9.1.2 Paper 2

 Liminality - Liminality or the liminal refers to transitional space – “neither one place nor another, but a third space in-between.”  In-Between Space: - In-between space is one of the liminal states of architecture. This is the area of high intensity; undefined space: waiting for the prevailing effect of one of the reactions that surrounds it, and as a result of the prevailing endurance of any of these reactions, it becomes the space of tension. This tension defines a state of space which might be considered as the instability of space.  Heterotopia -In-between space introduced in the position of wall, and conducted as a design principle is a heterotopian element, and also, multiplied it blurs the line between architecture and these "other places”.  The Expanded Space: -The paper depicts cyberspace as the expanded space. The virtuality serves a platform for spaces expandable beyond imagination.

3 concepts of 'occupying in-between'

A. The Concept of Time-based Spatial Transformation- "The concept of time transformation negates the idea of fixed architecture, in terms of its spatial paralysis, questioning the possibility of flexible spatial structure, and methods for its use." B. The Concept of Suggestion of Spatial Transformation"The reduction of architectural elements that make the architectural space is a basis for exploration of spatial experience of in-between space." C. The Concept of Content Visibility – Spontaneous City Voyeurism- this concept deals with the transparency as the tool to examine the relationship between internal and external spaces. 6

Design consideration: - Employing the method of dissolution for content visibility like usage of glass instead of concrete walls.

9.1.2 Paper 2

This paper introductorily talks about various methods/processes which enform a threshold space as a unique transformative space (layering, dissolution, dissociation and blurring are some of the commonly and widely discussed processes that we already saw in paper one). The idea put forth of liminal spaces being a transformative space which connects two dissimilar spaces is quite evident here.

6 (Marić, 2011)

One of the section titled 'Architectural issues' briefly describes Michael Graves' take on the modernism's use of glass plane, which according to him, creates a homogenous world. The differences of outside and insides begin to dissolve due to glass panes which are used for walls. Arnold van Gennep in his researchers to study cultural rites of passage concluded that each rite of passage consists of three major phases: separation, transition or liminality, and incorporation.

3Glass House, Philip Johnson, New cannan, CT 4Clark County Public Library, Michael Graves, Las Vegas, NV

5Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe, Peter Eisenman, Berlin, Germany

7 8

6San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane, Francesco, Borromini, Rome, Italy

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"The person experiencing the liminal stage has left the previous state but has not yet entered the coming state. It is this in-between stage that characterizes the liminal as transitional."

7 www.matthewlangley.com 8 www.library.unlv.edu 9 www.ivan-herman.net