Mag ryan dugdale

BUILDING INFORMATION MODELING & INTEGRATED PROJECT TEAM

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Contents 10

CASE STUDY - LEEDS ARENA

12 MULTIDISCIPLINARY BIM

4 INTRODUCTION 5 WHAT IS BIM?

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INTEGRATED PROJECT TEAM

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CASE STUDY - CROSSRAIL

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BIM IN THE POST CONSTRUCTION

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FUTURE OF BIM

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THE FUTURE OF BIM & THE INTEGRATED PROJECT TEAM

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CONCLUSION

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

7 THE BENEFITS OF BIM 8 LEVELS OF BIM 9 8 PILLARS OF BIM

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Introduction Building information modelling (BIM) is to acquire collaborate model with data outsets regarding the construction of a project that can be distributed between different members of the project team.

BIM is providing a digital regeneration due to the UK government pushing levels of building information modelling in the construction industry generating from 2D to 3D and to providing data for the construction. This enables a combination of process that are technology enabled that help to; understand the project, design and construction team communication and end user.

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What is BIM? The Government construction strategy is a documentation that was published in 2011. The documentation was set out from the Latham and Egan report set out in 1994 & 1998.

The construction strategy was set out to produce a value of collaboration though the entire life cycle of the building to be exchange or share 3D model with intelligence and structured data.

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rich information model, consisting of potentially multiple data sources, elements of which can be shared across all stakeholders and be maintained across the life of a building from inception to recycling'

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Building information modelling (BIM) is the use of a digital model that stores information and data that is shared collaboratively with relevant project meal. The data that BIM stores includes specifications, personnel, programs of the project, bill of quantities with costs and geometry.

government initiative ensured that all buildings and infrastructure, whether new or refurbished, should be captured and managed together to improve efficiency.

When TCO and BIM become a TEAM: Improving decision-making, increasing quality and lowering costs(2012) .

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THE BENEFITS OF BIM Building information modelling allows the design team to share information together earlier to allow the design process to proceed quicker.

This allows the early design decisions to be finetuned as potential future implications can be rationalised quicker.

BIM allows architects and engineers contractors and owners of the building to coordinate digitally design information and documentation can be used to enhance the aesthetics’ and analyse performance of a building.

Stanford university centre for integrated facilities angering (CIFE) have studied the benefits of BIM to all parties in the project team. The research founded the BIM can offer: - Up to 40% exclusion of unbudgeted changes - Up to 80% reduction in time from a quantity surveyor to provide an cost estimate.

- Costs estimations having an accuracy of 3% - Reduction in project time by 7% Other features BIM can provide is real time modelling with the impact of the building dynamics all stored online allowing all project team to access the model at any time.

The 2025 construction strategy was published in July 2013 by the government. This enabled long-term vision of how the construction industry can work together and be the leader of the global construction by achieving high-level targets that would enable us to create faster construction, on budget and taking into account sustainability while allowing an integrated project team to work collaboratively deliver the project on time.

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The maturity diagram highlights the levels of building information modelling.

Levels of BIM Level 0 – To produce 2D information usually computer aided design (CAD) with very little collaboration. This level doesn’t encourage multidiscipline building information modelling.

The bulk of the construction industry is beyond this stage.

Level 1 – to produce a variety of 2D / 3D information. Under BS 1192:2007 is the British standard for managing CAD information and data. Level 1 BIM is what most organisations are working at however no collaboration between disciplines are shared.

Level 2 – to produce 3D models that can be collaborative shared with other members of design team. The information via design enables all members of the project team to input information and data. These enables the federated BIM model to carry out checks.

This level is statutory standard by 2016 where the use of IFC (industry foundation class) or COBie (construction operations building information exchange) will be common in the construction industry.

Level 3 – is a fully collaborated BIM sharing a model between all discipline as a centralised source that all members of the integrated project team can work on simultaneously reducing any margin for error and copyright / liability issues.

Level 4… and beyond Level 4 BIM is under the development of collecting BIM data to be analyse time, cost and facilities management.

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8 Pillars of bim

The United Kingdom has governed a construction strategy setting targets to reduce carbon Emmons by 50%. Also stated that a representative minimum requirement for all projects by April 2016 for centrally procured pubic protects shall comply with BIM level 2.

