Dossier KV-2-4211 de l'expedient Garbo

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D. 711711Wt. 501194/ 4115318 20m 12/118 X .O.M. Op. 0\0

(1331)

S. Form 83

64 ,'2 2 6.

vi

n~L VOLUME 22.

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© Crown Copyright

" WEEKLYSID!MARYOF THE DIMORTALCASE 10.5.45

16.5.45

---------------------------I.

PLANSFOR IMMORTAL ' S POST'WARPENETRAT ION OF G-ERMAN UNDERGROUND MOVEMENTS.

1.

Since the Germans first indicated on the 1.5.45 that their ar-ganizatian was in a state of chaos we have made every efi'ort to engineer IMMORTALinto a position to be able to penetrate whatever German stey behind post war organizatia is built up in Spain.

The G-erman.s, in the long messages which they have been sending, have made it clear that there exist plans for forming a new or gan ization which will be directed to work against the Russians.

It appears that these plans are still in their early stages and the G-ennans thansel ves do not y et know how and when they ' will materialize.

We have shown a mutual desire t9 main t ain contact so as to be able to collaborate, if necessary, in .Arrangements have been made to be able to contact lDCl'IBEAM's the post war. orga ni zat ion in Canada through Agent No. 3 who will be supplied vri th a cover In f'act Cyril :M ills ·has arranged to let us have a address for this purpose. cover address in Canada which coul d , if' necessary, be p:1Ssed to the Germans should they, at a later stage, which to make contact direct.

Meanwhile MOONBEAM 's organization will close down.

2.

instructions

The organization in the U.F... is of the Germans.

similarly

being

disbanded

on the

3•

Agent No. 3 has been requested to maintain contact with t h e m.reless operator .

To implement a plan suggested by the 'G-ermans he has supplied them with a cover address in England where they can contact him by an open postcard, the text of which will contain a date which is to be the date on which transmissions would start up in accordance with the transmitting plan.

The address given .is that of Miss Bishop of this _Office. '

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PLAN FOE IMMO ...

RTAt.Is RETURNTO SPAIN.

1• Until G-erman planning has become further advanced the chances that IMM:)RTALcould obtain interesting inf'ormation by reachin g Madrid quic kly seem ORTALcould remote.

We have endeavoured to get an address in Spain where I MM make contact immediately an his arrival in Spain but this has not been forth• . coming. :?robably the G-ermans do not wish to take any risk of compromising their post war or gan izationLinto the hands of a man who is alrea dy knovm to . the British.an adgress which could lead t o its discovery.

They have put forward a plan fm · contacting IMMORTALthrough ' a ' cut-out at a Ca:fe in Madrid where Il.1MORTAL is instructed to put i n an appearance once a week until contact . is made.

Thi~ plan presupposes that Il-lMORT.AL will have reached Spain by By this plan they would be able t o wat ch I MM:ClRTAL 's movenent s and June 4t'tl. be sure that hel was not being follm7ed before they risked making contact.

It is therefore a plan which is not acceptable to us and in the event of their them we will have to work failin g to g ive us an address where we can contact on the basi;; that Agent No. 3 will be kept informed of the whereabouts of Ili!MOR T.AL and that _ if they wish to g et hold of him they mu.'3t get the address from Agent No. 3 whose cover address in the U.K. they ha~e been given.

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2.

It will be recalled that IMMORTAL was smuggled out of Portugal when he came here in 1942.

Enquiries have been made of P .c. o., Lisbon as to the ris k which IM?JQ.'R. TAL would ruri if lie now returns to Spain by ail:- via Portugal He is of the opinion that the P ortuguese Police would tmder his own name. almdst certainly have records agai nst him far- havin g le.ft th e country clandestinely. !:!e therefore s ugge sts that IMMORTALshould be smuggled back into Por tugal clandestinely and passed through P ortugal into Spain tmder t heir care.

This plan is not acceptable because Il'lMORTAL,.,ould · then be involved in complic ations with the Spanish police whose records show that he left Spain in 194,1.

Were he therefore to reappear without havin g entered regularly his security in Spain would be endangered.

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The plan for sending him to Spain direct from the U. K. has been considered.

It has the disadvantage that he would be entered in Spain Exit Fermi t.

