HUNGER STRIKE FOR JUSTICE A CALL OF AN END OF THE INHUMAN ARREST
“ To all free men all around the world, to those who firmly stand against injustice and all its hideous forms, here’s my outcry. It’s has been a year now that I suffer from the bitterness of being unjustly imprisoned in Egyptian prisons, without committing any crime. I am being prosecuted in a politically biased court, controlled by the military’s wishes instead of law. In my country, all human rights have been violated. We are ruled by the law of the jungle. In a time where people from all over the world fight for animals rights, I struggle to find someone who stands for his fellow human being in my country. Do we live in a time where people only care about themselves without being concerned by humanity? This hunger strike is not for my own freedom but for the freedom of my whole country, Egypt. It is all I can do. I am asking for your support, for strong words against injustice.”
EGYPTIAN STRIKER
01
HUNGER STRIKE BATTLE PROJECT AIM & OBJECTIVES PROBLEMS & DATA REPRESENTATION
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GAP IN JUSTICE HUNGER STRIKE
There are hundreds of people suffering from inhuman arresting condition as well unjust trails, a lot of them entered a hunger strike as a state of objection trying to get a fair trial and grab the global attention to their case. Though hunger strike is a time-honored but desperate way for prisoners and political activists to attract attention to their cause.
HUNGER STRIKE FOR FREEDOM MOVEMENT
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HUNGER STRIKE
WAYS OF DATA REPRESENTATION Data distribution according to the type and place of the strike,gender and number of days: In egypt 140 entered a hunger strike, among them 86 are imprisoned while 54 are in solidarity with the cause.
pinpointing the hunger strike effects on human body: 1-Damage to muscle tissue (after approximately 4 weeks) 2-Weakening of bones (after approximately 4 weeks) 3-Hallucinations / Dementia (after approximately 3 weeks) 4-Potentially permanent brain damage (after approximately 4 to 5 weeks)
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HUNGER STRIKE SOME IMPORTANT FACTS Famous Figures on the Strike Mohamed Soltan whose health has sharply worsened after more than 230 days on hunger strike, Other famous detainees on hunger strike include the well-known blogger Ahmed Douma, who is serving a three year prison sentence for defying Egypt’s draconian protest law. Also among them is Sanaa Seif, a well-known activist who has been on hunger strike since 28 August 2014. Her father, the tireless human rights lawyer, Ahmed Seif al-Islam,She is on hunger strike in protest at the authorities’ refusal to allow her to spend some time with her father in his final days. Outside of prison, at least 54 activists and human rights defenders are on hunger strike in solidarity with those in detention including Sanaa’s sister, Mona Seif and Aida Seif El Dawla, executive director at al Nadeem Center for Rehabilitation of Victims of Violence. First Reported Death The first reported death of a detainee on hunger strike is mohamed samy el komy ( 6 april activist) who had been on hunger strike for 30 days .
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METHODOLOGY HUNGER STRIKE
Historical research and qualitative methods will be used : Study how hunger strikes being used through history as a method of non-violent resistance or pressure.Comparing such results with our country to reflect the amount of oppression the prisoners are subjected to
pinpointing the hunger strike effects on human body: 1-Damage to muscle tissue (after approximately 4 weeks) 2-Weakening of bones (after approximately 4 weeks) 3-Hallucinations / Dementia (after approximately 3 weeks) 4-Potentially permanent brain damage (after approximately 4 to 5 weeks)
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RESEARCH RESULTS HUNGER STRIKE
THE ORIGIN OF HUNGER STRIKE Hunger strikes looks to be an old practice, In India the practice of a hunger protest, where the protester fasts at the door of an offending party (typically a debtor) in a public call for justice is ancient, going back to around (400 to 750 BC)
A CALL OF JUSTICE
06
RESEARCH RESULTS HUNGER STRIKE COMMON MYTHS • Hunger strike is the act of fasting to provoke feelings of guilt in others, usually with the objective to achieve a specific goal, such as a policy change. Most hunger strikers will take liquids but not solid food. • Surprisingly people don’t know what hanger strike really is, for most of them hunger strike is not to eat and drink, and when they hear stories about people who are in hunger strike for over 300 days, the first reaction is, is it possible? they are cheating
07
RESEARCH RESULTS HUNGER STRIKE
• Hunger strike for some culture doesn’t provoke the intended feeling of guilt, for some hunger strike is a suicidal attempt that is prohibited in islam. • Hunger strike held by prisoner is not the only context as most Egyptian assume, throughout history it has been used for different purpose. Ghandi used it to stop the war between muslims and hindus, Workers use it to take their rights, for example the cultural workers in turkey prepare for hunger strike over underemployment as we talk right now
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PROBLEMS HUNGER STRIKE
SHORT TERM SOLUTION • Hunger strike as a method of objection is not known in the egyptian culture that’s why it’s effect is not high (Sultan 300 days with no impact ), so in-order for hunger strike message to take place it needs to be pushed to the cultures that understand it (western cultures), which in return will create pressure on the egyptian government. (Fast solution).
TIMES
AMNESTY
HRW
09
PROBLEMS HUNGER STRIKE
LONG TERM SOLUTION 1-People don’t understand what hunger strike really is, My goal is to create awareness of different types of hunger strike , how it take place as well giving awareness of the medical implications that people under hunger strike have. 2-Misunderstanding cause people to think they are cheating Due to the unawareness of the nature of the hunger strike and the types of it people perceive that being on more than 300 days is considered cheating, not knowing that once you declare you are on hunger strike you are being monitored from a medical committee to announce whether you released your strike or not.
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PROBLEMS HUNGER STRIKE
LONG TERM SOLUTION 3-Some see hunger strike as a suicidal attempt which is prohibited in the islamic culture, my goal is to show that people in hunger strike pass through different phases some are with a controlled risk, as well creating awareness of their message and why they choose to go in hunger strike in the first place. 4-People don’t see hunger strike as a successful way of non-violent pressure to take their rights, that is why highlighting the successful hunger strikes throughout history is important.
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HUNGER STRIKE BATTLE THE DATA GATHERING PHASE UPDATED IN 29-09-2014 AT 3PM GMT+2
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HUNGER STRIKE
INSIDE THE PLACE OF DETENTION Detailed discription of hunger strikers inside places of detention, updated till 29-09-2014 05:00pm Start of hunger strike Days of hunger strike Date of arrest Days of arbitrary detention Name of detainee Popular name Place of detention Occasion of arrest Legal status No of case or hearing Charges Occupation Notes Legal registration of hunger strike Link to start of hunger strike (in arabic) Link to picture of hunger striker
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HUNGER STRIKE
OUTSIDE THE PLACE OF DETENTION Report of the Committee for the medical follow-up advertisers for their hunger strike outside places of detention Start of hunger strike Days of hunger strike Name of striker Popular name Occupation Occasion of arrest Case if previously arrested Charges Legal registration of hunger strike Link to start of hunger strike Link to picture of hunger striker Medical follow up ( Blood pressure )
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HUNGER STRIKE
OUTSIDE THE PLACE OF DETENTION Report of the Committee for the medical follow-up advertisers for their hunger strike outside places of detention Start of hunger strike Days of hunger strike Type of hunger strike Name of striker Legal registration of hunger strike Link to start of hunger strike Medical follow up ( Blood pressure )
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HUNGER STRIKE BATTLE FAMOUS FIGURES THROUGH HISTORY FROM 1909 TO 2014 INCIDENTS & EVENTS
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FAMOUS FIGURES WENT ON HUNGER STRIKE
The first suffragette to go on hunger strike in 1909. was
MARION WALACE
91 HRS FEMALE STRIKER
charged “with wilfully damaging the stone work of St. Stephen’s Hall, House of Commons, by stamping it with an indelible rubber stamp, doing damage to the value of 10s. Wallace-Dunlop was found guilty of wilful damage and when she refused to pay a fine she was sent to prison for a month She was released from Holloway prison after 91 hours of fasting
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FAMOUS FIGURES WENT ON HUNGER STRIKE
Mahatma Gandhi went on several hunger strikes in his
GANDHI
21 DAYS
life. In the fall of 1924, he underwent a three-week fast in an attempt to reconcile warring factions of Hindus and Muslims that had grown apart since he’d been in prison. He used fasting liberally as a way to make a political statement and call attention to his crusade for political equity. In 1932, when the Indian government established separate electorates for “untouchables,” Gandhi underwent a six-day hunger strike that led to more equal arrangements.
