Biosphere 4th Edition

BIOENERGY Bi ofil e wi t h

Dr .Muj i zat Kawar oe

Bi ogas f r om POME

Sunflower Bi odi es el

DyahPar amawi dyaKi r ana Sel l aLamet t a St el l aFaust i neLoandy NayaPr akasi t a Rai skaPr amadhanya

BI OCL E

bi · o· en· er · gy / ˌ bī ōˈ enər j ē/ noun

r enewabl eener gypr oduc edbyl i v i ng or g ani s m

BI OENERGYi sener gyder i ved f r om bi omas swhi c hi nc l udesbi ol ogi c almat er i al ss uc haspl ant s andani mal s ,wood,was t e,g as , andal c oholf uel s .

Bi oener gyi st hes i ngl el ar ges tr enewabl e ener gys our c et oda y ,pr ov i di ng10%ofwor l d pr i mar yener gys uppl y .I tpl a y sac r uc i al r ol e i nmanydev el opi ngc ount r i es ,wher ei tpr ov i desbas i cener gyf orc ook i ngands pac e heang,buto enatt hepr i c eofs ev er e heal t handenv i r onment al i mpac t s .

Bi oener gyi spr oduc edbyBi omas swhi c hi s anyor g ani c ,i . e.dec ompos abl e,ma erder i v edf r ompl ant sorani mal sav ai l abl eona r enewabl ebas i s .Bi omas si nc l udeswood

andagr i c ul t ur al c r ops ,her bac eousandwoody ener gyc r ops ,muni c i pal or g ani cwas t esaswel l asmanur e.

Thea erpr oduc t sar ec ommonl yasBi of uel , Bi og asandEl ec t r i c i t y .Thegl obal c ont ex tf or bi of uel si sc hangi ngasar es ul toft hes i gni fic antr educoni nc r udeoi l pr i c esobs er v edi n 2014.TheBi omas sus edf orel ec t r i c i t yr anges byr egi on,l i k ewoodr es i dues ,i spopul ari n Uni t edS t at es ,andAgr i c ul t ur al r es i duesi s c ommoni nS out hEas tAs i a.

Bi oener gyi snotonl ywi l l gi v ear enewabl e ener gy ,i t ’ sal s owi l l c r eat el es sgr eenhous e g asemi s i onandwas t emanagement .t her e wi l l bemanypr ogr amt hatwi l l s uppor tt he r es ear c handdev el opmentofBi oner gyi nt he F ut ur e

TheApa c heAH64 o pe r a t e db yThe Ro y a lNe t he r l a nds Ai rFo r c ei so neo f BOEI NGsa i r c r a f t us i nga vi a t i o nbi o f ue l s , a ndi si nt hepr o c e s so fa me ndi ngt he s pe c i f i c a t i o nt oi nc l udebi o de r i v e d f ue l sf o ra vi a t i o nf o r us eo na l lma j o ra i r f r a me

Bo e i ngi st a k i ngal e a de r s hi pr o l ei nc r e a t i ng agl o b a li nf r a s t r uc t ur e a nde nc o ur a gi ngt he a do p t i o no fs us t a i na b i l i t ys t a nda r dsf o r a v i a t i o nb i o f ue l s .

I nMa r c h2 0 1 1 , Bo e i ng j o i ne dwi t ht heÉc o l e Po l y t e c hni queFé dé r a l e deLa us a nnei nSwi t z e r l a ndt oc r e a t et he Sus t a i na b l eBi o ma s s Co ns o r t i um.

Thi sc o ns o r t i um a i mst oha r mo ni z es us t a i na b i l i t ys t a nda r dsf o rb i o ma s s b a s e df ue l Asac o mp a ny , Bo e i ng f o c us e so ns us t a i na b l e a v i a t i o nb i o f ue l sp r o duc e df r o mr e ne wa b l e r e s o ur c e st ha tdono t c o mp e t ewi t hf o o d c r o p sf o rl a ndo rwa t e r .

TheBi o f ue l sc a ndi da t e s , i nc l udi nga l ga e , c a me l i na , j a t r o p haa nd s a l t t o l e r a ntp l a nt s k no wna sha l o p hy t e s .

i nt ot hep r o j e c ta ndi tha v e b e e nl a unc he di nEur o p e , t heMi ddl eEa s t , I ndi a , Aus t r a l i a , Chi na , Me xi c o , So ut hAme r i c aa ndt he No r t hwe s tUni t e dSt a t e s .

Bo e i ngi sb r i ngi ngt o ge t he r The s ee f f o r t sc o nf i r me dt he a gr i c ul t ur a li nt e r e s t s , a c a - f e a s i b i l i t yo fc r e a t i ngj e t de mi cr e s e a r c he r s , r e f i ne r s f ue lf r o mb i o ma s sf e e da nda e r o s p a c ec o mp a ni e s s t o c k . a r o undt hegl o b e

I nMa r c h2 0 1 1 , Bo e i ngr e l e a s e dt her e s ul t so fr e s e a r c hc o nduc t e db yYa l e Uni v e r s i t y ' sSc ho o lo fEnv i r o nme nt a lSc i e nc eo nj a t r o p ha , a ni ne di b l eo i l p r o duc i ngp l a nt .

Thi ss t ud ys ho t ha tj a t r o p hac a nde l i v e r s t r o nge nv i r o nme nt a la nd s o c i o e c o no mi cb e ne f i t si n La t i nAme r i c a .