This conflicts as having come fran the u. K. with a British m.th his notional position here.

4.

If be were to enter Portugal clandestinely to reappear as if be had never left that country he would have to accot.mt to Portugu ese P olice for not having made peyment of the requisite re fees as a fareigner and explain how and where he had been livin g in Pcn.·tugal. period of his silence

there the gistration durin g the

5. t His position has been further complicated by information which has been brought to light through the War Room Monthly Sununary Noo l of the 15.4.45 reference S.F. 52/10/29 para. J4 f'ran which is learnt that at least one section workin g with the KdM Spain has · handed over part of its reserve funds and details t of its stay behind network to the Spanish General Staff.

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6.

If we are to prepare Dll!OORTAL for work in Spain a long basis we must ensure tba.t he is able to g ive the Spaniards a cover to the story which he will tell which should not be in contradiction Germans.

At too same time his entry into Spain must be legal and not proceed there direct f'rom the U.K. where he is believed by the to be black listed. · ·

term story the he must Germans

7.

It s eems that these conditions can be fulfilled providing we are prepared to allow him to delay for some three months his appearance in Spain.

During this period he would notionally be smuggled out of the U.K. There he would be by his seaman Agent No. 7 who would get him to Canada . , who would facilitate his journey helpe d by his Venezuelan agent, ll!DONBEAM I MMOR TAL would become to Venezuela or sane other Latin .American COllll.try.

In a resident of that country and there obtain a new Spanish passport. :eosses sion of this he i'Tould anbark in an .American part on a Spanish ship and sail direct to a Spanish part where he would make a legal entry into Spain on his new pasi;;part.

His journey from .America to Spain would not, we envisage, take place until about September by when it would be reasonable to suppooe that the British m>uld not b,e watching out fer him on the .American/ Spanish sea routes, particularly as we are supposed to believe that DvliviORTAL. escaped f'rom t~e u.K. to Spain several ·months ago. · 8.

To implanmt this plan it would be necessary far Dl!MORTALto g o t ~ the u,s .A. and thence to some Latin .American country, to be - selected.

His in August .

He would present Spanish passport issued in London expires therefore, on application to a Spanish Consul abroad, be issued with a new if he ensured that his present passport was :filled passport , particularly up by the numerous Immigration stamps and visas which w~d be required to transit through the numerous Central American Republics.

In possession of his new passport he would proceed to Spain by sea, where he should arrive during September by ' when it mey be assumed that the Germans will have started to get themselves organized if ever they are to do so.

III.

. . lliE&TINGHELD OH THE 11.5045.

TO DISCUSS D1MORTAL'SFUTUREPLANS.

1.

At a meeting held between Stuart, Bristow, _ and ieyself the above plans were discussedo Stuart was asked his opinion as to the likelihood of the Germans having access to ·spanish Security records.

He replied that it was his opinion that KUHLENTHAL would be able, and discover the should he so desire, to check up through the Spaniards method by wh;ich I1lli!DRTALhad entered Spaino He expressed the vie., that since the Spaniards alreacy knew so much about the activities of the in German r.s. the tendency on the part of the Germans would be to confide the Spaniards more than they have already done.

The plan for smding D1MORTALto Spain via Lisbon, where, on his arrival, he would tell the Germans the cover story that he had passed through France and entered Spain clandestinely over the Pyrenees, was outlined to the meeting and it - 2 -

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was decided

that

it would be dangerous

to put this plan into practice. a"1>«-J 2.

Para. II sub. paras.

6, 7 and 8/vrere read to the meeting and it was a.greed that this course should be adopted.

Mastennan raised the point that D&roRTAL's quick arrival in Madrid was of considerable impat"tance and should not be overlooked.

He expressed the view that the longer his deley the greater the risk of losing contact with whatever sectiet organization might be established.

He agreed, however, that DJMORTAL 's security was the first consideration and s~ges ted that his arrival in Madrid via Central .America might be hastened.

I said that th.at this would depend on the spped with which he could get the necessary visas and travel facilities.

The first consideration would be to get him a visa for his place of destination as once this was obtained the transit visas were likely to be relatively easy.

3.

I proposed that in the first place I should endeavour to assist D,1t.[)RrALin obtaining a visa for Bolivia.

