2016 Architectural Portfolio

health: dissolving boundaries

Sarah Wilson // Clemson University // Architecture+Health // 2014 - 2016

W 2014 - 2016

table of contents c h a r l e s t o n u r b a n h e a l t h a n a l y s i s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 04

c h a r l e s t o n u r b a n h e a l t h m a s t e r p l a n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

c h a r l e s t o n “ h o s p i t a l a s a c i t y ” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

f o o t h i l l s c o m m u n i t y h e a l t h c a r e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

m a r i a d u k e s h e a l t h p a v i l l i o n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

a h e a l t h i e r c l e m s o n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

f r e e h a n d d r a w i n g ” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

r e s u m e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 03

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hospital as a city: charleston, sc urban health analysis

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-completed over six-week periodThe fall semester at Clemson's Architecture + Health was spent studying and designing in Charleston, SC and of the Medical University of South Carolina campus. The semester-long project was broken into three phases: urban analysis of the peninsula, master plan designing of the medical campus, and design proposals of a new hospital within the campus. Combining the efforts of the A+H studio in Clemson and the urban design studio of the CACC in Charleston, we studied the patterns of the city and worked to see how they could be repeated in the island campus of MUSC.

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Combining the efforts of the two studios, we studied the natural and built conditions of the Charleston peninsula. Identifying patterns and combining layers of information revealed discoveries of how the city comes together. It also identified the creation of multiple boundaries of the city fabric. We needed to study these boundaries particularly around MUSC, to understand what elements were creating edges between the campus and the rest of the city.

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zoning

traffic boundaries

allowed building density

flood pattern

edges: income

edges: building use

edges: building height

FUNCTIONAL USE/ZONING : COMBINING BUILDING AND FLOODING CODES

FEMA flood zones

During mutliple visits to the city we discovered how important rainfall, tides, and flooding were to the building patterns of MUSC. It would be critical to take the flood level into account for the design phases.

flood elevation

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FUNCTIONAL USE/ZONING 4 LESSONS

pedestrian experience

historic urban character

perceived edges

concentrated transportatiion

Breaking into groups, we looked for lessons to learn from the city to apply to our future designs for the medical campus.

Patterns discovered in the functional uses and zoning of the city revealed that the pedestrian experience, historic urban character, perceived edges, and concentrated transportation were all related to building density, use, and zoning.

building use + density

income + residences

historic growth + density

traffic nodes + building use

The groups combined our lessons to develop guiding principles for designing a healthier Charleston.

0.5 mi

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7 GUIDELINES FOR A HEALTHIER CHARLESTON

01. Health Campus Without Walls + Gradation of Scale + Pedestrian Friendly Streets + Buffer Parks + Provide Amenities + Provide Services

04. Articulated + Perforated Building Forms + Buildings as Landmarks + Courtyards + Pocket Parks + Orientation and Position + Voids + Skybridge

02. Sustainability + Longevity + Rainwater Harvesting System + Utilizing New Technologies + Solar Energy Utilization + Daylight Utilization + Green Roofs + Maintaining Culture + Contact + Anticipate Future Growth/Change + Zero Carbon Emission

05. Beyond Healing + Live + Work + Play + Meet + Discover + Stay

06. Active Public Corridor + Mixed-Use Spaces + Shaded Paths + Tempered Green Spaces + Create a place for Pause + Iconic Landmark

03. Connections to Nature + Integration with the Facade + Inhabitable Garden + Visual Green Connection + Green Corridor

07. Integrated Transportation Network + Nodes for Seamless Transfer + Variety of Transportation Options + Intuitive Wayfinding

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hospital as a city: charleston, sc urban health master plan

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-completed over three-week periodThis second phase, master plan designing of the medical campus, was also completed in groups. Taking lessons learned during the analysis, we looked to create a future for the medical campus that was better for patients, students, and staff, and was more inviting to the community at large.

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public focal points

clear wayfinding

flood response

safe cycling + pedestrian paths

comfortable pedestrian experience

reintroducing green spaces

Distilling from the guidelines developed during analysis, we proposed new design guidelines to create a more inviting campus for patients, staff, and the community, while also planning for inevitable issues with flooding.

