Lord Selkirk Park - Regulatory Framework by sandrafroese

Lord Selkirk Park Winnipeg, Manitoba | Regulatory Framework

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0 Introduction Site context + demographics.............. 4-5 Vision................................................... 6-7 Schematic plan.................................... 8-9 2.0 Urban Form Controls..................... 10-11 Building envelope............................... 12-13 Facade articulation.............................. 14-15 Density................................................. 16 Building heights................................... 17 Streetscape.......................................... 18-19 Transition point.................................... 20 Parking provisions................................ 21 3.0 Character Controls......................... 22-23 Architectural detailing doors............... 24 Architectural detailing windows.......... 25 Street Lighting..................................... 26 Plantations........................................... 27 Furniture.............................................. 28 Materials and Colors........................... 29 4.0 GLOSSARY.................................... 30-31

Total Perimeter: 1490.864m Total Site Area: 105865.43 m² | 26.16 acres | 10.59 hectares

HISTORY The rail yards; noisy, dirty and bustling with energy and activity, cut the city in half in the 19th century. The area north of the rail yards became the ‘North End’.1 This is where large numbers of immigrants settled as the city began to boom in 1896 . It was known as the ‘Foreign Quarter’.2 “Winnipeg then, as now, was deeply segregated—a city divided—with the North End cut off from the rest of the city by the vast CPR yards, and distinguished from the rest of the city by its ‘foreign’ character. As a 1912 publication put it: “For many years the North End... was practically a district apart from the city”, and “those who located north of the tracks were not of a desirable character” (Artibise, 1975, p. 160).”3

The problem is poverty and inequality just as it was over 100 years ago. The site is run down with graffiti, covered windows, and harsh edges along the streets. Unfortunately this has made the site an unpleasant place to walk or bike when there is a diverse culture of amenities within walking distance. Over time the neigbourhood built a range of social, cultural, and educational organizations and has potential for a highly rooted and characterized development plan.

36.7

SITE CONTEXT

High Income >$40000

Low Income <$15000 25 .2 %

Winnipeg Census Income Rate

Context Map 200m

SITE CONTEXT The site is located in Winnipegâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s north end, Lord Selkirk Park. Rich in history and character, the site is dominated by industrial and commercial buildings. A few single family homes exist in the centre of the site with their backyards facing Dufferin Ave. To the north of the site, across Dufferin Ave., are residential dwelling units. To the East, are commercial business buildings and services. To the South is the Canadian Pacific Rail yard, and to the West is the RB Russell Vocational School. Across the street to the West is more industrial warehouse buildings.

Mid Income $15000-$40000

49.9%

Mid Income $15000-$40000 Low Income <$15000

50.1%

Lord Selkirk Park Census Income Rate

Legend Two Way Traffic Roadway Pedestrian Sidewalks Transit Route Transit Stop Vegetation - Trees Open Green Space

Master Plan

Building Footprint

50m

Green Corridor

High Density Living

Low density Living

Section Looking West

Experience and Character Looking westward through the green corridor park, the serial image perspectives reveal the open and enclosed spaces, creating a playful and engaging environment for community members and visitors alike. This major development allows for diverse activities to take place. [Begin with the image at the bottom of the page and move upward as the user moves westward]

Sequence View 4 [West Side]

VISION

VISION The intent of the design is to provide equality and diversity within the city blocks. Lord Selkirk Park is in need of residential housing, specifically for low income families, refugees, and immigrant newcomer families. These conditions for the site influence specific dimensions of performance such as vitality, fit, control, access, and sense. These conditions are derived from Kevin Lynch, in which these principles reflect good urban form.

Sequence View 3

Key intentions with the proposal that exhibit the dimensions of performance listed above are; _to increase residential density, _to improve existing streetscape, _to increase connection to downtown area, _to increase communal green space _provide benefits for the surrounding neighbourhoods.

