The Proof Spring 1985 by Royal Photographic Society

SPRING 85

edited & published b:r Victor

again ~crr'y folks, its that <CHAIR)-man There is some hope tor the future the "Deputy-Chair" .Congratulations

though.we have coaxed Mary into taking Mary Mitchel.

ALSO: You will notice that I have been fortunate in off-loading some of 'i'ormer duties onto Victor-John (?) "WARDON"our new programme Sec.Please ·: free to call him and suggest suitable programme material-meetings ate.Do~ complain too much just yet, let him get used to us for a year or two. remember,it's

YOURgroup,so lets hear from YOUp.e that other Victor.JohnVICT_

COVER

YORKSHIRENEWSLETTER

MEETTHE PROGRAMME SECRETARY

COMMENT FROMTHE CHAIR

5. 6·. 7 I

ARABIANCONQUEST.pictures on.pp.31/-34.

WHATSIN A PICTURE

10/

LETTERS

11.16/

AVONCROFT MUSEUM OF BUILDINGS

17.18/

STEREOFOR FREE VISION an experiment

19.21/

YORKSHIRENEWSLETTER

22/

GROUPPROGRAMME 1985

23.25/

BROWN ON BROWN

26.27/

MEMBERS JUNE WEEKEND CONFERENCE*

28/

"STRONG"on HERITAGE

29.30/

BACKTO BALARUC

31. 34/

ARABIANCONQUEST -pictures

35/

MEETTHE 1985 COMMITTEE

News from the Programme SecretaryV,John Waldon.

MEETTHE NEWPROGRAMME SECRETARY; Following the recent A & H Group AGMat the Challoner Club London, Victor John (Known as "JOHN")was duly elected as Prog Sec with NO opposition !!

I vent to my first Royal Photographic Society meeting the other day, It was the A,G.M. of the Archaeology & Heritage Group. By the time the meeting was over, I fow·,d myself duly elected as Programme Secretary. As it happens, I didn't even know that there was a meeting until that very morning, when Victor J. Heppel~hwaite,ARPS, telephoned me to suggest that I should attend. So what? I hear you all reply. Ahl That is why the Group needs a Programme Secretary, Almost every month of the year the Archaeology & Heritage Group does something interesting. For example, by the time that you read this most of you will probably have missed ow- visit, on Sunday 12th Kay, to the remains of the gunpowder factory at Tonbridge in lent, However, it is not ta,late for you all to come along to our next event, which is the conference of the Archaeology & Heritage group. This ha.1 been arranged for the weekend of 31st Kay/ 1st June 1985, & i1 to be held at Crystal Palace, in South-East London. Full details sho-.ud be appearing elsewhere in this issue, otherwise pleue contact Victor Bepplethwaite tor more information. On Saturday·15th June, two weeks after the Coni'erence, ow- group will be viai ting Stole d' Aberon Church, Great Booltham, Surrey. I am told that this Chureh has a particullarly interesting collection of bras1es, which are very photographa.ble, The pl&n is to meet at "The Crown•, ·vnich ii ·in the centre of the village, at 12, 30pm. It is sure to be a nice day out, whatever the weather. s·a.turday July 20th should find us at the Avoncroft Kuaeua of Buildings, 8l'Oll$grove, Worcestershire. Please asselllble at 11aa in the reception area, & it would be sensible to bring a packed lunch vitb you. On Saturday 31st August, it. is hoped that we will be able to vilit Highgate Ce111et~. As l write, details are still to be tinc11ised, so it you would like to go, please ring the Hon,Secret.ry for the la.test update. In September ve are a.Jlallging to go ~o an archaeological 'dig' at Peterborough, Again, details are not yet available so John Pullenger our Treasurer is the person to contact if you want to tale part. Saturday 5th October the group visit will be to a io■an Bath-House at :fall, Staffordshire. The Group is to meet up in Wall at Noon, First please telephone our Hon. Secretary Jim Brown (01-462 3264) to .aa.y that you are comming, SatllI'day 14th December is the date of our Chriataas party, Thi& will probably take plilce in Inightsbridge, London, More details in the next i1sue of 'The Proof',

V. John Waldon.

3. ------------------comment-----

The publishing of readers letters is something we look forward to wi each new issue,it is hoped that members of the A&Hgroup also apprecia:: the rare contact with other perhaps more distant members.

T.Herbert Jones FRPS.FRSA.has long been a good friend to this group,givin~ unstinti.ngl; ot 'lis time tn OLlr various conferences and meetings.All in the interest ot better photog_raphy,his activities in the clubs around the country are legendary,(was it not your Chairman who,some years ago received a grand mark of THREEtor a competition entry,I like so many others,learned well from the experience though) In appreciation of all that Herbert represents,and is, we as a group voted to apply to Council that T.Herbert Jones might be confirmed as an"Hon" FRPS.This application I believe was refer.red to the awards Committee, It we have inadvertedly added to Herberts greivences by suggesting by attatched slip to his copy ot "Proof" that we are not informed by RPS records of his (and other valued members) current OFFICIAL membership of the group,it was only to draw attention to that tact and indicate that the recipient realy ought to get straight onto H/O about the matter.Our efforts on past years b1aring litle fruit in the past.take note though,these days a regular update of information does arrive (tor some poor volounteer to burn MOREmidnight oil).The problem still exists of how to avoid the bad feeling that can arise when we tell old members (& friends) that they do not appear on Bath records? Which of course each new Committee each new year will be oblidged to accept, All .this adds up to the tact that we dont realy think that we~ ought to lose a good scout like Herbert,what do you think? Editor-Victor.

