View with images and charts Report on Export & Import Analysis of Square Textiles Ltd. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Square stands for ceaseless efforts. The philosophy of never standing still, slowing down, never stop thinking & never compromise with quality made Square the most progressive & dynamic business leader in the country. Square believes in using advanced technology to cope with the changing world. Motivation & diversification is the its major strength. It all started in 1958 with the establishment of a pharmaceutical company & now after 46 years Square is the leader in pharmaceutical industry & textile industry. Square first ventured in the textile sector with the establishment of the first unit of the Square Textiles Ltd. in 1997. One year later the establishment of the second unit followed. It invested US$ 20.00 million for the first unit & US$ 13.00 million for the second unit. Its target market was export oriented garments industry. Square constructed its state of the art manufacturing facility at Saradaganj, Kashimpur, Gazipur with high tech machinery from Europe. It has four dormitories for the work force & two residential buildings for the management staff provide more than 80% housing for the employees. Square is the 1st of its kind in Bangladesh to provide accommodation facilities to its employees. Production & accommodation facilities include full time supply of drinking water, adequate lighting & ventilation facilities. Free meals, free transportation, 24 – hours medical center, on-site sports & recreation facilities encourage the motivated team to serve customers full heartedly. ETI codes according to the local law (Bangladesh) are very strictly practiced in its manufacturing facilities. It has biological treatment & energy conservation program. State of the art technology has been used in the effluent treatment plant for the biological treatment of the waste. COMPANY’S HISTORY In 1997, Square entered the textile sector with its manufacturing facilities of cotton yarn. Combining modern technology with skilled manpower under Square's unique inspiring, atmosphere, and this new Square venture soon rose to the top of the local textile industry. Today it has one of the most sophisticated vertically integrated set-ups. Square first ventured into the textile sector with the establishment of the first unit of the Square Textile Ltd. in 1997. A year later the establishment of the second unit followed. CORPORATE HISTORY ♦ Year of establishment : 1994 (In corporate as a public limited company) ♦ Year of operation : 1997 ♦ Stock exchange listing (Dhaka & Chittagong): 2002
♦ Award Oeko-Tex Standard 100 ♦ Award ISO-9002 Certified ♦ Business Lines ♦ Authorized capital ♦ Paid up Capital ♦ Number of employee
: 2000 : 2000 : Manufacturing & Marketing of Yarn : Tk. 1000 Million : 251.90 Million :1223
COMPANY LOCATION CORPORATE HEADQUARTER Square Centre 48, Mohakhali C/A Dhaka-1212.
HEAD OFFICE Figure: 1
Mascot Plaza (11th – 12th Floor) Plot # 107/A, Sector # 7 Uttara Model Town Uttara, Dhaka. FACTORY Saradaganj, Kashimpur, Gazipur. TARGET MARKET Export Oriented Readymade Garments Industry
Figure: 2
OUR VISION
Our conception of the business germinates from our vision which sees it is as a means to the well being of the investors, stakeholders, employees and members of the society at large by creating new wealth in the form of goods and service that go to satisfy the wants of all of them without disturbing or damaging the socio-economic balance of the mother earth and that process of human civilization leading to peaceful co-existence of all the living beings. OUR MISSION
Our mission is realization of vision through maximum production of goods and services strictly on ethical and moral standards at minimum costs to the society ensuring optimum benefits to the shareholder and other stakeholders ORGANOGRAM Managing Director
Head Of Operations
Head of Marketing
Head of Finance
Head of Commercial
Head of HR
Production Manager
Marketing Manager
Accounts Manager
Logistic Manager
Administration Manager
Quality Assurance Manager
Sales Manager
Finance Manager
Export Manager
Employee Relation Manager
Technical Manager
Business Developme nt Manager
Internal Audit Manager
Import Manager
HR Manager
SWOT ANALYSYS STRENGTH ♦ Sister concern of Square group with high technical support. ♦ High amount investment in machine and factory. ♦ No workers unrest because of location facility. ♦ Own dormitory for staff and workers. ♦ Sophisticated high-tech machinery’s used for production and Quality control. WEAKNESS
♦ Cost of yarn is high for high quality. ♦ Raw cotton is not available in local market. ♦ Unstable price of Raw cotton in the international market. OPPORTUNITY ♦ Huge scope for export. ♦ Operational efficiency. ♦ Provision for capacity expansion. THREAT ♦ Invasion of Indian yarn through black market. ♦ Unstable economic situation of our country. ♦ Unstable political condition. FACTORY DETAILS CAPACITY Unit
1:
36,288
spindles
with
daily
production
capacity
Unit 2: 23,184 spindles with daily production capacity of 14,000 kgs. PRODUCTS Unit 1: Combed and Carded yarn from a count range of Ne. 10 to Ne. 80. Unit 2: Combed Ring Yarn from a count range of Ne. 20 to Ne. 40.
