Fall 2011 Newsletter

Page 1

SCIENCE EXPO

NEWS BULLETIN FALL 2011

science expo PAGE 1

MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENTS Welcome to the very first issue of the Science Expo newsletter, STEM Connect. Science Expo was the brainchild of a group of science fair enthusiasts who met at the 2009 Canada Wide Science Fair in Winnipeg. A year later at the Waterloo-Wellington Science Fair, Science Expo was born around a box of pizza. The goal to explore, enrich, and empower students with STEM opportunities brought us closer together and started the Science Expo Team. Science Expo was started to tell you about some of many amazing opportunities you might not be aware of. This newsletter was created to spread STEM opportunities to everyone.

To make this more accessible, please help us by spreading the newsletter to all those involved, or want to be involved, in STEM. The newsletter will contain articles written by Science Expo members, students, teachers, professionals, and YOU. If you’re interested in publishing your article or being featured, email newsletter@science-expo.org. STEM Connect features personal experiences, advice and opinions on STEM topics, and cutting-edge research. So now take a moment to absorb all that is included in this very first issue of STEM Connect! -Susie Pan & Hillary Dawkins, -Presidents, Science Expo

CONNECT WITH US Twitter - @ScienceExpo http://twitter.com/#!/ScienceExpo Facebook - Science Expo http://www.facebook.com/#!/pages/Science-Expo Linked-in - Science Expo http://www.linkedin.com/company/science-expo

STEM

science -­ technology engineering -­ mathematics

INSIDE THIS ISSUE “Why I Chose to Study Science.............................................. 2 Mythbusters: Food Edition ................................................ 3 Science News......................... 4 Technology News............ 5 Engineering News.............6 Spotlight on STEM: Shad Valley................................. 7


()*+,)+$+-./$,+0($12##+3*, !"##$%&''

science expo

."K+$%

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ideo games are really fun. But wait, science is also fun9$J##*1#--$(&$-+%3$(".-$./(#/-#$*.1#;;+$ -"&&>$;%$4#0%$5#./89

4*$9:;$ <=>=>?=<$ @AB;CB;D$@E$ >FG=HIJ$!"#$%& '()$*&(+$& +$(,,-&./01&2/3& 4("35&*6"$06$& "*&(,*%&./017

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dward Kim, Director of IT and Communications, Science Expo

)/,,+)3$0*35$2( !<.((#0$?$PH7.#/7#QA6&$"((6RSS(<.((#097&;STUSH7.#/7#QA6&$ V+7#5&&>$?$H7.#/7#$QA6&$"((6RSS<<<9)+7#5&&>97&;STUS6+8#-SH7.#/7#?QA6&$ W./>#*?./$?$H7.#/7#$QA6&$"((6RSS<<<91./>#*./97&;S7&;6+/%S-7.#/7#?#A6&


()*+,)+$+-./$,+0($12##+3*, !"##$%&''

science expo

."V+$W

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

45368$!;ATG=$ PG?GFEUBGN$E;G$BGNN$ =RF;<F<ARN$FSE=$H;GNS$ A=GN

M]8$+EF<=?$OAOOQ$NGGCN$@E=$I<I<@$AO<RI$RNG ?#+%A!Q<-(1!</<<3!-$!%&'!$<'+-'$!/0!<,#.%!02/1!"&-+&!</<<3!$''8$! #.8!/<-(1!R%&'!$/(2+'!/0!1/2<&-.'!#.8!+/8'-.'S!#2'!'H%2#+%'85!=#%-.4! #!+/(<,'!/0!</<<3!$''8!)#4',$!+#.!+#($'!3/(!%/!0#-,!#!2/(%-.'!82(4! %'$%>!)(%!"/.O%!4'%!3/(!&-4&!)'+#($'!%&'!#1/(.%$!#2'!$/!,/"!3/(!"-,,! )'+/1'!0(,,!0-2$%5

)/,,+)3$0*36$2( E"-%%'2!C!FG+-'.+'=H</!&%%<IJJ%"-%%'25+/1JKAJG+-'.+'=H</! ?#+')//7!C!G+-'.+'!=H</!&%%<IJJ"""50#+')//75+/1JKAJ<#4'$JG+-'.+'C=H</! L-.7'8C-.!C!G+-'.+'!=H</!&%%<IJJ"""5,-.7'8-.5+/1J+/1<#.3J$+-'.+'C'H</


