Seaw rds The Marine Option Program Newsletter
March 2013
MARITIME ARCHAEOLOGY SYMPOSIUM 2013 6 “ Our future is found in our past ” WHALE COUNT A POEM DEDICATED TO JACQUES COUSTEAU 2013 SYMPOSIUM COVERAGE
March
2013
Gabe Cohen, UHM MOP Student
The Maritime Archaeology Issue Page 3: Letter from the Editor Page 4: UHM MOP Fieldtrips Page 6: Maritime Archaeology Symposium 2013 Page 12: Ocean Organization Page 14: Generation Blue Page 16: Ocean Poetry Page 18: Critter of the Month Page 20: Now Accepting Entries! Page 22: 2013 Whale Count Page 24: Surf Records Broken
Cover Photo: This month’s cover photo is courtesy of UHM MOP student Mael Flament. More Photography can be found with the coverage of the Maritime Archaeology Symposium. Back Photo: Nikki Gutlay/UHM MOP
Seawords
Volume XXVII, Number 3, March 2013 Editor: Naomi Lugo Associate Editor: James Stone Assistant Editor: Kathryn Lam Dr. Cynthia Hunter (éminence grise) Seawords- Marine Option Program University of Hawai‘i, College of Natural Sciences 2450 Campus Road, Dean Hall 105A Honolulu, HI 96822-2219 Telephone: (808) 956-8433, Fax: (808) 956-2417 E-mail: <seawords@hawaii.edu> Website: <www.hawaii.edu/mop> Seawords is a monthly newsletter of the Marine Option Program at the University of Hawai‘i. Opinions expressed herein are not necessarily those of the Marine Option Program or of the University of Hawai‘i Suggestions and submissions are welcome. Submissions may include articles, photographs, art work, or anything that may be of interest to the marine community in Hawai‘i and around the world. All photos are taken by MOP unless otherwise credited.
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Mael Flament/UHM MOP
Letter from the editor
The editor participating in one of MOP’s many field events, the Day & Night Snorkel at Kaimanas, O‘ahu. Photo Credit: Christina Curto/UHM MOP
S
eawords has undergone many changes in the past year and few months alone. We would like to welcome aboard two new Seawords staffers: James Stone, our new associate editor, and Kathryn Lam as assistant editor. We would also like to wish former assistant editor Jessi Schultz the best of luck in her future endeavors, and thanks for her work with this publication. I am sincerely grateful for all of the positive feedback we’ve had with the online issue. It is great to hear that Seawords is reaching our readers. In the next two issues of the semester we have some inspiring content planned. In April we will feature a green issue that will cover some environmental issues around the islands. In May, Seawords will be showcasing student work with our first annual photography issue. Submissions are now being accepted and should be sent as high resolution files to seawords@hawaii.edu.
This month focuses on humpback whales and maritime history. On pages 6-7 you will find coverage of the first day of the recent Maritime Archaeology Symposium. Day Two will be in the April issue. Students also joined the Hawaiian Islands Humpback Whale National Marine Sanctuary for the February whale count on page 22. Thanks for your continued readership and support,
-Naomi N. Lugo, Seawords Editor
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MOP FIELDTRIPS Kathryn Lam, Assistant Editor Nikki Gutlay/UHM MOP
Photos by UHM MOP
DAY & NIGHT SNORKEL: On February 2nd, a group of about 20 MOPers went to the Kaimana beach behind the Waikīkī Aquarium for a day and night snorkel. It started at 4 pm. The daytime waters were relatively clear and the snorkelers saw many different types of limus and creatures including sea cucumbers and some Humuhumunukunukuapua‘a, or the Reef Trigger Fish. At night, not as may students went in as the air temperature declined and they did not have wet suits. The students who did go in, however, reported that the waters were slightly murky but that they did see many interesting things including an octopus and numerous marbled shrimps.
MOKULUAS KAYAKING TRIP: The Mokuluas, two islands off the Kailua coastline, can be seen from Lanikai Beach and are part of the Hawai‘i State Seabird Sanctuary. On January 26, ten MOPers kayaked out to the Mokuluas. The students engaged in various activities including hiking around the island, swimming, students also looked at organisms in tidepools, and even rode a few waves kayak surfing. “It was one of the most incredible experiences I have had since I moved to Hawai‘i,” said freshman Megan Russel, one of the MOP students who went on the trip.