Sequence View 2

Above all, vitality is the most important element in the design proposal, with close attention to safety. With the increase in pedestrian walkways this begins to create friendly, safe environments. Because there are educational institutions within the surrounding context and the intent to address social housing, there is a strong desire for child safe design. The surrounding context of the site informs the design in areas of building types, unit sizes, and the need for community outdoor spaces. 7

Sequence View 1 [East Side]

Legend Community Green Space Civic

Schematic Plan

Commercial Residential 8

SCHEMATIC PLAN SPATIAL SCHEMATIC PLAN The key design elements of Lord Selkirk Park are the residential and green space areas. The schematic plan displays the division of proposed zoning on site, public open greenspace, pedestrian streets and walkways, and vehicular streets. This regulatory framework addresses the area outlined in black. This area is the residential zoned space and communal green open space, the most integral elements of the proposed vision. The main green corridor is intended to bring people into the neighborhood and through the neighborhood as an aesthetic experience by pedestrian travel as well as vehicles. The linear space links the commercial and civic buildings together with the residential respectfully in the center of the neighborhood. It will act as the primary space for play and community get-together. The surrounding commercial buildings offer amenities and diversity in the site for residents in neighboring communities and students in nearby educational institutions.

Access to green space. Area of Regulatory Framework

Lord Selkirk Park should be a space where people of all races, genders, nationalities, ethnicities, cultures, economic and social backgrounds can feel safe and included. Everyone should have an equal feeling of their right to the space.

â&#x20AC;&#x153;Well connected communities are often the safest ones by providing pedestrian activity.â&#x20AC;?4 As per Urban Design Framework of Nanaimo.

URBAN FORM CONTROLS GENERAL REQUIREMENTS Natural Surveillance _install windows on all building sides _assign specific parking stalls near residentâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s unit to discourage unauthorized parking _designate visitor parking _illuminate parking areas and pedestrian walkways _locate recreational community spaces so that they are visible from residential units Territorial Reinforcement _define property lines with landscaping or fencing _accentuate building entrances with architectural elements, lighting, and/or landscaping _each unit should receive an individual mailbox at unit entrances, which creates security

BUILDING ENVELOPE The maximum height of building envelope is 25 meters for low and mid-density buildings and 30 meters for high-density buildings based on surrounding context. This creates legibility throughout the new development and immediate neighborhoods. This also helps ease the transition of new development with existing apartment buildings in surrounding context. The maximum height is determined by the tallest existing building in the Lord Selkirk Park communities at 30 meters high. In order to keep the street wall to width ratio consistent throughout the proposal, development facing open space should be taller, and development facing open space with higher tree coverage should be smaller. _maximum height of envelope is 25 meters plus 20% _residential buildings require 1:1.5 street wall to width ratio _LD= 2-3 stories _maximum LD front facing facade adjacent to corridor=9 meters _maximum LD back facing facade toward Dufferin Avenue= 15 meters _MD= 4-5 stories _maximum MD front facing facade adjacent to Derby Street= 15 meters _maximum MD back facing facade toward LD= 20 meters _HD= 4-7 stories

30m

_maximum HD front facing facade adjacent to _maximum HD back facing facade toward

Maximum Height 25m

29.28째 Angular Plane

15m 9m

7.5m

29.28째 Angular Plane

19m

Maximum Height 25m

29.28째 Angular Plane

20m 15m

7.5m

31m

Maximum Height 30m

Mid-density Envelope Mid-Density housing are four to five story buildings with apartment units. The maximum height of back side of building is 20 meters determined by the street wall to width ratio of 1:1.5 located adjacent to Derby street. The maximum height of front of building is 15 meters determined by low-density building envelope calculations.

29.28째 Angular Plane

25m

60m

Low-Density Envelope Low-Density housing are two to three story buildings with single family dwellings. The low height of this housing is intended to enrich the pedestrian scale of the community. The maximum height of back side of building is 15 meters determined by the street wall to width ratio of 1:1.5. The maximum height of front of building is 9 meters determined by existing buildings in area.

High-Density Envelope High-Density housing are four to seven story buildings with apartment units. Because the building is adjacent to the industrial rail yard the back facing facade can reach the maximum height of the building envelope. The maximum height of front of building is 25 meters determined by the street wall to width ratio of 1:1.5 located next to open green space.

7.5m 13

“Multiple dwelling developments provide many ‘eyes on the street’ while multiple stories creates privacy.”5 As per Urban Design Framework of Nanaimo.

Name: Bloc 106 Address: 1530, Grant Avenue, Winnipeg Architects: 5468796 Architecture Project Area: 12,000 sq ft Year: 2011

FACADE ARTICULATION For the facade articulation of Lord Selkirk Park, precedents are taken from existing architecture buildings from Winnipeg. The intent of the facade articulation is to have 60% open coverage. This allows for views onto the pedestrian corridor implementing natural surveillance. The rhythm of the facade establishes a pedestrian experience through legibility at street level while creating interest points along the corridor from crosswalks and functional access entrances.

