Endangered Species Essay

TheEndangeredSpeciesActatTwenty–five

TheEndangeredSpeciesAct(ESA)wasenactedin1973toshowthatspecieshave"ecological, educational,historical,recreational,andscientificvalue"Thiscongressionalenactmentwantedto protectendangeredspeciesfromtheeffectsofmajoreconomicdevelopmentwhichtypicallyput themtothewayside.However,thegoodintentionsoftheESAwere,itcausedaplethoraof controversythatstillmakesitaheatedtopictoday.Themainreasonofthecontroversytrickles downfromtheeconomicaspectsoftheactthattendtobeoverlookedwhichcausesittobehardto enactincertaincircumstancesTomaketheESAmoreeffectiveforbothhumansandthe endangeredspeciestheeconomicimplicationsofprotectingthesespeciesmustbeaddressed.The threemajorfactorsthatinfluencethisareeconomiccircumstancesofanarea,scarcity,and incentivesshowmorecontent

Whenapotentialendangeredspeciesisfoundinacertainareathecommercialinterestof landownersmustbeweighedaswellastheconsequencesofthespeciesnotbeingprotected.There mustbeabalancebetweenthebiologicalandeconomicalinteresttofindacost–effectivesolution thatprotectsboththelandownerandspecies.Next,scarcitymustbeconsideredassocietywillhave todecidebetweensavingaspeciesandagoodorservicetheyvaluejustasmuchLastly,incentives mustbeinplacetorewardlandownersforgivinguplandorelsetheymaynotreportendangered speciesontheirpropertyforfearoflosingitandthusloseincome.Alltogethertheseeconomic precedentsmustbeusedtobetterimplementtheESAbyweighinghowhumancircumstanceseffect speciesriskofextinction,thecostsofprotectionweighedagainstothersocietalgoals,andbyusing incentivestohelpopenupmoreopportunitieswith

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EndangeredSpecies

By:BreannaBlansette

Doyouknowhowmanyendangeredspeciesthereareinthisworldtoday?Therearemanythings thatpeoplecandotohelpsaveendangeredspeciesfrombecomingextinct."Miningcompanies,oil companies,andlarge–scaleagriculturaloperationsallthreatenvulnerablespeciestoacertain degree,bynatureoftheirextractiveactivities,anddevelopmentofpreviouslyuntouchedareasof land."(Whittaker).Manydifferentspeciesarebecomingendangeredbecauseofthethingsthatare goingonaroundthem,theirhabitatsarebeingdestroyedsotheydon'thaveanywheretogotobe safe

Therearemanydifferentspeciesofanimalsthatarebecomingendangeredorextinct,someofwhich aretheSageGrouse."Atleast200protestshavebeenfiledagainstthefederalplanstohelptryand savetheendangeredspeciesofSageGrouse,fromeverydirection.TheWesternEnergyAlliance saysoilandgasdevelopmentisundulyrestricted"(Peterson)Somestatescomplainthattheypeople havewaytoomuchsayintryingtodecidewhathappenstothesebirdsandothersthinktheydon't haveagoodenoughopinion.IthinkpeopleshouldbeabletostatetheirideasandthoughtsbutI don'tthinktheyshouldbeabletodecidewhatgetstohappentothatspeciesofanimal.

WhyareSageGrousesoimportanttotheworld'secosystemtoday?"Thissensitivitymakesgreater sagegrouseastrongindicatorofecosystemhealth:Ifthey'renotthrivingacrossthevast

PersuasiveEssayOnEndangeredSpecies

Asthepopulationofushumansgrow,moreandmoreenvironmentalproblemsaredevelopingsuch asglobalwarming,pollution,andanimalextinction.Unfortunately,endangeredspeciesare threatenedbyhumanpopulationaswegrowandconsumeresourcesatcompulsiverate,and endangeredspeciesaremostlikelytogoextinctifwedonottakeaction.Fromanimals,wetendto consumeoursourcesofproteinwhichmeanskillinganimalsinorderforourselvestosurviveFor example,thefishprovides15percentofproteinconsumedbyhumanbeings,whichputstheAtlantic bluefintunaatrisk.Inaddition,increaseinhumanpopulationimpactsclimatechangewhichis bringingPolarBearscloserandclosertoextinctionRecently,thepublicandtheshowmore content...

