Information Technology Campus Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of
Bachelor of Architecture By
Sameer Vikas Jadhav Exam Seat No. 9138 GUIDE:
Prof. Ritu Deskmukh
Bharati Vidyapeeth College of Architecture Navi Mumbai
Mumbai University 2018 – 2019
Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0) applicable to this work. Please visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/ for details.
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CERTIFICATE This is to certify that the project entitled
“Information Technology Campus” is a bonafide work of
“Sameer Jadhav” Exam Seat No. 9138 submitted to the
Bharati Vidyapeeth College of Architecture, Navi Mumbai in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of the degree of Undergraduate in Bachelor in Architecture.
Prof. Ritu Deshmukh
Prof. Ritu Deshmukh
Principal
Guide
Declaration I declare that this written submission entitled “INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CAMPUS� represents my ideas in my own words and has not been taken from the work of others; and where others' ideas or words have been included, I have adequately cited and referenced the original sources. Direct quotations from books, journal articles, internet sources, other texts, or any other source whatsoever are acknowledged and the source cited are identified in the dissertation references. No material other that the cited and listed has been used. I have read and know the meaning of plagiarism and I understand that plagiarism, collusion and copying are grave and serious offences in the university and accept the consequences should I engage in plagiarism, collusion or copying. I also declare that I have adhered to all principles of academic honesty and integrity and have not misrepresented or fabricated or falsified any idea/data/fact/source in my submission. I understand that any violation of the above will be cause for disciplinary action by the Institute and can evoke penal action from the sources which have thus not been properly cited or from whom proper permission has not been taken when needed. This work, or any part of it, has not been previously submitted by me or any other person for assessment on this or any other course of study.
----------------------------------------(Signature) ----------------------------------------(Name of student) ----------------------------------------(Exam Seat No.)
Date and place:
Design Dissertation Approval for Bachelor of Architecture (B.Arch.)
This dissertation report entitled
Information Technology Campus by
Sameer Vikas Jadhav with Exam seat No. 9138 is approved for the degree of Bachelor of Architecture.
Examiners (Name and Signature)
1.---------------------------------------------
2.--------------------------------------------Date: 01st November, 2018 Place: Navi Mumbai
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The Research that leads to this Dissertation would have not been possible without the due support of my Mentor Prof. Ar. Ritu Deshmukh. I took the courage to pursue this topic with her guidance, knowledge & wisdom, thus I have been able to present this Dissertation. I would like to thank my parents who have always been supportive of me and my choices which helped me tread any paths without fear. I would like to thank my friends Sidhdant Bende, Saahil Joshi, Monit Jain and Shruti Taywade who have always been there for me in this journey. I would like to thank dear Mr. Ranjan Gunjal from Godrej & Boyce Ltd. for taking his valuable time for me in my Case Studies. And I would like to thank Asst. Prof. Pavan Tiwari for guiding me through a structured thought process and set a proper draft for my research. Special mention for Ar. Prachi Maindargi from Vistaar Architects who has helped me deal with critical problems, & guide this topic. Lastly, I express my gratitude towards all of those people who have helped me in many ways whom I cannot mention in this short letter.
INDEX Preliminaries i) Title Page ii) Certificate iii) Declaration iv) Approval Page v) Acknowledgment vi) Table of Contents vii) List of Tables viii) List of Figures, Graphs, Diagrams and Photos
Body of Thesis Abstract Chapter - 1 Introduction 1.1 Background study 1.2 Project Justification 1.3 Aims and Objectives 1.4 Scope, Limitations and Methodology Chapter – 2 Research study 2.1 India & its IT Scenario 2.2 Innovation Spaces 2.3 Building Envelopes in Office Buildings to reduce Energy Impact Chapter – 3 Case Studies (or other methodology adopted to study) 3.1 Case study 1 – Creative Infocity Ltd. 3.2.1 Project explanation / Introduction
3.2.2 Plans, Elevations, Sections and Photos 3.2.3 Analysis 3.2 Case Study 2 – Godrej IT Park 3.3.1 Project explanation / Introduction 3.3.2 Plans, Elevations, Sections and Photos 3.3.3 Analysis 3.3 Comparison of all case studies Chapter – 4 Design Brief and Programme (Detailed area statement)
Chapter – 5 Site 5.1 Site Selection criteria’s and Site Justification 5.2 Site Data (Site plan and section showing all physical features) 5.3 Site Analysis 5.4 Climatic Analysis 5.5 Local Bylaws
Chapter – 6 All Drawings (colour prints of sheets as provided in A3 size) 7.1 Introduction and Project Justification 7.2 Research 7.3 Case Studies 7.3 Site Selection, Site Data and Site Analysis
Reference Bibliography Appendix
List of Tables: 3.3
- Comparative Case Study Analysis
4.0
- Design Programme
List of Figures, Graphs, Diagrams, Photos 2.1
- Times Of India Article, Sunday, Sept 23, 2018 - Workflow for ERP software businesses in India - Largest Startup Ecosystems - Indian Software Services & Export Growth - ITES for BFSI makes up largest export services in India - Supporting factors for Growth of IT Industry in India
2.2
- Language bridge
2.3
- Diffused Lighting - Dendriform Columns inspired by nature - Ceramic Rods - Workers removing Ceramic Rods to prevent Climbers
3.1
- Blowup map of Gandhinagar - Creative Infocity Masterplan - 150 acre campus of Infocity - Section of IT Tower - IT Tower 1-4
3.2
- Blowup map of Mumbai - Godrej IT Park, Vikhroli - Godrej Business District plan - Typical floor plate plan
5.0
- Site Location – Nodal plan of Ulwe - Site official document
- Blowup map of Bamandongri - Site context map - Airport zone - Site photos - Railway Station - NMSEZ Offices on Site - Site Conditions
ABSTRACT This research is focused on the study of Information Technology campuses and the architecture that defines the social structure of the project. This study will help in getting an idea of the evolution of workspaces and what factors are important while defining such a space. Also, the growing trends have been studied to notice the changes in the facilitating spaces that have taken place in this field. The methods involved in depth study of similar Information Technology parks, and Spaces of Innovation which have been changing according to the need of time. This shift in practice & work culture has relation to new generation of people demanding change in their work environments. Companies have found a way to attract & retain talent by making their workspaces more elegant, warm & welcoming. This change has been a move away from the traditional closed office spaces which focused solely on sizing & storage needs. Research on such aspects will help determine the benefits of this new culture, along with its cons. Further, local bylaws help understand the context of the surrounding projects. The findings of the study & the standards for building have been used to create a design programme for the proposed Information Technology Campus. The focus of this research stands on why innovation design matters & finding the right key outcomes to follow as a guide to realize this research.
Chapter – 1: Introduction 1.1 Background Study In the last decade, technology has changed how we live our lives, interact with people, implement our work, etc. At the heart of all of this change is Information Technology which has driven this exponential growth. This integration with people & technology has given rise to new opportunity in the urban sector. There has been a sharp rise in the number of startups, and established companies diversifying their businesses in this InfoTech arena. This need explains the growing number of businesses adopting IT enabled services to expand their business. We have seen a growing number of InfoTech campuses, data centers in the recent years to serve this digital age. But we haven’t witnessed any change or innovation in the architecture of these complexes. Due to this reason we are watching a replication of concepts in all of these implementations. These campuses speak a language which doesn’t correspond to its surrounding and is unwelcoming to a large user group. What remains to be seen is how much can we change without affecting the functionality, security concerns, and convenience by blending its architecture into urban fabric. 1.2 Project Justification An Information Technology campus with centres of innovation for small businesses or startups acts as a great boost for the economy. Incubators and Accelerators have been changing the dynamics of these spaces as these spaces are a playground for ideas to come to reality. The adoption of this idea has been very less compared to the growing need for technology. An inclusive Information Technology campus would be an ideal for business and such projects to become a commonplace. 1.3 Aim & Objective Aim: To realize a socially inclusive Information Technology campus by complementing the Urban context of cities. Objective: 1. To provide a sustainable habitat for the new Information Technology campus.