Name: The Marquis 17 Address: 50 De la Seigneurie Blvd, Winnipeg Architects: BLDG architecture office inc. Project Area: 22,978 sf Year: 2016

_facades should be 60% open on all front facing facades _windows should be placed on every facade of each building _rhythm should be consistent throughout the neighborhood on the front facade _a variety of materials, colors and textures should be used to create character and aesthetic allure 14

Name: The Spot8 Address: 785-795 Sterling Lyon Pkwy, Winnipeg Architects: BLDG architecture office inc. Project Area: 358,800 sf Year: 2014

LD Facade

MD Facade

HD Facade

DENSITY _minimum FAR= 1.21 _maximum FAR=2.63 _minimum number of dwelling spaces=220 _maximum site coverage ratio= _Open Space Ratio= _maximum housing density gross UPH= 65 UPH _maximum density net UPH= 113 UPH _maximum density area gross= 3.39 hectares _maximum density area net=1.96 hectares

Building Specifications9

Building Type

Floor Area

dwellings:4 floor area ratio (FAR): 1.21 housing density: 67UPH site area: 588m² net impervious area: 62% building coverage: 46%

Low-Density Rowhouse

dwellings:41 floor area ratio (FAR): 2.63 housing density: 276UPH site area: 1723m² net impervious: 64% building coverage: 47%

Mid-Density Apartment

dwellings:144 floor area ratio (FAR): 1.86 housing density: 274UPH site area: 5248m² net impervious area: 35% building coverage: 51%

High-Denisty Apartment

Dufferin Ave

Jarvis Ave

3.7m

Building Heights

11m

3.5m

14m

Sutherland Ave

50m

BUILDING HEIGHT LIMITATIONS The intentions for the height limitations are to encourage pedestrians into the community green space in the center of the neighborhood. The building height limitations demonstrate a safe, comfortable pedestrian scale space. _maximum building height for LD and MD= 25 meters _maximum building height for HD= 30 meters

3.5m

17m

STORY HEIGHT _minimum story height = 3.1 meters _maximum story height = 3.7metres

Feike de Boerlaan 1

STREETSCAPE PRECEDENT Amsterdam, Netherlands Street Name: Feike de Boerlaan Key Elements _green pedestrian corridor in the center of residential dwelling units _pedestrian scale features _safety implementations with fencing _legibility with building facades _strong character Feike de Boerlaan 2

Feike de Boerlaan 3

STREETSCAPE _streets should be designed for two-way traffic _street widths should allow clearances for City of Winnipeg transit operations _speed limit should adhere to City of Winnipeg residential street limit, 50km/h _planters should serve as infiltration basins for rooftop runoff _minimum 2% slope on street-way to allow drainage to curbside _bicycles shares street with vehicles _community bicycle route should be connected to existing or proposed city networks wherever possible.

3.5m

20m

1.5m

3.5m

7m 1.5m

Streetscape Transect 19

public

semi- private private

LD Transition

TRANSITION POINT _define property lines with landscaping or fencing as a method of distinguishing public/ semi-private/private spaces _accentuate building entrances with architectural elements, lighting, and/or landscaping _each unit should receive an individual mailbox at unit entrances, which creates security and individuality public

public

semiprivate

private

MD Transition

private

HD Transition

1.6m 2m

LD Parking

PARKING PROVISION _parking must be at grade level to reduce social housing cost _assign specific parking stalls near residentâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s unit _designate visitor parking _residential parking stall size requirements= 4.5 -6 meters by 2.3 meters _no street parking on either side of green corridor space running east-west _street parking allowed on side streets running north-south

1.5m 0.5m 1.8m

MD Parking

_disability parking required _electrical services are available per assigned outdoor parking stall _no residential parking at front of building adjacent to street

2.45m

4.5m

6.5m

HD Parking 21

1.3m

CHARACTER CONTROLS GENERAL REQUIREMENTS The guide proposes relevant design responses to its context. This will further the future expectation of Lord Selkirk Park. The following pages provide recommendations and imagery of the suggested character in relation to the urban design and landscapes character of the Lord Selkirk Park.