Byusinganalternativetopesticidessuchas...cannotonlyprotectanimalsandkeepthemfrom goingextinctanditcanalsoprotectyourfamilyfromharmfulchemicals.Anotherwaywecan reducepollutioninourenvironmentistowalkorrideyourbicycletoworkinsteaddrivingbecause fuelfromvehiclespollutetheairWecanalsosaveenergybyturningthelightsoffbeforeleaving theroomandturningoffthetelevisionwhenitisnotbeingused.Furthermore,thiswillreduce emissionsfromcoal–firedelectricityplants,andalsosaveyoumoneyonyourelectricitybill. Takingactiontoreducepollutioninourenvironmentwillsaveendangeredanimalsfromgoing extinct.

AnotheraspectthatputsanimalsatriskisproductsmadefromanimalsEveryyear,millionsof animalsarekilledforfashion.Animalsareharshlytreated,trapped,andkilledundervery devastatingcircumstancesinordertoproducefashionitemssuchasleatherboots,furcoats,and beltsUnfortunately,asconsumers,wedonotthinkaboutthetortureanimalsgothroughjustsowe canwearfashionableclothing.Sheepareshearedforthefureveryyearandshearingtoolatecauses alossofwool.Becauseofthis,sheepareshearedtoosooneveryyearanddiefrompremature shearing.Chiruisanendangeredspecies

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Didyouknowthatthereareoveronethousandendangeredspeciesofanimalsintheworldasof today?WildlifeConservationistheproceedingofsavinganimalandplantspeciesfrombecoming endangeredIftheyarealreadyendangered,peoplesetupwaystosavethespeciesfrombecoming extinct.ExtinctioniswhenaspeciesisnolongeronEarthandthespecieswillnolongerbe reproduced.InthisessaywewilldiscusstheissueofWildlifeEndangermentcausedbyhuman activities,naturalcauses,andsomewaysthatpeoplearetryingtofixtheissueasawholeHumans arebecominganincreasingproblemonwildlifeendangermenteverysingleday.Ourhomesand citiestakeupmanyanimalandplanthabitats.Whentheanimalsandplantslosetheirhabitatthey havenowhereelsetogo.Theanimalshavetomigrateawayfromthecity'sandhouseswhichcould beverybadbecausetheymaynotbesuitedtosucceedintheirnewenvironment.Theplantscan't moveawayfromthecitiesorhousessotheyusuallyendupdieingbecausehumanscutdowntrees andplantsthatstandinthewaytomakethehousesandbigbuildingsinthecity.Tomakethe housesweneedwoodfromtreesasabuildingblockforthestructureofthebuilding.Humanschop downwholeforestsinordertogetthewoodThisisknowasTreeDeforestationInaforestthere areanabundanceofplantsthatliveonthegroundandevenonthetrees.Therearealsomany speciesofinsects,reptiles,mammals,andbirdsthat

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TheEndangeredSpeciesAct

Introduction:

Long–termsurvivalofaspeciesdependsonitsabilitytoadapttochangingenvironmental conditions(Murphy,1994).Geneticdiversitywithinaspecies,whichhastaken3.5billionyearsto evolve,makesadaptationstothesechangingenvironmentspossible.Unfortunately,therateof extinctionofgeneticallydiverseorganismsisrapidlyincreasing,thusreducingthisneeded biodiversity,largelyduetothehumanimpactsofdevelopmentandexpansion.Whatwasanaverage ofoneextinctionperyearbeforeisnowoneextinctionperhourandextinctspeciesnumbersare expectedtoreachapproximatelyonemillionbytheyear2000(WWWsite,Bio65).Asaresult governmentalandsocietalactionmust...showmorecontent...

Thepenaltiesinvolvedinviolationoftheselawsincludefinesupto100,000dollarsandoneyearin prison.Organizationalviolationsinclude200,000dollarfinesandconfiscationofallequipmentused (WWWsite,ESA).Sinceitsinduction,theEndangeredSpeciesAct(ESA)hasentered967species onitslistandhas421morelabeledaspossiblecandidatesand4,000othersas(speciesofconcern (WWWsite,Whatis..).Overtheyears,only22specieshavebeenremovedwithathirdofthem becomingextinctregardless,athirdrecoveringfully,andathirdputonmistakably(WWWsite, Whatis..).Intermsofthetakingaspectofthelawiswherethecontroversybegins.TheTakings Clauseofthefifthamendmentstates,norshallprivatepropertybetakenforpublicuse,withoutjust compensation(Pendley,1995)Thismeansthatanyendangeredspeciesonanowner'sprivateland mustbecompensatedfor.Regrettably,theESAof1973fellshortofitshighexpectationsandhas completelyfaileduptothispointfromamultitudeofdiscoveredflawsintheauthorizationofthe lawfromthestart.

