Semester- 8 Crossprogramming by Saylee Jain

Cross Programming IR 3019 l L3 Studio Unit Saylee Jain // UG180559

Unit Tutor: Aparajita Basu Unit Assistant: Surabhi Motwani Bachelor’s of Interior Design Spring 2022 l Faculty of Design CEPT University

First Edition This is an academic publication outlining the details of Undergraduate L3 studio unit conducted for the students enrolled in Bachelors of Interior Design for Academic Year 2021-2022. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced in any form, including photocopy and recording without the permission in writing granted from the publishers. Copyright: Faculty of Design, CEPT University

Course Dossier

Cross Programming IR 3019 l L3 Studio Unit

Unit Tutor: Aparajita Basu Unit Assistant: Surabhi Motwani Bachelor’s of Interior Design Spring 2022 l Faculty of Design CEPT University

Studio Team

Aparajita Basu

Surabhi Motwani

Moksha Shah

Ananda Krishnan

Vaishali Odedra

Saylee Jain

Siddharth Sharma

Riddhi Tiwari

Contents a. About the studio • • • • •

Studio Brief Studio Proposal Site Learning Outcomes Studio Timeline

b. Design Project • • • • • •

Introduction of project - Strategy Site & SIte analysis Photomontages Presentation Drawings- part drawings - detail drawings Detail Models 3D’s

c. Design Exercises • • • •

50 examples Old City Cross Programming Construct Photomontages

a. About the studio

Problem Statement Cross Programming is an unplanned and organic condition found in cities, often as a result of hyper-density and a layering of the built environment over time. Can this become a condition or a new methodology, carefully designed, as a means to critique existing typologies and heighten the experiential and ephemeral qualities of space?

Studio Process This studio looked at cross programming as a condition of our crowded Indian cities and re-inserted it into interior space. In current times, when defunct mills are converted into shopping malls and houses into museums, the interchangeability, flexibility as well as fluidity of program demands a critique of the modernist adage ‘form follows function’ and an exploration of new relationships between form and function, all the while expanding the idea of function/use into a broader understanding of a program. Can the idea of cross-programming expand to include design decisions beyond only its function? Can we look at interior spacemaking as a combination of disparate entities or systems in the making of interior elements? Exploration of duality or plurality in its typologies through material, structure, form and colors, textures and finishes learn to respond to the situation to make a proposition.

Studio Proposal Program - The Museum + ? The program of the museum was be developed by the student. In addition to the museum program, students selected one other function and developed it in relation to the museum keeping the physical site context in mind. Many buildings which once defined an era, have become obsolete as they are no longer in use, due to social, cultural and temporal changes. The studio was an attempt to reimagine, repurpose, re-appropriate these spaces to give it a new lease of life?

Learning Outcomes • • • • • •

Identify and list projects/situations in order to describe the idea of cross-programming Make diagrams/constructs in order to express programmatic, structural and spatial relationships. Extract information from the diagrams/constructs in order to translate that into spatial planning. Create different forms of visual representation to evaluate the idea/ position/design strategy. Draw constructed representations to express the final design Translate design into its tectonic expressions

Site The student selected a site of their own choice. The condition was that the building must be located in an urban context. It must either be abandoned, disused or underutilized. Buildings must fall under one of the following eras. • Historical • Industrial • Modern

Studio Timeline

• • • • • •

Warming Up

Midterm Jury

Week 4

Week 8

Week 01-04

Week 05-08

Understanding the ideas/concepts of Cross Programming in various fields Understanding & analising site Developing the Design Strategy Developing a part of the site Detailing out 3 Spatial Elements Design & structure Input sessions with Prof. VR Shah

Student Output: • Program Brief • PhotoMontages • Plans / Sections / 3D / Details Learning Outcomes: • Ability to identify the nature of a concept • Ability to diagram different conditions

• • • • • •

Program Development Understanding & analising site Developing the Design Strategy Developing a part of the site Detailing out 3 Spatial Elements Design & structure Input sessions with Prof. VR Shah

Student Output: • Program Brief • PhotoMontages • Plans / Sections / 3D / Details Learning Outcomes: • Ability to explore the condition of cross-programming through different strategies, within a Site identified as suitable for Adaptive Reuse • Ability to identify site attributes and take design decisions accordingly • Ability to represent ideas through the medium of photomontages • Ability to work with the constraints of the photograph as the site and work towards

