horizonti Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis socialur da politikur mecnierebaTa fakultetis Jurnalistikis mimarTulebis saswavlo gazeTi #2 19 noemberi, 2015
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politika
19 noemberi
saqarTvelo adamianis uflebebis sadarajoze
29 oqtombers gaeros generaluri asambleis plenaruli sxdoma gaimarTa, sadac saqarTvelo gaeros adamianis uflebaTa sabWos wevrad airCies. saqarTvelo danarCen 46 qveyanasTan erTad ori wlis ganmavlobaSi msoflios masStabiT adamianis uflebebs daicavs, reagirebas moaxdens darRvevebze da gascems Sesabamis rekomendaciebs. politikosebisa da arasamTavrobo organizaciebis gancxadebiT, adamianis uflebaTa sabWos wevroba qveynisaTvis prestiJi da, amavdroulad, didi pasuxismgeblobaa. saqarTvelo Tavisi movaleobis Sesrulebas 2016 wlidan daiwyebs. saqarTvelosaTvis 29 oqtomberi gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovani iyo, radgan qveyana am dRes, gaerTianebuli erebis organizaciis plenarul sxdomaze, 177 xmiT airCies adamianis uflebaTa sabWos wevrad. sul, regionuli principiT, 18 adgili iyo gamoyofili, aRmosavleT evropisaTvis gankuTvnili ori vakanturi adgilidan ki erTi saqarTvelos xvda wilad, xolo meore - germanias. Sesabamisad, 2016 wlidan gaeros ganaxlebuli sabWo msoflios masStabiT adamianis uflebebis dacvas Seudgeba. ganviTarebis procesSi myofi qveynisaTvis aseTi gaerTianebis wevroba iZleva saSualebas, miRweul iqnas meti progresi da aRmoifxvras xarvezebi. “qarTuli ocneba - demokratiuli saqarTvelos” wevri da parlamentari, zaza papuaSvili aRniSnavs, rom “sabWoSi gaerTianebis Semdeg, problemebi, rac sxva saxelmwifoebs awuxebs adamianis uflebebis kuTxiT, Cveni problemacaa. Cven
im saxelmwifoebs Soris varT, romlebic problemaTa ganxilvis procesisa da moqmedebis epicentrSi imyofebian”. misi TqmiT, adamianis uflebaTa sabWos wevroba prioritetulic aris, radgan msoflio gaicnobs saqarTvelos kulturas, istorias, memkvidreobas da qveyana civilizebuli samyaros nawili gaxdeba. pasuxismgeblobebi is sakiTxia, romelic gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania qveynis prestiJulobis asamaRleblad da dasacavad. vinaidan, adamianis uflebaTa sabWos wevri qveynis erT-erTi movaleoba rekomendaciebis gacemaa, saxelmwifos, adamianis uflebebis dacvis mxriv, naklebad unda hqondes problemebi, raTa sxvisTvis SeZlos miTiTebebis micema. “adamianis uflebaTa centris” monacemebiT, saqarTvelom bolo wlebSi mniSvnelovani progresi ganicada, adamianis uflebebis dacvis xarisxma aiwia, Tumca rigi sferoebi gansakuTrebiT problemurad miiCneva. centris 2014 wlis angariSis Tanaxmad, saqarTvelos xelisuflebas evaleba gamoiZios mahmadiani moqalaqeebis uflebebis darRvevasTan dakavSirebuli ramdenime incidenti, Seqmnas meqanizmi, raTa gamoiZion msjavrdebulTa mimarT araadamianuri mopyrobis faqtebi, yuradReba miaqcios kanonmdeblobaSi ganmtkicebuli adamianis uflebebis dacvis saSualebebis aRsrulebasa da a.S. saqarTveloc, iseve rogorc qveynebi, romelTac Seamowmebs is, araerTi gamowvevis winaSe dgas. “rodesac qveyana am sabWos wevria,
a x a l i ,,islamuri saxelmwifos” morigi muqara
marTebs, ufro metad iyos adamianis uflebebis dasacavad momarTuli. rodesac sxvas miuTiTeb ama Tu im problemis gamosworebis saWiroebaze, igive problemebi ar unda gqondes Sensave qveyanaSi” - aRniSnavs Tbilisis “adamianis uflebaTa saxlis” gamgeobis Tavmjdomare, nino elbaqiZe. misi TqmiT, adamianis uflebaTa sabWos wevri saxelmwifo ufro mkacrad unda reagirebdes adamianis uflebebis darRvevebis faqtebze. Sesabamisad, saqarTvelos mouwevs gaamkacros kontrolis meqanizmebi, maT Soris isini, romlebic “adamianis uflebaTa centris” 2014 wlis angariSSi aris miTiTebuli. “kargia gaeros adamianis uflebaTa sabWos wevroba, oRond mTavaria, es wevroba saTanadod gamoviyenoT, rac qveyanaSi adamianis uflebebis dacvis gaumjobesebaze unda aisaxos” - acxadebs “adamianis uflebaTa centris” warmomadgeneli, nino tlaSaZe. gaeros adamianis uflebaTa sabWos wevrad saqarTvelos arCevis erT-erTi mizezi misi winsvlaa adamianis uflebebis dacvis kuTxiT. miuxedavad xarvezebisa, romlebic msoflios nebismier qveyanaSi arsebobs da bolomde aRmofxvra ver xerxdeba, 90-iani wlebidan dRemde, progresi SesamCnevia. rogorc saqarTvelos saxalxo damcveli, uCa nanuaSvili, aRniSnavs, “gaerTianebuli erebis organizaciaSi miRebuli gadawyvetileba dakavSirebulia qveyanaSi, adamianis uflebebis gaumjobesebis kuTxiT gadadgmul nabijebTan”. Tumca, igi xazs usvams imasac, rom saqarTvelom saSinao da sagareo politikaSi ufro meti prioriteti unda mianiWos adamianis uflebebs. saxelmwifosTan erTad, adamianis uflebebis dacvaSi sazogadoebac aqtiurad aris CarTuli. darRvevis faqtebis nawili SesaZloa saxelmwifosgan modiodes, rodesac saqme gvaqvs Zaladobriv reJimTan da politikur represiebTan, xolo meore nawili sazogadoebis politikuri, samarTlebrivi kulturidan iRebs saTaves. “upirveles yovlisa, saxelmwifo institutebi unda iyos adamianis uflebebis dacvis garanti. Tumca es, didwilad, sazogadoebis politikur kulturazec aris damokidebuli, anu ramdenad Zvirfasia mosaxleobisaTvis adamianis uflebebisa da demokratiis ZiriTadi principebis dacva” - acxadebs politikis mecnierebis mkvlevari, mixeil SavTvalaZe. demokratia marTlac gulisxmobs adamianis uzenaes Rirebulebad aRiarebas da
2
ani mesxi TamTa WrikiSvili
a m b e b i
uSiSroebis sabWos sxdoma 4 dekembers gaimarTeba
saqarTvelos erovnuli uSiSroebis sabWos sxdoma 4 dekembers, 16:00 saaTze, saqarTvelos prezidentis rezidenciaSi gaimarTeba. amis Sesaxeb informacias saqarTvelos erovnuli uSiSroebis sabWo avrcelebs. uSiSorebis sabWos aparatis informaciiT, sxdomaze, uSiSroebis sabWos 23 seqtembris gadawyvetilebis Tanaxmad, ganixileba erToblivi muSaobis Sedegad gamovlenili safrTxeebis sapasuxo qmedebebi da Tav“islamurma saxelmwifom” parizis terdacvis organizebis sferoSi dagegmili RonisZiebebi. aqtebTan dakavSirebiT axali videorerovnuli uSiSroebis sabWos sxdomaze monawileogoli gaavrcela da safrangeTsa da niu-iorks morigi teraqtiT daemuqra. bis misaRebad miwveulni arian sabWos mudmivi wevrebi. videomasalaSi “islamuri saxelmwifos” frangulenovani wevrebi acxadeben, rom isini parizze Tavdasxmebs kvlav ganaxorcieleben. frangulenovani islamistebis TqmiT, maT parizis teraqtebi im tanjvis sapasuxod ganaxorcieles, romelic safrangeTma muslimebs miayena. maT aseve, safrangeTSi mcxovreb muslimebs “moTminebisken” mouwodes. meore videorgolSi ,,islamuri saxelmwifos” morigi samizne Taims-sqveri da herald-sqveri gaxdeba. islamistebis muqarebs aSS-Si pirveli Sefasebebi mohyva. aSS-is gamoZiebaTa federaluri biuroSi ganacxades, rom uwyeba niu-iorkis policiasTan da sxva samarTaldamcav organoebTan koordinirebulad moqmedebs mosaxleobis usafrTxoebis uzrunvelsayofad da safrTxeebis Sesaxeb yvela informacias amowmebs.
misi uflebebis dacvas, dawyebuli fundamenturi uflebebidan, rogorebicaa sicocxlisa da Tavisuflebis ufleba, damTavrebuli Sekrebisa da manifestaciebis mowyobis uflebiT. ,,fridom hausis’’ 2015 wlis monacemebiT, saqarTvelo naxevrad Tavisufali qveynebis kategoriaSi gadis. amave organizaciis ukanasknel angariSSi, kavkasiis regionSi gamoyofilia saqarTvelo, rogorc qveyana, romelic icavs adamianis uflebebs da mezobel saxelmwifoebze swrafad gadis demokratizaciis safexurebs. msoflio auditis informaciiT ki, demokratiis xarisxis kuTxiT, saqarTvelo 150 qveyanas Soris 44-e adgils ikavebs, globaluri demokratiuli reitingis Tanaxmad ki saqarTvelo miCneulia saSualod demokratiul qveynad, rac regionSi mowinave pozicias niSnavs. demokratiulobis xarisxis zrda ukavSirdeba adamianis uflebebis dacvis gamkacrebas, rac gaeros adamianis uflebaTa sabWoSi adgilis dakavebas met mniSvnelobas aniWebs. “sabWos wevroba Zalian mniSvnelovania. es niSnavs, adamianis uflebebis dacvis met garantias qveynis SigniT da pasuxismgeblobas qveynis gareT” - acxadebs parlamentari, “erTiani nacionaluri moZraobis’’ wevri, giorgi vaSaZe. misi TqmiT, saqarTvelos eZleva SesaZlebloba adamianis uflebebis axali standartebis SedgenaSi miiRos monawileoba, informacia hqondes axal problemebsa da gamowvevebze, rac Seqmnis demokratiuli institutebis gaZlierebis SesaZleblobas. saqarTvelos sagareo saqmeTa saministros gancxadebiT, adamianis uflebaTa sabWos wevroba mianiSnebs saqarTvelos xelisuflebis Zalisxmevaze, gaaZlieros adamianis uflebebis dacva qveyanaSi da es faqti mTeli sazogadoebisTvis mniSvnelovan movlenad miiCneva. 2016-2018 wlebSi saqarTvelos mouwevs aqtiurad CaerTos uflebadacviT RonisZiebebSi, Seiswalos sxvadasxva problema da sabWos wevr 46 saxelmwifosTan erTad moZebnos maTi gadaWris gzebi, gasces Sesabamisi rekomendaciebi, romelsac aqamde Tavad iRebda winamorbedebisgan.
mTavari prokurorobis kandidatebi wardgenilia
18 noembers Tea wulukianma saprokuroro sabWos mTavari prokurorobis kandidatebad vladimer gabriCiZe, nana revaziSvili da irakli SoTaZe warudgina. dRes, saprokuroro sabWos formatSi, samive kandidats gaesaubrebian, ris Semdegac faruli kenWisyris wesiT arCevnebi gaimarTeba. saprokuroro sabWo TiToeul kandidats cal-calke uyris kenWs. mTavari prokurorobis kandidati gaxdeba is, vinc xmaTa 2/3-s daagrovebs. amgvarad, damtkicebul kandidats, saprokuroro sabWos saxeliT, iusticiis ministri mTavrobas warudgens. mTavrobis Tanxmobis SemTxvevaSi, kandidati saboloo arCevnebisTvis parlaments waredgineba. mTavari prokurorobis kandidatis wardgenisa da arCevis procesSi samoqalaqo sazogadoebis, saprokuroro sabWos, aRmasrulebeli da sakanonmdeblo xelisuflebis CarTuloba prokuraturis reformis nawilia.
horizonti
19 noemberi
politika
“gazpromi”-politikuri dapirispireba Tu realuri safrTxe saqarTvelos energetikis ministri, kaxa kalaZe, „gazpromis“ xelmZRvanels, aleqsei milers ramdenjerme ukve Sexvda. molaparakebebi qarTul da rusul mxareebs Soris am dromde mimdinareobs. samomavlo gegmebze zusti gancxadebebi ki jer ar gakeTebula. aRniSnul Temaze xSirad saubroben rogorc saparlamento umravlesobis, agreTve umciresobis wevrebi. fraqcia „nacionaluri moZraobis“ warmomadgenlebi fiqroben, rom rusuli energogigantisgan gazis Sesyidva pirdapir niSnavs am saxelmwifosTvis Tavis daxras da masTan uSualo kavSiris dawyebas. „dRevandelma xelisuflebam gadawyvita, saqarTveloSi Semoiyvanos „gazpromi“ da es niSnavs, faqtobrivad, mavTulxlarTebis gabmas da okupirebas. es namdvilad iqneba mcocavi okupacia. „gazpromi“ niSnavs energodamoukideblobis dakargvas da aseve emuqreba qveynis saerTo damoukideblobas. garda amisa, damoukideblobis dakargva ukavSirdeba keTildReobis dakargvas. Cven Zalian kargad gvaxsovs Cabnelebuli 90-iani wlebi, siciviT da siRaribiT garemoculi saqarTvelo. amitom nebismieri cduneba aris absurdi, miT ufro maSin, rodesac Sen cvli Seni partniorebis, megobrebis iaf gazs Seni mtrebis ufro Zvir gazze. es aris ugunureba da es aris sakuTari nacionaluri interesebis daTmoba“,- ganacxada “nacionaluri moZraobis” wevrma, sergo ratianma. koalicia „qarTuli ocnebis“ wevrebis gancxadebiT, „gazpromis“ mili saqarTveloSi aqamdec gadioda da amas qveynisTvis araferi cudi ar moutania. qveynis yofili premier-ministris, biZina ivaniSvilis TqmiT, axali araferi xdeba, mili didi xania saqarTvelos teritoriazea da amaSi garkveul Tanxas viRebT. ,,is, rom bazari SeiZleba iyos diversificirebuli da Cvens biznesmenebs mieceT imis ufleba, rom gazi iyidon, sadac moesurvebaT, amaSi me cuds verafers vxedav. bazari unda iyos Tavisufali. rusuli gaziT mTeli evropa maragdeba. imaSi, rom saqarTvelom rusuli gazi iyidos, kriminali araferi ar aris. biznesmenebi giJebi ar arian da Zvirs ar gadaixdian sxvasTan,
Tu aqvT iafis gadaxdis SesaZlebloba. rodesac arCevanis gakeTebis saSualeba gaqvs, es Zalian kargia. Tu moxerxdeba, rom bazarze mxolod erTi kompania ar iqneba da mas eyoleba konkurentic es, ra Tqma unda, mxolod dadebiTad imoqmedebs qveynis ganviTarebaze. amaSi kargis meti araferi ar aris. amaSi cuds mxolod „nacionaluri moZraoba“ xedavs, romelsac qveynis samarTavad ukve sakmarisze meti dro hqonda“,- ganacxada biZina ivaniSvilma. am TemasTan dakavSirebiT igive azri aqvT qveynis amJamindel premier-ministrs, energetikis ministrsa da „qarTuli ocnebis“ sxva wevrebs. rac SeexebaT, sxva partiebs, romlebic dRes saparlamento umciresobas warmoadgenen, maT am sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT gamokveTili pozicia ar gaaCniaT. aRsaniSnavia, rom dRes saqarTveloSi gazi sami gziT Semodis azerbaijanuli „sokarisgan“. rusul gazs saqarTvelo iRebs somxeTSi tranzitis safasuris saxiT. garda amisa, saqarTvelo iRebs 800
a x a l i daviT narmaniam vakis gamgeblis da oTxi saqalaqo samsaxuris xelmZRvanelobis kandidaturebi daasaxela
daviT narmaniam meriis oTxi saqalaqo samsaxuris xelmZRvanelobis da vakis gamgeblis kandidaturebi daasaxela. keTilmowyobis saqalaqo samsaxuris xelmZRvanelad daviT narmaniam givi kublaSvili waradgina. dedaqalaqis merma ganacxada, rom givi kublaSvils mdidari gamocdileba aqvs kerZo seqtorSi muSaobis, maT Soris mravali strategiuli proeqtis xelmZRvanelia. misive TqmiT, givi kublaSvili profesiiT iuristia.
horizonti
kidev erT vakantur Tanamdebobaze, kerZod, zedamxedvelobis saqalaqo samsaxuris xelmZRvanelad, narmaniam giorgi bagrationis kandidatura waradgina. rac Seexeba sportisa da axalgazrdobis saqmeTa saqalaqo samsaxurs, mas, narmanias gadawyvetilebiT, irakli gvilava uxelmZRvanelebs. ekonomikuri politikis saqalaqo samsaxuris xelmZRvanelad ki narmaniam nodar WiWinaZe waradgina. misi TqmiT, WiWinaZe profesionali ekonomistia. ekologiisa da gamwvanebis saqalaqo samsaxuris xelmZRvanelad ki dedaqalaqis merma nino sulxaniSvilis kandidatura waradgina. narmaniam vakis gamgeblis kandidaturac waradgina. misi TqmiT, ukve vice-meris, laSa abaSiZis Semcvlelad nodar turZelaZes asaxelebs, romelic bolo periodSi vakis raionis gamgeblis moadgiled muSaobs. dedaqalaqis merma yvela kandidats warmateba usurva da sakrebulos wardgenili kandidatebis dadgenili wesiT damtkicebis TxovniT mimarTa.
milioni kuburi metris gazs azerbaijanidan „Sah-denizis“ proeqtis pirveli fazidan SeRavaTian fasad, kerZod, 60 dolarad aTas kubur metrze. rac Seexeba rusul gazs, misi fasi Cveni mezobeli qveynisTvis, somxeTisTvis, 165 dolaria. politologi gia nodia, miiCnevs, rom xelisuflebas ar esmis is safrTxeebi, rac „gazpromidan“ modis. „xelisuflebis pozicia sruliad araTanmimdevruli da gaugebaria. maT aSkarad ar esmiT is safrTxe, romelic rusuli gazis kompaniisgan modis. arsebobs zogadi gancda, rom prodasavluri, proevropuli kursi mxolod zedapiruli da moCvenebiTia. mTeli maTi moqmedeba swored amas adasturebs. „gazromisgan“ gazis SesyidviT saqarTvelos ramdenime aTeuli dolariT metis gadaxda mouwevs. me namdvilad ar mesmis, ratom urCevniaT maT aseTi qmedebebis ganxorcieleba“,- ambobs gia nodia. rac Seexeba sakiTxs, Tu ramdenis gadaxda mouwevs saqarTvelos rusul gazSi, amasTan dakavSirebiT energetikis
ministrs informacia jer ar aqvs. misi TqmiT, jer ucnobia, ra eRireba rusuli gazi, magram Tu is misaRebi iqneba, es proeqti aucileblad ganxorcieldeba. SegaxsenebT, rom saqarTvelos 2007 wels „gazpromi“ srulad amaragebda. Tumca Semdeg bazari praqtikulad dakarga. agreTve, iyo SemTxveva, rodesac aRniSnulma kompaniam saqarTvelos gazis miwodeba Seuwyvita. am gamocdilebaze dayrdnobiT, „nacionaluri moZraobis“ wevrebi irwmunebian, rom „gazpromTan“ molaparakebebi qveyanas damoukideblobis dakargviTac ki emuqreba. ramdenad efeqturi iqneba rusuli gazis saqarTveloSi dabruneba, gamoadgeba Tu ara is ekonomikis an saerTodac arsebuli bazris ganviTarebas, amas qarTuli sazogadoeba Seityobs. manamde ki mogviwevs, davelodoT mimdinare movlenebis ganviTarebas da Tvali vadevnoT, rogor warimarTeba molaparakebebi kaxa kalaZesa da aleqsei milers Soris.
mariam vaCnaZe
a m b e b i Tbilisis 2016 wlis 810 milioniani biujetis proeqti Tbilisis 2016 wlis biujeti 65 milioni lariT izrdeba, - amis Sesaxeb dRes Tbilisis sakrebuloSi gamarTul preskonferenciaze sakrebulos safinanso-sabiujeto komisiis Tavmjdomarem, jaba samuSiam, ganacxada. misi TqmiT, 13 noembers sakrebuloSi Tbilisis meriidan Sevida Tbilisis 2016 wlis biujetis proeqti. jaba samuSiam biujetis proeqtiT gaTvaliswinebul programebze isaubra. samuSias TqmiT, 2016 wlis Tbilisis biujetis moculoba 810 milioni lariT aris gansazRvruli. proeqtis Tanaxmad, biujeti 65 milioni lariT izrdeba. aRniSnuli Tanxa satransporto infrastruqturas moxmardeba. kerZod, am mizniT gaTvaliswinebulia 19 milioni lari, avariul saxlebsa da mSeneblobebisTvis gamoyofilia 29 milioni lari, jandacvis biujeti izrdeba 9 milioni lariT, ganaTlebis - 3 milioni lariT. jaba samuSias TqmiT, TbilisSi momaval wels dagegmilia metrosadguris rekonstruqcia. aseve dagegmilia kus tbisa da mTawmindis sabagiroebis rekonstruqcia, risTvisac 7 milioni lari aris gansazRvruli, puSkinis quCaze igegmeba ormxrivi gzis mSenebloba. samuSias SefasebiT, Tbilisis momavali wlis biujeti Tbiliselebis moTxovnebs pasuxobs. misive informaciiT,
Tbilisis meriis administraciisa da sakrebulos xarjebi mcirdeba, Tumca saubrisas man ver daakonkreta ramdeni lariT. misive TqmiT, 118 000 lariT izrdeba Tbilisis sakrebulos istoriuli Senobis Senaxvis xarjebi. biujetis proeqtze debatebi sakrebuloSi dReidan iwyeba. 20 noembramde ganxilvebi gaimarTeba sakrebulos komisiebSi, 20 noembridan 25 noembris CaTvliT- safinanso-sabiujeto komisiaSi. Semdgom dokuments Tbilisis sakrebulos Tavmjdomare giorgi alibegaSvili xels moawers da ukan daubrundeba merias. xolo Tu sakrebulos deputatebi daiwuneben Semosul biujetis proeqts, igi merias gadaegzavneba da meriam saboloo varianti sakrebuloSi 10 dekembramde unda gadaagzavnos.
axali ambebi momzadebulia www.ipn.ge-ze dayrdnobiT
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politika
19 noemberi
samoqalaqo dapirispirebis zRvarze
mas Semdeg, rac ukrainuli blogi wikileaks. centrer - i giga bokeriasa da mixeil saakaSvilis farul Canawerebs aqveynebs, sazogadoebaSi Cndeba azri, rom qveyanaSi samoqalaqo dapirispirebisa da gadatrialebis Zaladobrivi scenari iwereba, konstituciuri mTlianoba da usafrTxoeba ki kiTxvis niSnis qveS dgeba. xelisufleba opoziciisa da opozicia xelisuflebis winaaRmdeg, rusTavi 2-is saqme, piradi saubrebisa da cixeSi wamebis amsaxveli kadrebis gavrceleba, daZabuli politikuri debatebi da braldebebis yoveldRiuri seria. eqspertebis da politikosebis azrebi orad iyofa: samoqalaqo dapirispirebis safrTxe Tu ori politikuri partiis brZolas Sewiruli sazogadoebis interesi? yvelaferi nika gvaramias gancxadebiT daiwyo. sagangebo brifingze, televiziis direqtorma ganacxada, rom xelisufleba ojaxis usafrTxoebiTa da piradi saubrebis gasajaroebiT daemuqra da rusTavi 2-is saqmisgan Camocileba mosTxova. ,,miTxres, rom ar unda damaviwydes, rom Cemi ojaxis wevrebi cxovroben aq da ver gavuSvi amerikaSi, ar unda damaviwydes, rom aqvT konkretuli videobi, romelic gamoqveyndeba, satelefono molaparakebebi, romelic saakaSvilTan mqonda da es gamoqveyndeba da me gamanadgureben qveynis da xalxis TvalSi,“- ganacxada nika gvaramiam sagangebo brifingze. am gancxadebebis paralelurad, ukrainul saitebze, kvlav vrceldeba cixeSi wamebisa da araadamianuri mopyrobis kadrebi. opozicia acxadebs, rom xelisufleba e.w. kasrebis kadrebiT mani pulirebs da Zalauflebis SenarCunebas am gzebiT cdilobs. xolo mTavrobis meTauri, oponentebis braldebas, eqspertebis SefasebiT, SemaSfoTebeli gancxadebiT pasuxobs:,, „nacionaluri moZraoba” madlobas unda uxdides mosaxleobas, rom is ar gaukeTes, rac wamebis amsaxvel videoebSi Cans, SeiZleba uxeSad gamomivides, magram isini amas namdvilad imsaxureben.” aRniSnulma faqtma arasamTavrobo da di plomatiuri seqtoris aRSfoTeba gamoiwvia. maTi SefasebiT, premierma Zaladobis waxalisebas Seuwyo xeli. nika gvaramiasa da premierministris gancxadebebiT, saqarTvelos prezidenti giorgi margvelaSvilic dainteresda, konstituciuri mTlianoba da usafrTxoeba kiTxvis niSnis qveS daayena da mTavrobisa da opoziciis warmomadgenlebi prezidentis sasaxleSi qveyanaSi mimdinare procesebze sasaubrod daibara. ,,bolo dReebSi ganviTarebulma procesebma politikuri klimatis eskalacia da konstituciuri wesrigis darRvevisa da samoqalaqo dapirispirebebis winapirobebi gamoiwvia. qveynis konstituciis dacva yvela moqalaqis movaleobaa da, upirveles yovlisa, saqarTvelos xelisuflebis. mTavrobis meTauris dRevandelma gamosvlam situaciis ganmuxtvis nacvlad meti daZabuloba Seitana isedac rTul viTarebaSi. yvelas movuwodeb Tavi Seikavos mZafri nabijebisgan da moTokos emociebi. gavufrTxildeT samoqalaqo mSvidobas’’ – acxadebs giorgi margvelaSvili. mTavrobis warmomadgenlebma prezidentTan Sexvedraze uari ganacxades, argumentad ki qveyanaSi konstituciuri wesrigis darRvevis winapirobebis ararseboba daasaxeles da prezidenti viTarebis eskalaciaSi daadanaSaules. ,,rodesac prezidenti saubrobs imaze, rom konstituciur usafrTxoebas problemebi aqvs, amis
4
safuZvlebi unda hqondes, axla amis safuZveli ar arsebobs.“- ganacxada sasjelaRsrulebisa da probaciis ministrma, kaxi kaxiSvilma.
