Analysis of Monetary Times Building by Sam Exeeson

Monetary Times Building Ryerson University

Comprehensive and integrated building analysis.

Overview 341 Church Street. Toronto Monetary Times Building. Ryerson University

Introduction

Analysis on the compliance of Ontario Building Code

Analysis of the materials and methods of Construction

Use of Building Information Modeling â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Revit

Conclusion

The Team

The following analysis evaluates Monetary Times building for its compliance of Ontario Building code, the materials and methods of

construction and illustrates the findings using BIM. Revit 2015 is used for building information modeling.

Rania Matta

Jasleen Bedi

Goncalo Leitao

Farid Ahamadi

Sam Exeeson

Location and Site Context Monetary Times Building Is located at the North end of Ryerson Campus

< NORTH

Eric Palin Hall On the East side of the building

Ryerson Architecture Building and Ryerson Engineering Building On the South side of the building

Kerr Hall On the West side of the building Eric Palin Hall

Engineering Building Architecture Building

Kerr Hall

Church Street On the West side of the building

< NORTH

Gerrard Street East On the North side of the building

< NORTH

Project Overview and Background 341 Church Street. Toronto Monetary Times Building. Ryerson University

160

Years of History

2450

Square meters of Total Area

1848

First Register found at Toronto Lands Registry Office

1927

The property was sold to Monetary Printing Press Company

1931

Designed and built by J. A. Thatcher

1966

Ryerson University acquired the property

1989

Exterior renovation by Lett Smith Architects

1993

Renovation Completed

2008

Interior renovation

2012

Renovation Completed

The building was initially planned to be of six floors for printing operations of Monetary Times printing press, but only four floors were constructed.

Building description Concrete and Brick Cladding with Art-Deco ornaments on North and West facade

Gerrard Street East •

34 meters long

•

18 meters wide

•

4 Storey

Church Street

Building description Simple Brick Cladding on South and East facade

Building Program Entrances and Exits

Gerrard Street East

East Entrance

17 meters

Church Street

34 meters

West Entrance

South Service Entrance

< NORTH

Building description

Forth floor

Floor occupancies and general layout Basement

Third floor

First floor 2 laboratories, 1 machine shop, 3 offices, 1 student competition room, janitor room & Barrier free water closet

elevator

Third and Fourth floor 2 laboratories, 9 offices and 3 water closets

staircase

First floor

Second floor

Second floor 2 computer Laboratories, photocopy Room, Boardroom, 3 water closets (one female, one men and one barrier-free) Faculty Lounge and 9 Offices

Class rooms Laboratories Offices Toilets Janitors Room

Ontario Building Code

Ontario Building Code Building Classification and Major occupancy

• • • • • • •

Major Occupancy : Group A Division 2 Building Area: 557.08 m2 Gross Area: 2453 m2 Number of Storey: 4 Number of Streets Fire Fighting Access : 2 Applicable parts of Building Codes: Division B, Part 1, 3, 4,5,6,7, 10, 11, 12 Building Classification : 3.2.2.24 Any area, up to 6 Storey

4 3 2 1

a a a a

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Sprinkler system required on each floor of the building. Non-combustible construction Building height up to 6 storey Floor assemblies to have 1 Hr. Fire Separation Load bearing walls and columns to have 1 Hr. Fire-resistance rating

Provision for Fire fighting Ontario Building Code

Gerrard Street East

6m 3m Fire Department Connection

Church Street

Fire Hydrant

11 m

Exit 1 Exit 3

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

38mm diameter hose connection in each floor of the building. Fire Hydrants to be located within 90 m Fire detectors â&#x20AC;&#x201C; service spaces, elevations Smoke Detector â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Staircases, Elevator machine room Fire alarm system is required

a 6. Access to Above Grade Storeys for fire fighters r

a a a

7. 8. 9. 10.

Roof Access required by stairway or hatch with fixed ladder. Barrier free design for passenger elevator Elevator Hoist Way, Machine Room - 1 Hr. FFR Services room - 1 Hr. FFR

< NORTH

a a a a a

First floor

Second floor

Fire Protection and Occupant Safety Ontario Building Code

Area

EXIT EXIT

FHC

EXIT

Required FR and compliance

Corridor used by the public

1 hr.



