price for the Total force per kg. Price TK. (TK.) 1.0931 21.93 1.0931 28.00 2.4222 9.04

1.866 7.465 74.648 0.467

Purchase from sugar mill on mill rate Purchase through open tender Purchase through open tender Purchase through open tender

3.2154 1.2002 1.1407 3.2119

6.00 8.96 12.00 1.50 84.43

Soucrce: Police Headquarters Salary structure of Bangladesh police: Sl 1 2 3 4 5 6

Rank Inspector General(IG) Additional Inspector General (Addl. IG) Deputy Inspector General(DIG) Additional Deputy Inspector General (Addl.

DIG) Superintendent of Police (SP) Additional Superintendent Police (Addl. SP)

Salary 23000(Selected) 19300-700X4-22100 16800-65 X 6-20700 15000-600 X 8-19800 11000-475 X 14-17650 6800-352 X-9075-EB-365 X 1113090

7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

Senior Assistant superintendent Police(Sr. ASP) 6800-325 X 7-9075-EB-365 X 1113090 Assistant Superintendent Police(ASP) 6800-325 X 7-9075-EB-365 X 1113090 Inspector 5100-280 X 7-7060-EB-300 X 1110360 Sub-Inspector(SI) 4100 -230 X 7-5710-EB-250 X 1112060 Sub-Inspector(TR) 4100 -230 X 7-5710-EB-250 X 1112060 Town Sub-Inspector (TSI) 4100-230 X 7 – 5710 –EB -250 X 11 -1260 Sergeant 4100-230 X 7-5710–EB-250 X -11 12060 Assistant Sub-Inspector(ASI) 3100– 170 X 7- 4290 –EB -190 -6380 Head Constable(Armed) 3100 – 170 X 7 -4290 –E-190 X 6380 Head Constable(Unarmed) 3100-170 X 7– 4290 –EB-190 X 11 -6380 Naik 3000-150 X 7 – 4050 –EB -170 X11 -5920 Constable 2600-120X7-3480-EB-130 X - 4870 4th class civil personnel 2400-100 X 7– 3100–EB-110X114310

10. Institutional Arrangement The Bangladesh police inherited an organizational structure which was based primarily on police Act, 1861. With the passage of time there have been substantial changes to this organizational set up. The superintendence of this police force rests with the government while its administration with inspector general of police. The inspector general of police as the head of the police force is responsible for the maintenance of law and order throughout the country and accountable to the government in this regard.

The whole police organization is divided into several field units with the thana (police station), investigation centers and outposts at the grass root level and the police headquarters at the apex. (Organogram-1) Police Headquarters The inspector general of police being the head of this organization is responsible to the government for the administration, operational efficiency and discipline of the force. The office of the inspector general was previously known as police directorate, but after the independence of the country it was re-designated as Police Headquarters. In police headquarters the IGP as assisted by 3 X additional inspector generals, 4 X deputy inspector generals and 16 X assistant inspector generals (SP) and other complementary staff. The police headquarters controls, coordinate and monitors police activities throughout the county. It comprises of three main divisions/branches; 1) administration, operation and discipline 2) finance and development and 3) Recruitment and training.

The functions of each of the divisions/branches are supervised by on additional inspector general. (Organogram-2) Ranges There are 6 ranges and each range is headed by one DIG. The superintendents of police are supervised by the range DIGs whose jurisdiction corresponds to the civil division. Each range DIG is (except sylhet) assisted by additional Deputy Inspector General of Police. They are all accountable to the inspector general of police.

Districts The command and control of the police activities in the districts rest with the superintendent of police. Their territorial jurisdiction is conterminous with the district of the general administration.

Thanas (Police stations) Police stations are the most important units and they occupy a unique position in the criminal administration within their respective jurisdictions. All information relating to the commissions of cognizable offences are to be recorded at the Police Stations. The investigations of the under direction of the Officer In-charge are launched by the Police Station Officers. They also initiate actions under preventive sections of law. The common people who fall victims of crime3s and in other matters come in frequent contact with the police at Police Stations for redress. In fact, Police Station is the starting point for all actions under the Criminal Procedure has vested the Officer In-Charge with wide legal powers to discharge his duties for the preservation of peace, prevention and detection of crime within the limit of his jurisdiction.

The size of the existing Police stations varies widely in respect of both area and population. The population and the area vary from 30,000 to 7, 00,000 and 30 sq. miles to 736 sq. miles respectively. Considering all these variables the strength of the Police stations has been enhanced.

Metropolitan Police

To deal with crimes and criminals and maintain law and order effectively four major cities Dhaka, Chittagong, Khulna and Rajshahi were brought under separate Metropolitan Police Forces created under four different Metropolitan Ordinances. They are under the general command, control and supervision of IGP. The Police Commissioner of Dhaka Metropolitan Police is of the rank Additional Inspector General. Three Deputy Inspector Generals of Police head the other three Metropolitan Police. The Police Commissioners are assisted by Additional Police commissioners, Deputy Police Commissioners(SP), Additional Deputy Police Commissioners(Addl. SP), Assistant police Commissioners(ASP) and other officers of Subordinate ranks.(Organogram-4) Railway Police The Railway Police is named by personnel drawn from Police and their administrative, disciplinary and operational control rests with the Police Headquarters. The duties of the Railway Police as defined in the Railway Act and PRB include control of passenger and vehicular traffic inside the station premises, maintenances of order in stations, prevention and detection of crimes within the Railway jurisdiction. Cognizable cases are recorded at the Railway Police Station and the Officer In-charge of the PS arranges investigation of those cases. For policing purpose the country is divided into two Railway districts and each district is commanded by one SP. The GRP is headed by one Deputy Inspector General of but act in close co-ordination with the Railway Officials. There are a total of 24 Police Station and 32 outposts within railway jurisdiction through out the country.

