Treasure and World Coin Auction # 6

Daniel Frank Sedwick, LLC

TREASURE AUCTION #6 Session I: Thursday, October 15, 2009, 11:00 am EDT Gold coins, shipwreck coins

Session II: Thursday, October 15, 2009, 4:30 pm EDT Silver coins and medals

Session III: Friday, October 16, 2009, noon EDT Shipwreck ingots, artifacts, documents, books Daniel Frank Sedwick, LLC P.O. Box 1964 Winter Park, FL 32790 U.S.A. (407) 975-3325 • Fax (407) 975-3327 www.SedwickCoins.com

Auction and catalog production by:

Dan Sedwick, Augi García, and Cori Sedwick Downing Daniel Frank Sedwick, licensed Florida auctioneer #AU3635, AB2592

© Copyright Daniel Frank Sedwick, LLC, 2009. All rights reserved.

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Each lot will be sold to the highest bidder unless the reserve or starting price is not met. Bids may be submitted in person or by mail, phone, fax, email, or live on the Internet until each lot is closed during the live session. We cannot be responsible for errors in bidding or the loss or delay of any bids that do not reach us by the closing date and time. All bids are in U.S. dollars.

Winning bids will be reduced automatically to the next increment above the second-highest bid. In the case of tie bids, the earliest bidder will win the lot. Bidders are advised to provide allowable percentage increases to avoid losing lots due to a tie.

A winning bid is considered a formal contract between the buyer and the consignor. The winning bidder, by submitting his bid, agrees to purchase the lot(s) he has won and further agrees to pay the Buyer’s Premium and any shipping, sales tax, customs duties, or other surcharges involved in delivering the lot(s) to the buyer. Winning bidders will be notified as soon as possible after the sale with an invoice reflecting the total amount due and shall remit payment within two weeks of notification. If payment has not been received after two weeks, we reserve the right to re-open the lot(s) to second- and third- (etc.) highest bidders. Title to each lot does not pass until the item has been paid in full. Any late payments (one month past invoice date) will be assessed an accrued interest charge of 1½% per month.

Unless other arrangements are made, all lots will be sent to winning bidders via U.S. Mail when the invoice has been paid in full. All domestic shipments will carry full insurance, but foreign shipments are made at the buyer’s risk (insurance available in some cases).

A Buyer’s Premium of 18% will be added to the winning bid for the total purchase price before any applicable tax or surcharges. Winning bidders who pay by cash, check, money order, wire transfer or direct deposit are eligible for a reduction of the Buyer’s Premium by 3% (net 15%).

Acceptable forms of payment are cash, check, money order, wire transfer, direct deposit, PayPal, Visa/MC, American Express and Discover. All payments by check or money order should be made payable to Daniel Frank Sedwick, LLC. Payments by PayPal should be made to auction@sedwickcoins.com. All payments shall be in U.S. dollars drawn on a U.S. bank.

New bidders who do not have established credit with us must supply references and/or a 25% deposit. Credit cards are acceptable in lieu of a deposit. If your bids are unsuccessful, your deposit will be refunded, but if you are a winning bidder, your deposit will be applied to your purchase unless other arrangements are made. Any bidders with an overdue balance with Daniel Frank Sedwick or Daniel Frank Sedwick, LLC must complete payment of their previous balance before their bids will be accepted.

You may opt for “either/or” and/or “total budget” bids on your bid sheet. “Either/or” bids are used when you want just one (or whatever number you specify) of two or more lots but it does not matter which of those lots you get. “Total budget” bids are used when you are bidding on more lots than you expect to win and do not wish to spend more than a specified amount. Both options are subject to a minimum of $5,000 total in bids and “either/or” bids are additionally subject to a minimum of $100 per lot (below that, bidders should bid live on the Internet instead).These options are not available for live Internet bidders.

Most lots are unreserved, but some lots do have a reserve or minimum bid assigned by the consignor. Any reserve will be at or below the stated low estimate and starting price. All estimates are given in U.S. dollars.

As an active dealer, Daniel Frank Sedwick, LLC is able to estimate a reasonably low wholesale level for each lot and reserves the right to reject any bids below this level. Furthermore we reserve the right to reject any bids that we have reason to believe are not submitted in good faith.

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All items are guaranteed genuine and as described. Returns will NOT be accepted UNLESS there was an error in the listing. Note that grading and estimation of corrosion are subjective and differences of opinion cannot be considered errors.

Disputes as to authenticity shall be resolved by submission to NGC or PCGS. Any returns must be agreed upon BEFORE return shipment to us, and any applicable refunds will be made immediately upon receipt of the returned item(s). All returns must be submitted to us in unaltered condition no later than one month after the sale. Any refunds for returns paid for by credit card will be subject to a 3% return fee.

Lots may be inspected at our private office in Winter Park by appointment only during our office hours of Monday through Friday, 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. High-quality photos of all items are viewable on our website 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.

For any won lots that are sent to a Florida address, Florida sales tax (6% to 7.5%, depending on your county) will be added to all purchases of items that are NOT coins or bullion. Coins and bullion are also taxed if the total coin and/or bullion purchase is less than $500.

The winning bidder pays for all costs of shipping or delivery of his lots. In some cases special delivery must be arranged between the consignor and the winning bidder. There are no surcharges for packing or handling in this sale.

This auction is conducted in accordance with the auction laws of the State of Florida. The licensed auctioneer is Daniel Frank Sedwick, AU#3635, AB#2592.

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ORDER OF SALE Section Lots Pages Consignors’ biographies .................................................................................................. 8-9 Shipwreck histories .......................................................................................................... 10-20 SESSION I: Thursday, October 15, 11:00 am EDT Gold cobs by mint .................................................................................... 1-73 ................21-30 World gold coins by country .................................................................... 74-147 ............31-41 Shipwreck silver coins (chronologically by wreck) ................................. 148-683 ..........41-143 SESSION II: Thursday, October 15, 4:30 pm EDT Silver cobs of Mexico ............................................................................... 684-764 ..........145-155 Silver cobs of Lima, Peru ......................................................................... 765-876 ..........156-167 Silver cob of La Plata, Bolivia .................................................................. 877 .................168 Silver cobs of Potosí, Bolivia ................................................................... 878-1160 .........169-201 Other silver cobs by country .................................................................... 1161-1207 .......202-208 World silver coins by country ................................................................... 1208-1608 .......209-256 Medals by country .................................................................................... 1609-1615 .......257-258 SESSION III: Friday, October 16, noon EDT Shipwreck ingots and other bullion ......................................................... 1616-1650 .......259-270 Artifacts from shipwrecks ........................................................................ 1651-1810 .......270-298 Non-shipwreck artifacts: Pre-Columbian ......................................................................................... 1811-1813 ........298 Circa-1590 Spanish colonial site in the southern Caribbean ................... 1814-1848 .......298-302 Mid-1600s Spanish colonial site in the southern Caribbean ................... 1849-1853 .......302 Port Royal, Jamaica .................................................................................. 1854-1857 .......302-303 Religious ................................................................................................... 1858-1860 .......303 Arms/armor/militaria ............................................................................. 1861-1883 .......303-307 Viking ....................................................................................................... 1884-1887 .......307-308 Natural history ......................................................................................... 1888-1891 .......308 Miscellaneous ........................................................................................... 1892-1922 .......308-311 Vintage diving equipment........................................................................ 1923-1933 .......312-314 Media: Engravings ............................................................................................... 1934-1941 .......314-315 Manuscripts .............................................................................................. 1942-1949 .......315-316 Maps ......................................................................................................... 1950-1957 .......316-318 Miscellaneous documents........................................................................ 1958-1967 .......318-320 Paintings ................................................................................................... 1968-1970 .......320-321 Photos ....................................................................................................... 1971-1972 .......321 Prints ........................................................................................................ 1973-1981 .......322-323 Games ....................................................................................................... 1982-1983 .......323 Books ........................................................................................................ 1984-2025 ......323-326 Auction catalogs (featuring the Tom Sebring Treasure Library) ............ 2026-2082 ......326-330 4

A note about the order: As the world’s leading purveyors of New World cobs and shipwreck coins, we have always separated and highlighted our cob and shipwreck offerings from the rest of what we sell. We have preserved that arrangement in our auctions as well, with cobs presented in order of establishment of each mint (the rare and unusual mints at the end) and the shipwreck coins, ingots and artifacts presented in chronological order by wreck.

REFERENCES CITED Where possible, in the description for each lot we supply one or more numbers in reference to acknowledged publications in the field.

References used in this catalog include the following: CT = Calicó’s Numismática española (2008), formerly by Calicó and Trigo (nine previous editions).

KM = Krause-Mishler’s Standard Catalog of World Coins, various editions, including Spain, Portugal and the New World.

R = Restrepo’s Monedas de Colombia, 1619-2006, second edition (2006).

S = Sedwick’s The Practical Book of Cobs, fourth edition (2007).

Sp = Spink’s (formerly Seaby’s) Coins of England and the United Kingdom, forty-first edition (2006).

Other references mentioned include: Gilboy’s The Columnarios of Central and South America (1999); Grove’s Medals of Mexico, Volumes 1 and 2 (1970, 1972); Lázaro’s Los Redondos de Lima, Mejico y Potosí y otras acuñaciones especiales (1996); Proctor’s The Forgotten Mint of Colonial Panama (2005); and Sellschopp’s Las acuñaciones de las cecas de Lima, La plata y Potosí (1971).

COIN GRADING and DESCRIPTIVE TERMS From best to worst, UNC is Uncirculated, AU is Almost Uncirculated, XF is Extra Fine, VF is Very Fine, F is Fine, VG is Very Good, and G is Good, with Fair and Poor below that. (“About” or “A” means the coin is just shy of the indicated grade. “Mint State” refers to lustrous, choice UNC coins.) We do not always assign numismatic grades to sea-salvage and land-burial coins, which were usually Uncirculated (or close to it) before the effects of corrosion and/or cleaning. Corrosion is usually assessed, from least to most, as follows: none, minimal, light, moderate, and heavy. Also note that we sometimes use the abbreviations E for escudos and R for reales in the listings for Spanish and Spanish colonial items.

BOOK GRADING and TERMS We use several standard terms in our book descriptions, as follows: HB or HC = Hardbound (hard cover) SC = Soft cover DJ = Dust jacket ed = Edition pp = Pages ex-lib = Ex-library (with stampings and/or card-holders pasted in) Our book grading is very similar to the coin grades above, with top condition indicated as “mint” or “new,” then “Very Fine” (VF) for not new but unread (or very slightly read) condition, then “Fine” (F) for slightly used, “Very Good” (VG) for moderately used, and “Good” (G) for well-used condition. Any significant damage is separately noted, as opposed to including it in the grade.

A NOTE ABOUT PHOTOS Coin photos in this catalog are generally shown at actual size, with the exception of large lots, which are often reduced, as are most medals, paper money, artifacts and media. Photos of coins in the most recent NGC capsules have four white intrusions into the rims of the coins due to a special design meant to enable viewing of the edges of those coins.

We encourage bidders to examine lots in person at our premises in Winter Park, Florida, up until the day before the first session (by appointment only, 9 am-5 pm weekdays).

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TREASURE AUCTION #6 Sessions I-II-III, Thursday-Friday, October 15-16, 2009

These days it is fashionable to present huge sales with important-sounding and mysterious names, like Caballero or Millennium, usually linked to the offering of one specific and private collection. Our Treasure Auctions are still maturing and rapidly growing, and until now we have not had a chance to bless any of our sales with a fancy nickname, especially since they are always a blend of many different collections. This time, however, the consignments are so impressive that we feel the auction deserves an appropriate nickname.

The first name that comes to mind for this auction would be “The Dealer’s Sale,” as there are many group lots and almost everything opens at very reasonable levels (NOT artificially low “starting bids” below hidden reserves) and are just the kind of thing treasure dealers want and need, like gold cobs and Atocha Grade-1 8 reales. It is a dealer’s sale in another sense too: Featured on these pages are the collections and de-accessions of some of the world’s bestknown treasure dealers, like Louis Hudson (with a collection of Potosí countermarks 1649-52) and the late Mark Bir (with all Spanish colonial but particularly pillars-and-waves cob 1 and 2 reales by date). This sale also features parts of collections amassed by Herman Blanton (Colombian Republic silver) and Tom Sebring (treasure books and catalogs).

Another good name for this auction would be “The Million-Dollar Sale,” since, for the first time, we are auctioning well over a million dollars’ worth of lots based on the low estimates, not inflated numbers, and all of it viable material. In fact the total high estimate exceeds $2 million! Largely this is due to the fact that we have over 70 gold cobs, mostly from the 1715 Fleet, and a wealth of gold and silver bars from many different shipwrecks, particularly 6 “tumbaga” silver bars from the “Tumbaga wreck” (ca. 1528), 2 gold “finger” bars and 4 huge silver bars from the Atocha (1622) and one highly desirable small-size Justh & Hunter California Gold Rush ingot from the SS Central America (1857). Also included are selections from the Atocha Research Collection of silver coins and a newly formed “Coconut wreck” Research Collection, all starting at levels that any dealer would pay.

A third possible nickname for this auction would be “The Trophy Sale,” because it boasts several unique and choice items: a unique Mexican cob 8 escudos (possible) Royal 1709; an extremely rare Lima cob 8 escudos 1702; a Mexican bust 8 escudos 1733 PCGS AU-58; a Paraguayan cut 4 pesos fuertes, one of only two known; a Cartagena cob 8 reales 1621, first date of issue and one of three known; a La Plata cob 1 real, the first ever offered at auction; a unique Potosí cob 2 reales specially struck on a zoomorphic planchet in the form of a doubleheaded condor; the finest-known Panama cob 4 reales; a very high-quality emerald cross from the 1715 Fleet… and many more. Latin American collectors will notice we are offering more and more of the “trophies” of the postcolonial field as well, an area that has been somewhat neglected by auction houses for at least three decades.

Alas, we prefer to call this auction simply Treasure Auction #6, our sixth great sale in three short years, and just one of many to come. Our consignors for each auction now number in the hundreds. These days we are traveling all over the country to get whole collections and large consignments, while people worldwide are sending us treasure to 6

sell in our auctions. They know, as do our bidders, that we research and present each item diligently and put our longstanding reputation behind every lot. This is not an “as is” estate sale or no-name Internet auction; this is simply the world’s best available treasure from the world’s most highly regarded divers, dealers and collectors.

One final note about sessions, bidding and buyer’s fees: After our first live Internet auction last time, we listened to all your requests and have made a couple significant improvements for Treasure Auction #6. First, we have split the auction into three sessions over two days to provide breaks and avoid your having to monitor the auction all day long to bid live on the lot you want (a problem that can also be avoided by placing your hidden bid in advance). And second, we have contracted with iCollector now to handle all our live bids online, so there is no need to bid by other means to avoid a higher fee, which we are holding steady at 18% (discounted to 15% for payments by cash, check or wire). If you have not registered to bid on iCollector yet, please do so NOW at www.iCollector.com/sedwick in order to establish your bidding credit in time. Of course, as always, we welcome bids by email, mail, fax and phone (remember to schedule phone bids ahead of time, as we call you when your lot comes up), but please consider the convenience of sitting at home on your computer and bidding LIVE online at NO extra cost.

Best of luck to everyone!

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CONSIGNORS’ BIOGRAPHIES Mark Bir (1961-2009)

Conspicuously absent from the Chicago International Coin Fair this year was world-coins dealer Mark Bir. Unbeknownst to his colleagues, Mark had suffered a heart attack just prior to the show, not long after completing a favorable “pre-show” coin deal. Sad as we all are to lose a colleague, let alone one who was so honest and likeable, at least we know Mark died doing what he loved.

Born in Indiana, Mark reportedly swallowed a penny when he was very young and launched a lifelong attachment to numismatics. While he was still young, Mark’s family moved to Tucson, Arizona, where he began attending the local annual coin show there from age seven. At age 14 Mark earned a scholarship for a free coin-grading class through the ANA in Colorado Springs. Shortly after graduation from high school, Mark set up his first dealer’s table and began his professional career in numismatics. Soon he became an acknowledged expert in the challenging field of Mexican cobs and other Spanish colonial coins, as well as anything odd and curious, particularly primitive African money. He was also a skilled visual artist and vocalist in his parish choir.

As a full-time coin dealer, Mark had a unique advantage in putting together his own type collection of Spanish colonial coins, which he later focused into cob 1 and 2 reales by date. Quietly and modestly, Mark assembled one of the best and largest silver cob collections we have ever seen, which we had no choice but to split into two auctions, starting with this one. Almost all his coins, whose pedigree is clearly indicated in our listings, reflect Mark’s keen eye for detail.

Mark’s greatest asset, however, was his big heart. Mark was always there to lend a hand to those in need, ranging from donations to odd jobs, expert advice or just a compassionate ear. Most of Mark’s charity work was through the Catholic Church, specifically the Society of St. Vincent de Paul in Tucson. Back in numismatics, Mark’s reserved but cheerful spirit earned him the title of Sir Mark of the Joyful Countenance in fellow dealer Allen Berman’s light-hearted fantasy Kingdom of Bermania. We used to kid around that he was the only coin dealer in the world whose first and last names were both coin denominations (as in German marks and Ethiopian birrs). It was impossible not to be his friend.

The motto on the back of Mark’s business cards says it all: “Make love your greatest treasure and you will lack nothing.”

In that sense and in many other ways too, Mark died a very rich man indeed.

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Louis Hudson We are honored to offer in this sale the Louis Hudson collection of PotosĂ­ countermarked coins of 1649-52. As an active and savvy dealer, Louis had the opportunity to acquire and save some of the most important and underrated rarities in this fascinating area, particularly from 1990s offerings from the wrecks of the Capitana (1654) and the Maravillas (1656). As a friend and respected colleague, Louis is well known for his vast numismatic knowledge developed over many decades.

What you probably did not know about Louis is that he started out as a farmer.

Growing up on a tobacco farm in Virginia near the remains of a Revolutionary War supply depot, from a young age Louis was attracted to early colonial coins uncovered by his plow. In 1967 Louis moved to Argentina after responding to a Philip Morris ad to teach tobacco farming in that country. While there, Louis became fluent in Spanish and began visiting local silversmiths to buy coins that he brought back to the U.S. every summer to sell to collectors, an avocation that led to full-time dealing when the Philip Morris project ended after a few years.

Carving out a niche in Latin American coins and banknotes, Louis has been a fixture at coin shows and important auctions around the country. His knowledge and influence are evident in countless publications and numismatic collections, perhaps the most important of which was that of the Central Bank of the Dominican Republic, which he single-handedly appraised in 2002. Today Louis is assisted in the numismatic business by his daughter, Stephanie.

On a personal note, we would like to point out that Louis sold Dan Sedwick his first coin in 1979, the beginning of a collection and profession that continue to grow with the same zeal and fascination instilled by Louis thirty years ago.

Herman Blanton In this auction we present Part I of the Colombian Republic silver collection of Herman Blanton. An active collector and researcher in the field since 1983, and longtime contributor and current editor of the NI Bulletin magazine of Numismatics International, Herman has narrowed his focus to the even more challenging area of Colombian cobs (he maintains the educational site www.macuquina.com) and has decided to liquidate his Republic collection for others to enjoy. He recently donated the 20th-century portion of his collection to the KHM museum in Vienna, which houses the Habsburg family collections, in order that those coins may be preserved and made available for future generations to study.

Tom Sebring This auction marks the final segment (Part III, Treasure Auction Catalogs) of the Tom Sebring Treasure Library. Since 1968 Tom has been an avid collector of shipwreck coins and artifacts and assembled a comprehensive collection of coins from over eighty different wrecks around the world (sold at auction in 2004). With similar enthusiasm he has also sought out relevant books and auction catalogs, many of which are scarcer than the coins! Using the research from these books and catalogs, Tom has written over seventy articles for various numismatic publications, and in 1987 he authored one of the most highly regarded books in the field of shipwreck collecting: Treasure Tales—Shipwrecks and Salvage. While still collecting and writing, Tom has placed his library up for sale with us in the hope that other collectors will enjoy the books and catalogs as much as he has.

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SHIPWRECK (AND HOARD) HISTORIES Throughout this catalog we offer coins, ingots and artifacts from several dozens of different shipwrecks and hoards—”treasure” in the truest sense. So as not to break up the flow of the catalog in the listings, we offer the history behind each wreck here in chronological order. Some lots in the catalog do not have histories here either because we have no further information or what we do know is brief enough to include with the lots. Please feel free to contact us for more information about any of these wrecks or about shipwrecks or treasure in general.

“Tumbaga wreck,” sunk ca. 1528 off Grand Bahama Island Before there were coins and Spanish Treasure Fleets, Hernán Cortés and his men acquired treasure in the form of Native-American gold and silver artifacts that were melted down in Mexico for easier transportation. The variable-fineness ingots thus created were known to archeologists but were not thought to exist until the discovery of a wreck full of them off Grand Bahama Island in 1992. After the salvage of what ultimately was determined to be a ca.-1528 wreck, the ingots came to be known as “tumbaga” bars and were subsequently distributed to the collecting community by Frank and Daniel Sedwick. Like most official Spanish colonial bullion, each bar was marked with the fineness (the gold in parts per 24, the silver in parts per 2400) and assayer, and especially with tax stamps to show that the king got his cut. On these particular bars the tax stamps show a legend that reads CAROLVS QVINTVS IMPERATOR for Charles V of the Holy Roman Empire (who was also Charles I of Spain, son of Queen Joanna).

Each bar is described in detail in the 1993 book Tumbaga Silver for Emperor Charles V of the Holy Roman Empire, by Douglas Armstrong, a professional conservator hired by the salvage company to clean and preserve all the silver “tumbaga” bars. A new publication in the works by Agustín García-Barneche entitled The Tumbaga Saga should soon shed more light on the history and manufacture of these ingots.

“Golden Fleece wreck,” sunk ca. 1550 in the northern Caribbean

Perhaps more impressive than the coins from this wreck are the few dozen gold and silver ingots it has yielded, all of which have entered the market exclusively through Daniel Frank Sedwick. The varying purities of these bars are reminiscent of the “tumbaga” bars (see above), although the later gold ingots were been cast in somewhat standard shapes (“fingers”) and sizes. The silver ingots from this wreck, popularly known as “splashes,” were simply poured onto the ground, leaving a round, flat mound of silver that was subsequently stamped with a tax stamp in the form of a crowned C for King Charles I and/or a fineness in the usual block Roman numerals in parts per 2400, much like the karat system we use today. The gold ingots also show a fineness marking, but no tax stamps or other markings, in parts per 24, with a dot being a quarter karat.

Many of the silver and gold ingots from this wreck were cut into two or more parts, presumably to divide into separate accounts.

This wreck was nicknamed for a royal stamping (“Golden Fleece”) on several of the gold “finger” bars (ingots) it yielded.

Practically all the coins from this wreck were Mexican Carlos-Juana silver coins (all assayers prior to S), including several rarities, the most important being three specimens of the Rincón “Early Series” 8 reales of 1538, the very first 8 reales ever struck in the New World (the best of which achieved a record in 2006 for the highest amount ever paid at auction for a Spanish colonial coin: $373,750!). To date the finders of the wreck have not identified the wreck or disclosed its exact location, but they affirm it was in international waters in the northern Caribbean. Though it was a relatively small find of a few thousand coins at most, it has been the primary source for Mexican Carlos-Juana coins on the market since the mid-1990s.

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target. In 1585 the city was attacked by Sir Francis Drake, who returned in 1586 and sank half a dozen ships in her harbor. These wrecks, none of them traceable to any one specific ship, were visited by Arqueonautas in 1998 and yielded up many small artifacts like manilas (slave bracelets), crucifixes and pottery shards.

Unidentified ca.-1554 wreck in the northern Caribbean In 1554 the Spanish fleet coming from Mexico, consisting of four caravels, the San Andrés, the Santa María de Yciar, the San Estéban, and the Espíritu Santo, hit a violent storm and foundered off of what is now Padre Island, Texas, where it is known that all but the first mentioned sank. The one ship that escaped, the San Andrés, did make it to Havana, but just barely, and its treasure had to be offloaded onto other vessels for the journey through the Bahama Channel and up the Straits of Florida and back to Spain. Archival records in Spain indicate that not all of the treasure from the San Andrés made it there, however. In addition to a documented loss off Portugal, there is some evidence that these ships were hit by another storm and lost somewhere in the northern Caribbean, at least one of them hitting the east coast of Florida and being salvaged by the Ais Indians. A few coins found on the east coast of Florida in recent decades, particularly in the vicinity of Cape Canaveral, seem to confirm this. Archival records also indicate that some of the treasure from the San Andrés was brought to and left at Puerto Rico to be retrieved later in the 1550s.

The material we are seeing on the market today (coins, ingots and some artifacts like plates with markings) is identical to what was found off Texas, so it MUST have come from the same 1554 shipment originally, and is therefore most likely the part that was offloaded from the San Andrés in Havana. Because the salvagers say the source is somewhere off the Dominican Republic, it may have more to do with the part that was left in Puerto Rico than with the losses in the Bahama Channel.

Santiago, sunk in 1585 on the Bassas da India atoll between Mozambique and Madagascar (east of Africa) This relatively obscure wreck sank on a reef at night due to pilot error, following which the captain and crew absconded with the one useable lifeboat, leaving some 400 or more passengers to perish on the wreck. The Santiago was found again and salvaged in the late 1970s by Ernest Erich Klaar and eventually yielded thousands of silver cobs (marketed in the 1980s) of both Spain and Spanish America (particularly the mints of Seville and Mexico). This shipwreck is also numismatically notable as one of only two wrecks (along with the Atocha of 1622) to have produced the extremely rare cobs of the Panama mint.

Unidentified (presumably Spanish) wreck sunk ca. 1590 off the Yucatán peninsula of Mexico Salvaged surreptitiously by Florida divers, this wreck yielded Philip II cobs of Mexico, Lima and Potosi, some in remarkably good condition. Many of this wreck’s coins are recognizable by their jagged, truncated edges (from corrosion) with pristine interior details. Without consideration of that characteristic pattern of corrosion, the coins from this wreck can pass for Atocha (1622) coins, which is how many of them were successfully sold with fraudulent Atocha certificates in the 1990s.

“Rill Cove wreck,” sunk ca. 1618 off Cornwall, England The name and nationality of the ship are unknown and even the date of sinking is not certain. All we know is that records of its local salvage began in 1618. After rediscovery of the wreck by Ken Simpson and Mike Hall in 1975, eventually some 3,000 coins were recovered and sold, all silver cobs, mostly Mexican, but also from Potosí and Spain. Most of the coins are thin from corrosion but with dark toning on fields to enhance details. Because it is rather early, this wreck has yielded several important rarities like the F-oD dual-assayer issue from Mexico.

Espadarte, sunk in 1558 off the Island of Mozambique, east of Africa Discovered in 2001 by Arqueonautas and code-named IDM002, the Espadarte was a Portuguese nau that sank in May or June of 1558 after breaking her mast and being stranded in about 9 meters of water off Mozambique Island. She was on a return trip to Portugal from India and was carrying gold and porcelains, most of which was salvaged soon after sinking but at least some of which remained on the sea-bed until our time.

“Wild Horse River wreck,” sunk ca. 1620 in the Río de la Plata off Colonia, Uruguay Somewhere in the River Plate opposite Buenos Aires is a remote beach where beautiful wild horses run free next to untold treasures just past the river bank. Quietly, local fisherman and salvagers over the years have brought up some of these treasures, which appear to be from a Spanish ship that sank without a trace.

All evidence indicates that this “Wild Horse River Wreck” is from an early period of unofficial commerce in the River Plate (no earlier than about 1605, but possibly as late as 1620). So far it has yielded only a few silver coins, gemstone rings and mostly small iron artifacts, all in incredibly well-preserved condition due to lack of salinity and the muddy composition of the riverbed. But metal detector readings indicate massive metallic deposits at the bottom of crevices in the mud, just out of reach for now. What will be found? Slave shackles? Chests of gold and silver? Only time will tell.

“Cidade Velha shipwrecks,” sunk in the late 1500s off the Cape Verde Islands, west of Africa Cidade Velha was one of the first cities established by Europeans in the Cape Verde Islands. Strategically located in the crossroads of the Atlantic, prosperous Cidade Velha became both a rest stop and a

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roughly half its treasure. The other half was found by Mel Fisher and company in 1980. Margarita’s treasures were similar to those found on the Atocha, with fewer coins in comparatively worse condition overall (yet not as harshly cleaned afterward). As with Atocha coins, original Fisher certificates are critical to the premium value for these coins, which is on par with Atocha coins. In 2008 divers with the subcontractor company Blue Water Recovery found more gold on the Santa Margarita and also a lead box stuffed full of pearls.

“Dry Tortugas wreck,” sunk ca. 1622 off the Dry Tortugas, west of Key West, Florida Presumably a sister-ship to the Atocha and Santa Margarita of the 1622 Fleet (above), the “Dry Tortugas wreck” was discovered in 1989 and reworked in 1991 by Seahawk Deep Ocean Technology.

Among the finds were numerous gold bars (but no silver bars) and about 1,200 heavily eroded silver cobs similar in composition to the Atocha finds, all picked from the ocean floor by a robot. Cannons and other artifacts expected on a typical galleon were notably absent. The bulk of the treasure was eventually sold to a store/museum in Key West that later went bankrupt. Years later it all turned up at a bankruptcy auction, where the bulk of the treasure was repurchased by some of the former principals of Seahawk for a new museum.

Atocha, sunk in 1622 west of Key West, Florida Arguably the most famous of all Spanish galleons salvaged in our time, the Atocha was the almiranta of the 1622 Fleet, which left Havana several weeks late and ran afoul of a hurricane. Eight of the 28-ship fleet were lost, wrecked on the reefs between the Dry Tortugas and the Florida Keys or sunk in deeper water. Five people survived the sinking of the Atocha and were rescued by another vessel, but the wreck itself was scattered after another hurricane hit the site exactly one month later. The Spanish were never able to salvage what was one of the richest galleons ever to sail.

The cargo of the Atocha did not see light again until 1971, when the first coins were found by the now-famous salvager Mel Fisher and his divers, who recovered the bulk of the treasure in 1985 and thereby unleashed the largest supply of silver cobs and ingots the market has ever seen. Well over 100,000 shield-type cobs were found in all denominations above the half real, the great majority of them from Potosí, as were also the approximately 1,000 silver ingots (most the size of bread loaves). A handful of gold 1- and 2-escudos cobs were also recovered, mostly from mainland Spanish mints, but also a few from Colombia, officially the first gold coins ever struck in the New World. The Atocha was also the source for most or all of the first silver cobs struck in Colombia, as well as a few early coins from Mexico, Lima, Spain and even Panama. Even more significant were the many gold ingots, jewelry items, emeralds and other artifacts.

Because of Mel Fisher’s huge publicity and because much of the treasure was distributed to investors at high ratios compared to their investment amounts, the coins from the Atocha have always sold for much more—anywhere from 2 times to 10 times—than their non-salvage counterparts, even in the numismatic market. (The “glamour market” in tourist areas elevates these coins to as much as twenty times their base numismatic value!) Individually numbered certificates with photos of each coin are critical to the retention of an Atocha coin’s enhanced value. Accompanying barcode tags with the coins also make it possible to replace lost certificates through a database system at the Fisher operation in Key West. With some exceptions each certificate also specifies the coin’s Grade, from 1 (highest) to 4 (lowest), a highly subjective evaluation of corrosive damage and overall quality. Most Atocha silver coins are also recognizable by their shiny brightness, the result of a somewhat controversial cleaning and polishing process catering more to noncollectors than to serious numismatists.

Campen, sunk in 1627 off the Isle of Wight, England The East Indiaman Campen was part of a seven-ship fleet that encountered a heavy storm off the Isle of Wight in October of 1627. Seeking safety in the Solent north of the island, four of the ships attempted to navigate through the Needles rocks at the island’s westernmost tip and two of them—the Campen and the Vliegende Draecke (“Flying Dragon”)—sank nearby. Soon after, all of the latter ship’s cargo was saved, but only a couple thousand silver coins were recovered from the Campen, leaving about 8,000 coins to be found in our time. Most of these silver coins, recovered by divers beginning in June of 1979, were Dutch “lion” daalders, but they also included a few cobs, which are very rarely seen on the market today.

“Lucayan Beach wreck,” sunk ca. 1628 off Grand Bahama Island Since the accidental discovery in 1964 of around 10,000 silver cobs dating up to and including 1628 in 10 feet of water just 1,300 yards from the Lucayan Beach Hotel, the mystery of identifying the lost vessel has never been solved. Because of the date, popular opinion associates the wreck with the taking of the Spanish 1628 Fleet in Matanzas Bay, Cuba, by the Dutch pirate and national hero Piet Heyn, who reported losing two of the vessels on the way back to Europe. Three names proposed for the ship(s) by various sellers over the years were the Van Lynden, the Santa Gertrude (or Gertrudis) and the Romario, with scant evidence to support any of the attributions.

Spanish archival research suggested a new name, Nuestra Señora de los Remedios, which sank in that general area in 1624. Since dates on the recovered coins extend past 1624, this attribution must be incorrect.

A more recent recovery in the 1990s off Lucayan Beach turned up similar material, but no further clues as to the ship’s (or ships’) identity.

Practically all of the coins have been Mexican 8 and 4 reales of the assayer-D period, some in quite nice condition and a few with clear dates, which are rare. Expect to pay a modest premium for specimens in white clamshell boxes produced by Spink & Son (London) in the 1960s for a promotion that capped off years of disagreements between the salvagers, their backers and the Bahamian government.

Santa Margarita, sunk in 1622 west of Key West, Florida From the same hurricane-stricken 1622 Fleet as the Atocha (above), the Santa Margarita sank on a reef within sight of the Atocha and was found in 1626 by Spanish salvagers, who recovered only

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Capitana (Jesús María de la Limpia Concepción), sunk in 1654 off Chanduy, Ecuador This wreck was the largest loss ever experienced by the Spanish South Seas (Pacific) Fleet, of which the Jesus María de la Limpia Concepción was the capitana (“captain’s ship” or lead vessel) in 1654.

Official records reported the loss of 3 million pesos of silver (2,212 ingots, 216 chests of coins, and 22 boxes of wrought silver), augmented to a total of as much as 10 million pesos when contraband and private consignments were taken into account. By comparison, the entire annual silver production in Peru at that time was only about 6-7 million pesos!

Obviously overloaded, the Capitana sank technically due to pilot error, which drove the ship onto the reefs south of the peninsula known as Punta Santa Elena, a geographic feature the pilot thought he had cleared. Twenty people died in the disaster. For eight years afterward, Spanish salvagers officially recovered over 3 million pesos of coins and bullion (with probably much more recovered off the record), leaving only an unreachable lower section for divers to find in our time. Ironically, the main salvager of the Capitana in the 1650s and early 1660s was none other than the ship’s silvermaster, Bernardo de Campos, who was responsible for the ship’s being overloaded with contraband in the first place.

The wreck was rediscovered in the mid-1990s and salvaged (completely, according to some) in 1997. After a 50-50 split with the Ecuadorian government in 1998, investors sold most of their half of the more than 5,000 coins recovered at auction in 1999. Almost exclusively Potosí 8 and 4 reales, the coins were a healthy mix of countermarked issues of 1649-1652, transitional issues of 1652, and post-transitional pillars-and-waves cobs of 1653-1654, many in excellent condition and expertly conserved.

As an interesting footnote, the very coins salvaged from the Capitana by the Spanish in 1654 were lost again on the Maravillas wreck of 1656 (see next), and some of those coins salvaged from the Maravillas were lost again in the wreck of the salvage vessel Madama do Brasil off Gorda Cay (Bahamas) in 1657. Furthering Spain’s woes was the destruction of another treasure fleet in 1657 by English marauders fresh from a victory in the Bay of Cádiz off Santa Cruz on the island of Tenerife in the Canary Islands.

Concepción , sunk in 1641 off the northeast coast of Hispaniola The Concepción was one of the most significant Spanish wrecks of all time, serving the Spanish with a loss of over 100 tons of silver and gold treasure. The almiranta of a 21-ship fleet, the Concepción was already in poor repair when the Europe-bound fleet encountered a storm in September of 1641, leaving her disabled and navigating under makeshift sails amid disagreement among its pilots about their location. Weeks later, she grounded on a reef in an area now named the Silver Shoals, just east of another shoal known as the Abrojos, which the pilots were trying to avoid. After another storm hit the wrecked ship and the admiral and officers left in the ship’s only longboat, the remaining crew resorted to building rafts from the ship’s timbers. Survivors’ accounts pointed to drowning, starvation and even sharks for the approximately 300 casualties. In the fallout that ensued, none of the survivors could report the wreck’s location with accuracy, so it sat undisturbed until New England’s William Phipps found it in 1687 and brought home tons of silver and some gold, to the delight of his English backers.

The Concepción was found again in 1978 by Burt Webber, Jr., whose divers recovered some 60,000 silver cobs, mostly Mexican 8 and 4 reales, and also some Potosí and rare Colombian cobs, including more from the Cartagena mint than had been found on any other shipwreck. Unlike the Maravillas 15 years later, the Concepción did not yield any gold cobs in our time, and any significant artifacts found were retained by the government of the Dominican Republic who oversaw the salvage. The bulk of the silver cobs found on the Concepción were heavily promoted, even in department stores. The site is still worked from time to time with limited success.

Maravillas, sunk in 1656 off Grand Bahama Island As the almiranta of the homebound Spanish fleet in January of 1656, the Nuestra Señora de las Maravillas was officially filled with over five million pesos of treasure (and probably much more in contraband, as was usually the case). That treasure included much of the silver salvaged from the South Seas Fleet’s Capitana of 1654 that wrecked on Chanduy Reef off Ecuador (see above). The ill-fated treasure sank once again when the Maravillas unexpectedly ran into shallow water and was subsequently rammed by one of the other ships of its fleet, forcing the captain to try to ground the Maravillas on a nearby reef on Little Bahama Bank off Grand Bahama Island.

In the ensuing chaos, exacerbated by strong winds, most of the 650 people on board died in the night, and the wreckage scattered. Spanish salvagers soon recovered almost half a million pesos of treasure, followed by more recoveries over the next several decades, yet with over half of the official cargo still unfound.

The first rediscovery of the Maravillas in the twentieth century was by Robert Marx and his company Seafinders in 1972, whose finds were featured in an auction by Schulman in New York in 1974. Included among the coins in this sale were some previously

Lastdrager, sunk in 1653 off the Shetland Islands, north of Scotland The Dutch East India Co. flute Lastdrager set sail for Batavia (modern-day Jakarta, Indonesia) in February of 1653, during the first Anglo-Dutch war, which made passage through the English Channel unsafe. The alternate route north around the Shetland Islands proved to be equally dangerous in stormy conditions, which ultimately led to her demise. Only 26 people survived and only two chests of treasure were saved, amounting to a small portion of the total of 37,500 guilders she was carrying. Modern salvage efforts in the early 1970s yielded over 500 coins and some artifacts. The bulk of the treasure is believed to be in the still-missing stern section.

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unknown Cartagena silver cobs of 1655 and countermarked Potosí coinage of 1649-1651 and 1652 transitionals, in addition to many Mexican silver cobs and a few Bogotá cob 2 escudos. The second big salvage effort on the Maravillas was achieved by Herbert Humphreys and his company Marex in the late 1980s and early 1990s, resulting in two big sales by Christie’s (London) in 1992 and 1993, which featured many Bogotá cob 2 escudos, more Mexico and Potosí silver cobs, and several important artifacts. The most recent big sale of Maravillas finds, presumably from one of the many salvage efforts from the 1970s and 1980s, took place in California in 2005, again with a good quantity of Bogotá cob 2 escudos. The wreck area is still being searched today, but officially the Bahamian government has not granted any leases on the site since the early 1990s. It is possible the bulk of the treasure is still to be found.

apart rapidly, leaving only 34 survivors among the 121 people on board. Those survivors were all quickly captured by natives (Ais) and therefore had no opportunity to salvage the scattered wreck.

Today only parts of the wreck of the San Miguel have been found, discovered by lifeguard Peter Leo in 1987, in about 10 to 20 feet of water and under as much as 20 feet of sand. Salvage is ongoing.

Besides a couple of gold ingots and one large silver ingot, the yield to date has been modest, mostly low-end silver cobs of Mexico and Potosí, a good amount of the rare 1659 “Star of Lima” silver coinage, a couple Bogotá gold cobs, and some rare Cartagena silver cobs. All were sold through various dealers and private transactions. If the hull of the ship is ever found, as the salvagers think it will be, the market may finally see some of the gold cobs of the “Star of Lima” issue of 1659.

Vergulde Draeck (“Gilt Dragon”), sunk in 1656 off Western Australia

Sacramento, sunk in 1668 off Bay of All Saints, Bahia, Brazil

Much has been written about the loss and salvage of this Dutch East India Company trading vessel (known as an East Indiaman), which some consider to be Australia’s counterpart to Florida’s 1715 Fleet in terms of availability of reasonably priced cobs for collectors. In contrast to the Spanish treasure wrecks, the Vergulde Draeck carried only a modest amount of just silver cobs (eight chests totaling 45,950 coins), mostly Mexican but also some cobs from Potosí and Spain as well as some Colombian rarities. The ship was on its way from the Netherlands to Batavia (modern-day Jakarta, Indonesia) when suddenly it found itself wrecked on a reef some three miles from land in the early morning hours of April 28, 1656. Only 75 of the 193 people on board were able to reach the shore, and seven of them soon left in the ship’s pinnace to seek help in Batavia. When authorities there learned of the wreck, several attempts were made to rescue the other survivors and, more important, the eight chests of treasure, but no sign of the wreck or survivors was ever found.

The wreck remained undiscovered until 1963 when spear-fishermen stumbled upon it and began to recover coins and artifacts. Subsequent salvage efforts, primarily under the supervision of the Western Australian Museum, whose certificates often accompany the coins and carry a small premium, have yielded only about half of the total coins officially recorded to be on board this ship.