Figure: 3
of
30,000
kgs.
TECHNICAL DETAILS MACHINERY DETAILS Name of Machines
Country of Origin
Back Process : Rieter-Switzerland (Blow room :: Carding :: Drawing :: Combing) Simplex / Fly Frame
: Toyoda-Japan
Ring Frame
: Toyoda-Japan
Autocone Winding
: Schlafhorst–Germany
QC Equipment
: Zellwegers Uster- Switzerland
Humidification Plant
: Luwa-Switzerland
Air-Cooling / Chiller
: McQuay-USA
IMPORT ANALYSIS Square Textiles Ltd is a 100% export oriented Yarn manufacturing company. They mainly produce Yarn and export it to Fabrics manufacturing company and fabrics manufacturing company export it to garments industry through Back to back L/C and garments Garment industry export this fabrics against master L/C after certain process in this sance Square Textiles Ltd is Exporter of yarn. But in the commercial term these kinds of exporter are called deem exporter. As main job of Square Textiles Ltd is to manufacturing and exporting of Yarn so they need some raw materials and axillaries to manufacturing this product. Main raw materials of square Textiles Ltd are various types of raw cotton. As Square is a vertical integrated company. So they have forward and backward linkage facility e,i. they have fabrics manufacturing company and they have garments manufacturing company. Square Knit Fabrics Ltd get 100% L/C from their own garments Industry and Square Textiles ltd. Get 60% L/C from their own company Square Knit Fabrics Ltd and another 40% get from other company. So that the buyers of Square Fashions & Others garments industry are the ultimate buyers of Square Textiles Ltd. Square Textiles Ltd mainly procure their raw cotton by 100% cash L/C. IMPORT Figure: 4
As the main raw martial of Square Textiles Ltd is raw cotton. so the procure their raw materials under two ways 1) 2) LOCAL IMPORT:
Local import Foreign Import
As Square Textiles Ltd. is a largest finest yarn manufacturing company of Bangladesh so they need various type of raw cotton. But we cannot produce high quality of raw cotton in our country so we 100% depended on imported cotton so that Square Textiles . Local import is nil. FOREIGN IMPORT As we know that to produce high quality of yarn need high quality of raw cotton. High quality of raw cotton means which cotton exists length fiber is long and fibers are matured. To produce high quality of raw cotton mainly needs favorable weather condition but we have not. So ultimately we depended fully imported raw cotton for our textiles mills. Square Textiles Ltd mainly procure central Asia’s cotton e,i. Uzbekistan’s, Turkmenistan’s, Kazakhstan’s, and Tajikistan’s raw cotton as per their buyers satisfaction. Though the price of central Asia’s raw cotton are higher than the others cotton. Square Textiles also procure raw cotton from Zimbabwe, Syria, USA, India, West African, Indonesia, and Thailand etc through cash L/C. COMPARISON TO OTHERS COMPANY WITH IMPORT POLICY: Square Textiles Ltd think, though customers like central Asia’s cotton at higher price and most of the spinning mills go for central Asia’s cotton as per their customers satisfactions. But this trend is not continuing for long period. Because may central Asia’s companies think they will produce yarn in their own country or others company like square think they established a plant in central Asia’s country. Then central Asia’s cotton are not available then what will do the others company. Square Textiles Ltd always think different. For this reason to face this problem they use 60% to 50% CIS cotton and 40% to 50% others cotton which quality is same like CIS cotton to overcome future any problem. Square textiles do not follow others so allover the year they procure cotton for two or three month advance. So that over the year they can maintain average cotton price and they do not loss hues and they do not gain hues. But on the other hand others company they forward book all over the year so if the cotton price is higher then they gain hues and cotton price is down they losses hues. LAST THREE YERS IMPORT POSITION QUANTITY IMPORT IN THOUSAND (TAKA) 2004 2003 Raw materials Import
Total Sales
1293112
2002
1069660
1293112
1069660
1293012
1293012
Total Import 1400000
1293112
1293012 1069660
1200000 1000000 800000
Total Import
600000 400000 200000 0 2004
2003
2002