Ba s e do ni nt e r v i e wswi t hf a r me r sa nd s c i e nt i f i cf i e l da na l y s e s , t hi s

s c i e nt i f i cf i e l da na l y s e s , t hi s c o mp r e he ns i v es t ud yp r o v i de sv i t a lr e a l wo r l dgui da nc ef o rs i t es e l e c t i o na nd c ul t i v a t i o n.

s o u r c e: Bo e i n gEn v i r o n t me n tRe p o r t 2 0 1 1 .

Sur f act antand Bi oener gy Resear ch Cent r e BogorAgr i cul t ur alUni ver si t y

MeetDr .Muj i z atKawar oe, whodi dal otofr esear chaboutBi oener gy andAl gae.Shet ol dusabouthow shesees t hef ut ur eofbi oener gy andl et ’ scheckoutwhatsheaskust odo ast hef ut ur e!

BIOCLE

Notonl yf ori t s s weet nes s ,s ugar c anec anal s o makel i f es weet erbygi vi ngBi oel ec t r i c i t y f orever yone.

Asi tgr ows , s ugar c anec onv er t ss unl i ghti nt oc hemi c al ener gywhi c hi ts t or es i ns i det hepl ant .

The c omponent sofi t s ener gyi ss t or edi n s uc h, l i k eJ ui c e, Bagas s e, andSt r aw.

i nboi l er st opr oduc e bi oel ec t r i c i t y .

Asa r es ul t , t hes emi l l sar e ener gys el f s uf f i c i ent , pr oduc i ngmor et han enoughel ec t r i c i t yt o c ov ert hei rownneeds .

I n2014, s ugar c ane mi l l ss uppl i edabout Manys ugar c anemi l l s 19, 000GWht oBr az i l ’ s l ear nedt ohar nes s el ec t r i c i t yr equi r et heener gys t or edi n ment s , t hank st obi obagas s ebybur ni ngi t el ec t r i c i t y .

I t ’ snotex ac t l ys ugar j ui c e, butt hes ugarc ane f i berl ef tov eraf t ert he j ui c ei sex t r ac t ed, whi c hi s bur nedt omak eel ec t r i c i t y .

Thef i beri sc al l edbagas s e, andi sbei ngus ed i nc ogener at i onpower pl ant s .

Onc ei tdr i es , i ti s bur nedi nboi l er st omak e s t eam.

Thes t eam i sus ed t oc r eat eel ec t r i c i t y .

Emi s s i onsf r om bur ni ngbagas s ear el owert hanf or bur ni ngf os s i lf uel s .

s ameamountofl and pl ant edwi t hs ugar c ane.

Sugar c aneBi oel ec t r i c i t y madeal otofbenef i t s , s uc hasl owenv i r onment ali mpac t , t hatbec aus eweus et hewas t e ofi t .

Pr oduc er swi l l obt ai nc ar bonc r edi t s , andi tgi v esmor ec ompl ement ar yt ohy dr oel ec t r i c i t y .

Now, Sugarc anepr oduc t i oni sal ar gei ndus Ex per t ses t i mat et hat t r yi nBr az i l , andt hey s ugar c anebi oel ec t r i c i t y us ebagas s epower c oul dr eac h177, 018GWh pl ant st opr ov i deabout by2023i fal lpot ent i al 3per c entoft hei rel ec s our c esar ef ul l ydev el t r i c alc ons umpt i on.

An oped.

Thatwoul dbe es t i mat ehass t at edt hat enoughener gyt oc ov er numberc oul dbei n23per c entofBr az i l ’ s c r eas edt o15per c entby el ec t r i c i t yneeds .

Or 2020, c ons t r uc t40 l ook edatanot herway , i t megawat tbagas s e c oul dpoweranent i r e f uel edpowerpl anti n c ount r yt hes i z eof Br az i l .

SwedenorMex i c o.

Amegawat ti sonemi l St r awc anal s obeus edas l i onwat t s .

Onemegaani nputt opr oduc ec el - wat tc oul dpowerbel ul os i cet hanol .

Onc eper -t ween400and900 f ec t edatc ommer c i al homesdependi ngon s c al e, c el l ul os i cet hanol c ons umpt i onr at es . hol dst hepot ent i alt o doubl et hev ol umeof f uelc omi ngf r om t he s ameamountofl and

Across:

2.a pr ocesswher et r i gl ycer i de i sr eact ed wi t h excessal cohol 4.a common f ood and f uelsour ce 5.a conceptt or educe capi t ali nvest ment ofbi of uelbyi nt egr at i ng 3 st epsi nt o1 6.a r enewabl e ener gyder i ved f r om l i vi ng or gani sms 10.a common t ype ofbi oener gymade up f r om veget abl e oi l sorani malf at 11.a t ype ofgasi f i er 12.or gani cmat t ert hatcan be br oken down i nt o si mpl ercompoundswi t ht he ai d of mi cr oor gani sms

Down:

1.t he mai n componenti n nat ur algas 3.abl et or epl eni shed orr evi ved on a human t i me scal e 5.SBE UI SC’ ssoci alact i vi t y 7.a pr ocessknown t o conver tbi omassi nt o gaseousf uel 8.Pal m Oi lMi l lEf f l uent 9.r esi dualbypr oductf r om f or est r y i ndust r y