ProblemswiththeESAof1973:

Theproblemswhichhavearisensince1973seemtobeendless.Firstofall,thetimeneededtoput anendangeredspeciesonthelistismuchtoolongBythetimemostspeciesgetonthelist,theyare onthebrinkofextinction.Second,private

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Howwouldyoufeelifsomeofyourfavoriteanimalsbecameextinct?Throughouthistoryanimals havealwaysstruggledtosurvive.Inrecentyears,manystudieshaveshownspeciesarebecoming extinctfordifferentreasons.Somespeciesendangeredstatusarecreatedbycompetitionwithother species,naturaldisasters,diseasesandevenhumaninvolvement.Theseendangeredspeciesshould bepreservedbecauseoftheeffectsithasonotheranimals,thesignificanceofeachanimalonthe ecosystem,andbecauseoftherolehumanstakeontheirendangerment.

Somepeoplemightnotknowwhatanextinctspeciesisorwhyitisimportantthataspecies disappearsAnextinctspeciesisonethathascompletelydiedout;livingindividualsofthiskindno longerexist.Bythisdefinitionthedeathofeveryindividualofthatspeciesisconsideredan extinction.Thisisabigissueforanentirespeciestodieoutandnolongerexistonthisplanet.And thisisimportantbecause,anyendangeredspeciesisathreattothenaturalbalanceoflifeonEarth. Everysingleorganisminanecosystemdependsoneachothertosurvive.Alltheplantsandanimals intheworldareconnectedtoeachotherintheweboflifethatholdsthemtogetherWiththese statementspeoplecanhaveabetterunderstandingofthisserioussituation.

Eachspecieslivesindifferentenvironmentssotheirendangermentmaybecausebydifferentthings. Oneexampleisthat,"Habitatdestructionisamajorcauseof

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Introduction

Anendangeredspeciesisagroup(population)ofplants,animalsorotherorganismsthatisindanger ofbecomingextinct.Thiscouldhappenbecausetherearefewofthatanimalleft,itspredatorshave growninnumber,ortheclimatethatitlivesinischanging,ortheplacesitlivesinhavebeen destroyed.TheWorldConservationUnion(IUCN)hasworkedoutthatendangeredspeciesare40% ofallorganisms.Thisresearchpaperaimstoseewhyweshouldprotecttheendangeredspecies, waystoprotectandthecausesofendangeredspeciesbecomingmoreandmoreSomepeopledonot reallyunderstandtheimportanceofkeepingahealthypopulationofanimalsorplantsintheplanet sothisreportwillshowyouwhatwehadshowmorecontent

Everythingstaysrighthereontheplant.Helpwithbreeding

Therearebreedingprogramsouttherethathelpanimalsfrombecomingextinct.Youcanjointhe program,it'sgoingtotakeyourmoneybutit'sgoingtobeworthsavingtheanimalsandplants ControllinghuntingAlotofcountriesallowacertainnumbersofanimalstobehuntedbutnomore. Ifanyhuntersdoesn'tfollowthelaws,thewillbecharged.

ConclusionTheamountofendangeredspecieshasbeenrisingduetohumanfactorssuchashunting andoverexploitationSoofthis,weshouldprotecttheendangeredspeciesandstopthemfrom risingtheamount.Wecandotheeasywayslike,becarefulaboutwhatwebuybecausethereisno "away"tothrowtrash,everythingstaysontheplants,aseasyasitlooks,wealreadyprotectthem. Weshouldconservethemnotonlybecausetheybenefitusbutbecausetheyplayaroleinnatureand havearighttosurvive.