2. To create open environment that is contextually responsive. 3. To provide efficient working spaces that would encourage communication, interaction and collaboration. 4. To utilize Appropriate Technology in the campus, while keeping urban context, future growth in mind. 1.4 Scope, Limitation & Methodology Scope:
The scope of this project outreaches different programs that might involve diverse professionals to work together.
As a technology park, workshops, training programs that include university students to work with professionals can be encouraged which benefits both the parties.
Public inclusivity in the campus is encouraged through symbiotic relation with the owners & the users.
Limitations
Client requirement may not necessarily match the user requirement which is what the spaces are about.
This research does not address the economical aspects involved with the innovation spaces like Accelerators & Incubators.
Methodology 1. To study the existing architecture of InfoTech campuses in India. 2. To analyze the context of these campuses and the services technology in use. 3. To find a suitable site and environment for this new campus. 4. To create a design programme with comparative analysis of such projects. 5. To analyze the Development Control Regulations for right planning mechanism & avoid pitfalls.
Chapter – 2: Research Study 2.1 India & its IT Scenario Indian IT-BPM (Information Technology – Business Processing Management) is exponentially growing year over year. The Industry continues to experience double digit growth. Rapid transformation in Technology is changing client engagement, resulting in rapid business transfiguration, faster delivery services & increased innovation capabilities across industry practices. Global technology spending is increasing, while the reducing time cycles for upgradation of technological infrastructure is optimistic for Indian IT-BPM industry. This in turn reflects to change driven by the improving global economic climate. In the coming years, India is poised to be one of the most digitized countries in the world. The Government has also boosted the ease of doing business with reform-oriented approach and this has led to streamlined business environment. It has also committed to adopt technology for driving governance & embracing solutions to achieve its developmental objectives. The recent changes from visa regulations to automation in service sector, and adoption of disruptive technologies in operations has had a significant relevance on the future of Indian IT sector. Due to the current development trends, the Indian IT industry needs to evolve to compete with the technological shifts happening in the industry. As a response to this shift, creativity, intellectual property, & delivery of the finished product will be critical for companies. This requires focus on innovation as a foremost priority for leading companies. Thus it puts the latter in a position, where we will likely see significant breakthrough in ideas and applications for the new economy.
rd
(Source: TOI Sunday 23 , Sept ‘18)
Types of IT industry In the context of this study, the Information Technology industry consists of IT Software, IT hardware, and IT Enabled services as defined below: i) IT Software: IT software may refer to programming, instruction set, data, sound & image, including source code capable of providing usability to the user by means of a computer. ii) IT Hardware: IT Hardware includes consumer or enterprise products as directed by the DoT (Dept. of Telecommunication). iii) IT enabled Services (ITES): IT enabled services are the services that rely on IT infrastructure to run an array of services including but not limited to Legal databases, Data processing, Support centres, Payroll, Remote assistance, System services, maintenance & Banking services.
Workflow for Enterprise Resource & Planning software businesses in India
Startups & Economy India has third largest number of start-ups in the world, just behind US & UK on the top two positions. The number of start-ups grew from 4200 in 2015 to 4750 in 2017, and it ranks higher than technologically driven economies like Japan, China, Israel, & Germany. This movement has been fueled with Government efforts like ‘Start-up India, ‘Make in India’ and ‘Digital India’ platforms which subsidize or make easier policies for new companies.
The current growth in Economy added to the growing Internet penetration of the citizens has boosted growth for digital sectors including e-commerce, online businesses, networking apps, media companies, etc. This in turn drives Foreign investments to Indian markets which keeps the competition healthy, sustainable, & innovative. (STPI Annual Report 2016-17)
What is STPI? Software Technology Park of India is an autonomous body under Ministry of Electronics & Information Technology with an objective to implement STP (Software Technology Park), & EHTP (Electronics Hardware Technology Park) schemes, set up and manage infrastructure facilities, and provide other services like technology assessment and professional training.
Indian Software Services & Export Growth (Including ITES/BPM) (STPI Annual Reports 2014-15, 2015-16, 2016-17)
ITES for Banking, Financial Services, & Insurance makes up for the largest export services in India (STPI Annual Report 2016-17)
Supporting factors for Growth of IT Industry in India (STPI Annual Reports 2014-15, 2015-16, 2016-17)
2.2 Innovation Spaces Innovation spaces could simply be defined as spaces
(Grech and Walters 2008)
where innovation takes place. Be it laboratories, studios, workstations or any place designed to invigorate thinking. Innovation spaces are vital for groups invested in technology as they are driving factors to bring disruptive technologies to the market. The key components of these spaces are people and people are the greatest asset to any company or group, for without people nothing has value. The growing trend of open and collaborative spaces to
The language bridge
become workspaces is largely driven by people. The conventional thought of such workplaces to become a common place is a rising phenomenon. This has catalyzed a new form of structure that has helped foster ‘cross-disciplinary’ approach to urban growth & development. (Wagner and Watch April 10, 2017). [i] Traditionally if we see workspaces would be places where people work in traditional hierarchical offices where the focus would be on individual work. Though people who are more likely to driven research in groups are likely to bring innovation, disruption, and also have more chances to have cited in featured works. This only enforces the ideology that two heads are better than one. In terms of workplaces, open collaborative spaces are more likely to bring cross-disciplinary talents together to work on solutions which bring the best of both disciplines. This with the growing trend of field of data analysts, working in tandem with multiple disciplines to incorporate Artificial Intelligence to identify & solve problems shows the potential of people across disciplines working & achieving great potentials. Technology largely supplements existing disciplines with the wheels to drive progress in the speed needed to sustain in today’s competitive environment. The convergence of people from different disciplines to work together has the same idea, to bring perspective to something that is traditionally being viewed only in a single manner. This practice brings a lot the table
[i] April 2017, Innovation Spaces: The new design of work – Julie Wagner & Dan Watch, Brookings Institution
where people tread with a depth to the existing problems which cannot be possible without the right feedback to the subject matter. Time & study has proven how people can make great changes only if they choose to come together & strive to resolve challenges and have a better outcome. It can help address multiple social stigmas which were strengthened with traditional practices & behavior. Innovation spaces bring inclusivity to the workspaces, helps build social networks, strengthens workflow, and brings capital accumulation. This shows us that the aim of Innovation spaces is to help people flourish. (Wagner and Watch April 10, 2017) [ii]
[ii] April 2017, Innovation Spaces: The new design of work – Julie Wagner & Dan Watch, Brookings Institution
2.3 Research Component: Building envelopes in Office buildings to reduce energy impact. This research focuses on the different exoskeleton & façade systems that have been implemented to reduce overall energy impact of a building. As energy is consumed in multiple ways, the major focus of this research is based on those examples that have been innovative to make a structure consume less energy. Minimal energy consumption may be achieved with reduced dependence on HVAC systems, efficient programs with an economical outlook, use of Solar, Wind and renewable energy, and climate responsive planning, etc. The focus majorly remains on saving more of energy with the help of structural systems, and not binding to one single technique or system. SC Johnson Wax research complex Concept: Office as a forest open to sky Frank Lloyd Wright designed the SC Johnson Wax Research/Johnson Wax headquarters in Racine, Wisconsin with Natural Architecture as a concept. It is formally known as the Johnson Wax Administration building – it was completed from 1936 to 1939. It facilitated as the main office for SC Johnson & Son, the American manufacturer of household cleaning supplies. Wright designed the building in his organic architecture style with reference to natural forms. This has been characterised in the main hall office space, which is often described as forestlike. It is known as the Great Room, the double-height space which features treelike dendriform columns that sprout from Pyrex glass created a new kind of skylight that changed the environment of the workspace
nine-inch diameter and widen to create lily-pad shaped concrete tops. The best feature of the space are the
Skylights which are made of pyrex tubing set between the pads to offer a diffused lighting
effect above the canopy. The pyrex extends downwards to the top of the walls to create clerestory windows. The reason why Wright chose skylights (who also illuminated Larkin Administration Building from above) instead of façade was because he wanted to block views of the surroundings.