EXPORT ANALYSIS DIRECT EXPORT Direct export of Square Textiles Ltd is so little because they import 100% raw cotton from abroad so their yarn price is higher than the others country LOCAL EXPORT As a deem exporter Square Textiles Ltd export their 60% yarn to their own sister concern Square Knit Fabrics Ltd and balanced yarn they export to the others textiles industry through back to back L/C. Square Knit Fabrics Ltd mainly export their 100% fabrics to their another sister concern Square Fashions Ltd which is a world class garments manufacturing company and others textiles industry export their fabrics to others garments company in our country. Square Fashions ltd and others garments company have strong marketing tem they visit all over the world to market their product to world class buyer like Puma, Nike, Asda, Matalan. Allmart, Mark & Spencer, Kitaro, Redfild, H&M, Ashcity, Mexx etc Square Fashions Ltd and others garments company Mainly collect L/C from those world class buyer and Square Fashions Ltd give L/C to Square Knit Fabrics Ltd and others garments company give L/C to another Fabrics manufacturing company to collect fabrics. As well as Square Knit Fabrics Ltd and others textiles mills give L/C to Square Textiles Ltd to collect yarn for producing fabrics. As Square Textiles is a deem exporter so the export their yarn to Square knit Fabrics and others textiles industry Square Knit Fabrics and others textiles company export their fabrics to Square Fashions and others garments industry and garment companies are direct exporter so in this scence Square Textiles Ltd is 100 % export oriented yarn manufacturing company. Square Textiles Ltd also sale a little portion of yarn in locally which is produce by wastage cotton. These types of yarn are “B” Grade and it is not meet the export quality. COMPARISON TO OTHERS COMPANY WITH EXPORT POLICY Square’s policy is always different from the others companies policy. So Square Textiles follow some technique to increase their export. Like in production they use heterogeneous system to create a big lot e,i. As same quality of cotton they mix as bellow:
Uzbekistani’s Cotton 2 Bells US Cotton 1 Bell Syrians Cotton 2 Bells West African’s Cotton 3 Bells Indonesia’s Cotton 1 Bell ____________ Total 9 Bells And create a big lot 90 tons to 100 tons, so that big customers always prefer to use same lot of yarn to get better result in dyeing and there no shade variation for their big production. Square Textiles always try to produce same quality of yarn allover the year for this reson buyers always prefer Square textile’s Yarn but others company follow general system Where they use Same cotton e’i. When they use Uzbek cotton then they use only Uzbek cotton. So that their yarn lot is always small e,i. 30 to 40 tons and allover the year they cannot maintain the same quality, so big buyer do not prefer their yarn for their hues production. Square Textiles Ltd follows another technique e,i. they always try to meet customer’s shipment on due date but on the other hand others company always cannot do that. So Square Textile’s sales always in creasing. LACKING OF POLICY Square Textiles Ltd always use Heterogeneous system e,i. They use mix cotton to produce yarn, so their production cost is less and others company use general system e,i. They use 100 % Uzbekistani’s cotton it is costly so their production cost always high. If in the market create a rumer that square textiles do not use 100% Uzbek cotton but their yarn rate is higher than the others it is bad for them and they can loose their big market. HOW CAN OVERCOME THIS LACKING Square Textiles can avoid Heterogeneous system and they can increase their dependency on Central Asia’s cotton. They can reduce their yarn price and convince customers that though square use heterogeneous system but their result is same like central Asia’s cotton. They can also convince their customers to reduce dependency on CIS cotton to absorb any shock in future. LAST FOUR YEARS SALES TURNOVER QUANTITY SOLD IN THOUSAND (KG.):
2004
2003
Local sales 99 527 Export sales 14554 13417 13129 12705
2002 539
2001 453
Total Sales
14653 13944 13668 13158
Total Sales 15000
14653
14500
13944
14000
13668
13500
13158
13000 12500 12000 2004
2003
2002
2001
Total Sales
QUANTITY SOLD IN THOUSAND (TAKA)
2004 Local sales 9455 Export sales 2093214
Total Sales
2102669
2003 32576 1756441
2002 46956 2029968
1789017
2001
43881 2054190
2076924
2098071
Total Sales 2200000 2100000
2102669
2076924
2098071
2000000 1900000
Total Sales
1789017
1800000 1700000 1600000 2004
2003
2002
2001
Figure: 7
MARKET SHARE Shamim Spinning Mills Ltd. Padma Textiles Ltd. Square Textiles Ltd. Mother Textiles Ltd. Prime textiles Ltd. Others Total
30% 25% 20% 15% 05% 05% 100%
Market Share
5%
5% 30%
15%
20% 25%
Shameem Spinning Mills ltd. Square Textiles ltd. Prime Textiles ltd.