I am on fairly close terms of friendship with the Bolivian Consul and I could introduce nt40RTAL to him as a Spanish resident in this country who has fUI1ds here which he wishes to invest in a South American cotmtry and sey that I had reccmnended that he should try his future in Bolivia.

4.

If the Bolivian visa were granted in this wa:y D.1MORTAL would then with our assistance apply for a U.S. transit visa and transit visas for Mexico , Guatemala , San Salvador , Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru.

He would travel by fast boat to the U.S.A. and possibly fly on to Mexico .

He could stop off at acme of the Central .American Republics en route, and endeavour to get a new passpcrt issued to him.

A:3 soon as he succeeds, he would then proceed to the nearest fran which sailin gs to Spain ·were being made.

It port in Latin-America is hoped that he would not have to travel as fa:b as Boll via befcre he is able to get a new passport.

To assist him in this objective it would which couid bi,. be arranged for a telegram to reach him on his travels despatched by s. I.S. in Spain£to urge his immediate return for family reasons. .Armed with this he should be able to induce some Spanish Consul on the grol.mds that his old one, already nearly to eive him a new passport full and approaching "its expiry date, would not serve him f'or his journey on to Spain.

5.

The meeting agreed that subject to the approval of D.B., this plan should be put into motion and that every effort should be made to ensure DJ1DRTAL's arrival in Madrid at the earliest possible date having regard ~o the complications and deleys which mey be anticipated :in undertaltirtg a journey of this length.

6.

The plan outlined above was submitted to D.B. on·the 11.5.45 for to Spain via his approval.

He has authorized us to proceed , to get IMMORTAL the .Americas in accordance with t the plan .

"IV.

IHt ORTAL' S CONTACT r'TITHTHE BOLIVIAN CONSUL-GENERAL.

On the 14.5.45 I telephoned Senor Luis ROMERO,the Bolivian ConsulGeneral to warn him that a f'riend of mine, a Spaniard, would be getting in touch with him in connection with his proposed visit to Bolivia.

He said of mine his personal that I could rest assured that he would give any friend help. :lliMORT.AL called at the Legation and was well received

by ROME:EW who said that befcre he could grant the visa he would have to write out to his Foreign Office for pennissicn .

At IMMORTAL' s suggestion he undertook to cable out and to ask for a reply by the same method.

At II\Y suggesticn Il!WRT.AL represented himself to ROMEROas a personal friend of mine of rna.n,t years standing and as a collector of' works of art who has ma.de several acquisitions f'rom II\Y Galleries.

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TOP SECRET

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~ted I have put on paper the plan which I discussed with you yesterday .

For purposes of reference I have called it PLAN PREMIUM.

Should you, ai'ter considering it, decide that it has possibilities, I would have to discuss it with GARBOwith whom I had a preliminary talk many- months a.go when the idea first crone to rzy mind and from ,vhom I did not get a very good response at the time. would exist as difficult contemplated

which GARBOis 1'ully aware of the dangers and difficulties in an under-taking to penetrate the Russians and a plan this, were it to reach its final stages , could not be except with an a.gent of his calibre .

GARBOhas , at the back of his mind , the belief that he will eventually conto.ct the Russians through the Germans .

He believes that elements of the present Nazi p arty will go over to, and be accepted by, the Russians, and that the latter will eventually control an Intellieence Service rtm by Germans abroad , who they ·will use as cover for their own activities .

He therefore is inclined to prefer to await developments rather than to force the pace.

On v arious occasions GARBOhas expressed his belief that it will be of the utmost importance to penetrate Russian activities ebroad and I have no doubt that he would co - operate to the best of his ability in caITying out any plan which you recommend .

T. Harris .

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PLAN FREl IIU1

I. Russian

II.

SECRET

OBJECT. To make long - tenn I. S.

preparations

for

the recruitment

of GARBOby the

FIRST PHASE.

GAR..;.""3O should ma.k-e his existence knO\m to the Russians , he should not , however, disclose his identity or endeavour to get himself' recruited at this stage .

To achieve this he should , prior to his departure horn the U. K., write en anonymous letter to the Military Attache at the :3oviet :E)nbassy, London , in which he will outline the history of his work as a British Spec ial Agent .

