X.ZHANG selection of work by Xin Zhang

XIN URBAN SYMPHONY

ZHANG

PORTFOLIO

SELECTED WORKS Master of Science in Urban Design and Planning Technology University of Eindhoven scullyzhang@gmail.com x.zhang@student.tue.nl Mobile: 31-0624555958

2010~PRESENT Urban design and planning The regeneration of a postwar neighborhood to a sustainable urban cell

Erasmusveld 2.0

Oss_Green Spine

Park in Oss

Architecture and Urban design Giving Lustre to the Rust

BEFORE 2010 Urban design City Center Renewal Design

Fluid City

Neighborhood Design

Architecture Design

Dalian city history museum

Other Works

Dommelbeemd, Eindhoven, The Netherlands

The regeneration of a postwar neighbourhood to a sustainable urban cell ---- Dommelbeemd district in Eindhoven as case study Urban Design and Planning Master Graduation Project Supervisors: dr. ir. Doevendans, C.H.

ir. Rutgers, R.A. d.p.l.g. Rousseau, S.S.S.

The issue of achieving neighborhood sustainability is linked to the neighborhood regeneration. The transformation aims to enable the neighborhoods or districts to be more livable, sustainable and adaptable in the future. Four typical postwar neighborhoods in Eindhoven are selected as one district named Dommelbeemd as a case study. This research will study the district’s limitations as well as the potentials on the physical, environment, social, design and economic aspects. To achieve that, the main focus will be on possible interventions from a sustainable point of view. Based on the thorough literature study and site analysis, a pack of strategies and designs are developed for the district’s sustainable future. The general goal for Dommelbeemd is achieving sustainability. This goal is achieved through several methods: 1. Local mobility is largely based on public transportation and cycling. 2. Dommelbeemd becomes carbon neutral. 3. District input and output are minimized. 4. Local economy is largely self-sufficient. 5. The residents enjoy a healthy and happy community life. For each method, a pack of approaches are proposed which can always answer the questions: “What” “Why” “How” “When” and “Who”.

neighborhoods

(food, water, energy, goods, clean air)

consumption

Output (waste, wastewater, heat, CO2)

LOCATION ribbon structure

John. F. Kennedylaand

MORPHOLOGY

Input

New green system *local based eco-cycles *more environmental awareness from residents

Sterrenlaan

Input (non-local produced food, water, goods, air) ring structure

neighborhoods + countryside

landscape

(food, water, energy, waste)

Output (local produced food, clean water, energy, left waste, clean air)

reduce, reuse, recycle

Scenario: Eckart shopping centre radial structure

Heesterakker

Vaartbroek cut ribbon

Ecarkt

Luytelaer

parking lots

bus line

transformation of parking space

transformation of road green

200m

35 0m

road structure

350m

150m

9.5

200m

350m

9.5

350m

150m

transformation of lake green

0m 150m

HOV

9.5

After

Before P

3.5

7.5

9.5

P P

3.5

7.5

Green structure of Dommelbeemd

greenhouse field in Vaartbroek park

transformation of backyard space

greenhouse field between the district and countryside

greenhousehousing field in countryside close to Eckart comurban built area munity centre

Trees

transformation of neighborhood road

transformation of supermarket square

transformation of collective parking lots

Scenario A: Eckart shopping centre

Erasmusveld, The Hague, The Netherlands

Erasmusveld 2.0_Green version Urban Design Master Project (stage two) Supervisors: d.p.l.g. S.S.S. Rousseau dr. J.G.A. van Zoest E.A. Zumelzu Scheel Date: Oct. 2010 ~ Dec. 2010

INTRODUCTION

Stakeholders

This part is the seconde stage of the Master project I. It is all based on the previous thorough analysis from stage one. The analysis were conducted in groups and the analysis covers five creteria of sustainable neighborhood.Since it is not individual work, this part will not be introduced here.