Nikki Gutlay/UHM MOP
Christina Curto/UHM MOP
Mael Flament/UHM MOP
“Cultural landscapes can bridge the land sea barrier” -Dr. Hans Van Tilburg, Maritime Heritage Coordinator of the Office of National Marine Sanctuaries
M A R I T I M E ARCHAEOLOGY S Y M P O S I U M
2013
The 24th Annual Symposium on the Maritime Archaeology and History of Hawai‘i and the Pacific was held at the NOAA Sanctuary office, in Hawai‘i Kai on February 16-18, 2013. This year’s theme was ‘Evolving Cultural Landscapes in the Maritime World.” The event was put together thanks to the help of this year’s sponsors: the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Maritime Archaeology and History of the Hawaiian Islands Foundation (MAHHI), and the University of Hawai‘i Marine Option Program (MOP). The symposium consisted of 26 presentations from maritime scholars from around the world.
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r. Hans Van Tilburg opened the symposium by thanking his fellow organizers and attendees of the symposium. The first speaker was Kēhau Watson, president of Honua Consulting. She is fascinated with history from a cultural standpoint and discussed the importance of historic resources and how they help to boost traditional ways of life. Elders who hold the knowledge in the community can be hard to find; cultural and historic resources help to transmit knowledge to a community. “Our future is found in our past,” said Watson. These historical resources are a part of a living Slides presented by speaker Richard Gould of Brown University depicting images of Fort Jefferson and the shipwrecks found off the coast of the landmark. (above, environment. It is necessary to make people care for their cultural resources. bottom right)
After her speech, her husband sang a traditional Hawaiian song about the importance of protecting and caring for such resources. The moral? Ancestors are the true history makers. After Watson, Jason Jeremiah from the Kamehameha Schools Land Assets Division spoke on the importance of preserving land as a means of keeping with culture and tradition. “The land is what makes us Hawaiian,” he said, meaning that Hawaiians have a responsibility to the land and oceans, one that cannot be chosen to or not to do. The Kamehameha Schools have bought over 365,000 acres on five islands to provide a link for the Hawaiian people to their ancestral lands. The lands that are owned by the Kamehameha Schools are kept as sacred and are treated and cared for as such. Jeremiah ended with this question, “Is non-use, a use?” Speaking on the role that cultural institutions have in mediating human-environmental relationships, was Jack Kittinger from the Center for Ocean Solutions at Stanford University. Kittinger’s point was that studying cultural seascapes can provide a deeper understanding of the past and thereby helping in bettering the abilities of the current resource management systems. “We need to focus more on the institutions and less on the tools in the toolbox,” he said. Both local and governmental approaches need to be examined. Director of NOAA’s Maritime Heritage Program, Dr. James P. Delgado, discussed the importance of connecting people to the oceans as well as the Maritime Heritage Program’s newest projects and plans for the future. Delgado wants people to focus on the values that can be found in land and how they can provide clues to understand heritage. Recently the program has surveyed many shipwrecks off the east coast of the United States and has continued to survey the RMS Titanic. They have also been expanding public outreach including, “Project Shiphunt” at Thunder Bay National Marine Sanctuary in Michigan that is in partnership with Sony and Intel. “Project Shiphunt” helps connect inner city youth with archaeology and history. William Aila Jr., spoke as a fisherman and cultural practitioner instead of as Chairperson of the Department of Land and Natural Resources in the State of Hawai‘i. Culture, according to Aila, is all about being passed down from generation to generation. For him, fishing is a form of sustenance and also a way to get away from it all. It Seawords, March 2013 Page 8
serves to continue relationships as it is important to give and make others happy. “My father taught me to work smart, not hard,” said Aila. Fishing, said Aila, is not all about the fish. “Anyone can fish but not everyone can be a good fisherman.” Part of being a good fisherman, said Aila, is understanding how the ocean works. “When you enter the ocean, you now agree to be a part of the food chain.” Speaking on heritage resources and the recent developments in assessment and management of them was Hans Van Tilburg, the maritime heritage coordinator of the Office of National Marine Sanctuaries. Van Tilburg said that maritime heritage resources overlap cultural resources and that a multi-cultural approach is necessary. In order to best preserve the resources, it may be more beneficial to reinforce an already existing law than to create a new law that would also be disregarded. The Maritime Cultural Landscape approach is a view that different parts of the maritime landscape work together in the preservation of the entirety of the maritime environment. Associate Professor of Maritime Studies and Ocean Studies at Sea Education Association, John Jensen, spoke on the use of a cultural landscape approach (CLA), and both its advantages and disadvantages. The process of preserving property is hard to finish as it has requirements that many times are not met by shipwreck sites. For example, Rhode Island has a quite a few shipwrecks, yet only one is on the National Register. CLA would make clear all the different dimensions, layers, and ways to get a site onto the National Register. “A holistic approach,” said Jensen, “can lead people to make better choices.”