He will state that he had worked f or t he British against the Germans because he had believed that a British victory would bring about the downfall of the Franco rerTime in Spain nnd re - establish the Reuublic .

He will say that having ful filled his part of the bargain with the British it was novr apparent that the latter wer e not only avoiding steps which mi~h t bring about Franco ' s overthrow was due but ;,ere apparently maintaining him in Spain .

This he now suspected to "'>{ritish fear of the spread of Connnunist influence to the Weste rn Hedi terraneen .

He will say that he is about to be sent on a mission by the British to Spain and that before his departure he had decided to bring his activities to the notice of the Russians as he was determined to see the overthrow of the present Spanish regime brought about and as he now antic i pated that this would only be possible when Russiru1 influence was brought to bear he had decided to int r oduce himself to them in this irregulaxmanner so that they should at least know of his existence , antic ip ating that his interests would becane identical with those of the Russians at a later date when they might be able to be of mutual service As a proof of his bona fides he would gi ve them his cypher and to one mother . transmittine plan so that they could monitor the British controlled traffic of his notional a.gents durinr.r his absence .

III.

RUSSB.N REACTIONS .

1.

On recei pt of GARBO ' s information the Russians may suspect a provocation in which case we would have to be prepar ed for an app roach by the Russians who would lay the information they had r ecei ved before us .

In these circumstances we would presumably claim the agent as ours .

Ve would pr aise his work for us in the hi ghest terms and show great concern abou t this incident .

Ve would auarantee that his sympathies are anti-German and anti - Fascist but admit that like all Spaniards his primary in terest is in what he believes to be the uelfare of his m•m country . ie would suggest that since we have so much at stake in the fulfilment of GARBO ' s present mis s ion in Spain we consider that we would have more to lose by brealdng with him on account of the incident then if we continued to use him .

To break with GARBOwould , furthermore, suggest to him that the Russians must ha v e disclosed the incident to us .

Vie would ask the Russians to keep us infonned should there be any further developments .

In fact there would be none as several years would be all°'red to elapse before GARBOwould again make contact with the Russians .

2.

They may take no action at all on the information .

In this event vre have sewn the seed so that if at a far distant date GARBOshould make contact with the Russians , probo.bly somewhere abroad , he would be able to identify written in London which would no doubt be himself a.s the author of the letter available fer reference .

Thus it is envisaged he would have a greater chance of r,etting himself quickly and firmly recruited then mir•ht otherwise be possible .

3.

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3.

They mi~ht endeavotn:' to invest:i..rrate without our lmowledge throU[·h channels available to them in bpain nnd elsewhere in order to it would :i..dentify the writer . .Jhould they succeed in ident ifyinri: h:i..111 not be detrcl!len tal to our plans . ::;hould they then make a direct a.:_)proach to rec:nui t him , our objective would be achieved and the initiative would pass to them .

IV .

~OND

PHASE.

1.

Hating brou~ht nis activities to the notice of the Russi.ans a suitable opportunity would be o.wa:i.. ted for him to endeavour to make contact and to 7 et himself recruited to work for them.

We should be prepared to wait a number of years if necessary .

Such an opportunity were to be in opain at the time of the fall might present itself if C.\R."130 of the ~anco rec:i..me. · Assumini;,: that G\RBO is obliged, in the :i..ntere::;ts himself to some extent with the supporters of of our work, to associate Franco his personal security might be endan.rered if the overthrow of Fr u co's re,:rime were brollf'ht about by violence. rt mi~ht be necessary r',.~t=\O to escape f'rom Spanish terr:i.. tary \ll1less we were for us to assist pre1 ared to confide (",\RBO' s activities in the Government which succeeds Franco, and this is unlikely .

To maintain the security of the case he to would not be able to come to En~land ana the most lik-ely countries which he mi~ht escape would be France or Canada .

Such circt.UJ1Stances would present him with an ideal opportunity far makinrr an approach to the Russians .

His story would be that the British were unwillin g to protect him in Spain by disclosing to the new Span ish authorities the true nature of the ,vork which he had been doing because it did not suit th eir interests to do so .

G.uIBO ,,ould realize that to attempt to convince the Spanish authorities without British su1part would be a waste of ti.me .