swored am gancxadebebidan or dReSi, 24 oqtombers, ,,vikiliqs centris“ faruli Canawerebi gamoqveynda, romelze dayrdnobiTac mixeil saakaSvili da giga bokeria xelisuflebis damxobis Zaladobriv da sisxlian gegmaze saubrobdnen. rusul serverze Seqmnilma vikiliqsim, nacionalur moZraobas saSualeba misca xelisufleba ukanono mosmenebSi daedanaSaulebina, xelisuflebam ki konstituciis 315e muxliT, romelic saxelmwifos gadatrialebis mcdelobis braldebas gulisxmobs, gamoZieba daiwyo. 23 oqtombers mTavrobis wevrebi prezidentTan vizitze uars acxadebdnen da uaryofdnen, rom safrTxe, romelzec meore dRes gamoZieba daiwyes, ar arsebobda. saparlamento umravlesobis wevris, Tamaz meWiauris TqmiT, msgavsi konsultaciebi uazrobaa: „me ar waval imitom, rom uazrobaa es konsultaciebi, xels uwyobs daZabulobis eskalacias da aRiarebs, rom viTomc arsebobs konstituciuri CarCoebidan gasuli situacia.“- ambobs Tamaz meWiauri. ,,rusTavi 2”, nacionaluri moZraoba, wamebis kadrebi, faruli Canawerebi, rusul serverze daregistrirebuli saitebi, opozicis, mTavrobis, eqspertebisa da arasamTavrobo struqturis warmomadgenlebis kritikuli gancxadebebi xelisuflebis misamarTiT, saerTaSoriso gamoxmaureba da maTi moTxovna
daculi iyos sityvisa da gamoxatvis Tavisufleba, situacias kidev ufro metad Zabavs da saxelmwifo gadatrialebis an minimum dapirispirebis safrTxes aCens. xelisufleba uaryofs, rom qveyana samoqalaqo dapirispirebis zRvarzea da davebis Zaladobrivi gziT gadaWras kategoriulad ewinaaRmdegeba. ,,nacionaluri moZraobis“ sisxliani gadatrialebis scenaris arsebobaSi ki eWvi ar epareba. ,,Tuki qveyanaSi vinmes eskalacia da daZabuloba awyobs, es nacionalebis gegmebSi Sedis. SeiZleba, viRacas aJiotaJi awyobs, viRacas Tavisi rolis warmoCena da viRacas politikuri qulebis Cawera, magram qveynis interesebTan yvela frTxilad unda iyos“, - acxadebs parlamentis vice-spikeri manana kobaxiZe. mmarTvel gunds eTanxmeba da samoqalaqo dapirispirebis safrTxes ver xedavs eqsperti, gia xuxaSvili. misi TqmiT, samomavlo safrTxeebi SesaZloa arsebobs, Tumca amJamad minimaluria. ,,lokaluri provokaciebis safrTxe arsebobs, magram masStaburi dapirispirebis foni dRes qveyanaSi ar aris, miuxedavad imisa, rom xelisuflebas Zalian seriozuli riskebi aqvs. mas problemebi imdenad ,,nacionalur moZraobasTan“ ar aqvs, ramdenadac mTlianad qarTul sazogadoebasTan, rogorc ekonomikaSi ise sagareo urTierTobebSi, adamianis uflebebis mimarTulebiT... jer iseTi kritikuli masa ar aukrifavs, rom amas,
raRac kuTxiT, samoqalaqo dapirispireba mohyves. vikiliqsi da a.S. nel–nela Woraobas emsgavseba da bunebrivia amas ar SeiZleba rame mohyves.“ - ambobs gia xuxaSvili. mTavrobas ewinaaRmdegebian da samoqalaqo dapirispirebis gardauval safrTxeze saubroben ,,Tavisufali demokratebi“. ,,Tavisufali demokratebis“ erT-erTi lideri, nino goguaZe, xazs usvams im komikur situacias, romlis mixedviTac xelisufleba saxelmwifo gadatrialebis safrTxes uaryofda da gamoZieba swored am muxliT daiwyo. „premieris gancxadeba dapirispirebas
kidev ufro met biZgs aZlevs, prezidenti ki, rogorc konstituciis garanti, valdebulia, procesebze reagireba moaxdinos. Seqmnil viTarebaSi, xelisuflebas ufro meti pasuxismgebloba unda hqondes, magram prezidentTan mxolod saxelisuflebo Zala ar gamocxadda. prezidentma unda icodes, qveyanaSi ra xdeba. xelisufleba acxadebs, rom eskalaciis safrTxe ar arsebobs, rac komikuria, radgan uSiSroebis samsaxurma, saxelmwifo gadatrialebis kuTxiT, sisxlis samarTlis saqme aRZra.“- acxadebs nino goguaZe. eqsperti, mamuka areSiZe, qveyanaSi mimdinare procesebs afasebs, ,,Tavisufali demokratebis“ azrs iziarebs da samoqalaqo dapirispirebis realur safrTxeze saubrobs. ,,samoqalaqo dapirispirebis saSiSroeba arsebobs. amis seriozul niSnebs atarebs is, rac sazogadoebaSi xdeba. vxedav, rom socialur qselSi tonaloba Seicvala. Tu adre iyo erTmaneTis lanZRva, abuCad agdeba, dRes ukve, pirdapiri muqara ismis. dRes, sazogadoebis poziciebi isea daSorebuli, rom vfiqrob, aq morigeba aRar gamova.“- aRniSnavs eqsperti mamuka areSiZe. viTareba yoveldRiurad iZabeba, 2 oqtombers ukrainul saitze kidev erTi faruli Canaweri gamoqveynda, rTulia, idavo personaluri monacemebis dacvis ufleba dairRva Tu maRali sazogadoebrivi interesis princi pi gaiTvaliswines. jer isic ki araa cnobili, vin aris Canawerebis gamavrcelebeli da xelisufleba usmens ,,nacionalur moZraobas“ da mis mokavSireebs Tu ukraina ebrZvis saakaSvils. rac dro gadis, politikuri TamaSebi ufro metad iZabeba, xelisufleba pirobas debs, rom simSvidis SenarCunebas SeZlebs da Zaladobas gaemijneba, opozicia ki xelisuflebis Selaxul imijze da saswrafo reorganizaciaze saubrobs. mZime ekonomikur da socialur fonze samoqalaqo viTarebac rTuldeba. politikosebi dapirispirebisa da agresiuli debatebis azartSi Sedian. rTulia, ivaraudo, arCevnebisTvis idgmeba es speqtaklebi Tu qveyana mesame revoluciisTvis emzadeba. erTi ram ki faqtia - dRes saqarTvelos istorias “nacebi” da “qocebi” weren. P.S. statiis gamoqveynebamde cota xniT adre, saqalaqo sasamarTlom rusTavi 2-is saqmeze saboloo ganaCeni gamoitana da telekompaniis 91%-iani wilis mflobelad qibar xalvaSi gamoacxada. sakonstitucio sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebiT, ganaCeni dauyovnebliv ar aRsrulda. qibar xalvaSma, amis sapasuxod, sajaro reestrSi droebiTi mmarTvelebis daniSvnis Sesaxeb gancxadeba Seitana, romelsac mosamarTle, Tamaz urTmeliZe, adasturebda. dRes, rusTavi 2-is droebiTi mmarTvelebi, daviT dvali da revaz sayevariSvili arian. daviT dvali sasamarTloSi rusTavi 2-is wilebze davobs, xolo revaz sayevariSvili telekompania ,,imedis“ yofili xelmRanelia, nika gvaramiam Tanamdeboba dakarga, Tumca televiziis Senobas ar tovebs. „rusTavi 2“-Tan mxardamWerebi arian Sekrebilebi, xelisufleba ki acxadebs, rom sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebis Zalis gamoyenebiT aRsrulebas ar apirebs.
salome Caduneli
horizonti
19 noemberi
politika
gezi natosken 25 oqtombers saqarTveloSi “natos” kvireuli 2015 daiwyo. kvireulis farglebSi, 14 dRis ganmavlobaSi, Tbilissa da saqarTvelos regionebSi sxvadasxva RonisZieba gaimarTa, maT Soris iyo Sexvedrebi moswavleebTan, studentebTan, arasamTavrobo da samTavrobo seqtoris warmomadgenlebTan. TiToeuli RonisZiebis mizani da amocana saqarTvelos moqalaqeebisTvis Crdilo-atlantikuri aliansis Sesaxeb informaciis miwodeba iyo. 26 oqtombers “natos” kvireuls saqarTveloSi “natos” generaluri mdivnis specialuri warmomadgeneli samxreT kavkasiasa da centralur aziaSi, jeims apaturai, ewvia. apaturai saqarTvelos prezidents, premier-ministrs, Tavdacvis ministrsa da mTavrobis sxva warmomadgenlebsac Sexvda. Sexvedrebis dros saubari Seexo saqarTvelosa da “natos” momaval TanamSromlobasa da im savaldebulo nabijebs, romelTa gadadgmac saqarTvelos uaxloes momavalSi mouwevs. apaturai Tavisi vizitis dRes dagegmil ramdenime RonisZiebasac daeswro. saqarTvelos prezidentis administraciis gancxadebiT, giorgi margvelaSvilma jeims apaturaisTan Sexvedrisas isaubra “natoSi” integraciasa da im reformebis Sesaxeb, romlebsac saqarTvelo axorcielebs. administraciaSi aRniSnaven, rom prezidentma da “natos” generaluri mdivnis warmomadgenelma ganixiles “natos” ministerialisa da varSavis samitisaTvis mzadebis sakiTxi, qveynis saSinao da sagareo procesebi da aseve qveyanaSi arsebuli sasamarTlosa da mediis Tavisuflebis xarisxi. 29 oqtombers “natos” kvireulis farglebSi prezidenti di plomatebs da arasamTavrobo seqtoris warmomadgenlebsac Sexvda. Sexvedras saqarTvelos prezidentis administraciis, saqarTvelos uSiSroebis sabWos, saerTaSoriso da arasamTavrobo organizaciebis warmomadgenlebi eswrebodnen. ,,giorgi margvelaSvilma yuradReba saqarTvelosa da natos urTierTobaze gaamaxvila da isaubra im Rirebulebebze, romlebic saqarTvelos evroatlantikur miswrafebas, erTiani miznis miRwevasa da demokratiuli sazogadoebis Senebas emsaxureba” – aRniSnaven prezidentis administraciaSi. maTive TqmiT, prezidentma saqarTvelos rTul geopolitikur viTarebaze isaubra da aRniSna, rom qveyana okupirebuli teritoriebis pirobebSic ki axerxebs demokratiuli saxelmwifoebriobis SenarCunebas. “natos” kvireuli “natosa da evrokavSiris Sesaxeb sainformacio centris” organizebiT ukve merve welia tardeba. sainformacio centri TanamSromlobs rumineTis saelCosTan, “natos”
horizonti
samokavSireo ofisTan da saqarTvelos saxelmwifo ministris aparatTan evropul da evroatlantikur struqturebSi integraciis sakiTxSi. centris sazogadoebis informirebis samsaxuris ufrosi, irina SamiliZe, aRniSnavs, rom maTi organizaciis muSaobisTvis kvireuli umniSvnelovanesi movlenaa. “Cveni mizania, natosa da saqarTvelos TanamSromlobis, aseve Cveni qveynis perspeqtivebisa da gamowvevebis Sesaxeb sazogadoebis informireba” – ambobs irina SamiliZe. misi TqmiT, sxvadasxva Sexvedrisas saubari Seexo saqarTvelos progress evroatlantikur sivrceSi, uelsis samitis gadawyvetilebas, samSvidobo misiebsa da “natoSi” axladgawevrianebuli qveynebis muSaobis Sedegebs. SamiliZe aseve saubrobs im RonisZiebebze, rac kvireulis farglebSi Catarda da maT Soris gamoyofs 2008 wlis omsa da ISAFF-is misiaSi daRupuli jariskacebis ojaxis wevrebTan Sexvedras, vizits saxelmwifo uwyebebsa da kiberusafrTxoebis dawesebulebebSi, mrgval magidebs, inteleqtualur konkursebsa da proeqts “Back to school”, romlis farglebSic, maRali Tanamdebobis pirebi moswavle-axalgazrdebs sakuTar skolebSi xvdebodnen da evroatlantikur struqturebSi integraciis procesebze esaubrebod-
nen. irina SamiliZe aRniSnavs, rom ganxorcielebulma RonisZiebebma moicva yvela samizne jgufi, ramac maT sazogadoebis cnobierebis amaRlebis saSualeba misca. “natos” kvireulisa da misi Sedegebis Sesaxeb gansxvavebuli poziciebi arsebobs sakanonmdeblo xelisuflebaSi. maTi nawili qveynisaTvis mniSvnelovnad miiCnevs Crdilo-atlan-
tikuri aliansis warmomadgenelTa vizitebs saqarTveloSi da qveynis masStabiT gamarTul RonisZiebebs. saqarTvelos parlamentis evropasTan integraciis komitetis wevri da partia “qarTuli ocnebis” warmomadgeneli, gia volski, saqarTveloSi Catarebul abreSumis gzis forums, natos kvireulsa da uaxloes momavalSi evrokavSiris delegaciis saqarTveloSi Camosvlas da Sexvedrebis sxvadasxva formatSi gamarTvas, qveynisTvis politikur da ekonomikur
winsvlad miiCnevs. misi TqmiT, “natos” saqarTvelosadmi dadebiTma damokidebulebam bevri adamiani gaaRiziana, rasac maTi mxridan qveynisaTvis uaryofiTi Sedegis momtani nabijebi mohyva. “TanamSromlobis xarisxi aramxolod qveynis daculobas, aramed politikur da ekonomikur winsvlasac uzrunvelyofs” – ganacxada gia volskim. misi TqmiT, “natosTan” TanamSromlobis maRali xarisxi aris msoflio rukaze seriozuli poziciis Seqmnis garanti, magram imasac aRniSnavs, rom Crdilo -atlantikuri aliansis samxedro da politikuri standarti imdenad maRalia, rom saqarTvelos am etapze kidev araerTi nabiji aqvs gadasadgmeli. qarTveli jariskacebis sxvadasxva misiasa da samxedro danayofebSi msaxurobas qveynis movaleobad miiCnevs da ganmartavs, rom es ar aris vinmesTan “keklucoba” an “natos” wevrobisaTvis brZola, arsebobs globaluri safrTxe, romelsac qveyana adre ar iTvaliswinebda. is aRniSnavs, rom qarTveli jariskacebi icaven stabilurobas, mSvidobas da monawileoben antiteroristul moZraobebSi imitom, rom saqarTveloc msoflios erTi didi ojaxis wevria. Crdilo-atlantikur struqturaSi integraciisadmi droebiT skeptikuri damokidebuleba aqvs partia “nacionaluri moZraobis” erT-erT liders, nika melias. is aRniSnavs, rom saqa-
rTvelos natosTan TanamSromlobis ganviTarebis perspeqtiva aqvs, magram es perspeqtiva ar arsebobs am xelisuflebis pirobebSi. “darwmunebuli var, apaturais mTarobis wevrebTan saubari hqonda qveynis Sida politikur procesebze, maT Soris “rusTavi 2”-is Sesaxeb. kargia, rom misi viziti am periods daemTxva, is maRali Tanamdebobis pirebs miscemda rCevebs, magram eseni ramdenad gaiTvaliswineben, ar vici” – ganacxada nika meliam. misi TqmiT, xelisufleba cdilobs Secvalos saqarTvelos sagareo politikuri kursi, maTi evropuli mimarTuleba moCvenebiTia da realurad sapirispiros amtkiceben, am yvelafris mizezad ki biZina ivaniSvils asaxelebs. nika melias gancxadebiT, arsebuli xelisuflebis pirobebSi, qveynis evroatlantikuri integracia SeuZlebelia da aucilebelia biZina ivaniSvili CamoSordes marTvis sadaveebs. “natos” kvireuls da mis farglebSi ganxorcielebul RonisZiebebs afaseben arasamTavrobo seqtoris warmomadgenlebic. arasamTavrobo organizacia “demokratiuli cvlilebebis institutis” xelmZRvaneli, nino wulaia, saubrobs “natos” kvireulis Sesaxeb da aRniSnavs, rom es aris erT-erTi RonisZieba, romelic xels uwyobs sazogadoebis informirebas Crdilo-atlantikuri aliansis Sesaxeb. aseve, dadebiTad afasebs kvireulis farglebSi dagegmil sxvadasxva RonisZiebas, sadac aqtiurad monawileobda aramxolod dedaqalaqi, aramed regionebic. “Cemi mxridan, imaze saubari, Tu ra konkretuli perspeqtivebi aqvs saqarTvelos natoSi gawevrianebis kuTxiT, cotaTi xmamaRali iqneba, magram vfiqrob, msgavsi RonisZiebebi xels uwyobs sazogadoebaSi swori informaciis gavrcelebas da maT informirebas, es ki aucilebeli winapirobaa saqarTvelos natoSi gawevrianebisa da evrointegraciisaTvis. msgavsi RonisZiebebis Catarebas aqtiurad vuWer mxars, radgan sazogadoeba iyos Sesabamisad informirebuli natosa da evrokavSiris Sesaxeb“ – ganacxada nino wulaiam. natos kvireulis farglebSi qveynis masStabiT ukve araerTi proeqti ganxorcielda, ramac sazogadoebis araerTi segmenti moicva. kvireulis dasrulebis Semdeg misma mTavarma organizatorebma da partniorebma Seafases 14–dRiani procesi da “natosa” da saqarTvelos momavali TanamSromlobis Sesaxeb prognozi gaakeTes. maTi gancxadebiT, saqarTvelom mniSvnelovani nabijebi gadadga Crdilo-atlantikur sivrceSi integraciisaTvis da varSavis samiti qveynisaTvis mxolod kargis momtani SeiZleba iyos.
ani mesxi TamTa WrikiSvili
5
politikuri alegoria
19 noemberi
,,gamouvali mdgomareoba” aris erTi qali. is cxovrobs mravalsarTuliani korpusis erT-erT binaSi. Rame, sakuTar fiqrebTan sruliad marto darCenili, Tvals gadaavlebs xolme ganvlil cxovrebas da aRmoaCens, rom am drois ganmavlobaSi, romelic mas saukuneebad eCveneba, mxolod 1-2-jer Tu yofila bednieri, Tavisufali. man umZimesi cxovreba ganvlo: bavSvobidanve Cagravdnen didi da ufro Ronieri mezoblebi: saTamaSoebs, tansacmels, wignebs xSirad arTmevdnen, scemdnen, fuls sZalavdnen. araerTxel yofila pativayrili, seqsualuri Zaladobis msxverpli. masze Zaladobda yvela, visac ar ezareboda: mezoblebi, naTesavebi, gadamTielebi... erTi-orjer moaxerxa Tavis daRweva, gaTavisuflda, mSvidad cxovreba daiwyo, magram es droebiTi aRmoCnda... mas Semdeg araerTxel gamxdara trefikingis msxverpli, araerTxel moatyues, araerTxel usargebliaT misi miamiti bunebiT. is gaxda sxvisi sakuTreba. qali im batonis xelSi gadadioda, romelic ufro Zlieri iyo, romelic ufro mets gadaixdida. ase monobaSi ganvlo TiTqmis mTeli cxovreba da samwuxarod, mieCvia am damcirebul mdgomareobas. arc Tu ise didi xnis win, man bolo borkilic moixsna. is unda gamxdariyo Tavisufali, magram amdenwliani monoba, ra Tqma udna, ukvalod ar Caivlida. fsiqologiurad, mentalurad, is isev monaa da isev adevs msxvili, uxilavi rkinis borkilebi. 12 wlis win mis cxovrebaSi erTi axalgazrda biWi gamoCnda. es biWi iyo qarizmatuli, niWieri, perspeqtiuli. is qals siyvaruls eficeboda. eficeboda, rom sul eyvareboda, mouvlida, Wrilobebs mouSuSebda, sazarel warsuls daaviwyebda. qalic miendo biWis mklavebs... magram muxTali wuTisofeli qals axal imedgacruebas, axal satanjvels umzadebda... biWi Seicvala, is keTilSobiluri miznebic sadRac gaqra. daiwyo umizezod eWvianoba, gareT aRar uSvebda cols, xmis amoRebis uflebasac ar aZlevda. male biWSi maniakalurma gadaxrebmac iCina Tavi: qals aupatiurebda, scemda, amcirebda, arbevda, awiokebda, awamebda da am yvelafers video kameriT iRebda. iRebda kadrebs da kasrebSi awyobda. megobrebTan erTadac araerTxel Cajdomia popkorniT xelSi. biWi wyvetda, ra iyo qalisTvis kargi, ra unda ekeTebina, raze unda efiqra, raze unda eocneba. televizoris yurebisasac ar aZlevda qals Tavisuflebas - ramdenime arxi dabloka, romelic mas ar moswonda. biWi grZnobda, rom qals aRar SeeZlo, rom erTxelac amouvido-
6
da yvelaferi yelSi da saxlidan miabrZanebda. amitom, biWs sWirdeboda mtris xati - araferi ise ar akavSirebs or adamians erTmaneTTan, rogorc saerTo mteri. amitom dRe ar gavidoda biWs axal-axali mteri ar gamoegona, axal-axali SeTqmulebebi ar SeeTxza, romlebic viTom maT winaaRmdeg, maTi ojaxis dangrevisaken iyo mimarTuli. mtris xatis SeqmnaSi yvelaze metad exmareboda zeviTa mezobeli, marTlac erTi aramzada, agresiuli kaci, saxelad vasia. vasias dupleqsi hqonda da, Sesabamisad, mTels korpusSi - yvelaze didi saxli. araerTxel CauSvia wyali, araerTxel Caurecxavs mezobelebi, upirveles yovlisa, Cveni qalis bina, magram aranair pasuxismgeblobas ar iRebda, arc erTxel ar aunazRaurebia is zarali, rasac mezoblebs ayenebda. vasia qals avtofarexsac edaveboda: ginda Tu ara es toklikaSvilebisaa da Tqveni araao. arada, es avtofarexi am qalisaa, am qalamde misi mamis iyo, mamamde papis da ase Semdeg. magram es vasias ar anaRvlebda, dakavebuli hqonda avtofarexi, viTom toklikaSvilebisTvis, magram TviTon ufro xSirad iyenebda mas. erTxelac, sul raRac xuT dReSi , avtofarexs ufro mtkice kedlebi amouSena da didi boqlomic daado. am dRidan qali astronomiuli manZiliT daSorda dakarguli avtofarexis dabrunebas. avtofarexis formalur mesakuTres, toklikaSvilebs, umetesoba ar aRiarebda, Tu sadarbazoSi mcxovreb ramdenime maTxovars ar CavTvliT. magram ras izamdnen - vasia saWiro kaci iyo, mis winaaRmdeg
wasvla ar iqneboda momgebiani. biWi, marTalia, moZalade iyo, magram samezobloSi, gansakuTrebiT dasavleT samezobloSi, kargi da Rirseuli qmris saxeli hqonda. kari SeakeTa da SeReba, axali Spaleri gaakra saxlSi, daago parketi, razec qali wuwuniT etyoda xolme: ,,parketi vWamoo?’’, iyida macivari, magram es macivari savse arasdros yofila. rac mTavaria, iyida didi televizori - sanaxaoba eqnebodaT da pursac iSovida rogorme. moZalade qmrisa da agresiuli mezoblis SiSSi gaatara qalma cxra weli. mere movida erTi kaci, romelmac amxila biWi qalze ZaladobaSi da saxlidan gaagdo. qals ocneba auxda, imedi mieca, rom axla mainc gaimarTeboda welSi, axla mainc iqneboda usafrTxod, axla mainc iqneboda bednieri da Tavs daculad igrZnobda. „magram sawuTro gana vismes didxans axarebs?“ - axali qmari uniaTo aRmoCnda, arafers ar akeTebs: 24 saaTi divanzea wamogorebuli, televizors uyurebs, Wams, sZinavs... parketi aiyara, Spaleri Camoixa, macivari daJangda da kvlavindeburad araa savse. Tumca, qals ise aRar akontrolebs, ar usmens, xmis amoRebas ar ukrZalavs, ar scems, ar awamebs, qalma ufro meti Tavisufleba miiRo. magram, Tu davfiqrdebiT, es dadebiTi mxareebic mxolod am qmris uniaTobiT, umoqmedobiTaa gamowveuli. qali isev ubeduria, isev imedgacruebulia. amis gamo Zvel qmars, im maniak biWsac, gauCnda pretenziebi: „me gcemdi, gawamebdi, gamcirebdi, xmas ar gaRebinebdi, magram es adre
iyo. me Sevicvale, me Cems Secdomebs mivxdi. aba, es ginda? aseTi uniaTo qmari ginda? me sruliad sxva adamiani var, Zvirfaso, damibrundi! ‘‘ qals, ra Tqma unda, ar sjera yofili qmris. aris raRacebi, rasac veravis verasdros ver apatiebs... Tumca axlandel meuRlesTan cxovreba ufro da ufro gausaZlisi xdeba. amas qmaric grZnobs: „me aRar gindivar? isev is Seni maniaki qmari girCevnia? monoba mogenatra? naxe, es firi kasrSi vi pove, naxe ras giSvreba Seni qmari! naxe, es ginda?! madlobelsac ar xar, rom is mtarvali mogacile?!“ qali CixSia, qali sasowarkveTilia: erT mxares moZalade yofili qmari, meore mxares - uniaTo da xepre qmari, sxva xelis mTxovnelebic arian, magram isini vasias Svilebi arian. sakmarisia qali romelime mis Svils gayves, rom mesame saxlsac miierTebs vasia da dupleqsis magivrad tri pleqsis mflobeli gaxdeba. iqneb monazvnad aRikvecos da samudamod gaeridos aqaurobas? magram es xom misi saxlia, misi winaprebis saxlia da ar unda mas sxvebi, momxdurebi daepatronon. da mainc ra unda qnas qalma? mze Cadis, qali fanjarasTan zis, sevdiani TvalebiT gahyurebs wiTel horizonts - TeTr raSze amxedrebuli princi ar Cans... qali ki mainc elodeba, arada gulis siRrmeSi icis, rom TeTr raSze amxedrebuli princebi ar arseboben.