ARCHITECTURAL DETAILING - WINDOWS _the style of the window should be coherent with the surrounding context; maintain character throughout Lord Selkirk Park _there should be windows on all sides of the building _all windows should be operable [open-able] and functional _window height from floor should adhere to safety codes W1- Single Hung

W3- Double Hung

W4- Casement

W5- Double Hung

W2- Combination

W6- Combination

ARCHITECTURAL DETAILING - DOORS

_the style of the door should be coherent with the surrounding context; maintain character throughout Lord Selkirk Park _residential buildings should have a front door and back door. The front door should face the street as a part of the building facade, whereas the back door should provide convenient access for residences to parking lots _door size should be consistent with the number of units within each building _doors for all residential buildings should be wheelchair accessible

_emergency exit door is required for all buildings

D1- Single Door

D2- Single Door Glass Insert

D3- Single Door Glass Insert

D4- Double Door Glass Insert 25

nd vitality

LIGHTING Lighting in Winnipeg should use a sustainable source of lighting as per Manitoba Hydro. Winnipeg has began to convert high pressure sodium (HPS) street lights to LED’s as of November 2016.10 All lighting in Lord Selkirk Park should be set up with LED because of this mandate. LED’s last for up to 20 years, ensuring less maintenance.11 The LED’s are completely recyclable and therefore more environmentally friendly than HPS.12 The LED’s produce a more direct white light that reduces light spillage which creates a brighter looking streetscape.13 This in turn promotes a safer sense of place and welcoming community. _the style of the lamp posts should be coherent with the surrounding context; maintain character throughout Lord Selkirk Park _lighting should have LED to reduce energy consumption _street lighting should be situated regularly in such a way that allows suitable visual range _lighting elements situated on the ground plane should be used for directional emphasis

L1- Cobrahead

L2- Quad Column

L3- Column

_lighting should illuminate community congregation spaces; green corridor _street lighting should not obstruct surrounding infrastructure _lighting should be resistant to vandalism _street lighting must reach a minimum of 3 meters high to accommodate pedestrian scale experiences _recessed lighting is encouraged in community spaces _facade lighting is necessary entrances and exits [R1]

for

building

R1 26

PLANTATIONS _as per the City of Winnipeg Urban Forestry Branch, adhere to the seven design guideline principles14 - maximize suitable usable soil volume within a reasonable cost range per cubic of soil. - design plantings suitable to adjacent road and sidewalk width and speed limit conditions - consider minimum snow clearing setback and separation recommendations. - consider minimum Winnipeg Accessibility Design Standards for clear path of travel. - consider minimum horizontal separations and depth of cover requirements for all utilities. - respect the existing or designed Streetscape context. - ensure direct, comfortable and safe pedestrian routes.

_minimum snow clearing setback recommendation is 1.2 meters as per the City of Winnipeg Urban Forestry Branch _design plantings suitable to adjacent road and sidewalk width and speed limit conditions, as per The City of Winnipeg Urban Forestry guidelines _refer to City of Winnipeg public works, Urban Forestry document of Acceptable Tree Species for Boulevard _tree plantings should be spaced according to tree type and final growth height _plantings should be tolerant of soil compaction _shade canopies should reach a height of at least one story at maturity

_vegetation selected for Lord Selkirk Park streets should have relevance to the City of Winnipegâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s street trees _vegetation should contribute to native species habitats _vegetation should be selected for seasonal attributes and hardiness zone for Winnipeg _hardy, drought tolerant native species may be incorporated through landscape treatments _replace losses, or anticipated losses of elms to Dutch Elm Disease (D.E.D.), or other tree species for other reasons, as per The City of Winnipeg, Urban Forestry Branch tree planting program objectives15

_provide/maintain an overall diverse tree canopy by planting trees where there are gaps in the existing urban forest, as per The City of Winnipeg, Urban Forestry Branch tree planting program objectives

Distance of plantations from fire hydrants.