Padma Textile Mills ltd. Mother Textiles ltd. Otherss Figure: 8
Financial Statement 3.13.1. SQUARE TEXTILES LTD. BALANCE SHEET As at 31 December 2004. AMOUNT IN TK. 31-12-2004
31-12-2003
NET ASSETS: FixedAssets Current Assets: Stocks Trade Debtors Adv. Deposits & Payments Cash & Bank Balances
121,73,31,766 32,90,15,503 84,00,66,283 4,66,13,570 6,83,69,954 250,13,97,076
132,66,42,613 25,05,79,314 74,68,96,100 4,88,12,438 91,24,736 238,20,55,201
LIABILITIES: Current Liabilities: Short Term Loan 113,01,54,432 99,75,36,568 Long Term Loan-Current Portion ------------11,28,97,588 Sundry Creditors 7,08,81,052 5,84,02,645 Liabilities For other Finance 4,73,56,925 3,95.84.188 Provision for Income Tax 1,91,10,742 ___ 57,51,014 126,75,03,151 121,41,72,003 SHARE HOLDERS EQUITY: Share Capital Tax Holiday Reserve General Reserve & Surplus
25,19,00,000 25,19,00,000 33,96,71,397 29,69,28,100 64,23,22,528 59,77,80,098 250,13,97,076 238,20,55,201
SQUARE TEXTILES LTD. INCOME STATEMENT For the year ended 31 December 2004.
AMOUNT IN TK. 2004 Sales Less: Cost Of Goods Sold Gross Profit: Less: Operating and financial expenses Operating Income Other Income Net Profit Before WPPF
210,26,70,263 178,90,18,386 173,70,55,759 150,02,81,590 36,56,14,504 28,87,36,796 17,55,24,220 19,00,90,284
19,78,35,510 9,09,01,286
2,25,844 19,03,16,128
6,63,215 9,15,64,501
Allocation For WPPF & WF Net Profit Before Tax Less: Provision for Income Tax Net Profit For the Year
2003
90,62,673 18,12,53,455
1,33,59,728 16,78,93,727
43,60,214 8,72,04,287 57,51,014 8,14,53,273
3.13.3. SQUARE TEXTILES LTD. Cash Flow Statement For the year ended31 December 2004. AMOUNT IN TK. 2004
2003
Cash Flow from Operating Activities: RECEIPTS: Collection From Sales Others Less: PAYMENTS: Purchase of Raw and Packing Materials Manufacturing and
200,95,00,080 186,13,50,517 2,25,844 6,63,215 200,97,25,924 186,20,13,732
(139,80,91,956)
(104,62,25,984)
Operating Expenses (33,94,18,521) (32,32,02,946) Interests (11,44,33,862) (14,26,12,064) Workers Profit Participation Fund (42,62,961) (81,73,177) 185,62,07,300 152,02,14,171 Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities
15,35,18,624
34,17,99,561
Cash Flow from Investing Activities: Purchase of Fixed Asset Less: Disposal of Fixed Asset Net Cash Used in Investing Activities
(1,78,17,640) (1,95,36,204) 57,06,958 40,00,000 1,21,10,682
1,55,36,204
Cash Flow from Financing Activities: Long and Medium Term Loan-Repaid 13,41,72,588 Dividend Paid 8,06,08,000 Short Term Loan-Received (13,26,17,864) Net Cash Used in Financing Activities 8,21,62,724 Increase/(Decrease) in Cash Bank Balance Cash and Bank Balance at Opening Cash and Bank Balance at Closing
5,92,45,218
17,52,92,648 7,40,59,553 (8,04,32,598) 32,97,84,799 35,21,442
91,24,736
1,26,46,178
6,83,69,954
91,24,736
ORGANIZATIONAL STRATEGY NAME OF STRATEGY Square follows the following organizational strategy for his organization: 1) Business diversification strategy 2) Best cost strategy 3) Nich marketing strategy 1) In present they are diversified business giant in Bangladesh. 2) They always provide improved quality of product for their customers with lower price and they never compromise with their quality. 3) On the part of their business diversification strategy the always
tried to making their product for nich market Ex: Square harbal Ltd. (A harbal medicine Company) REASON FOR SUCCESS/FAILURE Most of the cases they are successful because they are committed to his customers and Bangladesh for their quality product. Square believes in using advanced technology to cope with the changing world. Motivation & diversification is its major strength. FINDINGS • • • • •