Tornike xvTisiaSvili horizonti
19 noemberi
samarTali
,,rusTavi 2 Cemia” bolo periodis erT-erTi yvelaze gaxmaurebuli samoqalaqo procesis pirvel instanciaSi ganxilva mosarCele mxaris sasargeblod dasrulda. Tbilisis saqalaqo sasamarTlom gadawyvetileba saqmeze „qibar xalvaSi telekompania „rusTavi 2-is“ winaaRmdeg” 3 noembers gamoacxada da qibar xalvaSis sarCeli nawilobriv daakmayofila. „rusTavi 2“-is wilis 60% qibar xalvaSs, 40% ki mis sakuTrebaSi arsebul kompania „panoramas“ gadasca. sapaeqro sityvebis dasrulebis Semdeg, Tamaz urTmeliZem gadawyvetileba orsaaT-naxevarSi gamoacxada. Svidi sasarCelo moTxovnidan xuTi, romelic arxis logosa da sami saerTaSoriso proeqtis: ukanaskneli gmiris, jeo-barisa da fort boiardis avtorobas exeboda, ar dakmayofilda. mopasuxe mxaris advokatebma procesis protestis niSnad datovebis Semdeg ganacxades, rom kompania samarTlebriv davas Semdgom instanciebSi ganagrZobs. „saqmeSi ar aris araferi, garda qibar xalvaSis zepiri gancxadebebisa da misi kompiuteridan amobeWdili gaugebari cifrebisa.“- ganacxada zaza bibilaSvilma. TamTa muradaSilis TqmiT, gadawyvetileba saapelacio sasamarTloSi, saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi ki, uzenaes sasamarTloSic gasaCivrdeba. Tbilisis saqalaqo sasamarTlos gadawyvetileba 7 sasarCelo moTxovnidan mxolod oris dakmayofilebis gamo saapelacio sasamarTloSi SesaZloa qibar xalvaSis advokatebmac gaasaCivron. paata salias gancxadebiT, saqmeSi namdvilad arsebobda sakuTrebasTan dakavSirebuli gadawyvetilebis miRebis safuZveli, ris gamoc mopasuxe mxaris advokatebis mosazrebebs ar iziarebs. gadawyvetilebis gamotanis Semdeg procesebs gamoexmaura arxis generaluri direqtori, nika gvaramiac. „Cven, ra Tqma unda, mivmarTavT yvela gzas da mivmarTav saapelacio sasamarTlos. imedi maqvs, igive ar ganmeordeba saapelacio sasamarTloSi, ramdenadac es kidev ufro daZabavs sazogadoebaSi arsebul umZimes viTarebas da sabolood daasamarebs sasamarTlo sistemas“ ganacxada nika gvaramiam. Tamaz urTmeliZis mier gadawyvetilebis gamocxadebis Semdeg gancxadeba gaavrcela qibar xalvaSma. „sasamarTlos dRevandeli gadawyvetileba aris swored samarTlianobis aRdgenis procesis realuri dasawyisi. miuxedavad imisa, Tu rogor gagrZeldeba samarTlebrivi procesi
horizonti
Semdgomi instanciis sasamarTloebSi, me gamarjvebuli var ,ramdenadac ara daSinebiTa da zewoliT, aramed civilizebulad, sasamarTlos gziT, davamtkice Cemi simarTle da Cemi ganadgurebis mosurne odesis gubernatorma sakadrisi samarTlebrivi pasuxi miiRo. Tumca dRes es ukve aRar aris mTavari.“-naTqvamia gancxadebaSi. biznesmenma kidev erTxel mimarTa „rusTavi 2“-is Jurnalistebs. qibar xalvaSis gancxadebiT, arcerTi profesionali samsaxurs ar dakargavs. mxareebis garda, Tbilsisis saqalaqo sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebas politikosebic exmaurebian. mmarTvel gundSi procesebs „or kerZo subieqts Soris davad“ moixsenieben da acxadeben, rom pretenziebis SemTxvevaSi mxareebs Semdgomi instanciebisTvis mimarTva SeuZliaT. „Ta-
maSin, rodesac 2 nomebers Tbilisis saqalaqo sasamarTloSi qibar xalvaSis sarCelis daskvniTi sityvis etapi mimdinareobda, baTumSi, sakonstitucio sasamarTlom warmoebaSi miiRo telekompania „rusTavi 2“sa da da Sps telekompania „saqarTvelos“ sarCeli. telekompaniis iuristebi 26 oqtombers sakonstitucio sasamarTloSi Setanil sarCelSi im muxlebis gauqmebas iTxovdnen, romlebic dauyonebliv aRsrulebas exeba. sarCels sakonstitucio sasamarTlos pirvelma kolegiam erT kviraSi upasuxa. mosamarTleTa sakonstitucio sasamarTlos dadgenilebis mixdviT, samoqalaqo-saproceso kodeqsis 268-e muxlis pirveli nawilis „z“ qvepunqtis moqmedeba sakonstitucio sasamarTlos mier saqmeze saboloo gadawyvetilebis miRebamde unda SeCerdes, rac imas niSnavs, rom
vad gvaramias mosazrebaa, rom Zalian usafuZvlo da ususuria sarCeli da ver uZlebs veranair kritikas. Tu ususuria, bunebrivia, Sesabamisad imsjelebs zeda instanciebic.“- ambobs manana kobaxiZe. opoziciis gancxadebiT ki msgavsi gadawyvetileba moulodneli ar yofila. „Tavidanve cxadi gaxda, rom es iyo xelisuflebis gegma rusTavi 2-is xelSi Cagdebis mizniT, amitom araferi gasakviri mTeli am procesebis ganmavlobaSi ar yofila. Cven, Tavisufali demokratebi, sakonstitucio sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebas mivesalmebiT. movuwodeb rusTav 2-s yvela samarTlebrivi berketi gamoiyenos.“-ganacxada aleqsi petriaSvilma gadacema „arCevanSi“ saubrisas. Tbilisis saqalaqo sasamarTlos gadawyvetileba ZalaSi mas Semdeg Seva, rac is yvela instancias gaivlis. saqmis ganxilvis saapelacio sasamarTloSi gagrZelebamde, damoukidebeli procesebi mimdinareobs saqarTvelos sakonstitucio sasamarTloSi.
saboloo gadawyvetileba dauyonebliv ver aRsruldeba. sakonstitucio sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebas imave dRes specialuri gancxadebiT upasuxa telekompania „rusTavi 2-is“ generalurma direqtorma. „dRes saqarTvelos sakonstitucio sasamarTlom gadaarCina qveyanaSi demokratia da sruliad daukarga Sinaarsi mosyiduli zondermosamarTlis, urTmeliZis, gadawyvetilebas... Cven gvaqvs sakmarisi dro da samarTlebrivi resursebi imisaTvis, rom vibrZoloT kompaniisTvis. Cven SevasruleT mTavari amocanasaqarTvelos telemayurebels SevunarCuneT simarTlis xma.“ganacxada nika gvaramiam. rusTavi 2-is saqmis ganxilvis paralelurad sazogadoebis garkveuli nawili telekompaniis mxardasaWerad Tbilisis saqalaqo sasamarTlosTan, nawili ki „rusTavi 2-is“ SenobasTan ikribeboda. arxis xelmZRvanelobam mayurebels daxmarebisken mas Semdeg mouwoda, rac 1 oqtombers Tbilisis saqalaqo sasamarTlom qibar xalvaSis sarCelis sapasuxod telekom-
pania „saqarTvelos“ wilebic daayadaRa, romelic telekompania „rusTavi 2-Si“ 51%-ian wils flobda. am dros ukve dayadaRebuli iyo „rusTavi 2-is“ qoneba da wilebi. qibar xalvaSma, romelic kompanias 2004-2006 wlebSi flobda, „rusTavi 2-is“ wilis dasabruneblad sarCeli sasamarTloSi 2015 wlis agvistoSi Seitana. saqmeze „qibar xalvaSi rusTavi 2-is winaaRmdeg“ arsebiTi ganxilvebi 19 oqtombers daiwyo, rasac win mosamzadebeli sxdoma uZRoda. 12 samuSao dRis ganmavlobaSi 8 sasamarTlo procesi gaimarTa. saqmis ganxilvis aTamde procesis ganmavlobaSi mopasuxe mxaris iuristebma ramdenime Suamdgomloba daayenes. maTi umravlesoba mosamarTlis, Tamaz urTmeliZis, acilebas Seexeboda. Tbilisis saqalaqo sasamarTlos mier gamotanili gadawyvetilebis dasabuTebuli dokumenti mxareebs erTi Tvis ganmavlobaSi CabardebaT, ris Semdegac isini ganaCens zemdgom instanciaSi gaasaCivreben. Pp.s. 5 noembers cnobili gaxda mosamarTle Tamaz urTmeliZis ganCinebis Sesaxeb, romlis mixedviTac, urTmeliZem gadawyvetilebis aRsrulebis uzrunvelyofis Sesaxeb ganCinebas moawera xeli da samauwyeblo kompania ,,rusTavi2“-s droebiTi mmarTvelebi, revaz sayevariSvili da daviT dvali daniSna. televiziis TanamSromlebis, arasamTavrobo seqtorisa da mayurebelTa nawilis protestis Semdeg, droebiTma mmarTvelebma ganacxades, rom situaciis gamwvavebas ar apirebdnen da posts zaal udumaSvils gadascemdnen. nika gvaramias pirvelma moadgilem droebiT mmarTvelobaze uari ganacxada da dvalsa da sayevariSvils maTze dakisrebuli valdebulebebis Sesrulebisken mouwoda. 12 noembers mosamarTle Tamaz urTmeliZem kidev erTi ganCineba gamoacxada. mosamarTlis gadawyvetilebiT, telekompania „rusTavi 2“-is droebiT mmarTvels revaz sayevariSvils uflebamosileba SeuCerda, daviT dvals ki gauuqmda. saqalaqo sasamarTloSi aRniSnul gadawyvetilebas droebiTi mmarTvelebis mier Tavisi funqciis Seusruleblobis SemTxvevaSi gamowveuli problemebiT xsnian. Sesabamisad, sasamarTlos saboloo gadawyvetilebamde uflebamosileba aRudga generalur direqtor nika gvaramiasa da finansur direqtor kaxa damenias.
TamTa CxaiZe
7
ekonomika
19 noemberi
sajaro parkingis „mmarTvelebi“
uflebamosilia Tu ara e.w ,,staianSiki” sajaro adgilebSi parkireba akontrolos? valdebulia Tu ara sajaro parkingiT mosargeble mZRoli „staianSiks“ fuli gadauxados? rogor davicvaT Tavi „stainSikisgan“, ra uflebebi gvaqvs, roca igi parkirebisas problemas gviqmnis? TviTdasaqmebul adamianTa nawils e.w staianSikebi warmoadgenen. samuSao grafiki da wesebi maTive neba-survilzea damokidebuli, xolo gamomuSavebuli Tanxa - mZRolebis guluxvobaze. maTive TqmiT, makontrolebeli aravin hyavT. Tumca, kiTxvaze, Tu vin gansazRvravs manqanebis parkirebis adgilebis maTTvis
Cabarebul raodenobas, pasuxi ar aqvT. 50 wlis daviTi saubrisas aRniSnavs, rom am saqmianobiT wlebia Tavs irCens da dReSi 10-15 lars gamoimuSavebs: „yvelaze didi Tanxa, rac CemTvis gadauxdiaT 1 laria. zogi ki ise midis, fuls arc mitovebs“. pensioneri giorgis TqmiT, dReSi is mxolod 5 lars Soulobs, saSualod ki 50 TeTrs uxdian. dilis saaTebSi vakis parkis mimdebare teritoriaze, atenis quCasa da sxva adgilebze, „staianSikebs“ ramdenime saparkinge adgili skamebiT, lentebiTa da barierebiT aqvT gadatixruli. „pativi rom dagdos da manqana dagayenebinos, dReSi 1-dan 2 laramde unda
gadauxado. magaze konfliqtic araerTxel momsvlia. calke obieqtebs/maRaziebs/restornebs winaswar Txoven, rom klientebs adgili Seunaxon“, - ambobs mZRoli aleqsi. maT saqmianobas aravin akontrolebs, Sesabamisad, pasuxis moTxovnac rTulia. Tbilisis meria adasturebs, rom am adamianebis saqmianoba meriis mier ar kontroldeba. „si-Ti parkis“ sazogadoebasTan urTierTobis samsaxuris ufrosi, levan tabiZe aRniSnavs, rom kompanias Carevisa da „staianSikebisTvis“ saqmianobis akrZalvis ufleba ar aqvT. es ukanasknelni msgavs faqtebs an uaryofen, an imiT xsnian, rom ojaxi hyavT sarCeni. sajaro adgilebze parkingis kontrols eqskluziurad „si-Ti parki axorcielebs“. Tu mZRols Sesabimisi nebarTva aqvs nayidi, romelic Tbilisis teritoriaze arsebuli sajaro parkingiT sargeblobis uflebas aZlevs, mas SeuZlia, „staianSikis“ daxmarebaze uari Tqvas da fuli ar gadauxados. aRsaniSnavia, rom e.w staianSiki ar aris uflebamosili sajaro parkirebiT sargeblobisTvis anazRaureba moiTxovos. mas SeuZlia anazRaureba mxolod mis mier gaweuli damxarebisTvis moiTxovos, aRniSnuli daxmarebis gaweva ki mZRolis nebazea damokidebuli. xSirad, „staianSikebi“ sajaro parkings kerZo parkingad asaReben. maSin, roca quCaSi kerZo parkingi ver iqneba, radgan quCa qalaqis nawilia, qalaqs ki meria „ganagebs“. kerZo parkingi SeiZleba calke gamoyofil teritoriaze iyos, sadac specialuri SesasvleliTa da parkingiT sargeblobisTvis fulis moTxovnis SemTxvevaSi, Ceksac gaZleven. swored es adasturebs, rom adgili ker-
Zo sakuTrebaa. Sesabamisad, Tu manqanas “siTi-parkis” zonaSi ayenebT da „staianSiki“ manqanis dayenebis uflebas ar gaZlevT, am SemTxvevaSi, policiis mimarTvisa da sazogadoebrivi adgilis TviTneburad SezRudvisTvis Sesabamisi zomebis miReba SegiZliaT. amis moTxovnis uflebas samarTaldaRvevaTa kodeqsis 152-e muxli ganiWebT: “sazogadoebrivi adgilebiT sargeblobis TviTneburi SezRudva gamoiwvevs, fizikur pirTa dajarimebas 500 laris odenobiT, xolo iuridiul pirTa - 2000 lariT. darRvevis gamousworebloba dajarimebidan 20 dRis vadaSi fizikur pirebiTvis - 3000 larian, xolo iuridiuli pirebisTvis 4000 larian jarimas iTvaliswinebs. aRniSnuli wesi moqmedebs ara mxolod „staianSikebTan“ dakavSirebiT, aramed sxva nebismier SemTxvevaSic, roca xdeba sajaro parkingis an sajaro adgilebze gadaadgilebisTvis xelis SeSla”. ra uflebiT zRudaven „staianSikebi“ parkings, uxdian Tu ara vinmes Tanxas amaSi, vin anawilebs adgilebs - kiTxvis niSnis qveS rCeba. Tumca, Tu Tqven „siTi parkis“ Tanxa gadaxdili gaqvT da TqvenTvis gaugebaria, ratom unda ixadoT damatebiT 20 TeTri, gaiTvaliswineT: isargeblebT Tu ara misi daxmarebiT, mxolod Tqven survilzea damokidebuli. Tqven gaqvT sruli ufleba, Tavisuflad daaparkingoT manqana sajaro parkingis adgilebSi, miuxedavad gareSe piris yovelgvari akrZalvisa.
gvanca silikaSvili
gafeSqaSebuli saxelmwifo qoneba saqarTvelos mTavrobis 21 seqtembris gankargulebis Tanaxmad, sapatriarqos usasyidlod sakuTrebaSi gadaeca boboyvaTis rezidencia - qobuleTSi mdebare 149 796 kv.m arasasoflo-sameurneo daniSnulebis miwis nakveTi, masze arsebuli 18 Senoba-nagebobiT da moZravi qonebiT. garda amisa, saxelmwifo qonebis erovnulma saagentom saqarTvelos samociqulo avtokefalur marTlmadidebel eklesias usasyidlo uzufruqtis uflebiT gadasca boboyvaTis rezidenciis mimdebare sanapiro zoli - qobuleTSi, 11 810 kv.m arasasoflo-sameurneo daniSnulebis miwis nakveTi da masze arsebuli Senoba-nagebobebi 49 wlis vadiT. boboyvaTis rezidenciis gayidvas ki xelisufleba sul mcire 25 milionad apirebda. rezidenciis gayidva iyo nawili “qamrebis SemoWeris” politikisa, rac aqtualuri laris kursis gaufasurebis pirobebSi gaxda. magram mTavrobam gayidvis nacvlad eklesias gadasca da sanacvlod, 60 dRis vadaSi, sapatriarqom saxelmwifos unda daubrunos mis mflobelobaSi arsebuli Sps “krwanisis tye-parkis” 100%, romelic prezidentis gankargulebiT sapatriarqos 2010 wels 1 larad gadaeca. am faqts gamoexmaura saqarTvelos finansTa ministri, nodar xaduri. “iq iyo qonebis Canacvleba da TavisTavad cxadia, rom saxelmwifom ufro meti saprivatizacio obieqtebi miiRo, romlebsac ufro meti sainvesticio datvirTva eqneba”. Tumca, xaduris sityvebi saeWvoa: rogor eqneba „krwanisis tye-parks“ ufro meti sainvesticio datvirtva, roca is ar aris saprivatizacio obieqti da masze arafris mSenebloba ar SeiZleba. meore mxares ki aris boboyvaTis rezidencia, Tavisi 18 SenobiTa da zRvis sanapiro zoliT. „gaakeTes komentarebi, rom krwanisis tye-parki ufro Rirebulia, vidre boboyvaTi, Tumca, es vin Seafasa, rogor daTvales - calke Temaa da, meore, tye-parks ver gamoiyeneb ise, rogorc SeiZleba gamoiyeno, vTqvaT, zRvis sanapiro zoli. tye-parks aqvs specialuri statusi da iq Tu korpusebs Cadgam, tye-parki aRar iqneba. Tu Seucvli statuss da sxva datvirTvas miscem, es ukve calke gansjis sagania - saerTod unda Seucvalo Tu ara statusi“. - ganacxada saias iuristma, sulxan salaZem. giorgi kvirikaSvilma, saqarTvelos ekonomikisa da mdgradi ganviTarebis ministrobis dros, telekompania ,,rusTavi 2-is“ pirdapir eTerSi ganacxada, rom laris gaufasurebis SesaCereblad, is gegmavda farTomasStabian privatizacias. aseTi gancxadebis Semdeg Cndeba logikuri kiTxva: ratom ar gayides 34 milionad Sefasebuli qoneba da ratom gadasces is sapatriarqos? iqneb imitom, rom arCevnebi modis da iqneb imitom, rom sapatriarqos didi gavlena aqvs xalxze da Cveni mTavrobebi Ta-
8
vianTi arsebobis gasaxangrZliveblad yovelTvis cdiloben eklesias asiamovnon? saqarTvelos saxelmwifosa da saqarTvelos samociqulo avtokefalur marTlmadidebel eklesias Soris 2002 wels dadebuli 12 muxliani konstituciuri SeTanxmebis ramdenime muxli marTmadideblur eklesias gansakuTrebul statuss da privilegiebs aniWebs. „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba saqarTvelos“ kvlevis Tanaxmad 2002 wlidan 2013 wlamde saqarTvelos xelisuflebam 200 milioni lari gamouyo sapatriarqos. dafinanseba araTanabari iyo da yovewliurad izrdeboda, maqsimums 2009 wels miaRwia da 26 milioni lari Seadgina. 2013 wlidan ki sapatriaros yovelwliurad stabilurad 25 milioni gadaecema. am dafinasnebis garda, saxelmwifo qonebas simbolur fasad Cuqnian sapatriarqos: marto bolo oTxi
wlis ganmavlobaSi sapatriarqos usasyidlod gadaeca milion kv.metrze meti uZravi qoneba. aRsaniSnavia is, rom gadacemuli uZravi qonebis 25% TbilisSi mdebareobs. aseve sainteresoa, rom gadacemuli qonebis ricxvi dramatulad imatebs xolme arCevnebis win. mTlianad ki saqarTvelos teritoriaze sapatriarqos mflobelobaSia 1204 heqtari miwis nakveTia. am Suasaukuneobrivi tradiciis oficialuri mizezi aris zemoxsenebuli SeTanxmebis meTormete muxli, romlis mixedviTac 1921-90 wlebSi eklesias materialuri da moraluri ziani miayenes da saxelmwifo iRebs valdebulebas materialuri zianis nawilobriv kompen-
saciaze. Tumca cota gaugebaria, ratom iRebs saqarTvelos saxelmwifo amgvar valdebulebas. saqarTvelo ar aris sabWoTa kavSiris samarTalmemkvidre da Sesabamisad aranairi valdebuleba ar SeiZleba hqondes mas. saxelmwifosa da eklesias Soris miRweuli SeTanxmebis erT-erTi muxli eklesias aTavisuflebs gadasaxadebisagan. ,,qoneba, TavisTavad, arc kargia da arc cudi. cudia, Tu is angarebasTan, momxveWelobasTan, pirad gamorCenasTan da ukanonobasTan aris dakavSirebuli; qoneba kargia, Tu is moyvasis siyvaruls emsaxureba, gamoiyeneba gaWirvebulis daxmarebisTvis, gamoiyeneba dovlaTis gasamravleblad, romelic isev moyvass (xalxs) moemsaxureba”- ganacxada Teologma levan abaSiZem. Tumca, TDI-sa da EMC-is mier Catarebuli erToblivi kvleva gviCvenebs, rom sapatriarqo Tavisi Semosavlebis mxolod 1% xarjavs socialur msaxurebaSi, qvelmoqmedebaSi. ori aTaswleulis win qristem ierusalimis taZridan vaWrebi, momxveWelebi, vercxlis moyvarulni gaaZeva. da modi, warmovidginoT - rogor moiqceoda is dRes?
Tornike xvTisiaSvili horizonti
19 noemberi
biznes-inovaciebi
warsulisa da Tanamedroveobis sinTezi RvinoSi qarTuli Rvinis uZvelesi saxeobebi erT sivrceSi - idea,romelic qarTvel students, daTo nadiraZes daebada, saqarTveloSi uZvelesi qarTuli Rvinis SemecnebiTi muzeumis daarsebas gulisxmobs. muzeumis koncefcia sabWos mmarTvelobis models daeufuZneba, integrirebuli iqneba turizmTan da damTvalierebels qarTuli kulturis ukeT SemecnebaSi daexmareba. Rvinis muzeumis daarsebis idea, pirvelad, iutas muzeumTa asociaciis mier organizebul konferenciaze gaJRerda. inovaciurma biznesideam, romelsac msoflioSi jerjerobiT analogi ar hyavs, muzeumis Temebze momuSave organizaciebis, maT Soris samxreTi amerikis muzeumTa asociaciebis, didi interesi gamoiwvia. daTo nadiraZe ganaTlebis saerTaSoriso centris dafinansebiT iutas universitetis art-administrirebis samagistro programaze swavlobs. misi amocanaa qarTuli kulturisa da xelovnebis ganviTareba am kuTxiT momuSave organizaciebis gaZlierebis gziT. Rvinis muzeumis koncefciisa da Rirebulebis Sesaxeb, ufro meti informaciis mopovebis mizniT, gazeTi ,,horizonti“ daTo nadiraZes aSS-Si daukavSirda. daTo nadiraZe: ,,21-e saukuneSi da 21-e saukunis Semdeg, omebi da konfliqtebis mizezi kultura da kulturuli gansxvavebebi iqneba da gadarCebian is qveynebi, romlebsac eqnebaT Zlieri kultura“, - es ar aris Cemi sityvebi, es aris msoflios wamyvani politikosebis sityvebi. imisTvis, rom Zlieri kultura gqondes, es kultura, Cvens cxovrebasTan, mentalobasTan da identobasTan unda iyos integrirebuli. Sesabamisad, iseTi movlenebi, rogoricaa, qarTvelebisTvis medicina, aietis asuli medeasgan, kavkasiidan rkinis gavrceleba msoflioSi, Tafli, Rvino, da mravali sxva movlena, romelic uZvelesia, qmnis Cvens identobas, gvayalibebs qarTvel erad da gvaZlierebs. kultura gangvasxvavebs sxva adamianebisgan, kultura aris isic, Tu rogor vesalmebiT erTmaneTs“. - ratom mainc da mainc Rvinis muzeumi da ara , magaliTad, tradiciuli samosis, romelic SeiZleba aranakleb saintereso yofiliyo? - uZvelesi Rvinis SemecnebiTi muzeumi, Cemi erT-erTi ideaa, romelsac saqarTveloSi dabrunebis Semdeg ganvaxorcieleb. pirveli, Tu ratom avirCie Rvino, aris is, rom msoflioSi ar arsebobs Rvinis muzeumi, arsebobs mxolod
horizonti
konkretuli kerZo kompaniebis mier daarsebuli muzeumebi, romlebic ZiriTadad komerciuli miznebisTvisaa Seqmnili. Rvino da Rvinis kultura iseTi sakiTxia, romelic msoflioSi win iwevs da kidev ufro wamoiwevs. es aris msoflio donis kultura ,romelic marketingulad erT-erTi yvelaze momgebiani muzeumi iqneba. aseve, Rvino imitom avirCie, rom qarTuli identobis gamyarebisTvis Semewyo xeli. kulturaSi yovelTvis mimzidvelia sakraluri sakiTxebi. is, rac idumalia da adamianebs Semecnebuli ar aqvT, yovelTvis sainteresoa. uZvelesi qarTuli teqnologiiT Rvinis damzadebis teqnikis, qvevris princi pis, miwaSi myofi ,,mZinare Rvinis“ da sxva koncefciebis integrirebas Tu SevZlebT, nebismieri erisTvis da kulturisTvis Zalian saintereso iqneba. Sesabamisad gayidvadic,ra Tqma unda, aq kulturuli memkvidreobis gayidva ar igulisxmeba. - Tqven ambobT, rom Rvinis SemecnebiTi muzeumis Seqmnis idea gaqvT,ra etapi iqneba Semecneba am proeqtSi? - Tuki Cven varT iuruli periodis muzeumSi, sadac dinozavrebia warmodgenili, adamians SeuZlia naxos dinozavrebis ConCxebi moZrav procesSi, anu SeigrZnos rogor moZraobdnen, darbodnen, nadirobdnen. msgavsi gaxsnili procesis naxvas evropasa da amerikaSi samecniero ti pis muzeums uwodeben. qarTul TargmanSi me amas davarqvi SemecnebiTi da ara samecniero muzeumi. Sesabamisad, Rvinis muzeumSi adamianebs, Rvinis warmoebis SemTxvevaSi saSualeba unda hqondeT igrZnon is temperatura, romelic qvevrSia, sineste, romelic, magaliTad, Rvinos axasiaTebs, is suni da qarTuli xmebi, romelic venaxTan asocirdeba - es yvelaferi aris Semecneba. adamiani,
romelic yofila rTvelSi, aqvs SesaZlebloba Seimecnos qarTuli Rvinis warmoebis teqnologia, aseTive sulis matarebeli unda iyos es muzeumic. Tuki kulturam da xelovnebam Semecnebis kuTxiT Senze STabeWdileba ar moaxdina, rTulia Semecneba. - Tqvens saubars Tu daveyrdnobiT, es proeqti sakmaod masStaburia, interaqciulia da Sesabamisad did TanxebTanaa dakavSirebuli da erTgvari riskfaqtoria... geTanxmebi, erTi SexedviT es sworia, magram Cven Tu fuls daviTvliT da finansebamde daviyvanT, imas Tu vin varT, vin viyaviT, vin gvinda, rom viyoT da vis gvinda rom gadavceT Cveni identoba, pirobas gaZlevT, rom aseTi ideebi ar ganxorcieldeba. SeiZleba, esec aris erT-erTi mizezi imisa, Tu ratom ar aqvs msoflios aseTi ti pis muzeumi. muzeumis koncefciidan gamomdinare, muzeumisTvis Tanamedrove xelovnebis nimuSebis Seqmna gvWirdeba, romelmac Tavisi SinaarsiT,qarTul uZveles kulturas xazi unda gausvas da gaaZlieros. Cven uZvelesi kulturis Seqmna ar gvWirdeba, imitom, rom masalis yvelaze didi nawili ukve gvaqvs. Sesabamisad, saWiroa saxelmwifos mxridan kulturis mniSvnelobis swori gageba, ideis mxardaWera, kerZo biznesis CarTuloba, sazogadoebis maRali interesi da imis gageba, Tu ratomaa aseTi kulturuli movlena mniSvnelovani sazogadoebisTvis. es muzeumi ar unda iyos saxelmwifo, es muzeumi unda iyos xalxis. dafinansebis procesSi sazogadoeba aqtiurad unda iyos CarTuli, ara imitom rom xalxis fuliT unda gakeTdes, aramed imitom, rom sazogadoebam unda igrZnos pasuxismgebloba sakuTari kulturis mimarT. - gawerili gaqvT biujeti proeqtisTvis? - konkretul cifrs ar vasaxeleb da agixsniT, ratom. muzeumi dafuZnebulia sabWos ti pis mmarTvelobaze. muzeums marTavs ara 2-3 adamiani, aramed sabWo, romelic sxvadasxva sferos warmomadgenlebisgan Sedgeba: biznesi, jandacva, marketingi, xelovneba, turizmi da sxva. pirveli Sre aris sabWo da menejmenti, meore Sre sazogadoebrivi azris Semqmnelebi: istorikosebi,mecnierebi, fermerebi, qalebi, sasuliero pirebi da sxva. mesame Sre xelovanebi, mxatvrebi, arqiteqtorebi, fizikosebi, kuratorebi, media xelovanebi anu adamianebi, romlebmac unda imuSaon samuzeumo masalis Seqmnasa da instalaciaze. pirveli Sre uzrunvelyofs, rom maqsimaluri sargebeli (finansuri, materialuri da adamianuri resursi) moutanos muzeums, meore Sre sazogadoebrivi azris Seswavlas, Seqmnas da Camoyalibebas. mesame Sre meoredan
miRebuli gadawyvetilebebiT ukve qmnis samuzeumo artefaqtebs. yvelaferi,rogorc horizontalurad, ise vertikalurad, erTmaneTzea gadajaWvuli. es aris mizezi, Tu ratom ar vambob aseTi ti pis muzeumis dafinansebis konkretul cifrs. me ar vici, ra ti pis mxardaWera meqneba, rodesac saqarTveloSi davbrundebi. - ra mniSvneloba aqvs samuzeumo adgilis sworad SerCevas? - Tbilisi iyo, aris da iqneba ekonomikurad Zlieri adgili, radgan dedaqalaqia, magram regionebs mixedva da gaZliereba sWirdebaT. siRnaRi imitom avirCie, rom TbilisTan axlosaa, aseve mniSvnelovania siRnaRis xedi da potenciali. warmoidgineT siRnaRis mTaze rkaliseburi liandagi romelzec iqneba, magaliTad, moZravi kafe/vagoni, romelic dizainiT TanxvedraSi unda modiodes kulturul garemosTan. Sen SegiZlia muzeumis daTvalierebis Semdeg aseT adgilze SesTavazo damTvalierebels Rvinisa da sxva tradiciuli kerZebis degustacia. warmoidgineT, ramdenad zrdis es yvelaferi turistul potencials, aramarto adgilobriv, aramed saerTaSoriso turistul doneze. erT dRes ,,guglSi“ avkrefT msoflios uZveles Rvinis SemecnebiT muzeums da amoagdebs saqarTvelos. - bevri qarTuli kulturisa da tradiciebis damcveli SeiZleba SemogedavoT, rom Tanamedrove teqnologiebiT xels uSli kulturis pirvelad aRqmas es gamowveva yovelTvis iarsebebs da arasdros moiSleba. art-menejeris erT-erTi funciaa, daicvas xelovneba sxva interesebis SemoWrisgan da gaxados kultura da xelovneba maqsimalurad avtonomiuri. aseTi profesionalebi Cven, princi pSi, ar gvyavs,erTeulebze ar vsaubrob. Cemi amocanaa, Zveli daukavSirdes Tanamedroveobas ise, rom araferi moakldes, piriqiT, Tanamedrove teqnologiebi imisTvis aris, rom gamoviyenoT, gavaZlieroT da amiT ukeT warmovaCinoT warsuli. Tu amas ver SevZlebT, es imas niSnavs, rom Cven ar varT profesionalebi da Cveni amocana ver SevasruleT. Tu piradad me, Tanamedrove teqnologiebisa da Tanamedrove xelovnebis gamoyenebiT uZvelesi kulturis saTanadod warmoCinebas xeli ver Sevuwyve, es imas niSnavs, rom profesiuli valdebulebebi ver Sevasrule da gamousadegari var, rogorc profesionali...
salome Caduneli
9
biznes-inovaciebi/samxedro
19 noemberi
maraToni hakaTonSi
iaf muSaxels amofarebuli qveynis Tavdacva savaldebulo samxedro samsaxurSi saSemodgomo gawveva sul 3 348 wvevamdels miuvida. aqedan Tavdacvis saministros SeiaraRebuli Zalebis qvedanayofebSi gasawvevi moqalaqeebis raodenoba 1050-iT, Sinagan saqmeTa saministros gasamxedroebul qvedanayofebSi- 1350-iT, xolo saqarTvelos sasjelaRsrulebisa da probaciis saministroSi 998 wvevamdeliT ganisazRvra. gadanawilebis konkretul kriteriumebs kanonmdebloba ar gvTavazobs. amitom centraluri gamwvevi komisiis ufleba mosileba am sakiTxSi Zalian didia, SesaZlebelia misi mxridan uflebamosileb a arasworadac ki iyos gamoyenebuli. Sesabamisad, iseTi fsiqologiuri problemebis mqone pirovneba ganawildes im adgilas, sadac ar SeiZleba misi gaSveba. am dros SeiZleba safrTxe Seeqmnas adamianis sicocxlis uflebasac ki. miTumetes, roca saqme exeba sasjelaRsrulebisa da probaciis saministros SeiaraRebul qvedanayofs, sadac jariskacebi gansakuTrebul fsiqologiur zewolas ganicdian, samoqalaqo pirebis mxridan da calkeul SemTxvevebSi patimrebisganac. aRsaniSnavia rom, fsiqologiuri wnexis gamo zogierTi jariskaci suicidamdec misula.