(Organogram-3) Detective Branches To ensure proper investigation of heinous and sensational case which requires prolonged and sustained investigation Detective Branch has been created in each district and Metropolitan. The officers of the Detective Branch work under the district supervision of the SP of the districts and Deputy Police Commissioner/Addl. Deputy Commissioner of the Metropolitan.  Criminal Investigation Department(CID) The main functions of CID are collection, collation and distribution of information including investigation of organized crimes, which are committed by the organized and professional inter-district criminals. The department functions through four branches namely investigation, Forensic Science Laboratory, Criminal Intelligence Bureau and Detective Training School. The CID provides scientific aids to the investigation and opinion on examination of exhibits in connection with criminal cases all over the country. It also runs a Detective Training School to improve the investigative quality and capability of the junior Police Officers. The Additional Inspector general of Police is the head of CID.  Special Branch The Special Branch is a specialized unit and it is mainly responsible for security of the VVIP, VIP and Key Point Installations. It plays an important role in law and order administration by collection, collation and dissemination of intelligence on matters affecting the internal of the country. It also controls the entry of the foreigners through the check Posts and Air Ports.  Armed Police Battalion The Armed Battalion is created under a Ordinance. This is the IGP’s reserve force. The main role of this force is to provide manpower support to the district and metropolitan police in the execution of duties and commitments during the time of emergencies. Deputy Inspector General of Police heads the Armed Police Battalion. (Organogram-5) Amongst its other functions during war time, it has to - act as second line defense - enhance the defense potentialities strength the security of the VVIP  Rapid Action Battalion (RAB) Rapid action Battalion(RAB) was formed by amending ‘The Armed Police Battalion Ordinance 1979’ under control of Hone Ministry as a sisterorganization of Bangladesh police aiming to maintaining more effectively the law and order situation of the country. It came out action through participating in parade show on the occasion of the National Independence Day; on 26 March 2004.RAB started its formally operational activities by playing role in ensuring safety observation of 1st Boishakh, Bangla New Year, at Ramna Park in the same year. The Headquarters of RAB is at Kurmitlola in Dhaka. The designation of the head of RAB is Director General, equal status to Addl. IGP. Since its inception, it has been playing a vital role in maintaining law and order situation of Bangladesh. RAB is considered with personnel drawn from different forces. It is shown in the following table: Table-6 Sl. 1 2 3 4 5 6

Forces Percentage Military Forces (Army, Navel & Air) 44% Police Forces 44% BDR 6% Ansar 4% Coast Guard 1% Civil staff 1% Sources: The Annual Report 2006

Bangladesh is divided into twelve operational areas for twelve operational Battalion or Units of RAB. The operational areas and the working-force of each Battalion or Unit are shown in the following table: Table-7 Headquarters Operational areas (districts/Thanas) /Battaalions/units Headquarters Dhaka

Strength 1384

RAB-1

Uttara, Airport, Turag, Gulshan, khilkhet & Badda Thana

638

RAB-2

Teijgaon, Hajaribag, Dhanmondi, New market, Mahammodpur, Adabor Khilgaon, Sabujbag, Motijhil & Pallton Thana Pallabi, Mirpur, Shah Alibag, Cantonment & Kafrul Thana Nator, Rajshahi, chapai Nowabgonj Nogaon, Joypurhat, Gaibandha, Rangpur, Dinajpur, Kurigram, Lalmonirhat, Nilfamari, Thakurgaon & Panchgorh District

653

RAB-3 RAB-4 RAB-5 RAB-6

Khulna, Bagerhat,Satkhira, Norail, Jessore, Magora, Zenaidah, Meherpur & Chuadanga District RAB-7 Chittagong, Lashmitpur, Noakhali, Feni, Khagrachari, Rangamati,Bandarban, Chandpur, Comilla & Cox’s Bazar District RAB-8 Barishal, Bogura, Potuakhali, Rajbari, Jhakathi, Vola, Foridpur, Gopalgonj, Shariotpur & Madaripur District RAB-9 Sylhet, Sunamgonj, Moulavibazar, Hobigonj, B’Bari, Kishorgonj, Netrokona & Mymensingh District RAB-10 Kamrangirchar, Lalbag, Demra, Sutrapur,Shampur & Kotoali Thana RAB-11 Narayangonj, Munsigonj, Manikgonj. Gazipur, Norsingdi & Dhaka District(Except DMP) RAB-12 Bogra, Sirajgonj, Pabna, Sherpur, Jamalpur, Tangail & kushtia District The Total Strength of RAB

651 642 626 644 631 613 624 639 571 547 8863

Source: Police Headquarters  Highway Police Highway Police was formed on 11 June 2005 aiming to safety movement of people to different parts of Bangladesh. There are 24 Highway Thanas and 48 Highway Fari.  Police Telecommunication The Police Telecommunication system was installed on a modest scale in 1966. It has since gradually expanded presently linking all the Police station with the District and Divisional Headquarters and Dhaka Central Base Station. All the four Metropolitan Police have separate Telecommunication Network. It has now a total manpower of 1250.

11. Personnel Planning Bangladesh Police is one of the most important operational organs of the state. The primary condition of development activities is to create sound law and order situation. Police Force can play an effective role in this regard. So, a strong personnel management is urgent for an effective and dynamic police controls non-cadre (Constables to Inspector) police force. The Headquarters plans for posting or for transfer the efficient and experienced persons ion the right positions and right places and provides training for the non-cadre police in controlled by the Police Headquarters.

