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Product Red A PEACEFUL WORLD Peace Parks, p. 2
CONCEPT ARTICLE Global Crisis, Global Action, p. 8-9
VALUES TO LIVE BY Healthy Living, p. 14
A PEACEFUL WORLD
Peace Parks Do you believe that there is a need for harmony between humans and nature? What do you think could belief in such a philosophy lead to? For Dr. Anton Rupert, belief in the above philosophy served as the driving force in his desire to bring about meaningful change to Africa. It led him to make use of Africa’s two biggest assets—its people and natural beauty— to fight poverty. The Beginnings In May 1990, World Wildlife Fund South Africa leader Rupert met with President Joaquim Chissano of Mozambique regarding his vision of establishing links between protected areas in South Africa, Mozambique, Swaziland and Zimbabwe. Such
• GODFREY T. DANCEL
transfrontier conservation areas (on peace parks) were seen as better alternatives to traditional national parks, as they were to become showcases of how multiple resource use by local communities and a properly guided tourism industry could bring about positive change. After careful study spanning six years, the leaders of WWF and the four countries arrived at a unified stand. They envisioned the whole of Africa as a tourist destination; among whose attractions were peace parks. With this, the Peace Park Foundation was born. Not long after, the first peace park came into existence. The peace parks became tools for promoting the coexistence between man and nature, as well as regional peace and stability. Focus: Partnerships After more than a decade of service, the foundation still adheres to its original philosophy: that peace and harmony between man and nature, as well as various partnerships, are key to bringing about meaningful change to Africa. The foundation still helps forge and develop partnerships, using existing ones as proof that indeed, through strategic collaboration, various groups could achieve more together compared to what they would be able to achieve on h i own. heir
STUDENT’S DIGEST WORLD D (ISSN 2012-1210) is published during the school year by SD Publications, Inc. with Business & Editorial Offices at Vibal PUblishing House, Incc., G. Araneta Avenue cor. Ma. Clara Street, Quezon City. • Tel. 712-27-22, loc. 125 • Approved by the Philippine Council for Print Media un nder a Certificate of Registration dated June 18, 1980 & as a supplementary material for Social Studies in the Elementary & High School levels by the Department of Education per letter dated September 18, 2000. Member, Philippine Educational Publishers Association. Publisher: Nila V. Mata; Asssociate Editor: Frederick N. Castillo; Consultant: Ricardo T. Jose, Ph.D.; Staff Writers: Arlene C. Cammayo, Lady Camille L. de Guia and Rom mina Lou B. Martin; Graphic Artist: Paul David D. Arcos; Art and Design Supervisor: Francisco DC. Mendoza; Stripping and Imagesetting Supervisorr: Noel L. Perez Entered as second-class mail matter.
2 • STUDEN EN NT’S DIGEST
Also due to the heightened awareness on the real state of the environment and related issues, more and more people are becoming conscious of which causes, activities and products to support. Indalo Yethu, the independent trust of the South African government’s Department of Environmental Affairs and Tourism, promotes ecofriendly practices through endorsing projects, products and services that promote an ecofriendly lifestyle. The endorsement brand was conceptualized in the World Summit on Sustainable Development held in South Africa in 2002. Indalo Yethu helps spread awareness on environmental responsibility by publicizing activities and programs aimed at such cause. This way, people are reassured of the credibility of these programs and activities. At the same time, organizations get incentives such as media mileage and increased credibility for being endorsed by Indalo Yethu.
Apart from endorsement, Indalo Yethu also works toward setting standards for ecofriendly activities and practice, endorsing environmental products, services, programmes, processes and events, enhancing the market for green goods and services and encouraging new actions to improve South Africa’s performance in the fields of water, energy, biodiversity, waste management and pollution. Environmental Protection=Good Business Another important impact of the Indalo Yethu project is showing organizations and corporations how environmental protection equals good business. Indalo Yethu increases publicity for endorsees, which attracts interest, and ultimately, more business.