The Municipality of The Hague has great ambitions for the redevelopment of Erasmusveld. They want Erasmusveld to be developed as the most sustainable neighborhood in Europe. Therefore Erasmusveld should have various projects that will contribute to the social, economical and ecological sustainability. On the other hand, since a lot of the land in Erasmusveld belongs to project developers and the fact that the municipality has a low budget it is worthwhile to note some of the characteristic ambitions of project developers. Project developers generally wants to build low-rise housing with private green, no or little public green and like to build small projects instead of big plots of land.

Erasmusveld represents the Worldwide aim of reaching a visible representation of sustainability. Within its smaller scale of approach, the opportunity of developing a wholeneighborhood as a sustainable example is unique. Bring the theory to real life and bringsustainability to the inhabitants routine as part of the daily life is the challenge of this project. Erasmusveld is aching for redevelopment. The area is deprived, has functions of an urban fringe (which the area clearly isn’t anymore) and, most importantly, has the perfect conditions to be transformed into the most sustainable neighborhood of Europe. In this ‘action plan’, it also proposes some development phases and reviews the design and strategy on the three dimensions of sustainability; Social, Ecological and Economical.

CONCEPT ANALYSIS ‘Green’ functions Erasmusveld is part of an ecological structure and has a green atmosphere in forms of allotment garden, sports field and open green, thus we prefer to use the green for enhancing the living conditions of the inhabitants. Now, allotment gardens, sport fields and rest green structure are all too enclosed. Also some of the allotment gardens are deprived, not well maintained or even not used. The sport fields are restricted to time and membership and the rest public green are inaccessible and lack of structure. This makes Erasmusveld an enclosed neighborhood and alienates people with this place. On the other hand, the value and landscape of stream and water body are crucial in this area as well.

sports field

Erasmusveld as a green corridor running through horizontolly. Then physically, two axises contribute to a cross.

When the two axises meet, the node plays a key role in future development. It will be the node of transportation, social life, economic activities, etc.

To complete the cross, a physical axis is proposed to provide better accesibility in horizontal directs.

The water structure is added on which forms a network of landscape and road system.

With a dense core around the district node, several neighorhoods of different dense are proposed.

infrastructure

Mobility Although the area is well connected by car, the accessibility by public transport can be better. There is a bus stop at the Leyweg and there runs a tram through the area, but is has no tram stop in Erasmusveld. When looking at the tramlines and tram stops in The Hague, Erasmusveld clearly is lacking a tram stop regarding to the density of tram stops in other neighborhoods, especially when there will be more people coming to Erasmusveld.

receation green

In north-south direction, there are three main roads running through the site. It provides good accessibility.

DESIGN

allotment garden Commertial building sports facility Office and appartment housing block sports field allotment garden

Master Plan

Live Green

Produce Green

Low density medium density high density

The structure of the neighborhood consists of one high density core right in the middle of the area near the new tram stop. Due to its high density there is room for small offices and workspaces, local shops, social services, internet facilities and apartments. Near the center is new football club building which also incorporates other sport facilities. There is also a tower in the center which gives the area its green identity and resembles the function a church tower has in (old) villages. This iconic element is also a nice counter element in relation to the big and metropolitan municipality building in the north of the Leyweg.

Around the center is an area which has mid- and low-rise homes in an open, green, accessible environment. The height of the buildings and the density decreases when moving out of the center. Some of these homes have a private garden while others make use of the public green around the housing blocks. Depending on the roof these will be used for gardens or solar panels. Although there arenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t strict rules regarding the architecture, we propose banning as much fences as possible, regulating building heights, green space distribution and the integration of a certain percent allotments, density, facilitating only in-house parking (if any) and businesses at home, flat roofs for gardens and sloped roofs for solar panels, high ventilation and sunlight requirements etcetera.