The cadre (ASP to IG) police officers are under control of Home Ministry. All the process of training, transfer and fixing the requirement of cadre officers are decided by Home Ministry in consultation with Establishment Ministry.

12. Recruitment Process There are three tiers of recruitment process of Bangladesh Police.  Class1 (ASP) With a Bachelors degree (four year Hon’s), it is possible to join directly as Assistant Superintendent of Police(ASP) through competitive Bangladesh Civil Service(BCS) examination conducted by Public Service Commission. The BPSC conducts the total process of recruitment of ASP as other 28 cadres. A candidate participates firstly in a 100 marks preliminary examination and pass mark is 50 (as new process). Only the qualified candidates are eligible for the next 900 marks written examination. The qualified candidates in written exams are called for viva voce of 100 marks. These high fliers after one year of Police Academy Training and six months district probation fill up the managerial posts.  Sub-Inspector Sub-Inspector, the main investigating Officers is directly recruited from candidates having Bachelors degree through competitive examination conducted by Police Headquarters. A candidate has to prove physical fitness for participating in written exams. The finally qualified candidates go through one year training in Police Academy and two years in district as probationer. Any able bodied person having Bachelor equivalent degree and minimum height of 5’ -8’’ can be appointed as sergeant. He needs to undergo six months basic training at Police Academy Sardah.  Constables One having age limit from 18 to 20 years and with minimum height of 5’-6’’ and Secondary school or equivalent Certificate can join as Constable through examination conducted by Police Headquarters. The finally qualified candidates undergo basic training at one of the four Police Training Centers for six months.

13. Training Facilities

Training is an organizational procedure of increasing knowledge and skills of an employee for doing a particular job. To increase professional skills and efficiency of the Police Personnel to face the new challenges of the 21 st century, training is a must. There are several institutions that provide training to different levels of the Police Personnel. The institutions are; (Organogram-6)             

The Police Academy, Sardah, Rajshahi Police Staff College. Dhaka Police Training Center, Rangpur Police Training Center, Khulna Police Training Center, Tangail Police Training center, Noakhali Police Special Training School, Betbunia, Rangamati Traffic training School, Dhaka Detective Training School, Dhaka Dhaka Metropolitan police Training School, Dhaka Telecom Training school RAB Training School

The Police Academy, Sardah, Rajshahi Police Academy, Sardah is a hundred year old, luminous and prestigious police training institute, which was established in 1912 at a place named Sardah at Chaghat police station in Rajshahi district. The 142.66 acres of land of Police Academy, Sardah is not only crowned with the grandeur of marvelous natural beauty and smell, it is also proud of accommodating various magnificent installations like Parade Ground, Principle’s Banglow, Vice Principle’s Bang low, Banglows of two SPs, Administrative Building, Academic Building, Officers’ Mess, ASP(probationary) Dormitory, Trainee SI & Constables’ Dormitory, VIP Guest House, Chimney Memorial Auditorium, a Hospital and a Mosque, Police Academy, Sardah provides the three courses as follows; Table-8 1. Basic course: a .ASP(probationary) b. Outside Cadet Sub Inspector c. Departmental cadet Sub Inspector d. Sergeants e. Recruit Constables f. Regular Constables g. Rider (Constables) h. Drummers (Constables0

Duration 12 months 12 months 06 months 06 months 06 months 06 months 06 months 06 months

2. Refreshers’ Course a. Junior staff course (Departmental Promote ASP) b. Preliminary Staff Course (Inspector Unarmed) c. Preliminary Staff Course (Inspector Armed) d. SI (Unarmed) e. SI (Armed) f. Sergeant/TSI g. ASI h Head Constable (Unarmed) I Head Constable (Armed)

Duration 04 weeks 06 weeks 06 weeks 08 weeks 08 weeks 08 weeks 08 weeks 08 weeks 08 weeks

3. Specialized Courses: Duration a. Training of Trainers’ Course 24 days b. Section Leaders’ Course (Head Constable-Armed0 4 months c. Course of reproductive health and gender issue 15 days d. NSI & Railway Security Course (sent by the Home ministry) 6 months Source: Police Headquarters  Police Staff College, Dhaka Police Staff College was established in 2000 Dhaka aiming to provide training to Assistant Superintendent of police and upwards on different course. It formulates the subject matter and syllabus of training for other training centers. It gives diploma and degree certificate to those who complete the training course from this institute. In 2005, it provided training on the following courses; Table-9 Sl. No. 1.

2 3 4 5

Name of Courses

Duration

Designation of Trainees

1st Course of Inspector Development 1st Course on Professional Standards & Responsibility 2nd Course on Professional Standards & Responsibility 1st Course on Criminal Investigation Management 1st Course on Prison Service and Financial Management

11 days 5 days 5 days 5 days 22 days

ASP/AddSP/SP ASP/AddSP/SP ASP/AddSP/SP ASP/AddSP/SP ASP/AddSP/SP

6 7 8 9 10 11

3sd Course on Transnational economic Crime 3rd Course on Crisis Management & Counter Terrorism 1st Course on police Management for Newly Promoted Anti-Terrorism Inspector Development Course Interdicting Terrorist Organization Human Rights and law Enforcement Course

13 days 18 days 10 days 12 days 15 days 11 days

SP Prison ASP/AddSP/SP ASP ASP/AddSP/SP ASP/AddSP/SP Asst.Director/ Lnt Commander/Major/ AddSP/SP/AdddDIG