The lead vessel of a 50-ship annual convoy between Lisbon, Portugal, and Bahia, Brazil, the Sacramento hit a sandbar at night and sank in a squall on May 5, 1668, sending some 400 people to their grave. Official Brazilian government salvage on the wreck took place beginning in 1976, at some point involving the famed salvager Robert Marx. Because it was chiefly a military vessel sailing from Portugal to Brazil, the Sacramento was carrying just a few consumer goods (like textiles) and not any significant amount of coins. Nevertheless, what little from the salvaging of this ship has reached collectors has been almost exclusively Portuguese silver coins with Brazilian countermarks from 1663, although a few Spanish colonial cobs (also countermarked) and a few artifacts have surfaced too.

Unidentified wreck sunk ca. 1671 in Seville Harbor, Spain The city of Seville is situated on the Guadalquivir River, about 50 miles inland from the ocean port of Cádiz, where treasure from the New World arrived on sea-going galleons. From there the treasure sailed upriver by boat to Seville. Sometime in 1671 it is believed one of these boats sank outside Seville, or at least its treasure was lost there somehow in the river, for in the mid-1990s a large hoard of obviously salvaged silver cob 8 and 4 reales of Potosí, none dated later than 1671, and mostly in decent condition, began to emerge from markets in Spain without provenance but reportedly found in Seville Harbor during the installation of a fiber-optic cable across the river.

It should be noted that the same type of coins (with characteristics identical to those from the Seville wreck) have been sold in recent years as having come from the so-called “Señorita de Santa Cristina” of 1672 off Cádiz, but we can find no record of this ship or its salvage.

San Miguel el Arcángel (“Jupiter wreck”), sunk in 1659 off Jupiter Inlet, east coast of Florida As well known as this wreck has become among the Florida treasure community and shipwreck collectors around the world, surprisingly little has been written about it, and not one major auction has been dedicated to its finds.

The San Miguel was not a big treasure galleon in a huge convoy; rather, she was a lone aviso, a smaller ship for carrying letters and other communications quickly back to Spain. But unlike most avisos, the San Miguel was carrying some important treasure, as it was in the right time and place to take on samples of the unauthorized “Star of Lima” coinage of 1659 for the King to see. In October the San Miguel encountered a hurricane off the southeast coast of Florida, grounded on a sandbar, and broke

Consolación (“Isla de Muerto shipwreck”), sunk in 1681 off Santa Clara Island, Ecuador When salvage first began on this wreck in 1997, it was initially believed to be the Santa Cruz and later called El Salvador y San José, sunk in August of 1680; however, research by Robert Marx after the main find in subsequent years confirmed its proper name and illuminated its fascinating history.

Intended to be part of the Spanish “South Seas Fleet” of 1681, which left Lima’s port of Callao in April, the Consolación apparently was delayed and ended up traveling alone. At the Gulf of Guayaquil, off modern-day Ecuador, the Consolación encountered

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Joanna, sunk in 1682 off South Africa

English pirates, led by Bartholomew Sharpe, who forced the Spanish galleon to sink on a reef off Santa Clara Island (later nicknamed “Isla de Muerto,” or Dead Man’s Island). Before the pirates could get to the ship, the crew set fire to her and tried to escape to the nearby island without success. Angered by their inability to seize the valuable cargo of the Consolación, Sharpe’s men killed the Spaniards and tried in vain to recover the treasure through the efforts of local fishermen.

Spanish attempts after that were also fruitless, so the treasure of the Consolación sat undisturbed until our time.

When vast amounts of silver coins were found in the area starting in the 1990s, by local entrepreneurs Roberto Aguirre and Carlos Saavedra (“ROBCAR”) and the government of Ecuador in 1997 under mutual agreement, the exact name and history of the wreck were unknown, and about 8,000 of the coins (all Potosí silver cobs) were subsequently sold at auction by Spink New York in December 2001 as simply “Treasures from the ‘Isla de Muerto.’” Most of the coins offered were of low quality and poorly preserved but came with individually numbered photo-certificates. Later, after the provenance had been properly researched and better conservation methods were used, a Florida syndicate arranged to have ongoing finds from this wreck permanently encapsulated in hard-plastic holders by the authentication and grading firm ANACS, with the wreck provenance clearly stated inside the “slab”; more recent offerings have bypassed this encapsulation. Ongoing salvage efforts have good reason to be hopeful, as the manifest of the Consolación stated the value of her registered cargo as 146,000 pesos in silver coins in addition to silver and gold ingots, plus an even higher sum in contraband, according to custom.

An English East Indiaman on her way to Surat on the west coast of India, the Joanna separated from her convoy and sank in rough seas on a reef off the southernmost tip of South Africa on June 8, 1682, sending 10 people to their death. Eventually 104 survivors reached the Dutch colony of Cape Town, from which a salvage party was soon dispatched. The Joanna’s cargo consisted of 70 chests of silver coins, of which the salvage party reported having recovered only about 28,000 guilders’ worth. In 1982 the wreck was rediscovered by a group of South African divers led by Gavin Clackworthy, who brought up silver ingots (discs) and more than 23,000 silver cobs, most of them Mexican 4 and 8 reales of Charles II in generally low grade, but a few showing bold, formerly very rare dates 1679-1681. Over the past two decades, these cobs have entered the market from both private dealers and auctions, but always in relatively small quantities at a time. Almost all the coins are in very worn condition, usually thin and nearly featureless, but without the heavy encrustation and pitting that characterize Caribbean finds.

Sunken city of Port Royal, Jamaica (submerged by earthquake in 1694) As a notorious pirate hangout in the 17th century, Port Royal’s famous bars and brothels became repositories for much of the looted treasure of the Caribbean. In 1692 an earthquake sent most of the city plunging into the sea, and it never fully recovered. What was left of Port Royal became a British Naval station for years afterward and it was continually racked by hurricanes (in 1721, 1726, 1744, and 1951), fires (in 1703 and 1815), and even another earthquake (in 1907). In the period of 1965 to 1968, the famous salvager Robert Marx dove the sunken city and recovered more than two million small artifacts (many lost AFTER 1692), some of which have appeared in the treasure market from time to time.

Merestein, sunk in 1702 off South Africa This Dutch East Indiaman was outbound when she tried to put into Saldanha Bay to alleviate rampant scurvy on board the ship.

On April 3, 1702, she hit reefs on the southwest point of Jutten Island and within hours was smashed to pieces. Only 99 of the 200 people aboard the Merestein survived.

On board the Merestein were several chests of silver coins for trade in the East Indies and for which immediate salvage plans were undertaken. But Jutten Island is no easy dive, and all attempts were abandoned until modern times.

The wreck was rediscovered and salvaged in the early 1970s, yielding almost exclusively Dutch silver ducatoons from the 1600s.

The number of coins found in the 1970s was around 15,000 and is believed to be nowhere near all of the treasure that was lost.

Thousands more coins and artifacts were recovered by the salvage company Sealit in the 1990s.

1681 Fleet (“Porto Bello wreck”), sunk in 1681 off Porto Bello, Panama According to Robert Marx, a storm in 1681 sank three ships of the Spanish Caribbean Fleet: Chaperón (sunk in the mouth of the Chagres River), Boticaria (sunk off Isla de Naranjas), and an unidentified galleon (sunk off Punta de Brujas). Other reference articles, probably in error, give the date of the disaster as 1682. Despite these attributions, there is still some confusion about which wrecksite belongs to which ship of the Fleet, and as a result, the sources of finds from these wrecks tend to be referred to by location (like “Porto Bello wreck”) or simply as “1681 Fleet.”

Association, sunk in 1707 off the Scilly Isles, southwest of England The sinking of this ship and four others in a fleet of 21 returning from the Mediterranean was one of the worst British naval disasters of all time. The Association sank on October 22 under stormy conditions after what can only be described as guesswork navigation that led the ships straight onto the rocks of the Scilly Isles, where as many as 2,000 sailors lost their lives as a result. The admiral of the fleet, Sir Cloudisley Shovell, whose ten chests of personal wealth (in

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addition to several others) were rumored to be aboard the Association, was one of the casualties of the sinking, although legend has it he reached shore alive, only to be murdered there by a local woman for a ring on his finger.

The wrecksite was located in 1967 by British Navy divers, touching off a frenzy of activity on the site for years to come. Cannons and a few coins were raised in the 1960s, but it was not till 1973 that a significant amount of coins were found (8,000 in that year alone).

These coins, mostly British silver and gold but also many Spanish and Spanish-American silver cobs, were sold at auction beginning in 1969 and into the early 1970s. The cobs presented an eclectic mix, mostly 8 reales from the 1650s forward (even a “Royal” presentation issue from 1676), but from nearly all mints (especially Lima and Potosí), some even left in as-found conglomerate form combined with British coins. It is interesting to note that parts of this wreck, like others in the area, were flattened hard to the muddy sea floor by huge boulders that still roll around with the currents, making for dangerous and difficult salvage.

without incident. Hundreds of the crew and passengers lost their lives while other hundreds of survivors improvised a camp on shore to await aid from the Spanish fort at St. Augustine, to which a party was sent.

Salvage commenced soon afterward and lasted for several years. Nearly half of the vast treasure (at least the registered part) was recovered and kept in a nearby storehouse. In 1716, a flotilla of British freebooters under Henry Jennings raided the storehouse and carried off some 350,000 pesos of the treasure to Jamaica. The Spaniards, however, resumed operations until they could salvage no more and quit in 1719. The rest of the treasure remained on the ocean floor until our time.

Modern salvage on the 1715 Fleet began in the late 1950s, when local resident Kip Wagner found a piece of eight on the beach after a hurricane and decided to pursue the source. With the help of a 1774 chart and an army-surplus metal detector, he located the original Spanish salvage camp and unearthed coins and artifacts. Then, using a rented airplane to spot the underwater wrecksite from the air and check the location again by boat, Kip found the source of the coins and soon formed a team of divers and associates backed by a salvage permit from the State of Florida. All of this took place over a period of years before it evolved into the Real Eight Company, whose ranks later included such luminaries as Robert Marx and the flamboyant Mel Fisher. The Fisher family still sub-leases the sites to hopeful salvagers today.

The vast treasures yielded by the 1715 Fleet in our time fall into nearly every category, from coins to jewelry, precious stones to cannons, religious artifacts to Chinese porcelains. The 1715 Fleet remains the world’s largest source for New World gold cobs, while the silver cobs recovered number in the hundreds of thousands.

Promotions of the coins by Real Eight and others have spanned the decades, in addition to significant auctions by Henry Christensen (1964); Parke-Bernet Galleries (1967) and Sotheby Parke Bernet (1973); the Schulman Coin and Mint (1972 and 1974); Bowers and Ruddy Galleries (1977); and even the U.S. Customs Service (2003).

Despite a wealth of publications pertaining to the 1715 Fleet with names of the ships and the known locations of some of the wrecks, there is no universal agreement as to the identity of the vessel at each wrecksite. In many cases, in fact, it is possible that separate wrecksites represent different parts of the same ship. As a result, salvagers over the decades have resorted to nicknames for the sites based on landmarks, local individuals, and even features from the wrecks themselves, such as (from north to south): “Pines” (Sebastian), “Cabin” (Wabasso), “Cannon” (Wabasso), “Corrigans” (Vero Beach), “Rio Mar” (Vero Beach), “Sandy Point” (Vero Beach), “Wedge” (Fort Pierce), and “Colored Beach” (Fort Pierce). Regardless of the exact site of origin, a great majority of the coins and artifacts are sold simply as “1715 Fleet.”

DeLiefde, sunk in 1711 off the Shetland Islands, north of Scotland During the War of Spanish Succession it was deemed safer to take the northern route around Scotland than to skirt French coasts in the English Channel, but in so doing the Dutch East Indiaman DeLiefde wrecked on a reef in the Out Skerries due to faulty navigation under overcast skies, leaving only one survivor to tell the tale. Prompt salvage attempts by the VOC to recover the cargo of silver and gold coins turned up nothing—looting by locals was greatly suspected.

Modern expeditions in the 1960s, however, located the ship and yielded upwards of 4000 coins (mostly silver “rider” ducatoons and gold ducats) in 1966-1968, many of which were sold at auction by Glendining (London) in 1969.

1715 Fleet, east coast of Florida The Spanish 1715-Fleet disaster was probably the greatest to befall any of the Spanish treasure fleets in terms of casualties and money, with reports of a loss of 14 million pesos (plus an equal or greater amount in contraband) and as many as 1,000 or more lives. It was a typical case of overloaded Spanish galleons foundering in a hurricane after delayed departure. In effect the 1715 Fleet was a combination of two fleets: the Nueva España (New Spain, i.e., Mexico) Fleet from Mexico and the Tierra Firme (Mainland) Fleet from South America, some 12 or 13 ships in all. Encountering a hurricane on July 30, all the ships were driven shoreward and destroyed except for a lone vessel, the tag-along French ship Grifón, which sailed onward

Guadalupe-Tolosa , sunk in 1724 in Samaná Bay, Dominican Republic Inbound from Spain and often referred to as the “quicksilver galleons,” these two ships were carrying a cargo of 400 tons of mercury, a critical element in the silver- and gold-refining process in Mexico, where these ships were headed. In late August the ships were blown by a hurricane into Samaná Bay on the northeast coast of what is now the Dominican Republic and wrecked there in relatively close proximity to each other (about 7½ miles), which is why their names are intermingled today. Well over 500 people died in the tragedy.

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The wrecks were discovered and salvaged in the late 1970s and yielded many earthenware olive jars and other artifacts in addition to the mercury. In 2005 it became known that the 1970s salvage also turned up a small group of gold coins (including thirteen cobs from the mints of Bogotá, Cuzco, Lima, and Mexico), which were auctioned that same year.

This French man-of-war was attempting to reach Louisburg harbor with a consignment of troops and coins for the French colony when a storm sent her onto the rocks of Cape Breton instead, killing all on board. The main wrecksite was never found until 1961, when Alex Storm spotted cannons on the seabed and led a successful salvage expedition on the site in 1965, yielding many French silver ecus and gold Louis d’ors. The Chameau has been salvaged more recently as well.

The first and arguably most famous of the wrecks of the 1733 Fleet to be located in modern times was the capitana El Rubí, which was discovered in 1948 and salvaged principally in the 1950s

by Art McKee, whose Sunken Treasure Museum on Plantation Key housed his finds for all to see. Unfortunately throughout the next several decades the wrecksites in the Keys became a virtual free-forall, with many disputes and confrontations, until the government created the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary in 1990. The removal of artifacts from any of the sites is prohibited today.

In contrast to the 1715 Fleet, and because of the extensive Spanish salvage in the 1730s, the finds by modern divers have been modest, especially in gold coins, of which there are far more fakes on the market than genuine specimens. Nevertheless, the 1733 Fleet has been a significant source for some of the rare Mexican milled “pillar dollars” of 1732-1733 as well as the transitional “klippe”-type coins of 1733.

Akerendam, sunk in 1725 off the coast of Norway

Vliegenthart, sunk in 1735 off Zeeland, the Netherlands

Separated from her two companion vessels in a heavy storm, the East Indiaman Akerendam foundered off the northern point of Runde Island off the west coast of Norway on March 8, with no survivors among the 200 people on board. Throughout the next several months, five of the 19 chests of coins aboard the Akerendam were recovered, and one of those five had opened up, scattering coins over the wrecksite. No more was found, and the site was forgotten until Norwegian amateur divers rediscovered it in 1972 and brought up almost 40,000 gold and silver coins, with another 16,000 or so found the next year. Ultimately the coins were split between the divers and the Norwegian and Dutch governments, and the divers’ portion was offered as a whole at auction in 1978, following which the coins were largely assembled into leather-bound promotional sets (each consisting of one Dutch gold ducat and up to 23 silver coins, generally Mexican cobs and Dutch ducatoons and minors).

The East Indiaman Vliegenthart (“Flying Hart” in Dutch) had just departed Rammekens for the East Indies when the deadly combination of a northeast gale, a spring tide and pilot error sent her into a sand bank behind her sister-ship Anna Catharina. The latter ship broke apart in the storm while the Vliegenthart, damaged and firing her cannons in distress, slipped off the bank and sank in 10 fathoms of water. All hands on both ships were lost.

Contemporaneous salvage under contract with the Dutch East India Company was unsuccessful, but it provided a piece of evidence, a secret map, that emerged from obscurity in 1977.

Stemming from that, divers employed by the former London attorney Rex Cowan discovered the wreck in 1981, and in 1983 they found their first coins, one of three chests of Mexican silver and Dutch gold coins (totaling 67,000 guilders or dollar-sized units) for the East India trade aboard the Vliegenthart. The second chest was smashed on the seabed and its contents partially salvaged, while the third chest, intact like the first, came up in 1992. The divers also recovered several smaller boxes of large Dutch silver coins known as “ducatoons,” illegally exported and therefore contraband. Among the silver coins found were thousands of Mexican cobs, predominantly 8 reales, many with clear dates in the early 1730s and in excellent condition.

Le Chameau, sunk in 1725 off Nova Scotia, Canada

1733 Fleet, Florida Keys Much like the 1715-Fleet disaster, the 1733 Fleet was an entire Spanish convoy lost in a hurricane off Florida. However, due to the lesser severity of the 1733 hurricane, which struck the fleet on July 15, and the shallowness of the wrecksites in the Keys, there were many survivors, and four ships remained in good enough condition to be refloated and sent back to Havana. A highly successful salvage effort by the Spanish yielded even more than the 12 million pesos of precious cargo listed on the Fleet’s manifest (thanks to the usual contraband).

The wrecks themselves are spread across 80 miles, from north of Key Largo down to south of Duck Key, and include the following galleons (note there is not universal agreement as to which wrecksite pertains to each galleon, and each name is a contemporaneous abbreviation or nickname): El Pópulo, El Infante, San José, El Rubí (the capitana), Chávez, Herrera, Tres Puentes, San Pedro, El Terri (also spelled Lerri or Herri), San Francisco, El Gallo Indiano (the almiranta), Las Angustias, El Sueco de Arizón, San Fernando, and San Ignacio.

This last ship, San Ignacio, is believed to be the source of many silver coins (and even some gold coins) found in a reef area off Deer Key known as “Coffins Patch,” the south-westernmost of all the 1733Fleet wrecksites. In addition, many other related sites are known, mostly the wrecks of tag-along ships that accompanied the fleet proper.

Rooswijk, sunk in 1739 off southeast England Off the southeastern tip of England, just north of the Straits of Dover, the sea hides a most unusual feature known as the Goodwin

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Sands, where sandbanks appear and disappear unpredictably and move with the tides. Many ships over the centuries have sunk here and silted over, and occasionally one of the wrecks will surface and be discovered. Such is the case with the Rooswijk, a Dutch East Indiaman that foundered on the Goodwin Sands in a storm on December 19, 1739 (by the calendar in use by the British at the time), with all hands and 30 chests of treasure, virtually gone without a trace.

By chance in December 2004, the sands that had swallowed the wreck of the Rooswijk parted and allowed diver Ken Welling to retrieve two complete chests and hundreds of silver bars. Operating in secrecy, salvage continued in 2005 under the direction of Rex Cowan (in agreement with the Dutch and British governments) and is ongoing today. So far, several hundred Mexican silver cobs of the 1720s and early 1730s and transitional “klippes” of 1733-1734, as well as many more hundreds of “pillar dollars” and a smattering of cobs from other mints, have hit the market from this wreck, mostly through auction.

Dassen Islands. After four-and-a-half months at sea, the crew had anchored there to fetch rock rabbits (“dassies,” for which Dassen Island was named) and other fresh food to relieve massive illness on board the ship, on which some 125 had died and 83 were incapacitated out of 297 people; but in the face of a gale, the anchor-line snapped and the ship foundered on the rocks. Only 20 survived the sinking, and only one incomplete chest of coins was recovered. The area was deemed too dangerous to attempt further salvage.

Beginning in 1979, modern salvage on the wreck by the salvage company Sealit yielded thousands of coins (as many as 15,000 by the early 1980s, when protective legislation was enacted in South Africa), mostly in near pristine condition, which have been sold in various auctions and private offerings ever since. A great majority of the coins from this wreck are Mexican pillar dollars in excellent condition, but there were also a few hundred New World silver cobs, including Guatemala cobs, which are rarely seen from shipwrecks.

Nuestra Señora de la Luz, sunk in 1752 off Montevideo, Uruguay

Hollandia, sunk in 1743 off the Scilly Isles, southwest of England

Actually a Portuguese vessel leased by the Spanish, the Luz left Buenos Aires in the summer of 1752 with a load of money bound for Spain and had just stopped in Montevideo for provisioning when a strong storm swept her into the coastline, spreading wreckage over a wide area and killing all on board. While over 90% of the treasure was recovered soon afterward, the powder-hold was never found, and as it turns out, that is where some 200,000 pesos (according to later reports) of contraband had been stored.

In April 1992, divers working under Rubén Collado began to recover gold coins on a wrecksite in the Río de la Plata, and soon it became clear the wreck in question had to be from 1751 or 1752, as none of the coins was dated later than 1751. The finds, which were split with the Uruguayan government and then sold at auction in New York and Montevideo, consisted of mostly milled (bust-type) 8 escudos from the new mint at Santiago, Chile. Also in these auctions were 95 gold cobs and 353 silver cobs, the former mostly Lima 8 and 4 escudos (but also some Bogotá 2 escudos), and the latter mostly 8 and 4 reales from Potosí (with several more gold and silver cob sold privately). The gold is pristine, but the silver coins all show at least moderate corrosion.

Blown off course on her way to the East Indies, the Hollandia struck Gunner Rock and sank in about 110 feet of water about 1½ miles east of it on July 13, 1743. There were no survivors.

The first sign of the wreck came in 1971, when divers under Rex Cowan located the wrecksite and within a couple years salvaged more than 35,000 silver coins among the nearly 130,000 guilders (dollar-sized units) recorded to be on board the Hollandia. A great majority of the coins were Mexican “pillar dollars,” but there were also some silver cobs, including the scarce Mexican transitional “klippes” of 1733-1734 and a few Guatemala cobs, in mixed condition.

Princess Louisa, sunk in 1743 off the Cape Verde Islands, west of Africa Laden with 20 chests (69,760 ounces) of Spanish silver, the East Indiaman Princess Louisa fell victim to surprise currents and inaccurate charts and struck a reef and sank off Isla de Maio in the early morning hours of April 18. Forty-two of the 116 people aboard floated to safety on the nearby island, but nothing on the ship could be saved. Contemporaneous salvage never came to fruition.

In 1998 and 1999 the wrecksite was located and salvaged by the Arqueonautas firm, whose finds from this wreck have been largely marketed by a Houston coin and jewelry dealer ever since, although some coins were also sold at auction in 2000-2001.

Most of the coins were New World silver cobs from all the mints that were operating in the early 1700s (including rare Bogotá cobs), predominantly minors (smaller than 8 reales), in average condition, with quite a few preserved in asfound multiple-coin clusters.

Bredenhof, sunk in 1753 off Mozambique The Bredenhof was a Dutch East Indiaman headed to India with 14 barrels of copper “duits” (penny-like coins), 29 chests of silver bars, and one chest of gold ducats. On June 6, 1753, about 13 miles from the eastern coast of Africa and 120 miles south of the Portuguese settlement of Mozambique, the Bredenhof found herself in difficult currents and struck a reef. Amazingly, among the first items jettisoned to try to raise the ship off the reef were some of the chests of silver bars! The gold was taken by the ship’s officers, some of whom survived the trip to Mozambique, but the silver bars and copper coins were lost until modern times, despite salvage attempts in the 1750s.

In 1986 divers with the salvage company Sealit found the wreck and recovered hundreds of silver ingots and hundreds of thousands of copper coins, all sold at auction by Christie’s Amsterdam that same year.

Reijgersdaal, sunk in 1747 off South Africa More popularly known in the U.S. as Reygersdahl, this typical East Indiaman was carrying eight chests of silver coins (nearly 30,000 coins) when she sank on October 25, 1747, between Robben and

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Tilbury, sunk in 1757 off Nova Scotia, Canada

repairs before sailing again, the Royal George suddenly flooded and sank in 65 feet of water, drowning hundreds of people on board, a national disaster of epic proportion.

Salvage began right away, but only fifteen cannons were saved. Twenty-eight more cannons were hauled up in 1834. A more extensive salvage operation in 1839-1843 brought up the rest of the guns and even recovered most of the ship’s timbers. The bronze guns and timbers were then used to make small “relics” (replica cannons and small books with wooden covers, among other items), which are valuable souvenirs today.

In an expedition against the French fortress at Louisbourg, the Tilbury was one of four ships (in a fleet of twenty) that were carrying a total of 34 chests of silver coins when the fleet encountered a hurricane off the southeast coast of Cape Breton. The Tilbury and one of the non-coin-bearing ships, the smaller sloop Ferret, sank in the middle of the night on September 25, 1757. Two hundred eighty of the 400 men on board the Tilbury survived to become French prisoners; the other ship and its crew were lost without a trace.

Famous diver and author Alex Storm (with Adrian Richards) located the bow section of the Tilbury in 1969 on a stretch of coastline known, appropriately enough, as “Tilbury Rocks,” where until the 1980s there was even a cannon from the wreck lying on shore for all to see. In 1986 divers Pierre LeClerc and Gilles Brisebois found what is believed to be the midsection of the ship farther offshore, and these divers recovered several hundred coins, many of which were auctioned in 1989. Most of the coins were silver pillar dollars, but there were also several silver cobs and even at least one gold cob among the finds. The missing stern section of the ship, where the bulk of the treasure was stored, is still to be found.

Cazador, sunk in 1784 off New Orleans, Louisiana The Cazador was a Spanish brig of war headed from Vera Cruz, Mexico, to New Orleans under the direction of Captain Gabriel de Campos y Piñeda. Her cargo of some 450,000 pesos of newly minted silver coins was meant to stabilize the fragile economy in the Spanish possession of Louisiana, which had suffered from the use of French paper currency. The fact that the coins never arrived probably hastened the decision to cede the colony to Napoleon in 1800, soon after which Louisiana was sold to the fledgling United States of America for $15 million.

Nobody knows how the Cazador was lost, and no evidence of the ship was found until 1993, when a fishing crew led by Captain Jerry Murphy snagged their net on something about 50 miles south of New Orleans in the Gulf of Mexico. When the net was brought up, it spilled out hundreds of silver coins onto the deck of Jerry’s boat, aptly named Mistake. Shortly thereafter, the fishermen obtained the rights to the find and began recoveries under the name of Grumpy Inc.

Auguste, sunk in 1761 off Nova Scotia, Canada After the end of the Seven Years’ War between England and France in 1759, French officers and aristocrats in Canada were sent from Quebec back to France in ships such as the Auguste. In stormy conditions and damaged by fire, the Auguste struck a sand bar on November 15 and subsequently sank in Aspy Bay off Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia. Only seven of the 121 on board survived, and the wealth of the passengers was lost until our time. To date, well over a thousand coins of various nationalities have been found, along with many important artifacts.

Hartwell, sunk in 1787 off the Cape Verde Islands, west of Africa

Count Ernst Schimmelmann, sunk in 1781 off the Cape Verde Islands, west of Africa

On her maiden voyage to China, the British East Indiaman Hartwell was heavily laden with silver when the crew mutinied. After quelling the fight, the captain headed to the Cape Verde Islands to offload the mutineers. Exhausted from the mutiny, the weary sailors ran the ship into a reef off the Island of Boavista, losing the ship entirely. Fortunately all hands were saved.

Salvage by the British East India Company 1788-1791 yielded nearly half of the approximately 200,000 ounces of silver cargo on board the Hartwell. Pirates at the time recovered another 40,000 coins.

The wrecksite was found again and salvaged by Afrimar in 1994-1996 and by Arqueonautas in 1996-1999, providing the market with Spanish colonial bust-type 8 reales in generally poor condition.

The actual name of this Danish East Indiaman (if it even had one) is unknown, and instead it is referred to by the name of her captain, who was taking her from Denmark to China when she sank in April of 1781 off the Isle of Maio. When salvaged by Arqueonautas in 1999, the Schimmelmann yielded over 800 pieces of Swedish copper “plate money,” huge slabs of copper that actually had monetary value in the late 1600s and early 1700s but were demonetized and shipped as scrap copper by the time of this wreck.

Leocadia, sunk in 1800 off Punta Santa Elena, Ecuador This wreck, salvaged periodically in the late twentieth century, typically yielded portrait (bust) 8 reales from Lima, Peru, but more recent work in 2001 brought up a handful of small silver cobs of the mid- to late 1700s mostly from the Potosí mint. These were probably from a small, private purse and not part of the more than 2 million pesos of registered silver and gold cargo aboard the Leocadia when she departed Paita, Peru, bound for Panama in a convoy of merchant vessels. On November 16, 1800, the Leocadia struck a shoal and broke apart 100 yards from the beach at Punta Santa Elena, with a loss of over 140 lives in the disaster. Within the next year the Spanish salvaged about 90 percent of the registered treasure, leaving more than 200,000 pesos (not to mention the expected contraband) behind

Royal George, sunk in 1782 off Spithead, England Flagship of the British Royal Navy, the Royal George was the largest ship in the world when she was first launched in 1756. Among other distinctions, this ship took part in the American Revolutionary War. In 1782, while anchored at Spithead and heeled over slightly for

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Santo Andre, sunk in 1856 off the Cape Verde Islands, west of Africa

to tempt divers in our time. Judging from the paucity of coins from this ship on the open market, we may assume that many more are still to be found.

The Santo Andre was a Spanish galera that sank on July 25, 1856, on Rifona Reef off Boavista Island in the Cape Verde Islands.

The wrecksite was salvaged in our time by different companies beginning in 1993 and ending in 1996, yielding thousands of Spanish and French silver coins and small artifacts.

Admiral Gardner, sunk in 1809 off the southeast coast of England Along with her sister-ship Britannia, the English East Indiaman Admiral Gardner was outbound with an immense cargo (48 tons!) of copper coins for circulation in India when both ships sank in a storm on the Goodwin Sands on January 24, 1809. Ten lives were lost, as was all the cargo. The coins were recovered in modern times, literally a million of them packed in wax inside wooden barrels.

“Coconut wreck,” sunk ca. 1810 in deep water off Bermuda This fascinating find has been touted as the deepest treasure wreck ever found, and it should hold that title for a long time! While searching in 1999 for Gus Grissom’s space capsule Liberty Bell 7 (lost in a test at sea, in which Grissom nearly died) from the Mercury program of 1961, underwater explorer Curt Newport (supported by the Discovery Channel) noticed an unidentified anomaly at a depth of 16,300 feet—not the space capsule (which was eventually found and recovered), but something interesting to be investigated later.

That day came in 2001 when Michael McDowell used a pair of Russian submarines to view the wreck, whereupon they discovered the remains of a wooden trading vessel loaded with coconuts! A chest full of over 1300 silver coins was soon recovered, along with a small, ornate gold box containing 13 gold coins wrapped in a newspaper dated August 6, 1809. These gold coins were sold at auction in 2008 by Stack’s in New York, who dubbed this the “Coconut wreck,” despite its earlier names (given by divers and promoters) of “Piña Colada wreck” and “Atlantic Target Expedition wreck”.

We had the honor of being the first auction house to offer the silver coins from this wreck in 2008, following which we brokered a sale of the entire cache of over 1000 coins. Working with the new owner, we are privileged to offer here in Treasure Auction #6 the “Coconut Wreck Research Collection” of the top 50 silver coins from the find, consisting of one of every date and denomination found in collectible grade.

S.S. Central America, sunk in 1857 in deep water off North Carolina Sunk in a hurricane on September 12, 1857, the mail steamer Central America took with her more than 400 lives and over three tons of gold. The wreck lay undisturbed until 1986, when Tommy Thompson and his Columbus-America Discovery Group located the ship in 8500 feet of water. After 10 years of legal struggles, the salvagers were awarded about 92 percent of the treasure, with most of the rest going to insurance companies who had paid the claim when the ship sank. Widely touted as the greatest treasure ever found, the gold from the Central America has been very heavily promoted and cleverly marketed.

S.S. Republic, sunk in 1865 in deep water off Savannah, Georgia Originally christened the Tennessee (which is how she was identified in our time), the sidewheel steamer Republic was carrying some $400,000 in specie from New York to New Orleans when she sank in a hurricane about 100 miles offshore on October 25, 1865.

One of many deep targets located by the salvage company Odyssey, the site of the Republic was salvaged by submersible craft beginning in 2003. In addition to gold and silver coins of the Civil War-era United States, Odyssey found the ship’s bell with part of the name Tennessee, confirming the ship’s identity and launching a massive, ongoing promotional campaign for coins and artifacts from the wreck.

Diana, sunk in 1817 off Malaysia After trading goods in China for the English East India Co., the Diana was headed back to India when she hit rocks in the Straits of Malacca and sank with a cargo of porcelains. Salvaged by Dorian Ball in 1994, the Diana’s porcelains were sold at auction by Christie’s (Amsterdam) in 1995.

Sabina, sunk in 1842 off South Africa A Spanish vessel returning to Spain from Manila with the retired governor and his wealth, the Sabina wrecked off Cape Recife on August 8, 1842. She was located in our time by the salvage company Sealit, who recovered thousands of coins and donated them to the Port Elizabeth museum in South Africa.

Douro, sunk in 1882 off Cape Finisterre, Spain The British Royal Mail Steamer Douro was en route to England from Portugal when she collided with the Spanish steamship Yrurac Bat and sank in the early morning hours of April 2, 1882, in deep water off the northwest coast of Spain. All but six people on board survived, but the ship and its cargo of tens of thousands of gold coins were a total loss. The wreck was found and salvaged in 1995 by Sverker Hallstrom and Nigel Pickford using a remoteoperated vehicle (ROV) at a depth of 1,500 feet. The cargo of gold coins, mostly British sovereigns was sold at auction by Spink (London) in 1996.

Any questions? Please email us at info@sedwickcoins.com or call (407) 975-3325 20

SESSION I: Thursday, October 15, 2009, 11:00 a.m.

GOLD COBS Mexico City, Mexico

1. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 escudos, 1709J, possible “Royal” presentation issue, extremely rare and choice high grade, from the 1715 Fleet. S-M30, KM-57.1, CT-101. 26.9 grams. Arguably the most important coin in this catalog, our lot #1 is unique in several ways and is among the highest-grade cob 8E we have ever seen, with full mint luster and certain details, like the cross, tapering to sharp, completely unworn tops and (to our eyes at least) apparently specially prepared on a much rounder than usual flan and with more complete and more evenly struck design than expected for the crude 1702-1710 period. Exceptional quality aside, the fact is that this coin is the ONLY clear example known of the 1709 date, and careful study indicates that the date may be re-engraved over both (170)8 and (170)7, further evidence that this was a special presentation die retained and reused for several years. Complicating matters is the fact that there are NO KNOWN Royals for the years 1703-1710 to compare with. We expect this lot will fetch well above its conservative estimate, as other Royals (even relatively common dates) have recently gotten well into six figures at auction. From the 1715 Fleet. Estimate: $35,000-$50,000.

2. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 escudos, 1710J, from the 3. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 escudos, 1711J, from the 1715 Fleet, very rare. S-M30, KM-57.1, CT-102. 26.7 grams. With full and beautiful shield and oXMJ, bold 171 and round bottom of the final digit of the date, also high grade (UNC) and a lovely gold color, this specimen is one of the best known of this rare date and is exceptional for this generally crude period.

From the 1715 Fleet, with Real Eight Co. certificate. Estimate: $10,000-$15,000.

1715 Fleet. S-M30, KM-57.1, CT-103. 26.9 grams. Nice full shield and oXMJ and denomination VIII, clear 11 of date, crude cross (with special “ears” type ornaments in quadrants), much legend, lightly sandwashed AU-. From the 1715 Fleet, with Real Eight Co. certificate. Estimate: $8,000-$12,000.

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4. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 escudos, 1713J, from the 1715 Fleet, encapsulated NGC AU-55, choice strike. S-M30, KM-57.1, CT-106. Excellent strike for the date, with choice full shield, oXMJ, denomination, crown and even the 1713 date, plus a fully detailed cross on the other side, light tan sediment in crevices. From the 1715 Fleet, with provenance printed inside slab.

Estimate: $10,000-$15,000.

7. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 escudos, 1714J, from the 1715 Fleet, encapsulated NGC AU-50. S-M30, KM-57.2, CT108. Bold date, full cross and crown, lightly polished but accurately graded. From the 1715 Fleet, with provenance printed inside slab. Estimate: $9,000-$13,500.

8. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 escudos, (1714)J, from the 1715 Fleet, scarce variety with “GRAT” where date

5. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 escudos, 1713J, from the normally appears. S-M30, KM-57.2, CT-107. 26.9 grams. Choice full 1715 Fleet, encapsulated NGC MS-63, choice grade. S-M30, KM-57.1, CT-106. Crude shape (four distinct “bevels” to edge, as made) but choice high grade and with bold full oXMJ and clear date. (Note new slab with four prongs to enable edge-viewing.)

From the 1715 Fleet. Estimate: $10,000-$15,000.

cross, no evidence of date but clear (GR)AT on shield side, a scarce one-year type with several distinctive errors in the die, like denomination VIII/IIIV and Austria (bar) punched over New Burgundy (fleurs) on left side of shield, AU+. From the 1715 Fleet. Estimate: $6,000-$9,000.

6. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 escudos, 1714J, from the 9. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 escudos, (17)14J, from the 1715 Fleet, encapsulated NGC AU-55. S-M30, KM-57.2, CT108. Full date, cross, shield, crown and oMJ, and high grade (Mint State in our opinion), just lightly struck. (Note new slab with four prongs to enable edge-viewing.) From the 1715 Fleet.

Estimate: $10,000-$15,000.

1715 Fleet, scarce variety with “GRAT” where date normally appears. S-M30, KM-57.2, CT-107. 27.1 grams. Good full shield and cross and oMJ, clear 14 of date above cross, lightly polished and with a few minor scratches as once in jewelry, AU. From the 1715 Fleet. Estimate: $5,000-$7,500.

Please place absentee bids at www.iCollector.com/sedwick (use the bid sheet at the end of this catalog for fax or mail bids)

Want to see your collection here? Consign to our Treasure Auction #7 (spring, 2010), deadline January 31 22

14. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 escudos, 171(4)J, from the 10. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 escudos, 171(5)J, from the 1715 Fleet. S-M30, KM-55.2, CT-234. 13.3 grams. Typically choice details (full cross and shield, albeit slightly off-center, plus full crown and oMJ and IIII) and high grade (Mint State), last digit of date flat, rounder flan than most, a few recent marks in periphery but not overly distracting. From the 1715 Fleet.

Estimate: $3,000-$4,500.

1715 Fleet. S-M30, KM-57.2, CT-109. 26.7 grams. Choice bold shield and denomination VIII with flanking ornaments, nice full cross, full oMJ, fully Mint State in a lovely shade of gold. From the 1715 Fleet. Estimate: $5,000-$7,500.

15. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 2 escudos, 1714J, from the 11. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 escudos, date and assayer 1715 Fleet. S-M30, KM-53.2, CT-350. 6.8 grams. Complete date and

oMJ, choice full shield and cross, very high grade (probably MS-63), desirable certificate. From the 1715 Fleet, with original Treasure Salvors certificate signed by Rupe Gates. Estimate: $3,000$4,500.

not visible (style of 1702-10, oXMJ), from the 1715 Fleet.

KM-55.1. 13.3 grams. A bit more worn than most (VF) and lightly polished as previously worn in jewelry, still with nearly full and well-centered cross and shield and clear denomination IIII. From the 1715 Fleet, with photo-certificate. Estimate: $2,500-$3,250.

16. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 2 escudos, 1714J, from the 1715 Fleet. S-M30, KM-53.2, CT-350. 6.8 grams. Very bold full date, full oMJ, crown, shield and cross, Mint State with slightly crude edge. From the 1715 Fleet. Estimate: $3,000-$4,500.

12. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 escudos, 1713J, from the 1715 Fleet, encapsulated NGC MS-63. S-M30, KM-55.1, CT233. Choice high grade proven by high points in details (particularly the full cross), bold full shield and oXMJ, bottoms of all 4 digits of the date visible. From the 1715 Fleet, with provenance printed inside slab. Estimate: $6,000-$9,000.

17. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 2 escudos, (1)715J, from the 1715 Fleet, rare. S-M30, CT-351. 6.6 grams. Bold full 715 of date (much rarer than 1714 and highly desirable as the date of sinking), full crown and cross and most of shield, AU but with some flatness, desirable certificate and provenance (same Memorial Day 1964 chest as lot #21 in this sale). From the Colored Beach site of the 1715 Fleet, with Real Eight Co. certificate. Estimate: $3,000-$4,500.

13. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 escudos, Philip V, date 18. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 2 escudos, (171)5J, from the and assayer not visible (style of 1711-13, oXMJ), from the 1715 Fleet, encapsulated NGC AU-55. KM-55.1. Lustrous and high grade (closer to Mint State in our opinion), great full shield (well centered) and crown and denomination. From the 1715 Fleet, with provenance printed inside slab. Estimate: $3,000-$4,500.

1715 Fleet, rare, mounted in 18K necklace bezel. S-M30, CT351. 11.5 grams. Choice full crown, nearly full shield, bottom of 5 of date only (rare and desirable as the date of sinking), full but double-struck cross, nicely aligned axes and therefore reversible in jewelry. From the 1715 Fleet. Estimate: $3,000-$4,500.

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19. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1 escudo, 1713J, from the 1715 Fleet, encapsulated NGC MS-61. S-M30, KM-51.1, CT-509. Bold 713 of date (rare thus), choice full crown, well-detailed shield and cross, also rare grade. From the 1715 Fleet and pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $2,500-$3,750.

20. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1 escudo, (1714)J, from the 1715 Fleet. S-M30, KM-51.2, CT-510. 3.4 grams. Choice full shield and crown and cross, perfectly detailed and high grade (Mint State), also well centered and with none of the doubling that sometimes plagues this otherwise beautiful type, desirable certificate. From the 1715 Fleet, with original Treasure Salvors certificate signed by Rupe Gates. Estimate: $1,500-$2,250.

Lima, Peru

21. Lima, Peru, cob 8 escudos, 1702H, from the 1715 Fleet, very rare, Calicó Plate Coin. S-L25a, KM-38.1, CT-12. 26.9 grams.