_a minimum horizontal separation of 3.0m must be maintained between the center of the tree and any existing fire hydrant [P1] 27

Recycling and Waste Containers 1

FURNITURE There should be a transitional border edge around the community green space to ensure safety of children and pedestrians from vehicles on the street. _the style of furniture and fencing should be coherent with the surrounding context; maintain character throughout Lord Selkirk Park _fencing should not block views into or out of the pedestrian/community corridor space _maximum height for community green space border edge should be 1 meter

Recycling and Waste Containers 2

_recycling and waste containers should be situated in all community spaces

Planting Reinforcements

Fencing 28

sense and cont

MATERIAL Newer materials, such as metal siding reflects the history of the site as an industrial space, and also relates to the adjacent rail yard. This enhances the character of the site. COLOR The colors chosen for development should be consistent with the primary [color-plate 1] and secondary [color-plate 2] colors relative to the existing surrounding context. The primary colors are a vibrancy of the secondary colors and should be used to further vitality in the neighbor. If any colors apart from the ones presented are specified, there needs to be a written request. _the choice of materials, colors, and textures should be coherent with the surrounding context; maintain character throughout Lord Selkirk Park

M1- Metal Siding

M2- Concrete

Color-plate 1 - Vibrant iteration of surrounding context color

M3-Tindel Stone

Color-plate 2 - Surrounding context color

M4- Colored Brick 29

Density (gross) the number of dwelling units on a hectare of land, including land used for roads, parks, open space and all other uses. ‘units per hectare’

Front Facing building facade facing green corridor Green Corridor A green corridor is the linear community open space in urban setting with its length is considerably longer than its width. Neighborhood a land use designation including, but not limited to, single family dwellings, townhouses, apartments, commercial services, and/or civic buildings. A neighborhood typically has a unique character derived from the history, housing style, physical setting and people in that location. HD = High-Density MD = Mid-Density LD = Low-Density Transition Point the point at which public space connects with private space through a semi-private zone.

GLOSSARY

FAR Floor to area ratio.

Kevin Lynch Lynch structures a good city with five main dimensions of performance within his book ‘Good City Form’. Vitality Sustenance | Safety | Consonance The degree to which the form of the settlement supports the vital functions, biological requirements, and capabilities of human beings. Fit Adequacy | Adaptability The degree to which the formal attributes of a setting match the pattern and quantity of actions. Control Congruence | Certainty | Responsibility | Intermittent | Looseness The degree to which the use of, and access of, spaces and activities are controlled by those who use, work, or reside, in the them. Access Diversity | Equity | Local Management The ability to reach other people, activities, resources, services, and information. Sense Identity | Structure | Congruence | Transparency | Legibility | Unfolding | Significance The degree to which the form of the settlement can be clearly perceived, mentally differentiated, and structured in time and space, and the degree to which that mental structure connects with people’s values and concepts. 31

1. “North End Winnipeg’s Lord Selkirk Park Housing Development.” Accessed April 13, 2017. http://www.bing.com/cr?IG=93BDEACFF4FA4996AF51AF266975F868&CID=1B30082137016B492409024236916A9E&rd=1&h=xvB03EcgbHUOAq_Oa2CHlwLTSonzau_ZMFPqkMMhiI8&v=1&r=http%3a%2f%2fwww.policyalternatives.ca%2fsites%2fdefault%2ffiles%2fuploads%2fpublications%2fManitoba_Pubs%2f2006%2fLord_Selkirk_Park. pdf&p=DevEx,5061.1. 2.Ibid. 3.Ibid. 4. Community Planning Southend Draft. PDF. https://www.nanaimo.ca/assets/Departments/Community~Planning/Neighbourhood~Planning/Southend/Draft%20SE%20Plan%2073-108.pdf 5. Ibid. 6. 23 November, 2012 By Trevor Boddy. “Bloc 10 Housing, Winnipeg, Canada by 5468796.” Architectural Review. Accessed April 13, 2017. https://www.architectural-review.com/today/ bloc-10-housing-winnipeg-canada-by-5468796/8638712.article. 7.”The Marquis I.” BLDG. Accessed April 13, 2017. http://www.bldgoffice.com/marquis1/. 8. “The SPOT 785 & 795 SLP.” BLDG. Accessed April 13, 2017. http://www.bldgoffice.com/ the-spot-785-795/. 9. “Case sets.” Elements db. Accessed April 13, 2017. http://elementsdb.sala.ubc.ca/caseSet/ index.php. 10. ”LED street light conversion.” Manitoba Hydro. Accessed April 13, 2017. https://www. hydro.mb.ca/your_business/roadway_lighting/index.shtml. 11.Ibid. 12.Ibid. 13.Ibid. 14. Tree Planting Detail & Specifications Downtown Area and Regional Streets. PDF. Winnipeg: City of Winnipeg Public Works Department, May 1, 2009. http://www.winnipeg.ca/publicworks/parksOpenSpace/UrbanForestry/PDF/Principles_and_ Guidelines.pdf 15. Acceptable Tree Species for Boulevard. PDF. http://winnipeg.ca/publicworks/parksOpenSpace/UrbanForestry/PDF/Acceptable_Tree_Species_for_Boulevard.pdf 32

