FAITH IN ACTION 09 MARCH 2019 | Issue 6712 | $1.50
Questions You’ll Ask God at Uni Under Two Flags: Salvation Soldiers in WWI The Sexiest Book in the Bible
Helping Young People in Foster Care Thrive as Adults Behind the Scenes with the Sallies at Waitangi
How godly play is helping our children discover God for themselves
06
11
14
17
WAR CRY The Salvation Army
New Zealand, Fiji, Tonga and Samoa Territory TERRITORIAL LEADERS Commissioners Andy & Yvonne Westrupp | GENERAL Brian Peddle | FOUNDERS William
& Catherine Booth
The Salvation Army’s message is based on the Bible. Our ministry is motivated by love for God. Our mission is to preach the gospel of Jesus Christ and meet human need in his name without discrimination. War Cry exists to support and advance The Salvation Army’s message, ministry and mission. MANAGING EDITOR Ingrid Barratt | GRAPHIC DESIGN Sam Coates, Matt Gillon | STAFF WRITERS Captain Jules Badger, Hugh Collins, Major Shar Davis, Robin Raymond | PROOF READING Major Jill Gainsford, Vivienne Hill OFFICE Territorial Headquarters, 204 Cuba Street, PO Box
6015, Marion Square, Wellington 6141, Phone (04) 384 5649, Fax (04) 382 0716, Email warcry@salvationarmy.org.nz, www.salvationarmy.org.nz/warcry SUBSCRIPTIONS Salvationist Resources Department, Phone (04) 382 0768, Email mailorder@salvationarmy.org.nz, $75 per year within NZ PRINT MANAGEMENT www.makeready.nz | PAPER Sumo Offset
is an environmentally responsible paper produced using Elemental Chlorine Free (ECF) FSC® certified Mixed Source pulp from responsible sources and manufactured under the strict ISO14001 Environmental Management System. Member of the Australasian Religious Press Association.
23
The Mystery in the Mist I’m a parent who loves to talk to my child about God, but I often find myself in theological tangles, trying to explain abstract ideas to a very literal six-year-old. Jacob loves the story of Jesus dying on the cross and rising again—and I love that he loves it. But when I tried to explain why Jesus died, I broke out in a cold sweat trying to navigate ‘penal substitution’ and ‘Christus victor’ theories, without stumbling into some sort of heresy. My fellow over-thinkers out there might relate! So, imagine my relief when Salvation Army Children’s Mission Director Hannah Medland said that she embraces the mystery. ‘I often say to children, “Isn’t it mysterious?” so we talk about the mystery of Easter, and we wonder about it together.’ I decided to try this with my son. When he asked me what God is like, instead of answering for him, I asked, ‘What do you think God is like?’ We chatted about this, and talked about God being everywhere and how we could feel God, even though we can’t see God. Finally, Jacob said, ‘I think God is a mist’. The overthinker in me was horrified. But, as I reflected, I thought that it wasn’t a bad metaphor for God—we can’t see God but he is everywhere and we can feel him. It’s probably more biblical than an old man with a white beard sitting on a cloud. I’m really enjoying the spiritual journey with my child; as we explore Bible stories together, I find that I’m also learning again to wonder at the mystery of the eternal God. Ingrid Barratt Editor
All Bible references from the Holy Bible, New International Version, unless otherwise stated. Articles are copyrighted to The Salvation Army, except where indicated, and may be reprinted only with permission. Publishing for 135 years | Issue 6712 ISSN 0043-0242 (print), ISSN 2537-7442 (online) Please pass on or recycle this magazine Read online www.issuu.com/salvationarmynzftwarcry
www.salvationarmy.org.nz SalvationArmyNZFTS @SalvationArmyNZ salvationarmynzfts
2 WarCry 09 MARCH 2019
Mystery creates wonder and wonder is the basis of man’s desire to understand. Neil Armstrong
John 1:18 No one has ever seen God, but the one and only Son, who is himself God and is in closest relationship with the Father, has made him known. Hoani 1:18 Kāhore anō he tangata i kite noa i te Atua; ko te Tama kotahi, kei te uma nei o te Matua, nāna ia i whakapuaki.
Under Two Flags: The New Zealand Salvation Army’s Response To The First World War By Harold Hill, Phil Lascelles, Garry Mellsop, Kingsley Sampson. Edited by Kingsley Sampson. $59.95 GET YOUR COPY | mailorder@salvationarmy.org.nz
I
tend to read every military history book I can get my hands on, so it was with anticipation I opened the stunning new book Under Two Flags, edited by Kingsley Sampson—launched by The Salvation Army’s Flag Publications this week. Starting with the stirrings of conflict, moving through Egypt, Sinai and Gallipoli and onto the Western Front, Under Two Flags is a compelling narrative that highlights the response and the extent of the Army’s reach, as it attempted to meet the huge social and pastoral challenges brought on by WWI. This comprehensive and well-researched book brings to life lesser-covered aspects of Salvation Army work during the global conflict—such as Home League support for soldiers and families, fundraising and banding, the Army’s response to the devastating 1918 influenza epidemic, and how Germany was represented in War Cry. By the time of WWI, The Salvation Army in New Zealand had consolidated into an evangelical church denomination with a strong social ministry; its adherents numbered about one percent of New Zealand’s population. The early Salvation Army leadership had strong pacifist leanings, but this did not hold them back from seeking to ‘serve and save’ both soldiers and society during the war. At the onset of war, the Army was quickly on the ground, providing both spiritual and practical ministry to the growing thousands of soldiers training in camps like Trentham and Featherston. This important early work was then continued through its chaplains, who were appointed by the New Zealand Army to serve overseas with the troops—notably in Egypt, France and England.
The book also covers how Salvationists grappled with the tension of being soldiers during the conflict. The sheer reality of warfare—killing other humans in the hope that your side or cause would be victorious— presented a huge moral dilemma: ‘I find it very difficult to keep true to my enrolled pledge since I’ve been on active service, for practically everything is against one; but I thank God I can trust him at all times and I know he will not forsake me,’ wrote one Salvationist soldier. Combat was further complicated by the fact that fellow Salvationists might be among the enemy ranks. But not all Salvationist enlistees were active combatants. Many chose to serve in the medical corps or in ambulance brigades, rather than take up arms. Many also brought to the armed forces their expertise as bandsmen and contributed significantly to military bands. Some also acted as informal evangelists, sharing their robust faith with their mates. In the intense atmosphere of combat, chaplains took on significant roles. Letters home wrote of ‘heartfelt times’, and one letter from Cairo claimed ‘twenty souls have sought Salvation in the last three weeks’. These stories of Salvationists who served overseas in WWI, and the analysis of the pre- and post-war background of some of these soldiers, is a welcome addition to Salvation Army history. It also shows how the Army, through its individuals and institution, profoundly impacted New Zealand society and the war effort during the conflict. BY MARTIN BARRATT
09 MARCH 2019 WarCry 3
A Posture of Praise Yoga has boomed in popularity over recent years. Now, a new alternative is allowing people to exercise through postures, while meditating on the Word of God. PraiseMoves is a workout with physical, mental and spiritual benefits, run regularly out of The Salvation Army’s Wellington City Corps, and other locations in Wellington. A team was recently at flagship Christian event Festival One, where over 150 people were introduced to the workout. But it is far more than putting a ‘Christianese’ stamp on yoga, says certified instructor Tina Robilliard. ‘It’s a ministry. Every posture we do is tied in with a scripture. So as you’re stretching and strengthening your body, you’re being transformed by the renewing of your mind, you’re nourishing your spirit, and getting to praise the Lord. That makes it a spiritual practice, which is what makes it an alternative to yoga,’ she says. ‘My aim is to be as good as, if not better, in the yoga marketplace.’