SAVE THE EARTH
Environmental protection and sustainable development are global concerns. World leaders, business leaders and common people are urged to pitch in and contribute toward furthering these causes.
For example, once consumers see the Indalo Yethu logo emblazoned on a product, they would instantly associate it with environmental responsibility, which is an edge in a market where people are getting more and more into ecofriendly living.
Indalo Yethu
• LADY CAMILLE L. DE GUIA
Also, by spreading awareness on exemplary practices, Indalo Yethu encourages other organizations to follow suit. Endorsement Program Indalo Yethu endorses programs and projects by different sectors and aims to unite these ecofriendly and greening activities under one umbrella. Endorsed activities and programs will carry the Indalo Yethu logo, which the program wishes to develop into a recognized symbol of credibility in greening.
WORLD • 3
COVER STORY
Product Red JORDDAN S. DIOQUIINO
N oth No ther er sett o off letters rss provokes as much mu ch h dread reead,, reepu pugnan ance,, miseery and comp co pleete t hel elp ples essness as AIDS. An infe in f ct fe c io ouss and ffaatall dis i ea easee, th he ac acquirred d im immu mmu m ne defi eficieenc ncy synd n ro r me (AIDS D ) is fast fa s bec st e om omin in ng tth he wo w rld’ d’s numb mber one plag pl ag gue ue,, wi with th h aro round d 40 million o peopl p e, incl in clud ud din ing g hu hund nd dre r ds of thousands of o chil ch ildr il dreen dr en iin n Af A ri rica a, liiving with it. An nd u le un less ss a ssci c en ci nti tifi ficc breakt r kthrough g is made d to gett rid to d of th this is inc ncur u able disease, mo ur m re an nd mo more r p re peo eopl p e ma pl m y su s fffer e and d— even ev en ntu tuaally l —l ly —los osse th thei e r pr p ec ecio i us u lives. As the g glo lo oba b l pr prob ob ble lem m ab bou ut A AIIDS S turn turn r s from o bad om d to wo orse, e a num umbe berr of co onc n errne n d pe peop op ple from all wa w lk ks of o lif ie haave sto tood od up an and ta tak ken arms mss to ra raiise awar aw aren ar en nesss ab abou outt th the dise sease an and d heelp l thee af th affe f ct fe cted ed d peo eople in the heir ir own wn dyn namic way. wa y. O Onee o off th thes ese me es m thod ods is RE RED. Product Red RE ED— D—or or P Pro ro odu d ct R RED ED— ED —is a b si bu sine ness ss m mod odel el creat reeat a ed to raaise
4 • STUD UDEN DEN E T’S DIGE G ST T
awaren e esss and st s ab ble finan a ciial cooperation fr co from om the om h priva ate t sector to heelp p eliiminate t AIDS te S in Afric ica. a Fou ound nded e by famouss U2 U voc o alist, Bon no; o and l wy la yer Bobby y Shriv verr, RED D pa p rtneers with some of the wor o ld’s mosst popu pu ula lar b an br nds d to pr p oduce orr manufacture a prod duct wiith a Produ uctt RED E logo. In reetu turn forr the h opp p ortunity to pp o increase se their own re reveenuee th thro r ug gh the th Prod th o uctt od R D pr RE p od ducts t they pu p t on o the he mar a kett, a po ortion of o the h profi he fit is giv ven to th he Global Fund w wh hic i h acct as a the h internatio iona naal fund nder e of pr p og graams m tha hatt c mb co m at diseases like AID I S. S Mone n y raised e thr hrou o gh hR RED D are r sent directly y to the Globa bal al Fund nd, d wh w icch then n transfeers tho ose con on ntr t ib ibut u ions to the h beneficiaries with re rega g rd ds to o the ac a hi h evement of the h ir respeect c iv i e perfformance taargets. Thrrou ugh thi h s, s p op pe ple are given ass s uran nce c that every do ollar raise s d iss eff f ectively and nd im mmeedi d ately tr translated ed int n o lives saved. d