()*+,)+$+-./$,+0($12##+3*, !"##$%&''

science expo

."M+$N

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

5.67896$:;7<$ =>::6;6?@$ AB9@B;6C$@D>?E$ FG7B@$:FA>F9$ 6H8;6CC>7?C$>?$ =>::6;6?@$IFJCKL

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

)/,,+)3$0*34$2( K32,,#4%L%MN12#$1#E;5'%",,5OPP,32,,#491'.PQRPN12#$1#E;5'% :+1#<''*%L%N12#$1#%E;5'%",,5OPP33390+1#<''*91'.PQRP5+8#-PN12#$1#LE;5'% S2$*#7L2$%L%N12#$1#%E;5'%",,5OPP3339)2$*#72$91'.P1'.5+$&P-12#$1#L#;5'


()*+,)+$+-./$,+0($12##+3*, !"##$%&''

science expo

."O+$P

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

45$9?@A9<9<A$ B;CD:$EF$ :G;B9<A$ :6H@C@I6$896B:$ I;$IG6$76JI$@<K$ C9AGI$6F6:L$3G6$ EC@9<$IG6<$ C6M;<:ICNMI:$IG6$ 45$B;C7K$JC;?$ IG6$IB;$9?@A6:L

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`,&1N,&$-#+( N&4$/#O(N)*'=2*'9:(N>(aGZ[[:(N#1,#03#$([b>(;&+)-3*(.4'+(5&$('&<.2*++#+(78(;H(0*$=#,(c(8##1(;#/)(<(de!;(e#6+>(;#/)'&2< &.%(e#6+(<(de!;(e#6+>(X#,$-#"#9(N#1,#03#$([:(GZ[[:(5$&0(),,1OPP'#6+>/'#,>/&0PY7Z[<7Z\YD7] <GZ[ZZ\\D<G\^P,&+)-3*< .4'+<5&$<'&<.2*++#+<79<,"<0*$=#,P_,*.`,&1N,&$-#+(

)/,,+)3$0*3>$2( ;6-,,#$(<(MN/-#'/#!J1&(),,1OPP,6-,,#$>/&0PQRPN/-#'/#!J1&( A*/#3&&=(<(N/-#'/#(!J1&(),,1OPP666>5*/#3&&=>/&0PQRP1*.#+PN/-#'/#<!J1&( E-'=#9<-'(<(N/-#'/#(!J1&(),,1OPP666>2-'=#9-'>/&0P/&01*'%P+/-#'/#<#J1&


()*+,)+$+-./$,+0($12##+3*, !"##$%&''

science expo

.";+$<

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

)/,,+)3$0*36$2( !;,((#+$:$I%-,#/-#JE4&$"((4DHH(;,((#+=-&0HKLH%-,#/-#JE4&$ M.-#?&&N$:$%-,#/-#$JE4&$"((4DHH;;;=*.-#?&&N=-&0HKLH4.<#7H%-,#/-#:JE4&$ O,/N#1:,/$:$%-,#/-#$JE4&$"((4DHH;;;=2,/N#1,/=-&0H-&04./5H7-,#/-#:#E4&


()*+,)+$+-./$,+0($12##+3*,

science expo

!"##$%&''

."4+$G

(./3#*453$/,$(3+67$(5"8$9"##+: !"#$%&#''()%*+%#%+,--(.%(/.*0"-(/1% 2.34.#-%*/%5"*0"%677%+1,$(/1+% +2(/$%#%-3/1"%#1%3/(%38%1(/%"3+1% ,/*9(.+*1*(+%#0.3++%:#/#$#;%<".3,4"% 53.=+"32+%#/$%'(01,.(+>%#+%5(''%#+% 1(#-?@,*'$*/4%(A(.0*+(+>%.(0.(#1*3/#'% #01*9*1*(+>%#/$%(A2'3.*/4%'30#'% #11.#01*3/+>%!"#$%&#''()%*+%#/% */+2*.*/4%#$9(/1,.(%83.%132%+1,$(/1+;% !"#$%&#''()B+%43#'%*+%13%1#=(%1"(%@(+1% #/$%-#=(%1"(-%@(11(.>%(/#@'*/4% 1"(-%13%,/'(#+"%1"(*.%8,''%231(/1*#';%%

(H$;HI$I=J$@HKC$LCDBM <"(%1.*2%5#+%(A1.#3.$*/#.);%D%0#/% "#.$')%(9(/%@(4*/%13%(A2'#*/%1"(% 2'(1"3.#%38%1"*/4+%1"#1%5(%$*$;%D% 5#+%*/%S#-*'13/%'*9*/4%3/%0#-2,+%#1% T0T#+1(.%U/*9(.+*1)%83.%#%-3/1"% 5*1"%VW%31"(.%=*$+%#/$%XX%!1#88% -(-@(.+;%Y3,%4(1%.(#'%0'3+(%13% 1"(+(%2(32'(>%8#+1>%#/$%*1%"#+%(#+*')% @((/%1"(%-3+1%(A0*1*/4>%0"#''(/4*/4>% #/$%@(+1%-3/1"%38%-)%'*8(;