Shadesof Wooster SIR--iI . bought-aod

wear

still when leg warmers whu:b were ooosidered to be aaitwiaHy 6llllart

some57years1tg,o. They were, and are koown, as spats and at Gieves, when I jooied tbem at 21. Old Bond Street, in 1926 I paid 7s 6d (3712P today}. T. HERBERT JONES

· Loodon, S.E.6.-

4. -READERS LETTERS

\ cARCkSSONNEone subJect for the groups French trip 1ast sununer. Inset, Dr kpted listening to the Guide MmLillY• Dl'. Mted ,.,nl deliver hiS "AUdio-ViSual" at the groups forthcoming members conference at the end of thiS month• (Taken ,.,ith Victors Rasselblad ~•Jsee that to ..

s. '{JI~

~,ov-9a.(?JI

Only the extreme north western area of Spain escaped conquesby the Arabs, following Tarik's landing at Gigralter in 711; but from from this small Christian enclave, the Moorish tide was slowly forced to ebb, until Ferdinand and Isabella entered Grenada in 1492 to receive the surrender of the last Arab ruler. In this area, covered by the modern provences of Santander, Oviedo and Leon, there survives many superb Romanesque Churches and several earlier buildings from the ninth & tenth centuries. During the autumn of 1983 & the spring of 1984, visits were made to photograph some of these. Two of the earliest of these churche·s lie close together on the slopes of mount Naranco, north west of Oviedo. SantaMaria C abb rev ia ted to "S. M" be low) -de Na ran co seems to have been originally part of the palace of Ramiso .! and was dedicated in 848,it has survived in remarkably good condition and takes the form of a hall church with open porches at each end, built over a crypt by three compartments. The central one of these, under the hall, is tunnel-vaulted with transverse arches and the hall itself is also tunnel vaulted, with an internal attached arcade. The double column of thisarcade are located to accept part of the load of the tunnel vault via transverse arches within the tunnel.The twisted columns are relatively slim and the wall surface above each pair is decorated, Roman fashion, with a strap and mecallion design, which however also strengthens the wall to take the roof-load. The end compartments are also tunnelvaulted, but are basically single storey construction, with timber floors instead at the level of the hall floor. They have open arcades, with heavy piers at the corners of the building and intermediate columns elsewhere. Both the internal and external columns have interesting carving on the capitols and the whole building is remarkably sophisticated for its date, both visually and from an engineering point of view. For instance, compared with St Laurance at Bradford-on-Avon, built more than a century later(c975) on a somewhat similar three cell plan, the construct-ion is altogether more elegant and accomplished. The

neighbouring church of San Miguel de Linio, which also from 848, has not survived complete, but what is left shows that it had an even more complex design than S.M... It is basically a Columnar basilica and again is tunnel vaulted, but in addition to the main nave vault, there were four transverse tunnel vaults across the ends of the aisles, producing embrionic transepts. There are interesting pierced stone window dates

ARABIAN CONQUEST screens ("transennae") in the two surviving ntortunately, from the photographic point ot o be protected by external perspex screens, o column capitols and wall medallions is worth are also interesting carved panels on each side oor, recalling ivory book covers.

transverse view, these

bays had

but the carving recording; there of the ent ranee

In Oviedo itself there are two even earlier buildings of ·nterest. The Catherdral of 802 designed by Tioda, has been argely rebuilt, but a reliquary chapel, the Camara Santa, has some original work in spite of rebuilding and sculptural em-bellishment in the twelfth century. More interesting however, is Tioda's church of ·about 830, San Julian de los Prados, which s also part of a palace complex. Apart from its architectural interest, this church has Pompeian-style wall decorations, astonishingly accomplished tor the period, which have only rec-ently been revealed during restoration work. Unfortunately, during my visits to Oviedo, the church was closed tor further restoration. From the coastal town of Unquera, a road strikes hrough the imposing barrier of the Picos de Europa, o over 2600m. the scenery is wonderful all along t tor about 10Km the mountains close in to form a estiladero de la Hermida, cut by the river Deva, squeezes alongside, leaping first from one side to a d then back again, providing a series of magnificent

south which rise the route, gorge, the The road the other views,

About 3Km after emerging from the gorge, one come to the _ age of Lebena. The church (another S,M.) is a tine example ot the Mo'zarabic style-ie. a fusion of elements trom Arabic architecture, brought by Christian refugees from the south, on to the existing Asturian forms. The most obvious feature is the horseshoe arch, seen in the bell tower at Lebana, but oddly this does occur in Asturian architecture before the Arab invasion, having originated in the Near East and reaching N.Spain independently at different periods. Closer to Santander, there are several Romanesque churches, Most well known is the collegiate church of Santillana Del Mar, mainly built in the 12c; with an elaborate S.portaland interesting sculpture there and on the capitols in the cloister, the whole village has been declared a national monument and most of the buildings especially the palaces of locel noble families, are of architectural interest, also in the village is the diocesen

ARABIAN CONQUEST

museum of the province, with examples of sculpture churches of all periods. Incidentally, the caves with its world famous prehistoric wall paintings, few kilometers from Santillana, but one must rise these, as only ten persons per day are admitted containing the paintings.

removed fro of Altimira are only a early to se to the cave

A little further south, just off the N611 Rd to Reinosa, lies the churc of S.M.de Yermo, with a fine S.doorway and a rather overscale externalstairway to the belfry. West of Santander, in the network of minor roads, S.M.deBareyo lies in the fields with an imposing tower and deeply recessed blind arcades on the exterior of the chancel apse. Within an easy days drive of Santander(though at the end of May the roao over the San Glorio pass was covered in snow) the city of Leon, which became the Christian capitol of Spain once the Moors had been forced back from the Cantabrian mountains, contains several tine buildings of different periods. The Romanesque gem is undoubtedly the Panteon de los Reys in the church of San-Isidoro, with its typically sturdy columns, elaborate carved capitols and groin-ad ceilinr vaults. The latter_are covered with brilliant frescos, painted about 1175 and ve• y well preserved. The rest of the church is largely late 11 the.Work of a high quality, including interesting cusped arches between transepts and nave. The sculptures of San Isidora and San Pelago on one of the portals are considered by some authorities to be more advanced than any comparable French work of the period. Apart from the buildings mentioned, there are at least twenty other churches of the Romanesque or earlier periods in N.Spain which are worth examination, though it must be confessed that some have proved difficult to find and some eluded discovery altogether (e.g. SantaChristina del Lena,South of Oviedo). The Brittany Ferries service from Plymouth to santander enables a car, which is almost essential for reaching some of the more remote sites, to be taken without enduring the long slog across France. the self service apartments at Isla and Mogro provide convenient bases for exploring the area. John Adams.May 1985.

NOTE. Vic tor will not be organising a Continental trip again year, but it seems that you still might have a chance with A.as above.Please ring John Adams for details.(0372-373430)

this John

Well at

there last,

we have it remember those

pictures

lfhtout Put by at I n bo,cis east ? We light-h::~"l~d~nto

by Arthur

that

caused such a fuss all thought that Victors·dSPeedJt arrangements

with

"KJP

& Cecil "STROBE" would resu 1 t in a "Professiona l" STUDIO flash workshop wi ~h realy

"'0

,._

;'Pset· •ngs• 'Odisih . · ,,, e1dea/ b • ur!,,~t~re BVaifabrt ~shes .!'th"'anura/ ft "Kofthe CLseco,,d

'he l(Jp oad sh

•Or the,,

O\if

Ociety

... IC

011 / ~Lot ,a ;:h_~'tk?"~·~m,;,: s ., ogranh.