The following represent the 8 pillars of BIM level 2 that highlight the process to archive a collaborative and information rich model that can complies with BIM level 2. · BS1192:2007 – Collaborative production of architectural angering and construction code of practice.

This documentation defines the collaboration between the integrated project team with numbering and templates that the information provided into the information rich model and be searched electronically. · PAS 1192-2:2013 – Specification for information management for the capital/ delivery phase of construction projects using building information modelling This documentation defines how the data is managed through the construction phase of the project by expanding on the compulsory documentation. · PAS 1192-3:2014 – Specification for information management for the operational phase of assists using building information modelling This documentation defines how the operation phase facilities the management in terms of construction information to provide a lifecycle model for the end user. · BS1192-4:2014 – Collaborative production of information This document sets out the stands for COBie (construction operation building exchanger) to format data.

· BIM Protocol To be BIM compliance a BIM protocol is a legal contract when working to BIM level 2. It is creates an employer’s responsibilities to the professional project services. · Government Soft Landings Government soft landings has been developed to provide a better outcome via the design stages and construction stage via building information modelling. · Classification The classification documentation complies with a classification called ‘uniclass’ this allows the data to be read accurately by external software systems and provides standardisation on all projects. · Digital Plan of Works The digital plan of work is important to set out what information is required in the lifecycle of the building.

Development of BIM is providing a lifecycle to assess the building to assess life expectancies of plant and maintenance elements embedded into the information rich model.

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CASE STUDY – LEEDS ARENA

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Efficiency of BIM

Client: Leeds city council Architects: Populous Contractor: BAM Structural Engineer: Tata Steel Location: Leeds City Centre Completion: February 2013 Capacity: 13,000 Introduction The site located at Arena Way in centre of Leeds provided difficult site access. This was a concern due to the project had a tight schedule and budget.

The construction was a 60million project with 13,500 capacity theatre, 4000m2 public space and 100 seat restaurant. The construction proposed is a steel frame structure with a double layered external envelope to provide reduction in sound.

The use of BIM implemented by the contractor BAM allowed collaboration to the design team to help reduce waste and increase efficiency through the design and construction phases.

The efficiency of building information modelling proven; · Effective design development saw an 8% reduction in material wastage. · Cost savings of £350,000 through clash detection. · Efficiency throughout the development process saved 15,000 hours across the whole design, contractor and supply chain team. · the improvement of site logistics – maximising plant utilisation, particularly crane orientation · facilitating and informing design development; and · improved co-ordination and management of the individual construction processes

collaborate with our clients and supply chain to select products and methods to reduce the use of raw materials. We also promote measures to recycle and minimise waste.

Graham Cash, BAM

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Cost of BIM – from contractor’s position.

BAM invest into building information management by upgrading computer system with hardware and software. In addition staff training was provided adding more cost into the investment of BIM. The overall investment for the project was in the region of £15,000.

The employees with the understanding of BIM improved there ability to review the design. This process enabled a signification costs saving of the overall project.

With the detection of clashes with in the model allowed BAM construction to distinguish hard and soft classes that were dealt with prior to construction. For example the software can detect two pieces of steel running into each other that would provide delay on site and time for the steel fabricator to solve.

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Cost savings from cash detection software With the investment of BIM of £15,000 is greatly offested from the clash detection alone at the pre constrctuon stage.

Efficiency during construction phase. · ‘Zero Harm’ strategy was used for BAM to As mentioned the site has a difficult site entrance with reduce any potential risks to any personal on site. large plant and materials to be getting delivered to The aim of this strategy is to provide an accident site. free environment The use of BIM enabled BAM construction to · The use of software allows an virtually coordinate on site plan reduce plant movement where construction program to so the stages of possible. construction to give change for any re-engineered · Using on site crane operation allowed the segments of the building, reduce any safety optimum utilisation of the cranes on site. This would aspects, plan materials and minimise the need to identify lifting positions on the site enabling ‘crane be working at height. zones’ to be established with delivery points to reduce · Journey planning to site and plan on site movement of the crane almost to a fixed position. allowed an electronic meetings to be held reducing · ‘Zero Harm’ strategy was used for BAM to reduce the need to visit site. any potential risks to any personal on site. The aim of this strategy is to provide an accident free ‘This reduced the distance travelled by 60,000 environment miles hence lowering the associated carbon emissions by approximately 20 tonnes.’