Square Textiles mainly use mix cotton to produce yarn but on the other hand others company use Uzbek cotton. Square Textile’s yarn price is higher than the others company Square Textiles do not forward booking to procure cotton but others company do that. They do not arrange get together for their big buyer at least one time a year. They do not invite their big buyer to visit their factory.
RECOMMENDATION: • As square Textiles use mix cotton so they can reduce their yarn price • Square Textiles can follow the others company e,i. they can only use CIS cotton. • Square Textiles can convince their buyer to reduce dependency on CIS cotton to absorb any shock in future. • They can arrange get together for their buyer at least one time a year where buyer can freely discuss their problem and they can give their advice to overcome this problem.
CLOSING SECTION SUMMERY Square Textiles Ltd. is one of the largest companies in the textile sector of the country. It has a most modern and sophisticated equipment with a group of professional peoples who posses a high standard of technical know how. This company produces a high quality of yarn of which 95% is exported to foreign countries and this has been possible as the company is very conscious in maintaining the high standard of quality. Presently the company’s progress is upwards. Finally we can say this company has set a milestone in the textile sector in the country. CONCLUSION Square Textiles Ltd. has reached to its present stable and profitable position due to its operational activities in the right way managed by a group of professional and technical experts. The company’s people are well motivated and working under a healthy congenial environment. Here all facilities are available for smooth operations of the company. On the other hand the company is contributing to the national economy by employing a lot of people
and earning foreign currency for which we feel proud for having such a company in our country. REFERENCE Annual Report & Brochure www.square-bd.com BIBLIOGRAPHY • • •
Annual Report Brochure www.square-bd.com
GLOSSARY 1. Income Statement: A Financial Statement that presents the revenues & expenses 2. Balance Sheet: A Financial Statement that reports the assets, liability & owners equity at a specific date 3. Cash Flow Statement: A Financial Statement that summarizes cash inflow & outflow 4. Liability: Creditorship claim on total assets 5. Blow Room: It is the first stage of yarn manufacturing process to clean raw materials (Cotton) 6. Combed Yarn: When yarn production processes gone through the combed machine (Best quality yarn) 7. Count: Measurement of yarn thickness 8. Chiller: System to cool the air temperature 9. Hosiery Plant: The yarn used for hosiery products 10. Humidification: This is the system of air handling with control of moisture in the air 11. ISO: International Standard Organization 12. OEKO: TEX Standard law. US based certification body for controlling health-hazard 13. Paid up Capital: It is the part of the authority capital, which are initiates invested in the business 14. Spindle: This is the unit of a final production process in textile industry 15. Span: The process to make yarn from stable fiber 16. Yarn: Fine fiber raw cotton
INDEX Balance Sheet
: 27
Blow Room
: 17
Cash Flow Statement : 29-30 Chiller
: 17
Combed Yarn
: 16
Count
: 16
Humidification
: 17
Income Statement
: 28
ISO
: 11
Liability
: 27
OEKO
: 11
Paid up Capital
: 11
Spindle
: 16
Yarn
: 11,16