Dendriform columns (also Lily pad columns) inspired by nature (Photo Credits: Peter Michel, flickr.com)
With the provision of new model office spaces with open-plan (first of its kind) layout, Wright’s design was built using advanced construction techniques. Also a mezzanine level surrounding the office space was designated for the administrators with views to the floor below. Pyrex Glass tubing was also used to create wall dividers inside the building. He personally designed all the furnishings, with red tones that took cues from natural earthy hues. Other features include curved “Cherokee” red brickwork gives the building a new definition, normally different from his straight-edged shapes inspired from Prairie style. (Gibson 2017)[iii] New York Times Building Concept: Filtering the transmission of heat & light with blocking screen Renzo Piano designed the New York Times building for the Newspaper giant in Midtown Manhattan, NYC. It consists of Class A Office spaces & ground floor retail space. It has 52 stories and was built from 2004 to 2007. The building is 746ft. tall, with the curtain wall ending at 819ft. and the mast topping out at 1046ft. It is located at 620 Eighth Avenue between 40th & 41st streets in Times Square.
[iii] June 2017, Eleanor Gibson, Article: Frank Lloyd Wright designed the Johnson Wax offices as a forest open to the sky
Before the employees started occupying the building in mid-2007, the Times’ facility team had approached building scientists at Berkeley Lab’s Environmental Energy Technologies Division (EETD), looking for solutions. They were looking for reliable and affordable technologies, to regulate daylight in the new building which were not yet available in the marketplace. The team had set high goals set for comfort & productivity of the employees who would be working in the new building’s interior spaces for day and night. But they were having trouble finding integrated systems that could manage daylight, glare, and cooling loads for architect Renzo Piano’s forward-thinking design. (Chen 2007) [iv] The design of the building includes an all-glass curtain wall layered with an external open screen, composed of horizontal ceramic rods suspended at 1.5 feet from the façade. The building utilizes water-white windows, exposed steel columns, and accents of red and gold making it a fitting home for 21st century media company. The themes incorporated into the architecture were volume, views, light, and respect for context and relationship to the street to provide a design that is open and inviting. This in substance presents occupants with a sense of the city around them. Renzo Piano’s intention was that to have sunlight streaming into Ceramic Rods helped reduced the heat gain & permitted use of clear glass
the building resulting in more natural lighting, and the transparent façade would allow
passersby to see inside; New Yorkers could see inside their hometown newspaper at work. The fixed array of ceramic rods was intended to assist in regulating solar gain. Renzo Piano felt that exposure was very important. The exposed structural members also serve as essential elements of the design by adding visual interest to the façade and a firm complement to the lightness of the ceramic rods.
[iv] October 2007, Allen Chen, Article: Back to The Times - Revisiting The New York Times Headquarters Building Upon Its Completion
Another key design feature is the idea of the building to appear lighter and more transparent as the skyscraper moves upward toward the sky. This gives the effect of the building disappearing into the sky. Renzo Piano accomplishes this by reducing structural member size as the building moves upward. This is also fulfilled by increasing the spacing of the ceramic tubes that act as the sun screen. The last effect is taking the ceramic tubes approximately 75ft. above the 52nd and final floor. This enhances the effect of the building disappearing into the sky as well as hiding some mechanical equipment located on the roof. Meanwhile at the Berkeley Lab, scientists used the Radiance daylight simulation program to perform simulations of the interior spaces, created realistic renderings of inside light levels under different Workers removing the ceramic rods at NYT building after a third climber used it as ladder-like rungs (Photo credits: David W. Dunlap/New York Times)
day and night conditions. They provided the resulting data to manufacturers to help them finetune their control systems design.
Consultants to The Times used EnergyPlus building simulation software to evaluate the demand-response potential of individual systems, seeking to join the heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC). (Chen 2007) [v] The Times building’s final system consists of mechanical shades controlled by electrical motors, six shades per motor. A network of photo-sensors continuously measures the lighting levels, and a computer decides when to raise the shades to let in more light or lower them to reduce glare from too much sunlight. The lighting system also incorporates innovations which are unusual for a large commercial structure. The fluorescent office lighting is dimmable, when Dimmable fluorescent systems are expensive. The Times was able to negotiate pricing appropriate to their budget – and in the process drove down the prices of these systems in the larger marketplace. Each lighting fixture can be controlled separately by computer through the ‘direct addressable lighting interface’ (DALI) protocol, the lighting control industry standard. (Chen 2007) [vi] [v], [vi] October 2007, Allen Chen, Article: Back to The Times - Revisiting The New York Times Headquarters Building Upon Its Completion
Interior Architect Gensler worked with collaboration with The New York Times Company, Renzo Piano Building Workshop and FXFOWLE to create a functional, aesthetic, sustainable and progressive interior environment that would be well integrated into the building design. By being included in design meetings with the architects, Gensler was able to optimize the interiors as well as the core and shell architecture. One main goal was having an open and flexible workspace. By consulting with the architects Gensler was able to create a unique continuity of interior-exterior design, flowing seamlessly from the public spaces to the office floors. There is a four storey pedestal that contains retail space along with a cultural center and performance space. There is also an open air, 4 storey tall birch birch garden containing seven 50ft. tall paper birch trees. Conclusion: Well planned Building envelope address numerous factors from building an identity for the structure to speaking the views of the habitat. This shows that facades are not just a protective shield for the building but also a matter of statement, & symbol of architecture. Innovative facades have always invigorated thought, & curiosity of the viewer. The utter simplicity behind the idea along with the workmanship are key factors for a faรงade that is innovative and right for the environment. Also, the amount of detail it exhibits has a quite astonishing factor which makes facades very interesting in the first place. Along with aesthetics, facades help reduce heat gain, provide diffused lighting, & can play a variety of functions based on the design of the faรงade. This proves that Building envelopes play a lot bigger role than just enclosing the habitat and give a lot of room for improvement.
Chapter – 3: Case Studies 3.1 Creative Infocity Ltd. Infocity is a mixed-use development project located near Indroda Circle, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India. Infocity was built as an IT & ITeS Hub for providing infrastructure to IT, BPO, KPO, Software Development & other ITeS companies. It was designed by Global Architects and developed by Creative Choice Inc., USA & the Govt. of Gujarat. Infocity was built as a part of Gujarat International Finance Tec-City (GIFT) in Gandhinagar under the SEZ for social and economical development of the State.