MALE STRIKER
03
FAMOUS FIGURES WENT ON HUNGER STRIKE
An island in Table Bay, not far from Cape Town, Robben
NELSON MANDELA
07 DAYS
Island was originally used by the Dutch administration in the 17th and 18th centuries as a prison for political prisoners. Later it became a haven for the chronically sick. From the 1960s Robben Island became the site of a prison where Nelson Mandela and other political prisoners, notably anti-apartheid activists, were incarcerated. Conditions in the prison were poor but after a hunger strike in 1966 against prison conditions, these were improved. Many of the inmates studied while imprisoned. Mandela
MALE STRIKER
and several others were moved to Pollsmoor on the mainland in 1982. After the last prisoners left in 1996 the island was converted into a heritage site and has become a major tourist attraction.
04
FAMOUS FIGURES WENT ON HUNGER STRIKE
A volunteer with the IRA, Bobby Sands became famous
BOBBY SANDS
66 DAYS
for leading a hunger strike in the Maze prison in 1981. In March of that year, Sands began the strike with a simple refusal of food. He also decided that other prisoners should perform hunger strikes at staggered intervals to draw out the strike and create maximum impact. One of the things that made Sands such a famous hunger striker was the fact that he actually ran for and won position as a Member of Parliament in the United Kingdom, an event that prompted the British government to pass the Repre-
MALE STRIKER
sentation of the People Act, which bars prisoners serving a term longer than one year from being nominated in elections. Sands’s strike last 66 days before he died; he was 27 years old. His death sparked riots, and more than 100,000 lined his funeral route.
05
FAMOUS FIGURES WENT ON HUNGER STRIKE
He was a towering figure in the farm labor movement and
CESAR CHAVEZ
36 DAYS
the co-founder of the National Farm Workers Association, which would eventually become the United Farm Workers. In 1965, Filipino American farm laborers in Delano, California, initiated a strike for better wages, and Chavez supported them and soon led grape pickers on a march to the state capitol. The strike would run for five years. In 1968, Chavez underwent a 25-day hunger strike to drive the point home, and his actions helped turn the tide of the legislative battle in favor of the workers. In 1989, Chavez
MALE STRIKER
participated in another hunger strike, this one lasting 36 days, which he called his “Fast for Life� and used to protest the use of dangerous pesticides on farms.
06
FAMOUS FIGURES WENT ON HUNGER STRIKE
The 1989 student protests in China’s Tianenmen Square
TIAENMEN STUDENTS
07 DAYS
are largely remembered today for the iconic image of a lone man standing in front of a row of tanks. But the protests, which ran for weeks, also included the use of mass hunger strikes as people took to the square to protest a host of issues. In May, a group of 100,000 students and workers marched to demand better communication between the government and student-elected representatives. When the government rejected their requests, hundreds of students responded by going on hunger strikes
MASS HUNGER STRIKE
for one week. Their activities in turn inspired students at campuses nationwide, and the hunger strikes helped them gain broader support while also showing to Chinese authorities just how serious these protests had become.
07
FAMOUS FIGURES WENT ON HUNGER STRIKE
In 2009, actress and activist Mia Farrow began a hunger
MIA FARROW
12 DAYS
strike to protest the conflict in Darfur. She also blogged about her experience and posted video updates to YouTube (though these have since been switched to private). Before beginning the fast, she wrote that she planned to go for three weeks without food, but a doctor put an end to her strike after 12 days, citing severe health risks. With her blood sugar plummeting, she passed off the hunger strike to Richard Branson, who took over for three days.
FEMALE STRIKER
08
FAMOUS FIGURES WENT ON HUNGER STRIKE
In March 2012, reports of a hunger strike at Guantรกnamo
GUANTANAMO BAY, CUBA
18 DAYS
Bay, the US detention camp in Cuba, began to surface. Details were sketchy and were contradicted by statements from the US military. The hunger strike ratcheted up steadily after that, peaking in early July, with 106 taking part and 46 force-fed at least some of their meals. The force-feeding of hunger-strikers has made global headlines and pressured President Barack Obama to act on a lapsed vow to shut down the camp on the U.S. Naval Base.
MASS HUNGER STRIKE
09
FAMOUS FIGURES WENT ON HUNGER STRIKE
On April 24, 2012 Palestinians under administrative de-
PALESTINIAN PRISONERS
60 DAYS
tention in Israeli jails launched a hunger strike demanding that Israel end the practice of holding Palestinians in prison without a trial. Initially some 125 detainees took part in the strike, though their numbers recently decreased to 80. Dozens of Palestinian prisoners, which are not under administrative detention, also joined the protest,which lasted for 2 months All in all, Israel Prison Service confirmed earlier this month that 290 prisoners and detainees were on hunger strike at the time. During
MASS HUNGER STRIKE
the strike, the inmates agreed only to drink water with vitamins, salt and sugar. 70 of them were hospitalized.
10
FAMOUS FIGURES WENT ON HUNGER STRIKE
For Palestinians, Khader Adnan has become a symbol of
KHADER ADNAN
66 DAYS
resistance and steadfastness, or sumoud, after he waged a 66-day hunger strike against the Israeli prison service. He began his hunger strike immediately after his violent arrest by Israeli soldiers on December 17, 2011. He was detained under what Israel calls “administrative detention”There are currently more than 4,500 Palestinian prisoners in Israeli jails, over 300 of those, in administrative detention. The next day of his arrest he began his hunger strike, Adnan’s hunger strike, which eventually attracted
MALE STRIKER
international media attention and solidarity from around the world, inspired other administrative detainees to go on hunger strike. Hana Shalabi went on strike for 43 days before she was released and deported from her village in the West Bank to Gaza. Five others are now in the Ramleh prison hospital, including Bilal Thiab and Thaer Halahleh, who have not eaten for 52 days.
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FAMOUS FIGURES WENT ON HUNGER STRIKE
In Saudi Arabia, two founders of a human rights organiza-
MOHAMED AL QAHTANI
08 DAYS
tion were refusing food to protest harsh conditions. The men have been imprisoned for nearly a year on charges such as “disobeying the ruler” and “inciting disorder.” Peaceful human rights activists have been routinely harassed, rounded up like criminals and often ill-treated in detention. Mohammad al-Qahtani and Abdullah al-Hamid were sentenced to 10 and 11 years in jail respectively on 9 March 2013. Both are co-founders of the Saudi Civil and Political Rights Association (ACPRA), one of the few orga-
MALE STRIKER
nizations in the country recording human rights violations and assisting families of detainees held without charge.