OURPEOPLE
Matt Gillon Senior Graphic Designer Matt Gillon joined the communications team at the start of 2019 and is slowly adjusting to working in Wellington city—having spent the best part of 20 years working at at a small design firm on the sleepy Kāpiti Coast. With a faith background in the Presbyterian and Open Brethren traditions, he is regularly surprised by the size and scope of the Army’s influence and innovation across New Zealand. His creative interests expand across design, photography, music, and the intersection of faith and the mind. Despite his best efforts, his four kids are a constant reminder that he doesn’t really know much.
Weird of the Week In World War II, a cat known as ‘Unsinkable Sam’ survived the sinking of three warships. He was originally rescued by the British destroyer HMS Cossack from a sinking German ship. However, this boat was later torpedoed, but Sam somehow survived again and joined British boat the Ark Royal. But this too was torpedoed, and Sam was later found clinging to a floating plank. Talk about a miracle cat! 4 WarCry 09 MARCH 2019
Tina Robilliard demonstrates the ‘Angel’ posture.
It’s just as much about worship as exercise, adds Tina. For example, ‘The reed’ is a posture ‘where you stand nice and tall, and stretched out like a reed,’ she explains. ‘The reed denotes something fragile and easily waved by the wind. But Isaiah 42: 3 says, “A bruised reed he will not break.” So we hold this lovely strong posture, and we reflect on this verse, and we are strengthened and restored physically and spiritually.’ The ‘Angel’ posture (pictured) is accompanied by Psalm 91: 11: ‘He shall give his angels charge over us to keep us in all our ways.’ It’s not only Christians doing PraiseMoves, but others in the community are joining the regular classes, including people who have formerly practised yoga. ‘People are being physically healed, as well as healed of hurts and confusion, and people are coming to know the Lord,’ says Tina. MORE INFO | facebook.com/PraiseMovesWellington
Comedy-drama Stan & Ollie (PG, offensive language) Jon S.Baird
Steve Coogan and John C. Reilly bring legendary comedy duo Laurel and Hardy back to life in a biographical flick that’s (mostly) good fun and light-hearted. The pair have a superb on-screen chemistry as they depict the later years of these once beloved screen and stage performers. With Scottish director Jon S.Baird behind the camera, Stan & Ollie certainly does a job at portraying this distinct era of slapstick comedy. Coogan and Reilly also have the ability to pull at a few heartstrings as we see the role friendship played in the lives of these iconic entertainers. S&O isn’t going to break box office records but it’s an easy watch that’s sure to bring smiles to a plethora of demographics. (Reviewed by Hugh Collins)
WARCRYINHISTORY
Chelsea’s famous kumara & bacon salad Ingredients
¼ cup mayonnaise
Oil, for frying
¼ cup sour cream (or use extra mayo)
1kg kumara 250g bacon, chopped ¾ cup chopped walnuts ½ a red onion, finely sliced ½ cup freshly grated parmesan ¾ cup cooked peas, cooled
¼ cup finely chopped parsley, plus extra to serve ¼ tsp white pepper ¼ tsp black pepper ½ tsp salt Squeeze of lemon juice
Peel the kumara and chop into 4cm pieces. Add to a large pot of salted water, bring to a simmer and cook until tender— about 10–15 minutes. Drain and allow to cool. While the kumara is cooking, add some oil and the bacon to a frying pan over a medium heat. Fry for about 15 minutes until crispy. Drain on paper towels and discard the extra oil. Add the warm kumara to a large bowl with the bacon, walnuts, red onion, mayonnaise, sour cream (or extra mayo), parsley, Parmesan, peas, peppers and salt. Squeeze in the lemon juice and toss gently to combine. Serve garnished with extra parsley, or refrigerate until needed. It’s nice warm or chilled and will last a couple of days in the fridge. Source: chelseawinter.co.nz
QUIKQUIZ
1 Which Social Media platform began on 21 March 2006? 2 The Romans named March after which god? 3 What year did the first McDonald’s restaurant open? 4 What was coconut water used for during World War II? 5 Who told Mary her son was to be named Jesus? Answers on page 22
After having been a heavy smoker for over 16 years, in 1910 War Cry reported that Sergeant J. Grindlay of Addington had been ‘delivered from the tobacco habit’: ‘I praise God that from the house I put my pipe away, over a year ago from now, I have not had the slightest desire for tobacco in any shape or form. Of all the victories that I have had, this stands out as the most remarkable, and I claim that the Lord worked a miracle in my heart.’ Source: Booth College of Mission Heritage and Archives Centre
TOPFIVE Great Kiwi sporting moments that aren’t rugby, cricket or sailing 5. Nikki Jenkins, gymnastics gold at Auckland Commonwealth Games 1990—At just 14 Nikki remains the youngest person to ever win gold at the Commonwealth Games. She wasn’t even expected to place! 4. Lydia Ko, Evian Championship title, France 2015—Lydia became the youngest major champion in the history of the LPGA tour. 3. Danyon Loader, two swimming golds, Atlanta Olympics 1996—The Timaru lad took gold in both the 200m and 400m freestyle finals. 2. Sarah Ulmer, track cycling gold, Athens Olympics 2004—Our legendary cyclist set the velodrome ablaze when she powered round the circuit to win gold in the 3000m individual pursuit. The ride saw her beat her own record she’d broken in the event’s qualifying round! 1. Triathletes Hamish Carter and Bevan Docherty, gold and silver, Athens Olympics 2004—on a sweltering day Hamish and Bevan gave us a rare gold and silver finish. Plenty of us recall the pride we felt as these legends stood on the podium with our national anthem blaring.
‘Be thankful for what you have; you’ll end up having more. If you concentrate on what you don’t have, you will never, ever have enough.’ Oprah Winfrey
09 MARCH 2019 WarCry 5
Hannah Medland takes a godly play session at Petone Corps Plant.
Hannah Medland has been awarded ‘Children’s Worker of the Year’ for her passion and pursuit of ‘godly play’—helping children explore the relationship with God they experience in their everyday lives. BY INGRID BARRATT
I
t’s Sunday morning and there’s something strange happening at The Salvation Army in Miramar. Children are getting ready to go into kids’ church, but in a way that distinctly lacks chaos, rioting, and—dare I say it—could even be described as serene. Hannah Medland is The Salvation Army’s Children’s Mission Director. Today, she is bending down and greeting each child at the door, asking: ‘Are you ready to meet with God?’ When they are ready, each child enters the ‘sacred space’ of the classroom, and joins the circle of friends. I am witnessing a new way of teaching children about the Bible, known as ‘godly play’. It has been widely adopted in The Salvation Army UK with the Republic of Ireland Territory, and is gaining momentum among our children’s ministries here. Entirely different from the loud, proud, party atmosphere of most modern children’s ministries, the godly play format is steeped in reflection and ritual, borrowed from liturgical church traditions. The emphasis is not on teaching children about God, but giving them the language to express their relationship with God, who they already experience in their everyday lives. ‘We usually treat children as empty vessels we need to fill. But, instead, godly play looks at children as spiritual beings who know God, and who encounter God regularly. We are there to help them connect the God we talk about in church, with the God they already know,’ explains Hannah. Back in the godly play circle, the only other adult helper says a prayer and lights a candle—encouraging the children to focus on the sacred time they are entering. ‘We only have one other adult in the room because we want to dispel the myth that adults know everything and that adults are there to give them the answers,’ explains Hannah. ‘In the godly play room, everything is at child height and it’s a really safe place where children don’t feel like they might get an answer wrong, but that their wondering is totally valid.’