,•dis that~ ,:ing Photogr {Ust high powered Electro.,,8to,f,,art ..,~f,;•er Oneofth 8 nic flash equipment. ·nn ,," ta8 "'itch~ events emorl!- 1• 0 1 • ru1 Pdate it WasJof 1983 /: easurabJe ·ht/ rge area Sh , anuar ' •en thou h It was to have been "thCJd r Y. Wasth ,0 If 0 _ ow Put 'itrob.,° fi";"R ''OYaJ pL on by l{Jp e noad

fa"'

~J~Jce t~i~fci.on behaJ?tograPhic

for_the Cecil 'Str beofMuJtibJ~t ciety Ph o Eq . i z and elec-t ron ic outfit, ~!~~t~ th= zert :;:i8'rapher/J~ent: HOW could we know that light;;; onstrat~ MigeJ HoJi 1an Baj• the de/ their taJ es deni. .d G F1 h ·t sai erman as un1 S1°ns rro,.,, canier egates u . ents for . u se "'"· sing both wou ld b e s h own in nient as of and 1-' ightin 0 11 on THAT setup ???????? "' iformats 1arge a equip. -I! ."'hite . n sniaJJ an Advertising setup tor a German made

'F·Loch at; 011, •s ·Fry ,

Not that

the delegates

complained its

all

very

much,&

photography,

And who gets 5,000Joules

to use that

often.,,

qp.,,:

t'S~"fi•

///

\ \

P,c,,,rrhyJ,, 1,,,,, . 8 'Yzert.

exion

tand tin)'

·ed,. 'A 8

Ed.

Columbian

The Stanhope, first built at the beginning of the 19th century is number 636, and is one of only ten David Griffiths, of Bentley left in the world. It is inscribed in Photolitho of Warley, is selling two latin 'Stanhope inventit, Walker rare antique hand presses, both· fecit.' 'I would like the machines to go restored and in full working order. to somebody who will look after The machines are a Columbian, them. I feel they deserve to be out in built in 1819, and a Stanhope built the foyer of a large company where around 1810. The Columbian, the they can be enjoyed by the second oldest known, was built by George Clymer the machin~•s company and its visitors. They need a wider audience than I can inventor, four years after the Battle give them,' says Mr Griffiths, who of Waterloo. 'The machine is adds that both machines are painted totally original, including the in black and gold. woodwork, although it has been 'When I first received the repainted,' says Mr Griffiths. 'Its machine_sthey really only needed plate shows that the machine, number 23, was manufactured at 10 . cleaning and painting,' says Mr Griffiths. He can be contacted at Finsbury Street, a year after 28, Fountain Lane, Oldbury, Clymer started making them in Warley, West Midlands, 021-552 London.' 5252.

• An 1863 Albion press which Wace is hoping to sell (PW 24.10.84) remains in the company's foyer. 'It is in good condition and has all original pieces although there's a crown or brass dome missing,' says John Clegg, the company's· managing director.

'==

IIHATSIN A PICTURE?

EDITORSNOTE

pl'lotogreptty cen P"~ plcturM with gr•t artistic •rlt .no NSt,.tlc ..,...1: but aore ror.,HNly, the)- ere H • r•lleble ~tary record ot u• to ... ,. l'la¥ifll -,.clallst ln1•rNU, ..,,y of wl'llefl .,.. Kl.-.ce beMO. To .. t u,Js NM tor a c1•r docuaentar1 record the Mrlal OflOtog,.-, will ,_.. to ■ lnlal .. tN effects of at~rlc hat•, ¥lbrauon and ot ,,_ aircraft In flight, tlWM t.cton blllng coupleo witfl ..,.,., -11-sc■ l• iMgH tn all of ~lcil C...ine 10 reouc. 1-.ge quellt-, a,,1C1 tt•r■ tora .,... -tul,..s ot u• pflOtogr-"Y, Aerlel

,.,.,1'!9o

...,_..t

t._,...,,..,.,

Do you per h aps recall the last copy of we carried that exceu ~nt article by way of int;:od·. - . u.c i....'.&.onlo a.er- ~c:1 ·. Photography b Y Grant Thomson'1-h . • ~ .e P1~turc::; accompany that t· icl ine are came after . posted _we nad Your copy ! ! ! Blame th e post a&ain. 4

uMO In Mrlal photog,_,..y ar■ proceisMO to 91"• 11tghllr rioraal ln _., pictorial eppllcetlons, _,., ,,. ,-g• •■ live& INl!Nd, -~ ..:I •1111,Md •tft· during pl'"lntlfll to,,..,. • pl .. ,ng unllo,.. ,...,,It, Ptot ... lonel ■ lr•M.lr...,. Of'..,.IMtlons u-11, COl'ltac:t-prlnt ,,_,, NOaa a NOia for.troll tit. ,...11-. Ol'I MIIU,-n flec.tronlc c,hotoprl11t ■ rs. tMt aita.etically lldlt..... sud'I "dodttne· to • ..,.ry hlgh st.ndard ot conttol OMr , ... -,-,roduc:tlo,i Cequlvil9flt to UMllarp Malling tecMlquesl In a •tt ■ r of• t. MOClflds •poaure t'-t. Cu&tONrlly

cion,, .. , ,...,,_

tU"

tfWfl

ar■

•1•-

S.. ...,IJQtlona ot •rial ptot09rept11 and •lrbor,. electronic iaeg1til9 -t-. Qll tor • ,.t aore ri90tOUS eDP(oecft ,_,,,.,_ At en --■ple, the rae,ldly -,.n1111,. ., .. ot applied •rtal Cend Ntellltel ptotogreptl)' ,., r.-ote Ml"ISlr,g tor Mturel daencls tNt t,_ rlldlONtrlc P"GPertlff l~r-ent a set-title r.-nt -.cfl • • ,._togreptl ere altared .. llttl• poulbla, IO tNlt tNI _,.,tllftCIIIIII ti,tarpretar can eDP(eclata 1-,. effects that ar• aora related to tNI groutld, and not to Ille •laled ifttO •ttrlbutl"f .,, ~rent c....,.. ,,. ,.tlecU• to Mtur•I ,.._.,__ .-.,. In r•llt)' lt ls• ptw:nogreptllc artlfac:t ,,_t ,_. ~ tfte elterlld tonal ¥t1lUN, tor -.pla. b)' clodgir,g a ptli.t to .,. a '""lea ,icture" •

,...,,c.