Infocity Masterplan
The vision to create Infocity was to create a mini-city with all the necessary facilities and amenities for the people. So a mixed use development was proposed over a 150 acre area and development was planned in phases. This included IT Buildings, Residential Units, Malls, amenities, retail outlets, etc. The project was started on October 21st, 2000 for Phase 1 of development. The total employment capacity at Infocity is designed for 25000 employees. The facilities included into the site are Dining, Recreation, Wellness & Retail outlets, Lifestyle facilities, and Educational facilities. The residential facilities include 300+ flats, studio apartments, and bunglows. The total mixed-use corporate space is 2.5 million sq.ft., and the commercial space is 0.5 million sq.ft. Accessibility: Located on National Highway no.8 which connects to New Delhi & Mumbai. 10-15 minutes driving distance from Ahmedabad International Airport. Climate: Gandhinagar has Hot & Dry Climate. Location: On the outskirts of Gandhinagar City
150 acre land which includes the InfoCity Campus, NID Campus & Business Institute
Buildings: The campus currently has four IT towers as a part of Phase 1 development. It houses Modular layout for Office Space, with Scalable Office Infrastructure having 2785 sq.m. of floor area on single storey. Exploded view
The buildings have Earthquake Resistant Infrastructure & are supported by 24x7 electrical supply from Torrent Power. Infrastructure:
Modular Floor Layout for Office Space
Scalable Office Infrastructure (2787sq.m. – single floor plate)
Earthquake Resistant Infrastructure
Electricity by Torrent Power
Security – Access control & Electronic Surveillance
Large Capacity, High-speed passenger & service lifts
Amenities – Food courts, Banks & ATMs, Retail outlets, Business center, etc.
Ample Parking Space
Landscaped area comprising of lawns, water bodies, and gardens
Exploded view of IT tower
Current IT Space: IT Tower 1: 24,628 sq.m. IT Tower 2: 13,940 sq.m. IT Tower 3: 16,263 sq.m. IT Tower 4: 18,587 sq.m. Section of Typical IT Tower
Other Facilities include: Residential – 2BHK, 3BHK, Studio Apts. & Bunglows 2 Malls - 18,587 sq.m. area each Amenities include: IT Tower 1
IT Tower 2
IT Tower 3
IT Tower 4
Accomodation
Conference Facilities
Banquets
Business centers
Swimming pool
Gymnasium
Tennis court
Wellness center & Spa
Banks & ATMs
3.2 Godrej IT Park
Godrej Business District is located on L.B.S. Marg, Vikhroli, Mumbai and is a part of the larger Godrej Township. The Township consists of Factories, Refurbished Offices, Showroom, Hospital, Residential facilities & new Godrej Business District building. The Godrej IT Park is a new construction built in 2004 among the existing plant buildings on the site. The plant buildings are leased to multiple companies and they have their own facilities inside including separate parking. Many of these facilities are Refurbished Office Spaces after plant buildings were shut down.
Godrej IT Park, Godrej Business District, Vikhroli (Photo Credits – Godrej InfoTech Ltd.)
Godrej has their Information Technology building inside the campus. The company was started in 1971 as Godrej & Boyce software division. Godrej InfoTech Ltd. was founded in
1999 as a software services & consulting company, and now it implements Enterprise Resource & Planning, & Payroll Services. Accessibility: By rail -1.5 kms from Vikhroli Railway Stn. 2kms from Ghatkopar Railway Stn. By road – From LBS Marg, 0.2 kms from Vikhroli Bus Depot By Air: 12 kms from Domestic Airport 10 kms from International Airport By Metro: 2 kms from Ghatkopar Metro Terminus Climate: Warm & Humid climate Location:
Godrej Business District – 99 Acres – is a part of the greater Godrej Township
Building: It has a total built-up area of 113,112 sq.m. with three interconnected blocks. No of floors - G + 2 podiums + 6 lvls. of Office Space Average Floor size - 4,647 sq.m. Floor Scalability - Vertical – 13,490 sq.m., Horizontal – 27,881 sq.m. Blocks: Three interconnected blocks viz. A, B, C Car Parking: Stilts, Podiums, & Offstreet parking Structural Details: RCC framed Structure – 11.4m x 9.1m grid Floor height – 4.2m Elevators – 18 nos. Passenger Elevator (6 per block) 3 Service Elevator (1 nos. per service core) Floor Loading Capacity – Typical Areas 400 kg/sq.m. Critical Area – 1000 kg/sq.m.
Typical Floor Plate
3.3 Comparative Analysis of Case Studies Type
Case Study 1
Case Study 2
(commercial)
Creative Infocity Ltd.
Godrej IT Park
Project type
Mixed-use Development
I.T. Park
Plot size
150 acres
99.81 acres
Builtup Area
232,257.5 sq.m.
130,064.2 sq.m.
Floor Area
2787.09 sq.m.
13,935 sq.m.
Floor-to-Floor
4.2m
4.2m
25,000
8400
Occupant load
275/floor
1400/floor
Structural System
RCC Framed Structure
RCC Framed, Column Grid 11.4m x
height Employee population
9.1m Blocks
2 per IT building(x4)
3 areas
Service core
1 per block
1 per block (1 service elevator)
Elevator
2 per block
6 per block (total 18 passenger elevators)
Basement/Podium
1 level basement
G+2 podium parking
Offstreet parking
-
Available
Power backup
Diesel Generator
Diesel Generator
Air Conditioning
Split Air Conditioning
VRV system
Chapter – 4: Design Programme This brief focuses on the standard requirements for a conventional InfoTech campus. Sr.No
Name of Space
Space Requirement
Remark/ Standard s
Occupant Area Area (X x Nos. Total Area s (X) Sq.m/occu Y) sq.m. (P) Sq.m (P x(X pant (Y) x Y)) OFFICE BLOCK Reception & Waiting Area Admin. & H.R. Block Customer Support Seminar/Conference Room Training Block
40-50
250
1
250
20 20 50
250 125 70
1 1
250 125
100
1.4sqm/per son 1.4sqm/per son
NBC
140
NBC
Toilets Server & UPS Room First Aid Large Workstation
200
Medium Open-office
100
Small Office
50
Director Room Facility Manager Dept. managers HRD manager Meeting Room Meeting Room Back Office Pantry AMENITY SPACES Library Banquet hall Kitchen & Storage Multipurpose hall LEISURE SPACES Gym Fitness Club & Pool Changing Rooms Toilets
1 1 1 1 6 12 12 2-4
25 12 12 12 15 30 50 12-15
1 1
25 12
1
12
1 1
50 12-15
50 80
500 400 50 250
1 1 1 1
500 400 50 250
100 20 20 1
10sqm/pers on 10sqm/pers on 10sqm/pers on
30-40 12 2000
1 1
40 12 NBC
1000
NBC
500
NBC
1 1
PUBLIC SPACES Cafeteria Food Court/Canteen ATM/Bank Restaurant Retail/Stationary SERVICES & PARKING B.M.S. Facility Fire Fighting Mgmt. Generator Room S.T.P. Pump Room Security Cabin Chiller Plant
20-30 40 12-20 30-40 8-10
1 1 1 1 1
4 2
1
4 2
1 1 1 2 1
Chapter – 5: Site Selection
Site Location -- Nodal plan of Ulwe
Site Location: Sector 7, Near Bamandongari Railway Stn., Ulwe Node Area: 10.94 hectares (27.03 acres) DCR: Navi Mumbai Airport Notified Area (NAINA) Landuse: SEZ Authority: NMSEZ (Private entity)
Document regarding the Special Economic Zone land of Sector 7, in Ulwe for IT/ITES purposes
Site Analysis:
Bamandongri, Ulwe, Navi Mumbai
Accessibility: 15 mins walk or 5 mins drive from Bamandongri Railway Station. 34 mins drive from Vashi, 36 mins drive from Panvel. 1hr, 20mins from Mumbai International Airport, 30 mins from upcoming Navi Mumbai Airport Climate: Warm & Humid Precipitation: 2000 -5000mm from months June – September Soil type & preferred foundation: Clay soil Pile foundation mostly used for other projects in the context.