The wonder of wonder … Wonder is a big part of godly play. Hannah begins story time by getting out a golden lidded box, and even this becomes something mysterious and wonderful. ‘Look, this box is the colour gold. Something inside must be precious like gold,’ says Hannah. ‘The box looks like a present. Parables were given long ago as presents.’ She opens the box to reveal a large piece of brown felt fabric. ‘I wonder what this could really be ... I wonder if it could be a giant chocolate bar … ’ The children enjoy taking guesses at what it might mean. Hannah flattens out the fabric and begins to tell the ‘Parable of the Sower’, using painted wooden figures. 09 MARCH 2019 WarCry 7
Every godly play Bible story is told in the middle of the circle, with tactile props—echoing how children play with toys. The story of the Israelites wandering in the desert uses a miniature sandpit, which children can run their fingers through. There are even Salvation Army-specific props, such as a miniature flag and mercy seat, as well as William and Catherine Booth figurines. The story of the sower begins to unfold, and Hannah asks: ‘I wonder who the sower could really be?’ ‘Mr Snail!’ says one boy. Hannah smiles, ‘The sower could be Mr Snail.’ She simply reflects back what the children say to ‘show they have been heard’. They enjoy giving their thoughts on why the sower might have planted in rocky soil and how he felt. One child asks, ‘But why is he planting yarn in the ground, how is it going to grow?’ Through the conversation, the children discover there are two types of sowing (spelt differently)—one with fabric, and one with plants. I can’t help wondering to myself: if the story was told in a more traditional way, would that child have left the classroom still baffled? ‘I wonder what the person was doing when the little seeds were choked by the thorns?’ continues Hannah. And so the conversation unfolds. ‘I’m trying to move things a bit closer to this idea of helping kids discover God for themselves, because when you discover a spiritual truth in a Bible story for yourself, that is much more powerful than being told. That’s why Jesus spoke in parables,’ says Hannah. After the story, the children are given a ‘response time’, where they can play, explore, draw and reflect on the story in their own way. ‘One kid decided he was going to draw what he thinks the Kingdom of Heaven looks like,’ Hannah recalls. ‘He had a gate that had a sign saying, “Pure souls only”. There were these banks of hearts with a sign saying, “Good souls for bad people,” and there were angels, and God was there. ‘So we got to have a really awesome conversation about, “Well what is a pure soul then?” It was such a great discussion point. If I had told the kids what activity to do, we would never have seen what that child was wondering about, understanding and absorbing.’
Little heretics? Godly play was developed from Montessori principles, which encourages children to direct their own learning. Dr Maria Montessori was herself a Catholic Christian, and believed the method should be used for teaching the Bible. Part of her philosophy was that we should not assume we know what children need, and observe them instead. ‘The godly play method is much more than a clever way to tell Bible stories,’ explains theologian and educator Rev Dr Jerome Berryman, who developed the Godly Play Foundation. ‘Godly play answers the cry the child has: “Let me experience God myself”. It is more like worship than like school. It emphasises a relationship with God.’ But something is bothering me. Are we in danger of turning out little heretics if we don’t teach children the ‘right answers’? Afterall, as Christians, are we not truth bearers? The aim is still to tell the truth, explains Hannah, but it’s about how we help children get there. ‘We just need space to hear the questions. Children’s spirituality is integrated into their everyday lives, so one day they’ll be hanging upside down on the couch watching Paw Patrol and then the next second they’re asking if God has a brother. They haven’t learnt to compartmentalise yet—and I would hope they never learn that. ‘I would try and brainstorm with them, “What do you think? Why do you think he has a brother?” I would try to understand their thinking. I want kids to know there is a truth, but I want them to know that they can explore it for themselves.’
The one million Hannah’s passion for children was recently recognised by the ‘One Million Children’ organisation, which aims to give all one million kids in New Zealand the opportunity to explore a relationship with God. At their annual conference, Hannah was honoured with the national ‘Children’s Worker of the Year’ award. Trained as an early childhood educator, there’s no doubt Hannah is passionate about kids—‘I just think children are the best human beings!’ she exclaims. But she is even more passionate about seeing children as equal disciples within the wider church. ‘For example, I would love to see the day when our divisional business leaders would go to corps and say, “Children are our priority so we need to see that reflected in our budgets”. Because discipleship begins at childhood.
‘ … GODLY PLAY LOOKS AT CHILDREN AS SPIRITUAL BEINGS WHO KNOW GOD, AND WHO ENCOUNTER GOD REGULARLY.’ 8 WarCry 09 MARCH 2019
‘For me, my faith began in childhood and I know that was so crucial, and I may not have a faith now if it hadn’t begun in childhood. ‘Even at pre-school age, I don’t think we should just see ourselves as just babysitters. I have a picture of kids coming into church and throwing their arms around their pre-school teacher, and then thanking that teacher at their 21st for being such a significant part of their lives.’
Surprising the World Children’s ministry is equally crucial because children are part of our communities, says Hannah. ‘I think, generally, we’re quite good at looking after ourselves, but that is not our mission. We are The Salvation Army and we need to live as if it’s our job to make disciples.’ At Miramar Corps, Hannah has begun what she calls a ‘Surprise the World lifestyle’. ‘It’s about living these “questionable lives” that propel us into the world, lives that look so radical that people can’t help but ask questions. That’s so biblical, because obviously that’s who Jesus was,’ explains Hannah, who based the initiative on Michael Frost’s book Surprise the World. People at Miramar Corps have committed to habits that include deliberately blessing three people a week, and eating with
In Their Own Words …
This is what the children at Miramar Corps had to say: Zoe Knauf, 7
What is God? He is something that can never be taken away from you and he’s everywhere. What is your favourite Bible story? Creation. What do you like best about kid’s church? My favourite thing about kid’s church is response time. What is love? Love is in every feeling and everywhere. It is also a pure feeling.
Oscar Politini, 8
What is God? Someone who is the father of everybody in the world. What is your favourite Bible story? Philippians 4:13:
three people a week: one person has to be inside the church, one has to be outside the church, and one can be either. Hannah says it can be as simple as taking a few minutes to write a card, or meeting someone new for coffee. ‘It sounds intense, but we eat 21 meals a week, plus coffees, so it’s just maximising what you do.’ She gives the example of her sister Summer, who struck up a conversation with a neighbour she had never met. The neighbour mentioned something needed fixing in their house. Later, Summer went back with cookies. Then, she was able to find someone at church who could fix the neighbour’s property. ‘Imagine if we did that every week until Jesus comes? That’s who the early church was, and that’s why they had a huge impact,’ sums up Hannah. ‘We are sent as missionaries to where we are now. ‘All this doesn’t look intensely like children’s ministries, but children are in our communities, and if we became The Salvation Army that is known for salvation again, that would have a tremendous impact.’ FIND OUT MORE | Contact Hannah.Medland@salvationarmy.org.nz or check out the official Godly Play Foundation channel on YouTube to watch godly play stories.
I can do all this through him who gives me strength. What do you like best about kid’s church? Learning new stories. What is love? It’s a really good feeling that you get.
Jay Knauf, 8
What is God? God is made of pure love. What is your favourite Bible story? Noah and the ark. What do you like best about kid’s church? Getting to know about God. What is love? Love is a pure feeling that will never end and forces you to smile.