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fter the morning set of speakers, the afternoon session started out with a panel discussion on marine management and how people can better preserve our cultural connections to the sea and protect cultural and historical properties in the marine setting from potential negative impacts. The speakers reiterated the points that Aila mentioned that using historic preservation laws would be good for marine management but that those laws are only tools and other measures could work better. They also talked about how individuals and societies may have differences in values and that there is a need to listen to all perspectives. “Dominant voices carry louder,” said Delgado, and while that is disproportionate, the dominant should use their voices to help spread word about maritime preservation. From the Advisory Council at Grays Harbor Historical Seaport came Jim Mockford who talked about Japanese maritime history. Mockford commented on how many of the encounters Japanese sailors had with other ships occurred at a time when the Japanese were not allowed to leave their country and foreigners were not exactly welcomed either. The isolation period in Japan lasted until the arrival of Commodore Perry in 1853. Mockford examined the similarities between the San Juan Bautista replica that survived the Tohoku Earthquake and the 2011 tsunami and the ship that survived the first recorded tsunami in Japan in 1613. Susan Lebo, a Research Affiliate at Bishop Museum, talked about the impact that nineteenth century Hawaiian fishermanboth commercial and non-commercial, had on the marine life populations. Local newspapers reported that sharks, seals, whales, and sea cucumbers were targeted by fishing boats. Lebo pointed out that most often these creatures would not appear on menus, but were mainly being sold on local markets. Her findings conflict with widely held assumptions that big business and commercial companies were responsible for depleting Hawai‘i fisheries resources. Richard Gould, emeritus professor of Anthropology at Brown University, spoke next on three
Continued...
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shipwrecks off the coast of Fort Jefferson in the Dry Tortugas National Park in Florida. These shipwrecks helped to view the progress that was made from the 1847 to 1869 until the finishing of the fort as the ships held building materials for the fort. These materials assisted in dating the timeline as the bricks on the ship were stamped with the date and place of manufacturing. The studies that started in 1989 and lasted until 1995 lead to protection of the coral surrounding the area. Gould supplemented his speech with many slides depicting the fort, shipwrecks, and aspects of the survey. The next speaker, Elke Sundstrom, a researcher at University of Victoria, spoke about the importance of the Nuu-chah-nulth chief, Maquinna, during the fur trade in the 1780’s and 1790’s in the Pacific Northwest. Maquinna was an vital part of the fur trade in that he served as a middle man for the European traders and the other First Nations tribes. A skilled trader himself, the European traders respected him and he became quite wealthy. Maquinna was very astute and if he thought that he was getting cheated by the European traders he would slip some land otter pelts in with the sea otter pelts so that when the traders got to China, the Chinese would not pay them as much as sea otter pelts were far more valuable. The final speaker of the session was Captain Rick Rogers, a researcher in association with the Sandwich Island Shipwreck Museum. His presentation was about the potential meeting of Western and Hawaiian cultures before Cook’s arrival in 1778. Rogers noted some similarities between Hawaiian and European culture, and the differences between Hawaiian and Polynesian culture. During the Spanish Galleon Trade, Spanish maps cited several islands that were in the
same general area but changed locations and later disappeared from maps. Additionally, there are records of ships that were lost around those times as well as an incident of eight Europeans who came to Maui and never returned to their ships at around the same time period that island history suggests there were foreign rulers. In order to prove his theory, Rogers must first find the ships that were lost in the Pacific around those times. “They’ll find them,” said Rogers. “What goes down must come up.” After a reception, Dr. Delgado presented his key note speech on The Great Museum of the Sea. He spoke on how the oceans are living museums that carry humanity’s past through shipwrecks. Each shipwreck encloses details about past civilizations and their interactions with other civilizations even at a time when it would be thought that simply because of geographic location and barriers they would otherwise be unable to communicate well with each other. He talked about how working so closely with the shipwrecks helps one feel closer to the past and the people living in it. But not only do these shipwrecks help people connect with the past, they also serve as a reminder that people need to take care of the oceans. “We as human beings have had an impact. One of the most powerful things we saw…was modern garbage strewn all over the site. From paper boxes to plastic cups, a reminder that the ocean is more than a museum, we’ve turned it into our garbage dump… I’ve gone around the country and talked about the Titanic to people and they’ve been saying ‘why would people throw garbage on the Titanic?’ The question really is why throwing garbage in the ocean? We need to make some changes.”