The area will make use of green and sustainable technologies and thus should look like a green neighborhood. This will be achieved by realizing an accessible green structure throughout the area. By combining public and private green the area will be far better useable while maintaining its original atmosphere. A fair amount of this green structure will comprise of different forms of urban agriculture. Local production of food will become more popular in the future and supports all dimensions of sustainability. It is more healthy because the vegetables and fruits are fresh and often without pesticides. Also it is cheaper and has a strong positive effect on nature, for the transport is skipped, the food is season bound and there will be less demand for exotic vegetables. Having an allotment garden, people can spend more time outside and have a better community life which is good for the social sustainability. But maybe the most important reason why urban agriculture is central to a sustainable neighborhood is that people who grow their own food will become more aware of their food consumption which will result in a more efficiently use of food generally.

Urban Agriculture High density: roof garden

Medium density: community garden

Low density: private garden

community garden in medium dense neigborhood

private garden in low dense neigborhood

At the outskirts of the neighborhood there are sport fields and allotments which are integrated in an open, green, park-like environment. In this environment water streams are integrated which are not only pleasant for the eye but are functional as well acting as a waterstroage in times of heavy rainfall and supports small water based biotopes. The sport fields, allotments and park at the borders and in the area are not only used by inhabitants of Erasmusveld but also by other citizens of The Hague. These green qualities act as an invitation/attraction for the people of the surrounding neighborhoods who have fewer parks and opportunities for leisure in their own neighborhood. In that way the neighborhood has clear boundaries and therefore feels like a unified neighborhood, but still looks en feels accessible. The elderly and health care services and homes in Erasmusveld will benefit greatly from the open and green surroundings.

main road secondary road pedestrian road parking lots tram stop

Travel Green The structure of the new Erasmusveld promotes sustainable mobility. It will discourage people to use car or pass through the area with their car. Therefore the road Laan van Wateringseveld is designated to lead the people with a car through the area. The rest of the roads are mainly for slow traffic.This will be reflected in the design of the roads by speed reducing measures. Also the inhabitants and visitors can generally not park their car inside the area but have to leave their car outside the street view in the green buffer at the borders of the neighborhood, in in-house parking solutions or in private or collective parking garages. These parking places also facilitate some shared-car uses in order to encourage people to get rid of their (second) owned car.

PHASES

Phase 1

Phase 1 contains the redevelopment of the soccer and hockey fields with the new sport center in the north of the soccer fields. Some sport fields will be integrated in order to save space and to make better use of the available sport fields. Also there will be a temporary bus stop at the Laan van Wateringseveld which can act as a catalyst for the further development of Erasmusveld. This phase is social sustainable on its own for the sport center and bus- or tram stop function as â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;third places, meeting places. The area is also highly multifunctional. The parking lot and sport fields can be used for events while the sport center houses various sports and can be used in the daytime in other ways as a conference hall for example, which is good for the economical sustainability. The sport fields will have no fences which will open up the area for both people as animals (ecological). Landowners: The Municipality Partners: The Hague Tram Company (HTM), Soccer and Hockey club and the Municipality

cycling path

urban agriculture education center

farming on the roof

Phase 2 Phase 2 includes the development of the center with apartments and office buildings and the replacement of the deprived allotment gardens with new mid- to low-rise housing in the southeast. Also a large part of the boulevard will be build. This compasses quite a large area which is needed to realize a well integrated area. Later on, a tram stop should replace the bus stop when there is sufficient demand. This area has currently little quality and is therefore a good location for the first major redevelopment of Erasmusveld. If phase three and/or four (which presently hosts nice functions) canâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t be realized it is still a nice, viable, green neighborhood. This phase alone is highly sustainable for several reasons. The center as a meeting place, diverse people by diverse housing, community gardens and the boulevard, the removal of the deprived allotments and the high density will ensure the social sustainability in this stage. Also regarding economics this phase is highly sustainable. High density, few parking lots, diverse housing, functions that serve a higher scale and are underrepresented in the environment, using spaces different in time and space and building the needed offices and daily shops can mean a high profit. This profit can be used to incorporate sustainable materials and technologies in the buildings, which can be achieved by involving project developers, green partners and an association for future residents to create synergy. Lastly the extensive green fenceless structure with the green boulevard corridor and the allotment gardens will enhance the ecological migration of species. Landowners: The Municipality, PPP (Leyhof and Steynhof), Project developer (Zonnepit, De populier and Celeritas) Partners: The Soccer and Hockey club, the Municipality, Project developers, the Allotment association, Housing corporation and Green/sustainable partners in technology. v