Janitor room

1 hr.



Basement (sprinklered)

1 hr.



Doors in fire separation between Rooms and Corridor

45 min.



Vertical shafts

45 min.



Exits

1 hr.



Elevator and Staircases

1 hr.



Elevator hoist way

1 hr.



Elevator Machine room

1 hr.



Service rooms

1 hr.



Basement

1 hr.



1 Hr. Fire Separation 45 Min. Fire Separation EXIT

EXIT

EXIT FHC

NORTH >

EXIT

FHC

Vertical Shafts Elevator Shaft Janitor

FHC EXIT

Fire Alarm – Manual pull system Fire Hose Cabinet Exit Signage

* The walls separating the staff offices, classrooms, laboratories and/or computer labs don’t need to be fire rated as these form a part of the overall suite and cannot be considered as different occupancies.

Third floor

Forth floor

Fire Protection and Occupant Safety Ontario Building Code

EXIT

Area

EXIT

FHC

Required FR and compliance

Corridor used by the public

1 hr.



Janitor room

1 hr.



Basement (sprinklered)

1 hr.



Doors in fire separation between Rooms and Corridor

45 min.



Vertical shafts

45 min.



Exits

1 hr.



Elevator and Staircases

1 hr.



Elevator hoist way

1 hr.



Elevator Machine room

1 hr.



Service rooms

1 hr.



Basement

1 hr.



EXIT

1 Hr. Fire Separation 45 Min. Fire Separation

FHC

NORTH >

FHC

Vertical Shafts Elevator Shaft Janitor

FHC EXIT

Fire Alarm – Manual pull system Fire Hose Cabinet Exit Signage

First floor

Second floor

Safety within floor areas Ontario Building Code

Total Occupant load 357 persons

Floor Basement

First Floor

Second Floor

D C

Requirements A Two Exits One Barrier Free entrance/ exit C Travel Distance between exits - 30 m D

Travel Distance from inside of room to egress door - 15 m Capacity of Access To Exits based on 6.1 mm per person= 2177 mm (1090 x 2) - 1100 mm provided

NORTH >

Occupants

Comments    



Minimum Width Of Corridor-1100 mm Exit Doors Swing towards direction of travel to exit



Third floor & Forth floor

Exit stair

Safety within floor areas Ontario Building Code

1100 I

Floor

Third Floor

104

Forth Floor

Requirements

C K



Capacity of stairs in access to exit



1100 mm

Exit Staircase tread/ run 255- 355 mm



229 mm



180 mm

K Exit Staircase riser 125- 200 mm

NORTH >

Comments

G Dead End Corridor D

Occupants

Headroom clearance of exit doors and stairways



Door hardware operable by one hand



Door release hardware



X Exit signage



Accessibility and Health Requirements Ontario Building Code First floor

Second floor

Third floor

Forth floor Universal Washrooms Required number â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 2 Building does not comply Drinking Water Drinking Water Fountain is provided on all the floors OBC ref. Div. B 3.7.4.3(15) & Table 3.8.2.3.A

NORTH >

Male WC

Female WC

Bar. Free WC

Universal WC

First Floor

Second Floor

Third Floor

Forth Floor

Barrier free Circulation

North Side Unprotected Openings Limiting Distance is 10 m Condition

Limiting Distance of 10 m on North and West Side

First Floor

2 - 4 Floor (Sep.)

Exposed Building Face

145

125

Percentage UPO Allowed

60%

72%

Percentage UPO Created

41%

48%

FR Required and Created

45 min.

C/NC Const. as/Req.

C/NC Clad. as/Req.

West Side Unprotected Openings Limiting Distance is 10 m Condition

First Floor

2 - 4 Floor (Sep.)

Percentage UPO Allowed

100%

Percentage UPO Created

31%

46%

FR Required and Created

45 min.

C/NC Const. as/Req.

C/NC Clad. as/Req.

Exposed Building Face

Fire Compartment

South Side Unprotected Openings Limiting Distance is 6 m Condition

Limiting Distance of 6 m on South and East Side

First Floor

2 - 4 Floor (Sep.)

Exposed Building Face

145

125

Percentage UPO Allowed

26%

30%

Percentage UPO Created

17%

28%

FR Required and Created

45 min.

C/NC Const. as/Req.