• • • • •

Design Development

Design Presentation

Final Jury

Week 13

Week 14

Week 16

Week 09-13

Week 13-14

Further Program Development Translating the Design Strategy into structure, form & space Developing another segment of the site Detailing out Spatial Elements Design & structure Input sessions with Prof. VR Shah

Student Output: • Material Palette • Models of Detail Junctions • Models of Spatial Elements • PhotoMontages • Plans / Sections / 3D / Details Learning Outcomes: • Ability to develop sensibility & sensitivity while working with old structures and at the same time meticulously introducing the new structure & design language • Ability to understand how details can transform the design language and design expression • Ability to understand and work with various materials and

• • •

• •

Fine tuning the spatial elements & details to gain the required spatial quality. Finalizing the plans & sections Design development of the entire site - space planning, material usage, ambience, aesthetics Workshops by Mansi Shah PRE-FINAL Jury

Student Output: • Plans / Sections / 3D renders / Detail • Models of Detail Junctions • PhotoMontages Learning Outcomes: • Ability to detail out the spatial elements • Ability to understand material and aesthetics and translating the same in the space.

b. Design Project

Repurposing the abandoned mill into a community work space for Women Kalupur near Prem Darwaza, Old City. Women Work Space The project ‘Women Work Space’ gives a community platform for working for 100 women from Kalupur area. Surveys in this area revealed several women work in their households running small businesses in ‘farsan’ industry in poor conditions. My project creates a platform for making selling and co-working spaces for this user group. For this project an abandoned mill building is repurposed in the same vicinity i.e Kalupur area. This building has been vacant for 8 decades now. It used to function as a textile mill and was designed for that purpose. The structure is made with cast-iron columns, I beams and jack-arched ceilings and has architecture that can be re-purposed. The space however is dark, dingy and suffocating. With a span of around 50 m in length, the building receives bare minimum natural light inside in the centre. Further, it has low height ceilings and openings only at the periphery. The interior space gets immensely heated up because of poor ventilation and can create a suffocating work environment. However, the building is also an opportunity to re-think new functions but has to be designed to create a comfortable, lit, spacious environment for working. To make it a comfortable space, the project begins to address the spatial quality. It does by 4 key interventions: 1. The uniform slabs are cut to provide a large connected volume of spaces integrated with a continuous ramp. 2. Re-constructing the decadent and damaged roof into a light weight structure equipped with an effective gap for stack effect as a passive cooling strategy. 3. Re- programing spaces with new functions such as Ground floor spaces have reception and cafe spaces while the first floor is designed for workshop spaces and retail. 4. Layout and design for different configurations of activities such as kitchen , lounge, work spaces. All these interior resolutions will give a new extended life and vitality to this old building while also make a community space for women to come together and run businesses.

PREM DARWAZA

Women in Kalupur, making papad

Women stitching bags in the market area

Main

Road

Google Map with site loaction

R Main

oad

Main

Road

Internal Road

Main Road

Existing Site Conditions

The Jack arches create the movement in the space. Its direction and its repition creates a grid like movement and can feel like a maze even in an open plan space.

The windows are only at the Periphery and allow for very less natural light to come inside the building. the centre gets very dark. The dense colum grid makes the space feel heavy and stuffy.

The second and the third floor are in a dilapidated condition and need revamping. The structure is old and needs newer interventions to support the building.

Site Drawings

Concept Photomontage

Iterations for movement in plan

Ground Floor Plan 1. The entrance through a pivot door through the main road. Amidst the store front facade, a corner entrance with bigger proportions. 2. A large reception for thye museum, women work spaces and the retail spaces 3. Small retail fronts in the internal road 4. A large lounge space also meant as a wating room for the musem. Indian low seated furniture creates the space. 5. A closed discussion space for museum logistics. 6. An informal breakfast/bar counter for the visitors 7. A community kitchen with aparatus for various activities. A kitchen for the cafe and the formal coworking space. 8. A cafe seating for the visitors 9.Toilets and logistics

LVL 00MM

4 5 6

9 M

First Floor Plan 10. Workshop Spaces with organic seating posibilities, adjacent to huge openings for women to teach their craft to vistors. 11. Central alley retail space for women to display and sell the produced pieces 12. Packaging rooms and closed spaces for inventory and technical functions. 13. Store front balconies for dispaly of the produced work.

