PORTFOLIO Works by Rudo Koot
DOME HOUSE
PORTFOLIO
PROFESSIONAL
PROFESSIONAL
On the following pages you will find a selection of the projects that I have worked on in my professional career. This selection spans multiple firms, typologies and project sizes and is ordered chronologically starting with the most recent.
XML inbo
XML
XML
Function: Architecture Trainee Period: sept 2015 - dec 2015 Projects: Rocycle, Amsterdam At XML, a small international firm, I worked in depth on a limited number of projects. Of these projects, my time was mostly spent developing the Rocycle project from concept to construction detailing. In this process I was in charge of contact with suppliers of the building materials, the internal planning of the project, instructing colleagues that were enlisted to help at different stages, developing the general and detailed drawings in Autocad, attending meetings with the client contractors etc., supporting the firms partners on design decisions and other necessary aspects of getting the design built. Currently the Rocycle project is being built in Amsterdam and scheduled to be completed in february/march.
XML Concept A: Boxes
Interior Concepts and Diagrams
Concept B: Circular Lockerspace
XML
Concept C: Elements in space
Concept D: Diagonal Lobby
Based on these four concepts the design was transitioned from concept to development stage.
XML Model from VO phase The diagonal lobby was eventually scrapped due to cost restrictions and design efficiency.
XML Lobby VO phase Sections VO phase
Construction Drawings The rocycle project is a boutique fitness studio based on a the soulcycle concept which originates from New York.
XML
Aimed at high-end clientele looking for a mental and physical reprieve from their urban lifestyle the studio was originally planned to present itself with a diagonal lobby adroned with an Anodized Aluminum wall, creating a strong brand identity and projecting this to its surroundings. Due to cost restrictions the diagonal lobby was ultimately sacrificed for a rectangular lobby with “floating� objects and a retail zone.
XML
INBO
INBO
Function: Architecture Trainee Period: jan 2015 - jul 2015 Projects: ZOC Wonen, Zoetermeer, Geworteld Wonen, Rijswijk Kamelenspoor, Maarssenbroek Parkentree, Schiedam Hogeschool Utrecht, Utrecht At inbo, a large international office, I was involved in a number of projects and project phases. My primary duties were visualizing, developing designs and partaking in design discussions during the concept and develpment stages. I worked in differing teams and switched between a large number of projects as is custom at such a large office. During this period I interacted with many experienced architects, and functioned as a direct assistant to one of the partners of the firm exposing me to all aspects of the design and building process. On the following pages is a small selection of the large number of projects that I worked on at inbo.
INBO ZOC Wonen A residence for people, both young and old that need extended care due to disability. My primary role in the project was creating the visualizations and other supporting work.
INBO
INBO Perspective View Kamelenspoor
Perspective View Kamelenspoor
Kamelenspoor Residential project in Maarssenbroek, my role was the creation of the visualisations for the sale of the residences.
INBO Geworteld Wonen Residential project in Maarssenbroek, my role was the creation of the visualisations for the sale of the residences.
Perspective view
South Facade
Perspective View
Atrium
INBO
INBO
Parkentree, Schiedam A residential project in Schiedam, my task was developing the facades as well as creating visualisations.
INBO Main Hallway
Main Hallway ground floor
Redesign central Hall
INBO Library “study void”
Institute ISW
Institute ISW
INBO Main Hallway
Main Hallway ground floor
Redesign central Hall
INBO Library “study void�
Institute ISW Hoschool Utrecht, Padualaan
As part of the winning tender team for the interior redesign of the famous Mecanoo designed faculty at the Hogeschool Utrecht it was my role to assist the project architect with concept development, design decisions and visualisations.
3D floorplans of institute and library
PERSONAL
PERSONAL
On the following pages you will find a selection of projects that I have produced on my own title. A number of these stem from my studies, and are part research, part design. Others are competition entries developed in my free time alongside either studies or work, one project is a commissioned work.