To date, over $110 milllion o hav a e al a reead ady ady been raised, and it is still inc n reas asin as ing. in g. Fu Fund und ds from RED D tha h t wo w ulld he help elp p affl af ffl flic icted icte ic teed pe p ople buy foo od an nd me med diciine h ve already been diisbursed to ha t recipieent co oun untries such h as Lesotho, Ghana, Rwan nda a and n Swa w ziland. Main Principles Product RE RED’s main princcip ple les for facilitating g such dy yna n mic and am mbitiiou ous undertakings are to o pr pr o e AI promot A DS work kp pllace and d po oliicciies and practices ess, expa p nd oppor ortu tuniti tiies for o the peo oplee of Africca an nd to t see thee power of the comm mun u ity mo m bi b lize zeed for hopee, heeal a th h and prog og gress. Acco co ord ding to the he peo op plle behind the ide d a, not onl n y wi will lll the sale l s of Pro ro odu d ct c RED D hel e p prev ven e t th he sp pread off AIDS in Afriica a, it will al a so o prrov o id de access to ed e ucat attion, n nuttri r tiion on, co ounseli liing n and medical ser e vices. The h fruit of thi h s bu busi sineess mod si o el e has act ctu tually y become a rea e lization n in co oun ntriess su uch ch as Rwa w nda, where the num umbe mb r of of peo oplle receeiving treatm re t en nts ffor AID DS ha hass i cr in crea ease seed teenfol o d. Criticism T e me Th m thod of Prrod oduct RE RED, ho owever, hass not been impllem emen enteed w th wi thou o t crit i icism. Critics argue uee thatt the th he met he e ho od has no ot be b en as e fe ef fective ass cchariitable contribu utions. Th hey y also attack ck k its t partn ner erss fo or no ot disc di disc s lo osiing the h amo m un u t go oin ng to o ch haari rity y. Fu urtthermore, e the h y accuse see Prro odu du t R duct RED ED ED o und of nder e mi m ning n thee actt of gi givi ving vi ng g and d off prrofiting g by usi s ng diseaase ses aass marrke k tiing g veehi h clle. Butt despite t the h cri rittiiciism ms, Bono, Sh S ri r veer an nd th he pe peop op ple beh e in i d Pr Pr Product RED D co c nt ntin nuee to im impl plem pl emen em entt this th hiss met ettho od— —believ evin ev vin ng thatt b by y do doin oin ing g so, they so e are ree touchin ng th he liivess of of man a y people. pe
Bran Br ands an dss Inv nvolve nvol ollveed in in Produ rodu ro duct ct R RED ED •
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A. CCon A. onccepts to on o Defi e ne 1. plaguue 2. cha harri rita tabl blee bl 3. undermini ning ni ng g B. Quest B. estio tion to t Ans nswe werr 1. Hoow w doe o s Pr P od o ucct RE RED D he help lp peopl eo opl plee essppeeci cial ial ally lyy Afri Af rica caans with h AIDS? Ho H w ccaan it hel e p ra r issin ingg awar a en enes esss ab es bout AIDS? 22.. D Doe oees Pr Prod odduc uctt REED ddeeva v luee th thee ac actt of o chari hari ha rittyy? Expl Expl Ex p ai ain n yo your ansswe werr. r.
WORL ORLD RLD • 5
WORLD GEOGRAPHY
Known for its cultural and ethnic diversity, South Africa is a young republic located at the southern tip of the African continent. Geography and Demographics South Africa is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean in the west and by the Indian Ocean in the south and east. It is surrounded by Namibia in the northwest, Zimbabwe and Botswana in the north and Mozambique and Swaziland in the northest. The country has a temperate climate, it also has extremes such as in the desert of the Karoo, the snowcapped peaks of the Drakensberg Range, abundant subtropical coast of Kwazulu-Natal and the rich valleys of Western Cape.
uninhabited southern point of Africa in 1487, calling the place the Cape of Storms. Renamed as Cape of Good Hope, Jan Van Riebeeck turned the land as a refreshment station on behalf of the Dutch East India Company, eventually turning it into a Dutch colony. To prevent it from falling into the hands of France, Great Britain invaded the area in 1795. The British returned it to the Dutch in 1803, but later took over the area completely when Dutch East India Company went bankrupt. Despite several ethnic and territorial wars, the British managed to consolidate their position in South Africa until the early 20th century.