A key rarity (4 known, missing in the State of Florida collection), one of only 2 found by the Real Eight Co. on the 1715 Fleet (this one among some 1800 cobs stacked up in a disintegrated wooden chest found on Memorial Day of 1964 by Bob Johnson about 150 yards from the ballast pile of the Colored Beach wreck site), also a very photogenic coin (Plate Coin #218 in Calicó’s La Onza reference) on a broad and perfectly round planchet with 100% full legends and inner details, clear date despite very minor doubling on pillars only, lustrous AU. One of the major highlights of this sale. From the Colored Beach site of the 1715 Fleet, with Real Eight Co. certificate. Estimate: $20,000-$30,000.

22. Lima, Peru, cob 8 escudos, 1709M, from the 1715 Fleet. 23. Lima, Peru, cob 8 escudos, 1712M, from the 1715 Fleet.

Choice full and well-centered cross with nearly full legend on that side, full but slightly offcenter pillars with full crown above, near Mint State in a lovely shade of gold, the date a bit scarce. From the 1715 Fleet, with Artifacts Ltd (Cayman) certificate. Estimate: $8,000-$10,000.

S-L28, KM-38.1, CT-20. 26.9 grams.

S-L28, KM-38.2, CT-23. 26.9 grams. Bold full second date in legend, great full cross and pillars, somewhat compact flan, AU, with desirable certificate and provenance (found in July of 1964 on the patache site at Colored Beach). From the 1715 Fleet, with Real Eight Co. certificate. Estimate: $7,000-$10,000.

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24. Lima, Peru, cob 8 escudos, 1712M, from the 1715 Fleet. 28. Lima, Peru, cob 8 escudos, 1713/2M, from the 1715 S-L28, KM-38.2, CT-23. 26.9 grams. Full-sized planchet with complete

Fleet, scarce. S-L28, CT-24. 26.9 grams. Very bold, well-centered and choice full cross and pillars with clear date and overdate, XF grade, desirable certificate and provenance (same Memorial Day 1964 chest as lot #21 in this sale). From the Colored Beach site of the 1715 Fleet, with Real Eight Co. certificate. Estimate: $8,500$12,500.

cross and crown, clear second date in legend, doubled on the 2 of the primary date and with one castle flat, otherwise AU+.

From the 1715 Fleet, with Artifacts Ltd (Cayman) certificate. Estimate: $6,000-$9,000.

25. Lima, Peru, cob 8 escudos, 1712M, obverse legend 29. Lima, Peru, cob 8 escudos, 1716M, rows of dots,

beginning at 6 o’clock, from the 1715 Fleet. S-L28, KM-38.2, CT-23. 26.9 grams. Bold and well-centered full pillars and cross, clear second date in legend, near AU. From the 1715 Fleet.

Estimate: $6,000-$9,000.

encapsulated NGC XF-45. S-L28, KM-38.2, CT-28. Curious oneyear type with dots for the rows and also filling all the blank spaces on the pillars side, which is fully detailed and well centered, also full cross, possibly salvaged. Estimate: $6,000$9,000.

26. Lima, Peru, cob 8 escudos, 1712M, from the 1715 Fleet.

Bold legends, nice full crown, full cross and pillars (the latter doubled), AU with reddish toning in crevices, well centered on a broad flan. From the 1715 Fleet, with Sinclair and Pearson photo-certificates. Estimate: $6,000-$9,000.

S-L28, KM-38.2, CT-23. 27.0 grams.

30. Lima, Peru, cob 8 escudos, 1727M, from the 1733 Fleet.

Choice full cross and pillars, bold second date in legend, high grade (AU or better) with light red toning on most of the surface (except a round place near the edge where another coin was protecting it), rare provenance as from the 1733 Fleet and surely one of the finest known. From the 1733 Fleet and pedigreed to our Treasure Auction #3, lot #14, with Sedwick photo-certificate. Estimate: $6,000$9,000.

S-L28b, KM-38.2, CT-40. 26.9 grams.

27. Lima, Peru, cob 8 escudos, 1712M, from the 1715 Fleet.

S-L28, KM-38.2, CT-23. 26.9 grams. Full cross and pillars, much bold

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legend (including second date “71,” lacking the final digit entirely), well centered but doubled on the pillars side (weak date as a result), lightly toned AU. From the 1715 Fleet. Estimate: $5,000-$7,500.

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31. Lima, Peru, cob 8 escudos, 1734/3N, encapsulated NGC VF-25, rare overdate. S-L29. Not high grade but well struck with full cross and pillars, lightly toned, unlisted overdate.

Estimate: $5,000-$7,500.

32. Lima, Peru, cob 8 escudos, 1750R, from the Luz (1752),

35. Lima, Peru, cob 2 escudos, 1701H, posthumous Charles II, from the 1715 Fleet, very rare. S-L25, KM-29, CT-129. 6.7 grams. Choice pillars-side details with bold date (far superior to the State of Florida collection specimen, which may be the only other one known), full but slightly off-center cross with king’s ordinal II in legend, lustrous Mint State with dark orange sediment in crevices, desirable certificate. From the Corrigans site of the 1715 Fleet, with Real Eight Co. certificate. Estimate: $6,000$9,000.

encapsulated NGC XF-45. S-L31, KM-47, CT-17. Full pillars and cross (the latter with clear second date below), 2 mintmarks and assayers, full king’s ordinal VI in legend, lustrous but double-struck all over. From the Luz (1752), with provenance printed in slab. Estimate: $6,000-$9,000.

36. Lima, Peru, cob 2 escudos, 1705H, from the 1715 Fleet, rare. S-L25a, KM-36, CT-300. 6.7 grams. Very choice full cross, nice full pillars with weak but certain 5 of date, lustrous Mint State.

From the 1715 Fleet, with Sedwick photo-certificate. Estimate: $5,000$7,000.

33. Lima, Peru, cob 4 escudos, 1750R, from the Luz (1752). 37. Lima, Peru, cob 2 escudos, 1707H, from the 1715 Fleet, S-L31, KM-A47, CT-91. 13.5 grams. Round, compact flan with choice

full cross and pillars, high grade (lustrous Mint State with fine sediment in crevices), very slightly doubled on pillars side but still nicely detailed. From the Luz (1752) and pedigreed to our Treasure Auction #3, lot #18. Estimate: $5,000-$7,500.

scarce, encapsulated NGC XF-45. S-L25a, KM-36, CT-301. Very large, round flan with full cross and pillars (the latter doublestruck), ISPANIA (without the H) in legend. (Note new slab with four prongs to enable edge-viewing.) From the 1715 Fleet.

Estimate: $6,000-$9,000.

34. Lima, Peru, cob 2 escudos, 1697/6H, from the 1715 38. Lima, Peru, cob 2 escudos, 1709M, from the 1715 Fleet.

Fleet, scarce. S-L25. 6.9 grams. Large planchet with choice full cross-lions-castles and pillars-and-waves, clear date and overdate, bold C.II. in legend, lustrous Mint State, desirable certificate and provenance (same Memorial Day 1964 chest as lot #21 in this sale), unlisted overdate for this denomination.

From the Colored Beach site of the 1715 Fleet, with Real Eight Co. certificate. Estimate: $7,000-$10,000.

S-L28, KM-36, CT-303. 6.7 grams. Broad flan with perfect cross side (full legend) and choice pillars side (full crown), the tail of the 9 of the date typically lost in the waves and easily mistaken for a 0, AU with faint orange toning all over. From the 1715 Fleet, with NumisTreasure photo-certificate from 2008. Estimate: $5,000$7,000.

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40. Lima, Peru, cob 1 escudo, 1698R, from the 1715 Fleet, 39. Lima, Peru, cob 2 escudos, 1710H, from the 1715 Fleet.

very rare assayer for date. S-L26, KM-27, CT-178. 3.4 grams. Slightly crude design, easily mistaken at first for some kind of contemporary counterfeit, but further study proves it is the very rare (in this denomination) first date of issue for assayer R, with full and choice castle, bold date and R, full cross on other side, fully Mint State (and proper weight) with minute bits of coral in crevices, with desirable certificate. From the 1715 Fleet, with Real Eight Co. certificate. Estimate: $7,000-$10,000.

S-L25a, KM-36, CT-304. 6.8 grams. Very bold and choice full pillars-

and-waves and cross-lions-castles, lustrous Mint State, patches of gray coral here and there, very attractive, with desirable certificate and provenance (Ubilla/Colored Beach find by Real Eight in the 1960s). From the Colored Beach site of the 1715 Fleet, with Real Eight Co. certificate. Estimate: $6,000-$9,000.

Cartagena, Colombia 41. Cartagena, Colombia, cob 2 escudos, 162(2) SF, posthumous Philip III, from the Santa Margarita (1622). S-C5, KM-4.3, CT-16. 6.7 grams. Highly touted as “the first gold coin struck in the Americas,” this 1622 issue shows a mysterious SF mintmark without an assayer, as the die was engraved in Spain before the assayer was known (another, less popular theory being that the F is a broken-E assayer-mark), which is also why the legend indicates Philip III, who died in 1621. This specimen (one of only 7 known) shows a nice full shield and SF and bold king’s name and clear ordinal III, but the date is mostly off the edge, and the cross and part of the shield are plagued by areas of flatness (otherwise UNC), the non-flat parts nevertheless bold and graced with dark, contrasting sediment. Also desirable for its provenance and early certificate (in fact probably the first specimen ever found, but not known to numismatists until 2008). From the Santa Margarita (1622), with Fisher photo-certificate #178-M-80, and pedigreed to our Treasure Auction #3, lot #23. Estimate: $15,000-$25,000.

42. Cartagena, Colombia, cob 2 escudos, 1635E, choice, Lasser-Restrepo Plate Coin. S-C7, KM-4.6, CT-137. 6.7 grams. One of the finest known specimens anywhere, with clear date and •C•E•, choice full shield and cross, bold ordinal •II•, near AU with contrasting sediment on fields, also highly pedigreed, as a coin of such ultimate quality should be. Pedigreed to the Joseph Lasser collection, Plate Coin in his book The Cob Coinage of Colombia (2000) and Restrepo’s Monedas de Colombia (2009). Estimate: $4,000-$6,000.

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Bogotá, Colombia

43. Bogotá, Colombia, cob 4 escudos, 1740M, rare, encapsulated PCGS AU-50. S-B26, KM-23, CT-254. Thick and compact round flan with choice full shield, small bold cross, bold 174 and certain 0 of date, closer to Mint State in our opinion, with attractively contrasting sediment on fields. Pedigreed to our Treasure Auction #3, lot #25. Estimate: $3,500-$4,750.

44. Bogotá, Colombia, cob 4 escudos, Ferdinand VI, assayer S (style of 1755-56), encapsulated NGC VF-35. S-B27a, KM27. Choice full cross (with distinctive ribbons) and shield, bold 4•S• to right, round and thick flan, nicely contrasting sediment on

fields. Estimate: $2,250-$3,500.

45. Bogotá, Colombia, cob 2 escudos, Philip IV, NR to left, II-R to right (early 1650s), from the Maravillas (1656). SChoice full cross and shield and crown, lustrous Mint State, desirable provenance. From the Maravillas (1656), with Sedwick photo-certificate from 2007. Estimate: $1,500-$2,250.

B21, KM-4.1. 6.7 grams.

46. Bogotá, Colombia, cob 2 escudos, 1689G, rare, encapsulated NGC VF-35.

S-B23, KM-14.1, CT-152. Full cross with bottom of all four digits of date in legend, full but slightly crude shield (rusty die?) with clear II•G and part of king’s name in legend, toned on fields. Pedigreed to the Lasser collection, with pedigree printed inside the slab. Estimate: $1,500-$2,250.

47. Bogotá, Colombia, cob 2 escudos, Charles II, assayer not visible, cut down to weight of a 1E. KM-14.1. 3.3 grams. Very odd little coin with details of pre-1700 Charles II (nearly full cross, most of shield) but with the periphery evidently chopped away in the just right amount to make this a 1E, also with some scratches near the edge, VF with toning on fields. Estimate: $500-$750.

48. Bogotá, Colombia, cob 2 escudos, posthumous Charles II, from the 1715 Fleet, encapsulated PCGS MS-62. S-B24, Broad flan with choice full cross and shield, lustrous and with sharp, high-grade details, well centered. From the 1715 Fleet. Estimate: $2,500-$3,750.

KM-14.2.

49. Bogotá, Colombia, cob 2 escudos, Charles II posthumous, from the 1715 Fleet. S-B24, KM-14.2. 6.7 grams. Full cross and shield on a thick, compact flan, Mint State or close to it. From the 1715 Fleet, with 2007 Sedwick photo-certificate. Estimate: $1,500$2,250.

50. Bogotá, Colombia, cob 2 escudos, 1712, from the 1715 Fleet. S-B24, KM-14.2, CT-15. 6.7 grams. Full date with bold 2, very broad flan with small edge-split, full but doubled shield and cross, AU with lots of dark staining from the sea, desirable certificate.

From the Rio Mar site (Echevez’ Capitana) of the 1715 Fleet, with Real Eight Co. certificate. Estimate: $2,500-$3,750.

51. Bogotá, Colombia, cob 2 escudos, 1713, with 3 punched over “backwards” 3 (unique), from the 1715 Fleet. S-B24, KM-14.2, CT-16. 6.8 grams. Interesting and unique issue with the 3 punched over a previous 3 that was rotated 180 degrees, which makes it look backwards, in a 100% full and bold date, also lustrous Mint State, big flan with nearly full cross and shield, desirable certificate. From the Rio Mar site (Echevez’ Capitana) of the 1715 Fleet, with Real Eight Co. certificate. Estimate: $3,000-$4,500.

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52. Bogotá, Colombia, cob 2 escudos, 1714, from the 1715 Fleet. S-B24, KM-14.2, CT-17. 6.8 grams. Big flan with full date, nearly full shield, doubled cross, Mint State with some spots of deep toning, desirable certificate. From the Rio Mar site (Echevez’ Capitana) of the 1715 Fleet, with Real Eight Co. certificate.

Estimate: $2,500-$3,750.

54. Bogotá, Colombia, cob 2 escudos, 1736M. S-B26, KM17.2, CT-392. 6.8 grams. Bold

17 and weak but certain 36 of date, crude tiny cross, full shield, XF but with areas of flatness.

Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

55. Bogotá, Colombia, cob 1 escudo, Charles II posthumous, from the 1715 Fleet. S-B24, KM-13. 3.3 grams.

Choice full cross, nearly full shield, AU- with subtle orange toning all over. From the 1715 Fleet, with Sedwick photo-certificate.

Estimate: $1,500-$2,250.

53. Bogotá, Colombia, cob 2 escudos, (1)729(S), mintmark F to left. S-B25b, KM-17.2, CT-384. 6.7 grams. Clear 29 of date above full cross and mintmark F (for Santa Fe) to left of well-detailed upper-left portion of shield that shows transposed lions and castles, compact-flan XF+ with old scratch below cross.

Estimate: $1,500-$2,250.

56. Bogotá, Colombia, cob 1 escudo, Philip V, assayer S (early 1720s), encapsulated NGC VF-30. S-B25, KM-22. Nice full cross, nearly full shield with bold S to right, which makes it odd that NGC attributed it to Charles II, also we would call it XF. Pedigreed to the Lasser collection, with pedigree printed inside slab.

Estimate: $1,250-$2,000.

Seville, Spain

59. Seville, Spain, cob 2 escudos, Philip III, assayer B, from the Atocha (1622), rare provenance. KM-20, CT-Type 19.

6.7 grams. Good full cross and shield, bold S mintmark, interesting edge, lightly toned XF, one of only about 100 gold cobs found on this wreck, all of which are highly coveted when accompanied by original certificates as this one is. From the Atocha (1622), with original Fisher photo-certificate #GC-59.

Estimate: $6,000-$9,000.

57. Seville, Spain, cob 8 escudos, Charles II, assayer S, scarce but crude, encapsulated NGC VF-20. KM-168.2, CTType 14. Very large and rustic coin with bold S•S to left, just above the king’s ordinal II in legend, full but very crude cross, a testament to the deterioration in quality under Charles II but oddly attractive to the true collector of cobs. (Note new slab with four prongs to enable edge-viewing.) Estimate: $3,500$5,000.

58. Seville, Spain, cob 2 escudos, 1612D.

60. Seville, Spain, cob 2 escudos, Philip III, assayer B, KM-20, CT-38. 6.7

choice. KM-20, CT-Type 19. 6.7 grams. Full flan with nice and complete shield and cross, bold S-B and denomination •II•, king’s ordinal III in legend, XF with light sediment in crevices.

Estimate: $750-$1,100.

grams. Bold

S-D and 6 of date (the rest clear too, just weaker), full but slightly crude cross and shield, VF. Estimate: $1,000$1,500.

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61. Seville, Spain, cob 2 escudos, Philip III, assayer B.

68. Seville, Spain, cob 2 escudos, Philip III, assayer V. KM-

KM-20, CT-Type 19. 6.6 grams. Full but crude cross and shield, full

20, CT-Type 21. 6.7 grams. Somewhat crude, with nearly full shield

S-B, flat and slightly bulged area above cross with cracks that could be evidence of a plug from long ago, AVF. Estimate: $600-$900.

and crown and cross, clear S-V, AXF with flat spots. Estimate: $600-$900.

69. Seville, Spain, cob 2 escudos, Philip III, assayer V. KM62. Seville, Spain, cob 2 escudos, Philip III, assayer D. Lustrous, lemon-yellow AU with full shield and cross, bold S-D, king’s ordinal III. Estimate: $600-$900.

KM-20, CT-Type 20. 6.7 grams.

20, CT-Type 21. 6.7 grams. Lustrous AU with choice full shield, nearly full crown and cross, bold assayer V, just a little off-center.

Estimate: $600-$900.

63. Seville, Spain, cob 2 escudos, Philip III, assayer D. Compact flan with full and wellcentered shield and cross, clear S-D, VF. Estimate: $600-$900.

KM-20, CT-Type 20. 6.7 grams.

64. Seville, Spain, cob 2 escudos, Philip III, assayer D. Lustrous AU with full shield and •S•D•, full but weak cross. Estimate: $600-$900.

KM-20, CT-Type 20. 6.7 grams.

65. Seville, Spain, cob 2 escudos, Philip III, assayer G.

70. Lot of 4 Seville, Spain, cob 2 escudos, Philip III,

KM-20, CT-Type 22. 6.7 grams. Oval-shaped AU, lustrous, with full

assayers not visible. KM-20. 6.7 to 6.8 grams each. All with full or nearly full crosses and shields, VF-XF, great for jewelry.

Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.

cross, nearly full shield, weak but certain assayer G. Estimate: $600-$900.

66. Seville, Spain, cob 2 escudos, Philip III, assayer V.

71. Seville, Spain, cob 2 escudos, Philip IV, assayer D. KM-

Full cross and shield, lustrous and high grade (AU), with full S-V. Estimate: $600-$900.

22.1, CT-Type 39. 6.7 grams.

KM-20, CT-Type 21. 6.7 grams.

Lustrous Mint State, with small full cross and most of shield, bold S-D above king’s ordinal IIII in legend (very close in style to the Philip III’s above). Estimate: $600-$900.

72. Seville, Spain, cob 1 escudo, Philip III, assayer B. KM48.1, CT-Type 29. 3.4 grams. Nearly full cross and shield, lightly toned

VF with flat area at top, clear S-B. Estimate: $600-$900.

67. Seville, Spain, cob 2 escudos, Philip III, assayer V, broad flan. KM-20, CT-Type 21. 6.7 grams. Extra large flan with full shield and cross (the latter slightly doubled), bold mintmark S but weak assayer V, lustrous UNC. Estimate: $600-$900.

73. Seville, Spain, cob 1 escudo, Philip III, assayer V. KMWorn Fine with dark sediment in crevices, nearly full shield and cross, some old (minor) scratches.

With Numismatic Treasures photo-certificate. Estimate: $500-$750.

48.1, CT-Type 29. 3.3 grams.

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WORLD GOLD COINS Brazil (colonial) 74. Rio, Brazil, 6400 reis, 1771. KM-172.2. 14.3 grams. Problemfree XF. Estimate: $800-$1,200.

Chile (colonial)

78. Santiago, Chile, 8 escudos, 1822FI. KM-84. 26.9 grams.

Lustrous AXF with the usual minor laminations. Estimate: $750-$1,100.

75. Santiago, Chile, bust 8 escudos, 1751J, from the Luz (1752), encapsulated NGC MS-62. KM-3, CT-72. Much better strike than usual, lustrous and problem-free. From the Luz (1752).

Estimate: $5,000-$7,500.

76. Santiago, Chile, bust 8 escudos, 1751J, from the Luz

79. Santiago, Chile, 8 escudos, 1836IJ, overstruck on a

(1752), encapsulated NGC MS-61. KM-3, CT-72. Typically weak centers, matte obverse but lustrous reverse with small lamination. (Note new slab with four prongs to enable edgeviewing.) From the Luz (1752). Estimate: $3,500-$5,000.

Santiago 8E of 1818-34, very rare. KM-93. 26.6 grams. Wellstruck VF with parts of the old design peeking through (most of FUERZA above DE CHILE in the legend). In 1835 Chile implemented a new design to commemorate the promulgation of a new constitution in 1833. In early 1836 officials discovered that some of the 8 escudos of the years 1826-30 of the previous type (1818-1834, KM-84), which were still legal tender, were found to be counterfeit and were recalled for melting. In the process the genuine coins that were turned in for examination were overstruck with the new design, and in fact Santiago’s mint records from 1836 document the overstriking of 2400 pesos in that year (and only in that year), an amount equal to just 150 coins. Surviving examples of these coins number fewer than 10, and in Calicó’s La Onza book the plated example is stated as unique and valued at 4000 Euros, an overstatement of rarity to be sure, but perhaps accurate in terms of value.

Estimate: $1,800-$2,500.

Chile (Republic)

77. Santiago, Chile, 8 escudos, 1819FD.

KM-84. 26.8 grams.

Lustrous VF with scratch in center above mountains, slightly crude edge. Estimate: $800-$1,200.

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80. Santiago, Chile, 8 escudos, 1850LA. KM-105. 26.9 grams. 81. Santiago, Chile, 10 pesos, 1852. KM-123. 15.3 grams. Slightly Lightly cleaned AXF with minor rim-bump. Estimate: $800$1,200.

off-center VF+. Estimate: $450-$600.

Colombia (colonial)

85. Popayán, Colombia, bust 2 escudos, Charles III, 82. Popayán, Colombia, bust 8 escudos, Charles III,

1776SF, desirable date. KM-49.2, CT-506. 6.7 grams. Lustrous XF+ with slightly weak bust, minor scratches. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $400-$600.

1774JS, from an unidentified shipwreck. KM-50.2, CT-125. 27.0 grams. AU or even UNC details but with matte fields and sediment and a few minor pecks that prove its salvage origin, which was probably either McKee’s mysterious “Pitch Barrel wreck” or the 1815 San Pedro de Alcántara off Venezuela, or possibly some other wreck off Colombia. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $1,250-$2,000.

86. Bogotá, Colombia, bust 2 escudos, Charles III, 1779JJ, choice high grade. KM-49.1, CT-557. 6.7 grams. Choice AU, lustrous, no problems. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection.

Estimate: $350-$500.

87. Popayán, Colombia, bust 1 escudo, Charles III, 1772JS, 83. Popayán, Colombia, bust 8 escudos, Charles III, encapsulated NGC MS-60. KM-48.2, CT-671. Highly lustrous, 1776SF, desirable date. KM-50.2, CT-129. 26.9 grams. Lustrous XF, slightly crude rim (as made). Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection.

Estimate: $1,250-$2,000.

perfect strike. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $325$475.

88. Popayán, Colombia, bust 1 escudo, Charles III, 1776SF, desirable date. KM-48.2, CT-675. 3.3 grams. Lustrous AVF with weak bust, black specks in crevices. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

89. Popayán, Colombia, bust 1 84. Popayán, Colombia, bust 4 escudos, Ferdinand VI, 1758J, nice grade. KM-31.2, CT-116. 13.5 grams. Lustrous AU with slightly weak bust, lightly buffed fields, very scarce type. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $2,500-$3,750.

escudo, Charles III, 1779SF. KM48.2, CT-678. 3.4 grams. Lightly polished AXF, nice strike. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $175-$275.

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Colombia (Republic)

90. Bogotá, Colombia, 8 escudos, 1823JF, encapsulated ANACS AU-50 details (cleaned). KM-82.1. Beautifully red-toned XF+ with natural surfaces (despite what the slab says), nice strike and no problems. Estimate: $900-$1,300.

91. Popayán, Colombia, 1 escudo, 1825FM. KM-81.2, R-162.5. 3.5 grams. Problem-free Fine, possible overdate. Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection. Estimate: $80-$120.

92. Bogotá, Colombia, 1 peso, 1825JF. KM-84, R-160.1. 1.7 grams. Holed and polished VF, size of a half escudo. Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

93. Popayán, Colombia, 20 pesos, 1869. KM-142.3. 32.2 grams. Problem-free AXF with no more marks than normal for the grade. Estimate: $800-$1,200.

Cuba 94. Cuba (struck in Philadelphia), 20 pesos, 1915, José Martí, encapsulated NGC AU-58. KM-21. Very lustrous, just a few contact marks here and there, curiously minted in the U.S. using dies engraved by Charles Barber. This coin was very popular in the mid-1970s after a proof specimen was sold by Christensen for $40,000, the record at the time for the highest price ever paid at auction for a Latin American gold coin, and the same coin soon escalated to six figures by a subsequent owner, while another was offered at auction by Almanzar estimated at $20,000. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

95. Cuba (struck in Philadelphia), 10 pesos, 1915, José Martí, encapsulated NGC AU-58. KM-20. Very lustrous, just a few contact marks here and there. The 10 pesos of this type were struck in the U.S. on the same blanks used for U.S. $10 Indians using dies engraved by Charles Barber. Estimate: $400-$600.

96. Cuba (struck in Philadelphia), 10 pesos, 1916, José Martí, encapsulated NGC AU-58. KM-20. Very lustrous, just a few contact marks here and there. The 10 pesos of this type were struck in the U.S. on the same blanks used for U.S. $10 Indians using dies engraved by Charles Barber. Estimate: $300-$450.

97. Cuba (struck in Philadelphia), 5 pesos, 1915, José Martí, encapsulated NGC AU-58. KM-19. Very lustrous, just a few contact marks here and there. The 5 pesos of this type were struck in the U.S. on the same blanks used for U.S. $5 Indians using dies engraved by Charles Barber. Estimate: $200-$300.

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98. Cuba (struck in Philadelphia), 5 pesos, 1916, José 100. Cuba (struck in Philadelphia), 4 pesos, 1916, José Martí, encapsulated NGC AU-58. KM-19. Very lustrous, just a few contact marks here and there. The 5 pesos of this type were struck in the U.S. on the same blanks used for U.S. $5 Indians using dies engraved by Charles Barber. Estimate: $200$300.

Martí, encapsulated NGC MS-61. KM-18. Highly lustrous, bagmarks only, minted in the U.S. using dies engraved by Charles Barber. Estimate: $300-$450.

101. Cuba (struck in Philadelphia), 2 pesos, 1915, José Martí, encapsulated NGC AU-58. KM-17. Very lustrous, just

99. Cuba (struck in Philadelphia), 4 pesos, 1915, José a few contact marks here and there, minted in the U.S. using Martí, encapsulated NGC AU-53. KM-18. Very lustrous, just a few contact marks here and there, minted in the U.S. using dies engraved by Charles Barber. Estimate: $700-$1,000.

dies engraved by Charles Barber. Estimate: $200-$300.

102. Cuba (struck in Philadelphia), 2 pesos, 1916, José Martí, encapsulated NGC AU-58. KM-17. Very lustrous, just a few contact marks here and there, minted in the U.S. using dies engraved by Charles Barber. Estimate: $150-$225.

103. Cuba (struck in Philadelphia), peso, 1915, José Martí, encapsulated NGC MS-62. KM-16. Gemlike luster, no marks that we can see, minted in the U.S. using dies engraved by Charles Barber, desirable pedigree. Pedigreed to the Brand collection, the pedigree printed in the slab. Estimate: $350-$500.

Ecuador 104. Quito, Ecuador, 8 escudos, 1852/0GJ.

KM-34.1. 27.0

grams. Lightly toned XF with two minor rim flaws, popular issue.

Estimate: $5,000-$7,500.

French West Indies 105. French West Indies (?), fleur-de-lis countermark on a Brazilian 6400 reis, 1791-R. KM-226.1 (host). 14.2 grams. Host coin lustrous AU with super fine detail, unique countermark behind head not fully attributed, possibly a French West Indies merchant mark of some sort, undoubtedly rare and highly desired by West Indies collectors. Estimate: $3,000-$4,000.

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Great Britain

106. London, England, sovereign, Victoria (young head), 1852, from the Douro (1882). Sp-3852C, KM-736.1. 7.9 grams.

Lustrous UNC, no problems. From the Douro (1882), with Spink lot card and flyer. Estimate: $350-$500.

107. London, England, sovereign, Victoria (young head), 1855, from the Douro (1882). Sp-3852D, KM-736.1. 7.9 grams. AU or nearly so, good luster. From the Douro (1882), with Spink lot card and flyer. Estimate: $325-$475.

111. London, England, sovereign, Edward VII, 1906, from the Egypt (1922), with vintage postcard showing the ship.

Sp-3969, KM-805. 7.9 grams. VF-XF with lots of crud and staining from the sea, popular provenance. From the Egypt (1922).

Estimate: $400-$600.

108. London, England, sovereign, Victoria (young head), 1857, from the Douro (1882), encapsulated NGC AU-55.

Sp-3852D, KM-736.1. Lustrous, with some red stains on back to prove its provenance. From the Douro (1882). Estimate: $300$450.

109. London, England, sovereign, Victoria (young head),

112. London, England, sovereign, George V, 1915, choice,

1860, from the Douro (1882). Sp-3852D, KM-736.1. 7.9 grams. AXF, no problems. From the Douro (1882), with Spink lot card and flyer.

Estimate: $275-$400.

lustrous Mint State from the Egypt (1922). Sp-3996, KM-820.

8.0 grams. Bright and highly lustrous Mint State, a few nicks and marks from salvage but otherwise quite choice for this popular provenance. From the Egypt (1922). Estimate: $700-$1,000.

113. Perth, Australia, sovereign, George V, 1919-P, with two North African (Arabic) countermarks. Sp-4001, KM-29.

7.9 grams. Cleaned AU with unattributed countermarks below chin and neck, very curious and possibly rare and valuable.

Estimate: $300-$450.

110. London, England, sovereign, Victoria (young head), 1861, from the Douro (1882). Sp-3852D, KM-736.1. 7.9 grams.

Lustrous AU, rather nice. From the Douro (1882), with Spink lot card and flyer. Estimate: $325-$475.

Please place absentee bids at www.iCollector.com/sedwick (use the bid sheet at the end of this catalog for fax or mail bids)

Any questions? Please email us at info@sedwickcoins.com or call (407) 975-3325

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Mexico (colonial)

114. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 escudos, Philip V, 1733F, very rare, choice grade, from the 1733 Fleet. KM-148, CT-123.

From a highly celebrated find of 5 specimens by Jack Haskins and D.L. Chaney in the late 1970s on the San José of the 1733 Fleet, this example is highly lustrous, just shy of Mint State but fully original and beautiful. One of the classics of Spanish colonial numismatics, a far inferior sister-coin from the same find was touted in 1979 by Almanzar as “a king in numismatics” and realized $26,660, a near-record price at the time (30 years ago). We can account for the other 3 known specimens from the same find as follows: One is pictured on page 153 of Weller’s Galleon Alley (2001); one was featured in the 4th-quarter 2002 issue of PLVS VLTRA newsletter; and the third one was sold by Dan Sedwick to a private collector in 2000. (The whereabouts of up to 5 other reported specimens, not necessarily from the 1733 Fleet, are unknown.) The current piece has only recently come out of hiding and has every right to achieve greater than Almanzar’s 1979 record. To our knowledge it is also the only one in a PCGS holder. From the 1733 Fleet and accompanied by a special certificate from Lou Ullian. Estimate: $15,000-up.

115. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 escudos, Ferdinand VII transitional (“armored bust”), 1812JJ. CT-42, KM-160, CT-50.

26.7 grams. Scarce type, AXF with weak spots due to slightly uneven flan. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

116. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 2 escudos, Charles III, 1780FF, mint and initials facing inward. KM-130.2, CT-483.

6.7 grams. Well-struck XF, no problems. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $350-$500.

Mexico (Republic) 117. Durango, Mexico, 8 escudos, 1834RM. grams. AXF

KM-383.3. 26.8

with a few light marks, nothing drastic. Estimate: $1,500-$2,000.

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Netherlands (United)

118. Utrecht, United Netherlands, ducat, 1724, Mint State, from the Akerendam (1725). KM-7. 3.4 grams. Typically lustrous Mint State, with full knight’s head and full legends (better than most). From the Akerendam (1725). Estimate: $450-$675.

119. Utrecht, United Netherlands, ducat, 1729, Mint State, from the Vliegenthart (1735). KM-7. 3.5 grams. Lustrous Mint State with full knight’s head, one of the better coins from this wreck. From the Vliegenthart (1735), with certificate and custom clamshell case. Estimate: $500-$750.

120. Utrecht, United Netherlands, ducat, 1729, Mint State, from the Vliegenthart (1735). KM-7. 3.5 grams. Lustrous Mint State with full knight’s head, one of the better coins from this wreck. From the Vliegenthart (1735), with certificate and custom clamshell case. Estimate: $500-$750.

Paraguay

121. Paraguay (Republic, War of the Triple Alliance), cut 4 pesos fuertes (1866-69), Francisco Solano Lopez, quartercut section of a Spanish colonial Charles IV 8 escudos with countermark “4” in corner of the cut and diagonal reeding applied on the cut surfaces, one of 2 known. KM-E2. 6.7 grams. While the quarter-cut silver coins (cut from Bolivian 4 soles) are well known from this period, the cut gold coins are so rare as to be represented by just two known examples, of which this is arguably the finer. The War of the Triple Alliance (1864-70), so-called for the alliance of Brazil, Uruguay and Argentina against Paraguay over economic issues and boundary disputes and the over-ambitious policies of the Paraguayan president/dictator Solano López, is considered one of the bloodiest wars in all of South America and resulted in the loss of about half of the Paraguayan territory and male population. Curiously, in order to make gold coins during the war, Paraguayan women donated their wedding rings to the cause, but also Spanish colonial portrait 8 escudos were cut down and marked. These cut coins, however, were outlawed in 1872 and nearly completely eradicated, with the exception of only the 2 known examples, which are cited in references as far back as 1866 (presumably when they were made) by the collector and owner Manuel José de Guerrico (the other known specimen is in the Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes). The host coin is a nicely toned XF, and the countermark is virtually Uncirculated (as we must assume the coin did not circulate after it was acquired in 1866), with old scratches above the countermark. Plate Coin in KM and pedigreed to the Louis Hudson collection. Estimate: $12,500-up.

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Peru (colonial)

122. Lima, Peru, bust 8 escudos, Charles III (scarce “rat nose” type), 1769JM. KM-73, CT-18. 26.9 grams. XF with trace of luster around letters, slightly off-center strike and adjustment marks at about 9 o’clock on the reverse, also cleaning and minor repair on obverse (face and fields). Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.

123. Lima, Peru, bust 8 escudos, Charles III, 1772JM, first date of type, rare variety with assayer to left and mintmark to right. KM-82.2, CT-24. 27.0 grams. Lustrous XF, off-center strike, minor natural planchet flaw in front of face, rare early issue but its value over-estimated in CT. Estimate: $1,500-$2,250.

124. Lima, Peru, bust 8 escudos, Charles III, 1774MJ, encapsulated PCGS AU-58. KM-82.1, CT-29. Well-struck and beautiful and lustrous, with just a few too many marks in the fields to make Mint State. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection.

Estimate: $1,500-$2,250.

Portugal 125. Lisbon, Portugal, 4 escudos, 1778. KM-271. 14.3 grams.

Lightly rose-toned XF with a few old scratches (nothing too distracting). Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

Spain

127. Madrid, Spain, bust 2 escudos, Charles III, 1773PJ,

126. Madrid, Spain, bust 4 escudos, Charles III, 1787DV, encapsulated PCGS AU-58. KM-418.1a, CT-313. Technically perfect but with slight evidence of wear. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $700-$1,000.

encapsulated PCGS AU-55. KM-417.1, CT-446. Lustrous and bright yellow with some field marks per the grade and flatness on shoulder and cheek that were probably misinterpreted as wear. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $350-$500.

128. Madrid, Spain, bust 2 escudos, Charles III, 1774PJ, encapsulated PCGS AU-58. KM-417.1, CT-447. Lustrous and bright yellow with some field marks per the conservative grade.

Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $350-$500.

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129. Madrid, Spain, bust 2 escudos, Charles III, 1776/4PJ, desirable date. KM-unlisted (cf. 417.1), CT-unlisted (cf. 449). 6.7 grams.

Problem-free AXF with clear overdate, faint red toning around letters. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $275-$400.

130. Madrid, Spain, bust 2 escudos, Charles III, 1776PJ, desirable date. KM-417.1, CT-449. 6.7 grams. Attractively red-toned AXF, no problems, all details rather bold for the grade. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $275-$400.

131. Madrid, Spain, bust 2 escudos, Charles III, 1776PJ, desirable date. KM-417.1, CT-449. 6.5 grams. Problem-free AVF. With Treasures of Maryland photo-certificate. Estimate: $200-$300.

132. Madrid, Spain, bust 2 escudos, Charles III, 1788M. KM-417.1a, CT-459. 6.7 grams. Nice AU, no problems. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $350-$500.

133. Cadiz, Spain, bust 2 escudos, Ferdinand VII, 1813CJ. KM-468, CT-183. 6.6 grams. Deeply copper-toned AVF, no problems Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $225-$325.

134. Madrid, Spain, bust 1 escudo, Charles IV, 1798MF, encapsulated NGC MS-63. KM-434, CT-497. Very choice and highly lustrous, quite lovely. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

135. Madrid, Spain, bust 1/2 escudo, Charles III, 1776PJ, desirable date. KM-415.1, CT-770. 1.7 grams. Problem-free VF. With NumisTreasure photo-certificate. Estimate: $150-$225.

136. Madrid, Spain, bust 1/2 escudo, Charles III, 1776PJ, desirable date. contrasting toning. With NumisTreasure photo-certificate. Estimate: $150-$225.

United States of America 137. USA, Coronet $20, 1856-S, encapsulated PCGS MS65 (20A Spiked Shield), from the S.S. Central America (1857). KM-74.1. Frosty and lustrous, just a few tiny nicks away from top grade, housed in its original PCGS holder with golden tag (worth more than re-slabbed specimens of same grade) and desirable Thompson certificate. Be sure to see the Justh & Hunter gold ingot from this wreck in Session III of this auction.

From the S.S. Central America (1857) with California Gold Marketing Group promotional display box with certificate signed by Tommy Thompson. Estimate: $7,500-$11,500.

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KM-415.1, CT-770. 1.7 grams.

AVF with nicely

138. USA, Coronet $20, 1856-S, encapsulated PCGS MS- 141. USA, commemorative restrike 1857/0 Baldwin & 65 (20A Spiked Shield), from the S.S. Central America (1857). KM-74.1. Frosty and lustrous, just a few tiny nicks away from top grade, housed in its original PCGS holder with golden tag (worth more than re-slabbed specimens of same grade).

Be sure to see the Justh & Hunter gold ingot from this wreck in Session III of this auction. From the S.S. Central America (1857) with California Gold Marketing Group promotional display box.

Estimate: $7,500-$11,500.

Company 49er Horseman $10 (struck in 2002), encapsulated PCGS Deep Cameo Proof, made from gold from the S.S. Central America (1857). Exact reproduction made from Justh & Hunter ingot #4258 from the wreck (as stamped on the coin) but with “2002 S.S. Central America” below the eagle and date as “1857/0.” Be sure to see the Justh & Hunter gold ingot from this wreck in Session III of this auction. With Columbus-America Discovery Group promotional display and certificate signed by Bob Evans. Estimate: $600-$900.

139. USA, commemorative restrike 1855 Kellogg & 142. USA, Coronet $20, 1896-S, PCGS MS-61.

Company $50 (struck September 3, 2001), encapsulated PCGS Gem Proof, made from gold from the S.S. Central America (1857). A big slug of gold from one of the huge Kellogg ingots from the wreck, made in exact reproduction of the 1855 original but with 2001 striking date stamped above eagle. Be sure to see the Justh & Hunter gold ingot from this wreck in Session III of this auction. With California Historical Society promotional display box. Estimate: $2,500-$3,750.

KM-74.3.

Desirable old PCGS “green tag,” the coin a lovely lustrous golden color with minor marks in field. Estimate: $900-$1,200.

143. USA, Coronet $20, 1897, PCGS MS-62. KM-74.3. Frosty and with considerable luster, minor marks in fields. Estimate: $1,000-$1,300.

140. USA, commemorative restrike 1857/0 Baldwin & Company 49er Horseman $10 (str uck in 2002), encapsulated PCGS Deep Cameo Proof, made from gold from the S.S. Central America (1857). Exact reproduction made from Justh & Hunter ingot #4282 from the wreck (as stamped on the coin) but with “2002 S.S. Central America” below the eagle and date as “1857/0.” Be sure to see the Justh & Hunter gold ingot from this wreck in Session III of this auction. With California Historical Society promotional display box and certificate signed by Bob Evans. Estimate: $600-$900.

144. USA, Coronet $20, 1899, NGC MS-62. KM-74.3. Blemishfree reverse, bagmarks in obverse fields, frosty and lustrous.

Estimate: $1,000-$1,300.

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145. USA, Coronet $20, 1899-S, PCGS MS-61. KM-74.3.

Desirable old PCGS “green tag,” the coin a lovely lustrous golden color with some lighter areas, some old marks. Estimate: $1,000-$1,300.

146. USA, St. Gaudens $20, 1907, PCGS MS-66, rare grade.

Highly desirable grade for the date, typically lustrous and perfect (a few trivial marks only), golden yellow color alternating with lighter spots. Estimate: $4,000-$6,000.

KM-127.

147. USA, Coronet $10, 1894, PCGS AU-58 KM-102. No wear but plenty of bagmarks, frosty gray color around details.

Estimate: $500-$750.