Reference

–ThemeaningofendangeredspeciesRetrievedfrom

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RichardNixononcesaid,"Nothingismorepricelessandworthyofpreservationthanthericharray ofanimallifewithwhichourcountryhasbeenblessed."Theworldisfullofawidevarietyof animalandplants.Ontheotherhand,someofthatvarietyisendangered.Thedefinitionofan endangeredspeciesisaspeciesthatisatacriticalriskofextinction.Notonlycandifferentspecies beendangered,theycanalsobecategorizedintosixmajorcategorieswhichare;vulnerable, endangered,criticallyendangered,andextinctinthewild.TheIUCN(InternationalUnionfor ConservationofNature)isoneofthemainresourcesforthecategorizationofthesespecies.The GenusnameisMacacasilenusanditisapartoftheendangeredspeciescategoryThisliontailed macaqueisendangeredbecauseofdeforestationoftheirhabitat.Itisestimatedthatthereareless thanonethousandindividualsremainingintheirhabitatsinIndia.Duringthelastfewdecadesthere hasbeenadramaticdecrease.Thisspecieshasdeclinedduetohabitatfragmentation(Singh).This formofdeforestationiscausedbecauseofthemajorincreaseinagricultureintheIndianmountains. Whiledeforestationistheleadingcauseintheirendangeredstatus,itisnottheonlyreasonOverthe yearstherehasbeenanincreaseinsheltersandsafezonesforthisspecies,butwilltheirpopulation continuetodecrease?liontailedmacaqueisalsocalledtheWanderoo,whichisthecommonname, isaprimatethatspendsmostoftheirlifespaninthetreesoftheWesternGhatsmountainrangein threesouthernstatesinIndia.Whichare,Kerala,TamilNaduandKarnataka.Thisspeciescan weighuptotwenty–twopoundsandcanreachthelengthoftwenty–fourincheslongwhenin adulthood(IUCN).Theyhaveadarkblackslimbodywithalighterareawithagreysilveryfurthat hangsdownsurroundingtheface.Theyreceivethename"theliontailedmacaque"becauseoftheir tail,whichislongtuftandslenderTheliontailedmacaqueisconsideredthemostendangeredand smallestgroupofthespeciesthemacaquemonkey.Monkeysofthisspeciestypeonlyliveinsmall familygroupsofthreetofourwhichusuallyarecomposedofafemale,her

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PersuasiveSpeechOnEndangeredAnimals

Animalsareslowlydyingoffandifwedon'tdosomething,wecouldlosethemforever.Extinction isawellknownthinginourworldtoday.Manyanimalsareendangered,meaningtheyarecloseto goingextinct.Somecommonendangeredanimalsare,polarbears,bluewhales,andpenguins,to nameafew.Whilesomeoftheanimalsthatareendangeredarenotofusetous,manyare.Andjust becauseananimalisn'tofusetous,doesn'tmeanweshouldn'tsaveit,becausewearethemain reasontheyareendangered.Lotsofanimalsareendangeredandwearen'tdoingenoughtohelp themstayalive,becauseofthisweneedtobringawarenesstomorepeopleabouttheissue,anddo moreasindividualstohelpthecause

Entirespeciesgoingextinctisawellknownthinginourworld,andspeciesbeingendangeredisnot arareoccurrence.Butthisneedstochange.Therearesomanyspeciesthatareendangered,thelist goesonandon.Andthemainreasontheyareendangeredisbecauseofus.Wearecuttingdownthe foreststheylivein,andpollutingtheairwithgasfromourcars.Thisleadstowarmingtheearth, whichleadstomeltingice,andlotsofotherplaceswheremanyendangeredspeciesliveWeare workingtosaveanimals,butsincetherearesomanyendangeredanimalswearepickingand choosingourfavorites,ortheonesthataremostusefultous.Butshouldn'twebetryingtosave themall?Theanswerisyes,becausetheyallplayapartinourecosystem,andtheyareareliving things.Oneday,maybeyourgreat,great,great,great,grandkidswillwonderwhatitwasliketo havepolarbearsaround,orpenguins,orpandas!Imagineifwecouldmakeitsotheyneverhaveto wonder,becausetheyalreadyknow?Yestherearemanythingshappeningtomakethisstop,but therearealsonotenoughthingshappeningtomakeitstop.

TherearemanythingswecandotohelpthisproblemForstarters,bringingawarenesstothecause, andtellingpeoplehowtheycanhelp.Thesimplestthingthatpeoplecandoisdonatemoneytohelp theorganizationshelpingtheanimals,andsaveenergybyusingsolarpanels,biodiesel,andother thingslikethat.Youcanalsomakeyourhomewildlifefriendly.Simplethingsthatdon't

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PersuasiveSpeech

Backin2014,CoreyKnowltonwasthetargetofcountlessdeaththreatsandcriticism.Thecausefor allofitwashisaccidentalpurchaseofahuntingpermit.Hehadpaid$350,000atanauctionfora huntingtriptoNamibiatokillanendangeredspecieswhichcausedalotofbacklash.The endangeredspecieswastheblackrhinoMostpeopleseenthisasaharmfulmovefortheblackrhino speciesbutwhatmostpeoplefailtorealizeisthatitisinfactanefforttohelpimproveandpreserve theconservationsoftheseanimals.

TheamountofmoneythatisraisedfortheseconservationsisextremelylargeOver$11million dollarshasbeenraisedtohelptheNamibianeconomyandconservationsinNamibia.Inaddition, thecountry ...Getmorecontent...

