TWO WAY RADIO PRIMER Parts of a radio*
*may differ based on manufacturer.
Antenna
Push-to-Talk
Channel Knob
Speaker Microphone
Power & Volume
Battery
Four Golden Rules of Communication 1. Clarity: Your voice should be clear, speak slower, and in a conversational tone. 2. Simplicity: Keep messages simple and concise. 3. Brevity: Be precise and to the point. 4. Security: Do not discuss confidential information.
BASIC RADIO RULES Radio communication can be awkward if certain guidelines are not followed. Following a general etiquette makes things easier and more effective. The following are some general rules: The international radio language is English, except in cases where you are licensed to speak in some other language. When using a two-way radio you cannot speak and listen at the same time, as you can with a phone. Don't interrupt if you hear other people talking. Wait until their conversation is finished unless it is an emergency. If it is an emergency, inform the other parties that you have an urgent emergency message (see "Emergency Calls" below). Do not respond if you aren't sure the call is for you. Wait until you hear your call sign to respond. Never transmit sensitive, confidential, financial or military information. Unless you're certain your conversations are secured with the proper level of encryption for the level of sensitivity, assume your conversations can be heard by others. Perform radio checks to ensure your radio is in good working condition. Ensure the battery is charged and the power is on. Keep the volume high enough to be able to hear calls. Regularly make radio checks to make sure everything is working and that you are still in range to receive signals. Memorize call signs and locations of persons and radio stations you communicate with regularly. In radio communication you are not called by your name. Everybody has their own unique call sign. Think before you speak. Decide what you are going say and to whom it is meant for. Make your conversations as concise, precise, and clear as possible. Avoid long and complicated sentences. If your message is long, divide it into separate shorter messages. Do not use abbreviations unless they are well understood by your group.
SPEAK THE LANGUAGE Two-way radio communication also includes some key words and phrases with meanings that you should become familiar: RADIO CHECK
What is my signal strength?
GO AHEAD
You are ready to receive transmission
STAND-BY
You acknowledge the other party, but cannot respond
ROGER or TEN FOUR NEGATIVE AFFIRMATIVE SAY AGAIN OVER OUT BREAK, BREAK, BREAK READ YOU LOUD AND CLEAR COME IN
Message received and understood No Yes Re-transmit message Finished All conversation is finished and channel is clear Interruption because of emergency Response to a radio check. Signal is good. Can you hear me?
COPY
I understand
WILCO
I will comply
REPEAT
Used before you say something again
The following are specific to marine and aviation calls: SECURITE
Safety call. Alert to some safety warning. Repeat three times. Has priority over routine calls.
PAN-PAN
Urgent call. Help needed. Repeat three times. Has priority over safety calls.
MAYDAY
Distress call. Repeat three times, and again following each transmission. Has priority over all other calls. These terms can be combined such as "Roger Wilco" means "I understand and will comply", or " Out" means "I've finished talking and I'm signing off".
Making a Call Follow these easy steps: 1. First listen to ensure the channel is clear for you. 2. Press the PTT (Push-To-Talk) button. 3. After 2 seconds, say "recipient's call sign" twice, followed by "THIS IS" and "your call sign". 4. Once the person replies, convey your message.
Papa November One, Papa November One, this is Papa November Nine, come in, over. (PN1 is their call sign, PN9 is your call sign) Papa November Nine, This is Papa November One, go ahead, over. Say your message, followed by "over." Roger Wilco, over. This is Papa November Nine, out.