..,,.1

•It"

There .,. ot ea,, .. .., lMt..-c..,_.. Mllfull ..,...,.tntlng with dodglr,g or tNI u.- of alectronlc ,._toprlnters to ~ ptot09raohy are ..-11a1. Wt ,, .... t:ecM ..... lllel'II ..-ohlld In ,._te NMl"I .,.. pro,ldl"9 aper• • ..._ to ..._ tNt tNI -,.et of rlldlONtrtc ttdalit)' 1'1 •rial pflo(ograptl)' ...,. to • llaltt I• ■JRd, .,.. tNlt strict coi,trol owe,- •potUre, proceAlrig end J'l"tl"I -.st Ille •,ectall1 .._,. a,aratll'll1 wJ.tll •ltl-..ctral llf'c,tog• •r8'1f\)' or ..... rlldl-tl')' Uftlled •Ith c:o■pUt.rs, to clta Just tlllO --■plN.

u, ,,_

-.,et ....,

,..,

G.H. n«NSON.

······•· ....

Top lett,

FRQ.4AN

Top

UN-CORRECTED PR. INT AERIALNEGATIVE.

r1g t,(recfuced) CONTACT PRINT PRODUCED ON A "MILLIG ELECTRONIC A-IOTOPRINTER" to obtain h d h s a ing comparable wiuns arp photograph mask· techniques. ing

Monois notjustthecheapoption'~ Have you noticed this paradox? As - -colour printing of good quality mes cheaper easier to produce altogether more accessible, -k-and-white is making a -eback. Prine buyers who once rejoiced in er using a monochrome picture en a full-colour one was · ble, and who seemed to tee! every printing unit has to be to the full, now deliberately s;,ccify b/w for certain pages and :cnain jobs. At long last b/w is :,eginning to be valued for its own sue and not treated merely as a - caper alternative to colour. B w halftones, unlike those '11 .:o our, do not make accompanying -exc printed in black look bsidiary. When you read a page fbody copy in, say, !Opt your eye 001 normally distracted by a b/w one ori the same page, whereas

if it were in colour it would appear to be demanding attention. A page which contains colour pictures and black text looks as if it is basically a page of pictures, the text seeming to be some added information or elaboration. A page which contains b/w pictures and black text looks basically a page of text, the pictures showing us what something referred to in the text looks or looked like. Text in any colour but black is difficult to take seriously and to read. So if you want to make it clear to a potential reader that he is expected to read the words, rather than just look at the pictures and treat the text as a sort of optional extra, print the pictures in black and white. If technology had produced fullcolour photographs and halftones without first making the b/w

counterparts, would there have been a later demand for b/w? I do not think so, but that is not the point. The media must serve society as it is, and the society of 1985 has a folk memory which associates b/w pictures with newspapers and with the days when full-colour illustrations were rare: with documentary material, with what is dramatic and exciting. Choose b/w, therefore, when you want to suggest that an illustration is evidence that something really happened, is part of a record of an event which challenges the imagination or the sense of wonder, or is history. Choose full colour to catch the eye and therefore possibly distract, or to impart prettiness and therefore possibly to dampen any excitement that would have been conveyed by the b/w equivalent.

SEE

OVER

I. •

AMb

I AMb Came the bi9 day when !7land we diacov•r•d that pass•d that way! Well, Re-buildin9 be9an in constructed first, to the within a modern, waterproof At this comparison

sta9e, with

the floor we were you can't

was taken not the first win ••mall!

up to

in one pi•c• have recently

a pit original

the summer of 1983, same dimensoins as the retainin9 wall.

Dec.'83, (6).

picture

makes

(8)

being but

interestin9

By June'84 the interior looked like (9). The panellin9, it is thought, may have come from the old house, sometime in the past. The roof was re-tiled with stone tiles, as it is likely that the those found at the time of dismantlin9 were of a later date than the original buildin9. The seating arrangements were restored as in (10>. This was mostly the original woodwork; and, Oh! Yes! I forgot to mention t~at this is a three seater loo! The seat on the right of the picture has a smaller opening, so that a child could use it in comparative safety. A cosy arrangement, with, no doubt, a fine view of the garden, through the windows facing the sitting occupants. <Ill shows the appearance of the finished bu1ld1ng, and, as a tinal flourish, there was an official opening ceremony 1n October '84 1 performed by Miss Mollie Harris <"Martha" of "The Archers", and also author o~ the recently published book "Cotswold Pr ivies"> jointly with Mr. Twi9g, of Portasilo <centre a r, d

r i

g t, t ,

l 2 ) •

Assisted b1/ two enthusiastic tor the occasion, Miss Harris et th• •r,ew• loo <13l.

members demonstrated

the t/'&

museum spacious

dressed luxury

(onclus1ons: thasa avant• do not happ&n overnight (but the a1991n9-out of •arth clos•t• did, in the past!) However, one must r••••b•r that ther• are usually several projects on the 90 at the sa■ • t1••• and pro9r••• with one or another is a aatter of e•pediency. One learn• a lot about the subject of a project, not. least cy virtue of the fact that it is likely that other s1 ■ 1lar ed1f1ces or constructions will b• visited during the cour•• of collecting further photographic 1nforaation for our records! but that 1s another story altog•th•r! A perfect reconstruction 1• al ■ ost impossible, but a ,ood result can De oDtained not only visually, but funct1onallyl the latter De1n9 a ■ est 1 ■ portant aspect of p~rpose of the auseu■, which 1s to preserve a record of ways of l1 ♦ e 1n the past, as well as oDJects fro■ the past. Hastoracall>, .. ter clo•et centur,, the anaaor ••~1cea

1t as 1nterest1n9 to ha• been around, 1n saae 0uts1•e earth 'closet Na• 1n c-n ~ .. , untal.-11

noto that, although the fora, since the 16th. preferre• to the vartoue anto the 19th. century.

/5.'

AMb

J-

,,..

AMb

•

. «l't.

subjectA Capo de Monte by moretti. Italy

Counter attack ◊NE-

OF London's ·oldest shops, tbe attractive mid-18th Century tobacco

to photogr

and snutr merchaot,, Fribourf and Treyer, in tlae Hay1111rketbas bet:ome the aubJed of a GU:: protection order.