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campus access + traffic pattern

green transit hub

public green spaces

future residential development

community health center

future hospital site

pedestrian-only commercial zone garage roof amphitheatre

green spaces + pedestrian zones

construction phases

insertion of mixed use

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COURTENAY ST > A transit hub at each end of Courtenay St announces this major access to the campus while providing a transition point between different transit methods

> Elevated paths connect critical buildings

to each other and to the ground so that function is not impeded by flooding

> Wider sidewalks and frequent tree placement create a more pleasant atmosphere for pedestrians

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Courtenay St - transverse section

DOUGHTY ST

> An outdoor pavillion on top of a new parking garage creates a public focal point.

> A pedestrian-only zone with

fabric and foliaged shade devices creates a pull for the community

> Multiple connected green

spaces create a nature corridor down the center of campus

Doughty St - transverse section

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View down Doughty St. from Ashely River Tower

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View down Doughty St. from James W. Colbert Library

View down Courtenay St. from Bee St. transit hub

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hospital as a city: charleston, sc new hospital proposal

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-completed over five-week periodThe final phase of the Charleston project was a design proposal for a new hospital on campus. Anticipating the construction of two new hospitals, MUSC invited us to design the second of these two. Basing our program on an existing neighboring hospital, the Ashley River Tower, we designed in groups a diagnostic and treatment block and patient tower, selecting a department from each to create detailed floor plans. This was a chance to combine lessons learned from the studio analysis project and from our departmental design class.

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functional massing

Following the project name, "Hospital as a City," we approached this hospital design much as we did the campus urban design, placing emphasis on public space, wayfinding, green spaces, and planning for future expansion.

overhang announcing entry

pedestrian scale

context

anti-flooding measures

natural light

The design began by making basic massing decisions of the D+T block, public spaces, and patient tower based on the context. Design guidelines based on those from the analysis and master plan phases were created to direct our group hospital design.

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giving street frontage to public

green insertion

circulation heirarchy

natural ventilation

orientation + wayfinding

allowing and controlling sunlight

elevated access

connection to A.R.T.

flexible grid

shelled expansion

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31' 6" x 31' 6" modules created by the structural grid simplified the zonal planning of each floor.

structural grid

functional zoning - D+T

functional zoning - patient tower

CLINICAL

SUPPORT PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

patient and staff work flow

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natural lighting - D+T

natural lighting - patient tower

traffic flow + access

ground floor

elevated access

street treatment

first floor - emergency department

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second floor - imaging

third floor - interventional + administration

Repeating the basic zoning modules simplifies the overall organization of the hospital. It also creates consistent circulation between the different zones, in order to simplify the delivery of materials and movement of staff nd patients. Consistent zoning also allows for easy expansion in the clinical zone after initial shelling.

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second floor - circulation heirarchy

Separating the public and clinical zones with a central support axis creates a more pleasant waiting experience for patients, and placing elevator shafts in this support axis allows for quick materials delivery.

fourth floor - surgery + administration

fifth floor - cafe + roof garden + mechanical

A public cafe attached to the roof garden gives visitors to the tower a chance for respite and a place to spend time with familial patients.

A symmetrical plan in the patient tower with a racetrack arrangement makes circulation simple and gives every patient room plentiful outward-facing views and natural light. A more neighborhood-like feeling is created by pushing and pulling pairs of patient rooms on the corridor to create pockets of cul-de-sac.

sixfth - ninth floor - patient tower

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A light well punctures the diagnostic and treatment block to provide natural light into the interiors of the clinical areas. A system of twisted louvres creates the appearance of a wavy facade, reflecting a similar theme of movement repeated else where in the facade and in the shape of the roof garden.

louvre facade treatment

Bee St

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transverse section

The system of repeated zoning organization is evident in section. Additionally, the longitudinal section reveals the large pocket of naturally-lit space given to the public along Courtenay St.

lobby interior

Courtenay St

longitudinal section

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view from south Courtenay St.

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view from east Bee St.

Perspective views reveal how the proposal fits in with the surrounding context of the medical campus.

view from north Courtenay St.

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The final step with this hospital design was a departmental layout. Paired with a study on the best practices of imaging department design, this design was the culmination of the knowledge gained from previous studio iterations, literature review, and case studies. The team developed the program, and departmental layout was completed on an individual basis.

view from across Courtenay St.