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HUNGER STRIKE BATTLE LONGEST STRIKES EGYPTIAN PRISON DATA UPDATED IN 07-11-2014 AT 5AM GMT+2
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EGYPTIAN PRISONERS WENT ON HUNGER STRIKE
SOLTAN
285 DAYS
6840 HRS
401 DAYS DET. Former Director for intitutional Development, Swan Petroleum Criminal court - pending sentence
Mohamed Soltan fell unconscious in a coma,in his 281st day of his hunger strike
01
EGYPTIAN PRISONERS WENT ON HUNGER STRIKE
Monday marked one year behind bars for United States
SOLTAN
285 DAYS
6840 HRS
Citizen Mohamed Soltan after being arrested on 25 August 2013 for acting as media liaison for the Muslim Brotherhood at the mass sit-in last summer outside the Rabaa Al-Adaweya Mosque in Cairo’s Nasr City.He was arrested 11 days later when security forces raided a friend’s apartment in which he was staying.In the period of investigations after his arrest, Soltan was moved around five different prisons and police stations. He was blindfolded and tortured several times, according to his family.
Former Director for intitutional Development, Swan Petroleum
Soltan, who was raised between Michigan, Ohio, Missouri, and Massachusetts, received his Bachelor’s degree in Economics from Ohio State University, and later moved to Cairo in 2013 to take care of his mother, who suffers from cancer. Soltan’s father, Salah Soltan, is a Muslim Brotherhood leader who is also imprisoned.
01
EGYPTIAN PRISONERS WENT ON HUNGER STRIKE
In a letter from Tora Prison addressed to American
SOLTAN
285 DAYS
6840 HRS
President Barack Obama, dated 16 November 2013 – his 26th birthday – Soltan described a surgery he had on his wounded arm. The operation was performed without anesthesia on the floor of his cell by a fellow inmate because he was denied medical care. Soltan pleaded Obama to intercede on his behalf for his release.On 26 January 2014, Soltan decided to go on hunger strike in protest of his illegal detention, the continuous postponement of his trial, and mistreatment inside Torah prison.His hunger
Former Director for intitutional Development, Swan Petroleum
strike has lasted for longer than 200 days, and in midJune he also refrained from drinking water for around 20 days. He eventually had to break his water-strike after consistent fainting incidents.
01
EGYPTIAN PRISONERS WENT ON HUNGER STRIKE
Throughout his hunger strike, Soltan has been in and out
SOLTAN
285 DAYS
6840 HRS
of the hospital a number of times. Often Egyptian prosecution would not allow him to make desperately needed visits to the hospital, or they would recall him to prison at times when he was in need of intensive care. “Mohamed’s health is deteriorating, he is unable to move, his [preexisting] blood clotting condition is completely mismanaged to a life threatening degree. He is still on strike, but is being held in [in prison] with my father. Medical staff comes by sporadically to take his vitals,
Former Director for intitutional Development, Swan Petroleum
nothing more,” said Hanaa Soltan.“My father is distraught over Mohamed’s condition. They are held in the same cell, so my dad is tasked with Mohamed’s medical care in the absence of real care.”
01
EGYPTIAN PRISONERS WENT ON HUNGER STRIKE
In mid-June, he was forcefully taken from his cell and temporarily moved to an unknown location.“The Minis-
SOLTAN
285 DAYS
6840 HRS
try of Interior brought a full SWAT force to my solitary confinement cell and carried me blindfolded to another prison cell where I was told I was going to die. I sat in my wheelchair in the middle of the cell and started praying,” Soltan told his family. While Soltan’s hunger strike has lasted for longer than 200 days, he is once again refraining from drinking water and has not had water in more than 10 days, according to the Free Soltan campaign.
Former Director for intitutional Development, Swan Petroleum
Soltan’s next hearing will take place on 3 September, after being postponed on 16 August.“His health continues to deteriorate as MOI forces him to attend all hearings against doctors’ recommendations,” according to the Free Soltan Facebook.No evidence has been presented for any of the charges against Soltan, said his family.
01
EGYPTIAN PRISONERS WENT ON HUNGER STRIKE
Mohamed Soltan fell unconscious on Monday, the 281st
SOLTAN
285 DAYS
6840 HRS
day of his hunger strike, according a statement posted to the Free Soltan Facebook page.He has been transferred to the prison’s intensive care unit, said the statement. His fellow detainees witnessed Soltan being rushed out of his cell to receive urgent medical care.Mohamed castigated the prison’s administration for deliberately neglecting Soltan’s health, accusing them of bearing the responsibility for his current condition, according to a statement published on the Freedom for the Brave Facebook page.
Former Director for intitutional Development, Swan Petroleum
His health has been deteriorating for months, but according to family he has received little medical care. It was previously reported that Soltan recently developed several blue marks under his skin, a sign of internal bleeding.In September, Amnesty International condemned Soltan’s treatment and warned that he was in critical condition. If Soltan was not transferred to a hospital soon, he was at risk of organ failure.
02
EGYPTIAN PRISONERS WENT ON HUNGER STRIKE
IBRAHIM YAMANY
204 DAYS
4896 HRS
410 DAYS DET. Doctor, PhysicianDetained from the field hospital in al fatih mosque events Criminal court - no trial scheduled
02
EGYPTIAN PRISONERS WENT ON HUNGER STRIKE
YAMANY
204 DAYS
4896 HRS
Dr Ibrahim Ahmed Mahmoud Mohamed El-Yamany, a medical doctor who was arrested along with 90 students from the field hospital established near Al-Fath Mosque on 16 August 2013, two days following the brutal armed dispersal of Mosy supporters’ sit in in Rabia Al-Adaweya Square. Dr El- Yamany spent more than 10 months in detention on remand, and 7 months without being presented before a court since 25 December 2013. The court has finally scheduled 16 July for his trial and 90
Doctor, PhysicianDetained from the field hospital in al fatih mosque events
other students in the same case. They were all accused of protesting, assembling and killing protesters and destroying private and public properties.
02
EGYPTIAN PRISONERS WENT ON HUNGER STRIKE
YAMANY
204 DAYS
4896 HRS
During his detention El-Yamany was severely tortured and placed in a solitary confinement for 20 days. He went on a hunger strike twice with a total of 177 days of hunger strike, protesting his arbitrary detention, torture and solitary confinement. Dr El-Yamany’s health has deteriorated severely in prison. He is suffering from acute renal failure and the amount of blood reaching the cardiac muscle is very low. Fellow detained doctors who monitor his condition, expect his near death should he not receive immedi-
Doctor, PhysicianDetained from the field hospital in al fatih mosque events
ate medical care. However, Prison administration decided to punish him for his ongoing hunger strike by preventing him from being transferred to the prison hospital. Prison administration further told him that they would only announce about his hunger strike after he dies in prison.
02
EGYPTIAN PRISONERS WENT ON HUNGER STRIKE
Human Rights Monitor (HRM) received a letter from Dr
YAMANY
204 DAYS
4896 HRS
El-Yamani’s family, which he wrote in prison appealing to the whole free world to stand in solidarity with him. “To all free men all around the world, to those who believe in freedom and respect and cherish ideals, to those who firmly stand against injustice and all its hideous forms, here’s my outcry. It’s has been a year now that I suffer from the bitterness of being unjustly imprisoned in Egyptian prisons, without committing any crime. I am being prosecuted in a politically biased court, controlled by the
Doctor, PhysicianDetained from the field hospital in al fatih mosque events
military’s wishes instead of law. In my country, all human rights have been violated. We are ruled by the law of the jungle. In a time where people from all over the world fight for animals rights, I struggle to find someone who stands for his fellow human being in my country. Do we live in a time where people only care about themselves without being concerned by humanity?