Site Context – Nearby Railway Station, & Link to the nearest Highway
Airport zone – 10 kms radius Site exists at approx. 7.15kms from Navi Mumbai Airport
Photos of Site
Nearby Bamandongri Railway Stn – 5 min. walk
NMSEZ Offices on the Site
Context – Residential Complexes & Gaothans
Site Conditions - Stream running through Site periphery
BYLAWS FOR SITE AT ULWE, SECTOR 7 [Applicable ByLaws for the Site: Sanctioned NAINA IDP DCPRs 2017] 1. Occupancy/ User Group: "Business Buildings" means any building or part of building, which is used for transaction of business for the keeping of accounts and records for similar purposes; offices, banks, professional establishments, I.T. establishments, call centre, offices for private entrepreneurs, court houses, libraries shall be classified in this group in so far as principal function of these is transaction of public business and the keeping of books and records. 2. Area Requirement: One, contiguous, unbroken and uninterrupted and in any case shall not be less than 7.5 ha, at one place which shall not include the area under forest, water bodies like river, creek, canal, highway, railway, reservoir, lands falling within the belt of 500 m from the HFL of major lakes, dams and its surrounding restricted area, wildlife sanctuaries, and eco-sensitive zone/ area and shall derive access from 20 m wide existing or proposed IDP road. 3. Planning of Land retained by Developer: i) Area of NAINA Scheme – 10 hectares ii) Area retained by Developer – 6 hectares iii) Total amenity area @ 5% sq.m. – 3000sq.m. 4. Permissible FSI Scheme outside Urban Village on the land retained by owner – 1.7 where the scheme is equal to or more than 10 hectares and less than or equal to 25 hectares. 5. Recreational Open Spaces In any layout or subdivision or any development of land for any use/zone admeasuring 0.40 ha or more after deducting IDP road and reservation area, if any, 10% of the entire holding area shall be reserved as recreational open space which shall as far as possible be provided in one place. In case of land admeasuring more than 0.8 hectares recreational open space may be allowed to be left at different locations in the same layout. 6. Minimum Setback for any road including National/State Highway, M.D.R./O.D.R., and roads with width above 15m – 4.5m setback, and below 15m width – 3m setback. Setback for front open spaces greater than 15m – 6m, >24m – 9m, >37.5m – 12m 7. Open Spaces & Road Width For Business Buildings,
Minimum Road width should be 12m Open space on Front – 4.5m Open space on all side – 3m 8. Parking Spaces For Business Buildings – One car parking space for every 30 sq.m. of floor area upto 1500 sq.m. and for every 60 sq.m. of additional space for areas exceeding 1500 sq.mt. of floor area. Minimum Size of Parking Area Sr. No.
Type of Vehicle
Size of Parking/Area of parking space
a)
Car
2.5m x 5m
b)
Scooter, Motor cycle
1m x 2m
c)
Bicycle
0.5m x 1.4m
d)
Transport Vehicle
3.75m x 7.5m
Note:
In the case of parking spaces for car , upto 50 percent of the prescribed space may be of the size of 2.3 m. X 4.5 m.
In case of parking spaces provided in basements, at least two separate ramps of adequate width and slope for entry and exit shall be provided preferably at opposite ends. 9. Septic Tank – According to N.B.C. 2005 10. Tree Plantation In case of Recreational open spaces trees shall be planted at the rate of 5 trees per 100 sq.m.or part thereof. 11. Arrangement of Exits Type of Building: Business Minimum Travel Distance: 30m 12. Occupant Load Group of Occupancy: Business Occupant Load Gross Area: 10 sq. m. /person 13. Fire Escape – 16 risers per flight max. 14. Ramps – 1:10 or less slope 15. Fire Lift – 8 person capacity 16. Refuge Area – If height >24m, area of 15sq.m. or 0.3sq.m. for occupants of two consecutive floor, whichever is higher
17. Fire Protection – As per Part IV – N.B.C. 2005 18. Permissible Land Use An IT Park/Back Office should abut: a) Interim Development Plan road min. 20m wide or layout min. 12m wide for: i) Predominantly Residential ii) Growth Center Restoration iii) Mixed Use b) Interim Development Plan road min. 20m wide or layout min. 12m wide for i) Urban Village, Independent Building/should have separate access if same building. 19. Special Provisions for Physically Handicapped a) Ramps i) Should have minimum width 1.8m ii) Minimum gradient slope of 1:12 iii) Should not be longer than 9m on single flight iv) handrail should be 0.8m high extending 0.3m in lengths at top & bottom. v) with minimum gap of 50mm to the wall. b) 1.8m x 2m entrance landing adjacent to ramp with flooring materials for visually impaired. c) For corridors connecting to entrances/exits, i) should have min. width 1.5m ii) and ramp with 1:12 slope. d) For Stairway, i) Minimum width should be 1.35m ii) 150mm x300mm Standard for steps iii) not more than 12 risers per flight iv) handrail extends 0.3m in length at top & bottom e) Lifts Lifts should be for 13 people capacity with internal width of 2m x 1.1m and a min. door width of 0.9m. f) There should be one special W.C. for physically handicapped with, i) Minimum size – 1.5m x 1.75m ii) Door width – 0.9m with outswing iii) W.C. seat – 0.5m from the floor
References: 1) http://www.theinfocity.in/ 2) http://www.godrejinfotech.com/index.aspx 3) https://www.brookings.edu/wpcontent/uploads/2017/04/cs_20170404_innovation_spaces_pdf.pdf 4) http://www2.lbl.gov/Science-Articles/Archive/sabl/2007/Oct/nytimes.html 5) https://www.engr.psu.edu/ae/thesis/BIM%202009%20%202010/IPD%20BIM%20Thesis/stats.html 6) https://www.dezeen.com/2017/06/14/frank-lloyd-wright-johnson-wax-administrationbuilding-headquarters-racine-wisconsin-open-plan-office/ 7) https://www.stpi.in/11026 8) https://www.designcouncil.org.uk/sites/default/files/asset/document/inclusion-bydesign.pdf 9) https://facadesconfidential.blogspot.com/2010/12/thyssenkrupp-quarter-facadesgiants.html 10) http://sezindia.nic.in/upload/uploadfiles/files/SO1116ENotificationdated8thMay2008.pdf
Bibliography: 1) Chen, Allen. Back to the Times - Revisiting the New York Times Headquarters Building upon its completion. New York City, October 4, 2007. 2) Gibson, Eleanor. Frank Lloyd Wright designed the Johnson Wax offices as a forest open to the sky. Racine, June 14, 2017. 3) Grech, Chris, and David Walters. Future Office: Design, Practice & Applied Research. Routlege - Taylor & Francis Group, 2008. 4) Wagner, Julie, and Dan Watch. Innovation Spaces: The new design of Work. Research, The Brookings Institute, April 10, 2017.
