CAREERS
The history of agriculture dates back to thousands of years ago when man-made tools were used to practice farming and where subsistence farming (farming for family) was introduced. Over time, as technology evolved and the climate changed, people had no choice but to adapt so machinery in agriculture was created. BRANCHES OF AGRICULTURE Agriculture has an official list of 20 branches, including forestry, agricultural engineering, agribusiness, animal and soil sciences, to name a few. Choosing a course in this field will also require you to do studies that revolve around economics, plant pathology, horticulture and entomology. It is proven in the National Development Plan (NDP) that scientific knowledge in agricultural production is a critical skill. BUT FIRST, FARMING Types of farming include: MIXED FARMING This involves the growing of crops, and rearing of farm animals such as cows, goats and sheep, on the same piece of land. Qualifications in mixed farming: • National Certificate (NQFLevel 2): Mixed Farming Systems • National Certificate (NQF Level 1-4): Plant Production • National Certificate (NQF Level 1-4): Animal Production • BAgric Majoring in Mixed Farming Management (University of Free State )
This is a large-scale farming operation, owned by a corporation, that produces crops and other agriculture for profit. This type of farming often involves monoculture, where you grow a single type of crop - the wine farms in Stellenboch are examples of this type of farming. What you can study: • Soil Science • Agricultural Science • Veterinary Science • Biochemistry What you can be: • Agricultural lender • Crop adjuster • Agricultural lobbyist PASTORAL FARMING Also known as livestock farming, this is aimed at farming animals rather than crops. Here you would raise beef cattle for meat or sheep for wool. What you can study: Animal Science or Animal production - a type of science where you study farm animals, their diseases, their growth and production, or their genetics. Studying time period: 4-5 years if you apply for a B.Sc 3 years for a Diploma 1 year if it is a Higher Certificate
Other study paths include: • Plant pathology • Agronomy • Animal and crop production • Animal breeding • Commercial farming
CULTIVATING YOUR CAREER Read on if you are passionate about agriculture and considering career options in the industry. By Lusanda Tamesi 30
Science Stars Agricultural Science Issue | www.sciencestars.co.za