Source: The Annual Report, 2007  Police Training Centers There are police training centers situated in Rangpur, Khulna, Tangail and Noakhali. They were established as regional training school to standardize the regional police training. In 1990, they were shaped up as Police Training Centers. Now, each of them is operating its duties as a distinct training unit. Each Police Training Center provides a three-month basic training course and four batches in a year and simultaneously a sixmonth basic training course according to the syllabus as prescribed by Police Headquarters.  Police Special Training school, Betbunia, Rangamati Police Special Training School was founded in 1977 named Tactical Jungle Warfare School. In 1982, it was renamed as Police Special Training School. It conducts Weapon, Tactics, Jungle Warfare and Counter Insurgency Courses. It provides the following Training courses; a. Jungle Warfare Orientation course b. Special Jungle Warfare Course for SI/ASI c. Basic Jungle Warfare Course For Police Sergeants and d. Unit Trainer’s Training course for Habilder.  Traffic Training School, Dhaka Though it does not have its own building, since 1990, it has been working with providing training about the knowledge of vehicle Process and Vehicle Run Rules. It is operating its administrative functions with training in the 2 nd building of Rajarbag Police Lines in Dhaka. Last year, it provided 747 police personnel with training in 8 batches.  Detective training School, Dhaka It is the only training institution for CID, DB, in Bangladesh. It was established in 1963 under the control of CID, Dhaka. Since its inception, it has been working with providing the following training courses; Sl. no.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

Name of Courses

Duration

Aid to Good investigation course 4 weeks Case Investigation Monitoring and 3 weeks Prosecution Course Prevention of Violence Against women and 2 weeks Human Behavior Course Special Training Course on Human Rights 6 days Investigation Training Course 5 weeks Prosecution Course 2 weeks Junior Investigation Course 4 weeks UNs Police Officers Mission Training Course 1 month Source: Annual Report 2006

Designation of Trainees ASP Inspector Inspector Inspector/Sergeant SI SI ASI Constable to ASP

 Dhaka Metropolitan Police Training School It is situated at Rajarbag in Dhaka. It provides the following courses; i. Orientation course for those who come from different districts and units from Constable to sub-Inspector. ii. Pre-Investigation and Prosecution course for those who get promotion from Constable to ASI of DMP, CID and SB by participating in the promotion examination. iii.

Unarmed Combat (Male) to play role in unrest situation. iv.

Unarmed Combat (Female) to play role in unrest situation. v.

Refresher Course aiming to increase the professional skills of the Dhaka Metropolitan Police constables.

RAB Training School (a) Senior Management Course (b) Foreign sic Investigation Course (c) Cyber Crime Course (d) Basic Intelligence Course (e) Police Investigation and Supervision Course (f) Computer Course (g) Driving Course (h) Third-I Software Course (i) Special Intelligence Course (j) Anti-terrorism Course

14. Promotion Process Promotion process of Bangladesh Police can be elucidated in two stages. a) Cadre from ASP to above posts b) Non-Cadre from Constable to inspector posts a) Cadre from ASP to above posts The primary stage of Class 1 Officers (Cadre) of Bangladesh Police is Assistant Superintendent of Police (ASP). Promotion to ASP to Senior ASP is the primary stage for movement upwards. Promotion to Senior ASP is contingent on a qualifying examination called “Bangladesh Civil Service Cadre Officers’ Senior Scale Promotion Examination.” The Bangladesh Public Service Commission (BPSC) conducts this examination every year.

The total marks of this examination are 3oo in three papers. Full marks for each paper is 100 and pass marks is 50 percent. This examination is for all cadres. An ASP who has completed four years of service can take part in this examination. The subjects for promotion examination cover three areas: i) Paper 1: Bangladesh and Current Affairs. ii) Paper 2: Acts, Rules and Systems applicable in use of all officers of BCS. iii) Paper 3: Matters Relating to Police Service (Cadre) BPSC, generally, fixes a date for receipt of application from officers of all cadres. Assistant Superintendents of Police who want to take in this examination apply through Home Ministry as Police Department is under control of it. This has to be done in a form prescribed by BPSC. They who pass the examination are only brought into consideration for promotion to senior ASP. Merit is determined solely on the basis of marks obtained in the ACR for Senior ASP to above officers. The same system is followed in Police Department as other Ministries do in filling up the ACR. (Rank Structure & Promotion Stairs: Ornanogram-7). The following table shows fill up the ACR: Table-11 SL. 1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

Officer Reported Upon (ORU) ASP, SASP, Addl. SP SP (field level) AIG, Addl.

DIG (Headquarters) DIG Addl. IGP, IGP

Reported Initiating Officer (RIO) SP DIG DIG IGP Secretary Ministry)

Counter Signing Officer (CSO) DIG IGP IGP

Secretary (Home Ministry) (Home State Minister/Minister

Source: Police Headquarters Other things being equal, seniority is determined on the basis of date of entry into service at the time of initial recruitment. The list of seniority, fixed by BPSC on the basis of the results of recruitment examination, is not interfered with. However, Home Ministry is required to draw up a list of seniority and get it vetted by BPSC. This is published and is generally known as Seniority List or Gradation List. Seniority, once fixed in consultation with BPSC, remains immutable unless otherwise decided by a competent law on the application of any aggrieved officer. The following table shows year wise promotion from ASP to addl. IGP. Table-12 Year

Addl. IGP

DIG

Addl. DIG SP

2003 2004 4005 2006

3 4 7 5

21 5 5 11

20 8 11 16

52 13 30 23

Addl.

DIG 68 46 47 75

Senr. ASP

ASP

76 79 -

8 136 74 1

Source: Progress in Four and half years, Home Ministry c) Non-Cadre from Constable to Inspector posts Non-Cadre police force consists of Armed and Unarmed Police Force. A constable enjoys the opportunity to get promotion up to Inspector and a SI enjoys up to Senior ASP on the basis of results of Departmental Promotion Examinations held every level and notable performances on duty. The principle of Seniority is also followed for promotion in non-cadre police force.