TbilisSi, ramdenime kviraSi, kidev erTi masStaburi hakaToni - HackTBILISI Fall 2015 gaimarTeba, romelSic 200-mde axalgazrda miiRebs monawileobas. proeqtis erT-erTi organizatoris, oTo zaqalaSvilis, TqmiT, qarTul sazogadoebaSi hakaTonebis Sesaxeb mcdari warmodgenaa - kompaniebi ideebs ar afinanseben da es ar aris hakaTonis daniSnuleba. saqarTveloSi, studentebisa da moswavleebis inovaciuri ganviTarebis xelSewyobilis mizniT, arcTu ise didi xania, magram ukve intensiurad, hakaTonebi imarTeba. hakaTonebi warmoadgens adgils, sadac kompaniebi, kompiuteruli programirebis dargidan, sasurvel kadrebs eZeben, xolo aRniSnuli mimarTulebis studentebi - sasurvel damsaqmebels. kompaniebs unikaluri Sansi aqvT, rom realur droSi daakvirdnen potenciur kadrebs. hakaTonebis idea emsaxureba kacobriobis problemebis gadaWris gzas (an mis povnas) eleqtroinJineriisa da kompiuteruli mecnierebebis kuTxiT. pirveli hakaToni TbilisSi 2014 wlis ianvarSi gaimarTa, mas Semdeg ki proeqtma arnaxuli masStabebi SeiZina da ukve amave wlis 14 marts saqarTveloSi evropis yvelaze didi studenturi hakaToni HACK@MACS-i Catarda. proeqti sami dRis ganmavlobaSi gagrZelda da sul 300-mde studentsa Tu moswavles mouyara Tavi. proeqtSi monawileoba sxvebsac SeeZloT, Tumca, organizatorebis gadawyvetilebiT, saprizo fondi, romelic 10 000 lars Seadgenda, mxolod studentebsa da moswavleebze gadanawilda. agraruli universitetis studenti, laSa gogniaSvili, inovaciuri gamogonebebiT ukve Zalian didi xania dainteresebulia. misi pirveli Sexeba am sferosTan abiturientobis periodSi Sedga da dRemde ganagrZobs muSaobas, rom Tavisi ideebi ganaxorcielos. UNHACK GROUP-is mier Catarebul hakaTonze - ,,hakTbilisi“, laSam sammegobarTan erTad gundi Seqmna. ,,me da Cemma megobrebma - laSa yaryaraSvilma, laSa yaWeiSvilma da giorgi meSvelianma, hakaTonSi monawileoba imitom gadavwyviteT, rom ufro meti gamocdileba da codna dagvegrovebina am sferoSi. Cveni idea iyo yursasmenebi, romelsac telefonebi unda daetena da MP3 Player-i telefonisTvis, romlis gareSec yursasmeni ar imuSavebda. jgufSi movaleobebi gadavinawileT da pirvelive dRidan daviwyeT am yursasmenis amoqmedeba. Yyursasmenebis awyobisas, rasakvirvelia, sirTuleebsac gadavawydiT, Tumca hakaTonebi imiTaa saxelganTqmuli, rom yvela yvelas exmareba. ase moxda Cvens SemTxvevaSic – ramdenjerme sxva jgufis wevrebi dagvexmarnen, Cvenc vexmarebodiT sxvebs. Zalian megobruli atmosfero iyo”, - gviyveba laSa gogniaSvili.
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sami dRis Semdeg Catarebul gamofenaze, laSas gundis gamogoneba 15 naSromTan erTad, gamarjvebulad airCies. jgufis wevrebis TqmiT, isini gamarjvebas ar elodnen, radganac erTi monawilis garda, gamocdileba arcerT maTgans am sferoSi ar hqonia. rac Seexeba biWebis samomavlo miznebs, isini am ti pis yursasmenebis awyobasa da Semdeg biznesmaraTonSi monawileobas gegmaven. agreTve, agrZeleben muSaobas da yoveldRiurad xvdebian erTmmaneTs, raTa momaval konkursebs ufro momzadebulebi Sexvdnen. hakaTonebi imiT aris gamorCeuli, rom axalgazrdebis ideebi Zalian kreatiuli da inovaciuria. magaliTad, Tavisufali universitetis studentebisgan Semdgarma erT-erTma oTxeulma hakaTonze proeqti warmoadgina, romelic Tbilisis erT did vebbiblioTekad gadaqcevasa da nebismier adgilas Sesabamis literaturul nawarmoebTan dakavSirebas iTvaliswinebda. agreTve, erT-erTma gundma vebaplikaciaze imuSava, romelic xmasTan iyo dakavSirebuli da misi amocnobis safuZvelze, konkretul sityvasa Tu teqsts gadaTargmnida. proeqtebis nusxa didia, Tqven SexvdebiT ,,Wkvian kalaTas” , romelic hi permarketebSi momxmareblebs damoukideblad gahyveba; specialur quds, romlis saSualebiT Cven SegveZleba davtenoT smartfoni da paralelurad - movusminoT musikas; aplikacias, romelic saCuqrebis SerCevaSi dagvexmareba; proeqts, romelic usinaTloebs gadaadgilebaSi daexmareba. miuxedavad imisa, rom hakaTonebis idea Zalian saintereso da wamaxalisebelia, saqarTveloSi arcerTi proeqti ar gayidula. ,,Cven hakaTonebs im ideiT ar vakeTebT, rom kompaniebma monawile gundebi da maTi proeqtebi daafinanson. hakaTonis mizani sul sxva ramea - es aris unikaluri saSualeba studentebisTvis, warmoaCinon sakuTari SesaZleblobebi. diax, isini sakuTar ideebze muSaoben, magram hakaToni ar uzrunvelyofs am ideebis realizebas. am proeqtebSi studentebi mxolod sakuTar SesaZleblobebs warmoaCenen“, aRniSnavs oTo zaqalaSvili. konkursi ukve Zalian masStaburia da konkurenciac - Zalian didi. ukve araerTi axalgazrda cdilobs warmoaCinos da ganaviTaros sakuTari ideebi, romlebic sakmaod saintereso da kreatiulia. dafinansebis SemTxvevaSi ki qarTuli sazogadoeba am proeqtebs ganxorcielebuli saxiTac ixilavs.
beqa, romelmac savaldebulo samxedro samsaxuri geguTis cixeSi gaiara, iq arsebul mdgomareobaze gviyveba. „xSirad modiodnen qurduli mentalitetisa da ZvelbiWuri sulis nasvami samoqalaqo pirebi, romlebic gvaginebdnen da Seuracxyofas gvayenebdnen imis gamo, rom „kai biWebs vdarajobdiT“, agresia patimrebisganac modioda, Tumca, Cven Tmenis valdebuleba gvqonda da pasuxs ver gavcemdiT. am yvelafris atana, ra Tqma unda, rTuli iyo da Cvengan did nebisyofasa da fsiqologiur mzaobas moiTxovda. garda amisa, gviwevda antisanitariul pirobebSi yofna, arc gvaWmevdnen da xelfasi, romelic 52 lari da 80 TeTri iyo, mgazavrobaSic ar gvyofnida. verc imas vityvi, TiTqos iseTi momzadeba gaviareT, rom brZolis dros Tavis dacva SevZloT. erTi wlis manZilze erTxel viyaviT srolebze da 15 tyvia gvasrolines. Cveni wasvla qveynis dasacavad, iqneba sasikvdilod gaSveba.“ samxedro savaldebulo gawvevis Temaze saubrobs wyaro, romelmac vinaobis gamxela ar isurva. misi TqmiT, braldebebi, romlis mixedviTac jariskacebi sasjelaRsrulebiT dawesebulebebSi wnexis qveS arian, simarTles ar Seesabameba. „sxva qvedanayofebTan SedarebiT, sasjelaRsrulebis qvedadanayofebSi yvelaze meti Tavisufleba jariskacebs aqvT da is, rom isini fsiqologiuri wnexis qveS eqcevian, saR azrs moklebulia. SeiZleba dRes adamians aranairi fsiqologiuri problema ar etyobodes, Tumca xval sicocxle suicidiT daamTavros. amisgan aravin varT dazRveulebi. Tuki, jariskacs piradi problemebi aqvs, es mis samxedro samsaxurs ar unda davabraloT. ver vityvi, rom esenic iseT momzadebas gadian, rogorsac yazarmebSi, magram am organoebs sWirdebaT wvevamdelebis Stati. radganac, qveyanas ar aqvs imis saSualeba, rom ramdenime aTas kontraqtors 2000-lariani xelfasi gadauxados.“- ambobs anonimuri wyaro. fsiqologi qeTi Telia ki Tvlis, rom iseT dawesebulebebSi, rogorebic cixe da koloniaa, fsiqologiuri arasandoobis faqtori aris, vinaidan asakobrivi jgufi 18-dan 27 wlamde meryeobs. ,,am asakaSi maT umetesobas ar aqvs Camoyalibebuli, pirovnuli maxasiaTeblebi da fsiqika. garda amisa, adamianis fsiqikuri mdgomareoba SeiZleba yovel wams Seicvalos. unda xdebodes jariskacebis mudmivi monitoringi, rac, jerjerobiT, saqarTveloSi ar xdeba da veWvob, es praqtika arc axlo momavalSi dainergeba. mxolod perimetris dacvas,
rom Tavi davaneboT, cixeebSi patimris gaqcevis mcdelobis riskia, rodesac jariskacs SeiZleba dasWirdes adamianis SeCereba daWris an likvidaciis gziT, rac wvevamdelis fsiqikaze cudad aisaxeba.“- yveba qeTi Telia. samxedro Jurnal „arsenalis“ redaqtors, irakli aladaSvils, miaCnia, rom sasjelaRsrulebis departamentebSi sakontrolo koSkurebze wvevamdelebis dayenebas sjobs, kontraqtiT daqiravebuli dacva idges. ,,jariskacs patimris iaraRiT SeCereba rom mouwios, misi fsiqika ufro daucvelia, vidre imisi, vinc kontraqtiT, Tavisi nebiT, midis amaze. magaliTad, mesazRvreebma uari Tqves wvevamdelebis miRebaze. meTaurebs urCevniaT, rom kontraqtorebi hyavdeT, radganac Tuki rames daaSaveben, masze ufro meti dasjis berketi aqvT, vidre jariskacze, romelsac motivacia ar gaaCnia.“- ambobs irakli aladaSvili. am sakiTxze Tavisi mosazreba aqvs „saias“ iurists, nika simoniSvils. “samxedro savaldebulo samsaxuris klasikuri mizani aris qveynis Tavdacvis unarianobis amaRleba da uzrunvelyofa. zogadad, gawvevas axorcielbs centraluri gamwvevi komisia, am komisiasTan arsebobs samxedro samedicino eqspertiza, romelic wvevamdelebs amowmebs samedicino kuTxiT, rogorc fizikurad, ise fsiqikuradac. wvevamdeli samxedro samsaxurisTvis SeiZleba iyos vargisi, uvargisi, Sereulad vargisi an umniSvnelod uvargisi da am kategoriebis mixedviT nawildebian saministroebSi. SesaZlebelia, eqspertizis daskvnac ar iyos kvalificiuri. sayuradReboa is, rom kanonmdebloba msaxurobis periodSi ar iZleva saSualebas ganawilebulebi gadamowmdnen, SesaZloa Seicvala am periodSi maTi fsiqologiuri an fizikuri mdgomareoba.zogadad, savaldebulo samxedro samsaxurSi gawvevis procesi kanonmdeblobiT arasrulyofilia, radganac komisiasTan arsebul samuSao jgufs ar gaaCnia konkretuli instruqcia, romlis mixedviTac unda gadaanawilos esa Tu is piri.“ sanam kanonmdeblobaSi arsebuli xarvezebiT dainetersdebian da maT gamoswrorebaze dafiqrdebian, saSemodgomo gawveviT isedac ekonomikur krizisSi myofi qveyana, kvlavac dazogavs Tanxebs qveynis Tavdacvaze.
naTia cqifuriSvili juna noniaSvili
natalia jalaRonia
horizonti
19 noemberi
samxedro
migviyvans ,,delta” natomde?! 2015 wlis 17 oqtombers organizacia GTF-m (Global Firepower) samxedro Zalisa da perspeqtivebis mixedviT qveynebis sia gamoaqveyna. saqarTvelom 126 qveynidan 75-e adgili daikava. organizaciis gancxadebiT, maT qveynebi 50 faqtoris gaTvaliswinebiT Seafases da TiToeuli eris siZlieris indeqsi gansazRvres: „kvlevam SedarebiT patara da teqnologiurad ganviTarebul qveynebs SesaZlebloba misca sakuTari Tavi did da naklebad ganviTarebul qveynebTan SeedarebinaT. Cven vimedovnebT, rom kvleva mocemuli qveynebis potenciurad konvenciuri samxedro Zalis obieqtur suraTs gviCvenebs, raTa daiwyos jansaRi debatebi.“ organizaciam qveynebis Sefasebisas mxedvelobaSi ar miiRo birTvuli SesaZleblobebi da kvleva haerSi, xmeleTsa da zRvaze eris potenciur brZolisunarianobaze daafuZna. masSi aseve gaerTianebulia iseTi Rirebulebebi, romlebic ukavSirdeba resursebs, finansebsa da geografias. Tanamedrove qarTuli jari TavdacviTi omebisTvis aris momzadebuli da maragdeba aramxolod ucxouri, aramed adgilobrivi produqciiTac. saqarTveloSi iaraRis adgilobrivi warmoeba ssstc „deltas“ ( saxelmwifo samxedro samecniero-teqnikuri centri „delta“ ) ukavSirdeba. „deltam“ XX saukunis Sua periodidan (60-iani wlebi) daiwyo warmoeba, xolo 90-ian wlebSi mTlianad Tavdacvis saministros daqvemdebarebis qveS gadavida. dRevandeli saxiT is 2010 wlidan arsebobs, mas Semdeg, rac saqarTvelos yofili prezidentis, mixeil saakaSvilis, gadawyvetilebiT, kompania sajaro samarTlis iuridiuli piri gaxda. mas qveynis eqvsi samecniero-kvleviTi instituti da Tbilisis 31-e saaviacio qarxana daeqvemdebara. dRes ssstc ,,delta“ orientirebulia TavdacviTunarianobis amaRlebaze. deltas sazogadoebasTan urTierTobebis specialistma, giga inaSvilma ganacxada: „am etapze Cven vmuSaobT, rogorc TavdacviTi SeiaraRebis, aseve samoqalaqo proeqtebis mimarTulebiT.“ „delta“-s ZiriTadi misia saqarTvelos erovnuli interesebidan gamomdinareobs da miznad isaxavs, qveynis brZolisunarianobis amaRlebas, Sida politikisa da Tavdacvis gaZlierebas. kompania axorcielebs ultraTanamedrove da uaxlesi, natos standartebis mixedviT aRiarebuli teqnikisa Tu produqtis daproeqtebas, Seqmnasa da danergvas. ssstc „delta“ Semdegi saxis samxedro teqnikasa da aRWurvilobas awarmoebs: javSanteqnika (javSantransportiori ,,didgori’’, msubuq qveiTTa sabrZolo manqana ,,lazika’’), artileria (sxvadasxva saxis naRmmtyorcnebi da zalpuri cecxlis reaqtiuli sistema), avia-
horizonti
cia (upiloto sahaero sistema da Sveulmfrenebi), individualuri SeiaraReba (tyviamfrqvevebi, SaSxanebi, pistoletebi, mayuJebi, yumbarmtyorcnebi da naRmmtyorcni), sabrZolo masalebi (snai peruli vaznebi da tanksawinaaRmdego naRmi), sapolicio aRWurviloba (javSanJileti, sapolicio farebi), personaluri dacvis saSualebebi (sxvadasxva saxis javSanJiletebi da Cafxutebi) da sxva produqcia (universaluri sabrZolo modulebi, fuWi vaznebis sasroli mowyobiloba). giga inaSvilis TqmiT, axla “delta” upiloto vertmfrenze muSaobs da savaraudod, misi prezentacia ramdenime TveSi gaimarTeba. aseve iqneba freniTi da saCvenebeli gamocdebic. kompania ukve 5 welia xarisxian da dasavluri standartebis Sesabamis teqnikas, iaraRsa da aRWurvilobas awarmoebs. miuxedavad amisa, gaeros moqmedi reestris mixedviT ( www.un-register.org), romelic yovelwliurad sxvadasxva qveynebis iaraRebis eqsport/
importis angariSs aqveynebs, am dromde qarTuli produqtis eqsportze gatanis arc erTi faqti ar aris dafiqsirebuli. amasTan dakavSirebiT giga inaSvilma ganacxada: “daintereseba sakmaod didia, rogorc aRmosavleT evropis, aseve afrikisa da aziis qveynebidan. es yvelaferi garkveuli mizezebis gamo daxurul reJimSi mimdinareobs. konkretuli qveynebis SemTxveva-
Si, daitereseba aris saudis arabeTidan, egvi ptidan, samxreT koreidan da sxva bevri qveynidan. zustad ver getyviT rodis gava qarTuli iaraRi eqsportze. deltam sul raRac 2010 wlidan daiwyo seriuli warmoeba. es Zalian cota droa imisTvis, rom msoflio bazarze fexi moikido, radgan bazari gadavsebulia amerikuli, Cinuri da rusuli kompaniebiT. am mimarTulebiT muSaoba aqtiurad mimdinareobs da aris kargi siaxleebi.“ Cvens regionSic araerTi qveyanaa dainterebuli qarTuli nawarmiT. yvelaze maRali interesi azerbaijanis mxridanaa, romelsac
vnelovnad ganaviTarebs aRniSnul dargs. 3. mogvitans saerTaSoriso aRiarebas, prestiJs da gayidvebidan miRebul ekonomikur sargebels.“- ambobs giorgi goguaZe. saqarTvelos dRevandeli politikuri kursis gaTvaliswinebiT, sakuTari iaraRis warmoebasTan erTad, mniSvnelovania natoSi integraciis sakiTxi. erT-erTi kriteriumi, riTac natos wevri qveyana fasdeba, armiis SeiaraRebaa. miuxedavad imisa, rom saqarTveloSi warmoebuli iaraRi Tanamadrove moTxovnebs akmayofilebs, dResdReobiT, natos SemadgenlobaSi arian iseTi qveynebic, romelTa samxedro aRWurvilobac kvlav sabWouri warmoebisaa. samxedro analitikosis da samxedro Jurnal „arsenalis“ mTavari redaqtoris, irakli aladaSvilis TqmiT, natoSi gawevrianeba ufro politikuri sakiTxia. „saqarTveloze bevrad naklebi samxedro potencialis mqone ramdenime qveyana bolo dros gaxda natos wevri. ase rom, problema armiaSi araa. ar aqvs mniSvneloba qarTul armias ,,kalaSnikovi’’ eqneba Tu ,,m4’’. mTavari natos politikuri nebaa.“- ambobs irakli aladaSvili. misi azriT, sasurvelia gaizardos SeiaraRebuli Zalebis dafinanseba. dRes es Tanxa 600 milions Seadgens da momaval wels qarTuli javSantransportiori SesaZloa 670 milions miaRwios, ,,didgori-2’’ moswons. azerbaijan- magram es mainc araa sakmarisi. is teqnikuri aRWurvilobis mar- aucilebelia, rom cdebsa da swavagSi jer kidev rusuli „gradi“ lebebs sistematiuri saxe mieces. moi poveba. swored amitom, maTi samxedro biujetis ZiriTadi nawimxridan sakmaod maRali intere- li ki samxedro momsaxureebis xesia qarTul zcrs-122-zec, romel- lfasebs, mivlinebis xarjebs, soic rusul „gradze“ orjer swra- cialur uzronvelyofas da sxva fad isvris da masze bevri sxva sakiTxebs xmardeba. komponentiTac maRla dgas. aseve sabolood, SeiZleba iTqvas, rom qarTuli produqciiT dainterese- ar arsebobs natos standartebi bulni arian somxeTi, ruanda da SeiaraRebisa da armiis siZlieris gana, romlebmac samxedro ataSee- kuTxiT, arsebobs calkeuli midbi adgilzec gamogzavnes. gomebi da kriteriumebi. dRessamxedro sakiTxebSi eqspert- dReobiT saqarTvelos socialma, giorgi goguaZem, qarTuli Sei- ur-ekonomikuri kursi mTlianad araRebis ucxoeTis bazarze ga- dasavleTisken aris mimarTuli. tanis upiratesobebze isaubra da amis naTeli magaliTi sakuTari aRniSna, rom es saxelmwifos pri- samxedro iaraRis Seqmna da dapatoriteti da umniSvnelovanesi amo- entebaa. am produqciis eqsportze canaa. man am movlenis ramdenime gatana ki umniSvnelovanesi nabidadebiTi mxare gamoyo: jia qveynis ekonomikisa da samxe,,1. saxelmwifo avtomaturad, dro sferos ganviTarebisTvis. etapobrivad uars ambobs importirebul iaraRze, rac usafrTxo garemos Seqmnis erT-erTi winagiorgi qarTveliSvili pirobaa. 2. SeiaraRebis warmoeba mariam gabriWiZe mudmivad ganaxlebadi iqneba da ZiriTadad imuSavebs teqnologiebis daxvewaze, rac aseve mniS-
11
ekologia
19 noemberi
,,mwvane qalaqis“ kraxi
cota xnis win saqarTvelos mTavrobam gadawyvita,Tbilisis masStabiT moZravi holandiuri avtobusebi iaponuri markis ekologiurad sufTa hibriduli transportiT etapobrivad Caenacvlebina. am mizniT saqarTvelosa da iaponiis mTavrobebs Soris xelSekruleba 2015 wlis martSi gaformda, ris Semdegac 4 milioni aSS dolari gamoiyo. Tbilisis meris daviT narmanias gancxadebiT, es aris mniSvnelovani proeqti, romlic mwvane qalaqis koncefciis ganviTarebas pirdapir Seesabameba. misi TqmiT, am nabijiT qalaqSi gamonabolqvis moculoba Semcirdeba. SeTanxmebidan TiTqmis 9 Tvea mgzavris komfortulobis garda, gasuli, avtobusebis Semoyvanis ekologiazc izrunebda. am ori sakiTxi ki jer kidev bundovania komponentis gaTvaliswinebiT, da informacias misi Semoyvanis mecnierebma Seqmnes hibriduli TariRis Sesaxeb arc Tbilisis Zravis mqone avtomobili, rac meria da arc finansTa saministro ar avrcelebs. garda amisa, xelSekrulebis gaformebis dros ar aRniSnula, ra raodenobis avtobusi unda Semosuliyo TbilisSi, ris gamoc mosaxleobis umravlesoba Secda, radgan maT egonaT, rom hibriduli avtobusebi mTlianad Caanacvlebda arsebul transports. Tbilisis saqalaqo satransporto kompaniis moadgile, merab mamalaSvili, aRniSnavs, ,,hibriduli avtobusebis“ Semoyvanis proeqtma didi aJiotaJi gamoiwvia sazogadoebaSi, radgan iTavsebs benzinis Zravas da xalxs egona, rom inovaciuri akumulators. moZraobisas avtobusebi mTlianad Caanacvlebda akumulatori avtomaturad iteneba arsebuls. da mZRols marTvaSi diskomforts ,,aRniSnuli SeTanxmeba ar uqmnis. hibriduli transporti gulisxmobda TbilisisTvis dRes didi popularobiT mxolod 7-dan 10 erTeulamde sargeblobs ucxoeTSi. amgavri hibriduli avtobusis SeZenas“, - ti pis transportis gamoyeneba ambobs merab mamalaSvili. pirvelad 1997 wels daiwyes. sabWoTa kavSiris daSlis mecnierebis mier Catarebuli Semdeg qveynis masStabiT kvlevebis Sedegad hibriduli manqanebis raodenoba 200%- transportis raodenoba qveyanaSi iT gaizarda. mas Semdeg, rac ekologiur mdgomareobas pirveli avtomobili Seiqmna, haeri mkveTrad aumjobesebs. Tumca, metad dabinZurda. ekologiuri miuxedavad am transportis safrTxis erT-erTi ZiriTadi sargeblisa, mas mainc gamouCndnen gamomwvevi mizezi gamonabolqvia. mowinaaRmdegeebi, kerZod, problemis arsis gaazrebis benzinis mwarmoebeli kompaniebi, miuxedavad, manqanebis raodenoba romlebisTvisac aRniSnuli dRes yvelgan matulobs, maT transportis Semoyvana Semosavlis Soris saqarTveloSic. ratomRac, SemcirebasTan asocirdeboda. sazogadoebrivi transportiT isini SesaZleblobebis farglebSi gadaadgileba dabal socialur cdiloben, msgavsi tendenciis fenasTan asocirdeba. amis gamo, dablokvas da imis propagandas,rom yvelas, visac saWiro Tanxebi aqvs, benzinis alternatiuli sawvavi avtomobils yidulobs. manqanebis saSualebebi ar arsebobs. magram, ricxvis zrdasTan erTad izrdeba winaaRmdegobebis miuxedavad, haeris dabinZurebis procentuli msoflio mimarTulia ekologiuri wili. problemebis mogvarebisken, rasac mecnierebi, msoflios masStabiT, sasicocxlo mniSvneloba aqvs mravali wlis ganmavlobaSi adamianisa da dedamiwisTvis. problemis aRmosafxrelad ramdenad mniSvnelovania cdilobdnen,SeeqmnaT transportis TbilisisTvis aRniSnuli proeqtis inovaciuri saxeoba, romelic ganxorcieleba? am kiTxvaze
12
eqspertebi gansxvavebulad gvpasuxoben. “atmosferuli haeris dacvis sammarTvelos“ specialisti, noe megreliSvili, aRniSnavs, rom gamonabolqvi atmosferuli haeris dabinZurebis erT-erTi umTavresi wyaroa. „evropuli benzinis standarti Zalian maRalia da misi gamonabolqvi minimumamdea dayvanili. CvenTan yvela es kriteriumi ignorirebulia. hibriduli avtomobilebi ufro nakleb sawvavs moixmaren, vidre Cveulebrivi transportis
gansxvavebuli poziciebi aqvs ,,toiota centris’’ direqtors irakli gurCians. is onlain mediasaSualeba “www.icode.ge’’sTan saubrisas aRniSnavs, rom saqarTvelo Zalian Sorsaa evropuli standartebisgan yvela kriteriumiT da yvela im faqtoris gaTvaliswinebiT, rasac ekologiuri politikis SemuSaveba hqvia. misi TqmiT, im standartebiT, riTac dRes Tbilisis meria avtobusebs uvlis, hibridul avtobusebs ver mouvlis. „kiTxvis niSnis qveS dgas, ramdenad mzad aris Tbilisi aseTi avtobusebis misaRebad. sxvaTa Soris, yviTeli avtobusebis Semoyvanis Semdegac Seiqmna problemebi da igive moxdeba hibriduli avtobusebis Semoyvanis Semdegac. Cven mTlianad unda gadavxedoT Cvens teqnikur SesaZleblobebs. winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, SeiZleba am avtobusebis eqspluatacia gacilebiT Zviri dagvijdes, vidre maTi Semoyvana”. -aRniSnavs irakli gurCiani. saSualebebi. hibridul avtobuss TbilisSi ukve awarmoeben iseTive hibriduli Zravi aqvs, hibridul msubuq avtomobilebs, rogorc avtomobils, amitom is romelsac maRali fasis gamo ekologiurad gacilebiT sufTaa. mosaxloba ver yidulobs. albaT yvelas ginaxavT, Cvens hibriduli avtobusebis yviTel avtobusebs ra boli da SemoyvanasTan dakavSirebuli Wvartli gasdis. aseTi manqanebi aJiotaJi ki Cacxra. bundovania, qalaqSi aRar unda moZraobdnen. ra xdeba Tbilisis meriaSi, marTalia, hibriduli avtobusi CaiSala Tu ara proeqti da ras Cveulebrivze gacilebiT Zviria, apirebs saxelmwifo saqarTvelos magram Zalian bevri plusi aqvs. ekologiuri maCveneblis yvelaze didi plusi ki is aris, gasaumjobeseblad. rom janmrTeli mosaxleoba salome danelia gveyoleba.“-acxadebs noe megreliSvili.