VERTICAL DIET 3D VILLAGE M+ CAH VILENTUM LUSTHOF GLOBOS DOME HOUSE POROUS STRUCTURES UPGRADING BK CITY
VERTICAL DIET
What first intrigued us about the competition is its goal of exploring the new relationship between people and nature through vertical farming within an urban context. The longing of the urbanite to reconnect with nature in a way that suits the city lifestyle is one that we see all around us, however when push comes to shove we realised that we knew very little about our lifestyles impact on nature. In fact, we knew so little that our point of departure seemed obvious, we needed to figure out what the spatial implications are of our diet. So we asked ourself the question: “What impact does our diet have on nature, and how does this differ around the world?” A seemingly simple solution was to connect our diet to a real footprint, a term frequently referred to as “foodprint”. The subsequent results shocked us, not only the sheer amount of land that was necessary to sustain our diets, but even more so the fact that we and everyone we knew where completely unaware of this incredibly large foodprint. Thus an idea was born, what if our design could educate the local population about the spatial impact of their diet? What if we could develop a generic method of creating a building that is suitable for urban farming and residential use, that would become context specific by communicating the local diet to its environment?
VERTICAL DIET
Projecttype: Competition Location: Meatpacking district, NYC Year: spring 2015 Client: Architecture Workshop Rome Buildingtype: Higrise/Vertical Farm Size: 12,000 m2
VERTICAL DIET Info graphic local diets separated into dietary elements
We divided the foodprint into six main foodgroups (Meat, Dairy, Grains, Produce, Sugar & fat, and Other) and configured our design algorithm to divide the building according to the amount of space that these foodgroups occupied relative to the total volume. Because the building was now completely filled with production area we pulled the volumes apart to create large terraces were the few cows (only 4 who need 10 stories of feed production) could stand in pasture, with houses on the roofs and other buildings with different functions scattered amongst the other terraces. The first terrace is set against the highline, making the cow pastures and chicken coops part of the highline attraction. Walking through the pastures, visitors can take internal routes which allow them to explore the building and visit the “farming village� that is spread amongst the terraces. Essentially a quaint village is realized amongst the new york skyscrapers, revolving around an agrarian mode of existence but deeply connected to urbanity by the skyscraper typology, while at the same time clearly broadcasting the impact of the New York diet to the skyline.
VERTICAL DIET
Looking at the figures, we quickly saw that diet (much like architecture) is not only a problem of size, but also a problem of proportion. For example; The New York diet contains a large volume of meat, the amount of space that is necessary to produce this meat is almost 1/2 of the total building volume. Clearly meat is much less sustainable than for example grains which only took up a tenth of the space, this is what we needed to communicate!
Design Diagrams
Using our research results we developed a design algorithm that could tell us how many people we could feed using only the competition envelope, and that would produce a building based on the local diet. This algorithm calculated for us that within the given volume and using the New York diet as a basis we could only feed 16 people, which is significantly less than the number of people that would normally occupy such a space (based on Manhattan averages this would be about 40, including all the services that are also housed in a regular city district!). This meant that we either had to stretch the building envelope into excess of 200 meters or figure out an alternative approach of communicating diet.
London
Mogadishu
Shanghai
VERTICAL DIET
New York
Tower diagrams Height differences based on local diets
VERTICAL DIET Programme Diagram Site Impression tower next to the highline
VERTICAL DIET
VERTICAL DIET
Tower from Highline The materialisation of the tower is transparant by nature of its agricultural programme and its necessity for daylight. The glass is shaped and framed based on patterns reminiscent of “farm culture�
3D VILLAGE
3D VILLAGE
Projecttype: Research Location: Worldwide Year: 2014 Client: none Buildingtype: Village Size: 2,706,000 m2 This research project was initiated to discover the potential of adding extreme density to suburban areas while maintaining levels of quality that we expect in these areas. The result is a system for organising/ masterplanning a high density village into a 3-D structure, that has both a significant vertical as well as horizontal element. Within this system, several elements were developed on an architectural level to discover the problems and benefits that such a system would inherit. This project is the beginning of a broader discussion about densification, and the creation of quality in high-rise structures. As such, this project does not represent a finished architectural design, but rather a series of drawing meant to explore and inspire.
3D VILLAGE Design Sketches
System Development
The system was designed mostly in section, resulting in several sketches exploring the possibilities of stacking different sections.