Proposed IT Park at Sector 7, Ulwe -- Design Programme
Name of Space OFFICE BUILDING Reception & Waiting Area/Lobby Admin. & H.R. Block Janitor's Room First Aid Data Center Manager Maintenance/Repair AV Room Conference Room A Data Center Toilets Battery & UPS Room Workstation/floor Manager Room Facility Manager Conference Room B Meeting Room C Pantry AMENITY SPACES Library Banquet hall Kitchen & Storage LEISURE SPACES
Category for Lighting Space Requirement conditions Area per Total Area Occupants Room Sq.m
LPD (W/sq.m.) Table 6-4 (ECBC 2017 standard)
40-50 20
Total LPD
2324 1 1 12 10 2-4
185 59.55 3.9 3.9 18.64 52.67 96.58 28.98 777.69 38.17 26.27 2103.75 28.98 34.8 22.04 19.11 43.8
370 59.55 31.2 3.9 18.64 52.67 193.16 463.68 777.69 305.36 210.16 15603 550.62 34.8 176.32 94.63 306.6
Lobby Enclosed Storage Storage Enclosed Service/ Repair Classroom/ Lecture Conference/ Meeting Electrical/ Mechanical Restroom Electrical/ Mechanical Open Plan Enclosed Enclosed Conference/ Meeting Conference/ Meeting For food preparation
9 10 6.8 6.8 10 6.8 13.7 11.5 7.1 7.7 7.1 10 10 10 11.5 11.5 12.1
3330 595.5 212.16 26.52 186.4 358.156 2646.292 5332.32 5521.599 2351.272 1492.136 156030 5506.2 348 2027.68 1088.245 3709.86
10 250 14
26.1 379.15 85
78.3 379.15 85
Stacks/ Reading Area Hotel Dining For food preparation
18.3/ 10 9.1 12.1
783 3450.265 1028.5
13.7
2915.086
4.6 9.1 9.1 7.7
653.2 77.259 629.538 136.829
1 242 18
Gym
57
212.78
212.78
Spa & Sauna Changing Rooms Salon Toilets PUBLIC SPACES Coffee House Restaurant
46
141.71 1.27 69.18 1.81
142 8.49 69.18 17.77
Fitness AreaGymnasium Seating AreaGymnasium Dressing Room Dressing Room Restroom
44 78
102.18 129.91
102.18 129.91
For Family dining For Family dining
10.9 10.9
1113.762 1416.019
12 2
34.8 66.93 — —
34.8 121.27
Service/ Repair Service/ Repair Service/ Repair Service/ Repair
6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8
236.64 824.636 — —
35.15
140.6
Service/ Repair
6.8
956.08
24 —
24
Service/ Repair Service/ Repair
6.8 6.8
163.2 —
SERVICES & PARKING B.M.S. Facility Fire Pump Room Generator (no Room) S.T.P. (ext facility) Chiller Room (basement) Fire Command Centre w/Surveillance Ext Chiller Plant
60
4 2
Sameer Jadhav | 5th Year B.Arch (C) | Design Dissertation | B.V.C.O.A.
Proposed IT Park at Sector 7, Ulwe – A.R.D. Calculations
SITE INFORMATION FOR SERVICES Plot area- 10.94 hectares (27acres) Usable Plot area – 80,461sqm (19.88 acres) FSI available – 1.4 Total Built-up area available – 112,645sqm Total Workstation Area – 29,696 sqm @ 3,712 sqm/floor x 8 floors INDEX: -
Water Calculations Rain Water Harvesting HVAC Calculations Parking Calculations Solar Calculations Waste Water Calculations ICT Requirements Fire Control Room & Pressurization system Data Center Cooling
Sameer Jadhav | 5th Yr. B.Arch (C) | Architectural Representation & Detailing | B.V.C.O.A.
Proposed IT Park at Sector 7, Ulwe – A.R.D. Calculations
WATER CALCULATIONS
Users Sr. Description of No. Space 1 Office Building
Occupant type Employees Trainees Staff Watchmen
2 Amenities Block i Cafeteria ii Restaurant iii Kitchen Staff
iv v vi vii viii viii
Customer Customer Chef Waiter Helper Banquet Hall Visitors Gym Users Reception/Office Staff Salon Users Staff Spa Users Staff Swimming Pool Users Staff
3 Sports Block i Badminton ii iii iv v vi vii viii
Players Visitors Squash Players Billiards Players Darts Players Basketball Players Tennis Players Cricket practice Players Reception/Office Staff
N.B.C. Standards Domestic No. of + Occupants Domestic Flushing Flushing
Total Water Requirement (Litres)
2324 242 56 2
25 lphd 25 lphd 25 lphd 25 lphd
20 lphd 20 lphd 20 lphd 20 lphd
45 45 45 45
104580 10890 2520 90 118080
44 78 7 6 1 250 57 4 60 6 40 6 40 2
55L/seat 55L/seat 25 lphd 25 lphd 25 lphd 5 lphd 25 lphd 25 lphd 25 lphd 25 lphd 25 lphd 25 lphd 25 lphd 25 lphd
15L/seat 15L/seat 20 lphd 20 lphd 20 lphd 10 lphd 20 lphd 20 lphd 20 lphd 20 lphd 20 lphd 20 lphd 20 lphd 20 lphd
70 70 45 45 45 15 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45
3080 5460 315 270 45 3750 2565 180 2700 270 1800 270 1800 90 22595
16 66 8 12 12 24 8 8 5
25 lphd 5 lphd 25 lphd 25 lphd 25 lphd 25 lphd 25 lphd 25 lphd 25 lphd
20 lphd 10 lphd 20 lphd 20 lphd 20 lphd 20 lphd 20 lphd 20 lphd 20 lphd
45 15 45 45 45 45 45 45 45
720 990 360 540 540 1080 360 360 225 5175
Sameer Jadhav | 5th Yr. B.Arch (C) | Architectural Representation & Detailing | B.V.C.O.A.
Proposed IT Park at Sector 7, Ulwe – A.R.D. Calculations
Total water requirement for Office Building
= 118,080 Ltrs/day
OHT - ½ day capacity = 118,080 x ½ (OHT tank sizes as per design)
= 59,040 Ltrs. = 8M x 8M x 0.9M
UGT – 1 ½ day capacity = 118,080 x 1½
= 117,120 Ltrs. = 8.5M x 4.6M x 3M
Total Volume of Water for Amenities Block
= 22,595 Ltrs/day
UGT – 1 ½ day capacity = 22.6cu.m. x 1.5
= 33.9 cu.m. = 4M x 5.67M x 1.5M
Total Volume of Water for Sports Arena
= 5,175 Ltrs/day
UGT – 1 ½ day capacity = 5.175 cu.m. x 1.5
= 7.7625 cu.m. = 2.4M x 2.17M x 1.5M
Sameer Jadhav | 5th Yr. B.Arch (C) | Architectural Representation & Detailing | B.V.C.O.A.
Proposed IT Park at Sector 7, Ulwe – A.R.D. Calculations
RAIN WATER HARVESTING Annual Rainfall
= 2000-2500mm
Roof Catchment Area
= 7424 sq.m.
Run off coefficient
= 0.75
Total Water Harvested
= 7424 x 2 x 0.75 = 11,136 cu.m.
Dry days Per day collection
= 240 = 11,136/240 = 89.88 cu.m.
Tank capacity to be provided for 1.5 days So total capacity required = 89.88 x 1.5 =134.82 cu.m. Water body shown in landscape for RWH purposes
Sameer Jadhav | 5th Yr. B.Arch (C) | Architectural Representation & Detailing | B.V.C.O.A.