Armed Police The lowest rank of Bangladesh Police is constable. The process of promotion from Constable (Armed) to upwards can be explained as follows; Inspector (Armed) Sub-Inspector (Armed) is brought under consideration for promotion to Inspector (Armed) on the basis of results held previous conducted by Police Headquarters and seniority.

With getting promotion from Naik a habilder or head Constable must undergoes for a four-month Section Leader Course (SLC). At the end of SLC he has to sit for an examination. On the basis of the result of SLC examination and seniority he is considered eligible for promotion to SI. After three years service as a Naik, he sits for an examination called ‘Promotion Examination’ conducted by Police Headquarters. The result of this examination is considered as the basis of promotion to Habilder or Head Constable. Seniority is also considered as the basis of promotion in this level.

A constable (Armed) can sit for the examination for promotion conducted by Police Headquarters after fulfilling three years service. Seniority is also considered as the basis of promotion to Naik.

Unarmed Police The service duration for promotion of unarmed Police is quite different from Armed Police.

Inspector (Unarmed) With getting promotion from ASI, a sub-Inspector (Unarmed) has to undergo for a six month training course and at the end this training she/he sits for an examination. After four years service as SI, she/he is brought under consideration for promotion to Inspector (Armed) on the basis of Merit and Seniority.

After four years service as an ASI, she/he sits for an examination conducted by Police Headquarters. The result of this examination is considered as the basis of promotion to Sub-Inspector (Unarmed). Seniority is also considered as the basis of promotion is this level.

A constable (Unarmed) can sit for the examination of promotion conducted by police headquarters after fulfilling six years service. Seniority is also considered as the basis of promotion to Assistant Sub-Inspector (ASI).

Table-13 Year 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 Total

Inspector (Unarmed) 5 23 184 78 151 441

Inspector (Armed) 37 131 96 68 85 417

Inspector (town & transport) 6 6 11 122 145

Total 48 160 280 157 358 1003

Source: Progress in four and half years, Home Ministry

15. Disciplinary Procedures Discipline action is a control mechanism of civil servants. It is very important for Police Department because it is responsible for maintaining law and order situation of the country. I Police Department fails in maintaining law and order situation of the country, all development activities will be impeded. Firstly law and order situation should be maintained strictly to operate development activities smoothly. For this propose, Police Department should be always under disciplinary process, so that police personnel can not be careless of their duties. The Police Department is under the following ordinance;  The Police Officers (Special, Provisions) Ordinance, 1976 Ordinance No. LXXXIV of 1976 To provide for special provisions for maintaining discipline among certain members of the police-force. Whereas it is expedient to provide for special provision for maintaining discipline among certain members of the police force; Now, therefore, in pursuance of the proclamation of the 20 th August, 1975, and the 8th November, 1975, and in exercise of all powers enabling him in that behalf, the President is pleased to make and promulgate the above-mentioned ordinance.  Ordinance to override all other laws, etc.

This Ordinance shall have effected notwithstanding anything neither contained in any law, rules and regulations relating to police-force nor shall prejudice the operation o the other law, rules and regulations including the service conditions of the said police-force.

Offences: Where a police officer is guilty ofa) Misconduct b) Dereliction of duty c) Act of cowardice and moral turpitude d) Corruption or having persistent reputation of being corrupt e) Subversive activity or association with persons or organizations engaged in subversive activities f) Desertion from service or unauthorized absence from duty without reasonable excuse g) Inefficiency The authority concerned may impose on such police-officer any of the followings; a) Dismissal from service

b) c) d) e) f)

Removal from service Discharge from service Compulsory retirement Reduction to lower rank Transfer to risky

Inquiry (1) When a police-officer is to be proceeded against any of the offences mentioned above, the authority concerned shall frame a charge and specify therein the penalty proposed to be imposed and communicate it to the police-officer, hereinafter called de accused, requiring him to show cause within specified time which shall not be less than seven days and not more than ten days from the date the charge has been communicated to him why the penalty proposed to be imposed on him shall not be imposed and also to state whether he desires to be heard in person.

(2) If, after consideration of the cause shown by the accused, if any, and hearing him in person, if the accuse so desires, the authority concerned finds the accused guilty of the charge, he shall within twenty days of the receipt of the explanation imposed upon the accused the proposed penalty or any other lesser penalty under mentioned above.

Appeal A police-officer on whom a penalty has been imposed under section 6 may, within seven days of the receipt of the order of punishment, appeal against the order to the appellate authority concerned specified in column 3 of the schedule, who shall within fifteen days of the date of receipt of the appeal communicate to the appellant his decision which shall be final.

Court’s Jurisdiction barred No order passed under any of the provisions of this ordinance shall be called in question in any court.

Table-14 Sl. Police Officer 1 Inspector 2

3

Authority Appellate Authority Inspector General of Police or Adddl.

Government Inspector General of Police Sub-Inspector, Assistant Deputy Inspector-General or Inspector General of Sub-Deputy Commissioner of Metropolitan Police or Addl.

Inspector-General Inspector, Police or Addl. Commissioner of Inspector General of General Inspector of Inspector.

Police Police Sergeant, Head of Police, Police, Constables.