SHIPWRECK COINS (ALL SILVER UNLESS STATED OTHERWISE) Unidentified ca.-1554 wreck off Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic

148. Mexico, 4 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,”

149. Mexico, 4 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,”

mintmark M to left, assayer R to right, rare. S-M7, KM-18, CT-90. 13.2 grams. Broad, round flan with nearly full legends, nice inner details, no doubling, very light corrosion only in spots.

Estimate: $350-$500.

mintmark M to left, assayer A to right, scarce. S-M6, KM-18, CT-79. 11.5 grams. Deeply toned and with full details (including legends) on a complete, round flan, light but even corrosion.

Estimate: $250-$375.

Please visit our website at www.SedwickCoins.com or watch and bid LIVE at www.iCollector.com/sedwick

Want to see your collection here? Consign to our Treasure Auction #7 (spring, 2010), deadline January 31 41

Santiago, sunk in 1585 on the Bassas da India atoll between Mozambique and Madagascar (east of Africa)

150. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip II, assayer F on both sides of shield (unique). S-M12. 21.6 grams. First specimen we have ever seen with assayer F on both sides of the shield, with oMF to left and 8-F to right, full shield and cross, the latter of the same style as the F-oD joint issue of circa 1600, moderate corrosion and big black spot covering shield. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

151. Seville, Spain, cob 8 reales, Philip II, assayer Gothic P at 4 o’clock outside reverse tressure. CT-235. 25.9 grams.

Smallish planchet with the cross and shield nevertheless full, most of crown, darkly toned, some flatness but no corrosion.

Estimate: $150-$225.

Unidentified ca.-1590 wreck off the Yucatán peninsula of Mexico 152. Lima, Peru, cob 8 reales, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, *-8 (flat-top) to left, P-oD to right. S-L4, KM-14, CT-148. 20.9 grams. Nice full shield and crown, full and welldetailed cross despite heavy edge corrosion (small bits missing), silvery from cleaning. With Sedwick photo-certificate from 2006.

Estimate: $350-$500.

“Rill Cove wreck,” sunk ca. 1618 off Cornwall, England

153. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip II, oMF. S- 154. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip II, assayer Full shield and cross, thick and solid flan, full oMF, toned, no corrosion. Estimate: $125-$200.

M12, KM-43, CT-154. 23.0 grams.

not visible. KM-43. 25.0 grams. Nice full cross, full but corroded shield, king’s ordinal II visible, curious “o” between words in legend. Estimate: $125-$200.

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155. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip II or III,

156. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip II or III, oMF to left, rare error with quadrants of cross transposed.

20.7 grams. Full shield and oMF, full cross with quadrants transposed (rare), lightly toned and with light corrosion all over.

Estimate: $350-$500.

(oMF) to left, 8-oD to right (rare dual assayer). S-M14 or 14a. 21.9 grams. Rare and popular issue with two assayer marks, this variety with (F) to left and oD to right, full but lightly corroded shield, good full cross with distinctive lions. Estimate: $350-$500.

“Wild Horse River wreck,” sunk ca. 1620 in the Río de la Plata off Colonia, Uruguay

157. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip III, P-R (Ramos). S-P15, KM-8. 6.7 grams. Typically round and concave, with full shield and crown and cross, muddled assayer, some weak spots but no corrosion, rare provenance. Estimate: $125-$200.

158. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip III, P-R (Ramos). S-P15, KM-8. 6.5 grams. Broad flan with full and well-detailed shield, full P-R, bold denomination, full but slightly doubled cross, lightly toned, no corrosion. Estimate: $125-$200.

159. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, Philip III, assayer not visible. KM-7. 3.3 grams. Full but partially flat cross and shield, gold/red toning on fields, no corrosion. With Sedwick photo-certificate. Estimate: $100-$150.

Atocha, sunk in 1622 west of Key West, Florida Selections from the Atocha Research Collection 160. Mexico City, Mexico, 2 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” mintmark oM to left, assayer O to right. S-M10, KM-12, CT-121. 6.3 grams. Totally (and amazingly) corrosion-free, with bold legends, some flatness in centers, also with unique spelling error IDIARVM (no N). Pedigreed to the Atocha Research Collection, with special Fisher photo-certificate #85A-236016. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

161. Mexico City, Mexico, 2 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” mintmark oM to left, assayer O to right, Plate Coin in Research Collection catalog. SM10, KM-12, CT-121. 5.7 grams. Nice full shield and pillars, bold oM and O, with corrosion just around edge (small bits missing), pristine elsewhere. Pedigreed to the Atocha Research Collection, with special Fisher photo-certificate #85A-236331, Plate Coin #1. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

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162. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip III, oMF. S- 164. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, 1615F, extremely Very solid coin with good full cross, bold oMF, most of shield practically no corrosion, nicely toned. Pedigreed to the Atocha Research Collection, with special Fisher photo-certificate #85A-221447. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

M12a, KM-44.1, CT-97. 25.0 grams.

rare (unlisted). S-M17. 12.7 grams. Broad flan with clear 161 of date followed by the bottom base of a 5 (comparison with dated 8R of the period prove the style), full shield and cross (particularly nice castles), full oMF, very minor corrosion, nicely toned. Pedigreed to the Atocha Research Collection, with special Fisher photo-certificate #85A-237104. Estimate: $1,500-$2,250.

163. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 2 reales, Philip III, oMA/ F, scarce, Plate Coin in Research Collection catalog. SBold mintmark-assayer with clear A/F, choice full shield and cross, nicely toned, trace of corrosion near edge only. Pedigreed to the Atocha Research Collection, with special Fisher photo-certificate #85A-237721, Plate Coin #167. Estimate: $1,000$1,500.

M16. 6.2 grams.

165. Lima, Peru, cob 8 reales, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, P-8 (flat top) to left, *-oD to right, superb. S-L4, KM-14, CT-147. 27.0 grams. Arguably the choicest specimen from this wreck, with 100% full inner details and legends, also full crown, totally corrosion-free and nicely toned, just a bit doubled on either side of the shield and with strange flan crack in middle of the shield only. Pedigreed to the Atocha Research Collection, with special Fisher photo-certificate #85A-236105. Estimate: $3,000$4,500.

166. Lima, Peru, cob 4 reales, Philip II, Diego de la Torre, 4-P to left, oD-* to right, superb, Plate Coin in Research Collection catalog. S-L4, KM-11, CT-320. 13.4 grams. Perfect all over, with full inner details and legends and crown, nicely toned, no corrosion. Pedigreed to the Atocha Research Collection, with special Fisher photo-certificate #85A-237851, Plate Coin #81. Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.

167. Lima, Peru, cob 2 reales, Philip II, assayer Rinc贸n, motto as PL-VSV-TR, choice. S-L1, KM-8, CT-479. 6.4 grams.

Totally corrosion-free and nicely struck (full shield and pillars), bold assayer and denomination and mintmark, just a bit worn but attractively toned. Pedigreed to the Atocha Research Collection, with special Fisher photo-certificate #85A-236334. Estimate: $1,500$2,750.

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168. Lima, Peru, cob 1 real, Philip II, Diego de la Torre, *-I to left, P-(oD) to right, Plate Coin in Research Collection catalog. S-L4, KM-7, CT-634. 2.7 grams. Thin and round as usual, and also typically well detailed, with particularly nice shield and cross, very light corrosion near part of edge only, very rare denomination and additionally desirable as (1) Diego de la Torre, (2) Research Collection and (3) Plate Coin in the catalog! Pedigreed to the Atocha Research Collection, with special Fisher photo-certificate #85A236923, Plate Coin #110. Estimate: $1,250-$2,000.

169. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip II, P-B (1st period, “Lima Style”),” choice, Plate Coin in Research Collection catalog. S-P4, KM-5.1, CT-139 (under Lima). 26.7 grams. Huge flan (basically a “Great Module” but earlier) with choice full legends (loaded with commas, but also with the letters poorly spaced), full shield and cross and crown, bold P-B and denomination, no corrosion, elegantly toned. Pedigreed to the Atocha Research Collection, with special Fisher photo-certificate #85A-237784, Plate Coin #130. Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.

171. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III (ordinal visible), P-B (5th period), Plate Coin in Research Collection catalog. S-P14a, KM-10, CT-121. 25.2 grams. Odd-shaped flan with full crown and shield and cross, bold P-B, minimal corrosion on part of shield only, lightly toned. Pedigreed to the Atocha Research Collection, with special Fisher photo-certificate #85A180506, Plate Coin #172. Estimate: $1,250-$2,000.

172. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III, P-box-T, denomination o-V-III (3 separate lines), lions rotated in cross, Plate Coin in Research Collection catalog. S-P21, KM10. 25.8 grams. Very strange and well-preserved coin with 6 uneven sides (thick flan), full shield with big P mintmark above solid box to left, denomination O-V-III to left, also full cross with quadrants transposed and lions rotated clockwise 90 degrees from normal, no corrosion at all. Pedigreed to the Atocha Research Collection, with special Fisher photo-certificate #85A-236896, Plate Coin #228. Estimate: $1,250-$2,000.

170. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip II, P-B (5th period), borders of boxes, choice. S-P14, KM-5.5. 26.2 grams.

Super full shield, full but doubled cross, minimal corrosion (on part of cross only), lightly toned. Pedigreed to the Atocha Research Collection, with special Fisher photo-certificate #85A-237524.

Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

173. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, Philip II, P-L to left, choice, Plate Coin in Research Collection catalog. S-P3, KM-4.2, CT-321 (under Lima). 12.8 grams. Choice details all over, with much legend, full crown and shield and cross, perfect P-L, nicely toned, with just a hint of corrosion around the edge. Pedigreed to the Atocha Research Collection, with special Fisher photo-certificate #85A-237850, Plate Coin #61. Estimate: $1,250-$2,000.

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174. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, Philip II, P-A, choice, Plate Coin in Research Collection catalog. S-P11, KM-4.2, CT-346.

Nice full shield and cross, assayer appears to be A/A, hint of corrosion around edge, nicely toned. Pedigreed to the Atocha Research Collection, with special Fisher photo-certificate #85A-237396, Plate Coin #116. Estimate: $1,250-$2,000.

13.4 grams.

175. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, Philip II, P-B (4th period). S-P12, KM-4.2. 9.6 grams. Nice full shield and crown, full but corroded cross, muddled mintmark-assayer, good toning. Pedigreed to the Atocha Research Collection, with special Fisher photo-certificate #85A-236588. Estimate: $800-$1,200.

176. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip II, P-R (Rincón) to left, choice, Plate Coin in Research Collection catalog. SP1, KM-3.2, CT-485 (under Lima). 6.6 grams. Typically choice detail all over (but a very atypical coin for the Atocha!), particularly the full

shield and cross and crown, also bold P-R and much legend, attractively toned, truly one of the choicest coins we have ever seen from this wreck and additionally desirable as the first issue struck at this mint. Pedigreed to the Atocha Research Collection, with special Fisher photo-certificate #85A-236076, Plate Coin #15. Estimate: $1,500-$2,250.

177. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip II, P-L/erasure to left. S-P9, KM-3.2. 6.1 grams. Nice full shield, good full cross (very slightly doubled), clear P-L with mess under the L, much legend, light corrosion around edge, good toning. Pedigreed to the Atocha Research Collection, with special Fisher photo-certificate #85A-236066. Estimate: $800-$1,200.

178. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip III, P-Q, choice, Plate Coin in Research Collection catalog. S-P17, KM-8, CT-353.

6.7 grams. Very

well-preserved specimen of a fairly common type, with choice full shield and cross (the former slightly doubled and the latter off-center), king’s name and ordinal (PH)ILIPVS III with backwards S in legend, full assayer Q that at first appears to be punched over another letter, but not over an R or a C (the only possibilities), very attractively toned. Pedigreed to the Atocha Research Collection, with special Fisher photo-certificate #85A-151018, Plate Coin #183. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

179. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, Philip II, P-R (Rincón) to right, rare and choice, Plate Coin in Research Collection catalog. S-P1, KM-2.1, CT-638. 3.0 grams. In addition to the usually fine details (full shield and cross), this coin has the most complete and beautiful crown imaginable, along with much legend and a bold I to left and P-R to right, nicely toned, a rare denomination from this wreck in uniquely choice condition and also the scarce first issue of this mint. Pedigreed to the Atocha Research Collection, with special Fisher photo-certificate #85A-237720, Plate Coin #17. Estimate: $1,500-$2,250.

180. Seville, Spain, cob 8 reales, Philip II, assayer F outside tressure (very rare). CT-237. 21.9 grams. Very full and welldetailed shield with bold S to left and oVIII to right, also nice full cross (just a bit doubled) with very full and clear assayer F (catalog value of 1200 Euros in Calicó!), corrosion around edge (pieces missing) but pristine interiors, nicely toned. Pedigreed to the Atocha Research Collection, with special Fisher photo-certificate #85A-237235. Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.

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181. Toledo, Spain, cob 8 reales, 1621P (full date), rare. CTChoice full shield with clear assayer to left, full but doubled cross with complete date above, big and solid flan despite light corrosion, good toning. Pedigreed to the Atocha Research Collection, with special Fisher photo-certificate #85A-236782.

Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

199. 23.8 grams.

Mexico City, Mexico, cobs

182. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, (16)21/0, oMD, scarce, Grade 1. S-M18, CT-118. 25.7 grams. Full 2/1 of date, good full cross, nearly full shield, clear oMD, some flatness but no corrosion, nicely toned. With original Fisher certificate #134679.

Estimate: $325-$475.

184. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, (162)2/1, oMD, scarce, Grade 1. S-M18a, KM-45, CT-310. 25.8 grams. Good full shield and crown and cross, full final digit of date (certain overdate), light corrosion and flat areas around edge. With original Fisher certificate #218867. Estimate: $350-$500.

183. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, (1)622/1, oMD 185. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip III, (oM)D, (bold), scarce, very choice Grade 1. S-M18a, KM-45, CT-310.

26.2 grams. Incredibly choice full cross and shield, super bold oMD and 8 (made from two distinct 0’s), clear 162 of date (weak final digit, overdate assumed), king’s ordinal (I)II (posthumous), 100% corrosion-free and attractively toned. With original Fisher certificate #216019. Estimate: $700-$1,000.

Grade 1 (Grade-2 quality). S-M18, KM-44.3. 18.3 grams. Full cross and shield (the latter doubled) but with moderate to heavy corrosion all over, weak assayer but bold denomination, parts of edge crude. With original Fisher certificate #221220. Estimate: $225-$325.

186. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip III, oMD, Grade 1. S-M18, KM-37.2. 13.2 grams. Big and solid flan with nice full shield, good but off-center cross, no corrosion but much peripheral flatness. With original Fisher certificate #191325.

Estimate: $300-$450.

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187. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip III, oMD, Grade 1. S-M18, KM-37.2. 12.7 grams. Full shield and cross, bold denomination 4, weak oMD, light corrosion only. With original Fisher certificate #153089. Estimate: $300-$450.

188. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip III, oMD, Grade 2. S-M18, KM-37.2. 10.6 grams. Interesting shape with full cross and shield, clear oM, lightly toned, no corrosion but part of edge lost, but with better detail than some Grade 1’s. With Fisher certificate #221799. Estimate: $200-$300.

Potosí, Bolivia, cobs

189. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip II, assayer RL, Grade 1. S-P13, KM-5.1, CT-159. 26.2 grams. Choice full crown, bold P-RL (oddly with more separation between the letters than usual), nearly full shield and cross (the latter slightly doubled), minor corrosion only. With original Fisher certificate #211621.

Estimate: $350-$500.

(curved leg), Grade 2 (Grade-1 quality). S-P15, KM-10, CTshield and cross (slightly doubled), full P-R, solid and nearly corrosion-free, just a little crude. With Fisher insert-tag #209757 (certificate missing). Estimate: $125-$200.

190. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III (ordinal

192. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayer Q,

visible), assayer B (5th period), rare, Grade 1. S-P14a, KM10, CT-121. 26.2 grams. Typically round with full (but flat) shield and cross, clear P-B, but best feature is the full king’s name and ordinal PHILIPPVS III, which is rare. With original Fisher certificate #260880. Estimate: $300-$450.

191. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayer R 126. 25.7 grams. Full

Grade 2. S-P17, KM-10, CT-124. 23.7 grams. Round flan with full shield and cross (one lion and one castle nice), clear mintmark P, solid but with light corrosion. With Fisher insert-tag #201058 (certificate missing). Estimate: $125-$200.

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196. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1)617M, Grade 1. S-P19, KM-10, CT-129. 26.1 grams. Choice full cross-lions-castles, bold P-

193. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayer M/

M (no dot), nice full shield, clear bottom half of date, full denomination, no corrosion but part of edge crude. With original Fisher certificate #141335. Estimate: $400-$600.

Q, quadrants of cross transposed, rare, Grade 1. S-P18, KM10. 25.9 grams. Bold full M/Q, full shield and cross (scarce with quadrants transposed), some flatness but no corrosion. With original Fisher certificate #162295. Estimate: $350-$500.

197. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1617)M, quadrants of 194. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1617M, Grade 1.

cross transposed (rare), Grade 2 (Grade-1 quality). S-P19, KM-10, CT-129. 25.3 grams. Good full shield and cross, clear P•M, most of crown, light corrosion and some flatness, but not really enough to justify the lower Grade. With original Fisher certificate #192078. Estimate: $250-$375.

S-P19,

KM-10, CT-129. 24.3 grams. Well-centered strike on a big flan with

full date, bold full shield, nice full cross and tressure, bold P•M, very light corrosion only. With original Fisher certificate #192691.

Estimate: $400-$600.

195. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1)617M, bold date, Grade 198. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 16(17)M, sideways H in

HISPANIARVM in legend, Grade 2. S-P19, KM-10, CT-129.

24.0 grams. Bold full cross and full but lightly corroded shield (both slightly doubled), full P-M (no dot), but most interesting feature is a clear sideways-punched H in the legend. With Fisher insert-tag #208318 (certificate missing). Estimate: $125-$200.

1. S-P19, KM-10, CT-129. 25.7 grams. Bold full 617 of date, good full shield and cross, big flan with some flat spots but very little corrosion. With original Fisher certificate #217631. Estimate: $400-$600.

199. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayer M, Grade 2 (Grade-1 quality). S-P18, KM-10, CT-123. 24.3 grams. Nice full shield with bold P•M, full cross and tressure, light corrosion around reverse-side edge only. With Fisher insert-tag #203423 (certificate missing). Estimate: $125-$200.

49

200. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1618)PAL, rare, Grade 203. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (161)8T, denomination 1. S-P20, KM-10, CT-130. 26.9 grams. Clear P-PAL to left of nice full shield, bold king’s ordinal III in legend, nice full cross (slightly doubled) with weird patch of extra metal (under strike) in upper-left corner, no corrosion at all. With original Fisher certificate #231300. Estimate: $500-$750.

O-V-III (three parts), scarce, Grade 1. S-P21, KM-10. 25.9 grams.

Bold 8 of date and denomination O-V-III, nice full shield and cross (both very bold but with a tiny bit of doubling), practically no corrosion. With original Fisher certificate #163089. Estimate: $400-$600.

204. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1618)T, denomination 201. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1618)PAL, rare, Grade o-8, quadrants of cross transposed, scarce, Grade 1. S-P21, 1. S-P20, KM-10, CT-130. 27.1 grams. Bold full PAL, full shield, bold full cross (slightly off-center), no corrosion. With original Fisher certificate #191197. Estimate: $500-$750.

KM-10, CT-132. 25.9 grams. Very choice detail, with PxT to left and o-8 to right of very bold full shield, perfect full cross-lionscastles on other side, some spots of corrosion here and there but not to the point of distraction, nicely toned. With original Fisher certificate #213478. Estimate: $400-$600.

202. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1618)T/PAL, very rare, Grade 1. S-P21, KM-10, CT-131. 25.8 grams. Clear but doubled PT/PAL to left of full shield (also doubled), full but doubled cross, light corrosion only. With original Fisher certificate #136654.

Estimate: $500-$750.

205. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1619T, Grade 1.

S-P21,

Bold full shield and cross (both very slightly doubled), clear date and PxT, king’s name (PHY)LYPVS in legend, minimal corrosion, toned. With original Fisher certificate #219586. Estimate: $400-$600.

KM-10, CT-133. 26.5 grams.

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50

206. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1619T, quadrants of cross 209. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1)61(?)T, quadrants of cross transposed, Grade 1. S-P21, KM-10. 26.7 grams. Good full cross and shield, bold mintmark P and ornament + but weak assayer T, no corrosion at all. With color photocopy of Fisher certificate #85A-140972. Estimate: $200-$300.

transposed, Grade 1. S-P21, KM-10, CT-134. 26.5 grams. Bold 9 of date, full shield and crown and cross, P•T (unusual ornament this early), some flatness but practically no corrosion. With original Fisher certificate #199537. Estimate: $350-$500.

207. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1619T, lions and castles 210. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1620T, upper half of

shield and quadrants of cross transposed, scarce, Grade 1. S-P21, KM-10, CT-137. 25.3 grams. Good full shield with eyecatching error on obverse, full cross, clear bottom half of 6 and 0 of date, bold denomination, minimal corrosion. With Fisher certificate #187193. Estimate: $350-$500.

transposed in shield, Grade 1. S-P21, KM-10, CT-133. 26.8 grams.

Full but doubled shield with curious error at upper left, full cross and tressure, weak but certain date, some weak spots but no corrosion. With original Fisher certificate #211651. Estimate: $325-$475.

208. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1619T, Grade 2 or 3. S- 211. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1620T, Grade 1.

S-P21,

KM-10, CT-137. 22.8 grams. Full cross and shield, clear bottom half

Excellent full crown above nice full cross, bold P+T, full but corroded cross, weak date, dark toning in crevices and not shiny like the 1985 finds, with very desirable old certificate bearing original signatures of Eugene Lyon, Duncan Mathewson, Mel Fisher and Deo Fisher, Grade listed as “16 points” and date misattributed to 1611. With early (1977) hand-signed Fisher photo-certificate #410. Estimate: $300$450.

P21, KM-10, CT-133. 21.5 grams.

of all 4 digits of date, full P+T, but somewhat crudely corroded and with patches of dark encrustation. With original Fisher certificate #260539. Estimate: $325-$475.

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212. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1621T (full date), 215. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1621T, quadrants of cross quadrants of cross transposed, Grade 1. S-P21, KM-10. 26.7 grams. Full date at 12 o’clock (and spread out over a wider area than normal), nice full shield, good full cross and tressure (slightly doubled), no corrosion. With original Fisher certificate #212889. Estimate: $450-$675.

transposed, Grade 1. S-P21, KM-10. 25.8 grams. Clear 21 of date outside full but partially flat cross, full shield with bold denomination, king’s ordinal III in legend, light corrosion only.

With original Fisher certificate #218495. Estimate: $350-$500.

216. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayer T, 213. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1621T (bold date), upper half of shield and quadrants of cross transposed, scarce, Grade 1. S-P21, KM-10. 26.3 grams. Nice full shield with obvious error, bold 21 of date outside full but doubled cross, full Pornament-T (the ornament appears to be +/x), minimal corrosion, some copper color. With original Fisher certificate #207746. Estimate: $425-$650.

Grade 1. S-P21, KM-10. 26.7 grams. Full shield and cross, nicely toned, some weak spots but no corrosion. With Fisher insert-tag #163114 (certificate missing). Estimate: $200-$300.

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214. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1621T, quadrants of cross

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transposed, Grade 1. S-P21, KM-10. 27.0 grams. Full but doubled cross and shield (both well centered), full P+T, clear bottom half of date, no corrosion, lightly toned all over. With original Fisher certificate #114957. Estimate: $350-$500.

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217. Lot of 5 PotosĂ­, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip II/III,

218. Lot of 5 PotosĂ­, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip II/III,

assayers B, Q, R, M and T (one of each), all Grade 1.

Mostly clear assayers and generally nice shields and/or crosses.

With original Fisher certificates #205021, 203335, 185363, 218660 and 213764. Estimate: $1,600-$2,400.

assayers B, Q, R, M and T (one of each), all Grade 1.

Mostly clear assayers and generally nice shields and/or crosses with a minimum of corrosion. With original Fisher certificates #163478, 174718, 172106, 191705 and 214473. Estimate: $1,600-$2,400.

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219. Lot of 5 PotosĂ­, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip II/III,

220. Lot of 5 PotosĂ­, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip II/III,

assayers B, Q, R, M and T (one of each), all Grade 1.

Mostly clear assayers and generally nice shields and/or crosses with a minimum of corrosion. With original Fisher certificates #156621, 176038, 213569, 230894 and 212254. Estimate: $1,600-$2,400.

assayers B, Q, R, M and T (one of each), all Grade 1.

Mostly clear assayers and generally nice shields and/or crosses with a minimum of corrosion. With original Fisher certificates #182995, 220585, 229673, 210532 and 164506. Estimate: $1,600-$2,400.

54

221. Lot of 5 PotosĂ­, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip II/III, assayers B, Q, R, M and T (one of each), all Grade 1.

Mostly clear assayers and generally nice shields and/or crosses with a minimum of corrosion. With original Fisher certificates #229936, 156199, 261030, 201600 and 217450. Estimate: $1,600-$2,400.

222. Lot of 5 PotosĂ­, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip II/III, assayers B, Q, R, M and T (one of each), all Grade 1.

Mostly clear assayers and generally nice shields and/or crosses with a minimum of corrosion. With original Fisher certificates #209667, 161265, 214834, 219505 and 174000. Estimate: $1,600-$2,400.

55

223. Lot of 5 PotosĂ­, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip II/III,

224. Lot of 5 PotosĂ­, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip II/III,

assayers B, Q, R, M and T (one of each), all Grade 1.

Mostly clear assayers and generally nice shields and/or crosses with a minimum of corrosion. With original Fisher certificates #213017, 217814, 219828, 220076 and 190644. Estimate: $1,600-$2,400.

assayers B, Q, R, M and T (one of each), all Grade 1. Mostly clear assayers and generally nice shields and/or crosses with a minimum of corrosion. With original Fisher certificates #189303, 159100, 209374, 260958 and 199985. Estimate: $1,600-$2,400.

56

225. Lot of 5 PotosĂ­, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip II/III, 226. Lot of 5 PotosĂ­, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip II/III, assayers B, Q, R, M and T (one of each), all Grade 1. Mostly clear assayers and generally nice shields and/or crosses with a minimum of corrosion. With original Fisher certificates #208961, 219748, 215108, 155508 and 215332. Estimate: $1,600-$2,400.

57

assayers B, Q, R, M and T (one of each), all Grade 1.

Mostly clear assayers and generally nice shields and/or crosses with a minimum of corrosion. With original Fisher certificates #204480, 198015, 160876, 161685 and 209477. Estimate: $1,600-$2,400.

227. Lot of 10 PotosĂ­, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayers R, Q (2), M, T (3), and not visible (3), all Grade 1.

Mostly clear assayers (when visible) and generally nice shields and/or crosses with a minimum of corrosion. With original Fisher certificates #260801, 260361, 197894, 164273, 221537, 170679, 180669, 219230, 162446 and 210099. Estimate: $3,000-$4,500.

58

228. Lot of 10 PotosĂ­, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayers R, Q (2), M, T (3), and not visible (3), all Grade 1. Mostly clear assayers (when visible) and generally nice shields and/or crosses with a minimum of corrosion. With original Fisher certificates #198196, 208484, 158862, 217356, 210879, 202676, 215278, 212343, 214938 and 160149. Estimate: $3,000-$4,500.

59

229. Lot of 10 PotosĂ­, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayers R, Q (2), M, T (3), and not visible (3), all Grade 1.

Mostly clear assayers (when visible) and generally nice shields and/or crosses with a minimum of corrosion. With original Fisher certificates #260725, 163309, 211371, 212659, 211511, 260633, 184493, 177058, 173721, and 260281. Estimate: $3,000-$4,500.

60

230. Lot of 10 PotosĂ­, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayers R, Q (3), T (3), and not visible (3), all Grade 1. Mostly clear assayers (when visible) and generally nice shields and/or crosses with a minimum of corrosion. With original Fisher certificates #187744, 146983, 246387, 205291, 219670, 231064, 231474, 231147, 164013 and 162607. Estimate: $3,000-$4,500.

61

231. Lot of 10 PotosĂ­, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayers Q (2), T (2), and not visible (6), all Grade 1. Mostly clear assayers (when visible) and generally nice shields and/or crosses with a minimum of corrosion. With original Fisher certificates #136683, 170195, 121215, 158147, 189666, 209281, 188766, 136430, 212464 and 219370. Estimate: $3,000-$4,500.

62

232. Lot of 10 PotosĂ­, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayers Q (2), T (2), and not visible (6), all Grade 1. Mostly clear assayers (when visible) and generally nice shields and/or crosses with a minimum of corrosion. With Fisher certificates #152087, 218578, 187182, 105407, 210399, 186958, 220492, 213384, 260443 and 215449. Estimate: $3,000-$4,500.

63

233. Lot of 10 PotosĂ­, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayers Q (2), T (3), and not visible (5), all Grade 1. Mostly clear assayers (when visible) and generally nice shields and/or crosses with a minimum of corrosion. With Fisher certificates #215907, 189767, 187183, 187176, 157016, 210704, 218086, 161544, 208692 and 204731. Estimate: $3,000-$4,500.

64

234. Lot of 4 PotosĂ­, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayers R (2), T, and not visible, all Grade 2. All more or less corroded but with clear assayers on 3 of them and full shields and crosses. With original Fisher certificates #191884, 189007, 132147 and 189586. Estimate: $800-$1,200.

65

235. Lot of 9 PotosĂ­, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip II/III, assayers B (2), Q, M, T and not visible (4), all Grade 3. All more or less corroded but with decent shields and/or crosses. With original Fisher certificates #189411, 190159, 135499, 134723, 139021, 190140, 190157, 190453, 191931. Estimate: $9000-$1,350.

66

239. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, Philip III, assayer Q/C, rare, Grade 1. S-P17, KM-9, 12.6 grams. Big, odd-shaped flan with bold P-Q/C, good full shield and cross, some flat spots but practically no corrosion. With original Fisher certificate #180344.

Estimate: $325-$475.

236. Lot of 3 Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III,

240. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, Philip III, assayer Q/C,

assayers not visible, two Grade 4 and one fragment. Heavily corroded but recognizable. With original Fisher certificates #138457, 135780 and 112975 (tag only). Estimate: $250-$375.

rare, Grade 1. S-P17, KM-9, 11.3 grams. Bold Q/C, nearly full shield and cross, some peripheral corrosion and flatness. With original Fisher certificate #230157. Estimate: $325-$475.

237. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, Philip II, assayer B (2nd 241. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, Philip III, assayer M/ Q, quadrants of cross transposed, rare, Grade 1 (no Grade on certificate). S-P18, KM-9, 12.5 grams. Great full shield with bold M/Q, full but crude cross, some corrosion but still Grade1 quality. With Fisher certificate #186927. Estimate: $325-$475.

period), Grade 1. S-P6, KM-4.2, 11.2 grams. Early coin, typically round and of even thickness, with full shield and cross, clear P-B, some corrosion, darkly toned. With original Fisher certificate #162122. Estimate: $350-$500.

238. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, Philip II, assayer RL, 242. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 161(7)M, scarce, Grade 1. S-P19, KM-9, CT-245. 9.0 grams. Nice full cross (slight doubling on right side), full but corroded shield, clear P-M, Grade-2 quality. With original Fisher certificate #163757. Estimate: $300$450.

choice, Grade 1. S-P13, KM-4.2, CT-347, 12.4 grams. Typically round, with good full shield and cross, clear assayer, bold denomination, light corrosion only. With original Fisher certificate #222814.

Estimate: $350-$500.

67

243. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, Philip III, “q”-T (backwards mintmark), quadrants of cross transposed, Grade-1 quality, tag and certificate missing. S-P21, KM-9.

13.4 grams. Full and well-centered shield, good full cross, clear q+T, no corrosion, rather attractive. Estimate: $100-$150.

244. Lot of 7 Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, Philip III, assayers R, Q (2), M, T, and not visible (2), all Grade 1. Generally rather nice full shields and crosses, most without any corrosion. With original Fisher certificates #220326, 211047, 200738, 213270, 214730, 230353 and 221747. Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.

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245. Lot of 7 PotosĂ­, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, Philip III,

246. Lot of 7 PotosĂ­, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, Philip III,

assayers R, Q (2), M, T, and not visible (2), all Grade 1.

Generally rather nice full shields and crosses, most without any corrosion. With original Fisher certificates #176379, 154782, 159314, 188063, 158561, 213116 and 244879. Estimate: $2,000$3,000.

assayers Q (2), M, T, and not visible (3), all Grade 1.

Generally rather nice full shields and crosses, most without any corrosion. With original Fisher certificates #174333, 219119, 198504, 167655, 220178, 188504 and 246687. Estimate: $2,000$3,000.

69

248. Lot of 5 Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, Philip II/III, assayers R, Q, and not visible (3), Grades 2-4. Lightly to heavily corroded but with recognizable details, a couple good crosses and shields. With original Fisher certificates #135107, 133610, 191644, 191583 and 135707. Estimate: $800-$1,200.

247. Lot of 7 Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, Philip III,

249. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip II, P-B (1st period,

assayers Q, T, and not visible (5), all Grade 1. Generally rather nice full shields and crosses, most without any corrosion.

With original Fisher certificates #209924, 215565, 216531, 209108, 214598, 118529 and 160599. Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.

“Lima style”), scarce, Grade 1. S-P4, KM-3.2, CT-486 (under Lima).

6.1 grams. Typically round and even, with fine but worn details, full cross and shield, clear P-B, light corrosion. With Fisher photocertificate #94A-3581. Estimate: $500-$750.

70

250. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip II, assayer L/ii to left, denomination ii/P-M to right, scarce, Grade 1. S-P3, KM-3.2, CT-492 (under Lima). 5.2 grams. Interesting

issue with messy but attributable mintmark/assayer/denomination combination flanking the full shield, full cross on other side, nicely detailed but lightly corroded. With original Fisher certificate #231600.

Estimate: $400-$600.

251. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip III, assayer R, Grade 1. S-P15, KM-8, CT-355. 6.9 grams. Oblong flan with full shield and cross, nearly full crown, bold king’s name (with backwards S) and ordinal III, no corrosion but some crude strike. With original Fisher certificate #132670. Estimate: $450-$675.

252. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip III, assayer M, Grade 1. S-P18, KM-8, CT-356. 6.6 grams. Thick and somewhat octagonal flan with great full cross and shield (both slightly doubled), 100% corrosion-free. With Fisher insert-tag #131737. Estimate: $300-$450.

253. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Grade 1, Philip III, assayer not visible, mounted cross-side out in 14K gold men’s ring. KM-8. 33 grams.

Good full cross and shield, very bold full denomination Z, very silvery from cleaning, no corrosion, very cute “octopus” mounting. With Treasure Salvors tag and Sinclair photo-certificate #127451. Estimate: $800$1,200.

254. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip III, assayer Q, Grade 2. S-P17, KM-8, CT-353. 6.2 grams. Full but somewhat flat cross and shield, weak but certain Q, minimal corrosion. With original Fisher certificate #137352. Estimate: $300-$450.

255. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip III, assayer T, Grade 4. S-P21, KM-8. 2.9 grams. Heavily corroded but with shield and cross still evident, assayer barely discernible. With original Fisher certificate #134257. Estimate: $100-$150.

Cartagena, Colombia, cobs 256. Cartagena, Colombia, cob 8 reales, (1621-22), RN-A, rare, Grade 1. S-C2, KM-3.2. 26.3 grams. Very solid and wellpreserved specimen with full and well-detailed shield (slightly doubled) and cross, much legend, clear mintmark RN and assayer A, 100% corrosion-free but with some flat spots, nicely toned, very impressive, just lacking the date. With Fisher/Sinclair photo-certificate #CH9-81-90950. Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.

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257. Cartagena, Colombia, cob 8 reales, (1621-22), (RN- 259. Cartagena, Colombia, cob 4 reales, (16)22A, mintmark A), rare, Grade 1. S-C2, KM-3.2. 25.5 grams. Large flan with incredibly well-detailed cross-lions-castles, also choice full shield (very well-detailed, just slightly doubled), bold king’s ordinal III, but date off the edge and flat where the mintmark and assayer would be, virtually no corrosion. With original Fisher certificate #109151. Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.

RN, very rare, very choice Grade-1 quality (Grade 2 on certificate). S-C2, KM-2.3. 13.1 grams. Incredibly bold and welldetailed full shield, good full cross-lions-castles (all well centered), with bold RN mintmark to left and assayerdenomination A-IIII to right, flat where date would be, practically no corrosion. With original Fisher certificate #109112.

Estimate: $2,500-$3,750.

260. Cartagena, Colombia, cob 4 reales, (1622)(A),

258. Cartagena, Colombia, cob 8 reales, (1621-22), RNA, rare, no certificate (Grade-2 quality). S-C2, KM-3.2. 16.8 grams. Nice full shield and cross, bold assayer A, a bit thin from corrosion but still nicely detailed. Estimate: $700-$1,000.

mintmark RN, rare, Grade 3 (Grade-2 quality). S-C2, KM2.3. 10.4 grams. Choice full crown above nice full shield with clear mintmark to left, full but corroded cross, good strike (well centered). With Fisher photo-certificate #86A-109123. Estimate: $800-$1,200.

“Dry Tortugas wreck,” sunk ca. 1622 off the Dry Tortugas, west of Key West, Florida 261. Cartagena, Colombia, cob 8 reales, (16)21A, extremely rare first date, “Zucker specimen.” S-C2, KM-3.2. 12.7 grams.

Exceptionally broad flan with bold 21 date above full cross and tressure (nicely detailed castles and one lion), nearly full and well-detailed shield (good for die-study) with bold assayer A to right, thin from corrosion but all the important details quite clear, one of 3 known with date visible and only recently attributed accurately by numismatists as the official first date of issue. With Sedwick photo-certificate from 2004. Estimate: $16,000-$25,000.

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Campen, sunk in 1627 off the Isle of Wight, England

262. Holland, United Netherlands, “lion” daalder, 1589.

Bold lion and legend, clear 89 date, thin from corrosion but without much affect on details. With original certificate hand-signed by the project director. Estimate: $125-$200.

19.0 grams.

265. Overijssel, United Netherlands, “lion” daalder, 1616.

KM-12. 26.7 grams. All details full and uncorroded, just a bit worn

and flat, also a few stress fractures on reverse (not abnormal).

With hinged wooden display box with ship’s name on plaque top and printed inside. Estimate: $125-$200.

263. Gelderland, United Netherlands, “lion” daalder, 1611.

Very solid and uncorroded, some weak interior strike but all legends full, including the bold date.

Estimate: $125-$200.

KM-15.1. 28.0 grams.

266. Westfriesland, United Netherlands, “lion” daalder, 1616. KM-14.2. 26.2 grams. Very bold date, full lion and knight, some weakness but practically no corrosion. Estimate: $125$200.

264. Utrecht, United Netherlands, “lion” daalder, 1616.

KM-13. 27.0 grams. Big flan with bold legends, nicely detailed upper

half of lion with clear date above, no corrosion but some cuts and scrapes on reverse. Estimate: $125-$200.

267. Westfriesland, United Netherlands, “lion” daalder, 1617. KM-14.2. 22.8 grams. Choice bold legends and lion despite corrosion, clear date and mintmark, contrasting toning on fields.

Estimate: $100-$150.

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268. Westfriesland, United Netherlands, “lion” daalder,

271. Utrecht, United Netherlands, “lion” daalder, 1626.

1617. KM-14.2. 26.2 grams. Great full lion and knight, bold legends, clear date, some weak spots and gouges but no corrosion.

Estimate: $100-$150.

KM-13. 26.8 grams. Large flan with full lion and legend on obverse,

nicely detailed knight on reverse, nice toning, virtually no corrosion but some scratches and pockmarks. Estimate: $100$150.

269. Utrecht, United Netherlands, “lion” daalder, 1617. 272. Westfriesland, United Netherlands, half “lion” Well-detailed full lion and knight, clear date, bold mintmark, no corrosion but small knock on edge.

Estimate: $200-$300.

KM-13. 26.9 grams.

daalder, 1616, scarce. KM-22.1. 13.1 grams. Excellent full lion with bold full date, no corrosion, contrasting toning. Estimate: $175-$250.

273. Overijssel, United Netherlands, half “lion” daalder, 270. Holland, United Netherlands, “lion” daalder, 1625/ 4, rare. KM-unlisted (cf. 17). 26.8 grams. Bold full legends, including full date that at first looks like 1623 but upon magnification is undeniably 1625/4, an unlisted overdate, also choice full lion and knight, nice contrasting toning, no corrosion but minor edge-split. Estimate: $250-$375.

1616, scarce. KM-11. 13.1 grams. Beautifully detailed lion and knight, bold legends, no corrosion but some scratches and gouge in edge. Estimate: $150-$225.

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“Lucayan Beach wreck,� sunk ca. 1628 off Grand Bahama Island

274. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, (16)26D, rare, with mint-condition Spink promotional box. S-M18a, KM-45, CT318. 25.6 grams. Full but crude 26 of date, bold mintmark, most of shield and cross, minimal corrosion but much flatness, part of edge bent, but real value is in the complete and pristine packaging (first we have seen this nice). With original Spink box (1960s) in mint condition (including printed outer housing) and with flyers, certificate and original invoice from 1972. Estimate: $250-$375.

276. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip IV, assayer not visible (D), with Spink promotional box. S-M18a, KM-45.

Choice full shield, full but corroded cross, typical barrel-shaped planchet. With original Spink box (1960s).

Estimate: $150-$225.

24.8 grams.

275. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip IV, assayer 277. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip IV, assayer not visible (D), with Spink promotional box. S-M18a, KM-45.

26.8 grams. Solid and uncorroded coin with well-centered shield and cross but peripheral flatness, the box in rather nice condition compared to most. With original Spink box (1960s) and small certificate. Estimate: $200-$300.

D (possible D/F), with Spink promotional box. S-M18a, KMbold assayer D with something underneath (could just be another D), full and well-centered shield and cross, somewhat flat but no corrosion. With original Spink box (1960s) and small certificate. Estimate: $200-$300.

38. 13.5 grams. Very

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278. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip IV, assayer D, with Spink promotional box. S-M18a, KM-38. 13.5 grams.