LVL +4840MM

11 UP

LVL +4810MM

12 12

10 M

Workshop-Space

Co- working Space

Retail Space

Hot air escape vents

Workshop Co-working Cafe and Workshop o-working Cafe and Co-working Retail Cafe Space and space space dining space space space space dining space dining space

Workshop Co-working Cafe and space space dining space

Section

Retail Spa Kitchen Re

Retail

Kitchen

l Space

Ramp Movement

Retail storefront

Hot air escape vents

Kitchen

Retail storefront

Cafe and Dining Space

Display Balconies

Workshop Co-workingCafeCafe Co-working and and space space space space dining dining spac

Co-working space

Cafe and dining space

DETAIL B

MS Column Bo with Base Plate

MS Column Bolt with Base Pelmet forPlate Ligh

DETAIL A

Bolting the new MS column in the exiting flor plate

DETAIL A

Metal Clamp

Metal Frame Screwed Inside

Scrim Fabric Clamping and riveting Ms column to the existing cast iron column

Details

Scrim Fabric to Column Junction Detail

Existing Colum

Part Section

c. Design Exercises through the semester

ex 01 50 Examples: Concepts & Case Studies

Exercise Intent & Brief: This exercise helps build an understanding of the idea/concept of ‘cross-programming’ by studying examples from the subjects listed below. Students explored concepts/ideas of cross-programming by examining the connections between the parts and the combinations to form the whole. Identify and find five examples of ‘cross-programming’ for each of the following subjects: • • • • • • • • • •

Nature Furniture Object Style Interior Element Form Space Structure Material Utility

Learning Outcome: To observe and identify the nature of a concept

Volcano under water- Water+fire Technique of Cross Programming: Insertion Method of Cross Programming: Cut-out created

Zebra+horse Technique of Cross Programming: Mutation Method of Cross Programming: Mutation

Mountain+ Plateu Technique of Cross Programming: Transformation Method of Cross Programming: Attachment

Side table + Chair Technique of Cross Programming: Appropriation Method of Cross Programming: Addition

Chair + Magazine rack. Technique of Cross Programming: Wrapping Method of Cross Programming: Addition

Bed+Storage Technique of Cross Programming: Addition Method of Cross Programming: Insertion

Pen stand+table light Technique of Cross Programming: Transformation Method of Cross Programming: Addition

Toy Car+ Cart Technique of Cross Programming: Addition Method of Cross Programming: Attached

Many ink pen Technique of Cross Programming: Insertion Method of Cross Programming: Many in one

Grafiti+cubism Technique of Cross Programming: Mutation Method of Cross Programming: Superimposition

Black and white and bold red Technique of Cross Programming: Addition Method of Cross Programming: Highlighting

Art Noveou+art deco Technique of Cross Programming: Juxtaposition Method of Cross Programming: Adjacent Placement

Ceiling+Furniture Technique of Cross Programming: Mutation Method of Cross Programming: Mutation

Stairs+storage Technique of Cross Programming: Insertion Method of Cross Programming: Occupied

Partition+Storage Technique of Cross Programming: Insertion Method of Cross Programming: Cut-out created

ex 02 OLD CITY - CROSS PROGRAMMING

Exercise Intent & Brief: PART A Walk-through the Walled City of Ahmedabad (or through your respective cities) and find & photograph real examples of the experience of crossprogramming. Take 20 photographs of cross programming within the walled city. Analyse the factors that make each example possible. In the planned design of the twentieth century, form follows function. Might a contemporary response allow function to follow formal opportunity and demand? Can such parasitic occupation occur only in public or private spaces without well enforced regulations? Conditions: • The photos should show the interiority of the space and a human figure. (Category -Utility & Space) • The photos could show interiority or exteriority. (Category - Structure & Form) PART B Draw a plan and section of one of the cross program examples, which was photographed in the old city. The drawings do not need to be accurately scaled – though plan and section should be at the same scale as each other and should align. Draw directly from the details that you see in the photograph. Play with drawing style and learn to communicate the spatial qualities of the found cross program. How will you convey light or shadow? How can you convey movement if your cross program is temporary or has moveable parts or participants?

ex 03 CONSTRUCT MAKING

Exercise Intent & Brief : Through the construct, represent the strategy for cross programming derived from your drawing / diagram for structure (Refer EX 02). You can use the following items for your construct: • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

Toothpicks/Bamboo Skewers Ice Cream Sticks Rubber bands All kinds of pins (U-pins, safety pins, hair pins etc) Paper tubes (amazon link given below) Any Board (optional) Ribbons/Rope/Thread Origami / Paper Any wire Small pipes (optional) Nuts and bolts Fabric (optional) Cycle spokes (you can use any hardware) Wooden blocks (jenga / customized)