Phase 3 Development of the north-east and the southwest of Erasmusveld. Building of low-rise and mid-rise housing while integrating and redeveloping some of the allotment gardens in those areas. Later (phase 3.5) the green areas, which will include various forms of allotment gardens, will be build with the money generated from the housing projects. In those areas people who want an allotment gardens will have a garden there. Practically phase three will contain the development of the rest of Erasmusveld including the overall structure while maintaining the best maintained allotment garden along the Erasmusweg. The described developments during phase three are sustainable in all three aspects. First the completed structure contains various meeting places (public gardens, open market, sport center, educational center, boulevard etcetera) which contribute to the social sustainability. Also the lack of parked cars makes the neighborhood far more friendly and unified. Concerning the economical dimension, the houses which will be developed are really wanted and therefore generate a high profit. This profit, in combination with contributions of schools can finance the parks and the learning garden. Besides that the selling and producing of crops is positive. Overall, Erasmusveld is highly self sustaining and even serves a larger area than its own. Regarding ecological sustainability the completion of the boulevard, the green corridor, the parks, the reopening of the historical canal and the absence of cars and fences makes the neighborhood a friendly environment for animals. Also by not building houses at the border of the city, but inside urban area, saves valuable rural/natural land. The educational center for children will make the future generation more aware about nature. Landowners (3): Private owners (Vlietlust, Vtv Johanna and the owner of the farms), Project developer (Meertslocatie) Landowners (3.5): The Municipality, Private owners (Rhyhove), Project developer (Meertslocatie and Celeritas) Partners: Municipality, Project developers, Private owners, Allotment association, Housing corporation, Hoogheemraadschap van Delfland, Green technology partners, Association of educational institutions in Escamp.

Phase 4 The final phase of the transformation of Erasmusveld to a highly sustainable neighborhood consists of the redevelopment of the two allotment garden areas near the Erasmusweg. These areas will be build with mid- and high-rise buildings in a green environment. The actual distribution is flexible and will depend on the current real estate market and other factors. These areas are ideal for the last stage of the transformation because of the well maintained and frequently used allotment gardens. Besides the users and owners of the gardens can get used to the idea that they probably need to move to one of the many allotment areas in Erasmusveld or will receive money from the developers. Also, some of these allotments will be integrated in the urban structure. The social sustainability of this phase will be high due to the integration of some of the existing gardens into the new urban area. Also the owners of the gardens will probably move to other green areas which are in between urban functions. Also by developing this last phase the transformation of Erasmusveld is complete which enhances the experience of belonging and makes the area more recognizable/imaginable. Also the center of the neighborhood will function better when it is a spatial center. The functions, facilities and vividness in this center will also benefit from the increased amount of inhabitants of Erasmusveld by the projects of this phase. Because of the characteristics of the dwellings and neighborhood which were elaborated earlier the profits of the redevelopment will be relatively high. This can be used to offer alternatives to the people who owned an allotment by either buying their plot or relocating them. Overall it will be good for the municipalityâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s financial balance. Regarding the ecological sustainability the completion of the green structure, the green corridor/boulevard and the buffer zone along the Erasmusweg are valuable projects which will ensure the migration of species. Furthermore by building more houses here, greenfield locations will be spared. Of course the green roofs, solar panels and many other green technologies and materials are great for the ecology in general. Landowners: The Municipality, PPP (Leyhof), Private owners (Vtv Johanna), Water facility Partners: Municipality, Public private partnership, Private owners, Water facility, Hoogheemraadschap van Delfland, Allotment association, Housing corporation and Green technology partners