Z/%#9(.#4(%$#)%83.%-(%+1#.1($%#1% 6NV6#-%#/$%D%53,'$/G1%43%13%+'((2% ,/1*'%#/%#9(.#4(%38%-*$/*4"1[% CD%03,'$%/31%"#9(%#+=($%83.%#%-3.(% #'1"3,4">%0,.8(5%5#+%XX2-;%\(% ()(%32(/*/4>%(A1.#3.$*/#.)>%#/$% "#$%'(01,.(+>%+2((0"(+>%2.(+(/1#? (/'*4"1(/*/4%(A2(.*(/0(;%:3-*/4%13% 1*3/+>%.(0.(#1*3/#'%#01*9*1*(+>%8*('$% !"#$%&#''()>%D%"#$%#/%32#E,(%9*+*3/% 1.*2+>%53.=+"32+>%#/$%#%",4(% 38%5"#1%*1%53,'$%@(%'*=(%"#9*/4%"#$% $(+*4/%#/$%(/1.(2.(/(,.+"*2% -)%@.31"(.>%#%8(5%0'3+(%8.*(/$+>%#/$% 2.3K(01%1"#1%133=%5(''%39(.%]7% #%03,2'(%.('#1*9(+%43%@(83.(;%F35% "3,.+%13%03-2'(1(;%\(%"#$%'(++% DG-%03/8*$(/1%13%+#)%1"#1%!"#$%&#''()>% 1"#/%#%"#'8%"3,.%38%8.((%1*-(%2(.% (9(/%#+%,/*E,(%#+%*1%*+%13%(#0"% $#);%Q3.%1"(%5"3'(%-3/1"%1"(.(% 0#-2,+>%"#+%8,'8*''($%1"#1%9*+*3/%#/$% 5#+%E,*1(%'*1(.#'')%/(9(.%#%$,''% (A0(($($%8#.%@()3/$%5"#1(9(.% -3-(/1%3.%#%1*-(%5"(.(%5(% 31"(.%(A2(01#1*3/+%D%"#$%83.%*1;%<"(% 5(.(/G1%(/4#4($%5*1"%31"(.+>% $*9(.+(%+(#%38%0"#.*+-#%1"#1% '(#./*/4>%3.%$3*/4%#/)1"*/4%#1%#'';% 4.((1($%-(%#1%!"#$%&#''()%5#+% DG9(%@((/%9(.)>%9(.)%@,+)%,2%,/1*'% (E,#'')%*8%/31%-3.(%(/.*0"*/4%1"#/% H,')%^_1";% 1"(%2.34.#-%*1+('8;%H,+1%@(*/4%#@'(%13% -((1%#/$%03''#@3.#1(%5*1"% 0;=L$<?<N<ELJ$HO$L;<$(;=>$ '*=(?-*/$($%*/$*9*$,#'+%32(/($%-)% 9=??<@$<AB<CD<EF<$I<C<$ ()(+%,2%13%:#/#$#G+%9#+1%.*0"/(++%38% NHJL$J=LDJO@DEPM #0#$(-*0#'')%$.*9(/%#/$%2#++*3/#1(% X;%<"(%2(32'(%1"#1%4.((1($%-(% )3,1";%I(11(.%)(1%5(.(%1"(%.(+,'1+%38% #/$%1"(%+1.3/4%03--,/*1)%1"#1%5#+% "#9*/4%1"(-%#''%53.=%134(1"(.J%D% 0.(#1($;%D%'(#./($%#%'31%#@3,1% 1"3.3,4"')%(/K3)($%1"(%-31*9#1*3/% -)+('8%#/$%5"#1%D%"#$%13%388(.% #/$%2#++*3/%*/+1*''($;%D%'39(%1"(% 31"(.+%#+%5(''%#+%'(#./($%#%'31% 2(32'(%D%-(1%#/$%1"(%'*8(%'(++3/+% 8.3-%1"3+(%#.3,/$%-(;%D%-#$(%#%'31% '(#./($;%D%=/35%1"#1%D%#-%#%-,0"% 38%+1.3/4%(-31*3/#'%@3/$+%#1%!"#$% @(11(.%2(.+3/%/35%@(0#,+(%38%1"(-J% &#''()%#/$%"32(%13%+1#)%*/%13,0"% <"#/=%)3,%!"#$%&#''(); 5*1"%1"(-%83.%#%'3/4>%'3/4%1*-(; % "#.$')%(9(/%@(4*/%13%(A2'#*/%1"(% 3;<$(;=>$9=??<@$+AB<CD<EF<