Using BIM at the construction phase has shown the efficiency provide onsite reducing cost and energy to produce more accurate construction cost and reduction in emissions on site.

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Multidisciplinary BIM This coordinated method outlines and applies intellectual connections between the elements of the building model leading to more rationalized process that alerts clashes to be highlighted with in the 3D model reducing any potential errors during the construction stage. This reduces cost and time with in the project.

Multidisciplinary BIM is a process that allows the ease of access and co-ordination to the project team. This allows project team to be in more controlled situation and able to manage the project with more ease by allowing information to be inserted and delivered though out the project and life cycle of the building.

The collaborative environment of BIM due to the capability to allow multi-disciplinary professionals to have most updated drawings and embedded information though the model. This is a move in the construction industry from previously issuing 2D drawings and documentation.

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Integrated Project Team (ITP) The interest shown in the construction industry with integration and collaboration between the project team was brought into fashion by the Latham and Egan reports than enhanced the needs for the approach.

The integrated project team is a connection between the stakeholders such as client and project manager. The connection with the integrated supply team (client, designers, structural engineers, mechanical and electrical engineers) with addition of suppliers and contractors to assist with information.

The integrated project team provide is to provide a streamline construction process by bringing core client requirements managed by the project manager bringing all clients team and support and supply teams skills together to work to current legislation and archive stakeholders requirements.

The integrated project team work on a trust and honesty policy with good relationships to solve problems and risks.

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CASE STUDY – CROSS RAIL Efficiency of BIM

Client: Crossrail Consulting Engineers: Atkins Design Team Location: London Work Commencing: Current Introduction Building information modelling sets out and clear project assessment and communication through the integrated project team by archiving efficacy, time saving and cost saving.

Crossrail is an 2billion pound construction program that has been set out to service 37 train stations in London.

Main stations such as; Great Eastern, Great Western and North Kent will connect to central London. This will reduce congestion and journey times as an estimated 1.5 million passengers with an 45 min distance will be commuting to central London.

Benefits to the project team Under the government’s strategy requiring the construction industry to produce BIM projects on government funded projects by April 2016.

Using BIM created a virtual Crossrail, this provided a change for provide a review with the client.

The virtual model helps to reduce any potential risks by giving a greater visibility into the detail design and construction interface.

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Negatives to the project team There is numerous building information modelling This also helps the Project team to reduce any design software available. The most popular potential clashes in the federated model software that architectural practices are using are; providing more efficient design. This also ¡ ArchiCAD by nemetechek provides effectiveness between parties by keeping the most up to date information in one a ¡ Revit by Autodesk ¡ MicroStation by Bentley centralised model. In addition, can provide a These all provide good benefits and features but all better safety aspect to the construction by have the same limitation and that is the cost. understanding the construction though 3D The project team usually work on the same BIM elements. platform to enable ease of collaboratively. The The benefits from a Quantity Surveyor aspect investment to the software is expensive with the through the class detection provides an additional cost of employee training. reduction in contingency's for unforeseen coordination.

Leading on to the project manager can identify data management in one centralised source reducing duplications or working to old drawings.

The increase of co-ordination provides an faster construction program and reduction of cost.

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BIM in the post construction The BIM model contains information regarding the facility of the building through the design process. The benefits of the BIM model at the pre-construction phase the data is transferred into the facility management operations that includes of maintenance to plant, lighting or alternatives.

Using the federated BIM model by similarly clicking on the element that needs to be maintain brings up all information about the product. This provides benefits to the project team ( i.e stakeholders, designers, constructors and facility managers)

Future of BIM The future of building information modelling in the construction industry is providing a digital federated modal leading to long term facility management at BIM level 4 & beyond.

NBS used a survey to measure how organisations future use of BIM will be embraced.

Table above highlights 95% of uses will be using BIM in 5 years’ time. Under the Governments construction 2025 strategy aim is to target lower costs, faster delivery, lower emissions and improvements in exports to the United Kingdom construction industry to be the leader in construction.

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The future of BIM and the integrated project team The future of BIM with in the integrated project team is becoming a buzz word with in the industry with a demand from clients to have a building information model.

The integration with in the project team is something that has been around for years with collaboration between parties to issue data and information to co-ordinate as a 2D and email basis. This process is becoming move developed with the future interaction between the project team is been structured under the BIM solutions from the level 1-4+ discussed provide more details data and information to be in putted into the model.