TheEndangeredSpeciesActwasenactedbyCongressin1973.AccordingtoReference1,thisact requiresthefederalgovernmenttoprotectendangeredspecies,threateningspecies,andtheircritical habits.Animalsareprotectedfrombeingharmed,sold,ortradedandplantsareprotectediftheyare onfederalproperty.Theconservationsuccessofthisactisveryimportantbecauseitsaveswildlife andplantsfromgoingextinctManypeopledonotrealizethatthelossofaspeciescanbedisastrous forourecosystem.Reference1listssixsuccessstoriesofendangeredspeciesundertheact.The successstoriesareofthebaldeagle,floridapanther,graywolf,grizzlybear,peregrinefalcon,and thered–cockadedwoodpeckerTheEndangeredshowmorecontent

InReference3,LouisaWilcox(NaturalResourcesDefenseCouncilMember)talksabouthow gratefulsheistotheEndangeredSpeciesActforallowinggrizzlybearstostriveintheYellowstone NationalPark.Shereported,"Afterlisting,thegovernmentcleanedupthemassivegarbage problemsinYellowstonePark,whichreducedthehabituationofbearstohumanfoods–apatternthat oftenleadstogrizzlydeaths"Asaresult,theYellowstonegrizzlypopulationhasmorethan doubled.Inordertomeasurethesuccessofmorespeciesbesidesthegrizzlybear,theCenterfor BiologicalDiversitytestedtherecoveryrateof110listedspecies.Theresultwasaremarkable ninetypercent.

IdoagreewiththeevidencethattheEndangeredSpeciesActhasbeenaconservationsuccess. ThereisnodenyingthatthisacthashelpedthousandsofanimalsandthestatisticsproveitA recoveryrateofninetypercentnotonlyshowsitssuccess,butitspotentialforfuturesuccessas well.Iaccepttheclaimsmadeinthearticlesandthereissufficientvalidsupporttotheclaims providedbyorganizationsliketheNationalWildlifeFederation,NaturalResourcesDefense Council,andtheCenterforBiological ...Getmorecontent...

ImpactOfEndangeredSpecies

Thisreportwillbediscussingandtalkingaboutendangeredspeciesandtheimpactstheyhaveon ecosystems.Endangeredspeciesisaspeciesofanimalorplantsatriskofextinctionbecauseof humanactivity,changesinclimate,ruiningofecosystems,etc.Thisreportwillbesplitintodifferent sectionsdiscussingdifferentexamplesofendangeredspeciesandtheimpactsthattheyhaveon differentecosystems Bluewhales,weighinginat200tonnesarethelargesteverknownanimaltoliveontheplanet. Sadly,afterwhalinghasoccurredithasmadethespeciesendangeredwithonly10000to25000 remainingBluewhalesplayasignificantroleinkeepingthefoodchainstableandhelpingwiththe reproductionofotherspecies.Inthemarineecosystemwhaleshelpcontrolthedistributionoffood byhelpingtokeepastablefoodchainandensuringthatcertainmarinespeciesdonotoverpopulate theocean,however,Bluewhalesarebeingkilledandthefooddistributionintheoceanisbecoming unstableandcausingmajorchangesinthefoodsupplyofmanyothermarinelifeABlueWhaleis abletoconsumeasmuchas40millionkrillperday,sotheimpactonthemarineecosystemwould behugebecauseovertimekrillwilloverpopulatewhichcausesproblemsinmaintainingafoodchain becausethemorekrillthereisthemorefoodtheywilleatsobecauseoftheirnewoverpopulationit couldmakeotheranimalsbecomeextinct.IfBlueWhalesbecomeextinctthenmarinelifewill

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Humansaredestructive.Notalotofusthinkabouthowwhatwedoaffectstheworldaroundus.We almostactlikewearetheonlyonesonthisplanet.Wegoaroundpollutinganddestroyingourworld withnoregardforouractions.Thethingsthatliveoutinthewildarepayingthepriceforit.Every daythatpassesthereisanotheranimalorplantthatisplacedonanendangeredlist.Thisis happeningatanalarmingrateBecauseofman'sdesiretoexpandandconquertheirsurroundings, thereareanimalsandplantsthatareonthebrinkofextinctionthatwillnotbearoundforourkids andfuturegenerationstoenjoyifsomethingisnotdoneaboutitnow.Thisproblemhasbeengoing onforhundredsofyearsThereareanimalsandshowmorecontent

Thebestthingtohappenasofyettoadvocateforpreservationofournature'sbeautifulthingsisThe EndangeredSpeciesAct.