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IMAGING DEPARTMENT VESTIBULE SHELLED (CT) 4632 SF

SHELLED (MRI) 2799 SF

MRI SCAN

SHELLED (R/F) 2866 SF

CT SCAN RAD STORAGE 184 SF MRI 500 SF

MRI EQ 185 SF

MRI COMPUTER 288 SF

MRI 500 SF

MRI CONTROL 1042 SF

MRI COMPUTER 280 SF

DRESSING 124 SF

MRI EQ 195 SF

DRESSING 117 SF CT 541 SF

SHARED READING 1231 SF

WKSTN 112 SF

MRI 500 SF

WKSTN 110 SF

CLEAN UTIL 157 SF SHARED READING 718 SF

CT 539 SF

CT 539 SF

DRESSING 120 SF

MRI VEST 207 SF

RAD / FLUORO 376 SF

RAD / FLUORO 378 SF

RAD / FLUORO 380 SF

RAD / FLUORO 382 SF

RAD / FLUORO 385 SF

WORK CORE 813 SF

CT CONTROL RM 943 SF MRI 500 SF

DRESS 128 SF

CT 541 SF

RAD / FLUORO SHARED READ 497 SF

DRESSING 125 SF

RAD / FLUORO 380 SF

ULTRASOUND WORK / CONTROL HOLD/PREP/DRESS

PHYSICIAN LOUNGE 337 SF

SOIL UTIL 158 SF

TLT 96 SF

RAD SUPPLY 113 SF

EQUIP 113 SF

HOLD/PREP/DRESS

RAD SUPPLY 115 SF

TOILETS TLT 81 SF

DRESS 123 SF

PREP/HOLD 183 SF

DRESS 122 SF

STAFF TLT 117 SF

PREP/HOLD 183 SF

PREP/HOLD 183 SF

PREP/HOLD 183 SF

EQUIP 1079 SF

LIGHT WELL 1070 SF CLEAN UTIL 154 SF

PREP/HOLD 182 SF

SOIL UTIL 155 SF

PREP/HOLD 183 SF

PREP/HOLD 183 SF

UPS 376 SF PREP/HOLD 182 SF

ULTRASOUND 163 SF

TLT 68 SF

TLT 73 SF

ULTRASOUND 164 SF

STORAGE / ALC

ULTRASOUND 164 SF

CLINICAL SUPPORT EQUIP STORAGE 1439 SF

SUPPORT 1079 SF

PATIENT SUPPORT

ULTRASOUND 165 SF

ADMINISTRATIVE

TLT 71 SF

TLT 68 SF

STAFF SUPPORT OFFICE 123 SF SUPPLY STORAGE 954 SF

STRETCHER / WHEELCHAIR ALCOVES 544 SF

SHARED OFFICE 712 SF

OFFICE 123 SF

OFFICE 125 SF

OFFICE 125 SF

OFFICE 125 SF

CONSULT 120 SF

OFFICE 125 SF

OFFICE 125 SF

OFFICE 125 SF

CONSULT 120 SF

OFFICE 125 SF

OFFICE 125 SF

OFFICE 125 SF

CONSULT 120 SF

STAFF LOCKER 2369 SF

STAFF LOUNGE 550 SF

SHARED OFFICE 728 SF

OFFICE 122 SF

OFFICE 124 SF CONFERENCE ROOM 512 SF

OFFICE 122 SF

OFFICE 124 SF

FAMILY CONSULT 226 SF

TLT 66 SF

RECEPTION 585 SF

SHELLED

3/32” = 1’

OUTPATIENT WAITING 6027 SF

TLT 66 SF

(LOBBY BELOW)

DGSF: 74,951 SF NSF: 46,994 SF NET TO GROSS: 1.59 (ADMINISTRATIVE BLOCK)

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foothills community healthcare center

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-completed over 2.5 month periodThis project took place over a three-month period in the small town of Central, SC. A small local medical clinic sought to open a second location next to Southern Wesleyan University, and its director worked with the A+H studio to develop the spatial program and provide guidance on their methods and workflow. This clinic was to be a Federally Qualified Healthcare Clinic, and therefore needed to meet all of the qualifications for such a facility in a rural context. We developed the program as a group, and then designed the proprosals individually.

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site access

north east orientation

horizontality

to Hwy 93

site plan

pods vs administrative spaces: verticality

green axes of courtyards

Wesleyan Dr

to SWU

Clayton St

garden foundations = future medical pod

Bryant St

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4-pod option

After the initial phase of developing the spatial program with the help of the clinic's director, designing a plan around a series of clinical pods with centralized support spaces was revealed to be the best option.