09 MARCH 2019 WarCry 9
Good Reasons to Hang in There With a Friendship When we reflect on the good times in life, it’s likely many of these moments involve our closest friends. But is it worth hanging in there when a friendship goes wrong? These relationships are an important foundation in our lives— people we depend on for fun, companionship and wisdom. But, the reality is, friendships are not all weekend road trips, or in-jokes about the time you made a fool of yourself in front of a crush. Like romantic relationships, friendships have more than their fair share of challenges. A few years ago, one of my closest friends got into a serious relationship (yes you can see where this is going) and started to become quite distant. Yet upon reflection, I asked myself, what was his perspective in this situation? Did I need to give him some space for a season? By communicating with him clearly, and showing each other some grace, we were able to work through our differences. Subsequently, I still call him one of my best friends today. Here’s some things to consider when working through the testing times of a friendship.
EVERYONE HAS THEIR STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES—SO A SINGLE PERSON IS NEVER GOING TO MEET ALL OUR NEEDS.
1. Alter your expectations: Before you lose a friend because of some perceived hurt, make sure that it’s not you who is placing harmful expectations on the friendship. When our expectations of friendships are not met, we can easily become upset or disillusioned. The truth is, everyone has their strengths and weaknesses—so a single person is never going to meet all our needs. For example, I have one friend who’s not particularly empathetic. However, while he’s not going to use words to encourage me when I’m down, he builds me up in other ways—such as through his humour.
2. Choose grace over cynicism: When someone has upset us it’s easy to see the worst in them. But what about the things this person does well? What about those positive traits that drew you to them in the first place? This isn’t to say there’s never a time to move on from a friendship, but we need to remember our friends are human, just like us. Initially, choosing to forgive is never easy, but in my experience you’re always glad you did. 3. Keep communicating: When I finally felt I had to be honest with the friend mentioned above, I found it helpful to write him an email. This isn’t an excuse to allocate blame. But for many of us, addressing someone in person can be
10 WarCry 09 MARCH 2019
intimidating—even if you’ve known them half your life. But the main thing is to keep communicating in a way that works for you both. 4. Know your boundaries: Friendships often fall apart because it feels ‘one-sided’. How are you letting your friend violate your boundaries? For example, do you feel it’s always ‘on their terms’, or like you are always there for them, but not vice versa? If this is happening, rather than blaming them, you need to re-negotiate the friendship so it works for both of you. A good friendship is life-giving to you both. BY HUGH COLLINS
Friends come and go like the waves of an ocean, but a true one stays like an octopus on your face. Anon.
TESTIFY! Natalie Simpkin may be an officer’s kid, but she is a child of the world by calling. A widely-travelled social justice advocate and professionallytrained youth worker, Natalie undeniably wears her heart on her sleeve. But those sleeves are always rolled up! Someone punched Dad at church when I was a four years old. Not surprisingly, I’ve always struggled with ‘church’. But not with Jesus. I made a firm decision to follow him at a ‘crusade’ as a child. I’m an Aussie officer’s kid, and we moved around in my first few years. However, at 18 I knew what I was experiencing in church was lacking somehow—there had to be more. I was studying psychology at university and working part-time, when I attended a Salvation Army ‘Take Time to be Holy’ conference. It was here that I first heard about Sydney-based Praxis. The next few years were life-changing for me. Not only was I having my mind blown learning about youth development through Praxis, but I had the privilege of interning at The Salvation Army Auburn Corps in Sydney. This was church, but not as I’d known it! It was insanely multicultural with 90 different ethnicities represented. I had heard social justice preached, but never really seen it in action. Auburn Corps was a busy, chaotic, mission-focused, seven-daya-week community hub. I was utterly enamoured! This was an incredibly formative season for me. After completing my studies, I travelled to India, Nepal and South East Asia. The people were materially poor, yet incredibly rich in other ways. When I returned home I was overwhelmed by the juxtoposition between what I had just experienced and the lavishness all around me. I was deeply conflicted and a calling to do
SMUGGLING OF DRUGS, ARMS AND WOMEN WERE ALL PART OF THE DAY-TO-DAY REALITY OF LIFE THERE. more stirred within me. So I applied for a job in Mexico. Six weeks later, I arrived in Tapachula, on the Guatemalan border. My new home had a population of 10,000 that doubled when migrant caravans arrived en route to the US border. Smuggling of drugs, arms and women were all part of the day-to-day reality of life there. My job was managing a youth transition programme for six girls from a local orphanage who had come of age and were preparing to live independently. The work was rewarding but challenging, and I experienced burnout after contracting salmonella, nine months into my 12 month contract. I trained my replacement and then travelled around Mexico for a while recovering and reflecting. It was
during this time Mum spotted an advertisement for a youth worker position with the Army in Auckland. The phrase ‘multi-cultural community’ piqued my curiosity. I prayed and thought, ‘God if you want me there, I’m willing to go but you better be sure about what you’re doing!’ I arrived in September last year and here I am! I’m confident God has called me to help the generations work together here at Auckland City Corps so that we can be really effective in our local multi-cultural community of Mt Wellington. ‘For such a time as this’ keeps playing on repeat in my spirit. So, like Esther, I will keep trusting and praying, positioning myself for whatever God requires of me.
09 MARCH 2019 WarCry 11
Questions
o d G k s A l u l ’ o Y at Uni When we enter into an academic environment like university, questions can hit us faster than we can pick up a theology textbook. But Christian faith was never about having all the answers to life’s big mysteries … was it? BY HUGH COLLINS
Starting university for the first time is a fun and exciting season. No uniform, Monday sleep-ins—sometimes? But if you’ve grown up in a Christian home, it can also be the first time you encounter challenging questions about God and the beliefs you were raised on. But believe it or not, this could actually be the best thing that ever happened to your faith. I grew up in the warm embrace of the church—I loved the Bible stories and never questioned the faith of my childhood. However, in my late teens, a number of years after I’d come to call myself a committed Christian, I began to ask the hard questions of the faith I was born into it. Why was my religion the ‘right’ one given the thousands of others that existed? Why do horrendous things happen to good people every day? Oh, and didn’t that Darwin guy get rid of our need for a God?
ATHEISTS AND EVANGELISM I knew a guy who was a bit of an evangelist—but not the kind you’re probably thinking of. Let’s just call him Hitch (after well-known atheist Christopher Hitchens). Hitch would literally carry around a copy of Richard Dawkin’s The God Delusion, a famous atheist blueprint, in the same way we might carry a Bible (ironic much?). 12 firezone.co.nz 09 MARCH 2019
For him, all religion was poison. ‘We have no need for God anymore Hugh, science explains everything,’ he ranted. ‘Religion is fairy tales for adults!’ This made me feel silly and stupid, as I didn’t have the knowledge required to argue with him. But, thankfully, regardless of Hitch’s fundamentalist atheism, I still continued to be part of church and pursue my faith. I think I was at a point where I was convinced I had experienced the presence and love of God, and no atheist logic was going to eradicate that. Looking back, it was a tad absurd that a 17-yearold boy, with no academic qualifications and minimal life experience, was confident he had the complete knowledge and logic required to disprove the existence of God. But, then again, don’t we as Christians like to act as if we know it all and that our beliefs can’t possibly be questioned? I believe the nature of God doesn’t change, regardless of the questions we may have about him. In other words, questions and doubts are totally ok! I would even go as far to say it should be encouraged.
WRESTLING NOT SUPPRESSING University can be a challenging place for a Christian, an environment where everything is seemingly based on logic and evidence. While I’d love to be able to give you a list of answers to the kind of questions you’re going to come up against, it’s always better to seek for yourself. However, I am going to give you three thoughts to keep in mind when you start to wonder why you have a faith in the first place.
