Operational Carbon | Energy Generation

Photovoltaic Energy Generation

PV cells convert sunlight into DC energy through the photovoltaic effect. Optimal orientation is essential for maximising sunlight input. In the northern hemisphere, panels should face south to receive the most sunlight throughout the day as the sun moves from east to west.

DC electricity from the solar panels is converted to AC using an inverter. The inverter connects to the main electrical panel, distributing electricity throughout the building to lighting systems and electrical inputs.

PV panels are the best way to generate sustainable onsite energy, powering lighting, appliances, and HVAC systems. UK statistics show that households with solar panels can reduce carbon emissions by 1.3 - 1.6 tonnes annually by sending surplus energy back to the grid.

Solar CO2 Emissions Comparison

Once DC energy is converted to AC and sent to the mains electrical panel, it can be distributed to lighting fixtures via electrical wires. LED lighting reduces energy consumption, enhancing overall building efficiency and reducing the energy load.

4. Outsourcing to Grid

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Excess energy from solar panels can be sent back to the grid, offsetting building energy costs and creating a fully renewable onsite energy system for lighting and appliances. This, combined with a negative embodied strategy, can result in a carbon-negative structures.