C/NC Clad. as/Req.

East Side Unprotected Openings Limiting Distance is 6 m Condition

First Floor

2 - 4 Floor (Sep.)

Percentage UPO Allowed

49%

57%

Percentage UPO Created

30%

36%

FR Required and Created

45 min.

C/NC Const. as/Req.

C/NC Clad. as/Req.

Exposed Building Face

Fire Compartment

Materials and Methods

Building Structure and Foundation Materials and Methods Below Grade • Retaining walls are reinforced concrete. • The steel columns are encased in concrete • The slab over the basement storage 8.75” flat slab with 5.75” drop panels • 5’ by 5’ feet capitals supports (Fig. 1)

Concrete and Steel Structure

Above Grade • The building has a steel frame structure with moment resistance frames. (Fig. 2 & 3) • The reinforced concrete joist and slab structure are supported by a steel frame of beams and columns 6.75 X 5.5 Grid (Fig. 4) • The typical floor - 8” concrete joist and 3” concrete slab • The roof structure is a reinforced concrete joist and slab construction

Structural stability Monetary Times Building was designed to support 6 floors, but only 4 were built. Studies shows that the steel columns and concrete footings, along with the floors, indicate a load capacity of 150 #/sf. over six floors.

Fig. 1 Column

Capital

Fig. 2 Steel

frame Structure

Fig. 3 Moment

Resistance

Fig. 4 Grid

6.7

5.5

Building Envelope and Components Simple Brick Cladding on South and East facade South and East Facade • Designed as typical industrial structure, the elevations are composed of concrete masonry units brick facing in common bond (Fig. 1), with large industrial steel sash windows (Fig. 2) (2.4m high x 3 to 6m wide) and concrete sills. • Steel canopy at the East entrance (Fig. 3) •

Tall neighboring buildings shade the Monetary Times building at the south and east side of the building (Fig. 4 & 5)

Fig. 1 Brick

Cladding

Fig. 2 Steel

Sash Windows

Fig. 3 Entrance

Canopy

Fig. 4 Winter

Sun

Fig. 5 Summer

Sun

Building Envelope and Components North and West facade

Building Envelope and Components The concrete vertical piers reaching up to two and half floor high on a four-foot high concrete base along Church and Gerrard Street

Building Envelope and Components The spandrels over the first floor windows are finished in precast terrazzo, the second floor level in art-deco motifs and the third floor in brick cladding

Building Envelope and Components At the roofline, the piers terminate in delightful multiple-plane stone caps that project slightly above the parapet

Building Envelope and Components North and East facade details South East Facade • At the roofline, the piers terminate in stone caps that project slightly above the parapet. (Fig. 1)

•

Between these caps are decorative panels featuring sunbursts framed by stylized foliage At the top of the cast-stone base, the piers are decorated with subtle grooves Art-Deco floral motif, with rows of simple dentils on second floor (Fig. 3) The spandrels over the first floor windows were finished with precast terrazzo Fluted-recessed concrete surrounded with terrazzo and decorated iron work (Fig. 4) at the main door (Fig. 5)

Fig. 1 Stone

Cap

Fig. 2 Decorative

Panels

Fig. 3 Art-Deco

Fig. 4 & 5 West

details

Door Detail

Concrete Cladding

• • • •

Brick Cladding

(Fig. 2)

North Elevation

West Elevation

Concrete Cab Concrete Cladding

Asphalt felt 8â&#x20AC;? Concrete Joist + 3â&#x20AC;? Concrete Slab Air gap

Double Glazed windows with Thermal Break

Window Sill External brick/concrete cladding Masonry wall 3 inch Rigid Insulation + 6 Mil. Poly Vapor Barrier Gypsum board w/ paint finish

Plastic laminate sill and Apron External concrete cladding Masonry wall 3 inch Rigid Insulation + 6 Mil. Poly Vapor Barrier

Concrete retaining wall Concrete footing

Before Renovation

Steel Structure

Added Insulation

Brick Masonry

Concrete Cladding

Gypsum false ceiling

Ext. Wall Construction

During the renovation, Lett-Smith architects added a new layer of insulation on the inside of all exterior walls