His approach would be with intent to ask the Russians for their assistance to reinstate him in Left 1{ing circles in his own count r y .

2.

In pu ttina forth this suggestion it is impossible to envisage ' s approach to the the circtnnstances which may exist at the time of GARBO Russians in the second phase of this plan , but in considering the advisability of implementing the first phase of the plan it might be argued that we would have nothing to lose by so doing with the exception tho.t '7e -rrould be making a gift to the Russians of the methods which .-,e have anployed in running a special agent net.vork and the part which special a7ents have played in deception . l'resumably the deception plan vras disclosed to the Russi.ans at the time of tbe Controller ' s vi sit to Moscow.

3.

If the inf'ormation which we would as envisaged in the first phase of this plan a high grade Russian double a.gent who at the · operate as a German double ~ent the possibil achieved would be considerable .

It has the would be able to maintain contact with both rec:rui tnent by the Russians .

B. l. G.

be imparting to the Russians \vere instrumental in creating same time might continue to ities of valuable work being further advantage that GARBO us and the Germans a.f'ter his

T. Harris .

25.4-. 4-5.

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Carta

No. 40 .

12 . 4 . 45 . (Cont . )

Ahora bien si el plan que tienen los de aqui para dejar salir a mi esposa es el que menciono al principio , habra por nuestra parte de tomarse ciertas medidas de preoteocion que en oa..so oontrario pueden perjudioar a mi esposa o a la teroera persona que pudiera verse oomplioada en el asunto .

He refiero a que mi esposa debe llegar en Espana oompletamente desconooida por ustedes .

Esto es de esencial importanoia porque si mi esposa esta estreohamente vi gil ida por los agentes in gleses que estan morodeando por Espana es natural que todos sus po.sos y todas sus amistades estaran controlada.s .

E este respecto tengo dadas ordenes extrictas a mi esposa de lo que debe decir o representar en Espana a las amistades que pregunten que hacia yo en Inglaterra y como ha re~esado ella sola a Espana y en fin toda una serie de pequenas consideraciones que hay que tener en cuenta para su prop ia seguridad .

Yo estoy seguro que mi esposa no intentara por ningun medio pone rse en contacto con nadie de ustedes aunque una vez me dijo que queria deoir cuatro "verdades" a Federico porque la habia enganado cuando se entrevisto con el en Madrid, pues dice que le dijo que yo no corria peligro al3uno porque estaba respaldn.do diplcmaticamente pero que los hechos hrul sido muy distintos .

Esto naturalmente lo dijo en un memento de y dolorida por el terrible trance de tenerse que ver en un pais ofuscacion e>..'iirano separada de mi pero ahora con mas calma y basada en las instrucoiones ni les comprcmetera en lo que le dare estoy segurisimo que no les molestara mas minimo ; mas aun , si se tropezara en las calles de l.!adrid con Federico le dire que haga el papel como si no lo hubiera conooido en toda su vida . 'l a.::;unto financiero en Espana no me preocupa por el memento pues del dinero que posee mi cunado de las remesas mandadas por ustedes a el .Asi pues por esta parte tampoco puede mi esposa ir sacando lo que necesite . es necesario que ustedes tanpan que tener la molestia de cuidarse en remitir fondos qu een ca.so de investigaciones seria mey peligroso ahora que los ingleses estaran buscando p or todos los Jiiedios una trama para hundirme .

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REASONS FOR RETURNING-TO SPAilf .

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It should be explained that for reasons of ill health and the consequEflt inability to look after the children you are returning to Spain to rejoin your mother and faJ'lily.

The Exit Permit was thus granted by the British authorit i es on compassionate grotmds . (b)

For your family

and friends

.

You should explain that _you decided to return to Spain to be reunited with your family .

You may say that you had decided to return now rather than to wait until the end of the war as you anticipated that at a later date vmen there would be greater f'reedcm of travel the deleys in getting travel acconrnoda tion would be considerable.

II.

REFERENCETO YOURHUSBANDAND YOURABSEHCEFROMSPAIN. (a)

For the Spanish

authorities

.

If you are asked about your husband's occupation and activities you should say that he is a ,n·iter and that he left Portugal with the intention of going to Canada and then on to South .America but that on his arrival in to get the necessary permit to enter England he fotmd that it was impossible this .