To the future of the project team the government has driving BIM with a plan under 2025 strategy.

BIM awareness under a survey taken by NBS highlights the awareness and usage of building information modelling. the increase of awareness and current use of BIM has improved since 2010 showing an 35% increase of users.

In 2010 43% of practises weren’t aware of BIM. In 2014 only 5% weren't aware of building information modelling. The future of BIM is coming more and more popular due to the awareness of the benefits.

The managing of multidisciplinary BIM with in the project team is to prevent mistakes within the construction model.

When approaching level 3 the project is hosted with a cloud or server basis where all project team can input data and information to a central host.

With any changes to the building element notifies other project team members to identify clashes or other elements that may not allow the proposals to comply with legislation.

ADD QUOTE The benefits of this allows an open data making it easy to distribute data and prevents the changes of mistakes and allows all parties to be working to the current drawings/model.

ADD QUOTE ADD QUOTE ADD QUOTE ADD QUOTE

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Conclusion The impact on the construction industry for the demand for building information modelling from a client’s benefit is becoming more and more attractive.

The requirement for a low cost construction but the increase with productivity with emerging a sustainable low carbon design is how the Government strategies are aiming to archive.

With building information modelling the integrated project team approach on the behaviour off the strategy’s is to improve professional management via collaboration between parties and to improve client relationship.

The early design and preconstruction stages of the project are the most critical stages due to the design decisions and project team collaboration features. The applications of BIM provide ease of estimating, site co-ordination and constructability analysis using the BIM models the project team can provide a more detail construction sequenced plan of operations through the project. This is improving co-ordination to site and to the team improving customer and client relationships.

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Websites

Case study: Achieving resource efficiency though BIM (no date) Available at: http://www.wrap.org.uk/sites/files/wrap/ Leeds_Arena_FINAL.pdf (Accessed: 15 November 2016).

Corporation, T.S. (2016) Overview of BIM in the UK. Available at: https://campus.tekla.com/overview-bim-uk (Accessed: 15 November 2016).

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Inc, A. (2016) What is BIM | building information modeling.

Available at: http://www.autodesk.com/solutions/bim/overview (Accessed: 15 November 2016).

Leeds arena case study (2013) Available at: http:// sustainability.bam.co.uk/perch/resources/leeds-arena-casestudy-2.pdf (Accessed: 15 November 2016).

NBS (2016) BIM levels explained. Available at: https:// www.thenbs.com/knowledge/bim-levels-explained (Accessed: 15 November 2016).

NEW DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES BENEFITS FOR THE PROJECT TEAM AND FUTURE USERS (2016) Available at: http://www.eic-federation.eu/media/uploads/ ga_berlin_2016/5_ramboll_riemann_ostenfeld_eic_2016.pdf (Accessed: 15 November 2016).

Policy, B.R.P. (2016) UKBIMLevel 2. Available at: http:// bimregions.co.uk/resources/ukbim-level-2/ (Accessed: 15 November 2016).

Trench, S. (no date) Stephen trench building information Modelling case study image 1: Crossrail BIM railway station model. Available at: https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/w/ images/1/11/ (BIM)_Building_Information_Modelling_Case_Study_Stephen_Trench_.pdf (Accessed: 15 November 2016).

Cross Rail Case Study Available at: http:// www.atkinsglobal.co.uk/~/media/Files/A/Atkins-Corporate/ middle-east/sectors-documents/information-communications/ library-docs/case-studies/crossrail-bored-tunnels-casestudy.pdf (Accessed: 15 November 2016).

Books Eastman, C., Teicholz, P.M., Sacks, R. and Liston, K. (2008) BIM handbook: A guide to building information modeling for owners, managers, designers, engineers, and contractors. Chichester, United Kingdom: John Wiley & Sons.

Kensek, K.M., Noble, D.J. and IVONNE, P. (2014) Building information modeling: BIM in current and future practice. United States: John Wiley & Sons.

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Borrmann, A. and Arayici, Y. (2012) ‘Research articles 1 BIM-Based life-cycle management for reinforced concrete buildings 55 building information Modelling (BIM) for facilities management (FM): The Mediacity case study approach internatIonal journal of 3-D informatIon moDelIng’, International Journal of 3-D Information Modeling, 1(11), pp. 55–73.

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When TCO and BIM become a TEAM: Improving decision-making, increasing quality and lowering costs(2012) .

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