The country’s estimated population is 48 million, consisting of Whites and Bantu-speaking African ethnic groups such as the Zulu, Xhosa, Basotho, Bapedi, Venda, Tswana, Tsonga, Swazi and Ndebele.
In 1910, the Union of South Africa was created and became autonomous under sovereign authority within the empire. The union then created antiBritish policies focused on ultimate independence which was eventually achieved in 1961 when South Africa was declared a republic.
History South Africa holds some of the oldest fossil remains in the world, suggesting that humans lived in the country as early as three million years ago. Portuguese explorer, Bartolomeu Dias (or Bartholomeo Diaz), reached the
The government, however, continued implementing the racial segregation policy called apartheid. A spate of harsh suppression by the government, and at times violent resistance, strikes, marches and protests put the country in the spotlight from the 1980s to the 1990s.
South Africa •JORDAN S. DIOQUINO
In 1990, then president F.W. de Klerk began to remove apartheid. And in 1994 the first democratic election was held in South Africa. This election brought Nelson Mandela and the African National Congress (ANC) to power, turning South Africa into a multi-racial democracy. At present, the ANC- led government continues to be burdened with social issues such as poverty and AIDS. The government, however, vowed to promote economic growth and foreign investment to sustain South Africa's growth.
6 • STUDENT’S DIGEST
The life of Nelson Mandela is a mixture of aspirations, struggles and success. He dreamed and cherished the idea of a free society in which all men live together in harmony and with equal opportunities.
When President F.W. de Klerk lifted the ban on the ANC and abolished apartheid, Mandela was freed from prison. He then helped the country hold its first multiracial elections. He was then elected as the first black president of the country. As President from May 1994 until June 1999, Mandela presided over the transition from minority rule and apartheid, winning international respect for his advocacy of national and international reconciliation. Mandela won hundreds of national and international recognition, including the Nobel Peace Prize.
WORLD PROFILE
Early Life Mandela was born Rohlihlahla Mandela in a humble village in Transkei, South Africa. His grandfather, from whom he got his surname, was one of the sons of the Inkosi Enkhulu or King of the Thembu people. When his father died of tuberculosis, the king of Thembu adopted him. He attended a Wesleyan mission school near the palace at the age of nine, making him the first member of his family to attend a school. At the age 16, he studied at Clarkebury Boarding Institute and completed his Junior Certificate. Groomed to become the king’s privy councillor as his father was, he enrolled at Wesleyan College in Fort Beaufort and at the Fort Hare University where he met some future African political leaders such as Oliver Tambo and Kaiser Matanzima.
Umkhonto we Sizwe, the ANC’s armed wing. He was arrested in 1964 and was sentenced to life imprisonment on Robben Island.
Nelson Mandela
•JORDAN S. DIOQUINO
Awakening Displeased by the arranged marriage set for him, Mandela went to Johannesburg where he worked as guard at a mine, and later as a clerk in a law firm. While working, he obtained a B.A. at the University of South Africa and began his law studies at the University of Witwatersrand where his political ideas were shaped. He then became involved in a series of protest against apartheid, or the policy of racial segregation. He became a member of the African National Congress party (ANC) where he provided the fundamental program of the anti-apartheid cause. Inspired by Mahatma Gandhi, he was initially committed to nonviolent mass struggle. But after being arrested and charged of treason, he cofounded the ECONOMICS W NOMICS ORLD • 7