02
EGYPTIAN PRISONERS WENT ON HUNGER STRIKE
Through my letter I address you, who stand up for hu-
YAMANY
204 DAYS
4896 HRS
manity and for the rights of each and every human being. What if this human being is a doctor, whose humanitarian mission is respected by millions of people, curing the ill and saving the lives of the wounded? What if he was targeted, accused and put in prison without any fair trial because of his profession? Shouldn’t you be more interested in his case especially that he’s sick being on a long hunger strike? I have been fighting the battle of empty stomachs for more than 170 days. This hunger
Doctor, PhysicianDetained from the field hospital in al fatih mosque events
strike is not for my own freedom but for the freedom of my whole country, Egypt. It is all I can do. I am asking for your support, for strong words against injustice. In the end, I believe that my heartache will stop once my country is back. Soon we shall overcome and freedom, justice and dignity will prevail in my country. It is hope that keeps us alive and helps us stay.”
03
EGYPTIAN PRISONERS WENT ON HUNGER STRIKE
ABDULLA ALSHAMI
146 DAYS
3504 HRS
289 DAYS DET. Al Jazeera English Journalist Prosecution - extension of pretrial detention.
Al Jazeera English Journalist Released after 289 of detention due to public and international pressure
03
EGYPTIAN PRISONERS WENT ON HUNGER STRIKE
Shamy was one of 13 people freed on health grounds ,all
ABDULLA AL SHAMI
146 DAYS
3504 HRS
of whom were arrested when police dispersed Mursi supporters in northeast Cairo on Aug. 14 last year, the most violent day in Egypt’s recent history which left hundreds of people dead including dozens of police officers. Abdulla was among the media members who were trying to cover the ongoing events in Cairo. Egypt’s public prosecutor ordered the release on Monday on medical grounds of Al Jazeera journalist Abdullah Al-Shamy, who had been on hunger strike for more than 140 days in protest over his
Al Jazeera English Journalist
detention, a statement from the prosecutor’s office said.
03
EGYPTIAN PRISONERS WENT ON HUNGER STRIKE
In a letter that Al-Shami managed to smuggle out of
ABDULLA AL SHAMI
146 DAYS
3504 HRS
Egypt’s notorious Torah prison, he explained that he had no regrets and that he is proud of his work at the network: “I have made no offense against any human being, nor have I participated in falsification. My work attests to my integrity. My work is available on the Internet for those who want to see it.” Al-Shami also criticised those “journalists who choose to falsify the facts and cover up for violations against freedom and media.” The Egyptian authorities arrested Al-Shami, one of
Al Jazeera English Journalist
Al-Jazeera Arabic’s correspondents in Egypt, in August following their violent operation to disperse the sit-in at Rabaa Al-Adawiya Square in Cairo. Al-Shami began a hunger strike earlier in December in protest of his detention without charge. “I have completed 160 days of captivity without any charges,” he said.
03
EGYPTIAN PRISONERS WENT ON HUNGER STRIKE
The family of detained Al Jazeera journalist Abdullah
ABDULLA AL SHAMI
146 DAYS
3504 HRS
al-Shami has voiced concern that he is being pressured by Egyptian prison authorities to end his four-month-long hunger strike after photos emerged online in which he appears to be eating food. el-Shamy’s letter published by Mada-Masr last June read.“My name is Abdullah elShamy, I have been alive for about a quarter of a century, 8 months of which I spent between 4 walls inside a jail cell. All my days here were identical. “Tomorrow” doesn’t exist in here as life inside never brings anything new. 80
Al Jazeera English Journalist
days of my hunger strike have passed and I will not give up on my freedom. My story is not the story of one person, it’s the story of every one defending their right to write,”
04
EGYPTIAN PRISONERS WENT ON HUNGER STRIKE
AHMED ELMASRY
121 DAYS
2904 HRS
--- DAYS DET.
MOHAMED GHANDOR kidnapped from their way to home, -pending sentence
111 DAYS
2669 HRS
--- DAYS DET.
05
EGYPTIAN PRISONERS WENT ON HUNGER STRIKE
MAGDI KHALEFA
99
DAYS
2376 HRS
344 DAYS DET. Assistant professor, Faculty of Applied Arts Prosecution - extension of pretrial detention
06
EGYPTIAN PRISONERS WENT ON HUNGER STRIKE
HEND MUNIR
91 DAYS
2184 HRS
410 DAYS DET.
RASHA MUNIR They are sisters who had been arrested during Fateh mosque events -subjected to life sentence
91 DAYS
2184 HRS
410 DAYS DET.
07
EGYPTIAN PRISONERS WENT ON HUNGER STRIKE
AHMED SAKHAWY
86 DAYS
2064 HRS
123 DAYS DET.
IBRAHIM ELSISI They were both arrested from home -subjected to life sentence
78 DAYS
1872 HRS
273 DAYS DET.
08
EGYPTIAN PRISONERS WENT ON HUNGER STRIKE
DIAA MAHDY
76 DAYS
1824 HRS
Diaa was arrested from a coffee shop in tanta while karim & mo’men during Bolaq el dakror events . In case of Refaat & mohamed during cairo university events.
KARIM HANAFY
-Prosecution ,extension of pretrial
MOHAMED FAWZI
detention
MO’MEN HAMDI REFAAT SHAFEI
09
EGYPTIAN PRISONERS WENT ON HUNGER STRIKE
SANAA SEIF
71 DAYS
1704 HRS
101 DAYS DET. Student, Language and Translation, 6th October university.‘The Square’ documentary editor Court of misdemenor - pending sentence
09
EGYPTIAN PRISONERS WENT ON HUNGER STRIKE
Four years ago, The young Egyptian editor Sanaa Seif be-
SANAA SEIF
71 DAYS
1704 HRS
gan working on a documentary about the uprising called The Square. Earlier this year, it was nominated for an Oscar! In October 2014 Seif was sentenced to three years in prison in Cairo. Her crime was only protesting. Sanaa Seif, the jailed daughter of prominent human rights advocate and lawyer Ahmed Seif El-Islam, who died on Wednesday, has joined an ongoing hunger strike with several other prisoners and activists in Egypt to protest their ongoing detention, her sister has said.
Student, Language and Translation, 6th October university.‘The Square’ documentary editor
Seif, also the sister of leading activist and blogger Alaa Abdel-Fattah, who is also behind bars, was arrested over two months ago for her role in a demonstration against a controversial protest law that bans all but police sanctioned protests.
09
EGYPTIAN PRISONERS WENT ON HUNGER STRIKE
She began an open-ended hunger strike on Thursday to
SANAA SEIF
71 DAYS
1704 HRS
protest against the notorious law and the “unjust” detainment of thousands, her sister, Mona Seif - a prominent rights activist who co-founded an Egyptian movement against military trials of civilians - posted on Facebook on Friday.Their brother Abdel-Fattah, an icon of the 2011 uprising that toppled long-time autocrat Hosni Mubarak, was sentenced in June to 15 years in jail for breaching the widely criticised protest law. He is now facing a retrial. The imprisoned duo were granted permits to attend their
Student, Language and Translation, 6th October university.‘The Square’ documentary editor
father’s funeral on Thursday, accompanied by police, and were earlier allowed to visit their comatose father in hospital the week before he died.Abdel-Fattah, an oustpoken blogger who has been in and out of prison since the 2011 revolt, began a hunger strike on 18 August to protest his detainment.
10
EGYPTIAN PRISONERS WENT ON HUNGER STRIKE
MONA SEIF, LAILA SOUEIF
64 DAYS
1536 HRS
OUTSIDE PRISON Female activist cofounder of No military trials for civilian protesters. A Biology graduate student, working on the BRCA1 breast cancer gene.