Foundation

Recent renovation

Roof Construction

Building Envelope and Components

Cracked window sills around the building

Cracked conc. cladding

Water logging in facade

Before Renovation

Leakage in Barrier continuity

Ext. Wall Construction

Water shedding surface Air Barrier Vapor Barrier

Foundation

Evidence of failures in the building envelope is visible through out the external facade

Roof Construction

Failures in building envelope

Interior Partitions and finishes Materials and methods

Interior Partitions • Standard 6”concrete block in the 1st floor (with 1 hr. fire rating for corridors walls) • ULC- W407- 1 hr. rating with 1 ½”mineral wool Batts, 3 5/8” steel studs & 1/2” THK G.W.B on both sides used in the upper floor as fire rated separation for the corridor walls) • 3 5/8” steel studs with 1 ½” sound attenuation Batts & 5/8” THK G.W.B. • Glass Block wall Decora Pattern 8”x8”x4”, used in the laboratories of the second floor.

West side staircase

Glass block wall at second floor

Painted gypsum false ceiling with light cove, Vinyl flooring and metal framed doors.

Building Information Modeling - Revit

Revit Advantages of Building Informational Modeling over other drafting software “The idea is to create a 3D model or "virtual" representation of the real physical building. Each 3D element has Information ( referred to as "metadata" ) input into it so that the data can be scheduled automatically, and shared downstream with other stakeholders and team members who may use Revit or other programs such as Navisworks to combine all models from the various design teams” Qamar Ul Islam, Savoir-Faire | Assistant Professor | Revit enthusiast

Revit was used as the primary tool of analysis for the purpose of this assignment. To achieve maximum productivity in a short period of time, work-collaboration was used. This allowed multiple users to work simultaneously to create and develop the building information model. Existing AutoCAD files provided by the planning department of Ryerson University were imported into the Revit model as reference. This allowed to create an accurate BIM model based on the as-built drawings. These are some of many features of Revit which helped us achieve this analysis. • • • •

Work Sharing Constraints, Element Identity and Documentation Parametric Components, and 3-Directional associativity Customizable drawing templates

Building Information Modeling Work-sharing

Work sets were established to categorize the development of BIM in the order of construction. The BIM manager developed the base-model structural elements, base building envelopes, standardized doors and windows etc. Thereafter each team member developed the details to create a complete model.

Building Structure • Foundation • Retaining walls • Columns and beams • Service and circulation cores Building Envelope • Exterior walls • External doors and windows • External cladding

Building Interiors • Internal partition walls • Interior doors and openings Site and Related Elements • Site components and massing.

Work-sets

Structure

Floors & Grid

Envelope

Interiors

Ext-Cladding

Site and Landscape

Building Information Modeling Constraints, Element Identity and Documentation

Each element created in Revit has a an Identity and set of data attached to it. This can be the physical properties of the indented material of construction or the quantification. Documentation is no longer manual. The information is already there. All you have to do is extract it.

Element Identity Stair • • •

Type Level Constraints Offset from Wall

Customization 1 • • •

Length Height Number of Stairs

Customization 2 • • •

Details of Riser Structural Details Nosing Detail

Extract Schedule • • •

Required Information Quantity of building materials Load and Structural information

Publish Schedule • • •

Bill of Quantities Load Schedule Manufacture's details

Building Information Modeling Parametric Components, and 3-Directional associativity

Each element is a 3d object with parameters that can be modified to modify the entity Entire model is a single database with all elements interrelated. The significance of this is that when you make any changes in one location all affected elements will dynamically update. 5050 X 2350

4150 X 2350 Art â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Deco Ornament

Ext - Window

3950 X 2350

3450 X 2350

Building Information Modeling Parametric Components, and 3-Directional associativity

Artâ&#x20AC;&#x201C;Deco Detailing

Building Information Modeling Artâ&#x20AC;&#x201C;Deco Detailing

Photograph of Staircase

Revit 360 Rendering

Building Information Modeling Customizable drawing templates

Default workspace • • •

Concept Design Working Drawings Co-ordination

Architectural Plan Template • • •

Presentation Drawings Tender Drawings Working Drawings

Color Schemes • • •

Room Tags Occupancy classification Phasing

3D Drawings • • •

I-Plan Presentation Client Meetings Reference Views

Building Information Modeling Renderings

Photograph of Staircase

Revit 360 Rendering

Thank you.