Toronto Botanical Garden A Study on Building Envelopes Sam Exeeson Materials and Methods Ryerson University June 27, 2015
03 // Intro 04 // Envelope Details 06 // Site Photographs
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Special thanks to Terry Montgomery and Kevin Hutchinson of Montgomery Sisam for sharing details about Toronto Botanical Garden. Ground floor and site plan diagrams from Greensource Mag, October 2007 All photographs and renderings by Sam Exeeson.
Toronto Botanical Garden This multi-award winning LEED Silver project is a fine example of a landmark green building which helps create a new and dynamic identity for the Toronto Botanical Garden. The addition and renovation expands on two existing buildings designed by Raymond Moriyama in 1964, and Jerome Markson in 1976. This innovative building appears as a lantern of the garden at night, as the glass pavillion is designed as a sculptural form - mute and calm during the day. This energy efficient building addition reuses much of the steel and stone of the original building, and over 90% of the construction was diverted from landfills. The building envelope includes exposed concrete curb wall, highly efficient insulating glazing, and open web steel joist roofing supporting a rooftop garden. Transparent glass is used at the store level and fretted translucent glazing is used above this. This fretted glazing reduces up to 70% of direct sun.
PROJECT DETAILS Architect Montgomery Sisam Architects Landscape PMA Landscape Architects and Thomas Sparling Structural Consultant Blackwell Bowick Partnership Ltd. Mechanical & Electrical Consultant Rybka Smith and Ginsler Total Area 36,325 sq. ft. Type of Building Community/Public Space Building Use Garden, library, administrative offices, store, children’s center, meeting rooms Completion Date December 2005
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Envelope Details
RF
Roof
Glazing
Soil Retension Grid Draining Tray Waterproofing Membrane Plywood Sheeting (1) Rigid Insulation Plywood Sheeting (2) Continuous Steel Deck Open Web Steel Joist Suspended Gypsum Ceiling Assembly
GL
−− Precco High Performance Thermalite Insulating Glass
−− −− −− −− −− −− −− −− −−
FW
F1
W
Wall
F1 Floor
−− 200mm Concrete Curb Wall −− 92mm Metal Stud with Mineral Wool Insulation −− 13mm Cement Fibre Board −− Air/Vapour Barrier −− 13mm Gypsum Board w/Paint Finish
−− Slate Tile Finish −− 50mm Cement Concrete −− Pre-case Concrete hollow core slabs
Foundation Wall −− −− −− −−
50mm Drainage Insulation w/Bituminous Water Proofing 250mm Cement Concrete Wall Weeping Tile on Drainage Bed 4”Perforated Pipe
F2
Foundation Floor Assembly
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−− −− −− −− −−
Slate Tile Finish 50mm Cement Concrete 100mm Cement Concrete Foundation Slab Waterproofing Membrane Consolidated Earth
Envelope Details RF
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Roof −1− Continuous layer of waterproofing looping over the rigid membrane provides highly water resistant roof. 4” thick rigid insulation membrane provides high-thermal insulation for the roof. −2− I-Beam supports the complete open-web steel joist roofing system. These beams are connected to the main circular columns which transfer the load directly to the footing. −3− These 220 dia columns support the entire roofing system. All columns are interconnected using cross-bracing for a highly efficient structure with minimum materials.
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−4− Perforated drain pipes drain the rooftop gardens. Continous metal flashing retains soil and water. −5− Suspended paint-finished gypsum ceiling system creates a clean and concealed ceiling tapering along the slope.
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W 5 3
F1
Wall // First Floor Assembly −1− A network of I-Beams support slate tile finished hollow concrete precast floors. These floor slabs are lightweight, yet can carry heavy loads per unit area. The offsite construction and special connection systems make this an efficient material for faster construction. −2− Smoke seals between each floor create separate fire and smoke compartments.
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−3− Continuous metal flashing sealed by waterproofing sealant drains water from glazing away from the walls
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−4− High performance water sealants are used to the protect the exposed concrete walls. −5− The external glazing is argon filled double glazed (2x6mm glass, 16mm air gap) with LPX aluminium spacers and black silicone fills. These glazings are high performance insulated glass. A white translucent film is used on the glazing for high reflection thereby avoiding thermal gain inside the building during summer.
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FW F2
Foundation Wall // Foundation Floor Assembly −1− Carefully planned concrete floor details help to achieve a high-performing floor slab. −2− 4” drain pipe removes water from the footing of the structure.
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The green roofs play a huge role in providing efficient thermal insulation for the roofs. The rooftop garden absorbs direct radiation from the sun, thereby protecting from high heat gains inside the building.
Highly efficient glass roofs bring huge amounts of natural light to the space, yet also act as strong insulators from the outside environment.
Clear glass panels are used at the store level while the translucent glazing above is fritted to reduce solar gain and glare from direct sunlight.
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