University professor & political activist in the field of human rights and civil society ,Cofounder and a member of each of the working group for the independence of universities , and the Egyptian Association Against torture .
solidarity with her sister & brother
solidarity with her Son & Daughter
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EGYPTIAN PRISONERS WENT ON HUNGER STRIKE
AHMED DOMA
71 DAYS
1704 HRS
304 DAYS DET. Aprominent Egyptian activist and blogger, Amember of the Egyptian Popular Current. Appealed sentence: 3 years, 50 thousand LE fine
11
EGYPTIAN PRISONERS WENT ON HUNGER STRIKE
Douma was sentenced to three years in prison for vio-
AHMED DOMA
71 DAYS
1704 HRS
lating the Protest Law. He then joined hundreds of other detainees in a hunger strike demanding the cancelation of the contentious law, and the release of the thousands of detainees who were sentenced under its provisions. He also faces separate charges stemming from the December, 2011 clashes between security forces and protesters in front of the Cabinet building. Presiding Judge Mohamed Nagy Shehata postponed the last hearing in that trial, scheduled for late September, pending a deci-
Aprominent Egyptian activist and blogger, Amember of the Egyptian Popular Current.
sion on the defense team’s motion that Shehata recuse himself from the case.After adjourning the hearing, the judge notified the general prosecution, Health Ministry and Interior Ministry “not to transfer the defendant to any location without permission from the court.
11
EGYPTIAN PRISONERS WENT ON HUNGER STRIKE
The imprisoned activist Ahmed Douma is now in extreme-
AHMED DOMA
71 DAYS
1704 HRS
ly critical condition due to medical complications from his ongoing hunger strike, his wife Nourhan Hefzy said after visiting him in prison.Douma was nearly unconscious when His wife arrived to see him and he vomited three times during the short visit, according to a report published on the official page of the Freedom for the Brave campaign. Prison guards had to carry the activist to see his wife, as he was too weak to stand or walk.Hefzy does not know what measures the prison administration
Aprominent Egyptian activist and blogger, Amember of the Egyptian Popular Current.
plans on taking to address Douma’s failing health, What if Douma had entered a coma when the court was not in session? The decision means his life hangs on a thread.
05
HUNGER STRIKE TYPES HOW IT AFFECTS THE HUMAN BODY WORLD MEDICAL ASSOCIATION JOURNALS
00
HUNGER STRIKE
TYPES OF HUNGER STRIKE Three main types of “hunger strike” food ingestion need to be defined: ¬ DRY HUNGER STRIKE: no food or water of any kind… ¬ TOTAL HUNGER STRIKE: no solid food and only water, with or without salt… Normally this would mean also no sweetening of any kind either: i.e. no calories at all. ¬ PARTIAL HUNGER STRIKE: which means practically any other type of fasting than the two strict categories above.
DRY
TOTAL
PARTIAL
01
HUNGER STRIKE PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
Schematically, the following physiological events occur during total fasting (absorption of water only: around 1.5 - 3 l/day): ¬ Glycogen stored in the liver and in muscular tissue is the source of energy during the first few days of total fasting. Glycogen reserves are used up after 10 – 14 days. It is then that amino acids are called up to provide glucose through gluconeogenesis. ¬ The gluconeogenesis process leads to the massive breakdown of protein, i.e. muscle tissue, including the heart muscle tissue. ¬ Fatty acids coming from the breakdown of fat tissue (lipids) are broken down into ketones, which also provide energy. This phase begins early on in the fasting, and the ketosis suppresses hunger pangs after 2 – 3 days. ¬ Protein is catabolized but is “spared” by the body, providing only 10% of the energy source. Once all lipid reserves are used up, what remains of muscle tissue is tapped. This theoretically leads to a catastrophic situation, but other complications usually appear before this.
02
HUNGER STRIKE WEIGHT LOSS Weight loss: ¬ Significant weight loss occurs at the very beginning of total fasting, mainly from glucagon-induced loss of fluid (natriuresis). ¬ Medical monitoring is generally recommended after 10% weight loss in non-stout individuals, or once a Body Mass Index of 16.5 is reached9 ¬ Major problems arise roughly when weight loss is around 18 – 20 % of the initial weight.
03
HUNGER STRIKE SYMPTOMS FIRST WEEK: ¬ Fasting generally well supported, as long as water intake is sufficient ¬ Hunger pangs and stomach cramps disappear after the 2nd – 3rd day. 15-18 DAYS: ¬ The Hunger Striker suffers from dizziness and “feeling faint” ¬ Severe ataxia ¬ Standing up may become difficult to impossible ¬ Bradycardia ¬ Orthostatic hypotension ¬ “lightheadedness”or inversely “mental sluggishness” Due to electrolyte imbalance ¬ Sensation of cold ,Blood thyroxine levels remain stable throughout fasting, but tri-iodothyronine is converted rapidly into an inactive metabolite, thereby reducing thyroid function, and base metabolic rate. ¬ General sensation of weakness ¬ Fits of hiccoughs ¬ Loss of the sensation of thirst. Ideally, water should be supplemented with 1.5 g of NaCl per day (one half a teaspoon salt)
04
HUNGER STRIKE SYMPTOMS 18-30 DAYS: ¬ At the end of the first month, symptoms may be severe enough to warrant hospitalisation. Hydration needs to be particularly monitored. Too much supplement of NaCl may lead to hypokalemia. 35-42 DAYS: ¬ Troubles of ocular mobility due to progressive paralysis of the oculo-motor muscles: ¬ Uncontrollable nystagmus. ¬ Diplopia. ¬ Extremely unpleasant sensations of vertigo. ¬ incoercible vomiting. ¬ Extremely difficult to swallow water. ¬ Converging strabismus. This has been described as the most unpleasant phase by those who have survived prolonged fasting, and is the phase most dreaded by potential hunger strikers.
05
HUNGER STRIKE SYMPTOMS
ONE WEEK AFTER THE « OCULAR » PHASE: ¬ once paralysis of the oculo-motor muscles is total ==> nystagmus ceases and with it all associated problems (vertigo, vomiting…) FROM ~ 42 DAYS ONWARD : ¬ Progressive asthenia ¬ Torpitude ¬ increasiningly confused state ¬ Concentration becomes difficult or impossible ¬ Somnolent state ¬ Anosognosia ¬ indifference to surroundings ¬ incoherence At this stage, it is impossible to evaluate intellectual functions and to determine what the hunger striker’s state of mind is. Any decision made to ascertain what the hunger striker wants done by the medical staff at and after this stage will have to have been made beforehand!
06
HUNGER STRIKE SYMPTOMS
FURTHER EVEN MORE SERIOUS COMPLICATIONS FOLLOW: ¬ Loss of hearing ¬ Blindness13 ¬ Diverse forms of haemorrhage : gingival, gastro-intestinal, oesophagal ¬ The body “shuts down” progressively: extreme bradycardia, Cheyne-Stokes ¬ Respiration, all metabolic activity diminishes… BETWEEN 45 – 75 DAYS ¬ Death occurs from cardio-vascular collapsus and/or severe arrythmias Mainly due to acute depletion of thiamine (Vitamin B1)=> systolic heart arrest Hunger strikers by definition do not want to die. Political hunger strikers also fast for a cause, but in some cases are willing to accept death if they do not get it. The term “death fast” has been used increasingly in political hunger strikes, to designate a prisoner’s willingness to fast until death if necessary. The term is unfortunate, because it gives a foregone conclusion to the protest fasting. This is often reinforced by authorities, the media or even prisonersthemselves all – for different reasons – eager to proclaim the prisoners are going to “starve themselves to death”.