British Atikins, Victoria

"nle ,hop, drawn for me by Geoffrey Fletcbe!', doled in 1981 becauae of ever-rlsini rents and

London

rates. When council officers inspec:ted it in June they were N appalled " tq find not only water coming through the roof, but also an outbreakof dr, ·rot. 11le .coundl'• historic 'balldlq1

recommended.that all the aho_.P's original fittinp be retained

panel

an:(l that the bow-fronted window,,

a particularlyfine feature - be full1 restored.

Not to be ,r&ifetl.,

AGOP

sold

£44,000.

Bought Public Li the Am one of·oD..I

to have was issu

October 1 Nine various the Briti tenth is I was dedi to Sir John ted the _ for the book. was famil •

Free vision may be atte~ empted by viuewing he page at arms length and crossing the eyes so that 3 images are seen by concentrating on the ALL important middle image.The all importsnt central "STEREO"should alone stand out. It may assist to cup the hands so as to cut out the periphery vision but not so much as to cut both pictures ••••••• Good luck,it doese~t work first time. but its a useful! trick to learn. More details will be given at the Conference.

OLOGYNOW The book was the bilh1L,bt of a photograph auction eh almost sold out at £162,153.An a work on album of Emerson's " Life and e by Anna Landscape on the Norfolk ·ttle-lmown Broads," 1886 went to entist, was Hirschowitz, the London dealer, . •· eby's in for £10,000. ·erday for ~e first book ted with

New York Hans Kraus, :ealer, is is pies ,believed The book parts from

already in including while a one, which Mrs Atkins who inven• process used hs in the by his

SURGE of interest in old cameras brought a total £40,000 at Christie's South Kensington sale of photographic equipm~nt yesterday and a surprise top price of £2,600. This bid by a British deal was -for a very early roll fil~ •amera of aholl't 1880 invented bya. Germ.m,' C. P. Stims, but'► marketed in America. As both , lens and b&9e were missin& i 1 was estimated at £200-£400. I

1-------.,,,,.----------.'

" 600 sso

£;'-, .

fO\\l

C,~~~ £44,000

VICTORIAN BOOK, By ALISONBECKET!' An Sales Correspondent

column by

VIEWPOINT, an Irregular Eric time I wrote,

The last

a medieval

about

m;y adventures

time everyone

up in their

will

not demonstrate

the same medieval battle~ama.ged

burial

skull

a small

a rinf;flash.

insects,

but produced

in colour

(or Manchester) fuse

I determined has proved

together

in a forward

causes curve.

This particular

of St.John

of Keith

at Pontefract,

Manchester's

to photograph

to a flaRhgun very useful shadow.for

The extreme

the Past.'

the condition

so I

'The

to cause the minimum of inconvenience

too much background

'Picturing

and

to look

D.Brothwell)

terms.

Priory

the cover

were much more successful,

use in my ·,alk

Hyperostosis

which eave us the now famous

which fastens

example).

readership

of opportunities

up Bones;

of medic¥

ground in fact

The gadget

medium distances.(see

(Digf,ing

in the medieval

is kept,

Skeletal

have had plenty

In order

gadget

my eager

a new gadget.

which adorns

•o museum in which it half

will

to i~orm

Idiopathic

using

my ignorance

of Disease.'

Rima-Blitz,

copy of Brothwell

example came from a grave

Archaeology

I promised

example of Diffuse

in snapping

By this it

Houlder.

close-ups

and several

using

and simulates in photographing a good record

which I took only

of them are in regular

If you do not have a copy of Brothwe.:. the bones of the spine

to gradually

In some excavations hav~ etooo

still.

w!.en n lnte

there

will

One of these

Rornano-Bri tish

kiln

occured

foot

·:,-,· "'"r"

at that.

rain

(see the spots

filter

to separate

yellow

cla_r.

contrast

Needless

w,.e macP,

110

that

the clear to say it

on the data-board)

Multigrade

outline

sectioned.

filter

of a human footprint;

began to rain

just

as the

taken

in the

hand held via a Cokin Green

with the footprint V was necessary

Of course,

which I was directing

was being

the nhoto,in-aph w~s actually

the brown soil

in the print.

on a site

or hearth

tne mt<ke-up of the base appeared a riirot

come moments when time ap?ears

a measured

in it

to achieve drawing

f~om the a reasonable

was made too!

A fossil find in the Wind the Carnegie Museum of Natu· River Basin, Wyoming, has ral History, Pittsburgh. yielded t,he remains of 65 " It's the best SO-million-year• ancient species of mammals, old gold mine/of fossils in the lizards, and frogs including world. Nothing else compares, what scientists believe is a corn• absolutely nothing," said Mr plete skull of the world'a Leonard Krishtalka, one of the earliest-known horse. scientists who discovered the - The site also contains remains . site at the. base of the Big Horn, of animals unknown to science, Mountains. 3:cc.or_ding to palaeontologists at ------

SKULLFOUND OF 'EARLIEST ~OWN . HORSE,.

During the last and cleaning

year,

thousands

our local

museum has been b11Sy collecting

of plate-negatives

donated by a local

profession

Stewart Clark ARPS who purchased a studio which had been in continuous use for nearly a century. Once the building was cleared, the local archaeological society was given permission to investigate the actual building

which turned

out to be a timber-framed

medieval house,

rather three of them, built separately and later linked t?gether. The cellars proved to be fascinating, and on two levels. Regrstably there was no access to the goldami the next door, but we did find thousand of boxed plates on the floor in two of the rooms. These had long ago been ruined by the damp striking up. M,y picture was taken with a 28mm lens (ViTitar) with electronic flash on auto. Strange, that whilst no serioua

archaeological

caaera,

we all

rely

cl•li••r• -.. goods,

photugrapher on auto-flash

too.

would dream of using an automatic in such situational

J.nd it

alvqa

22.

Archaeology & Heritage Group Exhibitions.

lie are holding three sepor.ate exhibitions ot photographs tllia year, in London,the Midlands, & in the North ot England. This should enable the 11ajori ty ot Olll' aembers to coae along & •ee SONthing ot the work of this Group. If you vant to submit your work £or consideration & ii you live in the South of England, you should cont;ict1 John SpeDCe 01-467 5325 Northern members can contact, Eric Houlder Pontefract (0977)· 702995 Exhibits ahould be 1110unted,& not larger than 20" x,,.16" iDCl\lding 1110unt,& ~ be either colour or 1110nocbrome. ..., Group SWIUllerExhibition - London. August 1985. Over two consecutive weekends at the Horni11&nMuseum, 100, London Jlo&d Forest Hill, London, SE2J. 3rd & 4th / 10th & 11th August, 1985. Group SW1111er ExhibitionDetail& of this

Yorkshire.