Mael Flament/UHM MOP
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Symposium Day 2 coverage will continue in the April issue of Seawords. Mael Flament/UHM MOP
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Non-Profit Profile:
The Hawaiian Monk Seal Response Team O‘ahu Kathryn Lam, Assistant Editor This article is second in three installments focusing on local organizations. The purpose is to not only expose our readers to these great organizations, but to show that volunteering may be great resume booster and/or a chance to give back to the ocean. .
Report Entangled or Injured Seals: Call: 1-888-256-9840
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he Hawaiian Monk Seal Response Team O‘ahu, or HMSRTO, started in May of 2006 when a pup was born at Turtle Bay. The non-profit organization is affiliated with NOAA, and on its website states that their mission is “to protect and perpetuate the endangered Hawaiian monk seal species.” This includes training volunteers to help organizations of all sorts- federal, state, and nongovernmental, in responding to Hawaiian monk seal ‘haul outs’, pupping events and injuries.
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ccording to monksealfoundation. org, the Hawaiian monk seal is the most endangered marine mammal in the United States. The population of fewer than 1,100 individual seals is decreasing by four percent every year. Hawaiian monk seals are also listed on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species as critically endangered. It is because of these facts that people have started to take initiative to help save the Hawaiian monk seals. One way that people have started to help the species is by attempting to create a refuge for Hawaiian monk seals that are critically injured and unable to return to the wild. This refuge at Sea Life Park would provide a place for the seals to live out the rest of their days comfortably. This facility would also contribute to the educational program at Sea Life Park. HMSRTO asks that if people wish to help, the best ways are to either volunteer or donate money to the cause.
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Volunteers can do a number of things, including education, outreach, beach and animal response, and fundraising depending on their skill level to sign up for volunteering, one can simply go to the HMSRTO website at hmsrto.org, and click on the link that says “NEW VOLUNTEERS Click to SIGN UP on Survey Monkey”. This link is on the top of the home page. After signing up, participants must go through volunteer training. These sessions are listed on the webpage under the Volunteer Training link. Even if you do not have the time to volunteer on a regular basis, they can still help out the cause. The website lists a number and an email that people can contact if there is a seal sighting and submit photos..
OCEAN UPDATES Ben Halpern et al., N.C.E.A.S. 2012
Ocean Health Index Report All Seal Sightings: Call: 808-220-7802. Email sighting photos to: pifsc.monksealsighting@ noaa.gov
Ocean management collaborators have produced the first Ocean Health Index. It’s used as a tool for assessing the state of the world’s oceans. The index factors in the quality of regional marine ecosystems, biodiversity, tourism and
carbon storage, then assigns a 0-100 ratings for each location. “You can’t manage something like ocean health without actually having a tool to measure it,” said Ben Halpern, director of the Center for Marine Assessment and Planning at the University of California, Santa Barbara.
New Prehistoric Sea Monster Unearthed in Nevada Thalattoarchon saurophagis, a prehistoric sea monster was discovered in Nevada and was said to be at least 28 feet long and lived roughly 244 million years ago, during the Triassic period. Its name translates to “lizard-eating sovereign of the sea.” Considered
Illustration by Raul Martin/ National Geographic
an ichthyosaur, the beast was part of an early group of reptiles that roamed the world’s oceans during the dinosaur era.
Global Ocean Commission Launches
Photos: UHM MOP
London, February 12th, 2013, The Global Ocean Commission (GOC) was formed. The commission is an independent body of John Coney/UHH MOP global leaders, which aim to reverse degradation of the ocean and restore it to full health and productivity. The GOC is chaired by former Costa Rican President José Maria Figueres. The commission will publish its final recommendation in early 2014, just before the UN General Assembly begins discussing high seas biodiversity. “The World urgently needs to find better ways of managing the oceans, to stop abuse of its precious resources and ensure its protection for present and future generations,” said Figueres.
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GENERATION
BL UE
THE OCEAN SPANS OVER 70 PERCENT OF OUR WORLD. It is responsible for regulating temperature, food production, sustaining numerous marine species, and is a source for inspiration among multiple other things. The ocean gives us so much and it is time for us to return the favor and take actions to make the ocean ecosystem healthy again. Almost every action that we take affects the ocean in some way. Our everyday choices can be tailored to support a healthy ocean. Here are some examples of green acts that will keep the ocean blue.