HUNGER STRIKE
07
SYMPTOMS
Depletion of stored glycogen Hydration
01
Hunger pangs disappear
20
05
Symptoms: Injury to optic nerve (due to thiamine deficiency)nystagmus, diplopia, vertigo, difficulty swallowing fluids, vomiting, tendency to spontaneously bleed-internal and external
Generally poor feeling, dizziness, presyncope, difficulty standing, mental slowness, sensation of cold, weakness, loss of thirst, hiccups. Physical exam: Ataxia, bradycardia, orthostatism
Feeling of hunger Decline in glucose level
Risk of sudden death: Extreme weakness Significant problems concentrating Sleepiness Loss of consciousness Heart failure Bradycardia Loss of sight/hearing Infection Dehydration Wernicke syndrome Aspiration Electrolyte disturbances Life threatening bleeding
55
35
DEATH
28 Breakdown of glycogen and fat
Breakdownof protein muscle (gluconeogenesis) Breakdown of fats. Loss of K,P, Mg, use of stored vitamins
Irreversible damage to muscles, including the heart muscle, thiamine deficiency, weight loss 0.3 kg per day Serious danger: Application to the ethics committee for permission to give treatment without the consent of and against the will of the patient Hydration and electrolyte disturbance status need to be closely monitored
Severe deficiency in critical vitamins B1, K
Death as a result of heart failure, life threatening arrhythmia (prolonged QT), lactic acidosis secondary to sepsis as a result of immune system failure, intestinal blockage, multiple organ failure
08
HUNGER STRIKE EVALUATION OF RISK EVALUATION OF RISKS 1. Defining the risk of the patient-according to the system/organ (cardiovascular, pulmonary, renal, liver, immune) and metabolic reserve. Classification of the patient’s degree of risk of injury or death accordingly: Low, Moderate or High Risk. 2. Defining the level of stress, according to: Complete hunger strike Partial hunger strike 3. Recognition of the disease trajectory-identifying during the course of the illness (hunger strike) points of time at which the hunger strikers are in danger, in addition to routine tests, signs and symptoms
09
HUNGER STRIKE EVALUATION OF RISK
Disease Trajectory
Patient Health
Low Risk
High Risk
Risk to Life
28 d
40d
Time
06
HUNGER STRIKE BATTLE THE DATA REPRESENTATION QUANTITATIVE NUMERIC DATA GATHERING
01
HUNGER STRIKE
WORLD WIDE FAMOUS STRIKERS NAME
DAYS
DATE
Marion Wallace
3.7
1909
Gandhi
21
1924
Mandela
07
1960
Bobby Sands
66
1981
Cesar Shavez
36
1989
Tianemen Students
07
1989
Mia Farrow
12
2009
Khedr Adnan
66
2011
Guantanamo Bay, Cuba
18
2012
Palestenian Prisoners
60
2012
Mohamed el Qahtani
08
2013
0 MOHAMED QAHTANI 2013
PALESTENIAN PRIS. 2012
GUANTANAMO BAY 2012
KHEDR ADNAN 2011
MIA FARROW 2009
TIANEMEN STUDENT 1989
CESAR SHAVEZ 1989
BOBBY SANDS 1981
NELSON MANDELA 1960
MAHATMA GANDHI 1924
MARION WALLACE 1909
DAYS OF STRIKE
01 HUNGER STRIKE
WORLD WIDE FAMOUS STRIKERS
WORLD WIDE FAMOUS STRIKERS
80 DAYS OF STRIKE DEATH DUE TO STRIKE
66
60
40
20
PEOPLE UNDER STRIKE
02
HUNGER STRIKE
STRIKERS IN EGYPTIAN PRISONS NAME
SRIKE DAYS
DET. DAYS
Mohamed Sultan
285
401
Ibrahim AlYamany
204
410
Abdullah Al Shamy
146
289
Magdi Khalefa
99
344
Hend Munir
91
410
Rashan Munir
91
410
Ahmed El Sakhawy
86
123
Ibrahim El Sisi
78
273
Diaa mahdy
76
193
Karim Hanfy
76
249
Mo’men Hamdi
76
249
Mohamed Fawzi
76
261
Sanaa Seif
71
101
Ahmed Doma
71
304
Ahmed Samy El komy
30
death
AHMED SAMI KOMI
AHMED DOMA
SANAA SEIF
MOHAMED FAWZI
MO’MEN HAMDI
KAREM HANAFY
DIAA MAHDY
IBRAHIM ALSISI
AHMED ELSAKHAWI
RASHA MUNIR
HEND MUNIR
MAGDI KHALIFA
ABDULLA ALSHAMY
IBRAHIM ALYAMANI
MOHAMED SULTAN
DAYS OF STRIKE
02 HUNGER STRIKE
STRIKERS IN EGYPTIAN PRISONS
KNOWN STRIKERS IN EGYPTIAN PRISONS DAYS OF STRIKE
500 DAYS OF DETENTION DEATH DUE TO STRIKE
410
360
285 240
140
20 PEOPLE UNDER STRIKE
HUNGER STRIKE
03
EGYPTIAN STRIKERS IN COMP. TO THE WORLD
DEATH DUE TO STRIKE VERY BAD MEDICAL CONDITION
WORLD WIDE FAMOUS STRIKERS
RELEASED FROM PRISON STRIKES OUTSIDE PRISON
¬ GANDHI ¬ MANDELA ¬ MARION WALLACE
¬ TIANEMEN STUDENTS
¬ GUANTANAMO BAY
¬ AL QAHTANI ¬ CESAR SHAVEZ
¬ MIA FAROW
00
03
07
20
¬ BOBBY SANDS
HIGH RISK
¬ KHEDR ADNAN
LOW RISK
¬ PALESTANIAN PRISONERS
60
30
MODERATE RISK
100
300
150
¬ 3 PRISONERS
EGYPTIAN STRIKERS
¬ AHMED SAMY GHONEIM
¬ 77 PRISONER
¬ AHMED DOMA ¬ MAHINOR ALMASRY
¬ IBRAHIM ALYAMANY
¬ 58 PRISONER ¬ Hend MUNIR ¬ RASHA MUNIR ¬ SANAA SEIF
¬ MONA SEIF ¬ LAILA SOUEF ¬ SARA MOHAMED
¬ MAGDI KHALEFA
¬ ABDULLAH ALSHAMY
¬ MOHAMED SULTAN
04
HUNGER STRIKE
STRIKERS TO DETAINEES NUMBERS CASE
NUMBER
POLITICAL DETAINEES
21,000
STRIKERS IN PRISON
143
STRIKERS IN SOLIDARITY OUTSIDE
4
STRIKERS DUE TO EVENTS ANN.