September 1985.

event from John Spence.

AUtWlll'l Exhibition - October 1985 Throughout the D10nthof October our Autumn exhibition vill be on display at the Avoncrott MuseWllof Buildings, Brougrove, Worcesterahire. Volounteers pleasel It you wuld like to help to man any of the exhibitions, pleue contact John Spence or Eric Houlder. Future Events, We vant to organise interesting things for the group to do. to make the arangemeuts for 1986, so it any of the 111embershave some good ideas about places vhere ve can go to photograph interesting things, please vrite & let me knov, then a start can be made to sort out the programme for next year. It

is not too soon to start

John 't'alden Progranune Secretary Archaeology & Heritage Group.

CRYSTAL PALACE FACILITIES As usual we have

all got

the

sports

around

w::..:.!. be

fac.iL ..tier.

that

side

things

a·..railabi~,

not

that

FOUR YEARS !

LA.:'E NIGHT F::LMSHOWS An unusual

programme

films

concerning

archaeology

ready

SEVERAL MAJOR LECTURES FROM OUR OWN EXPERTS ARE BOOKED and a full

programme

contributions very

welcome.

from

full

members

.Lnlerest on

their

asu- ..1.rcd,

last

"OWN" subject

LOOK FOR THE BOOKING FORM overleaf

•••..

minute will

~i::~~- ..

21 .,

.Brownonbrown-----------------1 with

Bored and

white

yesterday?

silver is

a and

first

the

gives

image

from

and

the

bleaching of

colourles

whi

sulphide

process.

potassium

dissolved

the a

from

coated

are

hypo

There permanganate)

water hypo

will in

soluble

do the

and

sodium

rem

the

ton:

not

the

two

This

metabisulphite

hydroch the

Sulphate

this

bleach,

does

tend

to_

removed

with

a di

easily

Leng

alternati

and

Using

Sodium

However,

straig

necessar

Firstly,

harmless.

paper.

things.

needed.

is matter.

become

(potassium

come

eliminator

DISCOOURAGED

will

materials

stain

lpha

ferricyanide

a different

potash

washing

thiosu

then,

Succes

when

resin papers

use

any

water.

mixture,

that,

,or ferricyan·

absence

mixture

This

based

water

solution

si lve

Tone!

hypo

NOT

convert

brown

paper

fibre

solution

very

lie

Sepia

s::ver

mixture

Reducer.

possible

prolonged

tone

man,

metal

the a

because

Farmers

but

happens

Permanganate

consider

print,

Removing washing

blac

brown

ver-e

bromide

nothing

will

then

presupposes

this

-forward,

harsh

soft

bleach

step,

those

:ea

posassium

hypo

with those

pr:

and

("hypo")

acid

up for

bleach

useof

the

vo:

white

This

recommended

("ferri"l ful

Fed

yearn

permanent.

Let the

g and

compound.

brown

toni

black

Ten

Sepia image

blue-blac

prints

(available

from

wine

shops) The image

Now

Sodium

down

school

text

books

Sulphide give

The

with

stable

sulphide-

the

convert

solution

very

not

hydrogen

chemistry

te 11

now

sulphate

silver

sodium

solution. eggs"

the"bad

blea sulp b

smell

use

Sulp

labs.

will

family

-not only because is very poisonous.

the

not smell,

DO NOT BE DISCOUREGED

thank but

!There

you

because

you

hydrogen

alternative

su _

BROWN ONBRmm -:ourea, although poiiisonous, does not smell and is used in __ smaller quantities. Use, then, a solution of thiorea and : oium Carbonate (washing soda) to tone your print, and that, :s the books tell us, is that. However, things are never that __ -ple. If we use tap water to prepare our solutions, Sodium :::rbonate willcause chalk in the water to form a layer on the :-·nt. If we try to wipe oft the chalk, then the emulsion, being s:, • t f r o m i mmer s ion in the Ca r bona t e so 1 u t ion can ea s i l y be :a aged. A quick rinse in dilute acetic acid (Stop bath) will ·e ove the chalk scale and remove the softness.

and

All mount

thats needed it ready foe

now is to exhibition.

dry

your

HERE THEN IS THE PROCEDURE..

:~LUTIONS REQUIRED. BLEACHSolutionA

Potassium

permanganate

Water to make .. Solution Water -~x 1 part

!Litre B Hydrochloric

Toning

to Water)

Solution Sg

1 Litre

Solution

Thiourea Potassium bromide Sodium Carbonate Water to make ..

-I

25.cc !Litre

Sodium Metabislphite water to make .. 3/

acid

to make ..

(Always add Acid carefully of A with 8 parts of B. Clearing

lOg 10g 1 Litre

ACID BATH Acetic Acid Water to make ..

20cc 1 Litre CONTINUEDPP

usual

,,,.

25:

·sROWN ONBROWN

Bleach the print in solution 1/. (freshly mixed) until: image disappears. Wash the print in water untill the pink c is gone. Rinse in Metabiisulphite solution to remove the stain and wash for two minutes in water. Immerse the in the toning solution untill the image no longer incre in density. Wash well with water, rinse in Acetic Acid solu and wash for 10 minutes. WEAR RUBBER GLOVES FOR THE WHOLEPROCESS.

Sec's

PROGRAt+1E "85"

report. You

may have noticed that the majority of place in and around LONDON. The Committee is aware that there is life Nort Watford. It you cannot get to any of the events, but feel there should be activities in your area,teel tree to con the group Secretary & he will try to put you in touch witr members who would like to come to the activity that you activities

take

arrange.

It you would like to arrange something but are q u i t e s u r e how , T h e c·o mmi t t e e w i 1 1 do i t s bes t t o he 1 p • Go on,arrange something & prove to the world that L is not its Centre,but that Your Town is.