The base unit in the system design was the residential unit. Since residences make up approximately 50 percent of the programme. An alternating pattern was used to reserve space between the residential modules to fit the other 50 percent of the programme.
3D VILLAGE
Design Sketches
System Development
As an architectural exercise, one of the sections was developed further into a plan for a residential module. Several ways of stacking residences were experimented with to create a residential module with maximum levels of quality.
After placing the entire programme of the 3D Village (both residential and other programme) a main street is introduced to enhance the feeling of being in a village. This route is accessed either through the elevator cores or by walking into the slanted modules which connect the street to the landscape.
3D VILLAGE Impression
System Benefits/Pitfalls
Through extreme densification, ground is released for other purposes. These can be agriculture, natural reclamation or other (sustainable) ground usage.
The most prominent benefit of the system is the fact that a lot of ground is released, and that the infrastructural network does not need to be as widespread. Problematic is the fact that there is an increase in traffic from the area due to the extremely high population.
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3D VILLAGE
Design Sketches
Densification Benefits/Pitfalls
An impression showing the way that the landscape flows underneath the system, reminiscent of the pilotes of le Corbusier this plan can be deemed an Unite d’ Habitacion on steroids.
Densifiaction as a strategy has a number of benefits, mostly relating to compactness, collectivity and efficiency of resources. The main drawbacks are the extremely high embodied energies of the structure as well as the enormous cost that is associated with a large amount of building material.
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3D VILLAGE Birdseye View
Park in the Sky Order of Construction
3D VILLAGE
Entrance to Residential Modile
Interior Residential Module
M+
HK+ stands for the ambitions set by the museum design task. Presenting an answer to the complex requirements of the museum, spanning from the need for an icon, the wish to be the leading Asian center for art, to being a museum for the people. Its inspiration stems from the dual logics of displaying art and urban embedding. The concept behind the museum itself is the idea of exposing the exposition in the urban environment. It focuses on reflecting the museums internal workings in its outside appearance, providing visitors a perspective on the art of curating. The means are glass boxes which provide selective views of the art displayed. The changing pieces inside these boxes reflect the nature of the exposition as a whole. Inherent to this system of exposing is the need for a “great hall� in which the curator is given complete freedom to design the means of exposing art. It is up to the curator to decide whether the art is experienced in an enfilade, a collection of rooms, or other as of yet undiscovered means of exposing. By lifting the great hall onto towers, the museum creates an open public space underneath its collection which is guaranteed never to be filled in. This is the designs gift to the city, an open space unlike anywhere else in the city.
M+
Projecttype: Competition Location: Hong Kong, China Year: spring 2013 Client: M+ Cultural Foundation Buildingtype: Museum Size: 60,000 m2
STORAGE STORAGE STORAGE STORAGE
STORAGE STORAGE STORAGE STORAGE
M+
exhibition exhibition exhibition exhibition exhibition
The museum is an extension of the nature and fabric of Hong Kong itself. However the logic is manipulated to form space that is in short supply within this fabric, public space.
STORAGE STORAGE
Design Diagrams
Strong horizontal and vertical elements represent Hong-Kong, as well as a programmatic division. The sculpted square below provides an open space that is rare in the rest of the city.
STORAGE STORAGE
M+
North Facade
exhibition exhibition exhibition
M+ Lateral Section
Exhibition Section
Exhibition Diagrams
Showing the conservation areas, art storage and main exhibition space and relationship between these spaces.
The true power of the exhibition hall lies in its adaptability. Rather than enforcing a certain means of displaying, the museum provides opportunities for the experimentation in the “art of curating�.
The versatility of the exhibition space comes from its uniform grid structure. A series of diagrams superimposes a fraction of the possibilities that such a space can offer the curator.