Actions for the Ocean
Wash Your Reusable Bags. Remember that you are transporting groceries in your reusable bags. Often you may be transporting meat products and other things that can be dangerous if they leak into your bag. Keep safe and remember to clean your bags regularly.
Take an Ocean Read to the Beach. Find a good non-fiction book about the ocean and read it at the beach. This way you kill two birds with one stonespend time in the ocean, and learn about how you can protect it.
If you smoke... Get an old container like an altoid tin to put the butts in to avoid contaminating the water supply and the ocean!
If you have a suggestion for a green act, email us at seawords@hawaii.edu with subject line Generation Blue to submit your idea. Seawords, March 2013 Page 15
â&#x20AC;&#x153;Gazing in the sea Our passion, muse and m Sense of timeless homeâ&#x20AC;?
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mother
OCEAN POETRY
Compiled by Naomi N. Lugo, Editor Back in 2010 Marine Option Program student and UHM MOP employee Stephen Matadobra submitted the haiku on the left to be considered for the 100th anniversary of Jacques Coustea’s birthday in 2010. Matadobra won the contest, which was decided by popular vote on facebook, and recieved the honor of having his words dedicated to the ocean engraved on a memorial plaque that now rests at the bottom of the Aegean Sea. According to the blog cousteaudivers.org the spot where the plague lays is “A small cave, rarely visited on the dive site (which is full of caves and fissures), carved into the solidified lava of the volcano’s previous eruption.” author of the blog post and son of Jacques Coustea, Pierre-Yves Cousteau went on to describe the spot as the divers were deciding on it, “This cave is a bit dark and narrow, but its central room is sunlit, one hour a day, through an opening just beneath the surface. We look at each other and nod silently through our regulators. The next morning we return with the plaque.” Matadobra said about the contest and his idol, “Ever since I was a kid I have always lived by the ocean and Cousteau has been my idol. I remember spending countless hours flipping though the undersea world encyclopedias and the ocean world. It wasn’t until I was older could I appreciate what he did for the world; it was then I knew I wanted to be a marine biologist. Now, at University of Hawai‘i, there is not a day that goes by I am not immersed in the ocean; I am studying Marine Biology. When my friends heard I entered into a Cousteau Divers contest it spread like wild fire. I am known as Scuba Steve to most, and knowing that a haiku I created was dedicated in his name is a true honor. I hope one day to sail to Santorini, diving to see the plaque.”
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Critter of the Month Seawords features marine critters seen and photographed by MOP students. Send your critters to seawords@hawaii. edu to be featured and be sent an issue of Seawords in color and a MOP sticker. This monthâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s critter photo is by UHM MOP student Shea Davis.
Tiger Grouper Scientific name: Mycteroperca tigris Tiger groupers are found in the waters of the Caribbean, Bahamas, and Florida. This specimen was spotted and photographed in the Grand Caymen at a dive site called Sunset House. Tiger groupers habitats usually include coral reefs and walls and they can grow to around 3 1/2 feet long . The groupers can be found in depths from 10 to 60ft. The grouper pictured has its gills and mouth flared open to receive cleaning from other reef fish.
To submit photography, send an email with photographs attached to seawords@hawaii.edu
MAY 2013 PHOTOGRA ISSUE ATTENTION! – Fancy yourself an ocean photographer? Submit your sea-worthy photograph and who knows… You might just find it on the cover of Seawords. Email photos as hi-resolution attachments to seawords@hawaii.edu along with some info on your photograph. The winning photo will be featured on the cover of the May issue.
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APHY Photos courtesy of: Dieter Stelling UHM MOP Student (left), UHM MOP (above)
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Student Perspective Brijonnay Madrigal, UHM MOP Student
Ocean Count 2013
“K
oholā!” Humpback whale season is here! Each winter, humpback whales migrate from the cool Alaskan seas to the tropical Hawai‘i waters to breed, calve and nurse. From November through May, more than 10,000 whales can be seen off the shores of Hawai‘i. They congregate in waters sometimes less than 600 ft. deep. It is one of the most spectacular sights to see. Humpback whales have an incredible finesse in the water and are known for their acrobatic nature and beautiful vocalizations, called “songs”, which resonate throughout the ocean. The Hawaiian Islands Humpback Whale National Marine Sanctuary (HIHWNMS) is the only sanctuary designated to protect a single species. Through their protection, the humpback populations have recovered from previously depleted numbers in the early 20th century. The HIHWNMS holds an annual Sanctuary Ocean Count event to get the public involved, promote awareness about humpback whales and the Sanctuary.