Firstenactedin1973,theEndangeredSpeciesActisoneofthemostcriticallawsthathavebeenput inplacetoprotectourenvironmentandtheorganismsthatliveinitItprotectsmorethanthe threatenedandendangeredanimals,infact.Whenrestrictionsareplacedoncertainactivities becauseoftheirpotentialtoaffectthreatenedorendangeredorganisms,thosesamerestrictionsserve toadegreetoprotectthenon–threatened,non–endangeredorganismsthatliveinassociationwith them.Entireecosystemsareoftenprotected.Some,however,aremorecriticaloftheEndangered SpeciesActthantheyarecomplimentaryTheycontenditshouldeitherbeabolishedorgreatly paireddown.SupportersoftheAct,inturn,oftenarguethattheActshouldbestrengthened.The intentofthispaperistoexplorebothsidesofthisargumentandtotryandreachaconclusionasto exactlywhatshouldhappentotheEndangeredSpeciesAct

TheeffectivenessoftheEndangeredSpeciesActishardtoargue.TheUSFishandWildlifeService Reports(2009)thattwenty–twospeciesthatareatonetimelistedasendangeredhavenowbeen takenoffthelistastheyarenolongerendangered.Onlytwospeciesthatwereeverputonthelist priortotheiractualextinctionhave

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EndangeredTigersTodaywildtigersexistinEasternRussia,China,Vietnam,Cambodia,North Korea,Thailand,Malaysia,Indonesia,Bhutan,IndiaandNepal.Inordertoliveinthewild,tigers needwatertodrink,animalstohunt,andvegetationinwhichtohide.Asthemountains,jungles, forests,andlonggrassesthathavelongbeenhometotigersdisappear,sotoo,dotigers.Agricultural expansion,timbercutting,newroads,humansettlement,industrialexpansionandhydroelectric damspushtigersintosmallerandsmallerareasofland.Thesesmallareasofforestsaresurrounded byrapidlygrowingandrelativelypoorhumanpopulations,includingincreasingnumbersofillegal huntersTigerscompetewithanexpandinghumanshowmorecontent

Lackingfunds,organization,andcompensationforhighriskwork,training,campsinsidethe protectedareas,nightpatrols,andresourcessuchasfirearms,vehicles,andcommunication equipment,theguards'enforcementofanti–huntinglawsislimited.Habitatprotection,when combinedwiththepromotionofalternativestotraditionalChineseremediesandstricterlaw enforcement,isanimportantpartofthestrategytosavethetigerThesinglegreatestthreatof extinctionthatmostAsianwildlife,especiallytheendangeredtigerface,isthemassivedemandfor traditionalmedicine(McCarthy,Dorfman,&Robinson,2004).

TheuseoftigerpartsinChinesemedicineisnothingnew,butithasonlybeeninrecentyearsthat theincreaseinthestandardoflivinginSoutheastAsiahasmadetheremediesavailabletomost peopleWithmorepeoplewantingthesetraditionalremedies,therehasbeenagreatereffecton wildlifenumbersandthedemandfortigerparts.InmanyplacesinChina,tigerpartsareadelicacy thatisservedatspecialprivatebanquets.Theuseoftigerproductsandtheirmedicinesisseenasa symbolofhighstatusandwealthSomeremedieslisttigerpartsasaningredient,buttherealanimal partsaresoexpensivethatoftenthemedicinesmayhaveonlytraceelements,buteventhisisnot enoughtodiscouragethecontinued

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TheImpactoftheEndangeredSpeciesActof1973Atthestartofthe1900s,theAmericanpublic wasstartingtoseetheeffectsofextinction.Thebisonpopulation,forexample,wasrapidly declining,yetthepublicwasoblivious.Thousandsofdifferentspecieswerebeingkilledfor recreationalpurposes,museumexhibits,andclothingitems.Noonerealizedthethreatbecause manythoughtanimalnumberswerelargeatthetimeShockingly,evennaturalistswerekilling animalsfordifferentstudies.

Thespecieslosswasnottheonlyproblem.Habitatlosswasjustasbig.Whenlargecorporations wantedtoexpandtheiroperationsandsetupnewofficebuildingsorlargehousingdevelopments, therewerenodevelopmentrestrictionsholdingthem...showmorecontent...