Good full cross and shield, silvery from cleaning (most are toned), weak but certain oMD. With original Spink box (1960s) and small certificate. Estimate: $150-$225.

Concepci贸n, sunk in 1641 off the northeast coast of Hispaniola

279. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, (16)39P, rare. S- 281. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip IV, oMP, Clear date and oMP, full cross, nearly full shield, typically barrel-shaped planchet with much unevenness and resulting weakness but practically no corrosion.

Estimate: $250-$375.

M19, KM-45, CT-334. 25.6 grams.

with canvas impression. S-M19, KM-45. 25.5 grams. Very thick and solid planchet with great full cross, full but slightly corroded shield, bold oMP, interestingly with crosshatch pattern from original canvas crystallized onto the obverse. Estimate: $100$150.

280. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1640P, scarce. S- 282. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip IV, oMP. SM19, KM-45, CT-336. 24.5 grams. Fairly

clear date, bold mintmark, full cross and nearly full shield, typically shiny and somewhat corroded. With Blanchard wallet-type certificate and pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $175-$250.

M19, KM-38. 10.6 grams. Nearly

full cross and shield, moderately corroded. With large, blue, wallet-style certificate. Estimate: $75$110.

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283. PotosĂ­, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip IV, P-TR. S-P27, KM-14a. 5.8 grams. Thick, squarish flan with good full cross and shield, full P-TR, faint corrosion only, no toning. With Kenneth Aiken certificate. Estimate: $75-$110.

Lastdrager, sunk in 1653 off the Shetland Islands, north of Scotland

284. Emden, Germany (Holy Roman Empire), 28 stuber 286. Emden, Germany (Holy Roman Empire), 28 stuber (2/3 thaler), Ferdinand II (1619-37). KM-10.1. 16.9 grams. Full legends, clear arms and double-headed eagle despite dark toning and light corrosion, scarce provenance. With Sedwick certificate.

Estimate: $100-$150.

(2/3 thaler), Ferdinand II (1619-37). KM-10.1. 18.2 grams. Much flatness but minimal corrosion, dark tone, some bold legend, including mintmark EMB, scarce provenance. With Sedwick certificate. Estimate: $100-$150.

285. Emden, Germany (Holy Roman Empire), 28 stuber 287. Emden, Germany (Holy Roman Empire), 28 stuber (2/3 thaler), Ferdinand II (1619-37). KM-10.1. 16.5 grams. Large flan with mostly bold legends, clear interiors, full crown, darkly toned, light corrosion, scarce provenance. With Sedwick certificate.

Estimate: $100-$150.

(2/3 thaler), Ferdinand III (1637-57). KM-16. 15.4 grams. Bold legends (especially the emperor’s ordinal III) and inner details, darkly toned, light corrosion, scarce provenance. With Sedwick certificate. Estimate: $100-$150.

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A PRACTICAL INTRODUCTION TO THE COUNTERMARKED COB 8 AND 4 REALES OF POTOSI, BOLIVIA, 1649-52 One of the most sordid episodes in numismatic history was the debasement scandal in Potosí in the mid-1600s. After complaints about the fineness of Potosí’s coins throughout the early 1600s, culminating in the 1640s, King Philip IV finally sent an investigator named Francisco Nestares Marín to the region and soon found out that the fraud permeated the whole silver operation in Potosí, all the way back to the mines. At the heart of the crime, as it turned out, were a rich merchant and former mayor named Francisco Gómez de la Rocha and his accomplice assayer at the mint, Juan Ramírez de Arellano. Both were summarily executed and the other assayers currently or formerly working at the mint (Tapia, Trevino, Velázquez and Zambrano) were either fined or simply discharged from duty.

Before the punishments were meted out, however, the most pressing issue was to install a new assayer. The man chosen for the job, beginning in 1649, was Juan Rodríguez de Roas, also known as Rodas or even Ruedas (which is why, rueda being Spanish for “wheel,” his coins show an assayer mark of a circle with a dot in the middle (we call it O), since he wished to avoid confusion with the R for Ramírez). The new coins from this assayer, as well as those made by his successor in 1651, Antonio de Ergueta, became known as “rodases,” and the older (presumably all debased) coins with the link to the corrupt exmayor (going back as far as the 1620s) were called “rochunas.”

Unfortunately the silver used for the rodases was still a bit short in fineness, so even those coins could not circulate at full value, and other countries needed something manifest on the coins to show their lower intrinsic value.

Then began the daunting task to decide how to devalue the old coins (rochunas) and find a way to discriminate them from the new coins (rodases) until a totally new “pillars-andwaves” design could be put in place. The kneejerk reaction from the crown, by decree in late 1650 but not received in Peru until January of 1652 (presumably much earlier in Mexico, Panama and Colombia), was to lower the value of all the 8 reales coins down to 6 reales. While the other areas in the colonies, whose own coins were clearly different, simply melted the coins as they came in, with a few exceptions, in Peru that was not feasible, for their new coins were not so easily identifiable from the old ones, not to mention the effect that such a staggering loss in value (25%) would have on the local economy. Therefore the king gave discretion to the Viceroy of Peru, the Count of Salvatierra, to implement the mandate in whatever way he deemed most sensible. On January 31, 1652, after some deliberation, it was decided that ONLY the rochunas would be devalued to 6 reales and had to be submitted for melting within two months’ time, while the new rodases would be worth 7-1/2 reales, with the 4 reales at exactly half those numbers (3 reales and 3-3/4 reales respectively), leaving the lower denominations unchanged.

Anyone who is familiar with cobs knows that dates and even assayer marks are not always visible on shield-type cobs, so despite improvements in those areas, there was still a need to make it possible to tell the new coins (rodases) from the old coins (rochunas). That is where the countermarks come in.

As part of the 1652 decision, the public had just eight months, or the estimated amount of time to get enough of the new pillars-and-waves coins into circulation, to bring their rodases in to various royal agencies known as “cajas reales” for countermarking to prove their higher value. Each caja real had its own mark, and in fact some of these marks had been used for many years on worked silver (platters and cups, etc.), but many new ones were probably instituted just for these coins.

The study of these countermarks and attribution to specific cajas reales is ongoing, and for the first time in this auction we can link at least a couple of them to specific locales through matches on worked silver items.

As for what these countermarks look like, we can only give a rough guide in this short space, as there are literally scores of different ones. The great majority of the marks are circular and consist of a crown above a letter, the most common of which are F and L; others include A, C, G, O, P, S, T and Z. Whether or not the letters correspond to the names of the locations of the cajas reales or individual silversmiths at those places is still unknown. Most of the marks have a border of dots, and some have dots around an inner ring, but some have no border at all. Many countermarks have just a crown without a letter, and in fact one of the crown-alone marks is perhaps the most common of all, whereas the others are all rare. A few others, generally very rare, show dates (in pentagonal-shaped marks), monograms or some version of a coat of arms. Rarest of all are coins that show two or even three countermarks, proving that these coins were circulating in different regions, as the possessor of an already countermarked coin wanted to be sure it was approved for the higher value in whatever district he was in, and there is even evidence that a few of these marks were applied in areas outside of Peru, notably Santo Domingo and even possibly Buenos Aires.

The countermarking scheme still left the door open for corrupt officials to get their old rochunas countermarked anyway (thereby illegally making 6 reales coins worth 7-1/2 reales), and in fact such coins do exist today, but they are quite rare. Naturally this killed the value of the rodases and hastened their disuse as well. Indeed the countermarking scheme was a fragile system and was only a stopgap measure until the new coins of “pillars-and-waves” design with prominent and multiple dates and assayer marks (which went into production at the Potosí mint in March of 1652) could fill the void. Since those new coins were worth the full 8 reales, there was no more incentive to use the old coins, whether countermarked or not,

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which were generally cashed in and eventually eliminated from commerce. On several occasions the crown tried to force the eradication of the old coins, but it was not until 1657 that they were officially declared illegal for trade.

Today the short-lived countermarked coins of Potosí are scarce, and we are able to collect and study them only because of a series of shipwrecks salvaged in the 1970s-1990s that were carrying the bulk of these coins back to Spain, namely the Capitana shipwreck (sunk in 1654 off Ecuador) and the Maravillas wreck (sunk in the Bahamas in 1656). The documentation behind these coins is confusing (best analyzed in Arnaldo Cunietti-Ferrando’s Historia de la Real Casa de Moneda de Potosí durante la dominación hispánica, 1573-1825 [Buenos Aires, 1995]), and until a definitive photo guide is made, it will be difficult to accurately attribute all the marks (the most complete diagrammatical study so far being Louis Ullian’s article in the Ponterio auction catalog mentioned below). One thing is certain: As the shipwreck finds further disperse, these coins will become even scarcer and more valuable, and there will probably never be any other supply to study or collect.

We are honored and excited to offer here the Louis Hudson collection of countermarked Potosí 8 and 4 reales. An extremely knowledgeable and longtime dealer, Louis had the opportunity to acquire and study some of the rarest and most important coins found on the Capitana and offered at auction

by Ponterio & Associates in 1999, augmented by private acquisitions of coins from the Maravillas wreck. As you peruse these offerings, keep in mind that it is a collection of rare and understudied marks and therefore lacks an accurate crosssection of the common marks. Also, the countermarks here were chosen by Louis for completeness of the countermarks themselves, so you are seeing some of the best examples of each mark and not a representation of what they normally look like. In general, the quality of the host coin is very much secondary in value to the countermark itself, a very important and almost counterintuitive concept when so many of the coins are corroded and worn from the sea.

Capitana (Jesús María de la Limpia Concepción), sunk in 1654 off Chanduy, Ecuador Countermarked shield-type

288. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip IV, assayer T 289. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1646)V (rare assayer), (1640s), with crowned L countermark on cross side, rare.

S-P30, KM-19a. 19.6 grams. Common countermark but rare on a pre-1648 coin, as this must be (assayer T), even though the date is not visible. Full but off-center cross, full but weak shield, a bit worn and pitted, but countermark and assayer both very clear. Pedigreed to the Louis Hudson collection. Estimate: $250-$375.

with crowned script-•G• countermark (rare) on shield side.

S-P32, KM-19a, CT-496. 16.8 grams. Complete countermark and bold full assayer (unique combination, both aspects rare by themselves), good full shield, full but partially flat cross, thin from wear and corrosion and with notch in edge. Pedigreed to the Louis Hudson collection. Estimate: $500-$750.

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290. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 16(4)9Z, date at 8 o’clock,

293. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1649)O/Z, with crown

with crown alone countermark on shield side. S-P34, KM19a, CT-508. 24.2 grams. Broad planchet with bold legend (especially the date, which is 90 degrees removed from the usual position) around full cross and tressure, full but corroded crown and shield on other side with full countermark and king’s name PHELIPVS in legend. Pedigreed to the Louis Hudson collection.

Estimate: $300-$450.

alone countermark (very rare, attributable to Arequipa, Peru) on cross side. S-P35, KM-19b, CT-507. 24.0 grams. Thick and solid coin with nice full cross that bears a full countermark showing a crown of distinctive design, the shield side mostly flat but with good full crown, minimal corrosion. This mark is an exact match with a piece attributed to Arequipa in the book Marcas de platería hispanoamericana by Esteras Martín (1992), but interestingly there is another mark with the same distinctive crown but with letter a underneath that Esteras Martín attributes to Colombia instead (see lot #319). Pedigreed to the Louis Hudson collection. Estimate: $500-$750.

291. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 16(4)9Z, with crowned L countermark on cross side. S-P34, KM-19a, CT-508. 16.6 grams.

Large, thin flan with part of edge crude, full countermark, clear date and assayer, some flat spots but minimal corrosion.

Pedigreed to the Louis Hudson collection. Estimate: $250-$375.

294. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1649)O/Z, crowned O (?) countermark on cross, very round planchet. S-P35, KM19b, CT-507. 23.2 grams. Perfectly round planchet with partially weak but full and well-centered shield and cross, the latter of which shows most of a weakly applied countermark that is most likely crowned O, which is scarce, some flatness, light corrosion.

Pedigreed to the Louis Hudson collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

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292. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1649)O/Z, with 2 countermarks (rare): crowned •F• on shield side and arms on cross side. S-P35, KM-19b, CT-507. 21.9 grams. Specimens with 2 or more countermarks like this one are very rare, and this one also shows a clear O/Z assayer in addition to the full and well-detailed •F• countermark (no dots flanking crown), nice full shield, full but partially flat cross, light corrosion, the arms countermark (shield with lions and castles) typically applied to the very edge. Pedigreed to the Louis Hudson collection. Estimate: $350-$500.

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295. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (16)49O/sR (rare overassayer), with crowned L countermark on cross side, choice. S-P35, KM-19b. 26.7 grams. Broad flan with bold full shield, good full cross with bold 9 of date, nearly full countermark, most of assayer with bottom-right leg of R peeking out, nicely contrasting toning, practically no corrosion. Pedigreed to the Louis Hudson collection. Estimate: $400-$600.

298. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 16(4)9O, with crowned L countermark on cross, choice. S-P35, KM-19b, CT-506. 27.1 grams. Bold full details all over, including crown and shield (assayer muddled), cross and countermark, and the 1 and the 9 of the date, no corrosion, nicely contrasting toning. Pedigreed to the Louis Hudson collection. Estimate: $400-$600.

296. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1649)O/sR (rare over- 299. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1649O, with 2 assayer), with crowned L countermark on cross side. SP35, KM-19b. 25.4 grams. Full but slightly doubled cross and shield, 100% complete countermark and P-O with top of s and bottom of R protruding, no corrosion but one edge-crack. Pedigreed to the Louis Hudson collection. Estimate: $400-$600.

countermarks (rare): crowned L and arms on cross side.

S-P35, KM-19b, CT-506. 25.6 grams. Solid coin with no corrosion but some flatness, full shield with bold mintmark, full cross with both countermarks very clear, neither one rare but rarely seen together. Pedigreed to the Louis Hudson collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

297. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1649O, with 2 countermarks (rare): crown alone on shield side and crown alone (very rare) on cross side, full date. S-P35, KM-19b, CT506. 26.7 grams. Choice full date, great full cross with very rare countermark consisting of a crown without a border, the other side of the coin showing most of the shield with bold crown countermark of the common type, also clear P-O, some weakness and corrosion, one edge-split. Pedigreed to the Louis Hudson collection. Estimate: $400-$600.

300. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (16)49O, with 2 crowned L countermarks on cross side (rare). S-P35, KM-19b, CT-506.

20.4 grams. Bold full cross side with both countermarks clear (common countermarks but rare to see 2), shield side mostly flat but with good crown, some corrosion. Pedigreed to the Louis Hudson collection. Estimate: $250-$375.

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301. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1649)(O?), with crowned c (?) countermark (rare) on cross side. S-P35, KM-19b. 16.6 grams. Nearly full countermark with what appears to be a small G or c (both rare) below the crown in a border, full but doubled shield and cross, most of crown, bold denomination 8, some corrosion but good toning. Pedigreed to the Louis Hudson collection.

Estimate: $250-$375.

304. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1650O, with crowned •PH• countermark on cross side, choice and Royal-like.

S-P35, KM-19b, CT-509. 26.2 grams. Superb strike on a very broad planchet, probably meant to be a Royal, with all inner details and almost all the legends full, also well preserved and with beautiful brown toning, the full countermark also scarce.

Pedigreed to the Louis Hudson collection. Estimate: $900-$1,350.

302. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (164)9O, with crown alone countermark (rare) on shield side. S-P35, KM-19b, CTUnique and fully visible countermark with scalloped border on full but mostly flat shield below full and well-detailed crown, bold P•O, king’s name as PHELIPVS, full but very flat cross with clear 9 of date, small edge-split, minimal corrosion. Pedigreed to the Louis Hudson collection. Estimate: $350$500.

506. 24.5 grams.

305. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (16)50O, with 2 crowned C countermarks (very rare) on cross side, choice, KM Plate Coin. S-P35, KM-19b, CT-509. 24.8 grams. Big, solid planchet with two edge-splits, 2 very clear crowned C countermarks, full cross, crude shield, no corrosion but some flat spots. Pedigreed to the Louis Hudson collection and Plate Coin in KM (#19b). Estimate: $600-$900.

Please visit our website at www.SedwickCoins.com or watch and bid LIVE at www.iCollector.com/sedwick 303. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1649)(O), with crowned O countermark on cross side. S-P35, KM-19b. 20.8 grams. Very clear countermark (scarce) on full cross, full but weak shield on other side, solid but worn and corroded. Pedigreed to the Louis Hudson collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

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306. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (165)0O, with 2

308. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (165)0O, with crowned

countermarks on cross side (very rare): crown alone (very rare) and crowned C (rare), choice. S-P35, KM-19b, CT-509.

26.5 grams. Both countermarks very clear and bold, the crowned C rare but the crown alone (without border) very rare, and the combination unique, full cross, full but mostly weak shield, full 0 of date, no corrosion, small edge-split. Pedigreed to the Ponterio Capitana auction, lot 52 (Plate Coin), and pedigreed to the Louis Hudson collection. Estimate: $400-$600.

o countermark (rare) on cross side. S-P35, KM-19b, CT-509. countermark with small o (much rarer than the large O) on full cross, bold date, full shield, some flatness but not really any corrosion. Pedigreed to the Ponterio Capitana auction, lot 232 (Plate Coin, with lot-tag), and pedigreed to the Louis Hudson collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

307. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1)650O, with pentagonal

309. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1650)O, with crown alone countermark (very rare) on cross side. S-P35, KM-19b.

27.1 grams. Very darkly toned, with full shield and cross, no corrosion but one edge-split, the countermark in center with distinctive border of tiny dots (the crown not really visible).

Pedigreed to the Louis Hudson collection. Estimate: $250-$375.

23.6 grams. Full

1652 countermark (rare) on cross side. S-P35, KM-19b, CT509. 26.7 grams. Strange, almost barrel-shaped planchet with good full shield and cross, bold date, but best part is the pentagonal countermark in the middle of the cross, some flatness but only minimal corrosion. Pedigreed to the Louis Hudson collection.

Estimate: $300-$450.

310. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (16)50O, with crown alone countermark (very rare) on shield side. S-P35, KM19b, CT-509. 21.9 grams. Unique countermark (very similar to the common crown but with the crown shifted to right, definitely worth further study), good full cross and shield, some flatness and minor edge-split but hardly any corrosion. Pedigreed to the Louis Hudson collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

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311. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1650O, with crowned (?) on cross side, choice. S-P35, KM-19b, CT-509. 23.3 grams. Huge flan with full and well-detailed interiors and much legend, like PHELIPVS IIIII (due to double strike) and 1650 date, also PO and 8-O flanking the beautiful shield, but the countermark in the center of the cross incomplete and the surfaces lightly corroded. Pedigreed to the Louis Hudson collection. Estimate: $250$375.

312. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1650O, date at 5 o’clock, with full crowned script-F or script-L (unique) countermark on cross side. S-P35, KM-19b, CT-509. 26.5 grams.

If you are a researcher of countermarks, then this coin, perhaps more than any other in this collection, is the one you should study, because the countermark is complete and pristine, yet the letter below the crown does not match any orthography known so far, sort of a thin F with the foot of an L and a short back-curl at the top. Interestingly, this mark is known, listed as Ullian Type MM (rated as U-2, meaning 1 or 2 known, the highest rating) in the Capitana catalog of 1999, but no specimens were cited in the sale. The coin itself is solid, even lustrous in places but plagued by the usual flatness and minor corrosion and even some black staining.

Nevertheless, the date, assayer, mintmark and denomination are all visible, and the cross and shield are full. Pedigreed to the Louis Hudson collection. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

313. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1650O, with crowned-T countermark (rare) on cross side. S-P35, KM-19b, CT-509. 19.7 grams. Good full cross and shield despite light corrosion, bold 8-O to right of shield, nearly full countermark, full date. With generic certificate and pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

314. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, •1•6•5(•0•)O, with 2 countermarks on cross side (very rare): crowned script P (rare) and crowned T (rare). S-P35, KM-19b. 25.4 grams. Curious one-year variety with superfluity of dots in legend, good full shield and cross despite flatness, the 2 countermarks (each very rare, the combination extremely so) bold, minimal corrosion.

Pedigreed to the Louis Hudson collection. Estimate: $500-$750.

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315. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1)651O, with 2 crowned

316. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (165)1O, with 3

C countermarks (very rare) on cross side. S-P35, KM-19b, CT510. 20.0 grams. Broad, round coin with full shield, bold assayer and date, one full countermark and most of another (very rare to see 2), thin and worn and weak in places, but no heavy pitting.

Pedigreed to the Louis Hudson collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

countermarks (very rare): 2 crowned (?) and arms on cross side. S-P35, KM-19b, CT-510. 18.8 grams. Nice shield side with bold legend and nearly full crown, cross side littered with countermarks that unfortunately do not show enough interior details to attribute, still quite rare to see 3 different ones, some thinning from corrosion and crack in edge. Pedigreed to the Louis Hudson collection. Estimate: $250-$375.

317. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1651O, with crown-alone countermark on shield side and brockage of same on cross side. S-P35, KM-19b, CT-510. 24.6 grams. Solid and uncorroded specimen with bold date, complete countermark (with a reverse impression on the other side from application of the mark onto the base after the coin slipped out), nice full shield and cross, some flatness and an edge-crack. With photo-certificate and pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

318. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1650-1)O, with countermark “BALTR+” (attributed to Buenos Aires, Argentina) below castle and lion on cross side, extremely rare. S-P35, KM-19b. 17.3 grams. Nearly full and practically unique countermark, the only other published specimen a 4R in the Cunietti reference, but at least one other is reported to exist. A reconstruction of the entire mark can by made by joining this example with the Cunietti specimen (which, incidentally, Cunietti does not attribute to Buenos Aires). Curiously, while Buenos Aires received the order from Viceroy Salvatierra in March of 1652 to melt the rochunas and countermark the rodases, documents show that the corrupt governor, Jacinto de Lariz, held the order until August so that he could surreptitiously countermark his own rochunas holdings and thereby save himself 1-1/2 reales per 8 reales! While this establishes evidence that Buenos Aires did indeed countermark coins, the documentation does not show what mark was used except for the blanket term “marca de coronilla.” A careful study of the monogram of letters on the bottom of the countermark reveals it to be BALTR+, which we believe can be reasonably attributed to the port city of Buenos Aires, whose full original name in 1580 (second establishment, the original one abandoned in 1541) was “La Ciudad de Santísima Trinidad y Puerto de Santa María del Buen Ayre” (BA = Buen Ayre, L = La Ciudad, TR = Trinidad, + = Santísima). The coin itself is well detailed considering corrosion and thinning, with full cross and shield (the latter rather weak), most of crown, clear assayer.

Pedigreed to the Ponterio Capitana sale, lot 227 (Plate Coin) and pedigreed to the Louis Hudson collection. Estimate: $3,500-$5,000.

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319. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1650-51)O, with crowned script-a countermark (rare, attributed to Arequipa, Peru) on cross side. S-P35, KM-19b. 25.6 grams.

Very solid, round flan with flat peripheries but full shield and cross (nicely toned, no corrosion), the latter graced with a COMPLETE countermark showing the script-a (for Arequipa) below a distinctive crown. As mentioned in lot #293, this mark is attributed by Esteras Martín to Colombia, but the crown matches the Arequipa mark and Colombia was unlikely to have countermarked these coins, not to mention the near impossibility that a coin could have traveled from Peru to Colombia and back before the Capitana set sail!

Pedigreed to the Louis Hudson collection. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

320. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1650-1)O, with crowned Z countermark (very rare) on cross side. S-P35, KM-19b. 22.9 grams. Choice full and bold countermark on full cross, full but doubled shield and crown on other side, bold king’s ordinal IIII, broad flan with edge-split, light corrosion only. Pedigreed to the Louis Hudson collection. Estimate: $500-$750.

322. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1650-1)O, with 2 countermarks on shield side (very rare): crown alone and crowned C (rare). S-P35, KM-19b. 23.1 grams. Two bold and nearcomplete countermarks on full shield, good full cross, some weakness but not much corrosion, well-centered strike. Pedigreed to the Louis Hudson collection. Estimate: $350-$500.

321. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1650-1)O, with crowned backwards-L countermark (very rare) on shield side. STotally complete countermark (so rare as to be virtually unknown until the Capitana sale in 1999) on full shield with bold assayer, horrible cross side due to corrosion, minor edge-split. Pedigreed to the Louis Hudson collection.

Estimate: $400-$600.

P35, KM-19b. 20.0 grams.

323. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1650-1)O, with crowned •PH• countermark on shield side. S-P35, KM-19b. 27.1 grams.

Choice full countermark (scarce) on full shield below full crown, both assayers clear, good full cross, no corrosion but much flatness and one edge-split. Pedigreed to the Louis Hudson collection.

Estimate: $300-$450.

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326. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1650-1)O, with 2 countermarks on cross side (very rare): crowned C (rare) and arms. S-P35, KM-19b. 17.0 grams. Very clear countermarks (the peripheral arms mark much more complete than usual), good full cross and shield despite much wear and thinning.

Pedigreed to the Louis Hudson collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

324. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1650-1)O, with 2 countermarks on shield side (very rare): crown alone (very rare) and crowned (?). S-P35, KM-19b. 25.7 grams. A great coin for study, with both countermarks (borderless crown alone and crowned-something with dotted border) on full shield between P-O and 8-O, good full cross, nicely toned and with only a hint of corrosion. Pedigreed to the Louis Hudson collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

327. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1650-1)O, with crowned G countermark (rare) on shield side. S-P35, KM-19b. 18.0 grams.

Nice shield-side details with most of the countermark, choice crown, full cross too but moderately corroded (thin) and with edge-crack. Pedigreed to the Louis Hudson collection. Estimate: $250$375.

325. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1650-1)O, with 2 countermarks on cross side (very rare): crowned L (?) and crowned T (rare). S-P35, KM-19b. 26.1 grams. Both countermarks rather pristine and well detailed but incomplete, good full cross and shield, virtually no corrosion but peripherally flat and not much contrast. Pedigreed to the Louis Hudson collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

328. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1650-1)O, with 2

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countermarks on shield side (very rare): crown alone and crowned O. S-P35, KM-19b. 23.7 grams. Both countermarks clear on a full shield with assayer to right, full but weak cross, lightly corroded. Pedigreed to the Louis Hudson collection. Estimate: $250$375.

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332. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1650-1)O, with 2 329. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1650-1)O, with crowned G countermark (rare) on cross side. S-P35, KM-19b. 21.9 grams.

Bold full cross with countermark in center, full shield below bold crown, bold assayer, some flatness and thinning but good contrast, with two edge-splits. Pedigreed to the Louis Hudson collection. Estimate: $250-$375.

countermarks (very rare): crowned (?) and arms on cross side. S-P35, KM-19b. 17.4 grams. Heavily corroded with pieces of edge missing but very rare with 2 countermarks, one of which is not completely decipherable (just the crown visible), still with decent cross, assayer and king’s name. Pedigreed to the Louis Hudson collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

330. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1650-1)O, with crowned

333. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1650-1)O, with crowned

(?) countermark on shield side. S-P35, KM-19b. 23.4 grams. Nice full cross, full but weak shield, bold P-O, oddly oblong planchet, lightly corroded, the crown of the countermark full and well detailed but the space below it trumped by the host coin’s details.

Estimate: $250-$275.

L countermark on cross side. S-P35, KM-19b. 17.9 grams. Good full shield with crown askew due to doubling, very deep and clear countermark on heavily corroded cross side, clear date, edge-split. Pedigreed to the Louis Hudson collection. Estimate: $200$300.

331. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1650-1)O, with crowned S countermark on cross side. S-P35, KM-19b. 19.2 grams. Full but corroded countermark (scarce), nice full shield, broad round flan but thin from corrosion. Pedigreed to the Louis Hudson collection.

Estimate: $200-$300.

334. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1650-1)O, with crowned (?) countermark on cross side. S-P35, KM-19b. 22.1 grams. Full but moderately corroded shield and cross, the latter of which bears a complete but too-weak-to-attribute countermark in the center, the planchet itself somewhat concave. Estimate: $100$150.

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335. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1(6)51E, with crowned •T• (rare) countermark on shield side. S-P36, KM-19b, CT-511. full cross and shield with full P-E and 8-E and nearly full countermark, minimal corrosion, good toning, edgesplit. Pedigreed to the Louis Hudson collection. Estimate: $250-$375.

23.7 grams. Nice

338. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1651E, with 2 countermarks (very rare): crowned C (rare) and crowned P (rare) on cross side. S-P36, KM-19b, CT-511. 7.9 grams. Full C countermark and most of P countermark (both rare) on nice full cross, other side heavily worn and overall very thin and underweight, oblong in shape. Pedigreed to the Louis Hudson collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

336. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1(65)1E, with 3 countermarks on cross side (very rare): crowned C (rare), crown alone (very rare) and arms. S-P36, KM-19b, CT-511. 26.6 grams. Broad and very solid planchet (no corrosion) with 2 full and rare countermarks in the center of the full cross and a slightly more common arms countermark in the periphery (very rare combination), the shield full but weak but surrounded by a clear P-E and 8-E and crown. Pedigreed to the Louis Hudson collection. Estimate: $400-$600.

339. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1651-2)E, with 2 countermarks (very rare): crown alone on shield side and crown alone (rare) on cross side. S-P36, KM-19b. 25.9 grams.

Good full shield and cross, both with clear crown countermarks but the one on the cross of a stylized design, also clear assayer, minor pitting only, edge-split. With generic certificate and pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

337. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1651E, with crowned•F• (no dots flanking crown) countermark on shield side.

S-P36, KM-19b, CT-511. 20.9 grams. Full and bold countermark showing the complete crown, also full and bold date, the cross and shield all there but mostly flat, a bit worn and with one edge-split. With generic certificate and pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

340. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1651-2)E, with full crown alone countermark on shield. S-P36, KM-19b. 21.2 grams. Choice full countermark (very bold and beautiful), on a full shield, also full but slightly weak cross, no corrosion, nice toning, with rather large crack in edge. Estimate: $150-$225.

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341. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1651-2)E, with crowned

343. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 16(51-2)(E), with elegant

Z (very rare) countermark on shield side, choice, KM Plate Coin. S-P36, KM-19b. 28.1 grams. Perfect countermark (full and well detailed) on a choice full shield, nice cross too, no corrosion, attractive toning, great coin that lacks only the date.

Pedigreed to the Louis Hudson collection and Plate Coin in KM (#C19.12). Estimate: $600-$900.

crown alone countermark (very rare, attributable to Lima, Peru) on cross side. S-P36, KM-19b. 26.8 grams. The countermark on this coin (an elegant and well-detailed crown by itself inside a border of small dots) is an exact match with one attributed to Lima by Esteras Martín (see lot #293), but since it is very rare, we have to assume this was not the main mark used by that metropolitan center, which must have countermarked quite a lot of the coins. The countermark is right over the date (except for the 16, which is bold), but the cross is full, as is the shield, and there is practically no corrosion (just some flatness). Pedigreed to the Louis Hudson collection. Estimate: $500-$750.

342. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1651-2)E, with 2 countermarks (very rare): crown alone on shield side and crown alone (rare) on cross side. S-P36, KM-19b. 24.0 grams.

Great full shield with full countermark, also full cross with somewhat peripheral countermark that is borderless and shows a full crown of a rare design, lightly pitted all over but still solid. Pedigreed to the Louis Hudson collection. Estimate: $300$450.

344. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 16(51-2)E, with crown alone countermark on shield, choice. S-P36, KM-19b. 22.4 grams.

Bold full countermark on choice shield side with P-E, 8-E, crown, king’s name and ordinal, also good full cross (off-center), no corrosion (yet underweight), with split in edge. Pedigreed to the Louis Hudson collection. Estimate: $250-$375.

345. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1651-2)E, with crowned (?) countermark on cross side. S-P36, KM-19b. 27.1 grams. The countermark on this coin is nearly full but the letter below the crown is effaced by the head of the lion underneath, with good full shield, nearly full cross, no corrosion but much flatness, edge-split. Pedigreed to the Louis Hudson collection. Estimate: $250$375.

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346. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1651-2)E, with crowned

349. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, (1649)O, with 2

L countermark on cross side. S-P36, KM-19b. 23.5 grams. Very broad but corroded coin with 100% full countermark on full cross, good full shield, much flatness in periphery, large edgesplit. Pedigreed to the Louis Hudson collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

countermarks (very rare): crowned L on shield side (rare) and crowned (?) on cross side. S-P35, KM-17b, CT-731. 13.8 grams.

Bold and deep countermark on shield, which is not the usual place for the L countermark, nice upper half of unattributed mark on cross, sold coin with no corrosion, nice toning. Pedigreed to the Louis Hudson collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

347. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1650-2)(O or E), with 2 countermarks (very rare): crowned L and crowned C (rare) on cross side. KM-19b. 13.9 grams. Heavily worn and corroded but with remarkably clear countermarks (the C a little weak), crude edge. Pedigreed to the Louis Hudson collection. Estimate: $250$375.

350. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 16(49-50)O, no countermark (rare). S-P35, KM-17b. 13.3 grams. An understated rarity in this series is the coin with NO countermarks, like this one, with clear P-O to the left of the full shield, also nice full cross with bold legend (including 16 of date), no corrosion, attractively toned. Pedigreed to the Louis Hudson collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

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348. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, (1649)O, with crowned script-P countermark (rare) on cross side. S-P35, KM-17b, CT-731. 8.6 grams. Full and deep countermark with clear letter, full but mostly flat shield, bold assayer, thin from corrosion.

Pedigreed to the Louis Hudson collection. Estimate: $250-$375.

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351. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, (16)50O, with 3 countermarks (very rare): crowned A flanked by columns of dots on shield side (very rare), crowned C (rare) and crown alone on cross side, KM Plate Coin. S-P35, KM-17b.

11.9 grams. Odd-shaped coin that rewards careful study, as the countermark on the shield at first looks like just a mess (due to interference from the host-coin details) but is actually an A flanked by three dots in a column on each side (note that all diagrammatical references so far erroneously omit these dots), also with full two clear countermarks of rare varieties on the cross side, the cross and shield full and uncorroded. Pedigreed to the Ponterio Capitana auction, lot 41 (Plate Coin), and pedigreed to the Louis Hudson collection and Plate Coin in KM (#C17.5). Estimate: $600-$900.

352. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1650O, with crowned-L countermark on cross side. S-P35, KM-17b. 12.0 grams. Bold date, full countermark, good full shield and cross, 2 edge-splits, some corrosion but nicely toned. With generic certificate and pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

353. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1(65)1O, with 2 countermarks on shield side (very rare): crowned A (very rare) and crown alone (common). S-P35, KM-17b. 13.0 grams.

Both countermarks very bold and clear, also bold assayer, but cross side almost blank due to weak strike and wear (also old scuff mark), no corrosion however. Pedigreed to the Ponterio Capitana auction, lot 39 (Plate Coin), and pedigreed to the Louis Hudson collection. Estimate: $500-$750.

354. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, (1650-1)O, with crowned •F• (4 dots) countermark on shield side, KM Plate Coin.

S-P35, KM-17b. 12.9 grams. Full and well-detailed countermark with dots flanking crown (scarce variant), nice full cross, round and even flan, minor corrosion only. Pedigreed to the Louis Hudson collection and Plate Coin in KM (#C17.4). Estimate: $250-$375.

355. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, (1)651(O or E), with 2 countermarks (very rare): crowned •F• on shield side and unidentified on cross side. KM-17b. 8.6 grams. Very deep and bold countermark on edge of off-center but well-detailed shield (nice crown too), other side much weaker but with bold date, good upper half of cross, somewhat thin from corrosion and with extended piece of edge bent. Pedigreed to the Louis Hudson collection. Estimate: $250-$375.

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356. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, (165)1E, with crownalone (common) countermark on shield side. S-P36, KM17b. 10.6 grams. Round coin with 100% full and bold countermark in center of shield, otherwise weak (especially the cross) from wear and corrosion, with typical edge-split. Pedigreed to the Louis Hudson collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

359. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, (1651-2)E, with 2 countermarks (very rare): crowned O and arms on cross side. S-P36, KM-17b. 11.8 grams. Great full shield with 4-E to right, nice but off-center cross with full O countermark and a healthy portion of the peripheral arms countermark, minimal corrosion.

Pedigreed to the Louis Hudson collection. Estimate: $250-$375.

357. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, (1651-2)E, with 3 countermarks (very rare): 2 crown alone (common) on shield side and crown alone (rare) on cross side. S-P36, KM17b. 12.7 grams. Fascinating coin with one bold and full countermark plus about half of another on the shield, weak but distinctively different countermark on cross, that side mostly flat and corroded but the shield side well detailed, with two big edge-splits. Pedigreed to the Louis Hudson collection. Estimate: $300$450.

360. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, (1650-2)(O or E), with 2 countermarks (very rare): crown alone (common) on shield side and brockage error on cross side (very rare), crowned P (rare) on cross side, KM Plate Coin. KM-17b.

14.0 grams. Very clear and full P countermark in center of cross right next to a bold reverse impression of the other countermark due to slippage of the coin during hammering, no corrosion (actually overweight!) but parts of edge crude. Pedigreed to the Ponterio Capitana auction, lot 38 (Plate Coin), and pedigreed to the Louis Hudson collection and Plate Coin in KM (#17b). Estimate: $250-$375.

358. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, (1651-2)E, with crowned backwards-L countermark (very rare) on cross side. S-P36, KM-17b. 11.8 grams. Very bold and full countermark on great full cross, nice full shield on other side, some peripheral flatness but not much corrosion. Pedigreed to the Ponterio Capitana auction, lot 36 (Plate Coin), and pedigreed to the Louis Hudson collection.

Estimate: $300-$450.

361. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, (1650-2)(O or E), with crowned-•F• (no dots flanking crown) countermark on shield side. KM-17b. 12.6 grams. Totally corrosion-free coin with bold countermark, good shield and cross, but much of periphery flat and with minor splits. Pedigreed to the Ponterio Capitana auction, lot 34 (Plate Coin, with lot-tag) and pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $175-$250.

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362. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, (16)51O, scarce.

S-P35,

Broad flan with nice full shield and cross, weak date, lightly corroded but nicely toned. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $125-$200.

KM-14b. 4.8 grams.

363. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, (165)1O, scarce. S-P35, KM12b, CT-1047. 3.5 grams. Full P-O, most of

cross and shield despite flatness, no corrosion or toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection.

Estimate: $100-$150.

1652 transitionals

364. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1652E transitional, McLean Type VIII/A. S-P37, KM-A20.8. 24.5 grams. Good full shield and crown flanked by clear A-P-8 to left and O-E-52 to right, full but slightly doubled and corroded pillars with 1-PH6 at top, not much contrast but rather solid and nicely centered strike. Estimate: $200-$300.

365. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1652E transitional, McLean Type I, rare and choice. S-P37, KM-A16.2, CT-894. 7.6 grams. Incredibly attractive full pillars and crown, also bold full shield, no legend, but well centered and corrosion-free, beautifully toned, must be one of the finest known of a surprisingly scarce denomination for the issue. Estimate: $700$1,000.

Pillars-and-waves type

367. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1653E. S-P37a, KM-21, CT366. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1652E post-transitional, 1-PH-6 at top. S-P37a, KM-21, CT-434. 26.9 grams. Nice and full but off-center cross with bold •E• and king’s ordinal IIII, full (and also off-center) pillars and waves, practically no corrosion but some flatness, attractively toned. With photo-certificate.

Estimate: $150-$225.

437. 24.0 grams. Round

flan with good full cross above 653 date, full and well-centered pillars with bold 53 date, peripheral flatness and thin edge-split but no corrosion. With generic certificate and pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

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368. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1654E. S-P37a, KM-21, CT- 370. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1653E. S-P37a, KM-18, CTGood full cross and pillars (plus especially prominent waves) despite thinness from wear and corrosion, 2 edge-splits, nicely toned. With certificate. Estimate: $90-$135.

740. 12.9 grams. Bold

pillars and date (full PLV-SVL-TRA), half of cross, some flatness but not much corrosion. With generic certificate and pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $175$250.

438. 19.7 grams.

371. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1654E, PH at top. S-P37a, KM-18, CT-742. 10.4 grams. Full but somewhat corroded pillars and cross but with bold date and PH. With generic certificate and pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $125-$200.

369. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1653E, PH at top, scarce error with rotated 4 for denomination. S-P37a, KM-18, CT-741.

11.2 grams. Round and thin, with 3 dates and mintmarks, 2 assayers, bold pillars and waves, small edge-split, but best feature is the bold sideways denomination (“backwards”) on the pillars side, traces of corrosion only. Estimate: $250-$375.

Maravillas, sunk in 1656 off Grand Bahama Island 372. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1655P, choice full date. S-M19, KM-45, CT-362. 27.0 grams. While this is definitely one of the commonest dates, we have probably never seen one so bold and complete as this, also with full (but weak) shield and cross and oMP, king’s ordinal IIII in legend, toned and 100% corrosion-free, a super coin that rivals even non-salvage specimens in overall quality. With generic certificate and pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $400-$600.

373. Lot of 2 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip IV, assayer P where visible. SM19, KM-45. 15.1 and 12.0 grams. Typical coins from this wreck with heavy corrosion all over but shields and crosses discernible, one with clear oMP With certificates. Estimate: $150-$225.

95

374. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 16(51)O, with crownedT countermark (rare) on cross side. S-P35, KM-19b. 27.1 grams.

Super large flan with choice full crown above full shield between P•O and 8•O, nearly full countermark in center of full cross, bold 16 of date and most of king’s name but legends otherwise flat, minor corrosion on edge only, with edge-split, typically tan-toned. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $350$500.

376. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1651E/O, with crowned script-P countermark (rare) on cross side. S-P36, KM-19b, CT-512. 28.2 grams. Big round flan with full countermark on cross that at first looks like the Greek letter phi (?) but is rendered that way because of under-details, full but somewhat weak cross and shield, bold P-E to left and 8-E/O to right, full but weak date, king’s ordinal IIII, doubled crown, no corrosion and actually OVERweight. Pedigreed to the Louis Hudson collection.

Estimate: $300-$450.

377. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 16(51-2)E, with special 375. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1650-1)O, with large crown-alone countermark (very rare) on cross side. S-P35, KM-19b. 25.4 grams. Huge crown countermark on full but doubled cross, good full shield between •P•O• and •8•O•, much legend, minor flatness and corrosion, lightly toned. Pedigreed to the Louis Hudson collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

crowned T (very rare) countermark on cross. S-P36, KM-19b. the crown is visible in the countermark, but it is distinctive enough to match it to Ullian’s very rare Type EE, apparently different from several other known T countermarks, also a super coin anyway with full and well-detailed shield and cross, no corrosion, nice tan toning, slightly crude edge.

Estimate: $200-$300.

26.2 grams. Just

378. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1652E transitional, McLean Type IV/A, scarce. S-P37, KM-A20.4, CT-432. 24.8 grams.

Very large and somewhat “Royal”-like flan with full pillars side details AND legends, nearly full but doubled details on other side, minor corrosion, nice toning, Pedigreed to Heritage auction #3000, lot #50457, Besalu collection. Estimate: $750-$1,100.

96

380. Cartagena, Colombia, cob 8 reales, Philip IV, assayer not visible (ca. 1630), rare. KM-3.4. 24.5 grams. Thick but crude from corrosion, with distinctively neat shield, faint VIII to left, decent full cross. With certificate. Estimate: $250-$375.

379. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1652E transitional, McLean Type VII/A, scarce. S-P37, KM-A20.7. 25.7 grams. Very solid and well-preserved coin with nice but off-center shield, full and well-centered pillars with monogrammed HP (looks like an N) below intricate crown at top, no corrosion, attractively toned. Pedigreed to our Treasure Auction #3, lot #137. Estimate: $800-$1,200.

Vergulde Draeck (“Gilt Dragon”), sunk in 1656 off Western Australia

383. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1654P. S-M19, KM-

381. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1652P. S-M19, KM-

Completely full and bold date and oMP, very bold, with nearly full shield and super full cross, flat peripheries, no corrosion, darkly toned as usual, with highly desirable WAM certificate. With Western Australian Museum certificate #4010 and pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $400-$600.

45, CT-360. 25.8 grams.

45, CT-356. 26.0 grams. Atypically round flan with very choice full

date and oMP, also full shield, denomination 8 and cross-lionscastles, darkly toned but nearly corrosion-free, one of the finest specimens with a highly desirable WAM certificate to boot.

With Western Australian Museum certificate #4001 and pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $450-$675.

384. Bogotá, Colombia, cob 8 reales, 1651PoRMS, rare and choice, Plate Coin in The Practical Book of Cobs (4th edition, 2007). S-B7, KM-7.1, CT-526. 25.8 grams. Pristine (Mint State) details on both sides, no doubling, well centered, and also no corrosion, very bold and full assayer PoRMS but lacking a clear date (barely readable as 1651) on the other side of the pillars, darkly toned and very solid. Plate Coin on page 133 of The Practical Book of Cobs (4th edition, 2007). Estimate: $2,500$3,750.

382. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1653P. S-M19, KM45, CT-358. 27.0 grams. Solid and uncorroded coin with bold 53 of date, full oM, good full shield and cross, flat peripheries.

Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

97

San Miguel el Arcángel (“Jupiter wreck”), sunk in 1659 off Jupiter Inlet, east coast of Florida 385. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1655/4P, rare. SM19, KM-45, CT-361. 24.3 grams. Full 55 of

date with fairly clear 5/ 4, full cross and nearly full shield on a rounder flan than most (very thick), moderate surface corrosion here and there with spots of toning. Estimate: $200-$300.

Unidentified ca.-1667 wreck off Sicily, Italy 386. Fosdinovo, Italian States, luigino, 1667-A, scarce. KM-unlisted. 2.0 grams. Nicely uncorroded and beautifully toned specimen with portrait of ruler’s widow on obverse and crowned arms (three fleurs-de-lis, as these were imitative of fractional French coins of the popular ecu series) splitting the date on reverse. The unidentified shipwreck source of this coin and others like it also yielded Mexican and Spanish cobs. Estimate: $90-$135.

Sacramento, sunk in 1668 off Bay of All Saints, Bahia, Brazil

387. Lisbon, Portugal, 400 reis, John IV, with “S00” (500 389. Porto, Portugal, 200 reis, John IV, with “2S0” (250 reis, 1663) countermark of Brazil. 16.0 grams. Choice full shield with bold denomination 400 and king’s ordinal IIII, full and bold cross with perfect countermark, a little thin from corrosion but much better than most from this wreck.

Estimate: $250-$375.

reis, 1663) countermark of Brazil. 6.0 grams. Very bold, deep countermark on cross with bold P mintmarks, full crown and shield, bold king’s ordinal IIII, thin from light corrosion.

Estimate: $150-$225.

390. Lisbon, Portugal, 200 reis, John IV, with “2S0” (250 388. Lisbon, Portugal, 400 reis, John IV, with “S00” (500 reis, 1663) countermark of Brazil. 18.0 grams. Solid flan but with somewhat weak shield (nice crown though) and not much contrast, bold cross with very deep and bold countermark, minimal corrosion. Estimate: $200-$300.

reis, 1663) countermark of Brazil). 8.0 grams. Very bold full cross with deep and perfect countermark, weak shield side but with full king’s name and ordinal, light corrosion. Estimate: $150-$225.

98

392. Lot of 8 fragments of Portuguese 200 reis with 250-reis countermarks and 100 reis with 120-reis countermarks (4 of each) of Brazil (1663). 22.0 grams total.

Very thin and heavily corroded coins, yet each one with just enough detail to attribute, fun lot for studying the countermarks. Estimate: $100-$150.

391. Lisbon, Portugal, 200 reis, John IV, with “2S0” (250 reis, 1663) countermark of Brazil). 6.0 grams. Thin from corrosion but with even and well-detailed strike, including full shield, cross, countermark and especially the crown. Estimate: $150-$225.

393. Lot of 2 smaller Portuguese coins. 3.0 grams total. Thin coins, very corroded, but with enough details to confirm the denominations (medio tostão of João IV with 60-reis Brazilian countermark and 80 reis of Alfonso VI). Estimate: $30-$45.

Unidentified wreck sunk ca. 1671 in Seville Harbor, Spain

394. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1664E. S-P37a, KM-21, CT- 396. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1667E, Charles II (ordinal visible). S-P37b, KM-25, CT-492. 13.2 grams. Full pillars, most of cross, 2 dates, king’s ordinal in legend, most with much flatness and darkly toned, no corrosion. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection.

Estimate: $175-$250.

453. 25.3 grams. Super well-detailed full crown above full cross, bold waves, 2 mintmarks and assayers and parts of 3 dates, lightly tan-toned with minor corrosion and flatness. With certificate and pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $250$375.

395. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1669E. S-P37b, KM-26, CT- 397. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1668E. S-P37b, KM-25, CT344. 26.1 grams. Bold 69 date between full pillars, 669 below cross,

493. 12.2 grams. Full pillars and cross despite much flatness, dark

partial third date in legend, 2 bold assayers, darkly toned but not much corrosion. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $225-$325.

toning, light corrosion, minor edge-split. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

99

398. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1669E. S-P37b, KM-25, CT-494. 12.3 grams. Well-centered pillars with 2 dates on that side, date also below most of cross, some flatness but really no corrosion, darkly toned. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $175$250.

399. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1670E. S-P37b, KM-25, CT-495. 13.5 grams. Solid flan with full cross, bold waves, 2 pillars-side dates, darkly toned but no corrosion. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

400. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1671E. S-P37b, KM-25, CT-496. 13.7 grams. Nearly full and well-centered cross and pillars, no corrosion, darkly toned, crack in edge. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

Consolación (“Isla de Muerto shipwreck”), sunk in 1681 off Santa Clara Island, Ecuador

401. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1652E, post-transitional,

403. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1667E, Charles II (part

1-PH-(6) at top. S-P37a, KM-21, CT-434. 15.0 grams. Thin “razor” with nice details, full pillars-and-waves and cross, bold PH, all well centered. With photo-certificate Estimate: $150-$225.

of name visible). S-P37b, KM-26, CT-342. 23.9 grams. Extra large flan with great full pillars-and-waves, full cross, 2 dates, moderate corrosion. With ROBCAR photo-certificate. Estimate: $125-$200.

402. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1665E. S-P37a, KM-21, CTChoice full cross and pillars despite moderate corrosion, nice crown, 2 dates, edge-split. With ROBCAR photocertificate. Estimate: $125-$200.

454. 20.5 grams.

404. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1670E. S-P37b, KM-26, CT345. 21.0 grams. Very

bold date between pillars, full cross, round flan, corroded. With photo-certificate Estimate: $150-$225.

100

405. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1672E. S-P37b, KM-26, CT- 409. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1678E. S-P37b, KM-26, CTChoice specimen with full and beautiful pillars, full cross with super castles, bold mintmark, minimal corrosion.

With ROBCAR photo-certificate. Estimate: $175-$250.

347. 22.5 grams.

Bold pillars and waves, crude cross, 2 dates, corroded. With photo-certificate. Estimate: $150-$225.

354. 20.0 grams.

410. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1679C. S-P38, KM-26, CT406. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1672E. S-P37b, KM-26, CT347. 20.8 grams. Nice full cross, nearly full pillars, full 1672 date in

legend, light to moderate corrosion. With ROBCAR photocertificate. Estimate: $150-$225.

357. 21.0 grams. Very bold full pillars with particularly bold date and C’s, also full cross, but all badly double-struck, light corrosion only. With photo-certificate. Estimate: $150-$225.

411. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1679C. S-P38, KM-26, CT407. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1675E. S-P37b, KM-26, CTFull pillars with bold P and 8 and E, full but corroded cross, weak date. Estimate: $75-$110.

350. 22.3 grams.

357. 24.2 grams. Nice full cross, very bold waves, 2 strong mintmarks and assayers, minimal corrosion. With ROBCAR photo-certificate. Estimate: $150-$225.

408. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1676E. S-P37b, KM-26, CTFull pillars and waves with clear date, good full cross with bold second date, one bold assayer, some flatness but not much corrosion. With ROBCAR certificate #090111.

Estimate: $150-$225.

351. 21.7 grams.

412. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1679C. S-P38, KM-26, CT357. 19.2 grams. Full cross above bold date,

full pillars and waves with bold P and C, light corrosion, edge-split. With ROBCAR photo-certificate. Estimate: $150-$225.

101

413. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1679C. S-P38, KM-26, CT- 415. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1680V. 357. 23.9 grams. Three dates and bold assayer C despite flat areas

and some doubling, no corrosion. With ROBCAR photo-certificate.

Estimate: $125-$200.

S-P39, KM-26, CT-

Full but off-center cross with bold date below and (CA)ROLVS II in legend, well-centered but corroded pillars with second date. With ROBCAR photo-certificate. Estimate: $125-$200.

361. 18.3 grams.

416. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1672/1E, rare. S-P37b, KMunlisted. 3.8 grams. Excellent full pillars and waves and nice cross,

414. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1679V. S-P39, KM-26, CT- 2 dates (one with very clear overdate), 3 mintmarks, no visible 359. 19.0 grams. Bold

full pillars with clear date and assayer and POTO(SI), but very crude cross due to corrosion. With photocertificate. Estimate: $150-$225.

corrosion but quite underweight (probably as made). With ROBCAR photo-certificate. Estimate: $125-$200.

417. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1672E. S-P37b, KM-24, CT-599. 5.2 grams. Full and well-centered cross, full but off-center pillars, 2 dates, some corrosion. With ROBCAR certificate #090166. Estimate: $90-$135.

418. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1672E. S-P37b, KM-24, CT-599. 3.4 grams. Nice full pillars with bold P and 2 and PERV in legend, off-center cross with bold P to left, full crown above, no visible corrosion but quite underweight (probably as made), with large edge-split. With ROBCAR photo-certificate. Estimate: $90-$135.

419. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1674E.

S-P37b, KM-24, CT-601. 6.8 grams. Bold full pillars with choice date, full and wellcentered cross, flat peripheries, no corrosion, very solid. With ROBCAR photo-certificate. Estimate: $90-$135.

420. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1678E. S-P37b, KM-24, CT- 421. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1679C. 606. 5.1 grams. Broad flan with great full pillars, full but partially

flat cross, 3 mintmarks, 2 assayers, 2 weak dates, light corrosion only. With ROBCAR certificate #090110. Estimate: $90-$135.

S-P38, KM-24, CT-

607. 2.6 grams. Full but doubled cross with clear date below, full but off-center pillars and waves, with second date and C and P, thin from corrosion but bold details. With ROBCAR certificate #090117. Estimate: $90-$135.

102

422. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, Philip IV, assayer TR. SP29, KM-12a. 3.0 grams. Round with thick edge, clear assayer, about

429. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1677E. S-P37b, KM-23, CT-713.

half of shield and cross due to flatness, virtually no corrosion.

With ROBCAR certificate #090112. Estimate: $60-$90.

3.3 grams. Choice pillars side with 2 dates, third date below nearly

423. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, Philip IV, assayer not visible. KM-12a. 2.4 grams. Small, thick flan with nearly full shield, good but incomplete cross, no corrosion. With ROBCAR certificate #090127. Estimate: $60-$90.

424. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1657E.

2.0 grams. Choice full cross with mintmark and date and king’s ordinal II, full but corroded pillars and waves, a bit thin. With ROBCAR certificate #090119. Estimate: $80-$120.

431. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1678E. S-P37b, KM-23, CT-714.

2.2 grams. Small, turnip-shaped flan with good cross and pillars,

2 bold date, some flatness and a bit thin from corrosion. With ROBCAR certificate #090120. Estimate: $80-$120.

S-P37a, KM-13, CT-

Completely full pillars with clear date and denomination, most of cross with second date below, very much overweight, no corrosion. With ROBCAR certificate #090165.

Estimate: $80-$120.

1065. 4.8 grams.

426. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1666E.

430. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1677E. S-P37b, KM-23, CT-713.

S-P37a, KM-13, CT-

Bold full pillars with clear date, full cross, light corrosion. With ROBCAR certificate #090130. Estimate: $80$120.

1057. 2.4 grams.

425. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1665E.

full cross, king’s name in legend, no corrosion. With ROBCAR certificate #090113. Estimate: $80-$120.

S-P37a, KM-13, CT-

1066. 3.0 grams. Good

full cross, one bold and complete pillar, 2 dates, thin from corrosion. With ROBCAR certificate #090129.

Estimate: $80-$120.

432. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1678E. S-P37b, KM-23, CT-714.

Great bold waves with date above, nearly full cross, some corrosion. With ROBCAR certificate #090116. Estimate: $80-$120.

2.7 grams.

433. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1679C. S-P38, KM-23, CT-716.

4.1 grams. Crude

edge, full pillars, nearly full off-center cross, 2 dates and 3 assayers, no corrosion (in fact overweight). With ROBCAR certificate #090122. Estimate: $80-$120.

427. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1668E. S-P37b, KM-23, CT-704. 434. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1679C. S-P38, KM-23, CT-716.

2.3 grams. Excellent

full pillars-side details, full cross, thin from corrosion but still rather nice. With ROBCAR photo-certificate.

Estimate: $80-$120.

2.0 grams. Perfect full pillars, most of cross, 2 bold mintmarks, thin flan from corrosion. With ROBCAR photo-certificate #7117.

Estimate: $60-$90.

428. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real,

435. Uncleaned clump of 3 Potosí, Bolivia,

1673E. S-P37b, KM-23, CT-709. 2.4 grams. Bold cross, more flatness than usual, 2 weak dates, some corrosion. With ROBCAR certificate #090121. Estimate: $80-$120.

cob 1 reales. 9.6 grams. Solid coins completely engulfed in crystallized sediment (green and brown), hence no details visible, cute little stack.

Estimate: $60-$90.

103

436. Uncleaned clump of 3 Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 reales. 9.2 grams. Solid coins covered with brown and green crystallized sediment, some shell bits, small but attractive display. Estimate: $60-$90.

440. Partially cleaned 2-coin clump of Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 reales. 4.8 grams. Thick stack with details visible on both coins (bold denomination I), solid coins. Estimate: $60-$90.

437. Attractive clump of 2 Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 reales.

8.1 grams. Really neat display with

one clean coin at a right angle to the 2 others in a tight sandwich, the one on the bottom also clean but the top one covered in debris, solid coins. Estimate: $70-$100.

437

438. Partially cleaned 2-

441. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, 1676. S-P37b, KM-22, CT-828.

coin clump of Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 reales. 7.5 grams. An offset stack, one coin with full pillars, both a bit corroded but solid, brown toned. Estimate: $60-$90.

0.7 gram. Small and thin but with full cross and monogram and bold date, rare denomination as from a shipwreck. With ROBCAR certificate #090126. Estimate: $50-$75.

439. Partially cleaned 2-coin

442. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, 1676.

S-P37b, KM-22, CT-

Choice full cross, full but weak monogram, thin from corrosion, rare denomination as from a shipwreck With ROBCAR certificate #090125. Estimate: $50-$75.

828. 0.6 gram.

443. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, 167? KM-22. 0.7 gram. Thin

clump of Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 reales. 5.4 grams. Stack of 2 with one coin showing full and intricate pillars, the other cocooned in brown crud.

Estimate: $60-$90.

and somewhat crude but with bold partial date and king’s ordinal II prominent in legend, rare denomination as from a shipwreck With ROBCAR certificate #090114. Estimate: $50-$75.

Joanna, sunk in 1682 off South Africa

444. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, (1)680L, scarce with clear date. S-M21, KM-46, CT-280. 22.0 grams. Clear 80 of date and mintmark oM, some shield and cross but mostly flat all over, some corrosion. With original certificate from the salvagers.

Estimate: $100-$150.

445. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, 1681L, odd shape, rare. S-M21. 12.6 grams. Very curiously shaped coin (impossible to describe), and above average details with clear date, full oML, full cross and most of shield, minimal corrosion. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

104

446. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip IV or Charles II, assayer not visible. 8.0 grams. Nearly full shield, off-center cross, thin from corrosion and silvery from cleaning.

With original certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $50-$75.

Unidentified late-1600s wreck in the English Channel 447. Lot of 9 French coppers of Louis XIV. 1.3 to 3.2 grams each. Various small coppers (liards, double deniers, etc.) in generally worn and/or corroded condition but all with at least some detail. Estimate: $50-$75.

Merestein, sunk in 1702 off South Africa

448. Brabant (Brussels mint), Spanish Netherlands,

449. Brabant (Brussels mint), Spanish Netherlands,

portrait ducatoon, Philip IV, 1657. KM-72.2. 23.0 grams. Broad flan with all important details clear (portrait, date, mintmark) but very worn and corroded. With original certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $60-$90.

portrait ducatoon, Philip IV, 1659, with important pedigree. KM-72.2. 31.4 grams. Solid, broad-planchet specimen with bold legend (especially the date and mintmark) around full portrait, other side a little worn and corroded but still very readable. From the 1975 Treasure of the Sea auction featuring the finds of J.A. Robertson (see lot 2058 in the Auction Catalogs section), with certificate signed by the salvager. Estimate: $125-$200.

105

450. Campen, United Netherlands, “rider” ducatoon, 1667. KM-61.1. 26.0 grams. Thin and dark from salvage but with clear knight on horse and fairly bold legends. With original certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $60-$90.

452. Lot of 2 separate “biscuitized” (cocooned in oxidation) Dutch ducatoons. 54.0 grams. Two extremely thin coins loaded with black oxidation surmounted by white, tan and green debris, interesting artifacts but almost certainly useless as individual coins. With original certificate from the salvagers.

Estimate: $80-$120.

451. Clump of 3 “biscuitized” (cocooned in oxidation) Dutch ducatoons. 94.0 grams. Black puck of heavy silver coins that were totally sulfided in the sea, no details visible, great for a paperweight but possibly cleanable to yield at least one decent coin (based on the weight). With original certificate from the salvagers.

Estimate: $125-$200.

453. Campen, Netherlands (Holy Roman Empire), 6 stuivers (schelling), Matthias I (early 1600s). KM-22. 3.0 grams.

Thin, low-grade silver coin with double-headed eagle and coatof-arms (both fairly clear despite wear), some good legend. With original certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $40-$60.

Association, sunk in 1707 off the Scilly Isles, southwest of England

454. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1677E. S-P37b, KM-26, CT- 455. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1686VR. S-P40, KM-26, CTRather nice specimen for this wreck, with very bold full pillars and cross, nicely centered, 3 mintmarks and 2 assayers, minimal corrosion. With generic certificate and pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $250-$375.

352. 24.7 grams.

369. 25.0 grams. Full pillars and waves, good and nearly full cross, bold (CA)ROLVS in legend, clear date, 3 assayers, minimal corrosion. Estimate: $150-$225.

106

456. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1688VR, with canvas imprint. S-P40, KM-26, CT-373. 24.6 grams. Bold main date between pillars, partial second date below nearly flat cross, weakly struck and corroded all over but remarkable as showing an imprint of the original canvas bag that contained the coins on the cross side. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $125-$200.

458. London, England, half crown, William III, 1697. Sp3487, KM-491.7. 15.0 grams. Very solid, uncorroded coin with spots

of toning against silvery surfaces, choice overall. Estimate: $90-$135.

459. Spain (mint uncertain), copper 4 maravedís, Philip IV (countermarked), with Roland Morris pedigree. 2.5 Very common and unassuming copper coin (showing several countermarks like VI and IIII and a partial date) with varying shades of color (green and brown) from oxidation, rare or even unique as from this wreck but supported with old pedigree. Accompanied by a photocopied letter signed by Roland Morris guaranteeing (personally) that this coin came from this wreck. Estimate: $40-$60. grams.

457. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1694VR. S-P40, KM-26, CT380. 24.0 grams. Most of cross and pillars, 2 partial dates, much flatness and edge-split but not a ton of corrosion, also darkly toned. Estimate: $100-$150.

DeLiefde, sunk in 1711 off the Shetland Islands, north of Scotland

461. Utrecht, United Netherlands, “rider” ducatoon, 1711.

460. Utrecht, United Netherlands, “rider” ducatoon, 1711.

Choice specimen with no corrosion, nice toning, all details bold, just a bit of weak strike here and there.

Estimate: $125-$200.

KM-83.1. 33.0 grams.

KM-83.1. 32.0 grams. Choice

and fully detailed (no weakness, no corrosion), nicely toned, yet somehow lower in weight that the last lot. Estimate: $125-$200.

107

1715 Fleet, east coast of Florida

465. Mexico City, Mexico, cob (17)14/3(J), very rare.

462. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Charles II, assayer not visible, with natural bubble-hole. KM-46. 27.0 grams. Full cross and shield, worn but not corroded, but most impressive for its rather large natural hole from a bubble in the original strap from which the planchet was cut. Estimate: $100-$150.

S-

M22, KM-unlisted. 25.3 grams. Very

solid and uncorroded but with much flatness, yet the date is very bold and shows a clear 4/3, also good cross, lightly toned around edge only. From the 1715 Fleet, with original Treasure Salvors certificate signed by Mel Fisher.

Estimate: $300-$450.

463. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, (oM)L, 466. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1715J, full date,

scarce, odd shape. S-M21a, KM-47. 25.5 grams. Very strange shape with two “feet” (one fat and one tiny and pointed), bold shield, good cross, clear assayer L (scarce for this king), virtually no corrosion. From the 1715 Fleet, with original Treasure Salvors certificate signed by Mel Fisher. Estimate: $150-$225.

choice. S-M22, KM-47, CT-744. 25.7 grams. An amazing coin with 100% full date and crown, also choice full cross, solid and uncorroded, interesting shape, nicely toned, probably the best specimen we have ever seen, and with a desirable pedigree as well. With old Real Eight Co. certificate signed by John Jones. Estimate: $1,000-up.

464. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1713J, rare. S-M22, KM-47, CT-742. 26.0 grams. Choice, uncorroded specimen with bold

oMJ and clear 171 of date (last digit weak but confirmed by style, somewhat similar to the counterparts in gold), good cross and half of shield, nicely toned (some of it dark). Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

467. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer not visible, interesting “Coke® bottle” shape. KM-47. 26.4 grams. Very long shape that resembles a Coke® bottle, full shield and cross, bold denomination 8, a little worn but no corrosion.

Estimate: $125-$200.

108

468. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer 471. Lot of 4 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V,

not visible. KM-47. 18.1 grams. Bold and nearly full shield and cross, clear mintmark oM, nicely toned but thin from corrosion, valuable for its original (early) certificate. With original Treasure Salvors certificate (1960s vintage) hand-signed by Mel Fisher and Rupe Gates. Estimate: $200-$300.

assayers not visible. KM-47. 11.2 to 25.7 grams each (87.6 grams total). Three solid coins (a little worn and flat but not terribly corroded, some detail) plus one heavily pitted and corroded down to 4R size. Estimate: $125-$200.

469. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales “greenie,� Philip

472. Lot of 4 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V,

V(?), assayer not visible. KM-47. 30.1 grams. Solid coin that could have nice detail if cleaned but is probably more interesting in its as-found state with veneer of green and shell bits. Estimate: $150-$225.

assayer J or not visible. KM-47. 22.5 to 25.5 grams each (95.5 grams total). Four solid coins with light to moderate corrosion and wear, at least some detail visible on each one. Estimate: $125$200.

473. Clump of Mexico City, Mexico, cobs of Philip V, 470. Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer not visible.

KM-47. 22.9 grams. Long barrel-shaped flan with good shield, offcenter cross, some corrosion (mostly around edge). From a recently cleaned chest of coins found by the Real Eight Co. in the 1960s, with letter from Lou Ullian. Estimate: $75-$110.

assayers not visible: two 8 reales and one 4 reales. KM-47 and 40. 53.7 grams. Tight stack of three very solid coins (the 4R on top) with even brown coating all over augmented by shell bits. Estimate: $200-$300.

109

474. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, 1713J. S-M22, KM40, CT-1018. 12.7 grams. Choice bold and full date (rare thus), nearly

full cross, no corrosion but some curious surface spots of pure copper. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

477. Lot of 3 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip V, assayers not visible. KM-40. 11.5 to 13.3 grams each (37.2 grams total).

475. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip V, assayer Three nice coins with nearly full shields and crosses, light not visible. KM-40. 9.1 grams. Choice condition (no corrosion, comparatively high grade) with full and well-detailed cross and shield, darkly toned. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $100-$150.

corrosion only, attractively toned. Estimate: $125-$200.

476. Lot of 9 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip V, assayers not visible. KM-40. 105 grams total. Mostly solid coins (light to moderate corrosion) with fairly readable details, great lot for resale. Estimate: $160-$240.

478. Lot of 3 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip V, assayers not visible. KM-40. 11.5 to 13.1 grams each (37.3 grams total).

Solid coins with good details (nearly full shields and crosses), one darkly toned and interestingly shaped, minimal corrosion.

Estimate: $125-$200.

479. Lot of 3 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip V, assayers not visible. KM-40. 12.1 to 13.0 grams each (38.3 grams total).

Nearly full shields and crosses, solid coins with little or no corrosion. Estimate: $125-$200.

110

480. Lot of 2 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 2 reales “greenies,” Philip V(?), assayers not visible. KM-35. 5.8 and 5.9 grams. Two cute coins completely covered in a veneer of green with minute bits of debris, one of the coins an interesting shape. Estimate: $50-$75.

481. Mixed lot of 3 cobs: 2 Mexican 1 reales, Philip V, assayers not visible, and 1 Potosí 2 reales, 1699F(?). 2.7, 2.6 and 2.1 grams. Corroded but readable, each coin with a decent cross, the Potosí piece with dark encrustation. Estimate: $60$90.

485. Lot of 9 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1 reales “greenies.”

Small green coins, just the way they are found, with no details visible, possibly nice if cleaned but curious the way they are. Estimate: $90-$135.

1.9 to 3.7 grams each (25.1 grams total).

486. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1/2 real, (1)710J, rare.

S-

M22, KM-24, CT-1823. 1.8 grams. Bold 10 of

date and oM mintmark, most of cross, light corrosion and toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $125-$200.

487. Clump of 1 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1/2 real and a

482. Clump of 11 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1 and 1/2 reales, Charles II and Philip V, assayers not visible. 33.0 grams. Very cute compact clump with solid, somewhat readable coins cemented together by white, tan and green coral and oxidation, darkly toned. Estimate: $160-$240.

rock. 32.5 grams. This interesting artifact looks like a bunch of coins in a smooth coral cocoon, but best we can tell there is only one coin (solid but encrusted and unreadable), resting on top of two connected lumps of gray with white shells appending. Estimate: $50-$75.

483. “Greenie” clump of 2 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1 or 1/2 reales. 4.9 grams. Two small coins (no details visible but attributed by shape) sandwiched together and totally covered in tan, white and green sediment and oxidation, just the way they come from the wrecks. Estimate: $40-$60.

484. “Greenie” clump of 2 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1 488. Lima, Peru, cob 8 reales, 1711M. S-L20, KM-34, CT-634. reales. 6.5 grams. Two small coins (no details visible but attributed by shape) sandwiched together and totally covered in tan, white and green sediment and oxidation, just the way they come from the wrecks. Estimate: $40-$60.

26.7 grams. Choice, big-flan beauty with bold details, both

cross and pillars-and-waves nice but off-center, 100% corrosion-free.

With original Cobb Coin Co. (Fisher) photo-certificate #GS-180 from 1983. Estimate: $300-$450.

111

489. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayer B (5th period, rare with king’s ordinal visible) or R (curved leg), probably not actually from this wreck. S-P14a, KM-10, CT-121. 25.9 grams. A very solid but apparently salvaged specimen, with full shield and cross, lightly corroded with spots of toning, but really too early for the Fleet and probably from the San Martín (1618) instead, despite the accompanying certificate. With original Treasure Salvors certificate from 1967 hand-signed by Mel Fisher.

Estimate: $250-$375.

Le Chameau, sunk in 1725 off Nova Scotia, Canada 490. France (mint uncertain), ecu, 1725. 21.2 grams. Typical specimen with heavy wear and corrosion all around, yet with date remarkably clear and coated on one side with green and white shell bits. With certificate. Estimate: $35-$50.

Akerendam, sunk in 1725 off the coast of Norway 491. Holland, United Netherlands, 2 stuivers, 1724. KMLustrous, high-grade coin with no corrosion at all, variable toning, perfect details, just small and thin. With certificate. Estimate: $60-$90.

48a. 1.1 grams.

1733 Fleet, Florida Keys

492. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 1733F,

493. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 1733F,

rare. KM-103. 26.4 grams. AU details with nice toning, minimal corrosion, very attractive and well struck. From the “Coffins Patch” site, with photo-certificate #15 from the salvager. Estimate: $2,000$3,000.

rare. KM-103. 25.2 grams. Smooth, satin surfaces with light toning, broad flan, light corrosion only on part of edge, AU details.

From the “Coffins Patch” site, with photo-certificate #14 from the salvager.

Estimate: $1,500-$2,250.

112

Vliegenthart, sunk in 1735 off Zeeland, the Netherlands

494. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1732F. S-M26, KM47a, CT-764. 26.6 grams. Thick, rectangular

flan with full date and oMF, full cross, some weak strike but no corrosion. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

495. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1732/1(F). S-M26, 498. Lot of 2 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, Full and bold date with obvious overdate that looks like 2/9 (but really can’t be), full cross, interesting shape, some corrosion and spots of encrustation.

With certificate. Estimate: $150-$225.

KM-47a, CT-763. 24.7 grams.

assayers not visible, one with error in cross. 26.6 and 24.3 grams. Two solid coins with little or no corrosion but much flatness, the better of the two with lions and castles in the cross rotated from their proper positions (first of this error we have seen). With certificate. Estimate: $100-$150.

496. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1732F, weak final digit in date. S-M26, KM-47a, CT-764. 25.8 grams. Bold 173 of date, full oMF, good full cross, thick and solid coin but with light corrosion all over. With certificate. Estimate: $100-$150.

499. Gelderland, United Netherlands, “rider” ducatoon, 1734. KM-95.3. 32.6 grams. Choice, high-grade specimen (basically Mint State) with lustrous surfaces, perfect details, just a touch of corrosion near edge and variable toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

497. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1733F, scarce final date of cobs. S-M26, KM-47a, CT-766. 26.1 grams. Perfectly 4-sided flan with full and clear date, full cross and oMF, most of shield, lightly corroded and toned. With certificate. Estimate: $175-$250.

113

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500. Holland, United Netherlands, “rider” ducatoon, 501. Overijssel, United Netherlands, “rider” ducatoon, 1734. KM-90. 32.5 grams. Sheer perfection in a salvaged coin, totally corrosion-free and Mint State, with dark satin surfaces and hint of color in the rich toning. With certificate. Estimate: $250-$375.

1734. KM-80. 32.0 grams. Very nice specimen with minimal corrosion, excellent details, silvery surfaces. Estimate: $150$225.

502. Overijssel, United Netherlands, “rider” ducatoon, 1734. KM-80. 29.7 grams. A bit more worn than most but with nice details, also richly toned. With Hiron certificate. Estimate: $100-$150.

Rooswijk, sunk in 1739 off southeast England Cobs

503. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, (17)29R.

S-M24,

KM-47a, CT-754. 26.2 grams. Choice full shield, full cross and oMR,

weak but certain date, minimal corrosion but somewhat worn, with contrasting toning on fields. With certificate #AC1451.

Estimate: $125-$200.

504. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, (17)29(R), small natural bubble. S-M24, KM-47a, CT-754. 25.3 grams. Big, roundish flan with bold cross, most of crown and shield, weak but clear 29 of date above narrow, natural hole from bubble in original strap from which the planchet was cut, light corrosion, some toning. With certificate #AC3673. Estimate: $100-$150.

505. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1730, assayer not visible. KM-47a. 25.7 grams. Full and bold date and oM but assayer flat, full shield and cross, no corrosion but patchy toning. With certificate #AC7310. Estimate: $150-$225.

114

506. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, (1)730R. S-M24, KM-47a, CT-755. 25.9 grams. Nice full oMR and 30 of date, well-detailed shield, full but weak cross, no corrosion. With certificate #AC13013. Estimate: $125-$200.

507. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1730R. S-M24, KM-47a, CT-755. 26.5 grams. Thick, rectangular flan with full oMR, clear date, full shield, good full cross, minimal corrosion. With certificate #AC8901. Estimate: $100-$150.

508. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, (1)730(R). S-M24, KMBold date next to well-detailed crown (offcenter strike), good full cross, no corrosion but patchy toning. With certificate #AC11087. Estimate: $100-$150.

47a, CT-755. 26.2 grams.

509. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, (17)30(R). S-M24, KM-47a, CT-755. 26.4 grams. Very solid and corrosion-free specimen

with bold 0 of date, nice full shield and cross, light toning.

With certificate #AC5253. Estimate: $100-$150.

510. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, (17)30R. S-M24, KMChoice full cross, nice full crown above nearly full shield, clear oMR and 0 of date, no corrosion. With certificate #AC3675. Estimate: $90-$135.

47a, CT-755. 25.8 grams.

511. Lot of 5 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer R (1729-30). S-M24, KM-47a. 25.2 to 26.2 grams each. Very solid coins with nice detail, all with assayer visible and partial dates, little or no corrosion, mostly nicely toned. With certificates #AC3656, AC3670, AC4862, AC4880 and AC7313. Estimate: $350-$500.

115

513. Lot of 2 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer F (1730-32). S-M26, KM-47a. 26.5 and 26.4 grams. Two thick and solid coins with partial dates and good full crosses, one darkly toned but corrosion-free and with full oMF, the other very lightly corroded but nicely detailed. With certificates #AC3678 and AC13055. Estimate: $150-$225.

514. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, 1730R. S-M24, KM40a, CT-1026. 13.3 grams. Bold date and mintmark, nearly full cross,

512. Lot of 4 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V,

thick and uncorroded with patch of brown encrustation. With certificate #AC4896. Estimate: $125-$200.

assayer R (1729-30). S-M24, KM-47a. 26.2 to 26.7 grams each. Thick and very solid (also roundish) coins with good full shields and crosses, all but one with full oMR, little or no corrosion and nicely toned. With certificates #AC3276, AC4850, AC7297 and one without a number. Estimate: $300-$450.

515. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, 1730R. S-M24, KM40a, CT-1026. 13.1 grams. Bold oMR, full but weak date, nearly full

cross, no corrosion. With certificate #AC5045. Estimate: $100$150.

516. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip V, assayer R (1729-30). S-M24, KM-40a. 13.4 grams. Choice and totally uncorroded specimen with bold (o)MR, nice but off-center shield and cross, contrasting toning. With certificate #AC7563.

Estimate: $80-$120.

116

Klippes

517. Mexico City, Mexico, klippe 8 reales, 1733MF. S-M28, Beautifully full shield side, with all important details clear, also good full cross but with touch of peripheral corrosion, nicely toned. With certificate. Estimate: $600-$900.

KM-48, CT-768. 26.0 grams.

519. Mexico City, Mexico, klippe 8 reales, 1733MF. S-M28, Gorgeous, fully detailed and wellcentered strike with lovely contrasting toning, faint hint of corrosion at very edge. With certificate. Estimate: $600-$900.

KM-48, CT-768. 26.0 grams.

518. Mexico City, Mexico, klippe 8 reales, 1733MF. S-M28, 520. Mexico City, Mexico, klippe 8 reales, 1734MF. S-M28,

KM-48, CT-768. 28.0 grams. Completely corrosion-free (could pass

for non-salvage), with lightly toned satin surfaces, all crucial data clear, just a trifle worn. With certificate. Estimate: $600$900.

Almost perfectly square shape, with full inner details and most of legend, a bit scuffed (adjustment marks?) on both sides, no corrosion, lightly toned all over. With certificate. Estimate: $750-$1,100.

KM-48, CT-770. 26.0 grams.

Pillars

521. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 1733F.

522. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 1733MF.

KM-103, CT-775. 25.0 grams. XF details, minimal corrosion, patchy

KM-103, CT-776. 26.7 grams. Lustrous Mint State with faint toning,

toning, slightly off-center strike. With certificate #AC10875.

Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

bare trace of corrosion at edge, very choice specimen. With certificate #AC9313. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

117

526. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 1733MF. 523. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 1733MF. KM-103, CT-776. 24.9 grams. XF details despite very light corrosion

all over, nicely toned, slightly irregular edge (as made). With certificate #AC10931. Estimate: $800-$1,200.

BU (lustrous Mint State) shield side, faintly corroded pillars side, silvery surfaces, very solid (full weight). With certificate. Estimate: $800-$1,200.

KM-103, CT-776. 27.0 grams.

524. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 1733MF.

527. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 1734MF.

KM-103, CT-776. 25.9 grams. Choice, lustrous Mint State shield side,

KM-103, CT-778. 26.2 grams.

lightly corroded pillars side (XF details), attractively toned all over. With certificate #AC10930. Estimate: $800-$1,200.

Choice XF specimen with no corrosion, lovely even toning, perfect details, slightly off-center strike. Estimate: $250-$375.

525. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 1733MF. KM-103, CT-776. 25.4 grams. Nice XF details and attractive toning

528. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 1734MF.

despite traces of corrosion all over, also spots of dark encrustation. With certificate #AC10876. Estimate: $800$1,200.

KM-103, CT-778. 25.0 grams.

Lovely rainbow toning on fields highlighting XF details, minimal corrosion, off-center strike.

With certificate. Estimate: $200-$300.

529. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 1734MF. Bold details but lightly corroded in centers, the high points somewhat silvery. With certificate.

Estimate: $200-$300.

KM-103, CT-778. 26.0 grams.

118

530. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 1735MF.

534. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 1736MF.

KM-103, CT-779. 26.4 grams. Choice, lustrous AU shield side, lightly

Bold XF details with weak centers, dark encrustation on fields, no corrosion. With certificate.

Estimate: $200-$300.

corroded but fully detailed pillars side, no toning. With certificate #AC12829. Estimate: $200-$300.

KM-103, CT-780. 27.0 grams.

531. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 1735MF. KM-103, CT-779. 25.8 grams. XF details, minimal corrosion, slightly

off-center strike. With certificate. Estimate: $200-$300.

535. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 1737MF. Lustrous Mint State, very nicely preserved, with uneven rainbow toning, choice strike, center of shield weak. With certificate #AC12527. Estimate: $250-$375.

KM-103, CT-781. 26.4 grams.

532. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 1735MF. KM-103, CT-779. 27.0 grams. Bold details accentuated but dark brown encrustation on fields, slightly porous surface on pillars side. With certificate. Estimate: $200-$300.

536. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 1737MF. KM-103, CT-781. 26.5 grams. Lustrous Mint State with smooth, dark

fields and brown encrustation in crevices, choice details, minor corrosion on part of edge. With certificate #AC11810. Estimate: $200-$300.

533. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 1736MF. Lustrous AU shield side, XF pillars with faint adjustment marks in center, lightly toned. With certificate #AC11891. Estimate: $200-$300.

KM-103, CT-780. 26.4 grams.

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537. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 1737MF.

540. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 1737MF.

AU details against smooth, satin surfaces, richly brown-toned all over, no corrosion but old scratch (adjustment mark?) on worlds. With certificate #AC11808. Estimate: $200-$300.

KM-103, CT-781. 26.0 grams.

KM-103, CT-781. 26.8 grams.

Bold XF details despite hint of corrosion, dark patches here and there against silvery surfaces.

With certificate. Estimate: $200-$300.

541. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 1738MF. KM-103, CT-783. 27.0 grams. XF+

538. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 1737MF.

details, lustrous and corrosionfree, lightly toned all over. With certificate. Estimate: $200-$300.

Lustrous and beautifully toned AU, no corrosion, slightly off-center strike. With certificate #AC11809. Estimate: $200-$300.

KM-103, CT-781. 26.4 grams.

542. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 4 reales, Philip V, 1734/ 539. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 1737MF.

3MF, rare. KM-94, CT-1046. 13.0 grams. Broad flan with uncorroded XF+ details, clear overdate, center of shield weak. With certificate.

Estimate: $250-$275.

Smooth and satiny surfaces (a bit lustrous) with nice rich toning, XF-AU details but shield slightly weak, no corrosion but bits of dark encrustation. With certificate #AC5346. Estimate: $200-$300.

KM-103, CT-781. 26.4 grams.

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543. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 4 reales, Philip V, 1735MF. Attractively tan-toned all over contrasting with nice XF details, hint of corrosion only. With certificate #AC12922. Estimate: $175-$250.