M+
Public Square
Floorplans
Library
Exhibition Education
Storage Storage
Exhibition
Storage
Workshop
Storage
Exhibition
Storage
Storage
Exhibition
Storage
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Ground Floor
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20m
Storage
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Exhibition Space beneath Hall
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M+
Library
Storage
Storage
Storage Storage
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Hall 1st Floor
Hall 2nd Floor
Roof
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20m
CAH VILENTUM
The client was interested in a conceptual design for their new faculty which is intended to be erected as part of the 2020 floriade in Almere. Their desire was that the design would reflect the schools green ambitions as well as a notion of flexibility, creating the idea that the building could grow or shrink over time. Besides this, the building would also need to function as an incubator and meeting zone for green businesses and education in food science. The design consists of a main volume in which the school is housed, the form is L-shaped with a raised corner to form an invitation for passerbys to explore the central courtyard of the building. Adjacent to this courtyard are several green businesses such as organic supermarkets, clothing stores which sell green and sustainable clothing. On top of this structure modular boxes are stacked, they all conform to a gridsize of 7.2 by 7.2 meters and can contain anything from offices to teaching spaces to laboratories. The roofs are conceptualized as green roofs, creating lush terraces where students and staff can relax away from the crowds of the Floriade.
CAH VILENTUM
Projecttype: Concept development and visualisation Location: Floriade, Almere Year: fall 2013 Client: Agrarian College Vilentum Buildingtype: School Size: 12,000 m2
CAH VILENTUM
CAH VILENTUM
Main Entrance The croner of the main entrance is lifted as a welcoming gesture towards the visitors of the 2020 Floriade. The central courtyard is the focus of the building programme, creating a meeting are for student, professional and visitor alike.
CAH VILENTUM
traffic routes across site
remove excess pixels
Design Diagrams
Perspective View Common Hall
lift corner to welcome access
pixelate volume into independent spaces
courtyard atrium for daylight and interaction
potentially glaze atrium for wintergarden
CAH VILENTUM Perspective view South Facade Perspective View Atrium
LUSTHOF
LUSTHOF
Project type: University Project Location: Rotterdam, The Netherlands Year: fall 2012 Client: city fictional Buildingtype: Eros centre Size: +/- 4000 m2 The Lusthof is one of thirty interventions aimed at re-invigorating the RDM dock in Rotterdam. The underlying idea of the Lusthof is that the site needs to attract economic activity in order for the proposed developments to become feasible. The erotic industry is one of the most profitable industries around the world, and Rotterdam is in desperate need of a new safe location to practice this industry after the closing of its previous red light district. Combining these ideas, our conclusion was that an Erotic centre that creates a safe working environment for sex workers, can at the same time perform as an economic motor for the area, drawing in crowds and money. The building concept revolves around placing prostitution in the middle of a busy environment while at the same time guaranteeing the workers privacy. This is expressed in the building both on the level of form as well as on the level of programme placement.
(FILM)
LUSTHOF Design Sketches
Section
Floor Plans
The design of the building was based on the routing of the public, and the need for creating routes for different elements of the public. These routes where the driving information behind the design script, determining the shape of the blobs.
The tension between the orthogonal “veil” and the sensual blobs was meant to create interesting an evocative spaces that reminisce of the clash of the hard reality of prostitution and the soft shapes of the workers in this industry.
The separation of the extremely public nature of the “ground” floor and the extremely private nature of the second floor is handled through the unobtrusive entrances placed in the corners, allowing potential customers to discreetly separate themselves from the masses.
LUSTHOF
LUSTHOF
LUSTHOF
Routing
Programmatic Placement
Using an algorithm based on point attractors and metaballs the routes literally shape the bulbous blobs.
The programme is separated into two parts, based on elevation. The first floor houses a public programme with shops, cafes and a floating market. The second floor contains the more adult elements of the programme, where the blobs shelter this area from public view.
Facades
Climate Diagrams
A point of interested based script guides the orientation of the panels that form the grid, guiding the eye of the viewer to the center of the Lusthof, away from the entrances to the prostitution areas.
The blobs are composed of inflatable cells which are filled with heated or cooled air depending on the exterior climate. Sheltered within these blobs there are atria which provide light, and relaxation spaces for the workers.