Naiks, Constables

Addl. Deputy Inspector General Of police or Superintendent of Police or Deputy Police Commissioner of any Metropolitan Police

Deputy InspectorGeneral of Police or Commissioner or Deputy Commissioner Of any Metropolitan Police

Source:www.police.gov.bd The following numbers of police personnel were brought under disciplinary Acton from 1 October 2001 to 31 July 2006; Table-15 Designation

Recruitment under the article 9(2) of Civil Servant Act 1974

Suspension

Grave Punishment

Trivial Punishment

SI Sergeant ASI Habilder Naik Constable Total

394 4 89 40 23 281 831

68 29 22 35 57 585 796

1812 271 579 551 394 3667 7,274

33,486 2,271 13,728 2,798 2,019 21,084 75,386

Source: Progress in four and half years, Home Ministry The table shows that 831 police personnel from constable to SI were given retirement under the Article 9(2) of Civil Servant (Retirement) Act 1974 for inefficiency and ineligibility, 796 were suspended for negligence of duties, 7,274 were brought under grave punishment for violation of Rules and Regulations while 75,386 were brought under trivial punishment for misconduct.

Disciplinary action against Inspectors;

Table-16 Duration

Designation

Pattern of Punishment Trivial Grave

Suspension

01.10.2001 to 31.072006 Total

Inspector

384

72

21

Retirement under the Article 9(2) of Civil Servant Act 1974 33

384

384

72

21

33

Source: Progress in four and half years, Home Ministry Disciplinary action against Class 1 Police Officers; Table-17 Pattern of Punishment Designation SP

Trivial

Grave

SP Addl. SP Senior ASP

8 3 22

3 1 15

Retirement under the article 9(2) of Civil Servant Act 1974 Misuse of power, 42 corruption, negligence 1 of duties, inefficiency, 5 negligence of command of authority Offences

Source: Progress in four and half years, Home Ministry 16. Legal Coverage In every civilized society, police discharge its responsibilities as the principal civil force of state, by efficient performance of its role as laid down in laws, rules and regulations. The objectives, strength, appropriateness and wisdom of the laws, rules and regulations determine the quality and nature of service the citizens would get from police. State of order, sense of discipline and the legal rights of the citizen all depend on laws, rules and regulations.

Bangladesh Police, as it stands today, originated as an organized Police Force since enactment of Police force Act 1861, crimes out its major functions by the power provided in criminal Procedure code enacted in 1898; puts all its efforts to prove the offences against the offenders defined in the Penal Code enacted in 1860 and other allied laws; collects evidence to prove offence against offenders under The Evidence Regulations of Bengal issued in 1927 which was updated in 1943.

It is quite evident that empowered by above mentioned age-old laws, rules and regulations, Bangladesh Police today faces the expectations of its citizen whose fundamental rights are guaranteed by the constitution of the Republic. It is needless to say that major changes are required in rules and regulations, which were mostly framed 100 years back, to match the of the constitution of the Republic and present socio-economic situation.

17. International Role of Bangladesh Police Bangladesh Police is steadily marching in International Policing arena. As a member of the ICPO- INTERPOL since 1976, Bangladesh Police made significant through the NCB locate at the Police Headquarters. Bangladesh was elected as the Member of the Executive Committee, INTERPOL for three years in 1989.

Police Officers went to Namibia, Cambodia, former Yugoslavia, Rwanda and Mozambique to serve as UN civilian Police Monitor. Bangladesh Police has been contributing in UN Peacekeeping in different countries.

Current Mission Table-18 UN Peacekeeping Operation (Still contributing) Present deployment in UN Peacekeeping Mission Rank wise as on 12/10/2008 UNPOL Name of Mission Kosovo (UNMIK) Liberia (UNMIL) Ivory Coast (UNOCI)

Addl.

IG 0

DIG

SP

0

Addl.

DIG 0

ASP

Ins

SI

Sgt

Asi

HC

Nk

Total

2

Addl.

SP 3

0

3

9

5

0

0

0

22

0

0

0

3

2

0

6

3

6

0

0

0

17

0

1

0

1

4

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

6

Sudan (UNMIS) Darfur (UNAMID) East Timor (UNMIT) UN Job Total

0

0

0

2

4

0

4

8

7

0

0

0

25

0

0

1

3

2

3

14

16

14

0

0

0

53

0

0

0

6

2

1

21

13

10

0

0

0

5

1 1

1 2

0 1

3 20

0 17

0 5

0 48

0 48

0 43

0 0

0 0

0 0

5 181

Name of Mission

SP

ASP Ins

SI

Sgt

Asi

HC

Nk

Const. Cook Doctor Total

Ivory Coast

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 6

Addl .

SP 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 18

4 4 4 4 4 4 3 24

5 5 6 5 5 9 9 35

2 2 2 2 2 2 1 12

13 13 16 13 18 13 8 86

18 15 19 15 19 17 17 103

10 12 9 12 13 11 16 67

63 64 59 64 69 74 58 393

FPU

Congo Timor Leste Darfur Kosovo Total

FPU-1 FPU-2 FPU-1 FPU-2 FPU-1 FPU-1 FPU-1

3 3 3 3 3 3 3 18

1 1 1 1 1 1 3 6

2 2 2 2 2 2 2 12

125 125 125 125 140 140 125 905

Source: www.police.gov.bd Previous Mission Table- 19 UN Peacekeeping Operations (Already contributed) At present total deployment of UNPOL and FPU peacekeepers members in different Missions As on 12/10/2008 SL. Name of Mission NO 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17

DIG Addl .