park along the river

Oss, North Brabant, The Netherlands

OSS_ GREEN SPINE Urban planning and Design Master Project (second stage) Supervisors: dr.ir.Michiel Dehaene ir.Reinder Rutgers Individual work Date April. 2011 ~Jun. 2011

project area

study area

Introduction

Analysis

The city of Oss locates in the northern part of North Brabant province and, as a provincial city, it situated between two relatively larger cities Den Bosch and Nijmegen. In the near future, the large company Organon and the city hospital will leave. The city faces a role transformation. After being labeled as agriculture city, industry city and livable city, what is the new image for Oss in the new era? What potentials and city problems does Oss have? What is the future of the city? Oss is facing a moment to rethink the role and being well prepared for future. The center of Oss represents its origin, core and identity. The city was formed and developed largely on the base of the center. It means significance to the city both in the past and nowadays. After the city expands and the centrality moves, it is time to ask: what does the centrality mean to Oss in nowadays? Does the historical core still represent the center of Oss?

Public space analysis

Functional City After the amenity buildings moved to the Molenstraat, the tension on the street was strengthened.The railway was built up which brought a large number of people to Oss. They city expanded and centerality moves towards south. At that time, people were congregat ed in factory, historical center as well as religious buildings.

Catholic City During the pre-war period, Oss can be called ‘catholic city’ because the public space is mainly related to the catholic religion such as church and relating institutional buildings. At the same time, the Molenstraat was quite important because of public facilities and offices. A tension was formed between north and south via this street. Catholic city

Livable City New type of public space and domain appeared during the modern age since 1975. In that time period, the car is dominative. The centeral area was redesigned to be a pedestrian area which surrouded by parking lots. In that case, people are encouraged to access the center by car. Until now, the center is still like an island floating in the sea of parking lots. On the other hand, the amenties was relocated to better service the people in south. And it becomse a sub-center with culture functions. Functional city

Morphological analysis This part of analysis is focused on the morphological change due to the historical development and planning of the city. The physical central of Oss changed as a result of morphological changes of the city. At first, Oss was formed around a central triangular shaped square called the ‘Heuvel’ and further developed along the ribbon structure. Later a grid pattern was added on and ribbons are cut off by new grid structure .As the city expanded, gradually the center moved towards south along Molenstraat and eventually stopped by the railway track. After the war, the city expanded more quickly, a larger ring was constructed and the railway runs from east to west, right through the city and divides Oss into two parts. In 1974, a group of amenity buildings were relocated along Raadhuislaan, paralleled to railway, in order to be better accessed by all residents especially people living in South. However this particular infrastructure pattern and city structure later lead to failure of this public space.

Functional city

Livable city

However, the current situation is not satisfying. Large scale buildings are scattering on the green carpet and the back yard is occupied by parking lots. The space in front of the buildings is open and unattractive. Overall, the culture center is not well functioned as the planner first expected.

Functional enclave

Scenario

When the grid infrastructure was established, the city began to develop towards a functional city. Different function area was connected by road system, such as industry area, shopping area, amenity area, etc. One of the advantages of this strategy is that ‘cluster effect’ brings the industry prosperity, especially the area along the railway. However the weakness is that those function areas gradually developed into enclaves in the city. They failed to connected with surroundings. The longer period it grows, the more obvious the boundary is and space along the boundary was left behind with bad quality.

The analysis above presents the problems left by the development history. It brings to think that if Oss should stay on the old track or is there a better way for new Oss in future?