LUSTHOF Floating Market
Cafe
Lusthof at Night
LUSTHOF
Window Prostitution Area
“Experimental” Area
Sheltered Space for the Workers
GLOBOS
Globos de Barcelona (Balloons of Barcelona) is inspired by the joy and playfulness that Barcelona is known for. As a temporary structure in one of the most visited places in the world the goal was to provide an object that both functionally and aesthetically entices people to play. The concept is a rational, linear development of ideas that culminates into an unusual almost alien presence that at the same time feels very much at home within the micro climate of Moll de les Drassanes. The programme is split into its constituents which are each assigned a floor area in the form of a circle. The circles are grouped together based on their programmatic relationships, and then inflated into domes resulting in a highly efficient volume to facade ratio and a favorable shape for construction. The volumes are realised by stacking prefabricated, lacquered, laminated wooden elements that are polished to a highly reflective finish. The stacking in combination with the curvature of the facade results in an unusual reflective quality, not unlike the fun mirrors at a carnaval, that sparkle attractively at a distance and entice children to play with their reflections. Painted under the reflective layer is an intricate qeometric pattern that is reminiscent of the mosaic and the patterned structures that can be found all over the city.
GLOBOS
Projecttype: Competition Entry Location: Barcelona, Spain Year: fall 2015 Client: Architecture Workshop Rome Buildingtype: Pavillion Size: 500 m2
Expsotion space Open during the day and closed at night the exposition hall consists of a grid of different pedestals displaying object of local significance. The walls can be used for informative posters or 2D artwork.
GLOBOS Axonometry
Design Diagrams
Ocullii The ocullii can be opened and closed to provide fresh air and daylight as well as to protect from rain or noise pollution.
Wooden Ribs Laquered, laminated wooden ribs form pressure rings that are stacked in lightweight domes which distribute their load as evenly as possible to the underlying square. The wood is inscribed with geometric mathematical patterns.
Sanitary facilities Sanitary Facilities are conveniently located at the center of the pavillion, allowing for access from all spaces while being sheltered from unsavory elements.
Cafe + Restaurant/Nightclub A cafe and restaurant during the day, a discotheque at night. This dual functions allows for 24 hour occupance of the pavilion making it an unusual but welcome part of the Barcelona nightlife.
GLOBOS
7m 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
GLOBOS
North Elevation 7m 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
East Elevation 7m 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
South Elevation 7m 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
Siteview The design projected on the site, its placement balances the use of the square and provides a counterweight to the church present on site.
GLOBOS
Interior View The stacking of the rings gives the globes a distinctive appearance, reating pleasantly shaded urban caves that offer respite from the harsh Catalan sun.
Floorplan
GLOBOS
GLOBOS
Exterior
DOME HOUSE
The competition brief demanded that the design should reflect the idea of a retreat in nature, inherently implying a romantic notion of living with nature and the elements. The problem was the site. Located in Hokkaido, Japan, was a man-made field neatly parceled up into plots, the site’s natural component is in essence artificial. It clearly was not nature to retreat in. Why, would anyone who wants to retreat in nature go to this site. There are definitely much more beautiful places in other parts of the world, and even locally Hokkaido has much more to offer such as thermal springs, wooded areas with wildlife, and other natural sites. So, to challenge the artificial nature of the site we took artificiality one step further, we reject the idea that it is possible to retreat in real nature on this site, and we supplemented our own artificial nature here. The design essentially rejects the site. We proposed a sphere, partially lifted out of the ground, and made of stacked wooden bricks. This sphere has only two openings, a door and a ventilation hole. Other than this it has no holes, and from the inside the outside cannot be seen. The inside is a 360 degree led screen on which any location in the world can be projected, creating an artificial natural environment.
DOME HOUSE
Projecttype: Competition Location: Hokkaido, Japan Year: spring 2013 Client: LIXIL competition Buildingtype: Housing Size: 60 m2
DOME HOUSE
DOME HOUSE
Exterior The wooden blocks combined with the clunky staircase form a simple geometric composition that connects with its environment through its materialisation.
DOME HOUSE Design Concept
Design Sketches
By rejecting the idea of the site as nature, we opened a design direction that would prove unique. Letting the building project its own nature becomes a statement about man’s relationship with the outside space in an increasingly digital world.
The development of the section played a key role in the design process. Utilizing the compactness of the sphere a system was developed that is intended to perform almost autonomously.
Building projects its own nature
DOME HOUSE
Facade View The closed facade is entirely composed out of wood blocks, with one prominently features staircase which provides acces to the front door on snow free months.