DIG UNTAG (Namibia) 1989-1990 0 0 UNTAC (Cambodia) 1992-1994 1 0 UNPROFOR(Yugoslavia) 1992-1996 0 1 UNUMOZ (Mozambiqu) 1993-1994 0 0 UNAMIR (Rowanda) 1993-1995 0 0 UNMIH (Haiti) 1994-1995 0 0 UNAVEM-111(Angola) 1995-1999 0 1 UNTAES(East Slovenia) 1996-1998 0 0 UNMIBH(Bosnia) 1996-2002 0 1 UNMISET(E.Timor) 1999 to till 1 0 date UNMIK(Kosovo) 1999 to till 0 1 date UNAMSIL(Sierra Lion) 2000 0 2 UNMIL(Liberia) 2003 to till 0 1 date UNOCI(Ivory Coast) 2004 to till 1 0 date UNMIS(Sudan) 2005 to till 0 3 date MONUC(Congo) 2005 to till 0 0 date UNAMID(Darfur) 2007 to till 0 1 date Total 3 11

Last updated on 23 January,2009 Source: www.police.gov.bd 18. Findings and Problems

Period

SP

Addl .

SP 2 8 14 8 0 2 35 4 30 22

ASP Ins

SI

Sgt

Asi

HC

Nk

Cons. Total

9 19 40 22 5 21 37 0 19 24

19 63 43 40 0 35 16 16 26 60

19 54 37 12 2 17 11 24 29 68

1 24 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 40

1 19 7 0 0 1 0 0 0 24

1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 25

0 20 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 144

60 298 185 100 10 100 147 58 152 532

40

44

1

0

0

522

3 33

3 4

12 4 2 22

0

11 12

10 6 5 15

7 86 32 17 1 23 25 11 22 11 0 18 8 5 33

2 4

0 0

0 1

0 0

33 125

14

30

23

21

28

7

83

94

89

315

705

18

12

6

36

37

22

13

17

11

74

24 9

5

9

19

14

33

9

62

71

72

323

617

5

5

5

16

13

4

13

17

11

74

164

16 3

2557

300

53 1

67 1

46 3

24 4

25 2

21 0

952

4057

1 4 7 1 2 1 22 3 25 01 4 18

The British colonial heritage is still very often reflected in the administrative structure, behavior, laws and regulations of the Police forces of Bangladesh. Trace of this inherit colonial heritage is also to be found in the criminal justice systems of our country. Bangladesh Police is run under Police Act 1861, carries out its major functions under Criminal Procedure Code 1898, uses the Penal Code 1860 to prove offences and collects evidence to prove offence against offenders under The Evidence Act 1872. It is quite clear that empowered by the expectations of its citizen whose fundamental rights are guaranteed by the constitutional of the Republic.

The Bangladesh Police has to depend upon the most traditional equipment for its operational activities. Police Personnel from the bottom up to the rank of HC/ASI use the most out dated303 rifles. Officers of above the rank of SI use small and age-old weapons like Pistol and Revolvers. The Riot Police and others, while on duties mostly use less lethal weapons like shot guns.

Bangladesh Police has no adequate access to IT and modern technology. That is why the pattern of offence is changing with time and increasing day by day.

Police Department does not have adequate equipment e.g. vehicles. That is why police personnel fail to get quickly on the spot of incidence and can not the real offenders.

The training provided to the police personnel is not adequate and responsive to the time of changing world. The age-old method is followed in providing training.

The number of police personnel against the total population of the country is not sufficient. With this population the ratio of police and population stands at 1:1138.

There is no adequate training institution for Police Department in Bangladesh. That is why a big number of police personnel perform their duties without training. Besides, a strong coordination amongst the training institution is absent.

Political interference in Police department is a phenomenon in Bangladesh. Political government in Bangladesh use Police Force for their political interest. It diverts the police force from their professional duties. No specific rules regarding duty of police personnel. They have to perform their duty as required or according to the rules as prescribed by concerned authority. But they do not enjoy extra facilities for extra or special duty either.

A little number of constables and ASI enjoy the opportunity to get promotion to upper level; even their merit and performance on duty are satisfactory, due to direct recruitment at SI level.

Bangladesh Police is responsible for maintaining law and order situation of Bangladesh. That is why they have to perform extra duty than any other government officials. But they do not enjoy special facilities against their extra or special duty. Therefore, they enjoy the same salary structure as others.

Corruption is one of the main problems of Police Department. The general people do not receive the expected service from police personnel for corruption. Power conflict between Superintendent of Police and deputy Commissioner at district level is phenomenon because of not clear responsibilities and differentiation of two administrations. There is discrimination between cadre (ASI-IG) and non cadre (Constable to Inspector) in ration facilities.

There is no adequate accommodation and quarter facilities for police force. It is great problem for non-cadre police personnel especially for constables and ASI as they enjoy low ration, salary and facilities.

19. Conclusion with Suggestions Major changes are required in rules and regulations e.g. Police act 1861, The Penal code 1860, The Evidence Act 1872, Criminal Procedure Code 1898, the Police Regulations of Bengal issued in 1927, the Railway Act, The Narcotics Control Act, The Motor Vehicles Ordinance, to match the theme of the Constitution of the Republic and present socio-economic situation.  Reconstruction is required in the Structure of Bangladesh Police in order to bring dynamism and effectiveness in its functions.  Training facilities should be enhanced immediately with modern technologies.  A special salary structure and other facilities should be provided to the Police Department. Incentive bonus for extra duties should be taken into consideration.  Police Force should be equipped with modern equipment so that they can provide the expected services to general people.  The police force should be increased with the increasing population of the country.  A proper measure should be taken to control the immense corruption of Police Department. Facilities for police personnel should be increased in this regard.  All training institutions should be equipped with modern technologies and should be designed effective course structure.  Equal opportunity of ration for all level of police personnel should be provided.  Proper steps should be taken to provide policing services at all level of the society. It is the expectations of all that hopes and inspirations of the population should be reflected in the activities of police.