The Sanctuary Ocean Count is held during the peak season, January through March, on the islands of Hawai‘i, O‘ahu and Kaua‘i. This year, the Sanctuary Ocean Count will be held on Saturday, February 23rd and Saturday, March 30th. On the 26th of January, the first Ocean Count of the season was conducted and it was a huge success! Approximately 800 volunteers from the different islands came out to participate. The public is encouraged to sign-up for the upcoming counts and be part of this incredible day with a prime seat at viewing the fifth largest great whale in the world… it can be life changing! Data has been recorded from each site and included in the shore based census of humpback whale populations. So grab a chair, binoculars, and some friends and join the thousands of volunteers to help count a much loved, significant mammal to the Pacific. For more information and to register, visit www.sanctuaryoceancount.org Seawords, March 2013 Page 22
Makapu‘u Whale Count UHM MOP Field Trip
UHM MOP
Students take a break from whale counting to express their feelings towards the cetaceans they worked hard to spot on the windy February morning.
n February 23rd 10 UHM MOP Students participated in the 2013 Whale count at the top of the Makapu‘u Lighthouse trail. Students surveyed the waters of the Hawaiian Islands Humpback Whale National Marine Sanctuary for tail slaps, blows and breaches among other behaviors in order to record the data. The next count will be held on March 30th. 287 whales total were spotted across the 57 sites statewide.
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Calendar of Events at UH Sea Grantâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Hanauma Bay Education Program Marine Science in East O`ahu ***Presentations take place in the theater of the Hanauma Bay Nature Preserve, beginning at 6:30 p.m. every Thursday evening***
March Events March 7, 2013 Variations in Songs of Humpback Whales Wintering in the Northwestern and Main Hawaiian Islands by Jessica Chen, MS Candidate, Biology Department, UHM/HIMB
March 14, 2013 Hawaiian Islands Dolphin Smart Program by Laura McCue, Contractor, NOAA-PIRO-Protected Resources & Hawai`i Dolphin Smart Program Coordinator
March 21, 2013 Marine Mammal Strandings in Hawai`i: What is the Process by Dr. Kristi West, Assistant Professor of Biology, Hawai`i Pacific University & David Schofield, Regional Marine Mammal Health and Response Program Manager, NOAA-PIROProtected Species
March 28, 2013 Acoustically Quantifying Ecological Effects of Underwater Detonations in Military Training Areas with Implications for Conservation by Lee H. Shannon, Biology Department, UHM/HIMB For more information or questions please contact: Hanauma Bay Education Program 100 Hanauma Bay Rd. Honolulu, HI 96825 Phone: (808) 397-5840 Email: hanauma@hawaii.edu http://hbep.seagrant.soest.hawaii.edu/
(On page 9 of the print issue of Seawords)
FLASHBACK: 1983 In 1983 this limu crossword was published. Test your knowlege by picking up a print issue of Seawords.
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RECORD BREAKER
Jessi Schultz, UHM MOP Student Tó Mané
“The waves break into cliffs 300ft. in height. You can’t contemplate coming off because it would kill you,” said professional surfer Garrett McNamara who broke the big wave surfing record in Nazare, Portugal on January 28th. The wave he caught was said to be 100ft right off the coast of Nazare. McNamara, originally from Massachusetts (now living in Hawaii), broke his own record which was a wave of 90ft in the same location. A friend and fellow surfer, Alastair Menni, accompanied McNamara in 2011 when he set his previous record. He was reported saying, “Everything was perfect, the weather, the waves. When Garrett was ready came a Seawords, March 2013 Page 24
canyon wave of over 90ft. It was amazing. Most people would be scared but Garrett was controlling everything in the critical part of the wave.” After his first record was set, McNamara received an invitation from the government of Portugal to Nazare to investigate the spot for big wave competitions. There is an underwater canyon that dips down 1000ft. and rises up to the cliffs. It stretches three miles wide but narrows closer to shore, acting like an ocean amplifier for waves coming through.
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Spring Break! 25th-29th
From 1986 Seawords From 1983 Seawords
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University of Hawai`i at Mﾄ］oa Seawords, Marine Option Program College of Natural Sciences 2450 Campus Road, Dean Hall 105A Honolulu, HI 96822-2219 Address Service Requested
Next Issue: Green Issue, Day 2 Coverage of the 2013 Maritime Archaeology Symposium, Generation Blue Compiled