horizonti
19 noemberi
ekologia
,,dRis wesrigi 21“
2014 weli gansakuTrebiT mZime dedofliswaros da siRnaRis raionis mosaxleobisTvis aRmoCnda. gvalvam marcvleuli kulturebis da yurZnis mosavlis 70 % gaanadgura, saZovrebi ki TiTqmis gamouyeneblad aqcia. mevenaxe SoTa bulaSvils sakuTari xeliT Cayrili vazi gauxma. Tavsxma wvimac rom mosuliyo, venaxs mainc veRar uSvelida. 2014 welTan erTad ki es zafxulic ise gailia, mis da aramarto mis miwaze wveTi ar Camovardnila. 1992 wels rio de JaneiroSi gamarTul konferenciaze (“rios samiti”) “garemo da ganviTareba”, saerTaSoriso Tanamegobrobam mdgradi ganviTarebis samoqmedo gegma miiRo, “dRis wesigi 21”, romelsac saqarTvelo 1994 wels SeuerTda. am dokumentma garemosdacviTi, ekonomikuri da socialuri problemebi erTian politikur CarCoSi moaqcia. “dRis wesrigi 21” Seicavs 2500-ze met rekomendacias, Tu ra gziT SevzRudoT bunebrivi resursebis uyairaTo moxmareba, rogor davicvaT atmosfero, okeane da biomravalferovneba, rogor davZlioT siRaribe da sxv. miuxedavad imisa, rom ukve ocdasam welze metia, rac es dokumenti miiRes, is aqtualobas mainc ar kargavs da SeiZleba iTqvas, rom zemoT aRniSnuli sakiTxebis ganxilva dRis wesrigSi dRes ufro metad dgas. dRes, vidre arasdros aSkaraa klimatis ryevis mTavari damadasturebeli faqtoris - “eqstremaluri movlenebis” (uxvi naleqi, gvalva da a.S) gaaqtiureba, kerZod, maTi sixSirisa da intensivobis zrda. saqarTvelos premier-ministrma, irakli RaribaSvilma, gaeros mdgradi ganviTarebis samitis farglebSi gamarTul, “Cveni planetis dacva da klimatur cvlilebebTan brZolis” meoTxe interaqtiul dialogSi klimatur cvlilebebze isaubra. man ganacxada, rom saqarTvelo, Tavisi gansakuTrebuli geografiuli mdebareobisa da mravalferovani klimaturi pirobebis gamo, klimaturi cvlilebebisgan sakmaod daucvelia. misi TqmiT, saqarTvelos xelisufleba cdilobs problemas mTeli qveynis masStabiT dabali naxSirbadis gamoyofis teqnologiebSi investiciebis waxalisebiT ebrZolos, raTa mosaxleba zianisgan daicvan. am TvalsazrisiT, mniSvnelovania SemuSavdes tyeebis gakafvisa da degradaciis Sedegad warmoqmnili mavne zemoqmedebis Semcirebis meqanizmi, ganviTardes sufTa satransporto momsaxureba. 2030 wlisTvis saqarTvelo “saTburis airebis” mavne zemoqmedebis 15%-mde Semcirebas apirebs. 2030 wlamde ki yuradRebis gadatana aq da axla arsebul prob-
horizonti
lemebzea umjobesi, romelic realur safrTxes Seicavs. dedofliswyaros raions da qvemo qarTls naleqis simciris gamo gaudabnoeba emuqreba. dedofliswyarosa da siRnaRSi mosavlis didi nawili sicxem gaanadgura. orive raionSi soflis meurneobis TiTqmis yvela
dargs gvalvam problema Seuqmna. SeiZleba iTqvas, rom SiraqSi wvima mosaxelobisTvis bolo ramdenime welia yvelaze did saswauls warmoadgens. am cvlilebebis gamo gansakuTrebiT is meurneebi zaraldebian, romelTa nakveTebic ar irwyveba. dedofliswyaroSi, sasoflo-sameurneo miwebis qarebisagan dasacavad, gasul saukuneSi 1 770 heqtar farTobze xeebi dairgo. 1990iani wlebidan, socialuri krizisis gamo, es qarsafari zolebi TiTqmis mTlianad saSeSed gaiCexa, ramac niadagis zeda fenis rRveva, daSla, gafantva da Camorecxva gamoiwvia. sasoflo-sameurneo miwebi, romlebic adre maRali nayofierebiT gamoirCeoda, faqtobrivad gamouyenebeli gaxda, maT Soris, Siraqis Savmiwa niadagebi. dedofliswyaros raionSi degradirebuli miwebi, adgilobrivi xelisuflebis monacemebiT, 4 064 heqtars aRwevs. isini veluri mcenareulobiT daifara, ris gamoc, amJamad am miwebis umetesi wili mitovebulia. miwis degradacia yvelaze aqtiurad zamTris saZovrebze mimdinareobs, romelTac raionis mTeli teritoriis 52% uWiravs. sabWoTa periodSi, cxvris farebis didi nawili tradiciulad daRestanSi, kaspiis zRvis sanapiroze mdebare zamTris saZovrebze gadairekeboda. 1990-iani wlebis dasawyisSi es praq-
tika, politikuri movlenebis gamo, romelic samoqalaqo omsa da qveynis teritoriuli erTianobis rRvevaSi gamoixateboda, SeCerda da axla darCenili farebis umetesi nawili dedofliswyaros raionis zamTris saZovrebze dahyavT. „marTalia, saqarTveloSi ar aris mZlavri sawarmoebi, magram klimatur cvlilebebs “saTburis gazebis” ZiriTad wyarosTan avtomobilebTan, eleqtroenergiis gamomuSavebasTan da gaTbobisTvis gamoyenebul bunebriv airTan erTad, am qarxnebidan atmosferoSi gabneuli saSiSi nivTierebebi iwvevs. am yvelafers emateba nagavsayrelebze nagvis wvis procesic. prevenciis gzebi tyeebis gaSenebaSi, gamwvanebis zolebis gafarToebaSi, ganaxlebad energiaze zrunvaSi, eleqtro transportis SemoRebasa da im amortizirebuli avtobusebis moqmedebidan amoRebaSia, romlis gamonabolqvic garemos abinZurebs. am yvelaferTan erTad, sazogadeobis TviTSegnebis amaRlebac Zalian mniSvnelovania. mTavrobam, Sesabamis oranoebTan erTad, swori garemosdacviTi politika unda gaataros“- ambobs ekologi Smagi Coxeli. garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis dacvis saministro 2013 wlidan axorcielebs proeqts, romlis
mizani vaSlovanis dacul teritoriebze 4,064 heqtari degradirebuli saZovrebis reabilitacia, 300 heqtaris farTobze gadasareki trasis reabilitaciis meTodebis SemuSaveba da dedofliswyaros raionSi fermerebis/mecxvareebisaTvis mdgradi saZovris marTvis praqtikis danergva da ganxorcielebaa. rogorc saministro aRwers, es miRweuli iqneba
vaSlovanis daculi teritoriebis farglebsa da SemogarenSi sxvadasxva donis degradirebul saZovrebze RonisZiebebis gatarebiT, romelic saZovrebis reabilitacias, miwis resursebis mdgradi marTvis praqtikis danergvasa da fermerebis mdgradi saarsebo wyaros gaumjobesebas moicavs. proeqtis Rirebuleba 1325600 amerikul dolars Seadgens da 2016 wlis dekemberSi unda dasruldes. „bolo wlebis gamocdilebidan gamomdinare, Cven fermerebi, aSkarad vatyobT da vambobT kidec,rom raions saxnav-saTesi miwebis 70% ekargeba. amas isic adasturebs, rom mosavali mkveTrad Semcirda. SeiZleba iTqvas, rom 2-3 wlis winandel mosavalTan SedarebiT wels zogierT fermers saerTod ar hqonda mosavali. sasicocxlod aucilebelia sarwyavi sistemis mogvareba , rac Seamsubuqebs miwis mdgomareobas. wels , erT-erTi proeqtis farglebSi darguli nergebic xanZarma gaanadgura. temperaturis cvlilebam da sicxeebma, gaaqro adgilobrivi saZovrebisTvis damaxasiaTebeli mcenareebi, maTi adgili ki udabnos zonisTvis damaxasiaTebelma ekalma-mcenarem daikava. saZovrebi, normiT gaTvaliswinebulze ormagad da sammagad aris datvirTuli. gadaZovebis Semdeg balaxi mTlianad nadgurdeba es faqti ki saZovrebis gaqrobis realur safrTxes aCens. aseT molodinSi varT ukve bolo ramdenime welia“ambobs dedofliswyaroSi mcxovrebi erT-erTi fermeri, ioseb daTukiSvili. mniSvnelovania, rom meurneobasTan erTad adamianis janmrTelobac safrTxis qveS dgeba. maRali temperatura, Tu is didxans gagrZelda, gansakuTrebiT mZimed moqmedebs gul-sisxlZarRvTa daavadebebis mqone adamianebze, bavSvebze, moxucebsa da qronikuli daavadebis mqone pirebze. janmrTelobis msoflio organizaciis 2010 wlis angariSis Tanaxmad, saqarTveloSi sikvdilianobis 91% gamowveulia aragadamdebi daavadebebiT, romelTa Soris mTavari pozicia swored gul-sisxlZarRvTa daavadebebs ukavia. aqedan gamomdinare, mosaxleobas, romelic yvela mxridan dazaralebulia, Znelia 2030 wlamde imedi SeunarCuno. nebismieri zemoTxsenebuli fermerisTvis dRis wesrigSi janmrTeloba, keTildReoba da imaze fiqria, rom rogorme sicxes imedis arsebobiT gauZlon, imedis, romelic „dRis wesrigi 21“ -Si 2500-ze meti rekomendaciis siRrmeSi imaleba.
JuJuna yanCaSvili
13
regioni
19 noemberi
moxeuri Teqis didostatis gadarCenili tradicia Tamar sujaSvili 2004 wlidan Teqaze muSaobs. warmoSobiT stefanwmindidanaa. samxatvro akademiis dasrulebis Semdeg, sadac tansacmlis modelirebaze swavlobda,regionSi dabrunda da Teqaze muSaoba gaagrZela. 2009 wels saxelosnoc gaxsna, namuSevrebi gamofina da adgilobrivi mosaxleoba miviwyebuli tradiciiT daainteresa. moxeuri Teqis saxli damTvalierebels turistul sezonebze iRebs. SenobaSi,sagamofeno darbazi da Teqis dasamuSavebeli oTaxi,erT sivrceSia. Tamamad SeiZleba iTqvas, rom Tamar sujaSvili bunebis SesaZleblobebs maqsimalurad iyenebs da Teqas xevSi mopovebuli mcenareebiT Rebavs. nawarmi, romelic mtkicea, feradi, tradiciuli ornamentebiT moxatuli nivTebi - aseTia Tamar sujaSvilis damzadebuli Teqa, romelic turistebSi didi popularobiT sargeblobs.
Tamar sujaSvili kargi magaliTia imisa, Tu rogor gamoiyeno Seni regionis SesaZleblobebi da sofels ganviTarebaSi da tradiculi saqmianobis aRdgenaSi daexmaro. Tamar sujaSvili Tavis saqmianobaze da regionSi dabrunebis prioritetebze ,,horizontsÂť esaubra. rodis dainteresdiT Teqis damuSavebiT? - Teqis damuSavebiT samxatvro akademiis dasrulebis Semdeg davinteresdi. samxatvro akademiaSi tansacmlis modelirebaze vswavlobdi, teqstilsac gavdiodi da Teqis damuSavebis procesTan aman damakavSira. swavlis dasrulebisas, Teqis damuSavebis teqnologia sadi plomo namuSevarSi damWirda, 2004 wlidan amiT var dakavebuli. - ratom mogxiblaT mainc da mainc Teqam? riT izidavs is xelovanebs? - Teqa tradiciulia, odiTganve muSavdeboda saqarTveloSi. Cemi sadi plomo namuSevari qarTul Tematikaze iyo Sesrulebuli, Zveli Tbilisis Tematika mqonda aRebuli da mindoda tradiciuli saqmianobiTa da teqnikiT yofiliyo gajerebuli. Zalian sasiamovno procesia, rodesac Sesakeri masala Seni xeliT mzaddeba. mogexsenebaT, yazbegis raionSi yovelTvis aris cxvari da es teqnologiac adgilobrivia. - axla xarT yazbegSi da gaqvT Tqveni saxelosno, ramdeni xania es saxelosno funqcionirebs? - es saxelosno 2009 wlidan fun-
14
qcionirebs. rodesac stefanwmindaSi davbrundi, aseTi survili gamoiTqva, rom adgilobrivebic am tradiciuli saqmianobiT maqsimalurad dainteresebuliyvnen. 2009 wels daarsda sapatriarqos mxardaWeriT da xelSewyobiT, maT gadmogvces TavianTi Senoba, romelSic gaixsna saxelosno. - Tqven dabrundiT regionSi da tradiciuli saqmianoba wamoiwyeT. ra iyo is mizezebi, ris gamoc, qalaqSi
saqmianobaSi. gvyavs moswavleebi, rogorc bavSvebi, ise asakovani adamianebi. maT ainteresebT matylis damuSavebis teqnologia. - sad moi povebT masalas, risganac Teqis SesaRebad fers iRebT? - masala, rogorc TviTon matyli, aris adgilobrivi, iseve, rogorc saRebavebi, radgan yazbegSi bunebrivi mcenareebi mravladaa, riTic Semdgom matyli iRebeba. vRebavT endroTi, mowiTalo fers viRebT kaklis kaniT, xaxvis furcliT viRebT Ria yviTel fers,aseve mocxari arsebobs,romelic karg iasamnisfers gvaZlev...gaaCnia, ra dros aris mcenare mokrefili, Sesabamisad, sxvadasxva fers iRebs da Semdeg am naxarSebis Sezavebisas SeiZleba iseTi feri miviRoT, romelsac Semdgom Segnebulad veRar miviRebT. abreSumis Wiis parkebi, romelsac dekoraciad vxmarobT, saqarTveloSia warmoebuli. roca vxarSavT, Zalian rbildeba da imis saSualebas gvaZlevs, rom qsovils sxvadasxva efeqti mivaniWoT, abreSumis Wiis parks matylis SeRebvis teqnologiuri mxare aqvs. TuSeTSi aris Zalian bevri mcenare, romelic CvenTan ar aris da maTTan vTanamSromlobT. bevri mcenare, romelic CvenTan ar aris, Semogvaqvs. - sad SeiswavleT SesaRebi masalis mokrefisa da damuSavebis teqnika? - wlebis ganmavlobaSi xevSi var da es saqminaoba tradiciuli iyo, vswavlob asakovani xalxisgan, Tu rogor Rebavdnen Zvelad. - sad axdenT Teqis nawarmis realizacias da ramdenad warmatebulia Tqveni saqmianoba? - realizacia ZiriTadad yazbegSi xdeba da sezonuria imitom, rom 5-6 Tve aris es sezoni. zamTris periodSi ki ZiriTad samuSaoebs vasrulebT. Teqis damuSavebas didi dro sWirdeba. erTi dRe unda
sezoni,damTvaliereblebis interesic izrdeba. iZenen produqcias da dainteresebulebi arian muSaobis procesiT. eseni arian, rogorc qarTveli, ise ucxoeli turistebi. - ratom aris mniSvnelovani, rom mTis regionma SeinarCunos Teqis damuSavebis tradicia?
tradiciuli saqmianobis popularizacia da xelSewyoba Zalian mniSvnelovania da Tu amis msurveli daiwyebs da ganaviTarebs am saqmianobas, misasalmebeli iqneba. Cvens regionSi Zalian miviwyebulia am profesiiT dainteresebuli adamianebi. axalgazrdebi ar iyvnen CarTulebi. xels Tu SevuwyobT Teqis ganviTarebasa da popularizacias, Zalian kargi iqneba. yvelam iq unda akeTos Tavisi saqme, sadac saWiroa. yvela Tu qalaqSi darCa,regionSi Zalian cudad iqneba saqme. bevri axalgazrda wasulia da me vfiqrob, Cveni saqmianobiT, xels SevuwyobT maTs adgilze darCenasa da damkvidrebas. regionebs yuradRebis miqceva sWirdeba, radgan TbilisSi ufro gaiolebulia saqme, samuSao pirobebi ukeTesia, mTas sWirdeba daxmareba da aq momuSave adamianebsac, vinc Tavad Seqmnis produqcias Tu sxva saqmianobas ganaviTarebs. aranakleb prestiJuli saqmianoba, stefanwmindaSi ganagrZeT - sakuTari kuTxis didi siyvaruli. mizani mqonda, rom es tradiciuli saqmianoba am kuTxeSi aRmedgina, radgan droTa ganmavlobaSi miaviwydaT, minda rom maqsimalurad CaerTos mosaxleoba da xeloba axalgazrdebmac Seiswavlon. - ra gzebiT cdilobT adgilobrivi mosaxleobis dainteresebas? - Cveni saxelosno uzrunvelyofili da kargad mowyobilia. aris sakmarisi farTi da masala imisTvis, rom davainteresoT adamianebi da vaswavloT. wels xelovnebis saerTaSoriso centris mier, evrokavSiris farglebSi, Zalian didi daxmareba gagviwies. xeli Seuwyves saxelosnos mowyobas, SeviZineT saWiro masala da danadgarebi da ufro gavafarToveT Cveni saqmianoba. Sesabamisad, es miznad isaxavda adgilobrivebis dasaqmebasa da CarTulobis gazrdas adgilobriv
daamuSavo, rom iyos xarisxiani. produqcias vqmniT zamTarSi da zafxulSi ukve modis gayidvebis
salome Caduneli
horizonti
19 noemberi
interviu
gaburZgnuli karikaturistis saukeTeso saqme zaliko sulakauri - saukeTeso saqme absoluturad yvelaferia, rasac akeTeb. mTavaria, rogor akeTeb, rogori guliT. saukeTeso saqme CemTvis aris xatva. bevri qarTvelisTvis sayvareli mxatvari, zaliko sulakauri, daibada 1970 wlis 23 ivliss, TbilisSi. hyavs meuRle da ori Svili. fanqari xelSi 1 wlis asakSi aiRo da mas Semdeg sul xatavs. misTvis bedniereba bavSvia da maTi Caxuteba energias matebs. mis karikaturebs mTeli saqarTvelo icnobs,Tumca zaliko sxva Janris naxatebsac xatavs, magaliTad, portretebs.
- momiyeviT Tqvens bavSvobaze Zalian sazizRari bavSvi viyavi. arian bavSvebi, romlebsac dasvam, xmas ar iReben, ar inZrevian, ggonia, arc sunTqaven; arian uzrdeli bavSvebi; yvelanairi bavSvi arsebobs. me xom tyupiscali myavs. me da Cemi Zma viyaviT bavSvebi, romlebic kibeebis gareSe kedlebze dadian. onavari bavSvebi. arc uzrdeli da arc iseTi, raRacebs rom afuWeben, raRac ucnaurobebs vSvrebodiT. 1 wlidan moyolebuli fanqari aviRe da ar gamigdia xelidan . rac Tavi maxsovs, sul vxatav. mamaCemi kinostudiaSi muSaobda. Cem garSemo, ojaxSi, saqarTvelos saukeTeso msaxiobebi, Semoqmedi xalxi, reJisorebi trialebdnen. msgavsma garemom SeuZlebelia kvali ar datovos. saxeli ediSer yifianma damarqva. Cven rom davibadeT, sufraze Tamada nodar
dumbaZe iyo. bolos da bolos, arCil sulakauri Cemi biZaa da multi plikaciis mama meore biZa. - ra iyo Tqveni pirveli naxati? - portreti davjRabne. sul xatvis procesSi viyavi. is momenti ar maqvs, rom es pirvelia da Sedevria. - skolaSi rogor swavlobdiT? - mTelma skolam icoda, rom me da zuriko sul vxatavdiT. arc hqondaT maswavleblebs pretenzia, rom xuTosnebi vyofiliyaviT. dazuTxul teqstebs rom arakrakebdnen - egeTi momenti ar gvqonda. ufrosi Zma gvyavs, romelic Cvens magivrad swavlobda yvelafers. uamravi wigni aqvs wakiTxuli. veubnebodi, rom arc uwignuroba varga, ilia WavWavaZis ar iyos, arc martooden wignidan gamoxedva, Sen wignebi waikiTxe, Cven virbenT da viTamaSebT-meTqi. - ra iyo Tqveni bavSvobis ocneba? aixdineT? - bavSvobaSi mindoda disneilendis naxva. Cemi koSkebi daingra,rodesac vnaxe. ar momewona. miyvars biTlzi. ras warmovidgendi, verc viocnebebdi, rom erT-erT wevrs saxlSi Cemi naxati eqneboda, ringo stars. pol mak-kartnis Cavexute, fotoc gadaviRe, - vin aris Tqveni sayvareli mxatvari da axdens Tu ara Tqvenze gavlenas? - aravin ar Tqvas, rom gavlena ar aqvs. bumberazi mxatvrebi yovelTvis axdenen gavlenas. gaaCnia vis ra moswons, vis romeli mxatvari. me rembrantis SemoqmedebiT gavizarde da vTvli, rom Cemi teqnikis Tu xatvis donis amaRlebaSi lomis wili aqvs. didi muxa warmoidgine da Sen balaxi xar. ar SeiZleba, CrdilSi ar moeqce, im mxatvrebis CrdilSi da gavlenis qveS. maSin xar bumberazi, ylorti rom gaizrdebi da muxis tola gaxdebi. - ra aris is, rac Tqven STagagonebT? - adamianebi arian Cemi muzebi. yvela adamians aqvs Tavisi mimika: sixarulis, mosmenis. am yvelafers vagroveb. mere es SeiZleba Cems SemoqmedebaSi siyvarulis saxiT gamoixatos. es gaucnobiereblad xdeba. da kidev, Zalian miyvars ludi. rodesac vsvam, xatva mindeba. - vin aris is, visac ideebs uziarebT, visi azric yvelaze metad gainteresebT? - rTulia amis Tqma. gaaCnia im momentSi
garSemo vin myavs. SeiZleba iyos axlo wre: meuRle, Zmakaci. me TviTon sakuTar Tavs kritikulad vafaseb. erTxel damesizmra, raRac saocrebebi davxate. imasTan rac maqvs, araferia. aqedan davaskveni, rom ar SeiZleba dakmayofilde. - amboben, mxatvrebs gansxvavebuli, axirebuli xasiaTi aqvTo. marTalia? - ici rogori raRacaa? SeiZleba davjde da davinaxo, ukve vixatav gonebaSi adamians, rogor davxatavdi, ra tonalobas davadebdi. CemTvis vfiqrob da am fiqrs moqmedebaSi gamovxatav. me SeiZleba kargi idea momivides da gaxarebuli yiraze gadavide. saerTod xelovanebs uCveulo da axirebuli Cvevebi axasiaTebT. magaliTad: gavimeoreb doCanaSvilis moqmedebas. rodesac guramma samoseli pirveli dawera, gaxarebuli yiraze davdeqio, uceb oTaxSi col-Svili Semocvivda, miwisZvra xom ar ariso. mTavaria Seqmna, jandabas, viyo axirebuli, ra moxda mere? mapatiebs xalxi. - mgonia,rom yvela mxatvari yvelafers Zalian gansakuTrebul ferebSi aRiqvams. marTalia? - absoluturad Cveulebriv ferebSi vxedav. xedva zustad iseTia, rogorc Sen xedav. xatvisas SeiZleba gadavwyvito, wveri lurji davsva, feradi saxe an mwvane saxli. SeiZleba iseT xasiaTs gadmovcem, me is mwvaned unda davxato, me xom realisturad ar vqmni. Tu realisturs davxatav, mag SemTxvevaSi, fotografiuli sizustiT unda gadmoitano. amitomac fiqroben , rom mxatvrebi arian ucnaurebi. cas wiTlad dagixataven. jarSi me da Cemma Zmam Stabi movxateT. qarTul-osmaluri Setakeba davxateT, sisxli ar iyo saerTod, magram ca wiTeli iyo. mxatvrobaSi ferma ganwyoba unda Seqmnas. - yvelaze didi sirTule, romelsac Tqvens profesiaSi waawydiT. - arsebobs barierebi, romlebic unda gadalaxo. amisTvis dauRalavi Sroma, fiqri da swavla gWirdeba, bavSvobaSi raRacebi rTuli meCveneboda. rTuli araferia, RmerTma yvela adamians misia daakisra. me -xatva, magram saiT waval, rac vizam, rodis waval da rogori iqnebi, aravin ar icis. mTavaria ar gaCerde da
yovelTvis miaRwev dasaxul mizans. - ra aris TqvenTvis bedniereba? - CemTvis bedniereba, xSirad miTqvams, bavSvia. imxela energias iZlevian, rogorsac verc buneba da verc zrdasruli ver iZleva. CemTvis yvelaze mTavari da didi energia bavSvia. - rogoria zaliko sulakauri, rogorc mama da meuRle? - es maT unda hkiTxo, Svilebs da meuRles. ar vici rogori var. xom ici, mkacri mamebi rom arian, Svilebs rom sjian, egeTi ar var. Svilebis megobari var. ufrosi biWi CemTan studiaSi xatvisa da animaciis maswavleblad muSaobs. gogo pataraa, 10 wlis xdeba. erT dRes arian dabadebuli. ratom uyvarxarT bavSvebs ase Zalian? - meoce saukuneSi xom lenini uyvardaT bavSvebs, me var 21-e saukunis lenini. vizualurad rom gamoCnda zaliko, gaburZgnuli kaci dainaxa bavSvma am qveyanaze. bavSvebis 90%-sTvis sayvareli saqmianoba aris xatva. Sens sayvarel saqmes, romelic SesaZloa ar gamogdis, magram aucileblad gamogiva, viRac gaburZgnuli kaci rom gaswavlis, ar arsebobs, rom ar Segiyvardes. albaT bavSvebis mimarT Cemi damokidebulebac ganapirobebs maTi Cemdami siyvaruls, rom ar movefero da energia ar miviRo, ver vxatav. - xatvas SeiZleba vuwodoT saukeTeso saqme amqveynad? - saukeTeso saqme absoluturad yvelaferia, rasac akeTeb, mTavaria, rogor akeTeb, rogori guliT. xatva arasodes ar gamogiva Tu SenSi ar devs iseTi ram, rogoricaa ,,me var mxatvari’’. saukeTeso saqme CemTvis aris xatva. - ra aris Tqveni ocneba? - arsebobs ocnebebi, romlebic agixdeba. Zalian minda britaneTSi wasvla. bevri qveyana moviare, britaneTSi ver wavedi. ar vocnebob, minda rom sul vxato, Tumca bavSvebis da raRacraRacebis gamo amas ver vaxerxeb.
salome lekiSvili
qali didi aviaciidan qarTuli aviaciis uaxles istoriaSi pirvel mfrinav qals, leitenant ekaterine qvliviZes, miznis misaRwevad sakmaod rTuli gzis gavla mouwia. maSin, rodesac ocnebis asasruleblad pirveli nabijebis gadadgma daiwyo, samxedro samsaxuri qalebs ganxilvis gareSe kars uketavda. SemarTebam da mizandasaxulobam SeaZlebina Cvens respodents, Tamamad SeeRo is kari, romelmac mTeli misi cxovreba samxedro aviaciasa da saqarTvelos samsaxurs daukavSira.