Organogram of Armed Police Battalion DIG of Police Armed Battalion (9) Organogram of Armed Police Battalion Strength Battalion (1) -806 Battalion (2) -771 1st Company-81 2nd HQ Rifle A PCoy -112 AP HQ Platoon -10 Bn Bn Rifle Platoon -34

Strength Battalion (1) -806 Battalion (2) -771 HQ Company -81 Rifle Coy -112 HQ Platoon -10 Rifle Platoon -34

3rd AP Bn

4th AP Bn

5th AP Bn

6th AP Bn

Commanding Officer (Superintendent of Police)

2nd in Command Addl. Superintendent of Police)

Rifle Coy (112)

Rifle Coy (112)

Rifle Coy (112)

3 x Rifle Platoon

3 x Rifle Platoon

3 x Rifle Platoon

HQ Coy (81)

42

7th AP Bn

8th AP Bn

9th AP Bn

Commanded by Battalion –------------S P Bn. 2’ I C –---- Addl S P Bn. Adjutant – Inspector Company---------- A S P Platoon ----------- Ar. S I Section--- ------------ H C

Rifle Coy (112)

Rifle Coy (112)

Rifle Coy (112)

3 x Rifle Platoon

3 x Rifle Platoon

3 x Rifle Platoon

Organogram Police Training Institutions

Police Academy (1) Sardah (225)

Capacity ASP-75 OC-300 TRC-1000

Police Training Center (4) Total (4x117)

Police Special Training School (1) Betbunia(54)

Location PTC 1.Rangpur 2.Khulna 3.Tangail 4.Noakhali

Capacity 140

Capacity TRC—540 (Each PCT)

43

Traffic Training School (1) Dhaka (31)

Capacity 120

Bangladesh Police (Rank Structure) Total Strength 123197

Inspectopr General (1) Addl. Inspector General (11)

Deputy Inspector General (26)

Addl. Deputy Inspector General (28) Superintendent (186) Addl. Superintendent (232) Sr.Assistant Superintendent (210)

Assistant Superintendent (844)

Un-Armed Inspector

Town & Traffic Inspector

Un- Armed SubInspector (254)

Sergeant (1213)

Assistant SubInspector (6623)

Un-armed Head constable (10587)

Armed Inspector (2307)

Town SubInspector

Armed Sub-Inspector (10850)

Armed Head Constable (5000) Naik (5784)

Constable (87934)

44

Armed Head Constable (10850)

Population8,000,000(Apx)

Police-Public Ratio-1:450

Dhaka Metropolitan Police Organogram Police commissioner (17,810) (Addl. Inspector General of Police

Division-10 Zone-7 Police Station-21 Town Out Post-52 Investi. Center-1 Police Box-11

Addl. Police Commissioner (1) (Deputy Inspector General of Police)

APC (HQ)

Total Strength PC office -2 Crime Divn -3481 P & P Divn -2412 HQ Divn -5571 Trafic Divn -2241 Riot Divn -4103 Total -17,810

Crime (PRev & Detec) Division

Protocol & Protection Division

Head Quarter Division

Traffic Division

Riot Control Divisions

DPC (5)

DPC (1)

DPC (1)

DPC (2)

DPC (2)

Addl.DPC(8)

APC (10)

Addl.DPC(1)

Addl. DPC (2)

APC (8)

APC (30)

APC (Zone)

Inspector (O.C.)

APC (Petrol)

Inspector (Petrol)

APC (DB)

APC (11)

APC (Prose)

Inspector (D.B)

Inspector (42)

Inspector (Prose)

Inspector (Traffic)

Inspector (Riot)

Oganogram of Railway police

DIG of Police

ASP

Eastern Zone (Chittagong)

Western Zone (Syedpur)

Railway Police District

Railway police District

Superintendent of police Railway Police District

Asst. Superintendent of Police

Circle

Circle

Circle

Police Station

Police Station

Out Post

Railway Special Branch

Circle

Police Station

District Control Room

POLICE HEADQUARTERS ORGANOGRAM (Police -198 & Civil Staff – 242) 40

Inspector General of Police Staff officer

Addl. IGP (Fin & Dev.)

Addl. IGP (Admin & Opn)

DIG (Admin)

AIG (Estt.)

DIG (Crime & Opn)

AIG (Con)

AIG (Sec. Cell)

AIG (Crime-1, 2, 3,4)

Legal Cell Regulation

Operation Control Room

DIG (Fin & Dev)

AIG (Welfare)

AIG (E & T)

AIG (Interpol)

39

Addl. IGP (Rec & Trng)

DIG (Recre & Trg)

AIG(Fin/Blbh/ Dev)

AIG(R & M)

AIG (Telecom)

AIG (Training)

AIG (Supply)

AIG (P & R)

BANGLADESH POLICE-ORGANOGRAM

One Policeman Covers-1.47 sq. km

Range (6)

Metropolitan (4)

District (64)

Division

06. Dupure Khamokha Kheyal.MP3

Circle (126)

Police station (476)

Zone

Police Station (36)

Out Post (236) Town Out Post (104) Invest center (34)

Highway Out Post (71)

Check Post (27)

Invest center (1)

Police Headquarters

Railway Police (1)

District (2)

Range (6)

Intelligence School

Special Branch

Police Population Ratio-1:1138

Criminal Invest.

Dept.

Armed Police Battalion (9)

Detective Trng.

School

Circle (7) Training Institutions (64)

Police Station (24)

Out Post (30)

Police Spl.Training SCHOOL (1)

Police Box (27)

38

Traffic Training School (1)

Police Training Center (4)

Police Academy (1)