1,016
RELEASED THEIR STRIKE
66
04
HUNGER STRIKE
STRIKERS TO DETAINEES NUMBERS
21,000 POLITICAL DETAINEES
INPRISON FULLSTRIKES
PARTIAL STRIKE
143 ON HUNGER STRIKE
95.9% MALE
4.1% FEMALE
OUTSIDE PRISON STRIKES
05
HUNGER STRIKE
DETAINEES ACCORDING TO OCCUPATION OCCUPATION
NUMBER
Students
62
Physicians
02
Journalist
01
Peot & Blogger
01
Engineer
01
Worker
02
Accountant
02
Assistant professor
01
Director of int. Development
01
Ultras Zamalek
11
Unspecified occupation
59
11 OCCUPATION CAT.
143
05
HUNGER STRIKE
DETAINEES ACCORDING TO OCCUPATION
DETAINEES STRIKERS ACCORDING TO THEIR PROFESSION
STUDENTS ENGINEERS 13.1 %
BLOGGERS DIRECTORS ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
73.8%
ACCOUNTANT WORKERS PHYSICIANS ULTRAS ZAMALEK
06
HUNGER STRIKE
STUDENTS ACCORDING TO UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY
NUMBER
Cairo University
03
6 october University
03
Al Azhar University
41
Alexandria University
04
New Cairo Academy
02
Ain Shams University
01
Sohag University
01
Zagazig University
01
High School Students
01
Unspecified University
04
Post Graduates
01
11 UNIVERSITIES
62
06
HUNGER STRIKE
STUDENTS ACCORDING TO UNIVERSITY
STUDENTS UNDER HUNGER STRIKE ACC. TO UNIVERSITIES
AL AZHAR POST GRADUATES
3.2%
HIGH SCHOOL
4.8%
ZAGAZIG
4.8%
SOHAG AIN SHAMS
6.5%
NEW CAIRO 6.5%
CAIRO
66.1%
6 OCTOBER ALEXANDRIA UNSPECIFIED
07
HUNGER STRIKE
DETAINEES ACCORDING TO PRISON PLACE PRISON
NUMBER
Abu za’bal
65
Torah
46
10.5 kilo camp
10
Borg Al Arab
10
Segn El Nesa Qanater
3
Giza police station
2
Fayoum public Prison
2
Suez Ataqa Prison
2
Madinet Nasr secoundry prison
1
Qena public Prison
1
Camp security forces Damanhour
1
11 PRISONS
143
07
HUNGER STRIKE
DETAINEES ACCORDING TO PRISON PLACE
DETAINEES UNDER HUNGER STRIKE IN PRISON Abu za’bal
NO OF PEOPLE
Torah 10.5 kilo camp Borg Al Arab Segn El Nesa Qanater Giza police station Fayoum public Prison Suez Ataqa Prison Madinet Nasr secoundry prison Qena public Prison Camp security forces Damanh 10
20
30
40
50
60
70
08
HUNGER STRIKE
DISTRIBUTION OF STRIKES ACCORDING TO GOVERNORATE PRISON
NUMBER
GOVERNORATE
Abu za’bal
65
QALYOUBIA
Torah
46
CAIRO
10.5 kilo camp
10
ALEXANDRIA
Borg Al Arab
10
ALEXANDRIA
Segn El Nesa Qanater
3
CAIRO
Giza police station
2
GIZA
Fayoum public Prison
2
FAYOUM
Suez Ataqa Prison
2
SUEZ
Madinet Nasr secoundry prison
1
CAIRO
Qena public Prison
1
QENA
Camp security forces Damanhour
1
ALBEHERA
11 PRISONS
143
08
HUNGER STRIKE
DISTRIBUTION OF STRIKES ACCORDING TO GOVERNORATE GOVERNORATE
NUMBER
QALYOUBIA
65
CAIRO
50
ALEXANDRIA
20
GIZA
2
FAYOUM
2
SUEZ
2
QENA
1
AL BUHERA
1
8 GOVERNORATES
143
08
HUNGER STRIKE
DISTRIBUTION OF STRIKES ACCORDING TO GOVERNORATE QALYOUBIA
Al Buhera Qalyoubia
Alexandria Matruh
SUEZ
Al Fayyum
Sinai
50
ALEXANDRIA
20
Al Minya Asyut Suhaj Qina
WADI GEDED
AV G .
02
AL FAYOUM
02
AL SUEZ
02
QENA
01
AL BUHERA
Giza
65
CAIRO
GIZA
Cairo
HIGH
LOW
01
09
HUNGER STRIKE
HUNGER STRIKE ACCORDING TO GENDER IN PRISON GENDER
NUMBER
MALE
140
FEMALE
3
PRISONERS
143
09
HUNGER STRIKE
HUNGER STRIKE ACCORDING TO GENDER
UNDER HUNGER STRIKE GENDER IN PRISON NO OF MALES NO OF FEMALES
97.9 %
09
HUNGER STRIKE
HUNGER STRIKE ACCORDING TO GENDER IN PRISON
MALE
FEMALE
97.9% MALE
2.1% FEMALE
10
HUNGER STRIKE TYPE OH HUNGER STRIKE TYPE OF STRIKE
NUMBER
FULL
135
PARTIAL
8
TOTAL SRIKERS
143
10
HUNGER STRIKE TYPE OH HUNGER STRIKE
TYPE OF HUNGER STRIKE FULL PARTIAL
94.4 %
10
HUNGER STRIKE TYPE OH HUNGER STRIKE
FULL 94.4%
PARTIAL
94.4%
5.6%
11
HUNGER STRIKE
HUNGER STRIKE ACCORDING TO GENDER OUTSIDE PRISON GENDER
NUMBER
MALE
00
FEMALE
04
IN SOLIDARITY
04
11
HUNGER STRIKE
HUNGER STRIKE ACCORDING TO GENDER OUTSIDE PRISON
UNDER HUNGER STRIKE GENDER OUTSIDE PRISON NO OF MALES NO OF FEMALES
100 %
12
HUNGER STRIKE
NUMBER OF STRIKES INSIDE & OUTSIDE PRISON GENDER
NUMBER
INSIDE
143
OUTSIDE
04
STRIKERS
147
12
HUNGER STRIKE
NUMBER OF STRIKES INSIDE & OUTSIDE
NUMBER OF STRIKES INSIDE & OUTSIDE PRISON 200 INSIDE OUTSIDE 150
100
50
97.9 % 0
12
HUNGER STRIKE
NUMBER OF STRIKES INSIDE & OUTSIDE
INPRISON STRIKES
OUTSIDE PRISON STRIKES
13
HUNGER STRIKE
RELEASED THEIR HUNGER STRIKE GENDER
TOTAL STTRIKER
PARTIAL STRIKERS
TOTAL NUMBER
FREED
09
00
09
STILL IN PRISON
56
01
57
OUTSIDE PRISON EVENTS OF
404
612
1,016
SOLIDARITY
13
HUNGER STRIKE
RELEASED THEIR HUNGER STRIKE
FREED RELEASED FULL RELEASED FULL STRIKE IN PRISON RELEASED PARTIAL STRIKE IN PRISON
14
HUNGER STRIKE
DAYS OF HUNGER STRIKE PER EACH INDIVIDUAL 286
75
65
65
63
59
56
53
49
49
40
205
73
65
65
63
59
56
53
49
46
39
112
72
65
65
63
59
56
52
49
45
39
100
72
65
65
60
59
56
51
49
44
35
92
66
65
65
60
59
56
50
49
44
68
92
65
65
65
60
58
56
49
49
44
63
87
65
65
65
60
58
56
49
49
42
62
79
65
65
65
59
58
55
49
49
42
54
77
65
65
63
59
58
54
49
49
42
51
77
65
65
63
59
56
53
49
49
42
36
77
65
65
63
59
56
53
49
49
42
36
77
65
65
63
59
56
53
49
49
41
36
77
65
65
63
59
56
53
49
49
40
HUNGER STRIKE
DAYS OF HUNGER STRIKE PER EACH INDIVIDUAL
DAYS UNDER HUNGER STRIKE 80 DAYS OF STRIKE 60
NUMBER OF PEOPLE
14
40
20
0 20
40
60
80
100 120
140 160
180 200 220
DAYS OF HUNGER STRIKE
240 260
280 300
15
HUNGER STRIKE DAYS OF DETENTION 497
398
315
315
314
309
288
249
182
156
82
449
383
315
315
314
304
288
248
172
144
82
449
343
315
315
313
304
288
236
170
140
82
449
337
315
315
313
304
288
232
164
140
79
449
332
315
315
313
304
287
229
163
140
79
449
332
315
315
313
304
287
223
163
140
78
449
332
315
315
313
300
287
219
163
140
449
332
315
315
313
300
287
206
163
130
449
332
315
315
313
300
287
206
163
86
449
332
315
315
312
300
287
202
163
82
449
332
315
315
310
300
287
200
162
82
440
332
315
315
310
300
252
197
162
82
407
315
315
314
310
300
249
194
161
82
HUNGER STRIKE DAYS OF DETENTION
DAYS UNDER DETENTION 60 DAYS OF DETENTION 45 NUMBER OF PEOPLE
15
30
15
0 70
105 140
175
210 245
280
315
350
DAYS OF DETENTION
385
420
455
490 525
07
HUNGER STRIKE BATTLE TOUGH PRISON CONDITIONS QUALITATIVE DATA GATHERING
01
EGYPTIAN PRISON THE TELEGRAPH VIDEO
02
EGYPTIAN PRISON THE TELEGRAPH VIDEO
03
