Component 1 Exam Coursework Saroop Hundal
Brief – to design a pavilion that offers a view of the city that it will be located in. I will be inspired by the architects I have researched into and/or inspired by natural forms.
Specification -Â The pavilion must include; a view at the top (in order to overlook the city); a casual eating/seating space and must cater for all ages. It must also be an open structure, making it easy for visitors to flow throughout the pavilion and its various levels.
Architect/ Building Research • Schlumberger Gould Research Centre • Metropol Parasol – Jurgen Mayer • ArcelorMittal Orbit – Anish Kapoor • Music Video Pavilion – Zaha Hadid • Serpentine Gallery pavilion – Francis Kere
Schlumberger Gould Research Centre SGR is a distinctive tensile structure (marquee-like structure) and its appearance on the skyline is attractive. Under the fabric roof are the drilling-rig test station and the main social space known as the 'winter garden'. Both benefit from the form of the roof - the workshop as it needs height for drilling and the winter garden since its light and shape gives it the atmosphere of an outdoor space, while protecting it from the weather. The fabric covering is coated glass fibre which is uninsulated and transmits about 13% daylight. As well as being a research centre the SGR has 2 independent wings that consisting of small private offices. The spaces weave together creating a network of circulation and informal meeting spaces which encourages that vital casual contact between colleagues in a scientific community. I chose to research into this building as it has some qualities of a pavilion such as the exterior appearance of it and the openness of it within.
Metropol Parasol, Jurgen Mayer The Parasol is a large timber structure, about 193,750 square feet. It is a unique urban space in the dense city of Seville making it an attractive destination for tourists and locals. The large mushroom like structures make the pavilion interesting. It is multifunctional - offering a space for farmers market, an elevated plaza, bars, restaurants and much more underneath the parasols. On top it provides a panorama view of the city. When visiting the Parasol I found that it was very lively due to the many functions it has, which drew people to it. Jurgen Mayer’s aim was to create shade in the hot city and to provide a structure that wouldn’t destroy the Roman ruins thus explaining the odd shape of the pavilion as the columns supporting he roof could only be placed in certain areas.
ArcelorMittal Orbit, Anish Kapoor
The ArcelorMittal Orbit is a 114.5 meter high sculpture. It offers extraordinary 20 mile views over Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park and the London skyline. Steel was partly chosen as a building material for its recyclability – 60% of the ArcelorMittal Orbit is made from recycled steel; washing machines and used cars. The addition of the slide adds a playful factor and spirals around the pavilion. The architect, Kapoor had the aim was to create a playful structure that ‘fed back into itself’ and therefore he created an extraordinary looping structure in order to reflect this.
Music video pavilion, Zaha Hadid The structure of the pavilion is fairly simple, taking the shape of a cuboid. The red cubes and steel framework have been added in order to give the structure a contemporary touch. It is between two historical buildings . Visual images are projected from the upper platforms over the glass facade and the floor. Allowing the visitors to see it from the outside, making the pavilion interactive.
Serpentine Gallery Pavilion, Francis Kere The pavilion is simple and the architect, Kere was inspired by the form of a tree in the landscape. The structure is surrounded by curving sections of indigo coloured walls and a circular canopy. The walls are made up of triangular sections of wood and the slatted timber roof has the same triangular theme - some of the panels are angling upwards to allow light into the pavilion. When you look up it changes wherever you turn as there are openings, the trees and sky will be visible – making the architects aim of still being connected to nature when you enter the pavilion successful.
Ideas using inspiration from architects
Idea 1 I used inspiration from Kere’s Serpentine pavilion where the exterior was made of triangles. I used repeating triangular shapes to form a pavilion.
The triangular exterior of Kere’s Serpentine pavilion inspired me to experiment with triangular shapes and see how they could be changed in order to form a structure. I began by placing triangles in an arrangement and changing the height of the initial plan view sketch.
Plan view
Simplified plan view
I changed the height of the sections of the image on the left, this made the building more complicated and allowed me to provide a high enough space that could be used as a viewing area.
Idea 1 outcome
Diagram illustrating parts of the pavilion
Exit Side entrance
Entrance to eating area via stairs
Stairs
Main entrance
Elevation views
In my opinion, this pavilion is successful as changing the height of some sections of the structure allowed me to provide a tall enough section for the viewing area as well as provide space to walk on top and through the pavilion. The pavilion has no doors but has 2 large entrances and an exit to make the structure more open and easier to flow through the different parts of it. The differing levels of the parts of the building almost reflect the landscape of buildings in a city – being a reason why this pavilion would suitably fit into a city.
3rd floor
2nd floor
1st floor
This section view of the pavilion allows you to see the inside of it and how the visitors are able to travel from the ground floor to the top viewing platform. Once arriving to the first floor they have to go inside and go up another set of stairs to reach the eating area/cafĂŠ. The final set of stairs leads the visitors to the top floor; viewing area.
Eating area & viewing balcony
Inside of pavilion
Idea 2 I took further inspiration from Kere’s use of triangles in his work and used the shape to create a geometric like pavilion. I began by using the same set of shapes and placed them into different arrangements in order to develop a set of ideas which I could then transform into a function pavilion that had a viewing area.
Arrangement 1
Adding stairs, a balcony as well as a viewing area made the pavilion more functionable for visitors. Adding a viewing area in the tallest triangle enables the visitors to see the city view, which was part of my specification.