AVISITHAS BEEN ARRANGED. On Sundar 12th May 1985. remains of the Gunpowder Mills at Tonbridge Kent. Smith,Kline and French Research, the owners of the s. have agreed to allow us to visit the remains of the Mills c. to the River Medway. These Mills have close associations Sir Humphrey Davy of miers lamp tame. This is an opportunity which only rarely occurs s. arrangements are necessarily complex. It you wish to come we will meet at Tonbridge Rai. Station 10.00am on Sunday 12th May. Please contact me it intend to come, or you may find yourself left behind. Jim Brown 27 Oakle Bromley.Kent. BR2 tel: 01-462-3264

To the

RESIDENTSTEA T~ME F_ri~_eyto TEA TIME Sund~y.all in ..

2.6. .

many of our groJtp members.re specialists IN THEIROWN FIELDOF PHOTOGRAPHY. THEREFOR WEHAVE ARRANGED A SPECIAL SP~INGCONFERENCE. By members, tor members with time to take advantage ot the ta~ilities the Crystal Palace Sports center and GROUNDS CZOO-dinasaurs & etc: l

Yes, I would like to be a residential to the next Group Members conference

delegate on May 31-June

1st & 2nd

CRYSTALPALACENATIONALSPORTS CENTER.NORWOOD.LONDON.S.E. ' MAY31st thro June 1st & 2nd 1985. opens 5.30pm for sherry Full programme Saturday Full

programme Sunday 2nd June through

ALL inclusive.FULL

programme & late film. time in the grounds)

friday evening.Full 1st June.(including

BOARDresidential

to app:

4.30pm for Tea.

(includes;Wine

etc:)

""UNDER£40"" For "DAY" delegates telephone Orpington (66) 23325 anytime. PLEASE use this

booking

VICTOR for

last

minute

details,on

form ..................................

,---------------------------1 !ES, Please

book MY place

on the

June Conference

I r want

to reserve my full residential I 3nd enclose remmittance £37.50 all in.

for

the weekend

I I

SIGNED....................................••..•...............

: OR I

would

to be assessec;I)

reserve

a DAY DELEGATE PLACE. (Lower

■ ._

required.please remmittance.

you.

Chairman

(& Editor)

12 Marlings ...,

I I

...____________ --·

IThank

price

SIGNED.......................................

IPlease note.where more than one place INUMBERREQUIRED. and enclose suitable

place

as above.

and Conference Co-ordinator. Victor.J.Heppelthwaite t\. Park Avenue.Chislehurst Kent.BR7 6 ,.

I I

---~

Back to "Balaruc" Back to "BALARUC" When I again return to Balaruc, it will llgain be by that inestimable French Rail, the touring man's treat, that surely beats all other forms of transport. Just to recline in true comfort and doze in the warm sun, or to sip the coffee express as it only can be found in France, or to chat quietly to a companion on the expected pleasures that the continent offers, all this while one is being whisked along at a heady pace, on tracks not of iron and steel, but unquestionably smooth as silk. But iron and steel they are and I refer not to the crack "T .G. V." but Coreil. Just as smooth are the late summer peaches, large by any standard and with that unmistakeable scent that tells you on the instant that it is ready for eating,sucCl•lent-tasty and v.ery satisfying, half of a "Baton" or "Whistle" C loaf) or if like me you enjoy the crisp crunchy crust, but insist on a little more brea;i content,then half a "Pain de Campaigne is enough to satisfy severdl large appetites. French rail thoughtfully provide you with a small flap down table, A-la Airline fashion, this comes equiped with instructions not on what to do in the event the wings drop off, but where to put the glass ( rack provided) and where to place the debri after you have enjoyed your repast, all very thoughtful for the next passenger taking your seat. Receiving tacit approval in this fashion for having about ones person the makings of a repast, including the obligitory bottle of what you fancy, bread a side salad including at least one of those gigantic ill treated looking, half green distorted misshappen thing called a tomate, Oh but the flavour, tomatoes will never be the same 8Qain. The British being brain washed into accepting those pappy small circular red things would probably not give these monstrosities a second look, until that is when they TRY them I Oh I they are so delicious, the more so with an ample sprinkling of the old "Sel-de Mer". All this goes on in the comfort of our seat, the repast spread out before like some ancient treasure to be gloated over. One of the nice things about travelling by French rail is the journeys can be of several hours duration, thus enabling one to indulge in several such "Repast" before final!y leaving the table, sorry,! mean seat.

the

Balaruc· seems like no other village, health spa, the village seems quite

except for visitors self-contained. The

ancient Roman spa is itself responsible for the gradual prosperity of the town over the centuries and yet it has not created that uncomfortable money concious feeling so evident in other similar situations. No Casino, no gaudy gift emporiums and no ice cream wrappers and coke cans & etc; Just the warm sun and an air of serenity and above all a feeling of- welcome. Maybe the tended shrubs, the neat curbs and small gardens were all just for the enjoyment of the local inhabitants, but it did make the visitor feel very much like wanting to make a longer stay, such was the sense of well being, which who knows, perhaps that is just what the Romans felt in 100 A.O. I tend to think I discovered this ancient village,in reality it hed been doing very nicely for the last 2000 years on its own,! came across it quite by accident by spotting what appeared to be a Roman arched window high up atop a crumbling wall, it was in fact the last standing wall of a once proud Roman building-now almost lost to sight behind the enormous local gas works and only just visible the very fast flowing main road that skirts the village. Leaving the car and approaching the gas-works on foot, these remarkable remains are soon lost to sight behind a high perimeter wall, but enough has been seen to whet the appetite for more and send one harrying back to the motor for a more intensive search of the area. TO BE CONTINUED

Avoiding

SOON.

Entitlement?

misunderstanding,

The Editing and publication of "PROOF"a news sheet for allmembers of the Archaeological & Heritage Group of the Royal Photographic Society.Bath •••• has to date been soley a one man effort-that of the Chairman. EVERY one who's name and address appears on the adhesive members address labels from Bath along with the computer list,receives a free copy.It a members news sheet,no more.News about members activities YOUR NEWS and INTERESTS.

ONCE AGAINWEHAVE DEREK MERFIELD ARPS. TO

is intended as and interests.

THANK FOR THIS PRINTING

OF THE JUNE "PROOF" CAT BARE COST l)

3 0.

31. CONT: FROM PAGE5

31.

Sta MARIA de BAYERO.Santander Province. from the South East

Sta MARIA de LEBENA. Santander Provioce.

Sta MARIA de YERMO. Santander Province. from the South

Arabian Conquest also

page

c..ont;

from

pp5

Arabian

Conquest

Sta MARIA de NARANCO. Oviedo Province. from the South West

----THE

IRREGULAR VERBTOSCHEDULE------

For ~ve~ a hundred years·· the pnnc1pal method of protectmg archaeological sites or ancient monuments has be co. ~o schedule them. But what 1sschedu,led,andwhy? ~re England's scheduled anc1ent •monuments a repre. sentattve sample of this country's archaeological heritage?