ENDNOTES

Acceptable Tree Species for Boulevard. PDF. http://winnipeg.ca/publicworks/parksOpenSpace/UrbanForestry/PDF/Acceptable_Tree_Species_for_Boulevard.pdf “Case sets.” Elements db. Accessed April 13, 2017. http://elementsdb.sala.ubc.ca/caseSet/ index.php. Center for Applied Transect Studies. Accessed April 13, 2017. https://transect.org/codes.html. Community Planning Southend Draft. PDF. https://www.nanaimo.ca/assets/Departments/Community~Planning/ Neighbourhood~Planning/Southend/Draft%20SE%20Plan%2073-108.pdf Info@sunearthtools.com. “Sun Position.” Calculation of sun’s position in the sky for each location on the earth at any time of day. Accessed April 13, 2017. https://www.sunearthtools. com/dp/tools/pos_sun.php. Llewelyn, Davies. Urban design compendium. PDF. English Partnerships, September 2007. http://webapps.stoke.gov.uk/uploadedfiles/Urban%20Design%20Compendium%201.pdf “The Marquis I.” BLDG. Accessed April 13, 2017. http://www.bldgoffice.com/marquis1/. “The SPOT 785 & 795 SLP.” BLDG. Accessed April 13, 2017. http://www.bldgoffice.com/thespot-785-795/. TOWN OF GAWLER INTEGRATED URBAN DESIGN FRAMEWORK. PDF. Gawler: Government of South Australia, November 2015. http://www.gawler.sa.gov.au/webdata/resources/files/CR15%2048526%20%20Town%20of%20 Gawler%20IUDF%20v18%20(for%20consultation)_14GAW_LR.pdf Tree Planting Detail & Specifications Downtown Area and Regional Streets. PDF. Winnipeg: City of Winnipeg Public Works Department, May 1, 2009. http://www.winnipeg.ca/publicworks/parksOpenSpace/UrbanForestry/PDF/Principles_and_ Guidelines.pdf Winnipeg Transit-Oriented Development Handbook. Winnipeg: City of Winnipeg, 2011. http://www.winnipeg.ca/ppd/planning/TOD/pdf/Handbook.pdf 23 November, 2012 By Trevor Boddy. “Bloc 10 Housing, Winnipeg, Canada by 5468796.” Architectural Review. Accessed April 13, 2017. https://www.architectural-review.com/today/ bloc-10-housing-winnipeg-canada-by-5468796/8638712.article. 34

BIBLIOGRAPHY

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IMAGE REFERENCES Page 28 Recycling and Waste Containers 1. “Bryant Park’s New Litter Receptacles.” Bryant Park Blog. Accessed April 13, 2017. http://blog.bryantpark.org/2010/05/bryant-parks-new-litterreceptacles.html. Recycling and Waste Containers 2. X, Ann Chen. “Public trash can.” Pinterest. July 12, 2016. Accessed April 13, 2017. https://www.pinterest.com/pin/434104851565284006/. Planting Reinforcements. Photography by Rui Tang. Fencing. “Feike de Boerlaan 324.” Apollo Makelaardij. Accessed April 13, 2017. https://www. apollomakelaardij.nl/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Feike-de-Boerlaan-1-1200x800.jpg. Page 29 M1. “Painting Aluminum Siding.” Bob Vila. November 18, 2013. Accessed April 13, 2017. http://s3-production.bobvila.com/articles/wp-content/uploads/2013/11/off-white.jpg. M2. “NJ| Concrete Work’s Services: Slabs Driveways Patios Repair.” South Jersey Concrete Company: New Sidewalks Driveways Patios Repair. Accessed April 13, 2017. http://www.concreteworksnj.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/20150628_181204407_iOS-e1439832490309. jpg. M3. Lizard, Visual. “Image 3.” Bulletin | Unit 7 Architecture. October 9, 2015. Accessed April 13, 2017. http://www.u7arc.com/uploads/ck/images/image3.jpg. M4. “SWTEXTURE - free architectural textures.” Brick, English Pattern. January 01, 1970. Accessed April 13, 2017. http://www.swtexture.com/2013/04/brick-english-pattern.html. 37