KM-94, CT-1049. 12.6 grams.

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544. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 4 reales, Philip V, 1735MF.

546. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 4 reales, Philip V, 1737MF.

KM-94, CT-1049. 12.7 grams.

Bold XF detail despite very light corrosion, patchy toning. With certificate #AC7094. Estimate: $175-$250.

KM-94, CT-1052. 12.0 grams.

545. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 4 reales, Philip V, 1736MF.

547. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 4 reales, Philip V, 1738/

KM-94, CT-1050. 9.9 grams. Lustrous

and well-detailed pillars and date but rest of coin moderately to heavily corroded, patchy toning. With certificate #AC13664. Estimate: $100-$150.

Nice XF details despite very light corrosion, one dark patch but otherwise mostly silver in color.

With certificate #AC12924. Estimate: $175-$250.

7MF, rare. KM-94, CT-1053. 12.5 grams. Lustrous and high-grade shield side, pillars side lightly corroded but with clear overdate (R3 in Gilboy), nicely toned fields. With certificate #AC2959.

Estimate: $250-$375.

Hollandia, sunk in 1743 off the Scilly Isles, southwest of England 548. Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 1740MF, mounted shield-side out in bezel made from silver from the wreck, with chain. KM-103, CT-790. 39.3 grams. Fully detailed but lightly corroded, the reeded-flower bezel custom-designed and somehow stressed to look like salvaged silver, the links of the chain similarly done, a nice match and doubly historical as probably crafted in the 1970s. Estimate: $200-$300.

549. Utrecht, United Netherlands, “rider� ducatoon, 1659.

KM-46.1. 28.0 grams. Very bold and attractive details despite wear

and light corrosion, also lightly toned. With original Rex Cowan certificate. Estimate: $100-$150.

121

Princess Louisa, sunk in 1743 off the Cape Verde Islands, west of Africa

550. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 2 reales, 1731F. S-M26, KMTriangular flan with 100% full and bold date and oM, good but off-center cross, thick and uncorroded.

Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

35a, CT-1269. 6.1 grams.

552. Pyramidal clump of over 30 silver cobs and pebbles.

551. PotosĂ­, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1722Y. S-P43a, KM-31, CT882. 24.9 grams. Bold

main date between full pillars, full second date below flat cross, typically thick and chunky, appears to be uncorroded but piece of edge probably missing. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $175-$250.

229.8 grams. Large (3" x 2-1/2") and very attractive cluster of an almost uncountable amount of silver cobs arranged in a wonderful pyramid that trapped all kinds of pebbles and orange crud in the top, wonderfully solid and stable, the coins all dark and mostly featureless but clearly a mix of mints and denominations (some small, some large but eroded). With Arqueonautas box. Estimate: $1,500-$2,250.

Reijgersdaal, sunk in 1747 off South Africa

553. Guatemala City, Guatemala, cob 4 reales, 1737J.

S-

554. Guatemala City, Guatemala, cob 4 reales, 1739J. S-G1,

corroded details, weak but certain final digit of date, toned, scarce type as from a shipwreck. With red-plastic insert-tag and pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $125-$200.

KM-4, CT-958. 12.3 grams. Very thick and solid (uncorroded), with XF details (for type), nicely toned, clear date and assayer, scarce type as from a shipwreck. Estimate: $150-$225.

G1, KM-4, CT-956. 12.4 grams. Weakly struck and lightly

555. Mexico City, Mexico, klippe 8 reales, 1733MF. S-M28, KM-48, CT-768. 26.6 grams. Big flan with full inner details and much

legend (full date and king’s name), some weak spots but no corrosion, uneven toning, scarce type from this wreck. With generic certificate and pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $900-$1,350.

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556. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 1738MF. KM-103, CT-783. 25.8 grams. Very bold and beautiful details (XF) against rainbow-toned fields, corrosion only near part of edge, quite lovely overall. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

559. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 1742MF. Very choice shield side, very light corrosion on pillars side, beautifully toned all over. In small promotional case with certificate. Estimate: $250-$375.

KM-103, CT-793. 26.6 grams.

557. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 1739MF. KM-103, CT-787. 26.6 grams. AU details against smooth, satin surfaces graced with light toning, 100% corrosion-free, a choice beauty to be sure. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

560. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 1742MF. KM-103, CT-793. 26.1 grams. Choice XF details against lightly toned

fields, very light corrosion on pillars side only. With certificate.

Estimate: $200-$300.

558. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 1741MF. Darkly toned and lightly pitted but with all details full. Estimate: $125-$200.

KM-103, CT-791. 26.0 grams.

561. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 1743MF. Totally uncorroded and with choice XF details, nice but uneven toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

KM-103, CT-795. 26.4 grams.

562. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 1744MF. KM-103, CT-797. 26.8 grams. Choice and totally corrosion-free AU

with rich toning all over, nice strike, interesting variety with final digit of date too close to the penultimate digit. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

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563. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 4 reales, Philip V, 1740MF. KM-94, CT-1057. 13.5 grams. Lustrous UNC but with patchy toning,

no corrosion. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $200$300.

Bredenhof, sunk in 1753 off Mozambique

564. Large conglomerate of about 40 Dutch East India Co. copper duits dated 1752. 689 grams. A big chunk (5-1/2" x 4" x 3") of sea-rock impregnated with dozens of coins, all white and green with encrustation and wafer thin, the crud itself containing bits of glass and rounded at the bottom where it surrounded an onion bottle (see lot #1767), quite impressive and stable. With original certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $350-$500.

565. Compact but attractive clump of about 16 Dutch East India Co. copper duits dated 1752. 61 grams. Well-detailed coins in a very loose shuffle, some with green and white debris and encrustation, a nice little display. With original certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $150-$225.

566. Compact but attractive clump of about 16 Dutch East India Co. copper duits dated 1752. 62 grams. Small but dense clump, the coins protruding at all angles and all thickly encrusted with tan crud tinged with blue, some bright copper color peeking out. With original certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $150-$225.

567. Clump of 8 or more Dutch East India Co. copper duits dated 1752 with lots of debris. 215 grams. Large (4"), whitish lump of coins and crud with lots of green and tan colors too, the coins completely encased, also with bits of glass, a bit sandy but solid. With original certificate from the salvagers.

Estimate: $100-$150.

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Bredenhof, sunk in 1753 off Mozambique, and Admiral Gardner, sunk in 1809 off the southeast coast of England 568. Lot of two East India coppers: Dutch East India Co. duit 1752 and English East India Co. X cash 1808. 4.6 and 2.8 grams. Nice specimens with little or no corrosion, generally darkly toned, with clear details. Estimate: $30-$45.

Auguste, sunk in 1761 off Nova Scotia, Canada

569. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Ferdinand VI,

572. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Ferdinand VI,

1749MF. KM-104.1, CT-324. 26.1 grams. Choice pillars side with beautiful contrast (dark fields, silvery details), nice shield side but with weak center and less contrast, minimal corrosion, adjustment marks on worlds. Estimate: $200-$300.

1757MM. KM-104.2, CT-342. 26.5 grams. Darkly toned AXF with no corrosion, part of shield slightly weak, smooth fields.

Estimate: $200-$300.

570. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Ferdinand VI, 573. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Ferdinand VI, 1756MM. KM-104.2, CT-340. 26.2 grams. Nice XF+ details with satin surfaces graced with dark toning, bare trace of corrosion.

Estimate: $200-$300.

1758MM. KM-104.2, CT-343. 25.9 grams. Choice XF+ with even toning, no corrosion, slightly off-center pillars side. Estimate: $200-$300.

571. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Ferdinand VI, 574. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Ferdinand VI,

1756MM. KM-104.2, CT-340. 26.2 grams. Bold XF details, nice toning, faint trace of corrosion. Estimate: $200-$300.

1758MM. KM-104.2, CT-343. 26.2 grams. Deeply toned XF with satin surfaces, no corrosion, bits of encrustation. Estimate: $200-$300.

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Count Ernst Schimmelmann, sunk in 1781 off the Cape Verde Islands, west of Africa

575. Sweden (Avesta mint), copper “plate money” 4 577. Sweden (Avesta mint), copper “plate money” 2 dalers,

dalers, Fredrik I, 1723. KM-PM74. 2854 grams, 10-1/4" x 10".

Immense square “coin” with 5 clear stamps, the denomination above mint in the center and crowned king’s monogram above date in the corners (all bold), uncorroded surface but part of edge bent upward as found, deep brown color. With Arqueonautas certificate #MAI-010/99/CN/20412. Estimate: $700-$1,000.

Karl XII, 1716 with 1718 countermark (1-1/2 dalers), rare.

KM-PM46 (host), PM94 (countermark). 1309 grams, 7-1/4" x 7". Some corrosion but with 6 clear stamps, the 4 in the corners with crowned king’s monogram splitting 1716 date, the center mark showing denomination above mint, and an additional mark near the center with 1718 date, tougher early issue. With Arqueonautas certificate #MAI-010/99/CN/0008. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

576. Sweden (Avesta mint), copper “plate money” 4 dalers, Fredrik I, 1729. KM-PM74. 2484 grams, 9-1/2" x 9". Large square “coin” with 5 stamps, the center one with denomination above mint and 3 of the corners with crowned king’s monogram above date all bold but one of the corners corroded, a separate corner very much bent upward. With Arqueonautas certificate #MAI-010/99/CN/20459. Estimate: $700-$1,000.

578. Sweden (Avesta mint), copper “plate money” 2 dalers, Fredrik I, 1726. KM-PM71. 1193 grams, 7-3/4" x 7". Reddish and somewhat corroded specimen with choice stamp in center (denomination above mint), one clear stamp in corner and parts of 3 others (all with crowned king’s monogram above date), a few small holes from corrosion. With Arqueonautas certificate #MAI-010/99/CN/20294.01. Estimate: $500-$750.

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579. Sweden (Avesta mint), copper “plate money” 2 dalers, Fredrik I, 1728. KM-PM71. 944 grams, 6" x 6-1/2". Three bold full stamps (denomination above mint in center, 2 with crowned king’s monogram above date in corners), the other 2 cut off from heavy corrosion that took away about 15% off the edge. With Arqueonautas certificate #MAI-010/99/CN/20671. Estimate: $400-$600.

580. Sweden (Avesta mint), copper “plate money” 2 dalers, Fredrik I, 1750. KM-PM71. 1249, 8" x 7-1/2". Intact square shape but with surface corrosion, all 5 stamps still readable (denomination above mint in center, crowned king’s monogram above date in corners), nice light-brown color. With Arqueonautas certificate #MAI-010/99/CN/20373.02. Estimate: $400-$600.

581. Sweden (Avesta mint), copper “plate money” 2 dalers, Adolf Fredrik, 1756. KM-PM73. 1137 grams, 7-1/2" x 7-1/2". Two sides intact but the others corroded, with 3 stamps bold (denomination above mint in center, crowned king’s monogram above date in corners), somewhat rippled surface as made, even brown color. With Arqueonautas certificate #MAI-010/99/CN/ 20294.02. Estimate: $500-$750.

Nicobar, sunk in 1783 off South Africa

582. Sweden (Avesta mint), copper “plate money” 2 dalers, Fredrik I, 1742. KM-PM71. 1231 grams, 6-1/2" x 6-1/2". Somewhat pitted and with one corner corroded away, but 4 of the stamps clear (denomination above mint in center, crowned king’s monogram above date in corners), even brown color with spots of green. The wreck source for this piece, the Danish East Indiaman Nicobar, wrecked off South Africa in 1783, remains the largest single source of Swedish copper plate money of all time. With certificate. Estimate: $300-$450.

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Cazador, sunk in 1784 off New Orleans, Louisiana

583. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 2 reales, Ferdinand VI, 1757M (crowns alike), rare type from this wreck. KM-86.1, CT-497. 4.6 grams. Good pillars side (bold details) but half of shield side corroded away. With original certificate from the salvager.

Estimate: $75-$110.

584. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1783FF. KM-106.2, CT-933. 26.0 grams. Choice full details, especially the bust, and smooth surfaces (no pitting), nicely toned with some dark encrustation. Estimate: $125-$200.

585. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1783FF. KM-106.2, CT-933. 25.5 grams. Very choice bust, nicely contrasted against toned fields, with small patch of corrosion above, uncorroded reverse with slightly weak center. Estimate: $125-$200.

586. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1783FF. KM-106.2, CT-933. 22.7 grams. Good details despite corrosion on about 1/3 of the surfaces (yet bold date inside the corroded area), silvery but starting to tone. With special certificate. Estimate: $100-$150.

587. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1783FF. KM-106.2, CT-933. 24.2 grams. Bold pillars and bust part of edge corroded and all surfaces a bit “mushy� from sea-wear, starting to tone. Estimate: $50-$75.

588. Uncleaned clump of 10 Spanish colonial bust 8 reales (probably Mexico). 240.4 grams. A circular staircase of worn and corroded coins, mostly gray but with green, orange and tan in crevices, a solid and attractive display. Estimate: $500-$750.

589. Uncleaned clump of 7 Spanish colonial bust 8 reales (probably Mexico). 169 grams. A fallen stack of fairly solid but worn and featureless coins of a typical gray dappled with green and brown and white, great for a paperweight. Estimate: $350$500.

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590. Lot of 8 Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1783FF. KM-106.2, CT-933. 18.9 to 22.2 grams each. Polished (silvery) and moderately corroded but with clear details, great lot for resale. With special certificates. Estimate: $500-$750.

591. Lot of 8 Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1783FF. KM-106.2, CT-933. 17.8 to 21.4 grams each. Polished (silvery) and heavily corroded but with clear details, great lot for resale. With special certificates. Estimate: $400-$600.

592. Lot of 6 uncleaned Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1783FF. KM-106.2, CT-933. 21.3 to 24.2 grams each. Each coin crusty and corroded as found, lots of orange and some green color, but with some detail peeking out, interesting as examples of typical salvaged coins, or clean your own! With special certificates. Estimate: $300-$450.

Hartwell, sunk in 1787 off the Cape Verde Islands, west of Africa

593. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 594. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1780FF. KM-106.2, CT-930. 25.0 grams. Bold details all over despite light corrosion, minor flaw in edge. With original certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $70-$100.

1783FF. KM-106.2, CT-933. 24.0 grams. Bold details all over despite light corrosion. With original certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $70-$100.

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Unidentified late-1700s wreck in the English Channel 595. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 1 real, Philip V, 1738MF. KM-75.1, CT-1600. 2.0 g rams. Thin from corrosion but with bold details all over, rare provenance. Estimate: $60-$90.

596. Lot of 2 Dutch East India Co. copper duits dated 1787 and 1793. 2.5 and 2.4 grams. Nice before-and-after display (one cleaned and the other dark and green as found), thin from corrosion but with somewhat readable details, rare provenance.

Estimate: $40-$60.

597. Lot of 2 British coppers (halfpenny 1797 and a SSC token?). 12.4 and 3.3 grams. The larger coin (halfpenny) is thick and solid, with nice details (minimal corrosion), but the other coin is thin and worn and only shows enough detail to attribute to the South Seas Company (silver) issues of 1723 (token or contemporary counterfeit in copper?), rare provenance.

Estimate: $40-$60.

598. Lot of 5 French copper sols dated 1791. 5.7 to 10.7 grams Lightly corroded coins with clear details, varying shades of copper color, rare provenance. Estimate: $40-$60. each.

599. Strassbourg, France, bronze dĂŠcime, LAN 8 (17991800), with Royalist(?) countermark in center, possibly rare. 17.8 grams. Corroded but thick coin with bust on obverse and denomination and date on reverse, the centers partially pierced with a very deep countermark tentatively linked to Royalists during the French Revolution, rare provenance.

Estimate: $25-$40.

Leocadia, sunk in 1800 off Punta Santa Elena, Ecuador

600. Lima, Peru, bust 8 reales, Charles IV, 1795IJ. KM-97, 601. Lima, Peru, bust 8 reales, Charles IV, 1799IJ. KM-97, Full details despite moderate corrosion and thinning, scarce early date from this wreck. Estimate: $70$100.

CT-650. 17.3 grams.

Nice bust and other good details despite moderate corrosion, scarce from this wreck. Estimate: $70$100.

CT-654. 17.5 grams.

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602. Lima, Peru, bust 8 reales, Charles IV, 1800IJ. KM-97, CT-655. 25.3 grams. Superb example with full, uncorroded details

(AU), lightly toned. Estimate: $150-$225.

603. Lot of 2 Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 reales, Charles III and IV, dates and assayers not visible. 18.5 and 12.1 grams. Two heavily corroded examples that can at least be attributed to Potosí mint, which is scarce for this wreck. Estimate: $70-$100.

Unidentified ca.-1800 wreck off Europe 604. Great Britain, dollar, George III oval countermark (1797) on a Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1788FM. Sp-3765A, KM-632. 21.5 grams. This is the first time we have seen this scarce and popular issue (known affectionately as “the head of a fool on the neck of an ass”) from a shipwreck, and we just wish we knew what wreck it was! The countermark is very bold and clear (XF) and the host coin is fairly well detailed but moderately corroded. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection.

Estimate: $100-$150.

Admiral Gardner, sunk in 1809 off the southeast coast of England

605. Lot of 30 English East India Co. copper XX cash, 1808. KM-321. 274 grams total. Choice, cleaned specimens (light, matte color), no corrosion, top quality. Estimate: $450-$675.

606. English East India Co., copper X cash, 1808, mounted in 14K gold bezel for necklace with galleon for bale at top.

KM-320. 8.2 grams. Nice

specimen (no corrosion) with attractive bezel. Estimate: $100-$150.

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607. Super big clump of about 350 English East India Co. copper X cash, 1808. KM-320. 1600 grams, roughly 6-1/2" x 3" x 3".

This immense clump is dense with coins, hundreds of them, in as-found state, a series of disorganized stacks, dark in color but with a nice orange-white crust on one side where it must have been exposed, the details on exterior coins quite clear and in some places showing the reverse impressions of formerly attached coins. An incredible big chunk of coins, worth well beyond the total of its contents for its artifact value. Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.

608. Uncleaned clump of 8 English East India Co. copper X cash, 1808. KM-320. 41.4 grams. Tight stack of solid coins totally encrusted with blue-green oxidation. Estimate: $75-$100.

611. Lot of 35 English East India Co. copper X cash, 1808, 609. Lot of 50 English East India Co. copper X cash, 1808, darkly toned. KM-320. 232 grams total. Choice (top-quality) specimens, great for resale, nicely toned, no corrosion.

Estimate: $200-$300.

some uncleaned. KM-320. 161 grams total. Solid specimens with little or no corrosion, most cleaned to a light matte color but about a third of them dark and crusty as uncleaned. Estimate: $150-$225.

612. Lot of 115 uncleaned (as found) English East India Co. copper X cash, 1808. KM-320. 537 grams total. Large lot of

610. Lot of 50 English East India Co. copper X cash, 1808, totally uncleaned coins (as found), all of which appear to be darkly toned. KM-320. 234 grams total. Choice (top-quality) specimens, great for resale, nicely toned, no corrosion.

Estimate: $200-$300.

solid and uncorroded underneath a (sometimes thick) layer of crud and oxidation, great way to “clean your own� and retail them to tourists. Estimate: $150-$225.

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“Coconut wreck,” sunk ca. 1810 in deep water off Bermuda Mexico City, Mexico

613. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 2 reales, Charles III, 1763M. KM-87, CT-1328. 5.9 grams. Scarce early type for this wreck, no corrosion, clear details, just a bit worn (Fine), probably from circulation before the wreck. Pedigreed to the “Coconut wreck” Research Collection. Estimate: $250-$375.

616. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1784FM. KM-106.2, CT-936. 25.1 grams. Great details, minimal corrosion (and only on the reverse), starting to tone. Pedigreed to the “Coconut wreck” Research Collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

614. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1772MF (initials facing rim), rare. KM-106.1, CT-915. 25.5 grams.

Corrosion-free and nicely toned, just a bit worn (Fine) and with a couple fine scratches, probably from circulation before the wreck, rare variety with transposed assayers’ initials. Pedigreed to the “Coconut wreck” Research Collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

617. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles IV transitional (bust of Charles III, ordinal IV), 1789FM. KM107, CT-681. 25.5 grams. Nice specimen, uncorroded and very lightly toned, nice VF details. Pedigreed to the “Coconut wreck” Research Collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

615. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1773FM (initials facing rim). KM-106.1, CT-917. 25.0 grams. Very solid and nearly corrosion-free but with much wear and some old scratches. Pedigreed to the “Coconut wreck” Research Collection.

Estimate: $300-$450.

618. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles IV transitional (bust of Charles III, ordinal IV), 1790FM. KM107, CT-682. 25.7 grams. Nice specimen, uncorroded and very lightly toned, nice VF details. Pedigreed to the “Coconut wreck” Research Collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

619. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles IV, 1791FM. KM-109, CT-684. 25.5 grams. Lustrous and uncorroded (AXF) obverse, lightly corroded reverse, starting to tone.

Pedigreed to the “Coconut wreck” Research Collection. Estimate: $300$450.

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620. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles IV, 1792FM. KM-109, CT-685. 25.2 grams. Choice details contrasted against toned fields, no corrosion, slightly off-center obverse.

Pedigreed to the “Coconut wreck” Research Collection. Estimate: $300$450.

621. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles IV, 1793FM. KM-109, CT-686. 25.5 grams. Lustrous and uncorroded AXF with rainbow toning on reverse. Pedigreed to the “Coconut wreck” Research Collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

623. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles IV, 1795FM. KM-109, CT-689. 25.4 grams. Gorgeous, frosty AU with hint of toning and no corrosion. Pedigreed to the “Coconut wreck” Research Collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

624. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles IV, 1796FM. KM-109, CT-690. 25.1 grams. Nicely struck AXF with faint toning on fields, bare trace of corrosion on reverse, quite nice.

Pedigreed to the “Coconut wreck” Research Collection. Estimate: $300$450.

622. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles IV, 1794FM. KM-109, CT-687. 25.3 grams. Very attractively toned and corrosion-free XF with weak center on reverse, minor edgenick. Pedigreed to the “Coconut wreck” Research Collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

625. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles IV, 1797FM. KM-109, CT-691. 25.5 grams. Uncorroded XF with a touch of toning, a few weak areas and spots of orange but not to distraction. Pedigreed to the “Coconut wreck” Research Collection.

Estimate: $300-$450.

626. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles IV, 1798FM. KM-109, CT-692. 25.5 grams. Nicely toned and uncorroded VF with rim flaw. Pedigreed to the “Coconut wreck” Research Collection.

Estimate: $300-$450.

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627. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles IV,

630. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles IV,

1799FM. KM-109, CT-694. 24.9 grams. Solid VF, some toning and a hint of corrosion on reverse. Pedigreed to the “Coconut wreck” Research Collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

1802FT. KM-109, CT-698. 25.9 grams. Only AXF for wear but totally unaffected by the sea and starting to tone nicely around the letters. Pedigreed to the “Coconut wreck” Research Collection.

Estimate: $300-$450.

628. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles IV, 1800FM. KM-109, CT-695. 25.5 grams. Lovely XF+ or better with no corrosion, starting to tone. Pedigreed to the “Coconut wreck” Research Collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

631. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles IV, 1803FT. KM-109, CT-699. 25.4 grams. Lightly toned XF+ with no corrosion, nice strike, just lovely. Pedigreed to the “Coconut wreck” Research Collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

629. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles IV, 1801FT/FM. KM-109, CT-697. 25.1 grams. Lightly toned XF, no corrosion. Pedigreed to the “Coconut wreck” Research Collection.

Estimate: $300-$450.

632. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles IV, 1803FT. KM-109, CT-699. 25.3 grams. XF+, no corrosion, slightly shiny on high points but toned on fields, off-center strike.

Pedigreed to the “Coconut wreck” Research Collection. Estimate: $300$450.

633. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles IV, 1804TH. KM-109, CT-701. 25.8 grams. Lustrous, non-toned AU with no corrosion, some weakness on rim. Pedigreed to the “Coconut wreck” Research Collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

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634. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles IV,

637. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles IV,

1805TH. KM-109, CT-704. 25.8 grams. Lustrous, non-toned AU with no corrosion, a few very minor rim-flaws. Pedigreed to the “Coconut wreck” Research Collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

1808TH. KM-109, CT-709. 25.2 grams. Nice XF with bold details, no corrosion, starting to tone. Pedigreed to the “Coconut wreck” Research Collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

635. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles IV,

638. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Ferdinand VII

1806TH. KM-109, CT-705. 24.5 grams. AU details despite very light corrosion (almost all on reverse), beginning to tone. Pedigreed to the “Coconut wreck” Research Collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

(“armored” bust), 1808TH. KM-110, CT-537. 25.8 grams. Bold AU interior details, rims a bit weak, both as struck and from very light corrosion. Pedigreed to the “Coconut wreck” Research Collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

636. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles IV, 1807TH. KM-109, CT-707. 25.2 grams. Richly toned XF+, very attractive, with minimal corrosion only on reverse. Pedigreed to the “Coconut wreck” Research Collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

639. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Ferdinand VII (“armored” bust), 1809TH. KM-110, CT-539. 26.1 grams. Bright and beautiful XF+, no corrosion. Pedigreed to the “Coconut wreck” Research Collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

640. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Ferdinand VII (“armored” bust), 1809TH. KM-110, CT-539. 24.7 grams.

Uncorroded and lustrous XF with weak jaw and crown and part of rim, brockage error showing inverse of pillars behind head. Pedigreed to the “Coconut wreck” Research Collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

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641. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 4 reales, Charles III, 178(?)FF, extremely rare denomination from this wreck (only one found). KM-97.2. 10.8 grams. This is the ONLY 4 reales recovered in the entire find, and so it has value well beyond its quality and type might indicate (since there can only be ONE complete denomination set for this wreck), for it is moderately corroded (heavily pitted in places) and the date is not 100% (looks like 1780 or 1782), but at least the bust is well detailed and the crowned arms between pillars is full, with some light toning here and there. Pedigreed to the “Coconut wreck” Research Collection. Estimate: $500-$750.

642. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 1 real, Charles III, 1782FF. KM-78.2, CT-1564. 2.9 grams. Full-rim Fine with nice toning despite light corrosion on reverse. Pedigreed to the “Coconut wreck” Research Collection. Estimate: $125-$200.

643. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 1 real, Charles III, 1782FF. KM-78.2, CT-1564. 3.2 grams. Broad flan with very pronounced rims, lustrous and corrosion-free VF. Pedigreed to the “Coconut wreck” Research Collection. Estimate: $125-$200.

644. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 1 real, Charles III, 178(?)(??), probably used as a button. 1.2 grams. More of an artifact than a coin, this corroded and barely attributable piece has five small holes arranged in a cross pattern, making it suitable for use as a button or some part of a piece of jewelry. Pedigreed to the “Coconut wreck” Research Collection. Estimate: $50-$75.

645. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 1 real, Charles IV, 1803FT. KM-81, CT-1151. 3.1 grams. Lustrous XF+ with patchy red toning, no corrosion. Pedigreed to the “Coconut wreck” Research Collection. Estimate: $125-$200.

646. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 1/2 real, Charles III, 1776FM, desirable date. KM-69.2, CT-1768. 1.4 grams. Heavily worn (Good) but not really corroded, the all-important date clear. Pedigreed to the “Coconut wreck” Research Collection. Estimate: $75$110.

647. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 1/2 real, Charles III, 1781FF. KM-69.2, CT-1773. 1.6 grams. Nice clear details all over, minimal corrosion, Fine or so. Pedigreed to the “Coconut wreck” Research Collection. Estimate: $75-$110.

648. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 1/2 real, Charles IV, 1800FM. KM-72, CT-1294. 1.6 grams. AVF with nicely contrasting toning around letters, minimal corrosion. Pedigreed to the “Coconut wreck” Research Collection. Estimate: $75-$110.

Lima, Peru 649. Lima, Peru, bust 8 reales, Charles IV, 1805JP. KM-97, CT-662. 24.8 grams. Nice

XF details despite very light corrosion, no toning. Pedigreed to the “Coconut wreck” Research Collection.

Estimate: $300-$450.

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650. Lima, Peru, bust 8 reales, Charles IV, 1806JP. KM-97, 651. Lima, Peru, bust 2 reales, Charles III, 1788IJ. KM-76a, Lustrous AU+ with hint of toning, no corrosion. Pedigreed to the “Coconut wreck” Research Collection.

Estimate: $300-$450.

CT-663. 25.8 grams.

CT-1286. 6.0 grams. Broad-flan Fine with minimal corrosion, no toning. Pedigreed to the “Coconut wreck” Research Collection.

Estimate: $250-$375.

Potosí, Bolivia

652. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1786PR. 653. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 reales, Charles IV, 1793PR. KMBold details on a big flan, lightly corroded and worn. Pedigreed to the “Coconut wreck” Research Collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

KM-55, CT-994. 24.8 grams.

73, CT-714. 25.0 grams. Big flan with pronounced rims due to poor

centering, VF grade with very light corrosion on reverse only.

Pedigreed to the “Coconut wreck” Research Collection. Estimate: $300$450.

654. Potosí, Bolivia, bust “1/2 real” (half-cut of a 1R), Charles IV, 1808PJ. 1.6 grams. A rare and curious example of “making small change” in its time, this neat cut is the better half of the deal, for it shows clearly the date and mintmark and assayer, worn and lightly corroded. Pedigreed to the “Coconut wreck” Research Collection.

Estimate: $50-$75.

Guatemala City, Guatemala

655. Guatemala City, Guatemala, bust 8 reales, Charles 656. Guatemala City, Guatemala, bust 8 reales, Charles IV, 1792M. KM-53, CT-621. 25.3 grams. Solid and beautiful XF+ with just a thin veneer of oxidation, starting to tone nicely.

Pedigreed to the “Coconut wreck” Research Collection. Estimate: $300$450.

IV, 1805M. KM-53, CT-637. 25.9 grams. Lustrous AU with practically no corrosion, parts of rims weak due to poor centering, starting to tone. Pedigreed to the “Coconut wreck” Research Collection.

Estimate: $300-$450.

138

657. Guatemala City, Guatemala, bust 2 reales, Charles IV, 1795M. KM-51, CT-918. 6.4 grams. Silvery AXF on a somewhat oval flan, no corrosion. Pedigreed to the “Coconut wreck” Research Collection. Estimate: $250-$375.

658. Guatemala City, Guatemala, bust 2 reales, Charles IV, 1798M. KM-51, CT-921. 6.6 grams. Highly lustrous AU+, no corrosion, small spots of toning. Pedigreed to the “Coconut wreck” Research Collection. Estimate: $250-$375.

Santiago, Chile 659. Santiago, Chile, bust 1/2 real, Ferdinand VII (bust of Charles IV), 1808FJ. KM-64, CT-1387.

1.6 grams. Uncorroded Fine with uneven rims and fields (as made), starting to tone. Pedigreed to the “Coconut wreck” Research Collection. Estimate: $75-$110.

France

660. France (Limoges mint), ecu, Louis XVI, 1779-I. KM-

661. France (Bayonne mint), ecu, Louis XVI, 1785-L. KM-

564.7. 26.5 grams. Bold full details despite light corrosion, rare

564.9. 24.3 grams.

as one of only 3 French coins found. Pedigreed to the “Coconut wreck” Research Collection. Estimate: $250-$375.

Toned Fine with no corrosion, rare as one of only 3 French coins found. Pedigreed to the “Coconut wreck” Research Collection. Estimate: $250-$375.

662. France (Republic), Bayonne mint (mintmark L), 5 francs, l’an 10 (1801-2). KM-639.6. 24.2 grams. Choice and uncorroded XF with weak center, starting to tone around the rims, rare as one of only 3 French coins found. Pedigreed to the “Coconut wreck” Research Collection. Estimate: $250-$375.

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Sabina, sunk in 1842 off South Africa

663. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles IV,

665. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Ferdinand VII,

1801FT/FM. KM-109, CT-697. 24.0 grams. Good details despite graininess from corrosion all over, richly toned, rare provenance. With original certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $75-$110.

1813JJ. KM-111, CT-551. 24.0 grams. Bold details despite moderate corrosion, deep toning, rare provenance. With original certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $75-$110.

664. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles IV,

666. Zacatecas, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Ferdinand VII,

1808TH. KM-109, CT-709. 22.0 grams. Moderately corroded but with all details barely visible, nicely toned, rare provenance.

With original certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $75-$110.

1821RG. KM-111.5, CT-697. 25.0 grams. Bold details, light to moderate corrosion, good toning, rare provenance. With original certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $75-$110.

Santo Andre, sunk in 1856 off the Cape Verde Islands, west of Africa

667. France, 5 francs, 18??-B (Rouen) EMPIRE FRANÇAIS (1809-14). KM-694.2. 22.6 grams. Bold bust of Napoleon on obverse, weak reverse due to corrosion, date only partially visible, starting to tone, rare type from this wreck.

With original certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $50-$75.

668. France, 5 francs, 1852-A (Paris). KM-773.1. 22.0 grams.

Choice details accentuated by contrasting toning, light corrosion only, rare type from this wreck. With original certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $60-$90.

140

669. Sardinia, Italy, 5 lire, 1835-P, anchor mintmark. KM-

671. Seville, Spain, 20 reales, Isabel II, 1851. KM-593.3, CT-

Finely detailed and well preserved (minimal corrosion), lightly toned, rare type from this wreck. With original certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $60-$90.

190. 25.0 grams.

113.3. 23.0 grams.

Beautiful XF details against attractively toned fields, minimal corrosion. With original certificate from the salvagers.

Estimate: $70-$100.

670. Philippines (under Spain), 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 672. Seville, Spain, 20 reales, Isabel II, 1855. KM-593.3, CTcrowned F.7.o countermark on Lima, Peru, 8 reales, 1833MM. KM-83, CT-536. 25.0 grams. Rare type as from a shipwreck (first we have seen), with bold full details, only lightly corroded, nicely toned. With original certificate from the salvagers.

Estimate: $70-$100.

193. 24.0 grams. AVF

with weak centers, nicely toned, very light corrosion. With original certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $60$90.

S.S. Republic, sunk in 1865 in deep water off Savannah, Georgia

673. USA, Seated Liberty half dollar, 1858-O, doubled 1, encapsulated NGC Shipwreck Effect. KM-A68. Mint State with a veneer of oxidation all over, professionally conserved.

Shipwreck name printed inside slab. Estimate: $250-$375.

674. USA, Seated Liberty half dollar, 1859-O, 9 in border, encapsulated NGC Shipwreck Effect. KM-A68. Lustrous Mint State but with traces of corrosion, professionally conserved. Shipwreck name printed inside slab. Estimate: $300$450.

141

Crescent City, sunk in 1871 off Ireland

675. San Luis PotosĂ­, Mexico, cap-and-rays 8 reales,

676. San Luis PotosĂ­, Mexico, cap-and-rays 8 reales,

1833JS. KM-377.12. 27.0 grams. Choice, lustrous XF, very bold, with completely uncorroded surfaces (just a few minor nicks), lovely toning, rare provenance, a British merchant steamship returning from New Orleans that sank in thick fog off Ireland with hundreds of thousands of Mexican silver coins, only some of which have been recovered in modern times. Estimate: $50-$100.

1868PS. KM-377.12. 27.0 grams. Nice AVF with no corrosion but a few shallow cuts, lovely toning, rare provenance, a British merchant steamship returning from New Orleans that sank in thick fog off Ireland with hundreds of thousands of Mexican silver coins, only some of which have been recovered in modern times. Estimate: $50-$100.

Unidentified steamship wreck sunk ca. 1900 in the San Juan River between Costa Rica and Nicaragua

677. Guatemala City, Guatemala, peso, 1869R.

KM-190.1.

24.7 grams. Nice Fine with dark sediment, no corrosion (portrait

of Carrera). Estimate: $60-$90.

678. Guatemala City, Guatemala, peso, 1882AE. 24.3 grams.

$200.

679. Guatemala, half real counterstamp of 1894 on Santiago, Chile, peso, 1885. KM-215. 24.5 grams. Host coin nice VF, attractively toned and corrosion-free, counterstamp Fine and a bit grainy. Estimate: $100-$150.

KM-208.

Nicely toned Fine, no corrosion. Estimate: $125-

680. Guatemala, half real counterstamp of 1894 on Lima, Peru, sol, 1891TF. KM-224. 24.4 grams. Well-detailed XF (both host and counterstamp), spots of dark encrustation here and there but no corrosion. Estimate: $60-$90.

681. El Salvador, peso, 1892-CAM. KM-115.1. 24.5 grams. Solid VF with spotty toning, no corrosion (portrait of Columbus).

Estimate: $125-$200.

142

682. Honduras, peso, 1887. KM-52. 24.7 grams. Deeply toned AVF, no corrosion. Estimate: $100-$150.

Various wrecks

683. Calhoun Collector’s Society boxed set of shipwreck coins (instant collection!). This is from a “coin-of-the-month” type of promotion in which, after ordering the fancy binder-case printed with “The Sunken Treasure Silver Coin Collection” on top, the client received a new coin from a different wreck in installments, and it is apparent that only mediocre coins (cheapest cost to promoters) were used (but at least they are all genuine). According to the accompanying flyer, each coin cost $150, and there are 19 here, each with its own small certificate from the promoter (plus others from divers and dealers), as follows: Potosí cob 8R Philip II P-B (5th period) from the “Rill Cove wreck” (ca. 1618); Westfriesland lion daalder 1624 from the Campen (1627); Santo Domingo copper 4 maravedís Charles-Joanna from the Maravillas (1656); Mexico cob 8 reales Charles II from the Joanna (1682); England shilling 1696 from the Association (1707); Utrecht rider ducatoon 1711 from DeLiefde (1711); Mexico cob 4 reales Philip V from the 1715 Fleet; Holland double stuiver 1724 from the Akerendam (1725); Potosí cob 1 and half reales from the Catalana (supposedly 1727, probably a fabrication); Mexico cob 8 reales 1730 from the Vliegenthart (1735); Mexico pillar 4 reales 1740, Westfriesland rider ducatoon 1734 and Brabant portrait ducatoon 1664 from the Hollandia (1743); Mexico pillar 8 reales 1740 from the Reijgersdaal (1747); Potosí cob 8 reales 1680V from the Piedmont (1795); English East India Co. copper XX and X cash 1808 from the Admiral Gardner (1809); and Madrid bust 8 reales 1816 from the Cabalva (1818). Estimate: $600-$900.

143

144

SESSION II: Thursday, October 15, 2009, 4:30 p.m.

SILVER COBS OF MEXICO CITY, MEXICO Charles-Joanna “Early Series” 684. Mexico City, Mexico, 4 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Early Series,” oMo to left, oPo to right. S-M4, KM-17, CT-74. 11.9 grams. Very darkly toned (uncleaned), with pristine pillars side but heavily corroded shield side, scarce first coinage of the New World. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $300$450.

Charles-Joanna “Late Series”

685. Mexico City, Mexico, 4 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” oM to left, L to right, encapsulated PCGS AU-53.

S-M9, KM-18, CT-85. Lustrous (no toning), typically nice strike with particularly bold legends, unusual to see in a slab (and with such a high grade). Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection.

Estimate: $500-$750.

687. Mexico City, Mexico, 2 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” M to left, L to right. S-M9, KM-12, CT-116. 6.7 grams.

Well-detailed AXF with no toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $175-$250.

688. Mexico City, Mexico, 1 real, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” oM to left, O to right. S-M10, KM-9, CT-150. 3.4 grams.

Typically well-detailed XF with attractively contrasting toning.

Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $100-$150.

686. Mexico City, Mexico, 4 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” M to left, G to right. S-M2, KM-18, CT-81. 13.3 grams.

Broad, round planchet with full details, shield side slightly doubled, richly toned XF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection.

Estimate: $350-$500.

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689. Mexico City, Mexico, copper 4 maravedís, CharlesJoanna, “Late Series.” KM-3.3, CT-203. 10.2 grams. Scarce this nice (uncorroded), VF with dark fields beneath lighter high points, slightly off-center strike. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection.

Estimate: $225-$350.

145

THE BROTHERS BEZERRA: A TALE OF TWO ASSAYERS “I think I found a typo in your book.”

The words caught me off guard. I mean, here was Augi, my extraordinary numismatic researcher but notoriously bad speller, telling me, Mr. Perfectionist, that my book, The Practical Book of Cobs, had an error. It simply could not be.

“What are you talking about?” was all I could say.

“In the Mexican assayers. You have this name ‘Bercerra’ but you meant ‘Bezerra’.”

He was referring to Gerónimo Bercerra on page 69, assayer for Mexican cobs from 1666 to 1677. I knew the name with that spelling had been passed from edition to edition of our book without comment and even appeared that way in other references.

“In Spanish we have the name ‘Becerra’, spelled in old documents as ‘Bezerra’, but not ‘Bercerra’.”

Augi, whose real name is Agustín García-Barneche, is from Argentina, and Spanish is not only his first language but his cultural heritage.

“OK,” I said, “if you prove it, then I will believe it.”

So Augi hit the books, or more accurately I should say he hit the Internet, specifically some virtual libraries and online databases of Hispano-American research. And it did not take long.

“I found it,” he said almost instantly. “Jerónimo Bezerra. He is mentioned in a thesis about metallurgy from Mexico a few years ago. And I think his brother was an assayer too.”

Those last nine words, really an offhand comment, were the key to solving a nagging mystery that was older than any numismatic researcher alive today. * * * The thesis Augi found is entitled Tres Constructores de Obras Científico-Técnicas de Minería y Metalurgia en la Nueva España del Siglo XVII: Luis Berrio de Montalvo, Jerónimo de Becerra y Juan del Corro (Three Developers of Scientific-Technical Works on Mining and Metallurgy in New Spain during XVII Century: Luis Berrio de Montalvo, Gerónimo de Becerra y Juan del Corro), written in 2000 by María Luisa Rodríguez-Sala for the Instituto de Investigaciones Sociales of the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) in Mexico. It is an advanced paper in the broad area of mining and metallurgy that has obvious connections to assaying. Just nobody bothered to look there for information about mint assayers. Like so many other fields, numismatics tends to ignore related fields and fills the gaps in information with what we see on the coins themselves.