Proposed IT Park at Sector 7, Ulwe – A.R.D. Calculations
HVAC CALCULATIONS Total area of the floor = 29,696 sq.m Total volume of the floor = 97,996.8 cu.m i.e. total volume = 3,460,267 cu.ft [a] 3,460,267 cu.ft x 6 [b] 150 x 2624 occupants
= 20,761,602 = 393,600
20,761,602 + 393,600 = 21,155,202 ∴ Tonnage = 21,155,202/12000 btuh = 1762,93 Total tonnage = 1762.93 x 1 floors = 1763 tonnes (8 floors already calculated in the total area of the floor) AHU Capacity Required = 1763 x 400cfm = 881,500 cfm Single AHU Capacity = 7,500cfm Total AHU Units required= 881,500/7,500cfm = 117.53 units ≈ 118 units Computer Room Air Conditioning (CRAC) Calculations (for Data Center): A typical data center also has a cooling density (heat load) of 50 W to 150 W per sq. ft. Total area of the floor
= 777.69 sq.m. (8367.94 sq.ft)
Cooling Capacity at the low end = 50W x 8367.94 sq.ft. x 3.412/12,000 btuh = 118 tonnes Cooling Capacity at the high end = 150W x 8367.94 sq.ft. x 3.412/12,000 btuh = 354 tonnes Units provided = Seven (under max. optimization)
Sameer Jadhav | 5th Yr. B.Arch (C) | Architectural Representation & Detailing | B.V.C.O.A.
Proposed IT Park at Sector 7, Ulwe – A.R.D. Calculations
PARKING CALCULATIONS (according to NBC Section (3) – Annex A) Population of Ulwe : Between 50,000 – 200,000 Occupancy : Business offices and firms for private businesses So, the criteria for parking would be; One car parking space for every 200 sq.m. area or fraction thereof. Floor plate area = 3712 sq.m. Number of floors = 8 Total Floor area = 29,696 sq.m. Total amount of parking required
= 29,696/200 = 148.48 ~ 149 car parking
Amount of car parking provided parking
= 194 basement parking + 97 off street = 291 cars
Off street Bike parking provided
= 154 bikes
Sameer Jadhav | 5th Yr. B.Arch (C) | Architectural Representation & Detailing | B.V.C.O.A.
Proposed IT Park at Sector 7, Ulwe – A.R.D. Calculations
SOLAR ENERGY CALCULATION Site Coordinates: Latitude : 18.89° Longitude : 72.97° Area (40% of terrace) is generally considered for Solar Panel placement. Total area of terrace = 2969.6 m² Panel info: Panel Build – Area of one panel No. of panels to be used on site Power rated per panel Weight per panel
Green Brilliance GB54P6-185 = 1.44m² = 1260 panels (630 per building)
= 185Watts = 17kg
No. of panels x Efficiency of one panel Estimated Amount of Energy Generated
= 1260 x 185 watts = 233,100 Watts = 233.1 kW
Sameer Jadhav | 5th Yr. B.Arch (C) | Architectural Representation & Detailing | B.V.C.O.A.
Proposed IT Park at Sector 7, Ulwe – A.R.D. Calculations
WASTE WATER TREATMENT CALCULATION (AEROBIC PROCESS) Plant Capacity: Average water supply per day = 145,850 liters = 0.145mld Average sewage generated per day = 85% of supplied water = 0.85 × 0.145 = 0.123 = 123.97 kld Average sewage generated per hour = 123.97/24 = 5.165 cum/hr Peak factor = 3 Design flow capacity (maximum) = 5.165 × 3 = 15.496 cum/hr (where mld – Million liter per day; kld – Kilo liter per day) Sizing calculation for collection pit: Retention time required = 4h Average design flow = 5.17 cum/hr Capacity of collection sump = 4 × 5.17 = 20.66 cum Assume liquid depth = 4m Area required for collection pits = 20.66/4 = 5.165 sqm For circular tank, 5.165 = πr² = 1.283m Volume of pit provided = πr²h = 5.165 × 4 = 20.66 m³ Sizing calculation of bar screen: Peak discharge = 15.5 m³/hr Average discharge = 5.17 m³/hr Average velocity @ average flow isn’t allowed to exceed 0.8m/sec Average spacing between bar 20mm The velocity = 0.3 × 20.66 = 6.2 m/h/m² Cross sectional area required = flow/velocity = 15.5/6.2 = 2.5 m² Liquid depth required = 1m Velocity through screen at the peak flow = 1.6 m/sec Clear area = 2.5/1.6 = 1.5625 m.sec No. of clear spacing = 1.5625/0.02m = 78.125 Width of channel = (78.13 × 20) + (78.13 × 6) Sameer Jadhav | 5th Yr. B.Arch (C) | Architectural Representation & Detailing | B.V.C.O.A.
Proposed IT Park at Sector 7, Ulwe – A.R.D. Calculations
Width of screen
= 2032mm = 2030mm
Sizing calculation of aeration tank: Bod in the feed sewage = 100ppm No. of aeration tank =2 Average flow = 124/2 = 62kld Total bod load to the aeration tank = 5.17 × 24 × 100 = 12.4 kgs Let mlss = 2000 mg/l; f/m = 0.15 Volume of tank required = (Q × bod load) / (f/m × mlss) = (62 × 100) / (0.15 × 2000) = 20.66 m³ Assume liquid depth =4m Area = 20.66/4 = 5.17 m² Tank size provided = 2.59 × 2 × 4 So, Volume of tank = 20.8 m³ Check for aeration period/hydraulic retention time: Hydraulic retention time, t = 20.8 × 24 / 62 = 8.05hr So, the tank retention time is more than the required time. Excessive sludge will be drained to municipal waste Maximum design flow rate = 15.5 m³/hr, 124 kld Total feed suspended solid = 250ppm Total outlet suspended solid = 50ppm Load to the clarifier = 250 – 50 = 200ppm Sludge generated per day = 124 × 200 / 1000 = 24.8 kg/day Solid content in the feed = 3% Specific gravity of the sludge = 1.015 Volume of sludge = ((24.8/0.03)/(1000/1.0.15)) = 0.839 m³
Sameer Jadhav | 5th Yr. B.Arch (C) | Architectural Representation & Detailing | B.V.C.O.A.
Proposed IT Park at Sector 7, Ulwe – A.R.D. Calculations
Sewage Treatment Process: Incoming Sewer
Pre-Treatment Works
Primary Sedimentation
Biological Treatment (MBBR)
Sludge Treatment
Final Sedimentation Sludge Disposal Tertiary Treatment
Final Effluent
Receiving Water
Sameer Jadhav | 5th Yr. B.Arch (C) | Architectural Representation & Detailing | B.V.C.O.A.
Proposed IT Park at Sector 7, Ulwe – A.R.D. Calculations
Information & Technology (ICT) campus requirements (by NBC 2016, Part 8/Section 6: ICT) Entrance Facilities (EF) [3.1.4] - Access protected - for Telecom Services Provider - An interface for External & Internal cabling network - Space of 1.2M x 1.83M for each services provider. Equipment Room Criteria (ER) [3.1.2] - Environmentally controlled - ER serves building, campus, tenant or Service Provider - General Practice – 0.07 sqm space of ER every 10 sqm of space - min. recommended size for ER is 14 sqm. - Distribution mechanism – Cable tray for horizontal distribution – Conduit sleeves for vertical trunk distribution Telecommunications Room (TR) [3.1.3] - If serving length exceeds 90m, additional TR required. Similarly, additional TR required if floor space exceeds 930 sqm. - TR serve floor area of a building - For workspace for area, for equal or <465 sqm = 3M x 2.4M of TR - If workspace area, >465sqm to equal or <930 sqm = 3M x 3.4M of TR Telecom Enclosures (TE) [3.1.5] - To be provided on a floor if no TR is provided
Sameer Jadhav | 5th Yr. B.Arch (C) | Architectural Representation & Detailing | B.V.C.O.A.