TheEndangeredSpeciesAct(ESA)wassignedintolawbyPresidentRichardNixononDecember 28,1973.TheU.S.SupremeCourtfoundthat"theplainintentofCongressinenacting"theESA "wastohaltandreversethetrendtowardspeciesextinction,whateverthecost." (biologicaldiversityorg)CountlessextinctionsofpreciousanimalsforcedCongresstotakeastand andprioritizethewellbeingofanimalsalongwithotherimportantnationalissueslikewarandcivil rights.UndertheESA,specieswereputonalistinoneoffourdifferentcategories:extinct, endangered,threatened,anddelisted.Toheadtheextensiveproject,CongressputtheU.S.Fishand WildlifeServiceincharge.TheWildlifeServiceimmediatelywenttoworktotrytolevelthe numbersofthreatenedanimalsOneofthefirstspeciesonthelistwasthetimberwolf,aWisconsin native,whowaslistedasendangeredbecauseofoverhuntingduetothedemandforitsfur.Inthe firstyearoftheESA,morethan1,000newspecieswereaddedtothelist,andthroughtheyearsthat numberkeptrisingthankstotheeffortsofwildlifeactivists,Congress,andtheUSWildlife

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Endangermentisabroadissue,onethatinvolvestheanimalsaswellastheenvironmentswherethey liveandinteractwithoneanother.Inordertosolveorevenslightlyelevatethisproblem,every aspectmustbestudied.Soexactlywhatcouldcausetheendangermentofanimals?Thereareseveral factorsofwhichonlyafewwillbediscussed.

OneofthemainaspectsisthatofhabitatdestructionOfcourseourplanetiscontinuallychanging, causinghabitatstobealteredandmodified,butthesetendtohappenatagradualpace.Thisallows mostspeciestoadapttothechangingenvironment,whereonlyaslightimpactmaytakeplace. However,whenchangesoccuratafastpace,thereislittleornotimeforshowmorecontent Duetothismoratorium,somewhalespecies,suchastheGreywhale,havemadearemarkable comeback,whileothersstillremainendangered(Reichhardtp.322).

Disease,pollution,andlimiteddistributionaremorefactorsthatthreatenvariousplantandanimal species.Ifaspeciesdoesnothavethenaturalgeneticprotectionagainstparticularpathogens,an introduceddiseasecanhavesevereeffectsonthatspecieForexample,rabiesandcaninedistemper virusesarepresentlydestroyingcarnivorepopulationsinEastAfrica(Campbell).Domesticanimals oftentransmitthediseasesthataffectwildpopulations;demonstratingagainhowhumanactivities lieattherootofmostcausesofendangerment.Pollutionhasseriouslyaffectedmultipleterrestrial andaquaticspecies,andlimiteddistributionsarefrequentlyaconsequenceofotherthreats; populationsconfinedtofewsmallareasduetoofhabitatloss,forexample,maybedisastrously affectedbyrandomfactors.

Thebenefitsofsavingendangeredspeciesaregreatinnumbers.Manyplantsandanimalshold medicinal,agricultural,commercialandrecreationalvaluesTheymustallbeprotectedandsavedso thatfuturegenerationscanexperiencetheirpresenceandvalue.

Plantsandanimalsareresponsiblyforavarietyofusefulmedications.Infactaboutfortypercentof allprescriptionswritten

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EndangeredAnimals

EndangeredInsects

Theterm"endangered"isusedtodescribeaspeciesthatisataseriousriskofextinction.The amountofspeciesthatareconsideredatriskiscontinuouslyincreasing.Becauseofpollutionand/or globalwarming,multipledifferentspecieshavebecome,andarebecoming,endangered;thusalso causingissuesintheirenvironmentsThepurposeofthisessayistoshedlightonthecurrent situationofendangeredinsects.ItwillbefocusingonbumblebeesandHine'semeralddragonfliesin particular.

Assmallastheyseem,beesareacrucialfactorinhumanlifeThisisbecauseofthesimplefactthat beespollinateourplants.Bumblebees,inparticular,pollinatefromspringtolate–fall.Manyplants cannotproducefoodwithoutinsectpollination,suchtomatoes,cranberries,andpeppers.Thebee populationisextremelyimportantbecausenobeesmeansnofood.Yet,withinrecentyears,several beespecieshavebeenofficiallyaddedtotheUSendangeredspecieslist.Theirdecreasednumbers areduetomultiplefactors;suchasclimatechange,pesticideuse,anddisease"Beesaredyingoutat thesouthernendoftheirrangebecauseoftheriseofextremeheatwaves."[1]Formanyother species,asclimatechanges,theymove.However,bumblebeesarenotdoingthesame."ManyNorth AmericanandEuropeanbumblebeesarefailingtotrackwarmingbycolonizingnewnorthern habitats."[2]Thus,thebeesaresimplydisappearingfromsouthernareas.Besidesclimate