DOME HOUSE Interior
Construction Concept
Project in Site
Deceptively low tech on the outside, the inside of the dome is a large projection screen that is controlled via an app. Users can project their favorite nature settings on the walls.
A simple grasshopper script was developed to simulate the stacking of blocks to create a pressure based dome structure intended to be constructed out of wooden blocks.
The most extreme of the projects realized on the site the, dome house follows the trend of the dominant roof, by becoming a roof for living in.
Meme Meadows Experimental House
Barn House 2012
Dome House 2013
DOME HOUSE
Axonometric Projection
Floorplans
Sections
The lopsided spherical shape is designed with compactness in mind. The recessed programme allows for an uninterrupted projection of nature on the walls.
Simplicity being key, the floorspace is divided into four sunken spaces leaving the dome completely free. Much of the basement space is used for the integrated water cycle, storing hot/cold and fresh water. The filtration system can also be accessed via the basement.
The climate system is based on a central woodstove augmented with a heat storage system. Implementing high-tech solutions in a seemingly low-tech building.
Openable skylight with heat collection panels Heat exchanger integrated inside Circular beam Stacked wooden panel Curved LED screen Glass bricks
Fire place
Glass bricks for water collection
water storage inside
POROUS STRUCTURES
This research project executed in cooperation with The Why Factory at the Faculty of Architecture in Delft was aimed at investigating the consequences of introducing porosity to tall buildings. Starting with a building envelope the approximate size of one of the late twin towers we systematically injected air through simple geometric transformations. The resulting geometries where then evaluated for several physical qualities such as terraces, views and sunlight, but also for the structural consequences of the transformations. By pixelating the geometry, and creating structural members along the edges of each pixel a 3-dimensional structural grid was created. Assuming sufficient foundation we could employ a finite element analysis on the created structure to see the deformation stresses that our interventions caused within the structure. Ultimately we wound up measuring 1300 different towers based on 13 different geometric operations.
(FILM)
POROUS STRUCTURES
Projecttype: Research Location: none Year: spring 2013 Client: none Buildingtype: Tower
POROUS STRUCTURES COST TERRACES BREAKING POINT CHEAPEST TERRACES
COST EFFICIENT TERRACES ZONE ALL PARAMETERS INCREASE SIGNIFICANTLY
POROUS STRUCTURES
KINETIC TOWER
ACTION
UPGRADING BK CITY
For this design I had the opportunity to work on a space that as an architecture student at the faculty of Architecture in Delft contains many memories. The studios of the faculty of architecture are currently plagued by climate issues such as drafts, overheating and interfering glare. To combat these issues, I proposed to remove the entire roof construction as it sits today and replace it with a buckminsterfulller inspired tubular structure. This tube is double skinned, contains adaptive systems, and composed almost entirely out of glass, both to let light in, and to provide students with a view of both the skyline of Delft and a close-up of the building details. The core of the design revolves around creating a high-tech adaptable skin that creates a pleasant internal climate that can be maintained sustainably, detailed information can be found in the article.
UPGRADING BK CITY
Project type: University Project Location: Delft, The Netherlands Year: spring 2013 Client: Faculty Buildingtype: Redesign Size: +/- 2000 m2
UPGRADING BK CITY
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UPGRADING BK CITY
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Analysis Diagrams
Section
The core attributes of the site, such as sun positions, prevalent wind direction and position of the current windowline were documented in diagram form.
Section showing the space resulting from the architectural/ technical solution. The extra space can be used to create seperate presentation areas or workspaces, and the visibility of the detailing forms a didactic experience for the students.
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PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
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UPGRADING BK CITY Facades
Exploded Detail
The two layers of the facades, showing system integration (solar panels, dynamic shading).
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UPGRADING BK CITY
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Interior Facade
Details
Visualisation
The interior provides a spectacular view of the surrounding area.
The system was designed to contain only 1 primary detail, allowing for a complex but still attainable detail.
Architecture follows technical design, as is reflected in the above visualisation. RVS Steel Beam Aluminium connection Rubber window insulation strip Aluminium profile (inside) Aluminium windowprofile (outside) Cap which clamps construction
on strip ide) e (outside) ruction
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Aluminium connection piece 25 mm threaded steel wire insulated screw well
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DOME HOUSE