This plan organizes the pods around a central support and registration area and breaks up the building with a series of interior courtyards to introduce daylight into the darkest areas. Including an exterior courtyard space with the same pod dimensions allows for future expansion of a fourth clinical pod.

pedestrian path

A

C

D demonstration pavillion

medical pod 1

community gardens

lobby

lab

B

pharmacy medical pod 2

mental + dental pod (future) medical pod 4

community gardens

imaging

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staff versus patient circulation: "on-stage vs "off stage"

bringing daylight into clinc

The layout of the clinical pods allows for returning patients to go straight into their doctor's pod and quickly to an exam room, and separates staff and patient circulation to reduce traffic in corridors and create a patient-centered experience.

With a location in rural South Carolina, allowing for natural ventilation and keeping a low profile is important not only because it cools the building at lower costs, but helps the clinic blend in with its rural residential context. level 2

level 1

transverse section - C

longitudinal section - B

level 2

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level 1

10’

3’ swing

12’

exam room layout Exam rooms are consistently laid out with 120 SF and provide staff and a family member individual space during the patient's visit. Orientation of the exam table, door swing, and staff workstation were all considered. Each exam room is given daylight with windows into adjoining courtyards, place above sight lines to protect patient privacy.

level 2

level 1

transverse section - A

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Building massing and facade treatments allow for natural ventilation and daylight while utilizing sun shading devices on south-facing windows to maintain cool temperatures. Low profiles and overhangs combined with greenery create a pleasant approach and pedestrian experience.

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detail section - main entry + administration

main lobby

view towards pod sub-waiting

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C a m p H o p e : M a r i a D u k e s H e a l t h Pa v i l l i o n

s pr i n g 2 0 1 5

-completed over four-week periodJaycee Camp Hope and Camp Sertoma, two summer camps that take place at the Clemson University Outdoor Lab on Lake Hartwell, asked our studio to design proposals for a new camp health center and registration/staff area. As this camp site serves campers of all ages, means, and those with intellectual and physical abilities, accessibility had to be taken into consideration while maintaining the character and fun of a summer camp. Most of all, the camp directors wanted the legacy of Maria Dukes, the existing health center's namesake, to live on. The daughter of Dr. Dukes--a local physician, prominant Clemson citizen, and sponsor of Camp Hope--was a beloved camper and left a memory of joy and kindness at the camp. The new design will provide the directors with ideas of how to carry on the childlike delight in nature and the welcoming embrace of the summer camp.

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access

flow across site

outdoor activity

views from site

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parti development

The concept was to embed the clinic and nurse living area into the ground while connecting its roof to the surface above to create an of-the-earth effect, reducing visual impact on the forest site.

Sloping the roof into the ground creates an uninterrupted flow between the natural and built space, encouraging campers to enjoy the outdoors while keeping them healthy.

spatial adjacencies

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first floor -health center + nurse living

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second floor - registration + staff break

section A

section B

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a healthier clemson

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-completed over one semesterAs the city of Clemson anticipated development of the downtown area along College Avenue, the studio sought to analyze the potential growth, to propose strategies for healthy methods to achieve that growth, and to obtain the public's opinion on such urban and individual site design ideas. The project was broken into three phases: analysis, urban design, and site proposal, the last being an individual project.

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ANALYSIS

Precedent research produced a group of healthy urban design principles, which we would use to inform our design responses to future urban growth. We then analyzed the existing conditions of the downtown area, including the current zoning conditions. We learned out-of-scale growth was allowed, and much healthier development would be needed in Clemson.

allowed growth

traffic patterns

zoning districts

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URBAN DESIGN

CITY OF CLEMSON

LAKE HARTWELL

PUBLIC ART INSTALLATIONS

In response to the existing unhealthy growth plan of College Avenue, we proposed an urban design that optimized the MENTAL, SOCIAL, PHYSICAL, ENVIRONMENTAL, AND ECONOMIC aspects of Clemson. Our goals were to: > create community space for social activities >activiate walking paths for the community > design based on natural features: slope and waterfront > use public art as a tool to unify downtown create a safe and vibrant public space for all residents

TRAFFIC MAP

elevated walkways rising from gathering spaces

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sheltered community market spaces

reintroducing green spaces

urban design proposed plan

pedestrian-friendly walkways and comunity art

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BUILDING PROPOSAL

Selecting a triangular site at the edge of the commercial district, I proposed a mixed-use building to provide housing for young professionals while giving both open-air and private commercial spaces to the public. Given its location on the axes of both building use and an important street intersection, the proposal also needed to serve as an iconic wayfinding point.

site + setbacks

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public passageway

opening ground level

traffic + bus stops

vertical circulation + overhangl

site access

zoning

artificial shading devices

building uses

natural shading devices

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community art gallery

open-air community gathering/market space

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site plan

ground floor plan

The design proposal includes editing the zoning code to allow an overhang beyond the property line; doing so creates a more comfortable pedestrian scale on the sidewalk while better accommodating the residential units above.