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EndangeredSpecies

Manyspeciesvitaltoensuringthattoday'senvironmentwillthrivearebecomingextinct.Ifaspecies isslowlydwindling,andinimminentdangerofbecomingnonexistent,thisspeciesisconsideredto beendangered."Oneinfourmammals,oneineightbirds,onethirdofallamphibiansand70%of theworld'sassessedplantsonthe...IUCNRedListareinjeopardy"(IUCN,2016).Accordingtothe InternationalUnionforConservationofNature,orIUCN,upwardsof16,000speciesarethreatened withextinction,includingbothplantsandanimals(IUCN,2016).Beforebecomingendangered,a specieswillshowwarningsigns,eitherbystartingtolosebiologicaldiversityorbylosingthe habitatsforthatspeciestoflourishin,orintheworstcase,bothThewordendangeredcan sometimesbeconfusedwiththreatened,extirpated,orextinct.Extirpatedreferstothestateofa specieswhereitspopulationhasdiedoutinacertainareaorrange,butotherpopulationsofsaid speciesstillexistelsewhere(Olden,JulianD.,2008).Whenaspeciesisconsideredthreatened,or vulnerable,thisreferstothestateofthespeciesbeingsusceptibletoendangermentandextinction ("Extinctioncrisisescalates")Soifaspeciesisthreatened,thefirstsignsofendangermentcome along,whicharesimilarsignstothatofaspeciesindangerofbecomingthreatened,includinglack ofgeneticdiversity,oroverhuntingmaybeevident.("Extinctioncrisisescalates").Whenaspecies islabelled

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RisksAffectingEVERYONE

Asaspecies,peopletendtoputthemselvesbeforeotherspecies.However,assoonasotherspecies areextinct,theecosystemasawholebecomesharmedwhichaltersallhumanlife.Endangered speciesbegantodiminishwhenhumansbegantointerferewithanimallifeasearlyastheyear1607 whenJamestownwasfoundedThehumanspeciesbegantofeedandprovidesocietywithluxuries attheexpenseofanimals.Inordertosaveendangeredspecies,societymustputinprogress petitions,donatefundstoorganizations,volunteer,andlastlychangethewaythepubliclivesby disregardingopulence

Havingendangeredspeciesisamisfortunesoinordertopreventthis,thegeneralpublicmust contributetowardssavingendangeredspeciesbysigningpetitions.Apetitionisaformalappealto framechangeandismostcommonlyaddressedtoagovernmentofficialorpublicentity.Inthis case,thepetitionistoendextinctionofanimals,forexample,signingtheWorld'sWildlife'sPledge toendwildlifecrimeTheWWPisapledgenevertobuyillegalanimalproductsanddefendthe rightsofanimalsaroundtheworld.TheWWPstopswildlifetradeandcapturesthecriminal networksthatmayprofitfromthem.Petitionsareworldwideandcanbesignedbyeveryoneinany placewherespeciesbecomeendangeredorextinct.Forexample,inKenyathereisapetitiontostop poaching.Duetothepoachingrampageof2012,welostasmanyas384elephantsand29ofthe

EndangeredSpecies

DavidPerez

Mrs.Ashley

English3

September20,2017

Whyshouldweprotectendangeredspecies?Imagineaworldwithoutanimals?Woulditbeabetter worldoraworstone?Everydayashumansevolvewehurttheplanet.Humanshavekilledover 1000speciesaccordingtonationalgeographic.Thehumanracewilleventuallykilleverysingle speciesonearthincludingthemselvesifthehumansdon'tchangetheirwaysoflivingbyprotecting speciesthatareendangered.Endangeredspeciesmoreimportantthanwethink,theyhaveecological valuewhichisimportantbecauseiftheygoextinctthenthewholefoodchainwouldbeadisaster andwouldfall.Alsoprotectingendangeredspeciescanhelpwithbiodiversitywhichwecanbenefit from.Ifendangeredspeciesaren'tcompletelywipedoutthenwecanusethemformoremedical researchAllspecieshaveanimportantroleinthisworld,somecanbenefitfromothersevenfromthe simpletestthings.Everyoneandeverythingonthisearthlivealifeforacertainpurpose,Don'tkill anymoreendangeredanimalsandhelpprotectthembecauseintheenditwillallbeworthit.There isagamecalledJengaandinthegameifyougetridofagoodpiecethatholdsthetowerthenthe wholetowerfalls,thisisthesamewithanimalsbecauseifremovingoneanimalorplantspecies fromtheecosystemitwillaffectthelifeotherorganismsthatinteractwithitandthenthethechain wouldchangeorwouldcrumbledown.AccordingtoScientific

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