- upirveles yovlisa, mogviyeviT rogor da rodis gadawyviteT, rom samxedro mfrinavi gamxdariyaviT? - sakmaod adreul asakSi gadavwyvite, rom samxedro gavmxdariyavi. memsaxura samSoblos dasacavad, Camecva samxedo mundiri. es iyo Cemi Cumi, skolis ocneba, radgan im dros gogonasTvis samxedro sistemaSi msaxuroba araTu warmoudgenlad, aramed samarcxvinodac ki iTvleboda. skolis damTavrebamde gavecani yvela gzas, Tu rogor SeiZleboda amexdina ocneba, Seviswavle samxedro akademiis programa, sadac miTiTebuli iyo sxvadasxva specialoba da mivxvdi, rom samxedro mfrinavi iyo is profesia, romelic Turme ase Zalian mindoda. am dros, daaxloebiT, mecxre klasSi viqnebodi, zustad ar maxsovs. Semdeg wlebis ganmavlobaSi momiwia brZola ocnebis asaxdenad. aRmoCnda, rom araTu akademiaSi, zogadad aviaciaSi gogonebs ar iRebdnen da am Temas arc ganixilavdnen. - ra gza gaiareT leitenantobamde? - skolis damTavrebis Semdeg Cavabare saqarTvelos saaviacio universitetSi
horizonti
, sainJinro fakultetze, safrenosnoze ar mimiRes: kulturulad amixsnes, rom es qalis Sesaferisi profesia ar iyo. Tu Cems mizanze mainc ar vityodi uars, SemeZlo, sainJinroze meswavla. studentobisas ormocdaxuT biWTan erTaderTi gogo vswavlobdi. yvela Tvlida, rom ver aviTvisebdi da swavlas miatovebdi. albaT sazogadoebis aseTi damokidebuleba kidev erTi uZlieresi motivatori iyo, ramac SemaZlebina, rom pirvelive kursze saukeTeso studenti da bongis saxelobis sti pendiati vyofiliyavi. miuxedvad amisa, swavla marTlac Zalian gamiWirda. meoTxe kursze, rodesac Tadacvis saministrom safrenosno kursze miReba gamoacxada, dauyovnebiliv Sevitane ganacxadi. mimiRes, magram sacdeli vadiT, yvelaferi Cems mondomebaze da SesaZleblobaze iyo damokidebuli. aqedan daiwyo Cemi samxedro cxovreba. momces Sansi, romelic gamoviyene da dRes ukve Cemi axdenili ocnebis saxiT vemsaxurebi saqarTvelos. - samxedro mfrinavi rom gamxdariyaviT, mogiwiaT Tu ara raimeze uaris Tqma? - diax. Zalian bevr rameze. aramxolod mfrinavis, aramed zogadad samxedro wesiT cxovreba didi msxverpls moiTxovs. radikalurad Seicvala Cemi cxovrebis reJimi. Tumca Cveul reJimze uaris Tqmas msxverplis gaRebas ver davarqmevdi, piriqiT, imdenad miyvars is, rasac vakeTeb, rom es yvelaferi dRiTi dRe ufro sainteresos xdis Cems cxovrebas. - arsebobs Tu ara raime dauwereli kanoni an oqros wesi, romelic mfrinavebs sul axsovT da icaven? - aviaciaSi yvela wesi da standarti mkacrad unda iyos daculi. mag.arcerTi qarTveli mfrinavi taZars Tavze ar gadaufrens. Tanac es is sferoa, romelSic Secdomebze ver iswavli. - pirveli afrenis dros ra SegrZneba dageuflaT? - gamarjvebiT gamowveuli bednierebis gancda iyo da mTeli frenis ganmavlobaSi viRimodi. axlac zustad igive emocia meufleba, rom maxsendeba. Zalian didi da xangrZlivi brZolis Semdeg - frenisas -
mivxvdi, rom mzad viyavi mTeli cxovreba gamegrZelebina dawyebuli saqme. miwas rom movwydi, dedamiwaze rac ki ram cudi da boroti arsebobs miwazeve darCa. - ra upiratesoba gaqvT Tqven, rogorc qal mfrinavs, mamakac mfrinavebTan SedarebiT? - amas upiratesobas ver davarqmevdi, sazogadoebrivi damokidebulebis da mentalitetis Secvlamde piriqiT, ormagi fsiqologiuri datvirTva mqonda. sabednierod, dRes ase aRaraa da, Cemda saamayod, yovleTvis vgrZnob udides Tanadgomas, pativiscemasa da yuradRebas mamakaci mfrinavebisgan - fsiqologiuri kuTxiT rom vimsjeloT, Tqveni azriT, qals rame iseTi Tviseba aqvs, rac upiratesobas aniWebs samxedro saqmeSi? - CemTvis rTulia ganvsazRvro, radgan es Zalian individualuria. qali mSvidobismoyvarea, gadawyvetilebis miRebis dros yovelTvis mSvidobis mxares ixreba, gamZleobac da moTminebis unaric SedarebiT meti aqvs. da me iciT ra mxiblavs? is, rom Rirseuli qalis gverdiT mamakaci nebismier saqmeSi ufro Zlieri
da vaJkacuria. - ra aris samxedro mfrinavis yvelaze didi sirTule? - frenisas gviwevs didi fizikuri datvirTvis atana, rac droTa ganmavlobaSi janmrTelobaze aisaxeba. aqedan gamomdinare, mfrinavebs cxvovrebis gansxavebuli da, SeiZleba iTqvas, zedmiwevniT jansaRi cxovrebis wesi aqvT. - rogor xedavT am profesiis ganviTarebas momavalSi? - saqarTvelos yovelTvis sWirdeboda da sWirdeba samxedro mosamsaxure, romelic daicavs mas rogorc miwiT, ise zRviT da haeriT. me Cemi momavali aviaciis ganviTarebisTvis maqvs gawerili. - ra rCevas miscemdiT momaval mfrinavebs? ra gaiTvaliswinon da risTvis unda iyvnen mzad? - giyvardeT Tqveni profesia, guliT da erTgulebiT emsaxureT samSoblos da mudam mzad iyaviT TavdadebisTvis.
gvanca deviZe JuJuna yanCaSvili
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sazogadoeba
19 noemberi
uemociobis zRvarze
sabavSvo baRebi bavSvTa siWarbes ebrZvis saswavlo procesis samzadisis cieb-cxelebam ukve gadaiara. cvlilebebi rogorc skolebs, ise sabavSvo baRebs Seexo. am cvlilebebma ki erTdroulad dadebiTi da uaryofiTi Sedegebi moitana. Tu adre saubari imaze mimdinareobda, ratom hqonda zogierT baRs mwiri meniu, xolo zogierTs metad mravalferovani, axla yvela baga-baRisaTvis saerTo meniu SemuSavda.
nika: gamarjoba elene: seen nika: rogor xar? elene: seen nika: Seni jgufeli var, axali ambebi da inglisuri gvitardeba erTad. elene: gicani...da ratom ar moxvedi gasacnobad?! nika: seen fsiqolog nino kereseliZis “diagnozi”: ,,nikas adamianebTan pirdapiri komunikaciisa da TviTgamoxatvis kompleqsi aqvs Tavs ufro Tavisuflad grZnobs virtualur garemoSi. ase metad Tavdajerebuli da gulwrfelia. es, SesaZloa, nikas bunebidan iyos gamowveuli, romlisTvisac damaxasiaTebelia simorcxve, an ukavSirdebodes warsulSi verSemdgari urTierTobebiT miRebul travma. rac Seexeba elenes, rogorc Cans, misTvis mniSvnelovania urTierTobebSi TiToeuli momentis realuri gancda, vizualuri, verbaluri da emociuri kontaqti. misi pozicia, SesaZloa, gamomdinareobdes komunikabeluri bunebidan an warsulSi virtualuri urTierTobebis usiamovno gamocdilebidan.” fsiqologi aqve dasZens, rom zemoT moyvanili debulebebi mxolod varaudia, radgan TiToeul adamians maTi qmedebebis asaxsnelad individualuri fsiqologiuri midgoma sWirdeba. rTulia erTi konkretuli faqtiT adamianis fsiqoti pis gansazRvra, rodesac qmedebis ganmapirobebeli garemoebebi CvenTvis ucnobia. nika, elene da sxvadasxva Taoba... 1 637 905 internet abonenti, 757 460 „feisbukis“ momxmarebeli da 49%-iT gazrdili abonentebis raodenoba wina wlebTan SedarebiT (2011 wlis saqarTvelos komunikaciebis erovnuli komisiis monacemebi). cxovrebis wesad qceuli informaciul-gasarTobi qseli da mcire sanacnobo wre gazrdili „feisbuk“ megobrebiT... personaluri virtualuri sivrce da realuri urTierTobebi-garToba Tu asocialuroba?! ocdameerTe saukuneSi teqnologiuri ganviTarebis fonze urTierTobis axali saSualebebi warmoiSva. “skai pi”, ”feisbuki” da sxva socialuri qselebi erTmaneTTan urTierTobis swraf da martiv formebs gvTavazobs, magram imdenad miveCvieT erTmaneTTan virtualur mimoweras, rom pirispir saubrisas Sesabamisi sityvebis povna da realuri emociebis gaziareba gviZneldeba. magaliTad, gvaviwydeba Rimili „smailebis“ gareSe, dabadebis dReebi „feisbukis“ Seuxseneblad da garToba „uCeqinod“... „maxsendeba is dReebi, rodesac pirvelad mivedi ucxo TanatolebiT gadaWedil universitetSi, kadrebad magondeba mobilurebSi TavCarguli bavSvebi, cota Tu saubrobda erTmaneTTan... gavida Tveebi, weli ..am studentebis umravlesobas yoveldRe vxvdebi da mainc, gamarjobis Tqma gviZneldeba, samagierod, “feisbukia” megobrobis moTxovniTa da werilebiT gadaWedili“- ambobs 20 wlis nini da aRniSnavs, rom es problema awuxebs. fsiqolog elene kvanWilaSvilis TqmiT, fsiqologebi erTxmad Tanxmdebian, rom teqnologiurma ganviTarebam adamianis cxovrebaSi Zalian bevri cvlileba Semoitana, rogorc pozitiuri, ise negatiuri. es ki damokidebulia, rogorc individual-
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urad adamianis qcevaze, aseve im sociumzec, romelSic cxovrobs. urTierTobebi adamians bevrad umartivdeba socialur qselSi, sadac namdvili emociebis damalvac SeuZlia da survlis SemTxvevaSi, sxva adamianad Tavis moCvenebac, es, erTgvarad, adamianis waxalisebaa, Seqmnas sakuTari Tavisgan ideali da miawodos sociums. ra Tqma unda, amgvari qceva ver aRiqmeba pozitiurad, vinaidan adamiani mainc ejaxeba Tavis realur cxovrebas da rodesac iluziidan gamodis, sakmaod mwvave negatiuri emociebi eufleba“- acxadebs fsiqologi nino kereseliZe. 21 wlis sandro ambobs, rom Tavs marto grZnobs, radgan sxvebs misi ar esmiT. didad arc xalxmravloba uyvars, TavisTvis kompiuterTan jdoma urCevnia da metad komfortuald grZnobs Tavs, rodesac Tanamoazres virtualurad esaubreba. am gziT aRarc martoa da Tavs arc gariyulad grZnobs. damtkicebulia, rom adamianebs maTTvis mZime da rTul sakiTxebze saubari arapirdapiri komunikaciis gziT ufro umartivdebaT, rodesac mosaubres TvalebSi ar uyureben, ar ganicdian Sinagan Relvas, realur emociebs... adamianebi, romlebic virtualur urTierTobebs aniWeben upiratesobas, xSirad amboben, rom es aris Zalian martivi gza mTeli dRis ganmavlobaSi sayvarel adamianebTan saubris da paralelurad, saqmis keTebis. fsiqologebis TqmiT, socialuri qselebis gamoyenebis dadebiT mxared Sor manZilze urTierTobis swrafi da moqnili komunikaciis SesaZlebloba iTvleba. 23 wlis giorgis TqmiT, socialuri qselis aqtiurad moxmareba realuri komunikaciisas mas problemas ar uqmnis. piriqiT, Tvlis, rom nacnobebTan virtualurma mimoweram maTSi raRac axali aRmoaCenina da metad saintereso, mravalmxrivi gaxada realuri urTierTobebic. fsiqologiis fakultetis studenti mariamisTvis socialuri qseli mniSvnelovani dakvirvebebis ganxorcielebis gzad iqca. magaliTad, mas SeuZlia gansazRvros erTi da imave adamianis qceva sxvadasxva sivrceSi„feisbuksa“ da ubralod auditoriaSi, rac adamianebis fsiqoti pis SeswavlaSi exmareba. axalgazrdebTan saubrisas Temaze - virtualuri urTierTobebi- garToba Tu realuri komunikaciis problema, 113 studentidan (87 gogo da 26 biWi), gogonaTa umravlesobam (52)xSiri virtualuri urTierTobebi realuri komunikaciis problemad da martoobis sindromad aRiqva. gamokiTxuli biWebis naxevarma ki socialur qselebSi aqtiuroba garTobis saSualebad daasaxela. saboloo „diagnozi“: drom urTierTobebis axali formebi mogvitana. bgerebi-asoebiT, Rimili “smailebiTa” da garToba -“CeqinebiT” Secvala. ara, bolomde ver Secvala, ubralod mniSvnelovnad Caanacvla, Caanacvla da TvalebSi yureba da realuri emociebis gaziareba dagvaviwya... dro midis da Cvenc fexs vuwyobT, unda davewioT... mivrbivarT realuridan virtualurisaken, mivrbivarT da am sirbilSi bevri gveSleba, bevric gvaviwydeba. es problemaa... magram mTavari, zRvarze SeCerebaa. zRvarze,romelic warmosaxvasa da realobas mijnavs...…
rogorc Tbilisis baga-baRebis marTvis saagentos oficialur vebgverdze vkiTxulobT, kvebis racioni ufro mravalferovani gaxda da 300 kilo-kaloriiT gaizarda. Tbilisis meriis gadawyvetilebiT, sabavSvo baRebisTvis sakvebi produqtebis Sesyidva eleqtronuli tenderis gziT ganxorcielda. mSoblebis komentarebiT SegviZlia vivaraudoT, rom maTTvis erT-erTi mniSvnelovani sakiTxi kvebis axalma sistemam namdvilad moagvara. kidev erTi cvlileba Tbilisis sajaro baga-baRebSi saskolo mzaobis programis amoqmedebaa. misi meSveobiT aRsazrdelebi bavSvebisTvis im unar-Cvevebis Seswavlas daiwyeben, romlebic saWiroa aRsazrdelebis socialuri da SemecnebiTi unarebis gasaumjobeseblad. Tumca sxvadasxva garemoebebma baRebSi axali problemebi Seqmna da mSoblebis ukmayofilebac gamoiwvia. Tbilisis sajaro baga-baRebSi bavSvebis registraciis pirveli etapi 2015 wlis 1 ivliss daiwyo. rogorc cnobilia, daregistrirebisas upiratesoba socialurad daucvel ojaxSi mcxovreb bavSvebs, specialuri saWiroebis mqone da sabavSvo baRSi ukve daregistrirebuli aRsazrdelebis dedmamiSvilebs eniWebaT. wels ki, gamonaklisis saxiT, pirvel etapze 13 ivniss stiqiiT dazaralebuli ojaxebis bavSvebi daregistrirdnen. meore etapi ki 8 ivliss daiwyo. amJamad, Tbilisis baRebSi registrirebulTa raodenoba 53 000-ze metia. oficialuri informaciiT, bavSvebis raodenoba baga-baRebSi aseTia: baRebSi - 35 , bagaSi -25. TbilisSi ki aRsazrdelTa raodenoba normas bevrad aRemateba. 131-e baga-baRis direqtori, aqsana jvarSeiSvili ambobs,rom socialurad daucvelebisa da im bavSvebis garda, romelTa da an Zma ukve konkretul baRSi dadis, moTxovna Zalian didia. “vinaidan 14 seqtembris Semdeg dabadebuli bavSvebi skolaSi ver xvdebian, isini 1 wliT kvlav baRSi rCebian. bavSvebis raodenobis gadametebas zogjer esec iwvevs.“, - ambobs aqsana jvarSeiSvili. 2014 wels saqarTvelos kanonSi „zogadi ganaTlebis Sesaxeb“ Sesuli cvlilebis Tanaxmad, bavSvs, romelsac swavlis dawyebidan momdevno wlis 1 ianvramde usruldeba 6 weli, skolaSi swavlis ufleba ar aqvs. amis gamo, zogierTi mSobeli iZulebulia bavSvi baRSi kidev 1 wliT datovos. maT aRsazrdelebis axali raodenobac ematebaT da jgufebSi bavSvebis ricxvi normas aWarbebs. salome gabiZaSvils orive Svili 192-e baga-baRSi dahyavs. misi TqmiT, jgufebSi bavSvebis didi raodenoba sxvadasxva problemas qmnis. „bavSvebis gadaWarbebuli raodenoba virusebis advilad gavrcelebasac uwyobs xels. amis gamo, Cemi Svilebi janmrTelad yofnas 1 kvirasac Zlivs axerxeben.
amasTanave, SeuZlebelia orma maswavlebelma 40 bavSvs yuradReba saTanadod miaqcios, miuxedavad imisa, rom isini maqsimalurs cdiloben.“ - gviyveba salome gabizaSvili. 209-e baRis direqtoris, roza kobaxiZis TqmiT, maRal jgufebSi bavSvebis raodenoba daaxloebiT 50-s aRwevs. uaxloes momavalSi maT dasaxlebaSi meore baRi ixsneba, romelic, misi azriT, am problemas moagvarebs. kiTxvaze, ramdenad saWiroa jgufebSi aRmzrdelebis damateba, roza kobaxiZe ambobs: „sasurvelia aRmzrdels erTis nacvlad ori TanaSemwe hyavdes,ase ufro martivad SeZleben bavSvebisaTvis saTanado yuradRebis miqcevas.“ amave baRis aRmzrdeli, TamTa kervaliSvili aRniSnavs, rom aRsazrdelebis did raodenobasTan muSaoba sakmaod rTulia, Tumca amas SeZlebisdagvarad mainc axerxeben. baga baRebis marTvis saagentoSi acxadeben, rom zemoT aRniSnuli problemebi realurad arsebobs, Tumca maT mogvarebaze ukve zrunaven. Sendeba axali baga–baRebi romlebic uaxloes momavalSi gaixsneba da SeZlebs bavSvebisTvis skolamdeli ganaTlebic micemas. „am etapze TbilisSi 7 axali baga-baRi Sendeba. wlis bolomde gaixsneba 4 baRi, aseve, momaval wels dagegmilia kidev 10-mde sabavSvo baga-baRis mSeeblobis dawyeba.“, - gviTxrets baga-baRebis saagentoSi. baga baRebis marTvis saagentoSi fiqroben, rom damatebiTi baRebis gaxsna jgufebSi gadametebuli bavSvebis raodenobis problemas moagvarebs. arsebobs Tu ara saWiroeba jgufebSi damatebiTi aRmzrdelebis ayvanis da vis ekisreba am sakiTxze ufleba–movaleoba baRebis saagentoSi Semdegi pasuxi gagvces: „Statebis damatebas baga-baRebis marTvis saagento gansazRvravs da ara baRis administracia. jerjerobiT ki am Temaze saubari ar aris.“ aRsazrdelTa raodenobasTan dakavSirebuli problema rogorc Cans, aramarto mSoblebs awuxebT. normaze meti raodenobis bavSvTa movla zogjer aRsazrdelebisTvisac rTuli xdeba. baga-baRebis marTvis saagentos mier mowodebuli informacia imis Sesaxeb, rom RmzrdelTa Statebis damatebas Tavad gansazRvraven, gvaZlevs safuZvels, davsvaT kiTxva, Tu maTTvis aRniSnuli problemis Sesaxeb cnobilia, ratom ar aris saubari Statebis damatebis Taobaze? es procesi sabavSvo baRebSi aRsazrdelTa movlas ufro gaamartivebs. dReisaTvis Tbilisis masStabiT 159 baga–baRi funqcionirebs da yvela maTgani elis aRniSnuli problemis mogvarebas. direqtorebs imedi aqvT, rom axali baga-baRebis mSenebloba da gaxsna bavSvebis raodenobis gadanawilebaSi did rols Seasrulebs.
nia qumsiaSvili qristine vefxvaZe
anano SariqaZe
horizonti
19 noemberi
sazogadoeba
bavSvTa pirveli hospisi saqarTveloSi
didi nabiji integraciamde mimdinare wels adamianis uflebaTa centrma da saxalxo damcvelis aparatma arasrulwlovanTa sasjelaRsrulebis dawesebulebebSi monitoringi Caatares. kvlevis angariSze dayrdnobiT, patimrebTan saubrisas maTi fsiqo-socialuri centris sisuste gamovlinda. adamianis uflebaTa centris TqmiT, problema gamowveulia adamianuri resursebis simciriTa da resocializaciis programebisa da servisebis arasrulwlovani patimrebisTvis gvian miwodebiT.
saqarTvelo erT-erTi gamonaklisia evropul qveynebSi, sadac mozardebisTvis paliatiuri mzrunvelobis centri ar arsebobs. mimdinare wlis 10 oqtombers, hospisisa da paliatiuri mzrunvelobis dRes, saqarTveloSi bavSvTa pirveli hospisis mSeneblobas Caeyara safuZveli. hospisi aris dawesebuleba, sadac uimedo mdgomareobaSi myof avadmyofebs uvlian da mdgomareobas umsubuqeben. fond ‘‘Ria sazogadoeba-saqarTvelos’’ bavSvTa hospisis aSenebis idea 2013 wels Catarebuli kvlevis Semdeg gauCnda, romlis mizanic bavSvebisTvis paliatiuri mzrunvelobis saWiroebis Seswavla iyo. rogorc kvlevam aCvena, saqarTveloSi paliatiuri mzrunveloba yovelwliurad 0-dan 18 wlamde 839 bavSvs esaWiroeba. “2013 wels kvlevis Sedegebis miRebis Semdeg aSkarad davinaxeT, rom saqarTveloSi sakmaod bevri bavSvi saWiroebs paliatiur mzrunvelobas. Cveni daxmarebiT dafuZnda arasamewarmeo, arakomerciuli iuridiuli organizacia “bavSvTa hospisi”, gadavamzadeT eqimebi da eqTnebi ucxoeTis wamyvan hospisebSi da daviwyeT donorebis Zieba hospisis mSenelobisaTvis. gvixaria, rom am proeqtSi CaerTnen “samedicino korporacia eveqsi”, saqarTvelos prezidenti da individualuri donorebi, romelTa daxmarebiT SesaZlebeli gaxdeba hospisis aSeneba. am etapze, “bavSvTa hospisis” gundi bavSvebs saxlSi emsaxureba. momsaxureba ufasoa da ase iqneba pirvel wlebSi, magram imedi gvaqvs, rom erT dResac saxelmwifo sakuTar Tavze aiRebs bavSvTa paliatiuri mzrunvelobis dafinansebis nawils mainc. es asea evropis yvela qveyanaSi”- ambobs qeTi xuciSvili, fondi “Ria sazogadoeba-saqarTvelos” aRmasrulebeli direqtori. fond ,,Ria sazogadoeba saqarTvelos proeqtis ganxorcielebaSi exmareba samedicino korporacia ‘‘eveqsi’’, saqarTvelos prezidenti da individualuri donorebi. individualuri donaciebi iwyeba 100 laridan da adis 50 000 laramde. saZirkvlis Cayris ceremonia hospisis mSeneblobis adgilze, sofel diRomSi gaimarTa, romelsac saqarTvelos pirveli ledic daeswro. maka CiCuam, fond ‘’Ria sazogadoeba-saqarTvelos’’ direqtorma qeTi xuciSvilma da “samedicino korporacia eveqsis’’ generalurma direqtorma, nikoloz gamyreliZem hospisis saZirkvelSi memorialuri
kafsula moaTavses. maka CaCuam ceremoniaze ganacxada, rom bavSvebis bedniereba mniSvnelovania da proqti arsebobisTvis mudmiv ‘’kvebas’’ saWiroebs. hospisis umTavresi mizani ojaxuri ti pis, megobruli da komfortuli garemos Seqmnaa. klinika iqneba evropuli standartebis, sadac qronikuli da ukurnebeli seniT daavadebuli bavSvebi 24-saaTian momsaxurebas sruliad ufasod miiReben. aseve xelmisawvdomia Sin zrunvis servisi, mozardebze ki ucxoeTSi gadamzadebuli eqTnebi izruneben. naTia SarvaZe, mSobeli: ‘’meimedeba am centris gaxsna,imitom, rom am ramdenime TveSi bevri TanagrZnoba vigrZeni maTgan.’’ qeTi xuciSvilis TqmiT, upirveles yovlisa, bavSvTa paliatiuri mzrunveloba ojaxzea orientirebuli. ‘’bavSvTa paliatiuri mzrunveloba gulisxmobs ganukurnebeli da qronikuli daavadebebis mqone bavSvebze zrunvas. paliatiuri mzrunveloba moicavs, rogorc daavadebiT gamowveuli simptomebis Semsubuqebas, aseve bavSvisa da ojaxisaTvis fsiqologiuri da sulieri mxardaWeris gawevas. paliatiuri mzrunvelobis saWiroeba maSin dgeba, rodesac saqme gvaqvs iseT daavadebebTan, romelic mkurnalobas ar eqvemdebareba. bavSvebSi, aseTi daavadebebia kibos bolo stadia, diabeti, sxvadasxva nevrologiuri daavadebebi, cerebraluri damblis mZime formebi da sxva. mozrdilebisgan gansxvavebiT, paliatiuri mzrunvelobis saWiroebis mqone bavSvebs sxva ti pis midgoma sWirdebaT.’’, - ambobs qeTi xuciSvili. ‘’bavSvTa horpisis ‘’ klinikuri direqtoris, nino kacitaZes TqmiT, ukurnebeli seniT daavadebuli bavSvebis mkurnaloba saxlSi SeiZleba araefeqturi aRmoCndes, centri ki maT Zalian daexmarebaT da mdgomareobas Seumsubuqebs. mSenebloba 2016 wlis bolos dasruldeba da es iqneba pirveli dawesebuleba saqarTveloSi, sadac paliatiur mzrunvelobas gauweven qronikuli da ukurnebeli seniT daavadebul bavSvebs. bavSvebisa da maTi ojaxebisTvis momsaxureba ki ufaso iqneba.