EGYPTIAN PRISON THE TELEGRAPH VIDEO
04
EGYPTIAN PRISON THE TELEGRAPH VIDEO
05
HUNGER STRIKE CONDITIONS OF PRISON
ACCORDING TO A DETAINEES IN WADI AL NOTRON /TORA PRISON 1. Prison is a very small room with a toilet and without a bed or a kitchen or bath place. 2. The floor of the room is from rough cement, detainees did not have anything to sleep on , and they walk barefoot water cycle, cockroaches are every where 3. When a prisoner request blankets for the prevention of cold exposure, Everyone was constantly beaten up and punished for four hours -raising their hands in the air as a punishment4. The capacity of the room is very small compared to the number of prisoners , it has a length of five meters and three meters wide where iside is about 45 people , so they weren’t allowed to sleep at one time , Some were sleeping and others would stay awake . 5. you can barely breath from the capacity of people . 6.the bathroom is a quat toilet of no door just a small separator. 7-Beating is done for the sake of humiliation. 8-if one would pass out from the strike no one would bother to come except after 2 hrs and they would say its of their choice
08
HUNGER STRIKE BATTLE DESIGN INSPIRATIONS APPROACHES TACKLING SIMILAR PROBLEMS
01
DESIGN INSPIRATIONS GUANTANAMO BAY DOCUMENTRY
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2VN4hewhWvY
01
DESIGN INSPIRATIONS GUANTANAMO BAY DOCUMENTRY
01
DESIGN INSPIRATIONS GUANTANAMO BAY DOCUMENTRY
02
DESIGN INSPIRATIONS
A GUIDE TO ADMINISTRATIVE DETENTION
02
DESIGN INSPIRATIONS
A GUIDE TO ADMINISTRATIVE DETENTION
02
DESIGN INSPIRATIONS
A GUIDE TO ADMINISTRATIVE DETENTION
03
DESIGN INSPIRATIONS THEIR FEAST IN PRISON
03
DESIGN INSPIRATIONS THEIR FEAST IN PRISON
03
DESIGN INSPIRATIONS THEIR FEAST IN PRISON
09
HUNGER STRIKE BATTLE COLOR PALETTE &MOODBOARD MOODBOARD, COLOR PALETTE & FONT
01
DESIGN ELEMENTS MOODBOARD
HASH MEMORY
GRAPHITI.
THE SILENCED MEMORY
DEPRESSING MOOD
COUNTING DAYS.
02
DESIGN ELEMENTS COLOR PALETTE
C= 1 M=16 Y=99 K=0
C= 47 M=46 Y=100 K=22
DEPRESSING COLORS Which fits the mood of the prison plus impltying the emotions of fear, emotional fragility, depression, anxiety, suicide which the striker passes through during his Strike.
C= 54 M=58 Y=100 K=52
03
DESIGN ELEMENTS TYPEFACE
GEOGROTESQUE
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ
GEOGROTESQUE
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ
BOLD
REGULAR
abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz 1234567890
abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz 1234567890
10
HUNGER STRIKE BATTLE DESIGN IMPLEMENTATION IDEATION, IMPLEMENTATION & EXECUTION
01
DESIGN APPROACHES SYMPAHY APPROACH POSTERS
01
DESIGN APPROACHES SYMPAHY APPROACH POSTERS
01
DESIGN APPROACHES SYMPAHY APPROACH POSTERS
02
DESIGN APPROACHES SYMPAHY APPROACH POSTERS
02
DESIGN APPROACHES SYMPAHY APPROACH POSTERS
03
DESIGN APPROACHES SARCASTIC APPROACH POSTER
03
DESIGN APPROACHES SARCASTIC APPROACH POSTER
03
DESIGN APPROACHES SYMPAHY APPROACH POSTER
04
MAIN FIGURE
SYMBOLISM OF STRIKER
LONGEST STRIKE IN HISTORY
SULTAN
300 DAYS
05
DESIGN APPROACHES MAGAZINE EXECUTION
05
DESIGN APPROACHES MAGAZINE EXECUTION 2
06
DESIGN APPROACHES DOCUMNETATION BOOKLET
06
DESIGN APPROACHES DOCUMNETATION BOOKLET
06
DESIGN APPROACHES DOCUMNETATION BOOKLET
06
DESIGN APPROACHES DOCUMNETATION BOOKLET
11
HUNGER STRIKE BATTLE SOURCES OF INFORMATION CITED SOURCES OF THE DATA GATHERED
01
CITATION
SOURCES OF INFO http://www.ima.org.il/Ima/FormStorage/Type8/HungerStrikeGuideEn0614.pdf http://www.safecom.org.au/pdfs/wma_hunger_strikes.pdf http://www.facebook.com/Al7oriallgd3an http://gebnaakherna.com/ http://www.alaraby.co.uk/EgyHungerStrike https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/11xn5MWgDZfYP0Bq-qAi9SlLOxfcKvjAWiXW134WVOEA/ edit#gid=1470157042 http://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2009/may/06/mia-farrow-hunger-strike-dafur http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/features/2012/04/20124205447499671.html http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/9095823/Palestinian-Khader-Adnan-ends-record-66-dayhunger-strike-as-Israel-agrees-to-set-him-free.html http://mondoweiss.net/2014/05/palestinian-prisoners-detention http://www.nytimes.com/2014/06/26/world/middleeast/palestinian-detainees-suspend-hunger-strike-in-israel.html?_r=0 http://www.aljazeera.net/programs/today-interview/2014/7/4 http://www.dc4mf.org/en/content/imprisoned-al-jazeera-journalist-begins-hunger-strike-egypt http://www.madamasr.com/news/mohamed-soltan-falls-unconscious-281st-day-hunger-strike http://www.madamasr.com/news/activist-ahmed-douma-grave-condition-says-wife-after-prison-visit
02
CITATION
SOURCES OF INFO http://www.dailynewsegypt.com/2014/08/25/year-behind-bars-mohamed-soltan/ http://humanrights-monitor.org/Posts/ViewLocale/2050# http://www.smw.ch/content/smw-2012-13675/ http://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2014/06/palestinian-prisoners-end-mass-hunger-strike-201462501236249478.html http://www.amnesty.ca/news/news-releases/muzzling-dissent-saudi-arabia%E2%80%99s-efforts-to-choke-civil-society http://www.nytimes.com/2014/02/12/us/appeals-court-clears-way-for-guantanamo-challenges.html?_r=3 http://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-14540696 http://www.scoop.co.nz/stories/HL1403/S00126/hunger-strike-is-it-still-an-effective-mode-ofresistance.htm http://www.themarysue.com/hunger-strike-effects/ http://usnews.nbcnews.com/_news/2013/04/30/17987435-from-gandhi-to-bobby-sands-hunger-strikers-through-history?lite http://aswatmasriya.com/news/view.aspx?id=1580d259-db3d-4b27-bd3b-6d3f5f6ec698 http://www.elwatannews.com/news/details/554152 https://www.facebook.com/events/833976329988696/?ref=22 http://www.cbc.ca/asithappens/features/2014/10/30/the-square-documentary/ http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/64/109503/Egypt/Politics-/Sanaa-Seif,-jaileddaughter-of-late-rights-lawyer,.aspx
JUSTICE FREEDOM DIGNITY