ARCHAEOLOGY DAVID MILES

These arc the questions asked by . sites -in Enpnd, and to assess A~ RaGlllft, whether the .protected sample was a survey rublish~ &y the Jospcc- ree~esentativc of the whole. . ~ Ancient Monuments . Smee 1980 the Inspectorate o .-tora~c earlier thJS,:car, and bequeathed to Ancient Monuments has bee ~ ·new Historic-.Buildings and transferring its century-old schedMonuments Commission. ule files onto computer. The results Then:. arc about 12,~ sc~have now been comp&Ndwith the .utcd an~1c9~monume!}IIm Btit8;in records held by the more youthf - pn:hJStoncbarrows, Roman vtl- County Sites and Mooumen las, deserted medieval villages ~ccords, h~ld in the County Couneven Battersea Power Station _: ctl Plannmg Departments, · ~hich have been given legal protec- museumsor occasionallyin Univertion because someone at some time Sites and Monumen believed them to be of historic sities. Records were _pioneeredin 1967 i~portaocc. But this trawling of the Oxford County Museum .~bacological sites has been subwhich now has so jective, influenced mostly by the Woodstock, 13,500 sites on file. Unfortunate whims of individualsand the vary- not all counties are covered ioa fuhioos of archaeological in- thoroughly - the Gloucestersh· terest. Until recently then: had Sites and Monuments Record r been no attempt to evaluate the example, only recently establish tot&!number and range of historic has·about one thousand of an cs mated seven thousand sites in files.

uat-1'•

Sta MARIA de YERMO. Santander Province. South Doorway

Gloucestershire, like a light - particularly from aerial number of the newer records, has photography - so the number of the advantage of being com- archaeological sites is probably putcrised. Many others havecopied between one and two million. the Oxfordshire system of punched On current estimates then the cards; more primitive records arc 12,600 scheduled sites represent a simply collections of filing cards. mere .2 per cent of those we know In spite of their obvious patchi- to exist - and the proportion is ness the County Sites and Monu- constantlr diminishing as schcdments Records represent the best uling fads to keep up with estimate of En&land's discoveries. archaeological resource: ancfbeing But what kinds of sites arc schedreccnt creations they also reflect ulcd? The new survey hifhliJhts developing archaeological in- some surprising anomalies. n Sites terests, rather than those of dee- and Monuments Records only 28 adcs ago. per cent of the sites arc prehistoric In 46 Enalish counties there arc m date. In contrast 61 per cent of over 300,000 historic ~itcs in the Scheduled Ancient Monuments are Sites and Monuments Records; but prehistoric. This is larJcly because informed opinf.o!puts the total of of a~ ~arly policy dccasion that all known sites a1;'O 600,000. New surv1v11~g barrows should ~ schcd~ncs arc cont inu . sly coming to ulcd.

This has left some -prehistoric sites out in the cold: a mere 0.1 per cent of Mesolithic sites arc scheduled because most of them arc known onl,Y from scatters of flintwork. Fmds~ts. as opposed to earthworks, buildings ana cropmarks, have not been subject to scheduling. Prehistoric fields have also been neglected, and anyone familiar with the BerkshireDowns knows how they have been scoured aw~y in the past 40 years. There are other anomalies. Over 11i,er. cent of recorded sites belong to the Roman period but lcu than 8 per cent of scheduled sites are Roman in date. However individual types of Roman sites arc well catered for: 63 per cent of am-

over

Enquiries should be made through the prints /slides should be accompanied address label and POSTAGE please.

appointed by suitable

Secretary return

OFFICERS OFCIJ+iITTEE CHAIRMAN & Editor

VICTOR.J.HEPPELTHWAITE ARPS 12 MARLINGSPARKAVENUE CHISLEHURST.KENT.BR7 6QW

C!J6s<r

Jim BROWN LRPS 27 OAKLEYRD.BROMLEY.KENT.

Hon Programme SECRETARY

V.John WALDON. 90 SHOOTERSHILL Rd BLACKHEATH.LONDON SE 3.

Hon TREASURER

John.E.PULLENGER 31 RUSTATRd.CAMBRIDGE.

Hon Technical adviser.

Brian TREMAINFRPS Chief photographer.British

Hon Exhibition SECRETARY

John SPENCELRPS 87 BLACKBROOK LANE BICKLEY.KENT.

1985/

ORPINGTON(66)2332

Deputy CHAIRMAN MARYMITCHELL 3 LORRAINECOURT.TALBOT RD. WEMBLEY.Middlx. Hon SECRETARY

all wrapp

01 902 097

0223-2473

Museum 01 467-532

MEMBERS OF COMMITTEE Simmons John Adams Anthony Hemy Arthur Page ARPS

Alex

All

enqui~

ies

should

Dr Vernon Harrison Hon FRPS Dr Mike Apted Chris Russell LRPS Tom Ward (Corresponding membe

be made tothe

appropriate

Secretar

phitbcatres are scheduled and 34 than one person allocated full time these reflect the increasing. comper cent of Roman forts, but only to them. The primitive methods of plexity and richness or our historic 2i per cent of Vici - the settle- data storage which predominate heritage. This must be a major ments outside Roman forts - and also mean that interrogating the ~riorit~ for the EnJlish Heritage probably far fewer Roman rural records is laborio111, and com- Commission at a woe when dcsettlements. ~ns are difficult. Computerisa- struction still conlioues apace En,Jand's An:haeoJosjcal Re- tion is essential if better use is to be Better protection, better prese soun:e not surprisinalY comes to made of them for local plannina tion and better excavation: Lo the conclusion that our ramshackle needs, national policy makina and Montape and his Eqllab Heri system of schedufu.tf DCcdsto be academic study. Comnussion have some bard-thin overhauled. To do this it is essential Better Sites and Monuments ing and some bard accounting that the database- the Sites and R~ mean more representative do. ·Monuments RccOidl - must be schcduJina. The aim is to quadf'!plc broupt up to scratch. Incredibly· the numticr or schcduJcd ancaent acknowledgP.ment seven Records exist with no full monuments over the next five years ~bil";lgdon Herald _l!Jl'C staff. and 20 more ~ ~ to about ·52.SOO and to .e~ that