1. Don’t suppress or deny your doubts
Pretending we don’t have questions or doubts about our faith isn’t going to make them go away, or magically give us the answers we want. It’s vital to remember that doubt is not the absence of faith. To quote Catholic writer Richard Rohr, ‘The opposite of faith is not doubt; the opposite of faith is control’. In my experience, the seasons where I’ve doubted and wrestled with my beliefs have enabled me to grow as both a Christian and a person. If you have specific questions, see it as a positive opportunity to learn more about God and theology. This isn’t to say you need to keep repeating the ‘correct’ answers you may have heard growing up in church. In the world of theology, you’ll discover all sorts of new and dynamic ideas about faith and Christianity. Exploring God’s kingdom beyond the lessons of youth group can be a profoundly positive and life changing experience. You may even find this is the very thing that revitalises your faith!
2. Talk with other Christians
In my seasons of questioning, I found chatting and engaging with other Christians helped me to feel less alone in what I was going through. You may think your Christian friends have all their beliefs sorted in a way you don’t, but chances are a majority of them have many of the questions you do. I think you’ll find there’s a strange kind of peace and encouragement that comes with embracing life’s questions in community. Also, if you feel like you’re not in a space where you can talk to God yourself, get people to pray for you.
3. God is still working
Despite the very definition of doubt implying that nothing is happening, you may be surprised to see this isn’t actually the case. Even in my darkest days of feeling like it was time to give up, I can still see that God was shaping me in ways I wasn’t aware. I now understand that he actually transcends our intellectual ideas and concepts—in other words, faith is about being in relationship with God! Our faith journey is about an ever-deepening relationship with a loving creator that knows us and wants to be known. After all, we’re not robots programmed to think exactly as our parents do! There have been times I could have traded in my Bible for a Richard Dawkins book. But the fact I chose to sit and wrestle with my doubts, as opposed to throwing in the towel all together, has helped me figure out what it is I actually believe (as opposed to what I don’t). In other words, I think questions are actually what make us feel alive and human in our faith.
09 MARCH 2019 WarCry 13
The independent living team at the dawn house blessing. Youth worker James Adams is second from right in the front row.
Helping Young People In Foster Care Move Mountains The Salvation Army is breaking new ground as it partners with Oranga Tamiriki to help young people transition from foster care to independent living. BY JULES BADGER
Nestled at the foot of te maunga Puketāpapa are two fairly ordinary-looking houses. But there is nothing ordinary about what is happening inside. An extraordinary team of people are working together to support young people make the transition from foster care to independent living. Launched on 19 February, part of the extraordinary team is professionally-trained and experienced youth worker James Adams, from Mt Albert Corps. Twenty-five year old James has a huge heart for young people, as evidenced in his eight years of youth work. ‘It’s not just a job, but a huge privilege,’ says James. ‘Youth work is a life choice. I choose to be part of the scaffolding that supports a young person’s development in the same way others helped scaffold my development. If I don’t get involved, if I don’t do this, who will?’ 14 WarCry 09 MARCH 2019
Youth suicide statistics in Aotearoa New Zealand are beyond alarming, says James. Not only are they the highest in the developed world, but they continue to trend upward. There are many factors behind these numbers, and while it’s not helpful to generalise, a lack of ‘resilience’ amongst young people is often cited as a key contributor. When James left home at 20, his mum and dad were still in the background to call upon when things got tough. ‘When I compare my reality to that of other young people, who—for reasons not of their own making—don’t have whānau support to help them navigate this critical life stage, a lack of resilience makes sense,’ James states. ‘We all have gaps—I have gaps—but I had whānau and wider supportive networks that helped me build resilience, so I could bounce back when tough stuff happened.’ So the opportunity to journey alongside young men, supporting them to set goals, and take positive steps towards independent living and increased resilience is, for James, ‘a no-brainer’.
First of its kind This new work in Roskill South is the first of its kind for The Salvation Army. Never before has government department
Oranga Tamariki out-sourced a programme like this to another service provider. Young people leave foster care when they turn 18, and many were not making the transition to adulthood as well as hoped, despite attempts by Oranga Tamariki to the contrary. Meanwhile, Salvation Army statistics show a high percentage of those living at Epsom Lodge or accessing our addiction services have a background in foster care. So it makes sense for The Salvation Army to become one of several partners, eager to try and reverse the negative outcomes for young people leaving care. The Salvation Army team are essentially setting up a normal flatting situation, but with increased support networks. Teina (young men) will flat with tuākana (older siblings), who have traversed a bit further along life’s path. James explains that it’s not the job of the tuākana to look after the teina, but to have a ‘guiding hand’ and ‘look out for’ them in their day-to-day life. By going to work each day, taking turns cooking and cleaning, tuākana role model functional adult life as best they can, while still being fully human and susceptible to mistakes and challenges themselves—hence, resilience is modelled as well. It’s about ‘living together authentically’, James affirms.
including tikanga adviser Captain Hana Seddon, Māori Ministry Co-ordinator Northern Division. Te maunga Puketāpapa is a significant site for tangata whenua, and so a partnership that takes steps to honour Te Tiriti o Waitangi is being intentionally developed. On 19 February, just before dawn, the house was formally blessed by local kaumātua, matua Martin Cooper, matua Toi Katipa, whaea Mere Karena-Komene and mauta Hone Hope. A mihi whakatau—followed by a lavish outdoor breakfast—took place as daylight emerged. One of the primary goals of the project is to exemplify ongoing implementation of good kaupapa Māori for work of this kind within The Salvation Army. The team is especially keen to find some kaumātua to mentor and engage with the young people in the way a grandparent might. ‘It’s just about showing an interest in the lives of these young people. The more support and genuine care the better,’ says Michael. Another aim of the project is to leverage other Salvation Army services. Michael is hopeful that, over time, some young people may even come to call The Salvation Army ‘home’.
‘IT’S JUST ABOUT SHOWING AN INTEREST IN THE LIVES OF THESE YOUNG PEOPLE. THE MORE SUPPORT AND GENUINE CARE THE BETTER.’ A God Thing The programme has the capacity for four young men, and two young women. Phase one is to get the male programme established, and then take the learning into the female programme in phase two later this year. The length of stay for a young person is fluid, and assessed on goal progress, but likely to be 1–2 years. A three-person day staff team is comprised of men’s Youth Worker James, women’s Youth Worker Hayley Loloi and Team Leader Matt Evans. Matt oversees the referral process of the teina, wellbeing of the tuākana, and household relationships; James works with the four teina, and Hayley will work with the two wāhine once the female programme begins. Speaking at the launch, House Manager and key project driver Michael Smith, who has dedicated 11 years of his life to youth work in the Mt Roskill area, said the project is ground-breaking for The Salvation Army. He explained that the successful tender for the contract was ‘totally a God thing’. During a team meeting in 2017, it came out that a significant number of the youth workers at the Roskill South Youth Development Team (Royal Oak Community Ministries) had personally provided accommodation and significant support to a young person at this crucial life stage. They wondered if there was an intentional way to support these young people, and within weeks, the Oranga Tamariki contract came up for tender. A number of individuals have worked together strategically over the past 12 months to see the project get off the ground,
Preparing a breakfast feast.