arasrulwlovanTa sareabilitacio dawesebulebaSi, 2015 wlis seqtembris monacemebiT, 44 patimaria. isini ganaTlebas cixesTan arsebul #123-e skolis SenobaSi iReben. aseve neba-surviliT erTvebian sxvadasxva sportul, kulturul da SemecnebiT aqtivobaSi. kerZod, maT xelovnursafariani sportuli moedani aqvT, sadac isini fexburTsa da ragbis TamaSoben. kviraSi samjer patimrebs xis Wris/kveTis gakveTilebi utardebaT. dawesebulebaSi aqvT musikaluri instrumentebi. periodulad iwveven musikosebs, romlebic patimrebs instrumentebze dakvras aswavlian. tardeba poeziis saRamoebi, filmis Cvenebebi. patimrebisTvis ewyoba mini kocertebic. ewyoba inteleqtualuri RonisZiebebic. Tumca, monitoringis angariSis mixedviT, arasrulwlovani patimrebi am aqtivobebis mimarT interess ar gamoxataven da mxolod maTi nawili erTveba RonisZiebebSi. adamianis uflebaTa centris gancxadebiT, fsiqologiuri centris sisuste arasrulwlovani patimrebis asocialurobaSi gamoixateba. maTi TqmiT, msjavrdebulebi ar laparakoben arsebul problemebze, Caketilebi arian. amasTan, gamovlinda subkulturis garkveuli formebi. monitorebma daafiqsires SemTxvevebi, roca zogierTi patimari mbrZanebluri formiT mimarTavda sxva, maTi survilebis Semsrulebel patimrebs. am gamowvevebis Sesabamisad, adamianis uflebaTa centri sasjelaRsrulebisa da probaciis saministros aZlevs rekomendacias, gazardos arasrulwlovan patimrebTan momuSave kvalificiuri fsiqologebis raodenoba. kvlevis mimdinareobisas adamianis uflebaTa centri Sexvda danaSaulis prevenciis centris yofil patimarTa reabilitaciisa da resocializaciis sammarTvelos warmomadgenlebs. Sexvedraze sammarTvelos ufrosma, nino biseiSvilma arasrulwovan beneficiarebze isaubra. nino biseiSvili: „SeiZleba iTqvas, arasrulwlovani beneficiari ar gvyavs. ori SemTxveva gvqonda, roca klientTTan muSaoba daviwyeT. or kviraSi maT ganmeorebiT danaSauli Caidines da sasjelaRsrulebiT dawesebulebaSi Sebrundnen. sami SemTxveva gvqonda, roca mSobelma CvenTan urTierToba saWirod ar CaTvala. amitom, vfiqrob, rom arasrulwlovnebTan Cveni CarTva bevrad adrea saWiro“ danaSaulis prevenciis centris socialuri muSakebi patimrebTan muSaobas gaTavisuflebamde 1-3 TviT adre iwyeben. adamianis uflebaTa centris erT-erTi rekomendaciac, swored, resocializaciis process Seexo. maTi TqmiT, Sesabamisi programebi da servisebi arasrulwlovan msjavrdebulebs ufro adre unda miewodebodes. fsiqologi qeTevan kobalaZe, romelic 3 wlis ganmavlobaSi muSaobda arasrulwlovan msjavrdebulebTan, gansxvavebulad afasebs mdgomareobas. is ambobs, rom patimrebs megobruli damokidebuleba aqvT erTmaneTTan.
„rogorc cixis gareT sociumSi, aseve dawesebulebaSic maT aqvT garkveuli urTierTobebi. iyofian interesebis kamerebis mixedviT. dawesebulebaSi momuSave kvalificiuri fsiqologebi da socialuri muSakebi gegmaven da axorcieleben individualur da jgufur RonisZiebebs. tardeba treningebi cxovrebis jansaRi wesis, efeqturi komunikaciis Sesaxeb. aseve, mimdinareobs treningebi artTerapiaSi, biblioTerapiaSi, musikoTerapiaSi. xorcieldeba sxvadasxva aqtivoba xeze Wra, minanqris damuSaveba da sxva. yvela es aqtivoba zustad emsaxureba resocializaciis procesis warmatebiT mimdinareobas. daxurul sivrceSi, sadac mozards uwevs yofna, mis fsiqikaze mravali faqtori axdens gavlenas. Sesabamisad, mozardebis fsiqologiuri mdgomareobis mxolod fsiqologiuri samsaxuris sisusteze gadabraleba realobis araprofesionalur Sefasebas niSnavs“- ganmarta qeTevan kobalaZem. pedagogi veriko gulikaSvilic, romelic qarTul enas aswavlida arasrulwlovan msjavrdebulebs, dadebiTad afasebs maTs urTierTobebs. „zrdilobianebi da moridebulebi arian maswavleblebis mimarT. TanamosakneebTan sakmaod Tbili damokidebuleba SevamCnie. tolerantulebic arian.“aRniSna veriko gulikaSvilma. SekiTxvebze - ras fiqrobs sasjelaRsrulebisa da probaciis saministro arasrulwlovan msjavrdebulTa fsiqo-socialur centrze, iRebs Tu ara adamianis uflebaTa centris rekomendaciebs am sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT da apirebs Tu ara am institutis gaZlierebas - kvalificiuri fsiqologebis damatebasa da socialuri muSakebis arasrulwlovan msjavrdebulebTan ufro adreul etapze CarTvas - pasuxi ver miviReT. adamianis da, miT umetes, arasrulwlovani msjavrdebulis fsiqologiur mdgomareobaze mravali faqtori SeiZleba axdendes gavlenas. konkretul SemTxvevaSi, es faqtorebia: fsiqologis mier sworad Sefasebuldagegmili RonisZiebebi; is SesaZlo aqtivobebi, romliTac dainteresdebian da CaerTvebian arasrulwlovani patimrebi. aseve ganaTlebis sistema, romelic morgebuli unda iyos maTs SesaZleblobebsa da moTxovnilebebze. mniSvnelovania ojaxis wevrebTan xSiri kontaqti; da bolos, sociumi, romelic gareT xvdeba maT. fsiqolog qeTevan kobalaZis TqmiT, danaSaulis recidivis mizezi, didi wiliT, swored is garemoa, sadac yofili arasrulwlovani patimrebi gaTavisuflebis Semdeg xvdebian. mozardebis cixeSi yofnis dros ki mniSvnelovania, CamoTvlili aqtivobebi da RonisZiebebi racioalurad daigegmos, raTa arasrulwlovani patimrebi mzad iyvnen cxorebis axali etapis dasawyebad, sazogadoebaSi integraciisa da dabrkolebebis gadasalaxad. amisTvis ki ori fsiqologi, faqtia, ar aris sakmarisi.
maia burduli
mariam jinjixaZe
horizonti
17
sazogadoeba
19 noemberi
cxeli kvira universitetSi
Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitets saprotesto talRam gadauara. universitetisTvis studentTa dajgufebebis mier mowyobili aqciebi ucxo xili sulac ar aris. amjerad, universitetSi arsebuli mdgomareoba studenturi TviTmmarTvelobis wevrebma da maTma mxardamWerebma gaaprotestes. aqcias win uZRvoda reqtorTan Sexvedra, romelic xmauriT dasrulda. studentebma universitetis pirvel pirTan saerTo ena ver gamonaxes da auditoria protestis niSnad datoves. studenturi TviTmmarTvelobis iniciativiT dagegmili saprotesto aqcia 20 oqtombers daiwyo. maTi moTxovnebi, romlebic ZiriTadad Seexeboda infrastruqturul, administraciul da akademiur sakiTxebs, 14 punqtisgan Sedgeboda. aqciaze Sekrebil sazogadoebas mimarTes Tsu-is studenturi TviTmmarTvelobis prezidentma, Salva sabaurma, da sxva wevrebma. universitetelTa aqcias mxari dauWires sxvadasxva saswavleblis studenturma TviTmmarTvelobebma. aqcia meore dResac gagrZelda. ukmayofilo studentebma reqtoris karTan wiTeli baraTebiTa da SeZaxilebiT –“wadi! wadi!”- gadainacvles. moTxovna ar Secvlila. piriqiT, protestma ufro mwvave forma miiRo: TviTmmarTvelobam fakultetis sabWoebidan studentebi gamoiwvia da reqtors 22:00 saaTamde gadadgomis dro misca, winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, protestis ukiduresi formis – SimSilobis – dawyeba daaanonsa. reqtori ar gadadga. man ganacxada, rom awuxebda yvela problema da molaparakebis dawyebaze mzaobas gamoTqvamda, magram gadadgomis moTxovnas ar ganixilavda, radganac acnobierebda, Tu ra problemebi SeiZleba Seqmniliyo misi gadadgomis SemTxvevaSi. protestantebma mxolod ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis ministris, Tamar sanikiZis, Carevis Semdeg daTmes da SimSiloba Sewyvites. aqciis dagegmvis mizezsa da miRweul Sedegebze studenturi TviTmmarTvelobis prezidenti, Salva sabauri, gvesaubra: “aqcia daigegma spontanurad, mas Semdeg, rac Cven gvqonda gafarToebuli Sexvedra reqtorTan. iq daisva Zalian bevri kiTxva sxvadasxva mimarTulebiT. 3 mimarTuleba SegviZlia gamovyoT: infrastruqturuli, administraciuli da yvelaze mTavari – akademiuri procesi. iyo Carevebi studenturi TviTmmarTvelobis arCevnebSi, senatis arCevnebSi reqtoris aparatis warmomadgenlebis mxridan. Sesabamisad, gvqonda am sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT SekiTxvebic. Tuki ramden-
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jerme msgavsi Careva ar aRkveTila, Cven logikurad gamovitaneT daskvna, rom es xdeboda konkretuli reqtoris davalebiT an mis gadawyvetilebas yuradRebas ar aqcevdnen. Cven ver davinaxeT mcdelobebi am problemebis gadasaWrelad, reqtorma ver gasca damakmayofilebeli pasuxi Cvens SekiTxvebs da sabolood mivediT am gadawyvetilebamde. demonstraciulad davtoveT Sexvedra da meore dRes, ase spontanurad, aqciis saxe miiRo. reqtoris gadadgoma panacea ar yofila. ubralod, administracia-
Si yurs Tu vinme ar ibertyavs maSin, roca studentebs garkveuli problemebi awuxebT, saWiroa signali, rom Tu isini TavianT movaleobas ver asruleben, studentebi wasvlas mosTxoven. aseTi aqciebi gamarTula universitetSi, magram yuradReba aravis ar miuqcevia. amitomac pirvelad Seiqmna precedenti da studenturma TviTmmarTvelobam protesti gamoxata am formiT. strategiulad kargi nabiji iyo reqtoris gadadgomis moTxovna. Cven SevZeliT universitetSi situacia gagvecxelebina, procesi aduRda. saxelmwifos mxridan interesic swored aman Seqmna. yvela adamiani, vinc pasuxismgebeli iyo, ubralod Tbilad ijda skamze da ar ainteresebda arsebuli mdgomareoba, mocemul momentSi gamofxizlda. naxes, rom saWiroa cvlilebebi. swored amis Semdeg wavediT daTmobaze. “ aqcias ar SeuerTda studentebis garkveuli jgufi. maT ar sjeraT gaficulebis gulwrfelobis, radgan, maTi TqmiT, TviTmmarTvelobas aqamde protesti ar gamouxatavs im uamravi problemis mimarT, romelic didi xania arsebobs da maTTvis gasarTobi RonisZiebebi ufro mniSvnelovania, vidre studentis uflebebi.
“upirveles yovlisa, gakvirvebuli var. TviTmmarTveloba yovelTvis gmobda protestis gamoxatvis Cveneul meTodebs-quCis saprotesto aqciebs. isini demonstrant studentebs zedmetad emociurobasa da araracionalobaSi gvadanaSaulebdnen. dRes ki Tavad dganan barikadebTan. gakvirvebis garda, aRniSnuli procesi aCens udides eWvs, rom TviTmmarTvelobis aqtivizmi garkveul merkantilur pirad interess ukavSirdeba. swored am merkantilur interesSi SegviZlia veZioT politikuri kvalic. Tsu-Si ukve gamocxadda kancleris Tanamdebobaze konkursi. TviTmmarTvelobis mizania, rom maTdami finansurad da sxva kuTxiT loialuri kancleri airCion. politikuri Zala - saministros saxiT – ki, Tavis mxriv, eZebs misTvis advilad samarTav da sakontrolo pirs kancleris adgilze, radgan saministrosa da Tsu-is reqtorats Soris mZime urTierTobebia Camoyalibebuli, isini bevr rameze ver Tanxmdebian. dRes saministro da TviTTmmarTvelobac orive mxarisaTvis sasargeblo kandidatis SerCevisa da misi lobirebis mizniT gaerTiandnen. rac Seexeba moTxovnebs: mxolod 2%-iani fondis da “mease semestrelebisaTvis” gadasaxadis ganaxevrebis moTxovna aris CvenT-
ba mxolod maTTvis arasasurveli reqtorisaTvis problemebis Seqmnisa da sauniversiteto sportis ganviTarebis sakiTxebis Sesaxeb aris SesaZlebeli. Sesabamisad, misi produqtiulobis ar mwams. moSimSileebisagan gansxvavebiT, me mTavar problemas uuflebo, eWvian da zedmetad frTxil reqtorSi ver vxedav, mTavar problemas ganaTlebis politika warmoadgens.” – ambobs studenti, universitetis senatis wevri, levan lorTqifaniZe. gansxvavebuli damokidebuleba aqvT universitetis administraciaSi. Tsu-is administraciis xelmZRveneli, daviT ComaxiZe, fiqrobs, rom studentebi arsebuli situaciis gaumjobesebisken iRvwian, rac progresulad moazrovne axalgazrdebisTvis savsebiT bunebrivia qmedebaa. “isini [studentebi] gamoxataven TavianT damokidebulebas, TavianT SeniSvnebs da es bunebrivi movlenac aris. ganaTlebis reforma saqarTveloSi daiwyo 2006 wels. mas Semdeg bevri raRac Seicvala. es yvelaferi iyo axali. maSin miiRes axali kanoni ganaTlebis Sesaxeb, garkveuli infrastruqturac ganviTarda im periodSi. raRac nabiji maSin gadaidga, magram reforis Semdeg 9 weli gavida. es arcTu ise didi droa imisaTvis, rom evropuli Rirebulebebi daamkvidro da gaerkve. cxadia, maSin miRebuli kanonic ar iyo WeSmariteba. bunebrivia, muSaobis procesSi gamoCnda problemebi. parlamenti warmovidginoT, erTxel rom iRebdes kanons da Semdeg es kanoni ar icvlebodes, misi saWiroebac ar iqneboda. asevea, is normebic cxovrebaSi gasatarebeli. universitetSic analogiuri ram moxda. raRac etapi gaviareT, axla gadavdivarT axal etapze da, ra Tqma unda, moTxovnilebac izrdeba. me Tavisuflad SemiZlia vTqva, rom saukeTeso studentebi gvyavs. studentebis moTxovna iqidan ki ar gamomdinareobda, rom universitetSi saSinladaa yvelaferi, ara, maT meti undaT.” universitets saprotesto talRam mSvidobianad gadauara. vis ucxo. danarCen debulebebs ki reqtori kabinetSia, studentebi 2010 wlidan gaaqtiurebuli stu- auditoriebSi. denturi moZraoba Tavad ayenebs aqciis mizani sistemis gaumdRis wesrigSi yoveldRiurad. zo- jobeseba iyo. amisaTvis Seiqmna gadad, termini “pirdapiri sabiuje- 5-kaciani samuSao jgufi, rometo dafinanseba” qarTul realoba- lic ganaTlebis saministrosa da Si Cveni aqtivizmis Sedegadac aris universitetis warmomadgenlebTan damkvidrebuli. erTi wlis win Tav- erTad imoqmedebs. Tu ramdenad ad vmonawileobdi samuSao jgufis gaarTmeven Tavs mimdinare probSexvedrebSi. saubedurod, saminis- lemebs da ra dagvrCeba zemoxsentrosa da Cveni xedvebi radikalu- ebuli 14-punqtiani moTxovnisgan – rad gansxvavdeba erTmaneTisagan, dro gviCvenebs. isini universitetis dafinansebis gazrdasa da saerTaSoriso referirebis sistemis danergvas nikoloz Todua ar apireben. maTTan molaparake-
horizonti
19 noemberi
kultura
SUNDAY LITERATURE – ganaTleba, mecniereba, xelovneba
,,maxsovs Cemi pirveli leqcia, Cvens leqtorTan, (daviT maziaSvilTan). man mkiTxa- ra ginda? sad ginda rom iyooo? me dabneulad vupasuxe -TeatrSi... maSin warmoudgeneli iyo CemTvis, rom marTlac Semiyvanda vinme iq da damtovebda..’’ – es inglisuri filologiis bakalavris, naTia bendelianis sityvebia, romlis studenturi cxovreba ,,sakvirao literaturulma klubma“ mravalferovani gaxada. Sunday Literature - anu, ,,sakvirao literaturuli klubi“ dinamikuri sivrcea, romelic saxelovnebo da saganmanaTleblo proeqtebis garda, yovel kviras, studentebis, leqtorebis , literaturisa da xelovnebis warmomdagenelTa Sekrebis, saubris, diskusiis adgilia. studentebi saxelovnebo da inteleqtualur cxovrebaSi arian CarTulni, rac Tavis mxriv maTi SemoqmedebiTi ganviTarebis safuZvelia. ,,sakvirao literaturuli klubi“ 2010 wlidan arsebobs da misi damaarseblis, ivane javaxiSvilis saxelobis Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis asocirebuli profesoris, filologiis doqtoris, daviT maziaSvili TqmiT, klubis mizani erT sivrceSi Sekrebili leqtorebisa da studentebis saubrobaria im ideebis garSemo, romel-
Tac universiteti emsaxureba. aRsaniSnavia isic, rom ,,yofili klubis wevri“ ar arsebobs. klubis saqmianoba TaobaTa dialogs efuZneba. swored daviT maziaSvilisa da sakvirao literaturuli klubis studentebis iniciativiT da xelmZRvanelobiT Catarda proeqti ,,sturua-Seqspiris samyaro“, romelmac Tbilisis saxelmwifo universiteti da SoTa rusTavelis saxelobis profesiuli saxelmwifo dramatuli Teatri daakavSira. mis mesame nawilSi uSualod skolebic ki CaerTvnen da proeqti uaxloes momavalSi gansxvavebuli formatiT gagrZeldeba. ,,sturua Seqspiris samyaro regionebSi“, savaraudod, gazafxulidan daiwyeba da masSi qvemo qarTlis, imereTisa da samegrelos regionebi CaerTvebian. TiToeuli regionis administaciul qalaqSi leqciebi da videoCveebebi moewyoba. ufrosklaselebs leqciebs ,,sakvirao literaturuli klubis” studentebi waukiTxaven. proeqtis bolos ki igegmeba TiToeuli studentisTvis rusTavelis TeatrSi eqskursiis mowyoba, isini Sexvdebian robert sturuas da daskvniT nawilSi naxaven ,,iulius keisars“. klubis mier ganxorcielebulma proeqtebma konkretuli Sedegi gamoiRo. proeqtis mesame etapze skolis moswavleebma sturuas Seqspiris samyaroSi asaxuli maTTvis saintereso Temebis Sesaxeb eseebi daweres. am etapze saukeTeso namuSevrebis redaqtireba mimdinareobs da 2016 wlis ianvarSimoswavleTa eseebis krebulis prezentacia gaimarTeba. am krebulSi, im studentTa samecniero naSromebic Seva, romlebmac Tsu–is Seqspiris samecniero kvleiTi centris da britaneTis sabWos mier organizebul
studentur samecniero konferenciaze gaimarjves. (moxseneba hamletze, mefe lirze, riCard mesameze, Sobis meTormete Rameze – sturuas interpretaciaze dayrdnobiT). daviT maziaSvilis azriT, studentsa da leqtors Soris urTierToba leqcia–seminarze ar unda wydebodes. es jaWvuri, mudmivi urTierToba unda iyos. am dros ganaTleba, mecniereba da xelovneba erT sivrceSi eqceva. studentis uflebaa hqondes am sivrceSi yofnis SesaZlebloba, raTa gamoavlinos sakuTari SesaZleblobebi da Seqmnas realuri inteleqtualuri produqti. germanuli filologiis profesoris, konstantine bregaZis TqmiT, ro-
melic uSualod monawileobda klubis iniciativiT Catarebul sturuas speqtakl ,,asulni“–s ganxilvaze, aRniSnavs, rom swavlebis procesSi damatebiTi sivrcis arseboba saganmanaTleblo diskurss metad aviTarebs. ,,daTos gvirabSi SevyavarT da mere, roca unda gavideT, gvtovebs, rom TviTon veZioT sakuTri Tavi“– ambobs naTia bendeliani. ,,Sunday literature–m, rogorc mas studetebi eZaxian, literaturisa da Teatris didi wre Sekra
sofiko kartozia
Tbilisma meTvrameted gaa-JAZZ-a TbilisSi rigiT me-18 jazfestivali dasrulda. 23 oqtombers dawyebul festivalze iseTi cnobili jazSemsruleblebi gamovidnen, rogorebic arian: daiana kroli, jef balardi, esperansa spaldingi, aviSai koeni, legendaruli ,,fourplay”... saRamoebi ivenT holsa da Tbilisis sakoncerto darbazSi imarTeboda. „Tibisi statusis“ mxardaWeriT gamarTulma festivalma, tradiciulad, anSlagiT, siurprizebiTa da moulodnelobebiT Caiara. festivalis pirveli dRe, 23 oqtomberi, daiana krolis koncertiT gaixsna. 5 gremis mflobelma, kanadelma momReralma da jazpianistma qarTvel msmenels variaciebi SesTavaza Tavisi axali albomidan „wallflower“. daiana kroli 9 oqros da 3 platinis albomis avtoria. is aris erTaderTi jazSemsrulebeli, romelic 8 albomiT ikavebda wamyvan poziciebs bilbordis jazalbomebis siaSi. pirveli albomi 1993 wels gamouSva. amJamad, msoflio masStabiT, gayiduli aqvs 15 milionze meti albomi. daiana krolis Tan axlda bendi, romelmac damoukidebladac Seasrula ramdenime kompozicia. koncertis Semdeg Semsruleblebi biszec ki gamoiZaxes. kanadeli momRerali simRerebs Soris xSirad mimarTavda msmenels da Tavisi STabeWdilebebis Sesaxeb saubrobda. rogorc Tqva, is moxiblulia
horizonti
saqarTveloTi, gansakuTrebiT, qarTuli stumarTmoyvareobiT da WaWiT. „gvixaria, rom moxerxda daianas Camoyvana da Tbilisis jazfestivali kvlav axerxebs qarTveli melomanebis ganebivrebas.“- gancxada festivalis organizator „istern promouSenis“ direqtorma, giorgi kereseliZem. festivalis meore dRe, 25 oqtomberi 30 wlis amerikel jazbasists, Celistsa da vokalists, gremis 4 jildos mflobel esperansa spaldings daeTmo. esperansa spaldingi pirveli jazmusikosia, romelmac gaimarjva nominaciaSi „saukeTeso axali Semsrulebeli“. 5 wlisam Tavad Seiswavla violino, ukravda aseve hoboisa da klarnetze. 2011 wlis noemberSi moigo bostonis musikaluri jildo nominaciaSi „wlis jazSemsrulebeli“. „esperansa spaldingi aris gamovlineba imisa, Tu dRes ra „ixarSeba“ Tanamedrove musikalur SemoqmedebaSi. me bednieri var, rom Tbiliss pativi ergo, umaspinZlos aseT moTxovnad, mniSvnelovan musikoss,“- aRniSna kulturisa da ZeglTa dacvis ministrma, mixeil giorgaZem. esperansa spaldingis unikalurobaze isaubra aseve qarTvelma jazSemsrulebelma, maia baraTaSvilma da ixumra, rom misi „musikis mosmena adamianisTvis, romelic ar aris mzad, SeiZleba, saSiSic iyos“. esperansa spaldingis STambeWdavi
Sous Semdeg, 26 oqtombers, jazfestivalis scena jef balardis trios daeTmo. jef balardi amerikeli drameria, romelic Tavisi karieris ganmavlobaSi ukravda iseT cnobil SemsruleblebTan, rogorebic iyvnen : rei Carlzi, pet meTeni, reid andersoni, bred mildau, mark terneri da sxva. „Zalian momwons saqarTvelo, aqauri samzareulo. siamovnebiT davrCebodi kidev cota xans, rom meti gamego am qveynis Sesaxeb“,- aRniSna balardma koncertis Semdeg gulSematkivrebTan da JurnalistebTan saubrisas. 27 oqtomberi mesayvire aviSai koens daeTmo. koncertis dawyebamde kulturis ministris moadgilem, kaxa kandelakma gviTxra, rom saRamos msmenels siurprizi eloda. rogorc aRmoCnda, jef balardi saqarTveloSi kidev erT dRes darCa da aviSai koens da trivens kompanionoba gauwia. ebraeli mesayvire aviSai koeni cnobili musikaluri ojaxis wevria. misi da-Zma warmatebuli saqsofonistebi arian. „is saqarTveloSi israelis saelCos daxmarebiT CamoviyvaneT, ris gamoc madlobelebi varT“ ,- aRniSna kaxa kandelakma. saRamos Semdeg, jef balardma da aviSai koenma gulSematkivrebTan fotoebis gadaRebas da avtografebis darigebas didi dro dauTmes. „Zalian emociuri saRamo iyo, msmeneliT kmayofili var“, - gviTxra aviSai koenma. jazfestivalis Semdegi koncerti 28 oqtombers unda gamarTuliyo, Tumca edmar kasatanedas trios erT-erTi instrumentis Camotana saqarTveloSi ver moxerxda da saRamo 29 oqtombers, “fourplay”-s koncertis Semdeg gaimarTa. msmenelis winaSe pirvelad varskvlavuri Semadgenlobis „fourplay“ warsdga, romelic wels scenaze gamosvlis 25-e wlisTavs aRniSnavs. kvarteti asrulebs arendbis, pops da jazmusikas. maTi pirveli Canaweri milionze meti tiraJiT gaiyida da 33 kviris ganmavlobaSi inarCunebda pirvelobas bilbordis siaSi. ,,Fourplay” erTaderTi jgufia, romelic amerikis kongresma daajildova. 25 wlis wlisTavis aRsaniSnavad maT Tavisi axali albomi „silver” warmoadgines. darbazis datovebamde iyotradiciad qceuli bisi, rom-
lis drosac jgufma ori kompozicia Seasrula. erTi kompozicia „georgia” gitaristma Cak loebma saqarTvelos miuZRvna. amerikuli kvartetis Semdeg scenaze kolumbieli arfisti, edmar kastaneda da misi trio gamovidnen. kastanedam laTinuri jazi Seasrula da msmenelTa ovaciebic daimsaxura. am saRamoTi Tbilisis jazfestivali msmenels momaval wlamde daemSvidoba. „Zalian gvixaria, rom mravalferovani programa gamogvivida. wlevandeli da aqamde Catarebuli koncertebiTac qarTveli msmeneli aRfrTovanebuli iyo“,- aRniSna „istern promouSenis“ direqtorma, giorgi kereseliZem. amrigad, wlevandelma festivalma qarTveli melomanebis guli moigo. saRamoebze misulma msmenelma klasikuri Tu inovaciuri jazSemsruleblebis profesionaluri da improvizaciuli Sesruleba ixila. melomanebs „istern promouSeni“ kidev araerT saintereso koncertsa da cnobili Semsruleblis mowvevas pirdeba.
qeTi goguaZe
19
sporti
90-ianebis sazRauri yvela problemas aqvs winapiroba da gamomwvevi mizezebi gza, romelsac mivyavarT arsebul Sedegamde. dRes qarTul sportSi saxarbielo situacia araa da amis mizezis garkvevis survilsac ukan, 90-ianebSi, mivyavarT.