Arrangement 2
– developing arrangement 1 I made the components of this arrangement intertwine with each other – giving the visitors something to explore and walk through in order to make the pavilion more interactive and an exciting place to visit.
Arrangement 3 – arrangement 1
developing
Idea 2 outcome –
using the triangular and geometric formation of the 3 arrangements I created a pavilion and also increased the scale of the arrangements in order to create a large structure in which the visitors can interact with. This is evident as there is spaces on top, outside ad underneath the pavilion.
Close up of viewing area
Reflection: I like the outcome if idea 2 however I will not take a lot of inspiration from it sine it is too simple to incorporate into my final model and the scale is too small. However, I will take into consideration how the different pats of the pavilion merge with each other to form one large structure – this is something I hope to achieve in my final outcome.
Idea 3 This idea was influenced by the Schlumberger Gould Research Centre where the roof was a tensile structure. I was inspired by the design given that it allowed for an open and free flowing structure.
Tensile 1
Using inspiration from the Schlumberger Gould Research Centre I create a set of tensile structure and incorporated viewing platforms/sections into them in order to see how they would fit into the pavilion
Tensile 2
Side view
Top view
Changing the scale of this tensile structure made it more suitable for a city given that it would fit into the other large buildings that may surround it. The larger scale also means that it is tall enough for the viewing area to overlook a city.
Tensile 3 I rotated the structure on the previous slide 90 degrees clockwise and anti clockwise which create 2 variations. Making the model vertical added considerable height to it which allowed me to include the functions of it, in it more easily.
Eating area/ cafĂŠ on top of pavilion Viewing area
Top viewing platform
Eating area
Stairs to top
Lower viewing platform
Development of tensile structures
I created my own set of tensile structures inspired by my 3 tensile models
Development of chosen sketch I developed my initial sketch in order to meet the specification of my brief, I added outdoor viewing platforms where the visitors are able to go to the very top of the tensile structure in order to see the view of the city. The red in the two sketches represent the viewing platforms. In the image above I rotated the the initial sketch in order to show what the front view of the pavilion would look like.
Addition of windows to make structure closed
I began by experimenting with the composition of the viewing platforms as I wanted to place them in a way that they would easily integrate with the tensile structure in order to make it look apart of it. I decided to have 2 viewing platforms as this would increase the surface area of the space that the visitors could use on top of the structure. I deiced not to incorporate windows in the design as I wanted it to be an open and free flowing pavilion.
Idea 3 outcome
Stairs to lower viewing platform Back view of the pavilion
Upper viewing platform
Lower viewing platform
Back elevation
Side elevation
My final outcome for idea 2 contains a large and shaded seating area for visitors where they can gather/rest. I decided to create a large shaded area in order to protect the visitors from all types of weather – sun or rain – people are able to visit the pavilion.
Upper viewing platform
Lower viewing platform
Idea 4 For idea 3 I decided to take inspiration from natural forms like architect Kere did in his serpentine gallery pavilion. I chose to take influence from the structure of shells
Shell 1
I recreated the structure of the shell and used parts of it to create a pavilion The main purpose of the pavilion below is for it to be used as a viewing point where people can look out upon a city. The design of it is inspired by the holes like holes in the shell which provided suitable outdoor space for a viewing balcony.
Shell 2
Section view – containing a cafÊ.
I have taken inspiration from the ridges of this shell in order to transform it into a functionable structure.
Exterior of the pavilion
Shell 2 development I created a model using the curvature nature of the shell in the previous slide as my initial drawings looked too much like the shell itself. This helped me create more complicated and striking models that have the qualities of the shell (curves) but does not exactly look like it.
I took the shape of the plan view of the model on the previous slide in order to develop the pavilion and make it look less like a shell and more like a structure which people and enter and exit.
Idea 3 outcome This outcome is partially successful as it is an open space where the visitors are able to flow freely in and out of the structure, however it does not meet the specifications of having a viewing balcony, which is one of the vital feature of my pavilion.
Entrance
Development towards final outcome
Reflection: I used inspiration from idea 2 and idea 3 in the development towards my final design. I used the design idea from idea 2 of the lines that assist in holding up the structure and keeping together, whist adding a creative design to it. I will lines(wire) to hold up the tensile part of my structure. I took inspiration from idea 3 and tensile structure given thatit is the most suitable type of structure and material for the purpose of my pavilion which will need to cater for a seating and viewing area. The large tensile structure part of my final outcome will be ale to protect the visitors from all types of weather. I have developed the tensile structure in order for it to accommodate this. I began by creating a series of spaces underneath it to make the structure more complex.
Idea 2
Idea 3
Tensile part of my final outcome which covers half of the viewing balcony and half of the seating area located on the ground floor of the pavilion.
Spaces under tensile structure
Draft model of final pavilion
Using my development ideas on the previous page I have created a draft version of what my CD outcome form my final pavilion will look like. I think that the piece is successful as I have incorporate a space under the tensile structure which also acts as a viewing balcony – (around the whole pavilion).
Final Outcome
Close up of seating area and viewing balcony
Left and right views
Side elevation
Plan view In my opinion my final outcome is successful as it meets all the specifications and it is also an open and free flowing structure given that there are no walls. The viewing balcony is integrated into the structure as it is located under the tensile structure which covers half of the balcony. Underneath the viewing area is a large seating area where people are free to sit and can even wall through/underneath the whole structure.
B a c k
F r o n t