^;%<"(%`.34.#-%a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b*/4+'()% S,.'*/413/%#/$%:"#$%S#.9()>%1"(% -3+1%0#.*/4>%*/+*4"18,'>%#/$% 2#++*3/#1(%.3'(%-3$('+%D%"#9(% (9(.%-(1;%a3/G1%'3+(%1"(->%1"()% #.(%43'$(/%[c%?%<"()%#'+3%1.(#1($% ,+%'*=(%1((/#4(.+J%F3/(%38%1"3+(% "3'$*/4%)3,.%"#/$%+"(/#/*4#/+;% R#+1')>%1"(%-3./*/4%8*1/(++%321*3/+% 5(.(%2#.#-3,/1%13%-)%!"#$% (A2(.*(/0(;%`#.1*0,'#.')%#1% T0T#+1(.%5#+%#%.,//*/4%0',@;%D1% 2.39*$($%1"#1%(A1.#%2")+*0#'% .('(#+(%#/$%#$$($%1"#1%03-2(1*? 1*9(%#1"'(1*0%('(-(/1;%D1% 0"#''(/4($%-)%#@*'*1*(+%3/%#% 5"3'(%/(5%'(9('%1"#1%@#+*0% .(0.(#1*3/%1*-(%$*$/G1%+((-%13% 388(.;

)/,,+)3$0*35$2( <5*11(.%?%L!0*(/0(MA23%"112NOO15*11(.;03-OPJO!0*(/0(MA23% Q#0(@33=%?%!0*(/0(%MA23%"112NOO555;8#0(@33=;03-OPJO2#4(+O!0*(/0(?MA23% R*/=($?*/%?%!0*(/0(%MA23%"112NOO555;'*/=($*/;03-O03-2#/)O+0*(/0(?(A23

0D??$@HK$C<FHNQ N<E>$(;=>$9=??<@$ LH$@HKC$OCD<E>JM$ 0;@M \*1"3,1%"(+*1#1*3/J%Z/$% 5"#1%$3%)3,%-(#/%5*''% Dd%D%#'.(#$)%"#9(J%\")d% \(''%1"#1G+%#%+*'')% E,(+1*3/;;;%!"#$%&#''()%*+% (9(.)1"*/4%1"#1%1"()% #00'#*-%38%1"(-+('9(+;% !"#$%&#''()%*+%#% 231(/1*#'')%'*8(%0"#/4*/4% 2.34.#-;%D1%*+%(/'*4"1(/? */4>%0"#''(/4*/4>%#/$% 8,/;%D1%5*''%4*9(%-(%1"#1% e03-2(1*1*9(%($4(e%*/% '*8(;%!"#$%&#''()%*+%-)% -3+1%-(-3.#@'(% +,--(.%13%$#1(%#/$%D% "#9(%/3%$3,@1%1"#1%*1% 5*''%@(%83.%#%9(.)>%9(.)% '3/4%1*-(;%D%0#/G1%+((%*1% @(*/4%#/)%$*88(.(/1%83.% #/)3/(%('+(;%<"#1%*+%5")% 1"()%+"3,'$%43;f ?a#/*('%g#0=3$/*=>% !"#$%&#''()%Z',-/,+>%


()*+,)+$+-./$,+0($12##+3*, !"##$%&''

science expo

."5+$6

!"#$%&'()&*(+&+,#-.$/&0!12&3($$,456&7#88&5".8&($&5(&'()+&*+.,$-8&9"(&#+,& .$5,+,85,-&.$&0!12:&;(+&#+5.4<,&8)=>.88.($8&(+&#$'&?),85.($8&(+&4(>>,$58@&4($A 5#45&$,98<,55,+B84.,$4,A,CD(:(+/: 04.,$4,&1CD(&E()5"&1>D(9,+>,$5&F+()D 7+(-)4,-&#$-&,-.5,-&='&2,+,55,&0".$()-#@&G+.#$&H+)/&#$-&05,D"#$.,&3"#$

04.,$4,&1CD(&MNOO&5,#> ;+(>&<,*5&5(&+./"5I&G+.#$&H+)/@&05,D"#$.,&3"#$@&0)8.,&7#$@&P.<<#+'&Q#9%.$8@& 1--.,&H.>@&G+'#$&P#55($ )/,,+)3$0*34$2( !9.55,+&A&B04.,$4,1CD(&"55DIJJ59.55,+:4(>JK6J04.,$4,1CD(& ;#4,=((%&A&04.,$4,&1CD(&"55DIJJ999:*#4,=((%:4(>JK6JD#/,8J04.,$4,A1CD(& L.$%,-A.$&A&04.,$4,&1CD(&"55DIJJ999:<.$%,-.$:4(>J4(>D#$'J84.,$4,A,CD(


Turn static files into dynamic content formats.

Create a flipbook
Issuu converts static files into: digital portfolios, online yearbooks, online catalogs, digital photo albums and more. Sign up and create your flipbook.