Re-orgnized infrastructure

For Oss, the current infrastructure system and parking lots in the center brings too much traffic through the city and to the center. People are encouraged to use car in the city or access the center. In that case, the historical center tends to shrink into a condense core with less connection with surroundings. As to the ribbon structure, the road and the activities along the ribbon are part of memory of Oss. However nowadays it is more dominated by car. The street life is facing disappearing. So re-organizing the road and parking system will change the way people travel and it will benefit the city in long term.

place for people who work in the industry zone. In return, the new industry area can break the north ‘wall’ and give the space back to the city as an extension of amenity green space. This kind of positive interaction can also be established between historical center and amenity area by improving the ribbon road system; the hospital open green and amenities zone; the sports field and housing area. Considering the scenarios, a plannig will be made for Oss. In the plan,the definition of centrality and the scale of the center is redefined. Instead of dense and centralized core, the historical center is proposed to be one part of the expanded center. The new center would be more integrated, dynamic and attractive to citizens and visitors.

railway linkage road potential route main public space amenity area historical center industry zone open green green buffer

Break the railway boundary function distribution in Oss

bird view of function enclaves

The railway plays a fundamental role for industry and city expansion. However it acts a boundary which clearly separate the north and south part. Too many crossing points influence the travel continuity. Breaking the boundary and re-building the tension between north and south will encourage people move between north and south, also more developing opportunity and dynamic life will be given to the historical Molenstraat and south Oss. The amenity zone will be more accessible by citizens and visitors.

Impoved public space

Amenity zone

To better serve the citizens in next ten to twenty years, Oss needs to improve the quality of public space. And the centeral area is supposed to be multi-functional space which offers shopping, leisure, recreation, sports, education, etc. The new public space will be easily accessed and experienced as a sequence of walking. It will be flexibly used by different group of users and in different time period.

Connected function enclaves

To achieve the cohesion between the function enclaves on urban scale, the enclave is supposed not to only develop on its own but to work as a system and serve for each other. When the boundary is broke, the quality of edge space will be improved. For example, during lunch hour, the amenity zone can be a leisure

Scenario plan

Planning for expanded center railway

Green structure Applying different types of green is one of the important tool to improve the quality of public space. And building up the green backbone for the city is beneficial for ecological system and living environment in long term. In future Oss, the green spine along the railway will be the intensive green area which means most of the green in this area are multi-functional. It aims to design for relaxing, recreation, sports field, education, etc. The allotment garden on the west and green buffer along the railway extend the green spine which becomes also part of green structure on larger scale. Community parks and cemeteries locate in the city for lower level service. Most of them already exist in community. The only needed design

Transportation

is to connect them with more pedestrian friendly route, like adequate pavement and shade in summer. To the periphery, a large scale of green such as farm land and open green space is along the main roads which provide a nice view for car drivers or accessible the nature for citizens and visitors.

main road secondery road ribbon road intensive green open green community garden institution green farm land

The infrastructure in Oss is a combination of traditional ribbon and modern grid. In the historical heart of Oss, there are traffic congestion, over amount of parking lots and inadequate public space. In future, cars are no longer the dominative transportation, especially in central area. The ring road around the center is for car traffic and bus. The lower level of grid road system is reorganized for slow traffic on which the bicycle and bus are more dominative than car. As to the ribbon road, because the main shopping streets of Oss developed among the original ribbon of the city. Due to the culture and function consideration, the improved pleasant environment is mainly for pedestrian. The parking lots are moved from the historical center to further place, such as along the main road where the fast traffic meets slow traffic. Another collective parking area is along the railway under the tunnel which will be introduced in following

part. People

railway

in the center are encouraged to walk, cycle or take a bus. Less dependent on cars is not only for energy and environment sustainable, but also for more public and street life. People gain more chances to meet and mingle when their pace slow down.

main road secondery road ribbon road

ground parking lots

underground parking

main road traffic slow traffic cycling and walking

Project plan Legend 3-5 m 2-3m 0-2m 0m sports field water

Project area

large size tree

Project Location

medium size tree

The area along the Raadhuislaan and railway is a cluster of amenities established since 1970s, containing public buildings such as city hall, office of public health service, library, theater, police office, cinema, high school, church, swimming center, etc. This area is one of the important public space in last decades with high urban potential. In the new plan, it is proposed to be one of the most strategic area for future development as a mediation between the historical center and the expanded center.