Would you like to be a mentor? The Puketāpapa house is looking for … • Volunteers to act as kaumātua/grandparents • a youth worker or social worker (with at least five years’ experience) who might be interested in living on-site as house parents for the girls’ house. CONTACT | michael.smith@salvationarmy.org.nz
09 MARCH 2019 WarCry 15
Historic Moments at Waitangi It was a week that made history at Waitangi this year, with the first ever four-day inter-church worship gathering. The Salvation Army was there to give praise and ‘get out their tea towels’. When The Salvation Army visited Ti Tii Marae at Waitangi last year, the tangata whenua issued a challenge: ‘Next time, bring your tea towels!’ So the team at Whāngarei Corps stepped up to the task, and over the past year have kept in touch, regularly bringing supplies to the Marae. A team of around 30 came from Whāngarei Corps and the Northern Division to help with Waitangi celebrations, which went from 3-6 February. A van load of fresh food and bread was taken up to help feed the crowds. During the official powhiri onto the Marae, the team helped out in the kitchen, with kai and cleaning up. On the scorching hot Waitangi Day itself, the Army ran a busy stall selling sausages and water for the rockbottom price of one dollar each, as well as donuts. Prayers were free.
‘We just went all day,’ says Corps Officer Lieutenant Jenny Ratana-Koia. ‘It’s an opportunity to build relationships with people, and our kids get to make great memories! That’s what I love. People were coming along and saying, “Oh now I can buy my whole whānau lunch”, because it’s so cheap.’ Although money raised went to Māori Ministry, the day was all about the people. ‘It wasn’t our kaupapa to make money, that’s not why we were there. We had people coming and going, the guitar came out. ‘I love the fact that Māori get to showcase who they are in a really positive way. It’s a beautiful, safe space, and it’s about making space respectfully.’ The Salvation Army was well represented at Waitangi, with our territorial leaders in attendance, as well as many Salvationists from ‘Wellington to Kaitaia’, says Māori Ministry Team Leader Margaret Morehu. She was involved in helping with the historic worship event—the first ever ecumenical worship gathering at Waitangi. For four days, two tents had speakers and musical worship, from 6.30am until well into the evening.
16 WarCry 09 MARCH 2019
Hundreds took part from churches all over New Zealand. It was the vision of Rev. Amiria Te Whiu, Resident Minister at Te Tii Marae, Waitangi, who says God gave her a picture for the event: ‘I visualised a white feather falling from the sky, I realised God ‘s hand was guiding the feather towards the Treaty of Waitangi, and with the feather he wrote the words, “I love you”.’ The Salvation Army ran one worship slot—led by Captain Hana Seddon and the Whāngarei Corps team. ‘It was an absolute honour and privilege to be involved,’ says Margaret. ‘It just showed me when God connects people, it’s wide and far and deep. It didn’t matter how small or how big your participation was, we were all there of one accord and one mind—and that was to worship our God and Creator.’ Another stunning historic moment at Waitangi was the first ever Christian waka—Te Waka Karaitiana— which came in with the waka taua fleet. It was also historic because Karaitiana was the first to be sailed by both men and women. ‘That was a prophetic act around bringing in peace and the gospel of God to where the Treaty of Waitangi was originally signed,’ reflects Margaret. ‘It was a moment that has been recorded in history and in heaven. All I can say is “Wow God”.’ BY INGRID BARRATT
Open for Good There was sun, laughter and celebration in South Auckland as The Salvation Army launched The Good Shop. The roving mobile shop will compete with shopping trucks selling goods at high interest to vulnerable people, by providing access to similar goods through safe and ethical credit—and with trained Salvation Army staff providing honest financial advice. A crowd of more than 100 people attended the launch at the Clendon Community Centre. They were treated to a performance by the Rewa All Stars dance group from Manurewa College.
A panel of The Good Shop partners answered questions about the venture—including Major Campbell Roberts, who said the launch was a statement by the partners and the wider community. ‘We’re coming together saying we don’t want people in our community to be in desperate situations. This is a statement to New Zealand that we’re here together to do something positive in the Manurewa community.’ Secretary for Programme Colonel Melvin Fincham then officially declared the shop open for good business.
Ronji Tanielu (left, one of the original advocates for The Good Shop initiative), and Jodi Hoare (The Good Shop Project Manager) with the van.
The Rewa All Stars perform at the launch.
Derelict Old Hall Transformed Into Thriving Community Space A group of officers in Taranaki have resurrected life into an unloved and derelict community hall. The building, located on the site of 10 Salvation Army social housing units in the suburb of Bell Block, was once a thriving community hall. When the former North Taranaki Corps shifted off the site 16 years ago, the doors of the hall were bolted shut. But when retired officers Majors Terry and Glenys Heese arrived to the area as Mission and Tenant Support officers, the couple had an exciting vision for the space. ‘Having been involved many years with similar buildings at Belfast in Christchurch, I knew immediately that something should be done to re-open the hall,’ Terry said. ‘Both for use by the residents, and also to reactivate possible Salvation Army activity in this growing suburb.’ The couple, along with New Plymouth Corps Officer Captain Karl Foreman, then decided to approach Bunnings Warehouse to see if they could get any support for the building’s renovation. Fortune favoured the bold, with the store offering to support the project by supplying various products for the refurbishment. A group from the New Plymouth Corps spent several Saturdays getting the hall up to scratch. This involved painting the building inside and out, along with a refurbishment of the kitchen and tidying of the grounds. The hall was officially rededicated and opened by Divisional
Leaders Captains Paul and Raewyn Gardner on 29 September last year. Karl says while The Salvation Army is prominent in the area, there’s not a lot of missional activity going. ‘So having a community space and a hall that’s fully functional, we can start different outreaches and can offer it as a space to the community. ‘That for us is quite exciting because New Plymouth is quite a spread out area, and Bell Block is a growing community. There are 500 houses coming up here in the next few years.’ While the current priority of the building is to offer a space of fellowship to the social housing residents, the officers intend it to be used for a range of purposes, including office space for various Army departments. ‘There’s so much going on here [with the Salvation Army] in New Plymouth, but not a lot of office space, so we’re just trying to think outside the square’ says Karl. 09 MARCH 2019 WarCry 17
A Colourful Welcome for Fiji Cadets The 2019 cadets in Fiji were officially welcomed to a crowded house, with plenty of moments to cherish. It was a sea of colours as people gathered for the Territorial Welcoming of the Cadets, on 10 February at Suva Corps. An estimated 600-strong crowd turned up to welcome the ‘Messengers of Grace’ 2019–2020 session. People gathered from the corps in the East Region (Lomaivuna, Raiwai, Nasinu and Suva Central) to witness this wonderful and auspicious occasion— including families of Cadets Mereani Betena, and Eleni and Rupeni Cadets Rupeni and Eleni Daucakacaka. Daucakacaka. The Territorial Leadership Team was led by Commissioner Andy Westrupp, and included Commissioner Yvonne Westrupp and LieutenantColonel Sheryl Jarvis, as well as Candidates Secretary Captain Kylie Tong and Booth College of Mission Principal Major Michelle Collins. Since this was the Sunday just after the Fiji Division Officers’ Council, all the Fijian officers were present, led by divisional leaders Major Anne and Alister Irwin. The Suva Central Brass Band and the music team led praise and worship, after which flags were ‘marched’ in. It was very encouraging to witness the various phases of Major Lasarusa Turaga (Corps officership, as retired Officer at Raiwai Corps—left) and officer Major Maika Cadet Mereani Betena. Raico was recognized for his years of being a faithful servant, and Captain Varea Rika was congratulated on her promotion. A moment to cherish was when Kylie presented the Messengers of Grace to Michelle, who laid the charge to the cadets, before Yvonne dedicated them with a word of prayer. 18 WarCry 09 MARCH 2019
Suva Central Brass Band, playing at the Territorial Welcome of the Cadets.