The strategy has to be cross programmed through the modeling of both the structural systems and their method of combinations. The forces should be modeled (tension, compression, bending) as per the understanding from the selected example. The construct should be around 300mm x 300mm x 300mm (minimum) to 450 mm x 450 mm x 450 mm (maximum) in size. The relationship should remain as clearly structured as it was in your diagrams.

ex 04 CASE STUDIES - ADAPTIVE REUSE

Exercise Intent & Brief: Identify five interior design field examples on adaptive reuse. In terms of program/use, two of the examples can be buildings adapted into museums, while the remaining three could be any other. Exercise Output: Fill the matrices with analytical diagrams of design decisions taken by the designer for each project identified by you. Provide the following details for the chosen project: • Project name, location, designer name, year of completion • What was the previous use? • What is the history of the building? • What is the strategy used by the designer to navigate between the old and the new? While looking for examples, try and find projects which provide sufficient information to answer the following questions. Examine and identify from each of the selected projects, the strategy and its corresponding design decisions. • • • •

What is the relationship between the old and the new? What role does material play in expressing and creating identity? How does the old form and structure influence the new form and structure? Where is it situated and what’s happening around it? What is the context and the relationship between the inside and outside.

Learning Outcome specific to Adaptive Reuse Projects • • • • • •

Examining the role of the Interior design field and the designer . Learning a method of analysis . Identifying strategies through design decisions. Defining and interpreting various terminologies used as strategies. Corroborating typological transformations and different subcategories with the typology . Study of material and technology to identify structure defining the form.

The existing malthouse was converted into a theatre space for the school and another building was structured in the same complex adjacently respecting the language of the malthhouse.

The historical parts are united by a classic plaster façade, a red roof of plain tiles, and copper plumbing elements. On the other hand, the simple transparent cubic shape, smooth surface, and distinctive colors characterize the new parts.

The new structure of the cuboidal form get attached to the baroque ractory using a copper frame. It gets attached on to the existing structure without making any changes to it.

The new structure is elevated from the ground but has huge transparent surfaces to allow visual connectivity to the outside- the courtyards and the verandahs.

Name: ELEMENTARY SCHOOL VŘESOVICE Designed by: ATELIER SPACE and FUUZE Year of completion: 2019 Previous Use: Rectory History:

The design decision which is interesting is that there are gardens which mediate between the museum and surrounding urban fabric, providing access from all four directions. Which helps in increasing the human flow in the museum.

When the municipality of Vřesovice agreed with the Church on transferring the rectory and the parish estate to the municipal property, the Church wished that the village should not let the whole premises deteriorate but use it for a purpose. Therefore, since 2013 the main building of the rectory has been a primary school and two years later, a daycare center with a kitchen and a dining room, which are also used by the primary school, was established on the ground floor of the two building wings.

The new function is completely inserted in the old functional space and has reupurposed it entirely without changing any exterior structure.

It is a typical lane house, the structure is made of load bearing brick walls and wooden floor. The architect left the existing wooden ceiling and old doors intact, and the brick walls were preserved with white limewash.

Based on the internal structure and the characteristics of the building itself the architect inserted volumes and components made of various new material into the house without touching the existing walls.

The architect treats the backyard and the entrance side corridor as two tiny pavilions, “installing” on the heavy brick building.

Project Details Name:SPMA Store Designed by: Atelier TAO+C Year of completion: 2021 Previous Use: Residential Apartment

The retail store designed in an earlier residential space does’nt announce itself on the bilding facade. It lets the user experience the “homely” feel of it by retainig the narrow entrance corridor and minimal intervention.

History: On ground floor of a 1930’s old house in Shanghai, atelier tao+c transformed the former residential space into a boutique retail space for SPMA. It is a typical lane house, the structure is made of load bearing brick walls and wooden floor.

Aligned with the urban and state planning of the city to keep the old port warehouses giving them new functions, the architectural project was developed with the use of one of them (2,500m2) and the creation of a new building (5,000m2 ) connected to the shed.

The use of exposed concrete (pigmented in yellow to reference the soil of the sertão) and the gesture of lifting this massive block over a span of 56 metres . Heavy ornamentation has been done and the facade lattice is made of corten steel lattice

The cuboidal building building is semi-stacked on the roof of one of the port warehouses and stands independently on the other end.