If you are asked Canada but that he is now more hopeful of obtaining what he has been doing since he has been in England you should say that he has been translating English novels into Spanish for a South Ameri can publisher , and that this occupation had provided a means of livelihood during the period of his stay in tnis cotmtry.

Should you be asked whether you or your husband have had contact with Spanish Republicans here you should reply that your husband is not politically minded and that his only interest is to care far his family and build up for his future .

Should you be asked what means of livelihood you will have in Spain when separated from your husband you should reply that you will be livin g with your family who will support you . (b)

For your

family

and :friends .

You should say that whilst you were in Portugal your husband made m.th a South .American exporter of minerals ~ and that after having friends Frcm 1mtered into business negotiations with him you went to Venezuela. there you negotiated certain transactions with England and that after a while your husband obtained visas to come to this countr y in order to be able to deal direct with the English buyers on behalf of the South A1!lerican firm.

You should say that your husband is still working in England in this connection III.

YOUR IllPRESSIONS OF ENGLAND.

You should always bear in mind that amongst the contacts you make in Spain there may be a person who is in contact with the Germans.

Your as much as possible and references to England should therefore be restricted confined to gene ralizations .

You should avoid any tendency to show either any pro-English or pro -German sympathies .

There is no harm in your stating true dcmestic facts about England, such as the rationing system, the shortage of danestic staff, the cost of living etc .,

IV.

l fADRID/

/

., ..)

© Crown Copyright

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The National Archives' reference KV-2-4211_ 115.jpg

IT.

MADRID.

On your arrival in Madrid you should inmediately proceed to the hotel at which your brother is sta;ying where you should limit your stay to 24 hours .

You should then proceed to Lugo where, af'ter a stay of three or four weeks it would be advisable that you should travel in order to avoid the possibility of the Germans in any way controlling your activities .

Dlring your absences :f'rom Lugo whilst travelling it is most advisable to that you should avoid passing through Madr:td whenever it is possible do so, should it be necessary for reasons of cammm.ication to pass through Hadrid you should limit your stay there to the minimum time required for transiting.

V.

EXPENSES Di SPAIN.

To avoid the ccmplications and dangers which would exist in sending money from this cO\mtry to you in Spain it is understood that your husband will make arrangements through your brother to make available funds which you will require in Spain.

VI.

CONTACTWI'IH '!HE GERMANS.

that In the interests of your personal security it is most advisable you should avoid all contact with the Germans . steps have been taken to advise the Germans that they should make no attempt to contact you and they have been told that arrangements have been made through your brother to provide you with funds for your maintenance and we are satisfied that they will make no attempts to contact you.

Should you by chance during the 24 hours that you are to stey in Hadrid ih transit to Lugo cane across FEDERICO in the streets or elsewhere you should ignore him.

This they would expect you to do since they have been informed that your feelings towards them are hostile since you hold them responsible for having brought about all your misfortunes and those of your husband .

VII.

CONTACTTIITH THE BRITISH.

Before your departure you will be given an address and a telephone number in Madrid where you can make contact with a responsible representative who will be infonood about you in advance.

It is essential , both for your own security and that of the work, that you should avoid making use of this facility unless you had reason to believe that your personal safety was in danger, or some serious situation arose which made it essential for you to seek assistance.

VIII.

Addresses

in England.

Should you be called upon by the Spanish authorities to furnish the addresses of your residences in :E}lgland you should sey that your first address was 55, Elliot Road,London .

That you then moved to .Amerden Priory , Taplow , and lastly your address was Chatley Court Hotel, Belsize Gl'ove, London (the address of Miss PHILLIPS).

You may al.so give the address where you stayed in Bournemouth but you must on NO account disclose the address of 35, Crespigny Road, Hendon.

IX.

CORRESPONilZNCE.

You should avoid correspondence to any of your friends in England. in Spanish Censorship , It is known that the Germans: have influential contacts and therefore when writing to your husband your letters should be typed and addressed to · s.. ·]Jjps, Chatley Cout:t Hot~l , Belsize Grove, London , N.W.3o and signed with a false name and address and. mailed from a postal area outside Lugo .

Care should be taken that your identity or that of your husband can not be discovered :f'rom the contents of the text •

...

© Crown Copyright