Cadet Mereani shared her testimony, which was quite powerful as she mentioned how she felt insecure and vulnerable at times. But with Jesus on her side, she gained confidence and courage to face the future. She also thanked her mum for all her care and love, despite their circumstances, and said her mum is a reason why she is where she is today. The Scripture reading was from 1 Kings 19: 19–21, read by Cadet Rupeni Daucakacaka. The theme was ‘Receiving the Torch’, and the Territorial Commander challenged everyone with his message that as Salvationists we need to do something about the torch that is either given to us or we are carrying. The song ‘Grace Alone’ summed this up well because it is only by grace that it is possible to accomplish the mission of receiving the torch and doing something about it. New appointments were also acknowledged during the service. Envoys Sailosi and Salaseini Laliqavoka were warranted, as they took up their appointment in charge for Tavua Corps. Other corps appointments were acknowledged: Major Iliesa and Litiana Cola, Nausori Corps Plant; Lieutenant Visa Kaurasi, Ba Corps; Captains Shiv and Tabu Ram, Lomaivuna Corps; and Lieutenant Adriano and Seremana Rokovesa, Navua Outpost. Major Louisa Raico was appointed as Assistant Divisional Director of Women’s Ministries, and Lieutenant Ruci Napolioni as Divisional Children’s Ministries Secretary. Finally, Sheryl pronounced the benediction, and then people were treated to some very powerful and scintillating action, with items from Nasinu, Raiwai and Suva Central Corps. At the end, the food was marvellous and people enjoyed the fellowship that continued thereon. Vinaka. BY LIMA GATURUA AND BENJAMIN COLA
The Daucakacaka family salute with Territorial Leaders Commissioners Andy and Yvonne Westrupp.
‘GOD IS CALLING US TO BE AMBASSADORS OF HIS REMARKABLE LOVE … ’
GAZETTE Appointment in Retirement: Effective 18 February: Major Campbell Roberts, SASH, Social Housing Network Manager, Auckland. Conclusion of Appointment in Retirement: Effective 3 March: Major Colleen Marshall, from Assistant Officer, Levin Corps, Central Division. Promotion to Glory: Envoy William (Bill) Hill from Christchurch, on 19 February 2019, aged 88 years. William Hill was born on 6 August 1930 in Greymouth, marrying Merle Smith on 7 March 1953. In 1986, Bill and Merle were commissioned as Territorial Envoys and appointed to Hornby Corps, followed by Westport Corps, with Bill then becoming the Public Relations Officer, Southern and Canterbury West Division. Retiring in 1995, Bill and Merle received a one year appointment in retirement to Clifton Corps, Southern Division. Please uphold Envoy Merle Hill, Murray, David, Christine, Lynette, Caroline and their families, at this time of grief and loss. Well done good and faithful servant of Christ!
Vote for Us! Love to swipe your Countdown Onecard? Well, keep it swiping this month, and you could help The Salvation Army to keep helping others! Countdown is running a competition until 17 March, where by swiping your Onecard you’ll be in for a chance to win rewards. If you’re a lucky winner, you can then vote for Countdown to donate the equivalent of your prize to one of three charities: KidsCan, Forest & Bird or The Salvation Army. It’s your call! In addition, go online and vote for your favourite charity to receive an extra $5000. We’re not biased or anything, but we definitely, positively think the Army deserves your vote! TO VOTE | coundown.co.nz/allforone
Kim Phuc is a remarkable person. On 8 June 1972, this nine-yearold Vietnamese peasant girl was caught up in an event that would change the course of history. During a US-led napalm attack on her village, Kim Phuc was engulfed in a fireball as she ran for her life. It burnt through her clothes, which she tore off as she ran away. That image was captured on camera by Nick Ut, a war correspondent, and published around the world the next day. It shocked the world and deeply impacted the American people. That picture, more than any other thing, turned the tide of public opinion—a war that inflicts that kind of suffering on the innocent cannot be allowed to continue. I knew something of this story, but it came as a great surprise and thrill to me to pick up her book entitled Love, which I found in a second-hand bookshop. In it are photos of love: moments of intimacy, laughter and kinship, love of grandparents and their grandchildren, family and friends, soul mates in a lifelong love story and more. The book is sponsored by Kim Phuc, who recounts her own journey through pain and suffering to Love—not just any love, but into the ultimate experience of love, grace and forgiveness found in Jesus Christ. The book is wonderful and takes pride of place on our coffee table. The introduction of the book says: ‘We are surrounded by love—the fierce emotion that consumes us as it expands our hearts and enables us to overcome the worst and savour the wondrous. Love is the nectar that inspires us as poets and parents, companions and neighbours, siblings and citizens. It is the depth of sentiment that defines us and shapes our humanity, a river connecting the nostalgia of the old with the dreams of youth. It is the most profound, powerful and encompassing force in life.’ Two great truths come to mind as I reflect on Kim Phuc’s story and her wonderful book: Firstly, as followers of Jesus Christ, we have at our disposal the most powerful weapon known to humans, the power of Love. As Kim Phuc discovered, God’s love conquers all. It is more powerful than any army, greater that any bomb. And secondly, we can all be remarkable people. In fact, that is what we are supposed to be—not because of any gift, talent or natural ability we have, but because we embrace a life of love. And love is a remarkable thing. God is calling us to be ambassadors of his remarkable love in our own unique circumstances and situations. How much we are willing to embrace this divine call to love will determine how great an impact our lives will have on the world in which we live. Lieutenant-Colonel Stephen Jarvis Assistant Secretary for Personnel 09 MARCH 2019 WarCry 19
Word W ise: Part 4 To The
Song of Songs has been causing embarrassment to Christians for nearly 2000 years! But what’s it really about? BY CARLA LINDSEY
On the face of it, the biblical book Song of Songs is an R16 erotic novel. The book appears to be about sexual love. It seems to have no religious content. So what on earth is it doing it the Bible? And what are Christians supposed to do with it? Scholars agree that it was included in the Old Testament on the basis of the Songs’ connection to King Solomon. The book opens with, ‘Solomon’s Song of Songs’ (1: 1) and has six references to Solomon within it. We don’t know if Solomon actually wrote the book—it could have 20 WarCry 09 MARCH 2019
The Sexiest Book in the Bible
been written by Solomon, dedicated to Solomon, concerning Solomon or in the wisdom tradition of Solomon.
Ancient love poems So we can’t tie down the author, but we are able to tie down the approximate period it was written. There are similarities between Song of Songs and Egyptian love poetry from around 1300–1100BC (a little before Solomon’s time, but pretty close). Just look at this section from an Egyptian love poem: My Love is one alone, without equal, beautiful above all women … Straight neck and white her breast, her tresses gleam like lapis lazuli, Her arms are more precious than gold, her fingers like lotus blossoms … And then look at Song of Songs 5: 10–14:
My beloved is radiant and ruddy, outstanding among ten thousand … His arms are rods of gold set with topaz. His body is like polished ivory decorated with lapis lazuli. The two passages describe their lover in the same style. Daniel J. Estes, in his book Song of Songs, notes that Egyptian love poetry ‘vividly portrays … intoxication with the beauty and charms of one’s beloved, yearning for the lovers presence, love sickness, the overcoming of natural and social obstacles to be together; the joys of physical intimacy … the environments of love they depict similarly abound with perfumes, spices, fruits and flowers, trees and gardens’. It is quite reasonable to presume that the writer of Song of Songs was influenced by Egyptian love poetry. We know there
was contact between the two nations. So, then, we need to find out what the purpose of Egyptian love poetry was in order to get a clue as to what the purpose of Song of Songs was. And the purpose of the Egyptian collections was … entertainment. They have no obvious connections with anything religious. The Egyptian poems simply are what they appear to be. So, what if Song of Songs simply was what it appeared to be? A love poem.