Including commercial, culinary, and cultural building uses with residential units attracts the target young professional occupants while giving the lower floors back to the public.

unit 1 (1,403 sf)

restaurant

unit 2 (1,566 sf)

unit 4 (1,320 sf)

unit 5 (1,340 sf)

open to below

unit 3 (1,216 sf)

unit 6 (1,213 sf)

bookstore

third + fourth floor plans second floor plan

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Residents have private access to a roof garden with opportunities for small garden plots, sheltered seating areas, and clear views down College Avenue and to Clemson's campus beyond. Shade is provided with structured handing-plant roofs.

Sectionally, the design connects the lower eastern street with the higher western street while opening up the ground floor to public functions. It also invites the public up onto the second floor commercial functions while providing residents with private access to the apartments above.

roof garden plan

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upper roof plan

The green roof system creates a gathering space above the residences and feeds grey water into the building for recycled use.

A dual facade system alternately using vertical louvres and vertical gardens provides muchneeded shade and privacy for the building residents.

left: longitudinal section right: transverse section

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The design creates harmony between public and private spaces in order to help dissolve the boundaries between these two realms and encourage interaction. Encouraging sustainable design while creating a series of spaces where long term residents, young professionals, and Clemson students can coexist could inspire a shift in the architectural paradigm in downtown Clemson and create a healthier College Avenue.

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The importance of freehand drawing remains strong at Clemson. A semester spent refining this skill produced these drawings.

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Freehand Drawing

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Resume Sarah Wilson 4128 Birkshire Heights Fort Mill, SC 29708 803.984.0386

Education B.A. - Clemson University - Bachelor of Arts in Architecture, 2014 Minor in Entrepreneurship M. A. - Clemson University - Master of Architecture + Health, anticipated May 2016

Research Academic

Three-month investigation into the Military Health System: drawing connections between the MHS’s mission and the architecture of U.S. Military battalion aid stations, combat support hospitals, and military base hospitals, from Civil War era to present day. Conclusion: The readiness to flex between few peace-time patients to many war- or disaster-time patients at any given time is what helped MHS facilities achieve its mission.

Graduate Assistantships 2014-2015 : Under Dr. Dina Battisto - Assisted in writing textbook on evidence based design:

Searching for evidence of research in architecture firms; creating a design framework for research used in professional projects for specific buildings types 2015-2016: Under Dr. Anjali Joseph - Research grant for $4 million over 4 years from Haworth, Inc through the Watt Family Innovation Center: Designing Ambulatory Care Workspaces of the Future.

Researching outpatient surgery facilities to identify case studies, investigate said case studies with computer simulations and live observation, and create a framework for successful outpatient surgery facility design to be provided to the Architecture + Health studio class of 2017.

http://www.clemson.edu/centers-institutes/health-facilities-design-testing/index.html

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Work Experience 2014 - 3-month internship at FreemanWhite, Inc Charlotte, NC - Edited hospital renovation construction drawings - Assisted in spatial programming standards alignment with major health system - Participated in construction site observation 2015 - 3-month internship at HDR, Inc Charlotte, NC - Edited hospital construction drawings - Created plan and elevation drawings for key rooms during hospital design development - Assisted in creating design development client presentations - Assisted in construction site punch list for healthcare clinic project

Areas of Interest - Planning and programming; schematic design; design development; construction observation - Military health facilities; rural and urban health clinics; hospital new and renovation design

Skills - Computer drafting, digital rendering and modeling (Revit 2016, AutoCAD, Adobe Creative Suite CC) - Hand-sketching, -rendering, -modeling - Analytical, creative, and communicative skills - Spatial programming

Awards 2013 - Won Best Architectural Design award for NARI Parade of Playhomes design competition, August 2013

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