N N

Design

150m

Bird view of green spine

The concentration of public facilities and wide spread green poses a unique and ambitious gesture for future role. The project attempts to create a new type of park space. Different from a traditional park concept, it is a multi-function and intensive green space with public building and housing tower scattering inside. The landscape is the tool to mediate the scale and arrange the programs. After collecting, combining and reallocating the existing open space, new space and programs are designed according to environment and urban needs.

Gree tunnel & Slope The first task is to connect the space on the two sides of railway. A tunnel with height of 5 meters is designed over the track. In general, the tunnel is both a passing route for pedestrian and cyclist and a place for stopping, recreation and relaxation. Seen from outside, the tunnel is not recognized as a cover but an integrated part of the park. The slope grows slightly and leads people pass over the train tunnel. To make it feasible and integrate the tunnel into the landscape, two actions are taken. First, after the train goes into the tunnel from west side, the track inside sinks for 1 meters and it raise again when it comes out. In that case the height of middle tunnel is 4 meters. Second action is creating a comfort slope for cycling from the ground to 4 meters high. The route for bicycle is designated. On these routes, the slope begins more than 100 meters away from the top. Thus, it ensure the angle of cycling route is no more than 4%. Then the slopes have a natural look and merge into the landscape well. The tunnel improves space quality by removing the parking and railway boundary. Moreover, the tunnel is designed not only for train passing, but also a substation of the old parking lots at the back side. Under the slope at the height of 2-3 meters the space is preserved for parking which cars can access from the main road without going cross the park area.

Old situation

Accessiblity

Legend railway main road secondery road

New situation

bicycle route walking route height change

Pespective on the tunnel

ground parking lots

underground parking

The second task is to increase the accessibility of the park. The park is open to public on north side while on the south side, road is hidden behind a housing block and the park entrance is missing. For that, one housing block is tore down and the space is transformed into a green anchor in south. Functionally, it belongs to the park but also it serves as a community park for housing nearby. To make up for the housing lost, four housing tower along the railway are built in park environment. Meanwhile, two bicycle routes run through the park which provide an alternative for cyclists to experience the green and meet people rather than being parallel with cars.

Section of cycling route

150m

Unban context The third task is integrate the park into urban context and establish smooth transition. The green spine is connection with city on different scale. The main connection between historical center and south is established on city scale. On district level, industry, housing, spine park and hosptital area work in cohesion functionally and physically. In the site, the network and tthe tension inside is created as well. The east side starting from Jan Cunnen park, connects the new bus station and the street in front of the train station. It provide a legible route for people to access the park or to the center via Molenstraat. To the west, along the railway are public

Legend

City square railway

allotment garden. They are well maintained and gated. These gardens will be open to public and as a part of green spine park, people can walk inside and even buy products from the owner, such as vegetables, flower, honey, etc. It is aim to enrich the park function and complete the green spine structure.

city connection district connection sit connection cultural program city program educational program

The space between the city hall and the office of public health serviece is designed to be a city square which is bounded by two diagonal line. It aims to use the space maximally and also provide open view for people on Raadhuislaan which lead people in naturally. On the square there are two triangle fountain of different size. The steam water comes directly from the ground. It will be big an attraction on large open field, also it can a water mirror reflecting surroundings when it does not work. The square will be one of the most important public domain in the city on which an annually city event or gathering can be held.

recreational program garden program Bird view form west side of the park

Pespective of city square

Pespective of cycling slope and park in south

150m

Conclusion & Potentials for future

Green structure Considering the economic and function reasons, the program â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;green spineâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; is composed by various types of green which is owned and managed by different shareholders. Diverse activies are implemented into the green space as well.