An ‘R30’ love song This thought makes a lot of Christians uncomfortable. But not only Christians. Early Jewish rabbis spoke very strongly against just seeing it as a love song. Rabi Aqiba said, ‘treating it like an ordinary song, has no share in the world to come’, and the Babylonian Talmud says, ‘He who recites a verse of Song of Songs and turns it into a love song … brings evil into the world!’ Early Christian interpreters acknowledged that the literal side of the poem was a problem. Origen (185–254CE), for example, ‘warned that it only be read by those who were deaf to the enticements of physical love’—and were over 30! Early Christian interpreters favoured an allegorical approach, which found a spiritual meaning in the Songs. By taking the book as an allegory, the Songs could be seen as communicating the passionate, intimate love of God for his people. Scriptures such as Ephesians 5: 22–23 and Rev 19: 9, where Christ is the groom and the church the bride, support this idea. Origen wrote 10 volumes on Song of Songs—which were incredibly influential and formed the foundation for how
‘IT IS A RHAPSODY OF LOVE, AN OUTPOURING OF THE FEELINGS OF PEOPLE WHO ARE IN LOVE AND ARE EXPERIENCING IT IN THE FLESH … ’
THE SONGS CELEBRATE SEX AS A GOOD GIFT OF GOD THAT IS TO BE ENJOYED, AND THAT IS SOMETHING BELIEVERS CAN TAKE FROM IT FOR TODAY. it was interpreted for the next 1500 years. It’s important to note that Origen was highly influenced by ascetic and gnostic ideas about the separation of the body and soul. He believed Christians should be free from fleshly concerns, particularly sexuality. He believed this to the point that he had himself castrated!
A literal problem Another influential early interpreter who held similar views was Jerome (331–420CE). Jerome is known to have tried to quell sexual desire by throwing himself into thorn bushes or studying Hebrew! Such was the desire to be free from sexual drives. For those with such strong anti-sex feelings, Song of Songs simply could not be just literal. For them, the allegorical approach which found a deeper spiritual meaning solved this problem. But, the allegorical interpretation has many problems. Usually when the Bible does use allegory, this is made clear to the reader. But nowhere does Song of Songs indicate that it is really about God and his people. Also, allegory means interpretation is left to the individual to interpret. This means it will mean different things to different people. For example, the woman’s breasts (4: 5, 7: 8), have been interpreted as really meaning: Moses and Aaron, Moses and Phineas, Joshua and Eleazar, the Church from which we feed, the Old and New Testaments, the precepts ‘love God and love neighbour’, blood and water, or outer man and inner person! Which one is right? And how would we know which one was right?!
until the enlightenment arrived and brought a desire to question. Around this time, new information was being discovered about ancient cultures and there was a new appreciation of the human body. So, new approaches to the book surfaced. Their intent was to celebrate love. According to Barry G. Webb in Five Festal Garments, the Songs ‘is neither a philosophical treatise about love, nor a sex manual. It is a rhapsody of love, an outpouring of the feelings of people who are in love and are experiencing it in the flesh, with all its attendant pains and pleasures’. In a world which often cheapens sex and where the church has often made sex taboo, the Songs encourages a balanced view. The Songs isn’t about excess or asceticism, rather it joyfully celebrates physical love. The Songs celebrate sex as a good gift of God that is to be enjoyed, and that is something believers can take from it for today. So why is the Songs in the Bible? The inclusion of the Songs reminds us that God is interested in the whole person. Indeed, if the Songs had not been included, the Bible would have a very important area of human experience missing. Sexuality and love are vital parts of what it is to be human, and so it is right that the Bible makes comment on it.
So, is it wrong to take it as an allegory? Not necessarily. If an allegory helps us have a greater realisation of God’s love for us, then that is a good thing. But this was probably not the original author’s intent.
A rhapsody of love Despite its problems, allegorical interpretations of the Songs dominated 09 MARCH 2019 WarCry 21
OFFICIAL ENGAGEMENTS Commissioners Andy (Territorial Commander) and Yvonne Westrupp (Territorial President of Women’s Ministries): March 10: New Zealand Welcome to Cadets, Wellington March 24: Visit to Feilding Corps, Feilding Colonels Suzanne (Chief Secretary) and Melvin Fincham (Secretary for Programme): March 10: New Zealand Welcome to Cadets, Wellington March 24: Welcome to Officers, Midland Division, Hamilton Colonel Heather Rodwell (Territorial Secretary for Women’s Ministries and Spiritual Life Development): March 10: New Zealand Welcome to Cadets, Wellington
PRAY Petone Corps Plant, police chaplains, Porirua Corps,
Porirua District Court services, the Territorial Programme section; The Salvation Army in India (Central Office, Eastern, Northern, South Eastern, South Western and Western Territories).
Want to Know More? I would like: to learn about who Jesus is information about The Salvation Army The Salvation Army to contact me prayer for the following needs:
Name Email Address Phone Send to: warcry@salvationarmy.org.nz or War Cry, PO Box 6015, Marion Square, Wellington 6141 Quiz Answers: 1 Twitter, 2 Mars, the god of war, 3 1940 in San Bernardino, California, 4 An IV drip as there wasn’t enough blood plasma available, 5 The angel Gabriel (Luke 1:30-31).
22 WarCry 09 MARCH 2019
Colouring In!
At this time of year, the leaves start to change colours. Give the scene below your best autumn colours!
Jesus calms the Sea of Galilee—Matthew 8:23–27
Did you ever hear about the time Jesus stopped a wild storm at sea? One day, after he’d been preaching, Jesus told his disciples they were going to sail to the other side of the Sea of Galilee. So off they went! As they headed out to sea, Jesus decided it was time for a snooze (yes Jesus needed to rest too!).
Season-change Maze!
Can you navigate from the green leaf to the orange leaf?
But a fierce storm soon came out of nowhere and lashed the boat with the wind and waves. The disciples, knowing that they were in danger, went and awoke Jesus. (I don’t know how he could sleep through the storm!) ‘Save us! We’re all going to drown!’, they cried to their leader. Jesus said, ‘Why are you afraid? Have you so little faith?’ Then, Jesus got up and told the wind and waves to calm down! The disciples were stunned. ‘What kind of man is this?’ they said. ‘Even the winds and the waves obey him!’ It was now the disciples could see just how powerful Jesus was. Jesus is all-powerful and we can trust him! THINK ABOUT IT …
Sometimes life can feel stormy. But just like Jesus’ friends, we can always talk to him (pray), and trust what he says. 09 MARCH 2019 WarCry 23
Picture a bright blue helium balloon, As it soars high up in the air, Moving with speed—oh so high, Causing folk on the ground to stare. Somebody’s clutching the string below, Look closely—oh gosh—it’s me! … I’ve been clutching it tight for many long years, Keeping my balloon dancing freely in air, And many days—one at a time—I’ve added another, That makes a pair. Now three and four and five and six … To a casual onlooker—what a wonderful sight, Bringing colour and much cheer, But believe you me, to me on the ground, They’ve kept me bound for many a year. Today I made a decision—one extremely profound, No longer can I hold on tight, rooted to this ground. Inside those floating balls of air, harmless though they appear, Are all my hopes and dreams and woes, And very many fears. Today before you Lord, I cut all those tight held strings. And as I watch them leave my hand, I see coloured balls take wings. To float across the earth and sky, completely gone from view, Inside them are my many prayers, Lord, I release them all to you. Just like those soaring helium balloons, with my scissors I snip each string, And ask you now to set me free, To rise only on your wing. By Shirley Johnson