The building allows for a gradual transition from the open to the closed space by raising the museum by a level and introducing a semi open “urban balcony” that gives a view

Project Details Name: Cais do Sertão Museum Designed by: Brasil Arquitetura Year of completion:2018 Previous Use: Port Warehouses

With the intent of creating a space that becomes a grand landmark for the city and invites a big public footfall, the new structure for the museum didnt blend in with the warehoses, rather was ornamented and made to look

History: For the construction of the museum, the Government of the State of Pernambuco destined one of the warehouses of the old Port of Recife and also a large free area contiguous to this warehouse.

The cuboidal building building is semi-stacked on the roof of one of the port warehouses and stands independently on the other end.

The building allows for a gradual transition from the open to the closed space by raising the museum by a level and introducing a semi open “urban balcony” that gives a view to the waterbody.

Project Details Name: Cais do Sertão Museum Designed by: Brasil Arquitetura Year of completion:2018 Previous Use: Port Warehouses

The facade is punctured in bands at ground level, indicating the entrances and inviting the public inside. The extension -switch house was a new expansion in order to create new museum space by 60%. The whole area was divided into galleries of differing sizes.

The materials come together and function as a single organism. Using the same base palette of bricks and brickwork in a radical new way, we created a perforated brick screen through which light filters in the day and through which the building will glow at night.

The extension looks very different from the old structure detracting significantly from its form, allowing it to remain an experiential and visual piece in itself.

The old structure has punctures in the form of glass. While the new building has tiles that allow it to filter on all the levels to provide connectivity on all the levels.

Project Details Name: Modern Art Museum of Medellín Designed by: 51-1 arquitectos, Ctrl G Year of completion: 2015 Previous Use: Steel factory. History: In 2006, under mayor Sergio Fajardo’s administration, Medellin established the reconversion of –strategic- industrial land from SIMESA steel plant into a mixed

used neighborhood called ‘Ciudad del Rio’ (River City). The urban plan considered the dismantling of all factories to allow for generic high-rise blocks in a rigid scheme, leaving only the oldest nave -‘Talleres de Robledo’- as the sole testimony of the industrial past. It was then successfully refurbished by the mythical Grupo Utopia as the new venue of the Modern Art Museum on the 30th anniversary of its founding.

ex 05 Photomontage

Exercise Intent & Brief: Identifying a Strategy of Adaptive Reuse through Cross-programming in the Site Site - The Photograph The student should choose one photograph of the selected building that represents the site quality and attributes in the best way possible. This photograph then becomes the site for the duration of this exercise. The Site is seen as an outcome of its volume; understand the site through some of its attributes listed below. • • • • • • •

Proportion Movement Scale Composition Alignments Amount of light/dark Architectural Elements

This exercise aims to identify the most appropriate strategy for ‘adaptive reuse through cross-programming’ in the selected site. Photomontage is used as a medium of representation to record the nascent site[photograph] impressions into three distinct proposals using three different strategies derived from previous exercises and case studies. (for example insert, interwoven or superimposition)

The Technique: We experience our built environment and then draw from it. This visual information received, then helps in the imagination and creation of three dimensional space. To express and communicate our ideas and designs, we use the visual medium of representation. The history of visual representation has been evolving towards an attempt to capture as real an experience of the built environment as possible, such as the current 3D hyper realistic renders generated by computer softwares. Photomontage was one such medium developed in the mid nineteenth century, where a subject was introduced into an existing photograph. The photograph expressed the truth or the ‘real’ while the introduced subject was the ‘imagined’. The principle of this technique was an image composed of cut-out pieces of different origins, all combined to create a photo montage layered using techniques such as superimposition or juxtaposition over the original. The resultant images were called ‘composite’ or ‘combination’ prints. Hence the photomontage has been chosen as an appropriate form of visual representation for this studio which focuses on cross-programming in an adaptive reuse project, which is a combinative composite condition. Specific to this exercise, this technique of representation is done by drawing over the Site[Photograph], and adding the necessary information to convey the details of the design strategy. The desired result can be achieved through the making of some elements, composing some elements with other elements, using light in a way that impacts the perception of the user, and how the finishes, colours, textures add to its ambience. Each photomontage should clearly express the design decisions taken. Learning Outcomes • • • •

Ability to explore the condition of cross-programming through different strategies, within a Site identified as suitable for Adaptive Reuse Ability to identify site attributes and take design decisions accordingly Ability to represent ideas through the medium of photomontages Ability to work with the constraints of the photograph as the site and work towards developing an interior language.