19 noemberi
qalTa fexburTis ganviTarebis gza gulnara gabelias xedviT saqarTvelos qal fexburTelTa erovnuli nakrebis Tavdamsxmeli, gulnara gabelia, miiCnevs, rom nakrebis donis asamaRleblad, upirveles yovlisa, qalTa erovnuli Cempionatis gamarTvaa aucilebeli. misi TqmiT, erovnuli gundi bolomde ibrZvis da wageba, iseve rogorc gulSematkivrebs, arc nakrebis wevrebs ar siamovnebT. gulnara gabeliam, romelic yazaxuri klubis “biik kazigurti”-s fexburTelicaa, CvenTan saubrisas, gulistkivili gamoTqva qarTuli qalTa fexburTis dRevandeli mdgomareobis gamo.
politikas yovelTvis didi gavlena hqonda. imaze mZime suraTi ki, rac 90-ianma wlebma politikuri vnebaTaRelviT saqarTvelos moutana, rTuli warmosadgenia. qveyanam SeZlo da XX saukunis miwuruls damoukidebloba aRidgina, magram dauZlurebulma sabWoTa „monstrma“ kudis moqneva mainc moaxerxa da saqarTvelos problemuri Tavgadasavalic aqedan daiwyo. am periodSi bevri sisxli daiRvara da cxovreba gaWirda. 9 aprilis tragedia, samoqalaqo omi... Seiqmna umZimesi socialuri foni, Camoyalibda TviTgamocxadebuli SeiaraRebuli bandformirebebi, romlebic ganukiTxavad daTareSobdnen qveynis masStabiT. separatistebTan xangrZlivma omebma uamravi adamiani imsxverpla, welSi gatexa qarTuli ekonomika, daikarga teritoriebi, moSimSile xalxi Tveebis ganmavlobaSi amaod eloda bunebriv airsa da eleqtroenergias. erTi sityviT, alfred hiCkoki wlebis gardacvlili rom ar yofiliyo, filmebis gadasaRebad realur faqtebze agebuli scenari eqneboda. vis axsovda am dros sporti? vin aaSenebda stadionebsa Tu darbazebs sxvadasxva saxeobisTvis? vin gaagzavninda mwvrTnelebs ucxoeTSi kvalifikaciis asamaRleblad? vin Cadebda fuls bavSvTa sportSi, imis imediT, rom investicias wlebis Semdeg amoiRebda? pasuxi cxadi da erTmniSvnelovania: arc aravin! Cvenc, rac davTeseT, imas vimkiT. maSindeli bavSvebidan, romlebic dRes ukve unda yofiliyvnen Camoyalibebuli profesionalebi da swored am periodisTvis iqnebodnen karieris mwvervalze, bevrma sports Tavi daaneba, bevrmac guli aicrua. zogic ucxoeTSi gadaixvewa da sxva qveynis saxeliT miaRwia warmatebas. dResdReobiT, ekonomikis winsvlis Sedegad, sportis ganviTarebisTvis finansebi gamoiyo. qveyanaSi Camoyalibda azri, rom bavSvTa sporti mniSvnelovania da momavalze gaTvla aqedanve unda gakeTdes. Cndeba imedi, rom arsebul pirobebSi niWieri, axalgazrda Taoba sakuTari potencialis srulad gamovlenas SeZlebs da Cvenc evropisa Tu msoflios bevr Cempions aRvzrdiT. qarTveli sportsmenis mogebul oqroze ki ucxo qveynis himni aRarasdros agugundeba.
aleqsandre kalmaxeliZe
20
“upirveles yovlisa, nakrebis donis amaRleba erovnuli Cempionatis CatarebiT unda daiwyos, ra Tqma unda, warmatebaSi dafinansebac did wvlils Seitans. rTulia, maRal doneze iTamaSo, rodesac Cempionatic ar gaqvs. fizikuradaa Zneli, aseve saTamaSo praqtikis uqonloba saboloo Sedegs gvaZlevs. arc Cven ar gvsiamovnebs didi angariSiT wageba, Tumca maqsimalurad vcdilobT, Sedegs mivaRwioT.” – ganacxada gabeliam. 24 oqtombers, “narionio”, rogorc gulnaras yazaxur gundSi eZaxian, saqarTvelos erovnul nakrebs evropis Cempionatis sakvalifikacio etapze, CrdiloeT irlandiis winaaRmdeg ver daexmareba. gabeliam CempionTa ligaze “barselonasTan” pirveli raundis dapirispirebis dros TavSi dartyma miiRo. marTalia, ganmeorebiT Sexvedra Caatara (espanelebs golic gautana), Tumca travma bolomde moSuSebuli ar aqvs.
gulnara gabelia: “Sejaxebis Semdeg araferi ar maxsovs. gonze saavadmyofoSi movedi. Semdeg ki videodan vnaxe, Tu ra moxda. RvTis wyalobiT, mZime travma ar aRmomaCnda. samwuxarod, saqarTvelos Crd. irlandiasTan matCSi ver davexmarebi. Sejaxebis Semdeg Tavis tkivilebi maqvs da unda vimkurnalo. warmatebas vusurvebs nakrebs, suliT da guliT maTTan var.” “narinios” sakmarisi dro li Cempionati laq Simkentis ba. aprilSi ki
gamojanmrTelebisTvis aqvs. yazaxeTSi erovnumorCa da ianvramde qagunds Sesveneba eqneCempionati ganaxldeba.
1985 wlis 30 maiss dabadebulma gulnara gabeliam saqarTvelos moqalaqeoba mimdinare wlis zafxulSi daibruna. 2010 wels yazaxeTSi wasvlis Semdeg gulnaram saqarTvelos moqalaqeoba dakarga. senakis sofel ekSi dabadebuli gabelia pataraobaSi burTs biWebis gundTan erTad agorebda, wlebis ganmavlobaSi ki misi kariera aewyo da axla yazaxeTis Cempionatis oTxgzis (2011, 2013, 2014, 2015) saukeTeso bombardiricaa. “pataraobidan biWebTan erTad vTamaSobdi, Zalian momwonda TamaSi. Semdeg 2006 wels norC dinamoSi viyavi. Semdegi ori weliwadi “trabzonSi” davyavi, agreTve, viyavi baTumis “dinamoSic”. 2008 wels omis gamo yazaxeTSi Cemi wasvla gadaido. Semdeg ki movaxerxe “biik kazigurtSi” gadasvla, oTxgzis bombardiric gavxdi.”
CempionTa ligaze ukve meore sezonia gulnaras goli gaaqvs. gasul sezonSi momaval Cempion “frankfurts” saSinao matSi goli gautana, mimdinare sezonSi ki “barselonasTan” stumrad wagebul SexvedraSi (1:4) gamoiCina Tavi. “marTalia prestiJis goli gaxldaT, Tumca mainc sasiamovno iyo. rTuli TamaSi gamovida, daRlilebi viyaviT, radgan espaneTSi Sexvedris dRes CavfrindiT. “kamp nouze” viyaviT, yvelaferi davaTvaliereT da Zalian kmayofili davrCi.” gabeliam oqtomberSi saqarTvelos erovnuli nakrebis evroSesarCevi etapis TamaSebi Crd. irlandiasTan (0:3) da SveicariasTan (0:4) gamotova. 2016 wlis aprilidan sakvalifikacio etapis ganmeorebiTi Sexvedrebi daiwyeba da, imedia, gulnara saqarTvelos qalTa fexburTis warmatebaSi wvlils Seitans.
giorgi balaxaZe
skolis merxidan ,,mileniumamde” erovnul nakrebSi wels pirvelad iTamaSa,Tumca pirvel aRiarebamde didi xnis lodini ar dasWirvebia. milton heigis moulodnelma gadawyvetilebam qarTul ragbis axali istoria aCuqa. vaska, rogorc mas megobrebi eZaxian, sul raRac 3 Tvis win saatestato gamocdebs abarebda, dRes ki msoflio ragbis istoriaSi yvelaze axalgazrda moragbea maT Soris, visac ki msoflios Cempionatebze uTamaSia..
- upirveles yovlisa, gilocav, rogorc Sens warmatebas, ise nakrebis warmatebul gamosvlas. erovnul nakrebamde didi gza gaiare, saidan iwyeba vasil lobJaniZis, rogorc moragbis, istoria? - yvelaferi 2007 wels daiwyo, msoflio Cempionats vuyurebdi televizorSi da Zalian momewona. 11 wlis viyavi, pirvelad rom mivedi savarjiSod da pirvelive varjiSisas mivxvdi, rom mindoda, am sportSi vyofiliyavi da davrCi. mas Semdeg Tavi ar daminebebia, Cavardna ar mqonia. Tavidan dRegamoSvebiT vvarjiSobdi, magram xSirad didebis varjiSsac veswrebodi. mSoblebmac mxari amibes, mamaCemi dResac eswreba Cems TamaSebs, rac Zalian mexmareba. ra Tqma unda, iyo asakobrivi nakrebebi da gundi „armazi“, sadac dResac vTamaSob. - skola damTavrebuli ar gqonda erovnul nakrebSi TamaSi rom mogiwia, rogor Segxvdnen gundelebi skolis moswavles? - biWebi gverdSi damidgnen da mamxnevebdnen, marTalia Zalian patara viyavi, magram yvela acnobierebda, rom Cem asakSi nakrebSi kepis moxveWa patara ambavi ar iyo. 17 wlis viyavi pirvel testze rom wamiyvanes,
marTalia ar miTamaSia, magram Zalian didi gamocdileba miviRe, Semdeg iyo erTa Tasze germaniis winaaRmdeg Catarabeuli matCi da rogorc xedavT, mas Semdeg nakrebis ucvleli wevri var. - romelia SenTvis yvelaze dasamaxsovrebeli Sexvedra? - Znelia amorCeva, axal zelandiasTan Sexvedra TavisTavad dasamaxsovrebelia, magram mniSvnelobiT, erTa Tasze ruseTTan Tbilisur dapirispirebasa da msoflioze tongas winaaRmdeg Sexvedras gamovyofdi. Sen axsene tongasTan Sexvedra, es gaxsniTi matCi iyo nakrebisTvis, xolo SenTvis sadebiuti msoflio Cempionatze, inerviule? - simarTle giTxra - ki, magram cota, isev da isev gundelebis daxmarebiT. TamaSamde muxlebic ki mikankalebda, magram rogorc ki gasaxdelSi Sevedi, yvelanairi SiSisgan gavTavisufldi, mxolod TamaSze vfiqrobdi. uzomod bednieri var, rom tonga davamarcxeT. - Semdeg iyo zelandia, yvelam viciT ra moxda moedanze. Tu SegiZlia mogviyevi ra xdeboda moednis miRma? zelandiasTan Sexvedras yvela mouTmenlad velodiT. gundSi gvyavs asakovani moTamaSeebi, romelTac bevri unaxavT, magram „ol bleqsisTvis“ 20 wlis biWebiviT anTebulebi emzadebodnen. pirdapir rom vTqvaT, yvelasTvis movlena iyo uZlieres nakrebTan TamaSi. ra Tqma unda, yvelas gvesmoda, rom gamarjveba SeuZlebeli iyo, magram Cven bolomde vibrZoleT, leloc ki davdeT. didi angariSiT damarcxebis miuxedavad, yvelani bednierebi viyaviT, Tan mamuka gorgoZe matCis saukeTeso moTamaSed daasaxeles. - zelandiasTan TamaSi heigma ZiriTadSi ar dagawyebina, ras grZnobdi, rodesac moedanze Sexvedi? ar vici, sixaruli, bedniereba, cota nerviuloba da daujereblobis grZnoba. yvelaferma erTianad Semi pyro, namdvilad ver vijerebdi, rom zelandias veTamaSebodi. riCi makqousTan Caxuteba mindoda, magram Serkinebis dros gamovedi da burTi unda gameTamaSebina. SviliSvilebs movuyvebi, rom im xalxs veTamaSe, visi posterebiTac oTaxis kedlebi mqonda avsebuli. - bolo Sexvedra iyo namibiasTan, gulSematkivari Zalian anerviuleT.
rogor Seafaseb am Sexvedras? - TiTqos ar vnerviulobdiT da sakuTari Tavis gvjeroda, magram matCis msvlelobam aCvena, rom yvelaferi ase martivadac ar iyo. cxadia, namibiaze Zlieri gundi gvyavs, magram Sexvedris mniSvnelobam fsiqologiurad imoqmeda Cvenze, msajic TiTqos maT exmareboda. sabednierod, RvTis wyalobiT, gavimarjveT, aseT mogebas hqvia gamarjveba klasis xarjze. - icodi, rom yvelaze axalgazrda moTamaSe iyavi msoflio Cempionatebis istoriaSi? - ki, vicodi. nanaxi mqonda statistika. kidev erTxel aRvniSnav, urTulesi iyo CemTvis es Sexvedrebi, verasdros warmovidgendi, msoflioze TamaSis Sansi Tu momecemoda, miT umetes, 18 wlis asakSi. Zalian mixaroda, imdenadac ki, rom yvelaze naklebad vfiqobdi Cems gamocdilebaze. dResac ver vijereb, rom msoflioSi, raRac doneze cnobili saxe var. - namdvilad cnobili saxe xar, msoflio Cempionatis Semdeg ucxoeTidan SemoTavazeba xom ar gqonia? - samwuxarod, jerjerobiT ara. albaT samomavlod unda velodo, yovel SemTxvevaSi nakrebis TamaSebze Tavs ar davzogav da Cems TamaSs gavaumjobeseb, satransfero periodic dasrulebulia, ase rom sezonis bolomde Tbilisis „armazSi“ viasparezeb. msoflio Cempionati dasrulda, uaxloes periodSi moTamaSeebs individualuri jildoebiT daajildoveben. vaska lobJaniZe ki wlis aRmoCenis jildozea nominirebuli mark benetTan da nehe milner-sqaderTan erTad. rogor Seafaseb Sens Sansebs? - Znelia Sansebze saubari. Cemi azriT, ukeTesad TamaSic SemeZlo da vTvli, rom am jildos mopovebis favoriti ar var, beneti Zalian kargi moragbea da Sotlandiis erT-erTi lideri iyo, sqaderi ki- ubralod brwyinvalea, zelandiis ZiriTadSi TamaSobs da finalSic ki moaxerxa lelos dadeba. me rom virCevde jildos, swored sqaders gadavcemdi.
nika qevxiSvili
horizonti
19 noemberi
Tavisufali sivrce
,,Cveni maTematikis maswavlebeli mesizmrao” xSirad xdeba ase, iRviZebs Cemi da, maRviZebs da meubneba: «raRac cudi moxdebao, Cveni maTematikis maswavlebeli mesizmrao. ai, maSin rom mesizmra, maSinac raRac cudi moxdao.» amas rom ityvis, erT Tves mainc areuli dadis. avtobusSi, marSutkaSi, metroSi, quCaSi raRacnairad imaleba. sul ase iyo: is (Cemi da) zis, es (Cemi maTematikis maswavlebeli) sias kiTxulobs. es eubneba: «mzeo, dafasTan gamodi, dedi.» is gadis. es eubneba: «mzeo, gakveTili Camabare, dedi.» is ise ibneva, Tavis saxelsac ver ixsenebs. maxsovs Cemi dis putkuna tuCebi nerviulobiT wvrildeboda. ginaxavT fotoebi osvencimis sakoncentracio banakidan? adamianebs mxolod tuCebi hyidiT, Tavs ver uyrian, zogjer silurjeebic sWirT. maTematikis gakveTilze dafasTan mdgari Cemi da hgavda rigiT osvencimels, romelsac aravin Seiyvanda gazis kameraSi, Tumca sajarod gaaSiSvlebdnen. ras ar
etyodnen, izarmaceo, ar moindomeo, ar iswavleo. mec, Cemeburad - tyuilad mawvalebmeTqi, dros makargvineb-meTqi, ar xar debili, ubralod maTematikas ver swavlob-meTqi. erT dRes Cemma maTematikis maswavlebelma sajarod ganacxada:
“skolas mainc ver daamTavreb, mzeo, dedi.” erT dRes Cemma dam skola daamTavra da misken aRar gauxedavs. erTxel xom aiRo sti pendia Cemma dam da axla meoresac elodeba, magram SigadaSig mainc maRviZebs da meubneba: “raRac cudi moxdebao, Cveni maTematikis maswavlebeli mesizmrao, ai, maSin rom mesizmra, maSinac raRac cudi moxdao”. mere, Cveulebisamebr,
erT Tves ivlis Cemi da areuli da avtobusSi, marSutkaSi, metrosa da quCaSi raRacnairad daimaleba. gavida dro da raRacebi Seicvala. dafasTan dgoma Cems biZaSvil maris uwevs da ara Cems das. axla ukve is (Cemi biZaSvili) zis,es (Cemi maTematikis ukve yofili maswavlebeli)
sias kiTxulobs. es eubneba: “mari, dafasTan gamodi, dedi.” is gadis. es eubneba: “mari, gakveTili Camabare, dedi.”is ise ibneva, Tavis saxelsac ver ixsenebs. albaT, maris putkuna tuCebic Cemi dis putkuna tuCebiviT nerviulobiT wvrildeba. albaT, maTematikis gakveTilze dafasTan mdgari maric hgavs rigiT osvencimels, romelsac aravin Seiyvans gazis
kameraSi, Tumca sajarod gaaSiSvleben. Cemi dis msgavsad, ras ar etyvian, izarmaceo, ar moindomeo, ar iswavleo. me ki maris arasodes vetyvi tyuilad mawvaleb-meTqi, dros makargineb-meTqi. Sevaxseneb maTematikasTan mtroba Sens SesaZleblobebSi nu dagaeWvebs-meTqi. erTi fiqri maqvs mxolod, ra moxdeba Tu erT dRes mova mari da sizmars metyvis, sizmris SiSs metyvis. “raRac cudi moxdebao, Cveni maTematikis maswavlebeli mesizmrao, ai, maSin rom mesizmra, maSinac raRac cudi moxdao.”
nini SveliZe
uRmerTod darCenili dedebi
eqvsi wlis viyavi, rodesac deda saqarTvelodan wavida. mama yoveldRe makiTxavda skolaSi da sxva dedebTan erTad iwerda Cems davalebebs. movdiodiT saxlamde da gzaSi viTvlidi: - ain, cvai, drai, - germanuls vaswavlidi mamas. zeimze direqtoris gverdiT ijda, radgan Cvens leqsebsa da simRerebs mxolod ori mamakaci usmenda. im dros deda darekvasac iSviaTad axerxebda. Tumca me yovelTvis yvelaze meti da lamazi fanqari, rveuli da saweri kalami mqonda. Semdeg tansacmeli, mobiluri telefoni, fuli - funTuSebis sayidlad. erTi sityviT, bavSvobam laRad Caiara. mxolod mogvianebiT mivxvdi, rom me ver movaxerxe - skolidan dabrunebuls - dedis gakeTebuli saWmeli meWama , daevarcxna CemTvis Tma banaobis Semdeg, momeyola, rogor Semiyvarda pirvelad da rodis vigrZeni pirveli imedgacrueba... didxans vbrazobdi masze da mtkioda martooba. gavizarde da gavaanalize, rom qalisTvis, romelsac ori Svili hyavs, rTulia, ar ibrZolo cxovrebasTan. rTulia, ar gqondes saxli, stabiluri Semosavali da imedi, rom maT mainc Seuqmni momavals. deda axla aq aris. monatrebuli, natanji, mTel samyaroze Zvirfasi da saukeTeso deda, romelic wamarTva cxovrebam, qveyanam, RmerTma da iRbalma. me axla mis dabrunebas vcdilob da iciT, rom es Cveni Taobis ganukurnebeli senia ?! samsaxuridan dabrunebuli kompiuters mivujeqi da socialur qselSi damxvda aJiotaJi, romelic saqarTvelos patriarqis gancxadebam gamoiwvia.
horizonti
„dRes Semovida saqarTveloSi mankieri wesi - dedebi toveben Tavis ojaxebs, midian ucxoeTSi da qmar-Svili upatronod rCebaT saxlSi. zogierTi fiqrobs, rom ar aris samuSao, ar aris samsaxuri. es ar aris swori. yvelaze didi qomagi da damxmare adamianisa aris Cveni dedamiwa. erTma saqmem Tu ver gagimarTlaT, moekideT meores, mesames, meaTes.” gadaxvewil emigrantebs sTavazoben dabrunebas qveyanaSi, sadac maZRari mx-
olod finansTa ministria megobrebTan erTad, sadac saSualo Semosavali samasi laria, erTi puri ki 80 TeTri Rirs, sadac mosaxleobis naxevari socialurad daucvelia. ganaTleba Zviria, ganaTlebamde misaRwevi gza ki -gauvali da Tu am gzis gavlas moaxerxeb, Semdeg mxolod iRbals unda miendo, romelic mowyale sulac ar aris. marTlmadidebluri samyarosTvis patriarqi is kerpia, romelmac am gancxadebiT guli mxolod me ki ara -, asiaTasobiT emigrants atkina. etkinaT dedebs, romlebsac enatrebaT saxli, romlebic ver xedaven, rogor swavloben maTi Svilebi pirvel leqss, romlebic ver eswrebian ojaxis wevrebis dabadebis dReebsa da niSnobebs; dedebs, romlebic avseben am qveynis biujets. 2014 wlis aRweris monacemebis mixedviT, saqarTveloSi 3 778.5 adamiani cxovrobs. araoficialuri statistikiT, saqarTvelodan 1 607 744 adamiania emigranti. maTgan 65% qalia, romelTa ojaxebis Semosavals (srulad an nawilobriv) am qalebis gzavnilebi Seadgens. gamodis, rom isini arian erTaderTi marCenali sakuTari ojaxebisa da aramarto sakuTari ojaxebis. migrantebis fuladi gzavnilebi qveyanaSi pirdapiri ucxouri investiciebis moculobas aRemateba. Cven ar gvaqvs miwa, rom davamuSavoT. Cven ar gvyavs mdidari naTesavebi
saxelmwifo struqturebSi. Cven uimedo dedebis Svilebi varT. Tqven ki maTs sasowarkveTil brZolas mankierebas uwodebT. sanam aRsarebas CaibarebT da maT, visac Tqveni sjeraT, etyviT, rom codvebi mietevaT, sul erTi wamiT, gadmodiT Tqveni Savi ji pebidan, gamorTeT Tqveni bolo modelis telefonebi, moixseniT Tqveni oqros Zewkvebi, datoveT safuleebi Tqvens sasaxleebSi da midiT bavSvebTan, romlebsac wlebia ar hqoniaT axali saTamaSo, romlebic naTesavebis gamocvlili tansacmliT izrdebian, romlebsac SesZuldaT supi brinjiT da SeSis Setana gayinul saxlSi. Semdeg ki mxolod erTxel CaxedeT TvalebSi maTs dedebs da mixvdebiT, raze arian wamsvlelni. mixvdebiT, rom mankiereba swored maTi gankiTxvaa. Tqven iciT, rom Tqvens Svilebs arasdros ar dasWirdebaT samsaxuri saWmlis sayidlad. isini miiReben ganaTlebas prestiJul universitetebSi da mTavari maTTvis yvelaze ZviradRirebuli iqneba. dedas eZina, ar daunaxavs Cemi cremlebi am gancxadebis wakiTxvis Semdeg. ar daunaxavs imedgacruebuli Svili. Sevxede mZinares da mivxvdi, rom is saukeTeso dedaa samyaroSi. mivxvdi, rom minda Cems Svilebsac hyavdeT, swored aseTi “mankieri” deda.
ani sariSvili
21
19 noemberi
is, rac unda icode... • 07.01.2015 - islamuri saxelmwifos teraqti Jurnal “Sarli ebdoze” – daiRupa 12 da daSavda 10 adamiani. • 07.01.2015-20.03.2015 – teraqti iemenis dedaqalaq sanaSi, jamSi daiRupa 200 da daSavda 350-ze meti adamiani. • 02.04.2015 – “aS-Sabaabis” teraqti keniis qalaq garisaSi, daiRupa 150 da daSavda 80 adamiani. • 18.02.2015 – teraqti avRaneTis qalaq jalalabadSi, daiRupa 30-ze meti da daSavda 100-ze meti adamiani. • 1.06.2015 – teraqti erayis provincia anbarSi, daiRupa 40 da daSavda 30-mde samxedro piri. • 12.07.2015 – teraqtebis seria erayis dedaqalaq baRdadSi, daiRupa 25 da daSavda 100-mde adamiani. • 17.07.2015 – teraqti erayis qalaq bani saadSi, daiRupa 120 adamiani. • 20.07.2015. – teraqti TurqeTis qalaq suruCSi, daiRupa 30 da daSavda 100-mde adamiani. • 17.08.2015 – teraqti tailandis dedaqalaq bangkokSi, daiRupa 20 da daSavda 120-ze meti adamiani. • 10.10.2015 – teraqti TurqeTis dedaqalaq ankaraSi, daiRupa 100-ze meti adamiani, 250-ze meti ki daSavda. • 13.11.2015 – teraqti libanis dedaqalaq beiruTSi, daiRupa 40-ze meti adamiani, 250-mde ki daSavda. • 13.11.2015 – teraqtebis seria safrangeTis dedaqalaq parizSi, daiRupa 155-mde adamiani, daSavebulTa raodenoba ki 220-s aRwevs.
mTavari redaqtori: salome Caduneli
koreqtorebi: JuJuna yanCaSvili gvanca deviZe
nomris redaqtori: TamTa WrikiSvili xelmZRvaneli: teqnikuri redaqtori: natalia jalaRonia damkabadonebeli: firudin rustam-oRli stilistebi: TamTa CxaiZe nikoloz Todua
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asocirebuli profesori maia toraZe
horizonti mis.: WavWavaZis 8 tel.: 557 12 00 44
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