Proposed IT Park at Sector 7, Ulwe â&#x20AC;&#x201C; A.R.D. Calculations
Fire Command Center (According to NBC 2016) [3.4.12] Fire command centre shall be on the entrance floor of the building having direct access. The control room shall have the main fire alarm panel with communication system (suitable public address system) to aid floors and facilities for receiving the message from different floors. All controls and monitoring of fire alarm systems, pressurization systems, smoke management systems shall happen from this room. Monitoring of integrated building management systems, CCTVs or any other critical parameters in building may also be from the same room. Pressurization System Pressurization systems are employed in stairwells, elevator shafts, refuge spaces & other egress routes to control smoke movement across a barrier. By implementing in an area designed for safe exit, they maintain a high pressure against the area exposed to fire. This prevents smoke infiltration through cracks, joints, slits, etc in the egress area thus protecting them for a safe discharge of people. Pressurization Systems work in contrast with Exhaust & dilution systems. VFD (Variable Frequency Drive) is a modern development in Pressurization Systems which regulates the pressure (by altering the fan speed i.e. RPM) in the stairwell my measuring pressure differences between occupied areas & pressurized stairwell. [Single injection pressurization method used in an open-well staircase]
Sameer Jadhav | 5th Yr. B.Arch (C) | Architectural Representation & Detailing | B.V.C.O.A.
Proposed IT Park at Sector 7, Ulwe â&#x20AC;&#x201C; A.R.D. Calculations
Estimated power requirements for Data Center A convenient measure of the data center power density is watts per square feet (WPSF) of floor area. Current industry practices estimate power requirements at an average of 50 to 150 WPSF, but as the servers and storage systems become ever more powerful and compact, they place a greater strain on the facility to deliver more power, reject more heat and maintain adequate backup power reserves (both battery backup and onsite power generation). In addition, more power requirements for the HVAC system will become necessary. A standard practice is to add 70% to the total IT equipment power needs. Direct Expansion Refrigeration System (DX) vs Chilled Water unit system Direct expansion (DX) systems comprise individual compressors within each of the air distribution units in the data center. The coefficient of performance (CoP) for these systems ranges between 2.5 and 4, but are generally less expensive for initial installation costs. Chilled-water systems offer very high energy efficiency and can operate with a CoP greater than 7. These also allow for excellent part load efficiencies. However, they are a far more expensive option compared to DX. Ventilation for Pressurization Ventilation (outside air supply) is required within the data center space for pressurization and to maintain acceptable indoor air conditions for the occupants. In this context the outdoor air requirements should be in accordance with ASHRAE Standard 62, which calls for a minimum 15 CFM per person. However, in almost all instances where the introduction of outdoor air is intended for pressurization purposes, it can be expected that the flow rates required will be in excess of that required for maintaining indoor air quality. The data center shall be positively pressurized to reduce air infiltration from the surrounding areas. The air tightness of data center rooms has to be sound, and the degree of over-pressurization has to be sufficient to neutralize the influence of wind forces, temperature differences and surrounding process spaces which may be operating under negative pressure. A positive pressure level of 0.02 inches of water Âą .01 is recommended as the basis for design. All the designated openings such as doorways or the undesignated openings such as tiny air gaps around doorframes or other duct/piping penetration cracks will cause air leakage. This leakage is compensated by the HVAC system by distributing the controlled volumes of supply, return and exhaust airflow to the room. Sameer Jadhav | 5th Yr. B.Arch (C) | Architectural Representation & Detailing | B.V.C.O.A.
Proposed IT Park at Sector 7, Ulwe â&#x20AC;&#x201C; A.R.D. Calculations
Consider the figure, where Room 1 (data center) is connected to Room 2.
To achieve and maintain positive pressurization in Room 1, P1 > P2; i.e. the supply air (SA1) must be greater than the return air (RA1) plus the exhaust air (EA1). SA1 > (RA1+EA1), and SA2 < (RA2+EA2) SA1 = (RA1+EA1) + Q SA2 + Q = (RA2+EA2) Q is the leakage (transfer) air from Room 1 to Room 2, if both rooms are tightly sealed, except for the opening between rooms. Data Center Cooling The heat produced or removed from data center equipment and auxiliaries is usually expressed as the number of Btu generated in an hour (Btu/h). Watts (W) is also a term used to express heat. One watt is equal to 3.412 Btu/hr. Air conditioning capacity is also measured in Btu/h or watts. Large air conditioning systems are rated in tons. One ton of air conditioning is a unit of cooling equal to 12,000 Btu/h or 3.52 kW thermal energy.
Sameer Jadhav | 5th Yr. B.Arch (C) | Architectural Representation & Detailing | B.V.C.O.A.
Proposed IT Park at Sector 7, Ulwe – A.R.D. Calculations
Calculation Method: A typical data center also has a cooling density (heat load) of 50 W to 150 W per sq. ft. A small data center sized for 5,000 sq. ft. is equal to [50W x 5,000 sq. ft. x 3.412 / 12,000 = 71 tons of cooling] at the low end and [150W x 5,000 sq. ft. x 3.412 / 12,000 = 213 tons of cooling] at the high end.
The capacity of the cooling equipment is normally specified in BTU/h and is often expressed in tons of refrigeration, where one ton of refrigeration corresponds to a heat extraction rate of 12,000 BTU/h. The ton rating is very subjective because it is based on total cooling which is comprised of "sensible cooling" and "latent cooling." temperature, but no change in the moisture content. environment. The cooling capacity stated for a comfort unit is usually its total cooling capacity (i.e. sensible + latent). But since the electronic equipment generates only the dry heat (no moisture), the sensible cooling capacity becomes the most useful value for data centers. The common way to express this is by the sensible heat ratio which is: Sensible Heat Ratio = (Sensible Cooling/Total Cooling) For comfort air conditioning, the SHR is 0.60 to 0.70; that is the coil/air flow is designed to remove 30% to 40% latent heat load (moisture) and 60% to 70% sensible heat load. The cooling equipment for the data center is designed for 0.85 to 0.95 SHR; that is 85% to 95% sensible heat load and 5% to 15% latent load. These units will remove the high sensible heat load produced by the electronic equipment in a data center. The cooling equipment used for data centers is commonly known as “Precision air conditioning units” or “Computer room air conditioners (CRAC’s)”. By design these virtually deliver 100% sensible cooling and maintain the temperature within closed tolerance of ±1°F and ±3 percent relative humidity of their design set point. Typical comfort systems simply cannot provide this level of control, and the very best that can be expected is ± 3°F. From an airflow standpoint, these Sameer Jadhav | 5th Yr. B.Arch (C) | Architectural Representation & Detailing | B.V.C.O.A.
Proposed IT Park at Sector 7, Ulwe â&#x20AC;&#x201C; A.R.D. Calculations
provide a very large volume of air. If we compare this equipment to a comfort air conditioning system which moves air at a rate of about 400 cubic feet per minute (CFM) per cooling ton, the CRAC units are designed to move air at about 500 and 600 cubic feet per minute (CFM) per cooling ton. This is nearly twice the amount of air. The much larger air volume contributes to good air distribution and provides a better level of filtration. Water Cooled Chiller (part of Central Chilled Water System) With water cooled chillers, the refrigerant is cooled with a shell and tube condenser that is part of the chiller package. The condenser water heat is then rejected to the cooling tower located outdoors. A chilled water system utilizes a secondary cooling medium, i.e. the refrigeration cycle first produces chilled water, which in turn is used to cool air. Water lends itself as a superior cooling medium primarily on the account of its easy controllability and it doesnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t have any distance limitations.
Sameer Jadhav | 5th Yr. B.Arch (C) | Architectural Representation & Detailing | B.V.C.O.A.