The role of the central area of Oss faced significant changes during the city development. Today, the notion of centrality is redefined again. In new plan, Oss will expand the central area. In this area, function units will become multi-functional and with different layer of network, it will be an integrated entity. The new expanded center will later be the base structure for further development. By integrating the city, it will increase urban activities on economic, social and ecological aspects. Moving the parking lots away from the center will release the traffic load in the center. On the contrary, the new road system are dominated by slow traffic. For social aspect, without limited area of pedestrian and too much traffic, the street life will be largely improve. People are encouraged to come out of the house and enjoy public life. For economical aspect, after rebuilding the tension between historical center and railway area, some roads such as the Molenstraat will become important again on city scale. Better accessibility and increasing number of visiting people will increase

Municipality owned

Institution owned

Public owned

Part of green is owned by municipality which includes park, sports field, garden, etc. It aim to serve for public and city events. Most of the green space are flexible with function. For example, the green anchor in south play several roles as a park space. As a city park it it provides a large piece of green for the city and the entrance for spine park. To the residents living nearby, it is a community park for daily use. For the students in high shool, it is a nature playground.

The other part is owned by the institutions. It is accessible by public while it can be used for commercial purpose sometimes. For example, the book fair, art exhibition, open air theater can be organized by library or theater. It will be an interesting part of city culture and social life. The financial problem can be solved by charging tickets or getting support from sponsors. Also the facilities for high schools can be used by public during weekends or holidays. In return, the city garden can be used for educational purpose.

The last type of green, as mentioned above is the open allotment garden. Urban agriculture can be an important for future Oss because Oss owns an agriculture background and it provides a sustainable developing strategy for future. This part of allotment garden can one experimental project implemented into the large park.

the value of the land and flourish the business. New developing opportunities and housing refurbishment or densification will be required inthe center. When the tension reaches the south side, new housing projects can be developed. On the city scale, the park owns key place in future city development. First, it acts as linkage between north-south and eastwest. The spine connected the fragment area and by improving the space quality, it brings dynamic urban life back to center. Moreover, this ambitious design will catalyze the whole city development in the future. For example, later the hospital will leave. Along the road Doctor Saal van Zwanenbergsingel which runs across the park, the empty plots can be developed. Also after the Organon leaves, this industry area will look for a new role Whether occupied by new industry, business offices or housing project, those projects will definitly benefit from the green and multifunctional environment.

Oss, North Brabant, The Netherlands

PARK IN OSS Landscape Design Course Assignment Individual work Supervisors: dr.ir.Michiel Dehaene Date Nov. 2010 ~ Jan. 2011

‘s - Hertogenbosch, North Brabant, The Netherlands

Historical evolution and Urban transformation

Giving Lustre to the Rust Architecture and Urban Design European Laboratory Industrial Reuse Workshop Supervisors: prof. Arch. Dimitra Diana Babalis (IT) Role: site visit, urban analysis, developing concept, master plan, scenario, final presenter Date: Oct. 24 2011~ Nov. 4, 2011 Infrastructure System

Concept generation

The proposal aims to reinterpret the industry area as a part of new urban space with new features, new opportunities and new identity. The canals will be treated as connections linking the city with the old town but also providing high quality landscape and public domains for the city. Then, the creation of a pedestrian bridge, cycling route and reuse of the industrial buildings with mixed functions allow a great diversity and sociability among people. On small scale, the concept is mostly determinded by the “old” city landmark - monument building. It has several distinct functions: the ground floor is commercial; the middle floor is offices; and the top floor restaurant provides a panoramic view of the city. Via a reused ‘bridge’, this multifunctional building is connected with another bulidngs with appartments, exhibition space and library. As for other industrial buildings - the silo is designed as a sustainable hotel and the old warehouse will transform into a pulic space with leisure facilities. Then the parking square will become a dynamic and attractive place center in future.

De heus former industrial site

Canals as identity, as resources as infrastructure

Master plan

shops & cafe

cinema

silo hotel

square