In this case, however, the coins in question are among the most common and obvious of all Mexican silver cobs. In every edition of every book on cobs and assayers I have ever seen, there is no mention of a name for assayer P of the mid1600s (1634-1666). The coins in question comprise the bulk of finds from two major shipwrecks (the Concepción of 1641 and the Maravillas of 1656) and from countless hoards and finds around the world. The coins very typically show a clear and large “oMP” next to the shield, and, in the early 1650s at

least, very often show a surprisingly clear date in the peripheral legend. To finally have a name for this assayer means we can fully attribute hundreds of thousands of coins for the first time.

The research paper focuses on Gerónimo Becerra and his technical contributions to metallurgy. As a “renaissance man” of sorts, Becerra was a scientist, not only in the field of metallurgy but also in medicine, at least as it was defined in the 17th century. His work Anathomia Philosóphica (Philosophical Anatomy) was an important text in its time relating to psychology, in which Becerra explained intellectual, sensitive and emotional activities linked to the composition and operation of the five senses. As we know, however, he was not a medical doctor by trade but a coin assayer at the Mexican mint, as well as a technical researcher relating to that profession. By order of the mint in 1671 he wrote a 24-page paper entitled Breve relacion del ensaye de plata y oro (Brief relation of the assaying of silver and gold), a sort of training manual for performing assays written in a very baroque and flowery fashion. Note especially that he mentions gold, which was not being coined at the time. The silver coins produced during his tenure as assayer are marked with a large G for Gerónimo under the oM mintmark, which is seen for the dates 1666 through 1677. According to Ms. Rodríguez-Sala’s thesis, Becerra died on February 15, 1677, which, incidentally, explains why coins of that date with his initial are so rare.

But even more important was how Becerra got the job as assayer in the first place. According to the thesis, Gerónimo had an older brother, Pedro, who was assayer before him and in fact passed the office to him due to illness. While nothing further about Pedro could be found in Ms. Rodríguez-Sala’s paper (for he was not a pioneer in metallurgy like his younger brother was later), this was enough to fill a huge void in Spanish colonial numismatics. Assayer P of 1634-1666 now had a name: Pedro Bezerra!

We can make three further observations from this new information. First of all, we see yet another instance of an assayer using his first name and not his last name for his initial on the coins, but we believe that habit is coincidental and has more to do with the fact that G and P were standard letter punches in the mint’s kit, since they were used in the words of the legends, whereas B was not. Second, Gerónimo Bezerra’s advanced technical study helps us appreciate that assayers were important officials in charge of serious metal-testing and not just figureheads or minters hammering the coins. Finally, we wonder if the fact that Gerónimo Bezerra was such an advanced metallurgist and published scientist had anything to do with the decision to begin minting gold coins in Mexico in 1679.

Surely given the delays in communication he must have had some role in the innovation, and perhaps he even planned to mint the first gold coins before he died suddenly.

In any case we now have some answers where before we had a guess and a blank. Assayer P was Pedro Bezerra (16341666), and assayer G was Gerónimo Bezerra… a “typo” I am quite happy to correct in the next edition of our book.

146

Shield-type

690. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip II, oMF. S- 693. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1649P, rare. S-M19, Choice specimen with excellent full cross and shield, full oMF, attractively toned VF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $250-$375.

M12, KM-43, CT-154. 27.4 grams.

691. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, (16)20(?)D. S-M18, KM-44.3, CT-117. 26.7 grams. Nice full cross, good full shield, weak

date, toned Fine with some old scratches. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $100-$150.

KM-45, CT-349. 24.5 grams. Full date, full cross and oMP and nearly

full shield, About Fine, with several test-cuts (and piece of edge missing as a result) as from circulation in the Orient. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $125-$200.

694. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, (16)51/0P, rare. SM19. 26.9 grams. Full 51/0 of

date (unlisted in KM and CT), high grade (VF) but typically crude with lots of flat spots and uneven thickness, no toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $250-$375.

692. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, (1)648P, scarce. SClear bottom half of date, bold full oMP, good full cross, nearly full shield, non-toned Fine.

Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

M19, KM-45, CT-347. 27.3 grams.

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695. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1654P, with Indonesian countermarks on cross side. S-M19, KM-45, CT360. 26.4 grams. Weak date (confirmed by distinctive style of castle) but bold full oMP, full shield, excellent full cross with one 4pointed and 2 curlicue countermarks, richly toned VF+ with no corrosion but probably from a late-1660s Dutch wreck off Tuban, Indonesia. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

147

696. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1656P. S-M19, KM45, CT-363. 27.0 grams. Very

choice, full and bold date (rare thus) and oMP, also nice full cross, VF+ with some flatness, nice light toning, much rounder flan than usual. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $450-$675.

699. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip IV, oMP, with Indonesian countermark. S-M19, KM-45. 26.1 grams. Typical barrel-shaped flan with full shield and cross, the latter of which is stamped with a huge 8-petaled flower countermark, uncorroded Fine but probably from a late-1660s Dutch wreck off Tuban, Indonesia. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection.

Estimate: $150-$225.

697. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1657P, with Indonesian countermarks. S-M19, KM-45, CT-365. 26.6 grams.

Choice full date and oMP and shield, also full cross with 4pointed countermark, diamond-shaped punchmark and one other unidentified mark, toned and corrosion-free AVF but probably from a late-1660s Dutch wreck off Tuban, Indonesia.

Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $325-$475.

700. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip IV?, cut down and flattened back out to 8R diameter in its own time. 18.0 grams. A fine piece of 17th-century thievery, the original coin trimmed to almost half its diameter and then hammered flat to look like an 8R once again, with square nail hole in center where the coin was secured during the hammering, the small part in the center where original design remains, grading Fine or so, nicely toned. Estimate: $50-$75.

698. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip IV, oMP, with large chopmark. S-M19, KM-45. 27.2 grams. Thick flan with full shield and cross and oMP, dark and patinated AVF with one large Chinese chopmark and two small punchmarks on the cross side as from circulation in the Orient. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

701. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip IV, assayer not visible. KM-45. 26.8 grams. Very choice full cross, nice full shield, smallish flan with no peripheral detail, richly old-toned AVF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $125-$200.

702. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Charles II, oMG. Bold (o)MG, nearly full shield, small full cross, richly toned Fine with flat spots, very solid and uncommonly nice. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $125-$200.

S-M20, KM-46. 26.6 grams.

148

703. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Charles II, assayer not visible, mint-produced bird shape, Plate Coin in The Practical Book of Cobs (4th edition). KM-46. 27.4 grams. With curved beak and erect tail, this full-weight coin was obviously a bird from the beginning, not cut down or modified later except to add a hole for the eye, the actual numismatic data nothing special (worn Fine with flatness, only about half the cross and slightly more of the shield visible), lightly toned, a unique and special coin to be sure. Plate Coin on page 69 of The Practical Book of Cobs (4th edition, 2007). Estimate: $600-$900.

704. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Charles II, assayer not visible, very elongated shape (possibly longest known).

KM-46. 27.1 grams. Mark Bir’s accompanying tag says “THIS IS THE LONGEST COB I’VE SEEN,” and we can’t think of any longer ones, this being a full 2-1/4" and of course very narrow, with at least most of the shield (crude) and cross (nice) visible, Fine or so for wear. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection.

Estimate: $125-$200.

706. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1720(J), rare,

705. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Charles II, assayer not visible, very odd shape. KM-46. 24.5 grams. More than anything else this coin resembles a sitting camel or llama, and it was made that way naturally at the mint, with a hole added later for an eye and for wearing on a strap, which over the centuries wore some channels to the edge, the details minimal and very worn (Good) but attributable, also with number 64(?) scratched into the surface above the cross long ago. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

707. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, oMD,

unusual shape. S-M22, KM-47, CT-748. 27.6 grams. Sort of a small barrel but with long, diagonal foot, with clear 172 of date (last digit weak), most of the coin flat and crude (Fine or so) but at least nicely toned. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $175-$250.

elongated planchet. S-M23a, KM-47. 26.8 grams. Very long planchet (over 2"), with clear oM, most of shield and cross, VG for wear. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $80$120.

149

708. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1730R. S-M24, KM47a, CT-755. 27.1 grams. Very bold oMR and clear 0 of

date, nicely detailed but incomplete shield and cross, VF+ with significant peripheral flatness, lightly toned. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection.

Estimate: $175-$250.

711. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip II, oMO to left. S-M11, KM-36, CT-335. 13.7 grams. Broad flan with full and well-detailed crown, shield and cross, some bold legend, oddly not quite round, AXF with some flat areas and spots of toning.

Estimate: $100-$150.

712. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip II, oMO to 709. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1730G. S-M25, KM47a, CT-759. 26.8 grams. Weird shape,

with full oMG and most of crown and cross, clear 0 of date, Fine with weak areas, lightly toned. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $175-$250.

right. S-M11, KM-36, CT-333. 13.6 grams. Small, round planchet with nice full cross and shield (the latter slightly doubled), full oMO, richly old-toned VF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

713. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip III, oMF,

710. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, ca. 1733 as reverse is struck from klippe die, possibly unique. KM47a. 25.2 grams. This oddity shows a crude, seemingly late-1720s style shield on the obverse but a fancy, klippe-style cross on the reverse, which means either the mint had klippe dies long before 1733 or they reused some coins in that year. The coin is worn (Fine) and patinated, somewhat squarish in shape with one corner bent. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

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king’s name with two L’s. S-M12a, KM-37.1, CT-223. 13.8 grams.

Good full cross and shield, well centered on a roundish flan, AXF, not much contrast. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection.

Estimate: $200-$300.

714. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip III, oMA, very scarce. S-M16, KM-37.2. 13.7 grams. Broad flan with nice full shield, full shield, bold oMA, king’s ordinal III in legend, AVF with toning in crevices. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection.

Estimate: $250-$375.

150

715. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip III or IV, oMD. 13.4 grams. Bold full shield and oMD, full cross, no corrosion but two big dark-orange spots and also high grade (XF), which makes a salvage source likely (possibly the Concepción of 1641). Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $125$200.

719. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, 1731F. S-M26, KM40a, CT-1029. 13.0 grams. Bold full date with what looks like a 3/2 overdate (according to Mark Bir), full oMF, decent cross, toned Fine with area of light corrosion as probably from the Vliegenthart (1735). Pedigreed to Ponterio auction #117, lot #1880 and pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

720. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, 1732F. S-M26, KM716. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, 1652/1P, rare. S-

40a, CT-1031. 13.0 grams. Full date (just the last digit slightly weak)

Compact round flan with good full cross, full oM and most of shield, bottoms of all digits of date visible, richly old-toned Fine+, unlisted overdate. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $175-$250.

and oMF, good full cross and most of shield (well detailed), toned Fine with old hole at very edge. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $100-$150.

M19. 13.6 grams.

721. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 2 reales, Philip II, oMO to 717. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, 1658P, bold full date, rare. S-M19, KM-38, CT-714. 13.6 grams. Odd shape with very bold full date and oMP, good full cross, AVF with toning in crevices, looks like salvage (possibly from the “Jupiter wreck” of 1659). Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $275$425.

left. S-M11, KM-31, CT-501. 6.7 grams. Broad flan with nice full shield and cross, typically well detailed, XF, no toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $125-$200.

722. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 2 reales, Philip II, oMO to

718. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip IV, oMP. S-

right. S-M11, KM-31, CT-unlisted. 6.6 grams. Typically round and thin with nice full cross and shield, also much crown, deeply toned AXF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $125$200.

Full cross and shield and oMP, toned Fine. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $100-$150.

M19, KM-38. 13.4 grams.

151

723. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 2 reales, Philip III, oMF, variety with 3 small castles in triangle pattern in each quadrant.

Nice full cross with unusual variety of castles, full but partially flat shield, clear assayer F, richly oldtoned Fine+. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

S-M12a, KM-32.1. 6.8 grams.

724. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 2 reales, Philip III, oMF. S-M12a, KM-32.1, CT-338. 6.8 grams. Choice full cross, full and welldetailed but doubled shield, bold oMF, nice VF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $75-$110.

725. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 2 reales, Philip III, (o)MA, scarce. S-M16, KM-32.2. 6.7 grams. Excellent full cross, nice full shield, clear assayer despite edge-split in same place, lightly toned AXF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $125-$200.

726. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 2 reales, Philip III, oMF/A, scarce. S-M17. 6.6 grams. Round flan with nice full cross and shield, bold oMF/A, richly toned AVF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

727. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 2 reales, 1610F, rare. S-M17, KM-unlisted, CT-344. 6.6 grams. Bold date and oMF and good full shield and cross on a round flan, VF with spots of orangish toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

728. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 2 reales, 1612F, rare. S-M17, KM-unlisted, CT-346. 6.6 grams. Clear date, bold oMF, full shield and cross, old-toned Fine with flat spots. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $225-$325.

729. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 2 reales, (16)55P, rare. S-M19, KM-33, CT-870. 5.5 grams. Bold 55 of date, decent cross, but rest of coin crude, mostly flat, VG overall, inexplicably underweight. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $175-$250.

730. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 2 reales, Philip IV, oMP. S-M19, KM-33. 6.6 grams. Cute full cross, full oMP and half of welldetailed shield, crudely toned VF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $80-$120.

731. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 2 reales, Charles II, 169(0 or 6)L. S-M21, KM-34. 5.7 grams. Rectangular flan with full 69 of date and clear oML, most of shield and cross, Fine. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

732. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 2 reales, Charles II, (o)ML. S-M21, KM-34. 6.2 grams. Bold L, good cross and most of shield, VG for wear, strange shape. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $40-$60.

152

733. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 2 reales, 1731/0F. S-M26, KM-35a, CT-1268. 6.6 grams. Bold full date with clear overdate, full oM, good cross, toned Fine+. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

734. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 2 reales, Philip V, assayer not visible, with small chopmarks. KM-35a. 6.9 grams. Small, thick flan with nearly full cross and most of shield sprinkled with a few tiny chopmarks as from circulation in the Orient (scarce on smaller denominations), richly toned Fine+. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $80-$120.

735. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1 real, Philip II, oM to left, O to right S-M11, KM-26, CT-643. 3.3 grams. Typically thin and round with choice detail on full shield and cross, bold assayer, XF with flat peripheries. Estimate: $75-$110.

736. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1 real, Philip II, O to left, oM to right. S-M11, KM-26, CT-644. 3.3 grams. Broad and thin, with full shield and cross, clear O and oM, full king’s name PHILIPPVS, lightly toned AVF with weak areas. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $100-$150.

737. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1 real, Philip II, O to left, oM to right. S-M11, KM-26, CT-644. 3.3 grams. Unusually small (but full weight) flan with nice full cross and shield, bold assayer O, king’s ordinal II, very lightly toned VF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

738. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1 real, Philip II, O to left, oMO to right, unlisted variety. S-M11. 3.2 grams. Round and thin, with well-detailed crowd and shield and cross, clear O and oMO (rare arrangement), AXF with flat areas. Estimate: $80-$120.

739. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1 real, Philip II, (o)MF/O to left, scarce over-assayer. S-M12. 3.4 grams. Smallish AVF with full shield and cross, 2 hairline edge-splits. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $100-$150.

740. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1 real, Philip II, F to left, oMoD to right, rare double assayer. S-M14, KM-26. 3.5 grams. Bold full shield with clear oMoD to right, full but double-struck cross, lightly toned AVF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

741. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1 real, Philip II, oM to left, F to right, scarce. S-M12. 3.3 grams. Round and thin, with full shield and bold oM and F, good and full but off-center cross, rainbow-toned AVF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $90-$135.

742. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1 real, Philip III, oMF to left. S-M12a, KM-27.1. 3.1 grams. Choice full shield and cross (well centered and nicely detailed), bold oMF, VF with toning in crevices. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $125-$200.

153

743. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1 real, Philip III, oMA, scarce. S-M16, KM-27.2. 3.4 grams. Bold and beautiful VF with excellent full shield and cross, full oM, very attractively toned. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

744. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1 real, (16)09(A), rare. S-M16, KM-27.2, CT-450. 3.2 grams. Choice detail, full 09 of date and oM mintmark, nearly full cross and shield, deeply toned XF. Estimate: $300-$450.

745. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1 real, (1)611/0F, rare. S-M17, KM-27.2. 3.5 grams. Nice but not 100% full cross and shield, also part of crown, bottom part of date, VF+ with patina in crevices. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

746. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1 real, Philip IV, oMP. S-M19, KM-28. 2.9 grams. Very cute turnip shape with bold oMP and good full shield and cross, contrasting toning in crevices, Fine with patch of black encrustation, inexplicably underweight. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

747. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1 real, Philip IV, oMG/P, scarce. S-M19a, KM-28. 3.3 grams. Choice full cross, bold (but small) G/P (1666) and full shield, About Fine with nice toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

748. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1 real, 1729R. S-M24, KM-30, CT-1582. 3.3 grams. Thick flan with sharp points, bold full date and oM, most of cross, lightly toned VF. From the “Meseta Central hoard,” with small certificate and pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection.

Estimate: $150-$225.

749. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1/2 real, Philip II, O to left, oM to right. S-M11, KM-20, CT-718. 1.7 grams. Round and thin, with full crown and monogram, full but off-center cross, VF with flat areas. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $100-$150.

750. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1/2 real, Philip II, oM to left, O to right. S-M11, KM-20, CT-717. 1.6 grams. Choice specimen with gorgeous full cross, crown and monogram, bold oM and O, plus lots of bold legend, beginning with king’s ordinal II at 2 o’clock, AXF with lovely toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $250-$375.

751. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1/2 real, Philip II, oM to left, F to right. S-M12, KM-20, CT-716. 1.6 grams. Full monogram with S above V in center, bold oM to left, choice full cross, king’s ordinal II in legend, nicely toned VF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection.

Estimate: $110-$175.

752. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1/2 real, Philip II, oM(F) to left, interesting variety of monogram, possibly rare. S-M12, KM-20. 1.5 grams. Bold

full monogram with S to right (not in center and not interlaced with the vertical upright), full cross, a bit worn (Fine) but nice. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

753. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1/2 real, Philip III, F at top left, oM at top right, and oD below monogram, scarce double assayer. S-M14a. 1.4 grams. Full and bold monogram with V at top in center (hence Philip III), full oD and fairly clear F and oM, choice full cross, toned VF with drilled hole at top. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

154

754. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1/2 real, Philip III, oM to left, F to right. S-M12a, KM-21, CT-545. 1.7 grams. Choice broad flan with full king’s ordinal III, bold oM and monogram, off-center cross, VF with dark toning in some crevices. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $110-$175.

755. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1/2 real, Philip III, oM to left, D to right. S-M18, KM-21. 1.5 grams. Perfectly round (possibly shaved, although weight is correct), with full and bold monogram, full but messy cross, Fine for wear. Estimate: $60-$90.

756. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1/2 real, (1)620/19?(D). S-M18. 1.5 grams. Veritably tiny lions and castles (why?) in choice full cross, nice full monogram with bold oM to left, fleur below, but right side flat, bottom part of date (not 100% certain), attractively toned VF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

757. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1/2 real, (1)647(P), rare. S-M19. 1.7 grams. Full but messy monogram, bottom half of date (the 4 and 7 very close together), nearly full cross, VG. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $125-$200.

758. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1/2 real, Philip IV, oMP to left, : to right. S-M19, KM-22. 1.7 grams. Bold full monogram with clear oMP to left and odd (unique?) pair of vertical dots to right, most of cross, AVF with toning on fields. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

759. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1/2 real, posthumous Philip IV, (166)7G, rare. S-M19a. 1.3 grams. Interesting oval shape with full monogram and oMG, trace of date, full cross, Fine with some toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $100-$150.

760. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1/2 real, Charles II, oML to left.

S-M21, KM-23. 1.3 grams.

Full oML to left of half of

monogram, also half of cross, toned Fine. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $35-$50.

761. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1/2 real, Charles II, assayer not visible, elongated shape. KM-23. 1.5 grams. Nearly full monogram, off-center cross, on a very strangely elongated flan, darkly toned Fine+. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $100-$150.

762. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1/2 real, Philip V, oMJ. S-M22, KM-24. 1.4 grams. Very bold oMJ and elegant monogram, full cross with weak lions and castles, king’s ordinal V in legend, lightly toned AVF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $50$75.

763. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1/2 real, Philip V, oMD. S-M23a, KM-24. 1.6 grams. Bold full oMD and most of monogram and crown, full cross, toned Fine+. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $80-$120.

764. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1/2 real, 1732(F). S-M26, KM-24a. 1.7 grams. Full and bold date and crown, most of monogram, choice full cross, nicely toned and decent grade (VF) but with solder-mark on top edge. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection.

Estimate: $100-$150.

155

SILVER COBS OF LIMA, PERU Early pillars type

768. Lima, Peru, 1 real, Philip II, assayer Rincón, motto 765. Lima, Peru, 4 reales, Philip II, assayer Rincón, motto as PL-VSV-LT, legend ending in HISPA/N, encapsulated NGC VF-20. S-L1, KM-10.1, CT-unlisted. Excellent shield side with bold R and great lions and castles, doubled pillars side with bold 4 and clear motto, not much legend except clear HISPA with the A punched over an N, dark toning on fields, rare and popular as the highest “affordable” denomination of the first coinage struck in South America. Estimate: $1,250-$2,000.

as PL-VSV-TR. S-L1, KM-6, CT-630. 3.3 grams. Broad flan with much legend (including king’s ordinal II) but rather doublestruck, Fine with contrasting toning, old hairline scratch.

Estimate: $150-$225.

769. Lima, Peru, 1 real, Philip II, assayer Rincón, motto as P-LVS-V. S-L1, KM-6, CT-630. 1.8 grams. Very thin and underweight from corrosion yet still fairly well detailed (Fine), a little wrinkled. Estimate: $90-$135.

766. Lima, Peru, 4 reales, Philip II, assayer Rincón, motto as PL-VSV-LT, legend ending in HISPANIA. S-L1, KM-10.1, CT-313. 10.0 grams. Solid specimen with full details despite corrosion (otherwise Fine), dark fields contrasting with details, much legend, minor doubling on pillars side, rare and popular as the highest “affordable” denomination of the first coinage struck in South America. Pedigreed to Heritage auction #3002, lot #21922. Estimate: $900-$1,350.

770. Lima, Peru, 1 real, Philip II, assayer Rincón, motto as PL-VS-VL. S-L1, KM-6, CT-630. 2.2 grams. Good full shield and pillars despite light corrosion, piece of edge missing, salvaged VG. Estimate: $90-$135.

771. Lima, Peru, 1 real, Philip II, assayer Rincón, motto 767. Lima, Peru, 2 reales, Philip II, assayer Rincón, motto as PL-VSV-L. S-L1, KM-8, CT-479. 6.3 grams. Choice XF details and bold legends against beautifully toned fields, faintly pitted from salvage, scarce. Estimate: $350-$500.

as P-LV-S. S-L1, KM-6, CT-630. 2.0 grams. Full shield and pillars, darkly toned, crudely eroded on part of edge as from salvage (otherwise VG). Estimate: $75-$110.

772. Lima, Peru, 1/2 real, Philip II, assayer Rincón, rare variety with legends ending in HISPANI and INDIARVM. S-L1, KM-3, CT-702. 1.0 gram. Very choice salvaged specimen with full legends and inner details, including bold king’s ordinal, beautifully toned on fields, VF for actual wear. Pedigreed to the Ponterio CICF 2001 sale, lot #2212. Estimate: $350-$500.

156

773. Lima, Peru, 1/2 real, Philip II, assayer R (Rincón), 774. Lima, Peru, 1/4 real, Philip II, assayer Rincón, legends ending in HISP and INDIA. S-L1, KM-3, CT-702. 1.5 Broad flan with full and bold legends (including full PHILIPPVS II), full but somewhat weak inner details, AVF with spots of oxidation, sediment on fields. Estimate: $150$225. grams.

extremely rare. S-L1, KM-1, CT-761. 0.5 gram. Among only about 10 known, this is actually one of the better examples, at least on the half that is still present (the other half lost to corrosion), with AVF details, much bold legend, light toning. Estimate: $700-$1,000.

Shield-type

775. Lima, Peru, cob 4 reales, Philip II, P-X to right, extremely rare. S-L3, KM-11, CT-327. 11.3 grams. Huge flan with small parts of edge lost to corrosion, full shield and crown and cross, much bold legend including full PHILIPPVS, silvery VF and so rare that only about 6 specimens are known to exist.

Estimate: $1,500-$2,250.

777. Lima, Peru, cob 8 reales, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, P-8 to left, *-oD to right. S-L4, KM-14, CT-146. 27.2 grams. Perfectly round and solid, with very bold and well-detailed shield, full but slightly doubled cross, semicolon stops in legend, AVF with toning in crevices. Estimate: $750-$1,100.

776. Lima, Peru, cob 2 reales, Philip II, x-ii to left, Perasure(?) to right, reverse legend rotated 180 degrees, king’s name misspelled as PHILPPVS (unique). S-L3, KM9, CT-495. 6.4 grams. A very strange and educational coin that is either assayer X or the very first issue of Diego de la Torre (rare and interesting either way), for above the denomination to the left is a small x (decidedly not a star), and below the mintmark to the right is a blank spot that is either an erasure or just a very weak oD, notably identical dies for the known oD/ X 2 reales (note the misspelling of the king’s name), nicely toned and with full shield and crown and bold legends, the cross very weak, Fine+ overall. Estimate: $700-$1,000.

778. Lima, Peru, cob 8 reales, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, *-8 to left, P-•D to right. S-L4, KM-14, CT-148. 27.2 grams. Nice VF with full and well-detailed shield and crown and cross, some bold legend. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection.

Estimate: $600-$900.

157

779. Lima, Peru, cob 4 reales, Philip II, assayer Diego de

783. Lima, Peru, cob 2 reales, Philip II, assayer Diego de

la Torre, P-4 to left, *-oD to right, choice. S-L4, KM-11, CT318. 13.6 grams. Lustrous AU+ with super details, choice full shield and cross and crown, no toning. Estimate: $600-$900.

la Torre, *-ii to left, P-oD/X to right, king’s name misspelled as PHILPPVS, very rare. S-L4, KM-9. 6.4 grams.

Bold full cross and oD/X with bold king’s name (showing the error), full but very weak crown, full shield, F-VF with honest wear. Estimate: $700-$1,000.

780. Lima, Peru, cob 4 reales, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, 4-P to left, oD-* to right of shield. S-L4, KM-11, CT320. 13.6 grams. Choice full shield and cross, some bold legend, XF with patches of dark toning. Estimate: $400-$600.

784. Lima, Peru, cob 2 reales, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, P-ii to left, oD-* to right. S-L4, KM-9, CT-490. 6.9 grams.

Choice, richly toned XF with full shield and crown and cross, much legend, rather gorgeous all around. Estimate: $300-$450.

781. Lima, Peru, cob 4 reales, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, *-oIIII to left, (P)-•D to right. S-L4, KM-11, CT-316.

9.6 grams. VF details despite light corrosion all over, nicely contrasted with toning on fields, full shield and cross and much legend. With Forecastle Treasures photo-certificate. Estimate: $250$375.

785. Lima, Peru, cob 2 reales, Philip II, assayer Diego de

782. Lima, Peru, cob 2 reales, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, *-ii to left, P-oD/X to right, very rare. S-L4, KM-9.

6.7 grams. Choice VF+ with clear oD/X, nice full shield and crown and cross, much legend, elegant toning. Pedigreed to Ponterio sale #137, lot #2032. Estimate: $700-$1,000.

786. Lima, Peru, cob 2 reales, Philip II, assayer Diego de

la Torre, P-ii to left, oD-* to right. S-L4, KM-9, CT-490. 6.3 grams.

Good full cross, some bold legend, but mostly worn (Good) and crude for this normally attractive issue. Estimate: $100$150.

la Torre, P-ii to left, oD-* to right. S-L4, KM-9, CT-490. 6.5 grams.

Crisply detailed full shield and cross-lions-castles, lightly corroded from salvage but XF+ details, dark sediment in crevices. Estimate: $100-$150.

158

787. Lima, Peru, cob 2 reales, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, *-II to left, P-•D to right. S-L4, KM-9. 6.9 grams. VF+ with weak spots in full crown, shield and cross. Purchased privately from Dan Sedwick in 1998. Estimate: $200-$300.

788. Lima, Peru, cob 1 real, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, *-I to left, P-oD to right. S-L4, KM-7, CT-634. 3.0 grams.

Choice full crown and shield, very nice full cross, attractively toned AVF. Estimate: $150-$225.

789. Lima, Peru, cob 1 real, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, *-I to left, P-oD to right. S-L4, KM-7, CT-634. 3.2 grams. Nice full shield and cross with contrasting toning, but worn (Fine) and holed near edge. Estimate: $60-$90.

790. Lima, Peru, cob 1 real, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, *-I to left, P-•D to right. S-L4, KM-7, CT-634. 3.2 grams.

Good full crown and shield, bold *-I and P-•D, full cross-and-tressure with weak center, Fine with darkly toned fields. Estimate: $80-$120.

791. Lima, Peru, cob 1 real, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, (*)-P to left, oD-I to right. S-L4, KM-7. 3.4 grams. Good full cross and tressure, full but corroded shield, some bold legend, VF details. Estimate: $100-$150.

792. Lot of 5 Lima, Peru, cob 1 reales, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, all different varieties. S-L4, KM-7. 14.3 grams total. Interesting study lot with 5 different varieties, 4 with holes, one corroded, but all attributable, VG-F. Estimate: $300-$450.

793. Lima, Peru, cob 1/2 real, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, P to left, oD to right of monogram. S-L4, KM-5. 1.4 grams.

Nice full monogram below full crown, nearly full cross, much legend, salvaged AXF with toned fields. Estimate: $75-

$110.

794. Lima, Peru, cob 1/2 real, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, oD to left, P to right, * below monogram. S-L4, KMBold legends, including a full PHILIPPVS and ISPANIA, weak inner details, nicely toned Fine+ overall.

Estimate: $100-$150.

5, CT-706. 1.5 grams.

795. Lima, Peru, cob 1/2 real, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, oD to left, P below monogram. S-L4, KM-5. 1.7 grams.

Choice full monogram and oD and P, full PHILIPPVS in legend, good full cross, most of crown, lightly toned XF+. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $125-$200.

796. Lima, Peru, cob 1/2 real, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, oD to left, * to right. S-L4, KM-5, CT-705. 1.4 grams. Good full crown and monogram and cross, toned, salvaged but VF for actual wear. Estimate: $90-$135.

159

797. Lima, Peru, cob 1/2 real, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, oD to left, * to right. S-L4, KM-5, CT-705. 1.4 grams.

Choice broad flan with 100% full crown, excellent full monogram, bold PHILIP and oD, full cross on back with much legend there too, VF with contrasting toning. Estimate: $100$150.

798. Lima, Peru, cob 1/2 real, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, oD to left, * to right. S-L4, KM-5, CT-705. 1.6 grams.

Perfectly round with choice full monogram, nearly full crown, bold oD, full but slightly doubled cross, richly toned VF. Estimate: $100-$150.

799. Lima, Peru, cob 1/2 real, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, oD to left, * to right. S-L4, KM-5, CT-705. 1.7 grams.

Superb specimen with very choice full monogram and cross, bold PHILIPPVS in legend, nearly full crown, wonderfully toned XF. Estimate: $150-$225.

800. Lima, Peru, cob 1/2 real, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, •D to left, * to right. S-L4, KM-5, CT-705. 1.7 grams.

Choice grade (XF+) but some weak areas in the full monogram and cross, the nearly full crown well defined, no toning.

Estimate: $125-$200.

801. Lot of 2 Lima, Peru, cob 1/2 reales, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, different varieties. S-L4, KM-5. 1.4 grams each. One coin choice AXF with full monogram between oD and * but holed at top, the other coin worn (Fine+) and doubled but with nice full cross. Estimate: $100-$150.

802. Lot of 4 Lima, Peru, cob 1/2 reales, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, all different varieties. S-L4, KM-5. 6.7 grams total. Good study lot with 4 different varieties but all holed and/ or plugged and/or salvaged and/or tooled, and in fact one appears to be counterfeit, VG-F overall. Estimate: $200-$300.

803. Lima, Peru, cob 1/4 real, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, P to left, oD to right of castle, * to left and P to right of lion. S-L4, KM-2. 0.9 gram. Choice, broad-flan AVF with full crown, PHILIPPVS, oD and star around full but weak castle, similar situation on other side, toned on fields, holed at very edge. Estimate: $150-$225.

804. Lima, Peru, cob 1/4 real, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, P to left, * to right of castle. S-L4, KM-2. 0.6 gram.

Nicely detailed full castle and lion, high grade (XF) but probably salvaged. Pedigreed to Ponterio sale #90, lot #554. Estimate: $150$225.

805. Lima, Peru, cob 1/4 real, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, P to left, * to right of castle and lion. S-L4, KM-2.

0.8 gram. Superb specimen with bold P-castle-* and P-lion-*, smooth and nicely toned fields, AXF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

160

806. Lima, Peru, cob 1/4 real, Philip II, assayer Diego de

809. Lima, Peru, cob 1/4 real, Philip II, assayer Diego de

la Torre, P to left of castle. S-L4, KM-2. 0.7 gram. Salvaged Fine with bold but slightly doubled castle and lion, lightly toned.

Purchased privately from Dan Sedwick in 2006. Estimate: $100$150.

la Torre, * to right of castle, * to right of lion. S-L4, KM-2.

0.8 gram. Nicely toned VF with full but slightly doubled crown, castle and lion. Purchased privately from Dan Sedwick in 2006.

Estimate: $200-$300.

807. Lima, Peru, cob 1/4 real, Philip II, assayer Diego de

810. Lima, Peru, cob 1/4 real, Philip II, assayer Diego de

la Torre, * to right of castle, P to left, * to right of lion. SL4, KM-2. 0.7 gram. Full but off-center castle, choice full P-lion-*

la Torre, * to left, P to right of castle. S-L4, KM-2. 0.8 gram.

AVF with weak spots, some toning (dark in places). Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

with crown above, nicely toned AXF. Estimate: $150-$225.

808. Lima, Peru, cob 1/4 real, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, * to right of castle. S-L4, KM-2. 0.8 gram. Choice, nonsalvage XF with full crown, castle and lion and much legend, beautifully toned. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $250-$375.

811. Lima, Peru, cob 1/4 real, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, (o)D to right of castle, lion punched over castle on reverse, rare. S-L4, KM-2. 0.6 gram. Odd and presumably late issue with lion punched over a tiny castle (bold on this specimen), crude but clear D to right of proper castle, dark fields, corroded Fine. Estimate: $100-$150.

812. Lot of 6 Lima, Peru, cob 1/4 reales, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, all different varieties. S-L4, KM-2. 3.1 grams total. Good study lot of salvaged specimens, all more or less readable but corroded, some with one nice side, VG-F overall.

Estimate: $250-$375.

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“Star of Lima” type

813. Lima, Peru, cob 2 reales, “Star of Lima” type, 1659V, * over LIMA over 1659 in center, •V• to left, •2• to right, very rare. S-L5, KM-16, CT-841. 3.6 grams. Unexpectedly rare denomination for this already-rare unauthorized issue, and a nice specimen too with full and well-centered pillars with bold LIMA and date, full but slightly off-center cross, flat peripheries, AVF with some corrosion near edge as from unspecified salvage (probably the Consolación of 1681). Estimate: $900-$1,350.

814. Lima, Peru, cob 1 real, “Star of Lima” type, 1659V, star over LIMA over 1659 in center, V to left, I to right, scarce.

S-L5, KM-15, CT-989. 3.3 grams. Choice, high-grade specimen on a compact thick flan, with full and well-centered pillars-and-waves

(also full crown), bold full cross, lightly toned VF+. With Freeman Craig lot tag and ANACS photo-certificate #E-6155-P. Estimate: $350-$500.

815. Lima, Peru, cob 1 real, “Star of Lima” type, 1660(V), 60 over I*I over PLVS in center, very rare. S-L5, KM-15, CT-990.

1.8 grams. Bold central details plus most of crown, full but doubled cross, VF with light corrosion near edge as from the Joanna (1682). Pedigreed to Ponterio sale #98, lot #240, with Joanna certificate. Estimate: $600-$900.

816. Lima, Peru, cob 1/2 real, “Star of Lima” type, (1659), very rare. S-L5, CT-253. 1.4 grams. Choice full cross, weak monogram above king’s ordinal IIII in legend, toned Fine overall. Estimate: $350-$500.

Pillars-and-waves type

817. Lima, Peru, cob 8 reales, 1684V.

S-L6, KM-24, CT-227.

819. Lima, Peru, cob 8 reales, 1692V.

27.4 grams. Choice, well-centered specimen with 3 dates, including a very bold full 1684 in legend, 3 mintmarks and 2 assayers, full cross, Fine with toned fields, small edge-split. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $500-$750.

Broad flan with full cross and pillars-and-waves, 2 dates and mintmarks and assayers, VF with weak areas.

Estimate: $400-$600.

818. Lima, Peru, cob 8 reales, 1686R.

820. Lima, Peru, cob 8 reales, 1698(H). S-L13, KM-24, CT-243.

S-L7, KM-24, CT-229.

27.1 grams. Full bold cross, 2 dates and mintmarks and assayers,

bold waves, Fine with flat spots. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection.

Estimate: $350-$500.

S-L10, KM-24, CT-235.

27.0 grams.

27.0 grams. Crude

Fine with flat peripheries but bold main date to left of full pillar above full waves. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $175-$250.

162

821. Lima, Peru, cob 8 reales, 1744V, rare. S-L22, KM-34a, CT- 825. Lima, Peru, cob 2 reales, 1692V. S-L10, KM-21, CT-565. 6.8 668. 23.7 grams. Typically thick and chunky and with much flatness

but clear date, lightly rainbow-toned Fine. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

822. Lima, Peru, cob 4 reales, 1684V, very rare. S-L6, KM-23, Bold main date and 1684 in legend, 2 full assayers, decent grade (AVF) but doubled all over and with crude edge, nicely toned. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection.

Estimate: $350-$500.

CT-444. 13.3 grams.

823. Lima, Peru, cob 2 reales, 1686R, scarce. S-L7, KM-21, CT-560. 6.5 grams. Broad planchet with full cross and pillars, clear

date, 3 mintmarks, light rainbow toning, AVF with flat areas.

Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

824. Lima, Peru, cob 2 reales, 1687/6R, rare overdate. SL7. 6.9 grams. One perfect pillar in center (off-center strike), full

cross, bold assayer, 2 dates, VF with flat areas. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $250-$375.

grams. Interesting barrel-like shape with full and bold cross and

pillars (nicely centered), 1-1/2 dates and mintmarks, 2-1/2 assayers, VF with flat peripheries. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

826. Lima, Peru, cob 2 reales, 1711M, scarce. S-L20, KM-32, CT-1202. 6.5 grams. Perfect

full pillars and waves on a round flan (no evidence of shaving), nice full cross too with king’s name PHILIPP(VS) in legend, 2 dates and mintmarks, 2-1/2 assayers, nicely toned AXF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $250-$375.

827. Lima, Peru, cob 2 reales, 1714/3M, rare. S-L20. 6.8 grams.

Broad planchet with full cross and pillars-and-waves, 2 full dates, 2 assayers, richly toned but worn (About Fine). Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $125-$200.

828. Lima, Peru, cob 2 reales, 1720M. S-L20, KM-32, CT-1211.

5.8 grams. Odd

shape with hairline split, 2 full pillars-side dates and part of third date below bold cross, 2 mintmarks, Fine+ with flat areas. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $110$175.

829. Lima, Peru, cob 2 reales, 1722M. S-L20, KM-32, CT-1213.

6.2 grams. Choice full pillars, good full cross, 2 dates, 3 mintmarks, toned but worn (About Fine). Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection.

Estimate: $110-$175.

163

830. Lima, Peru, cob 2 reales, 1736(N). S-L21, KM-32a, CT-1225. 6.9 grams. Well-centered cross, most of pillars with 1-1/2 dates on that side, lightly toned VF with flat peripheries. Estimate: $80-$120.

831. Lima, Peru, cob 2 reales, 1752R, rare final year of Lima cobs. S-L23, KM-A43. 7.1 grams. Interesting lemon shape and typically crude and chunky but with bold date and pillars, most of cross, clear mintmark, Fine with toning in crevices, oddly overweight. Estimate: $175-$250.

832. Lima, Peru, cob 1 real, 1684V. S-L6, KM-20, CT-671. 3.8 grams. Very bold full pillars with date and assayer and mintmark, bold second date below most of cross, lightly toned AVF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $100-$150.

833. Lima, Peru, cob 1 real, 1685R. S-L7, KM-20, CT-672. 2.2 grams. Neat little lemon shape with one full pillar, nearly full cross, 2 dates and assayers, toned AVF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

834. Lima, Peru, cob 1 real, 1686R. S-L7, KM-20, CT-673. 4.1 grams. Small, thick flan (overweight), crudely struck but with 2+ dates, 2 mintmarks, full ANO in legend, full but weak cross, lightly toned Fine. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $70$100.

835. Lima, Peru, cob 1 real, 1687R. S-L7, KM-20, CT-674. 2.5 grams. Excellent specimen with 100% full cross and pillars, 2 bold dates plus another in the legend, 2 assayers, parts of 3 mintmarks, king’s ordinal II in legend, broad flan (a bit thin) with edgesplit, AVF with tan sediment on fields, the flan shaped like a catcher’s mitt. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $110$175.

836. Lima, Peru, cob 1 real, 1688R. S-L7, KM-20, CT-675. 3.0 grams. Beautifully toned VF with full cross and pillars-and-waves, 2 bold dates and assayers. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $100-$150.

837. Lima, Peru, cob 1 real, 1689V. S-L8, KM-20, CT-677. 2.4 grams. Bold date and part of another in the legend, AVF with flat peripheries, patches of toning, small flan (no evidence of clipping). Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

838. Lima, Peru, cob 1 real, 1690R. S-L9, KM-20, CT-679. 3.2 grams. Crude, thin flan but with 3 clear dates, 2 assayers, Fine with flat spots. With Spanish Colonial Coin Co. certificate and pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $90-$135.

839. Lima, Peru, cob 1 real, 1691R. S-L9, KM-20, CT-680. 2.8 grams. Good full pillars with bold date, 2 mintmarks and assayers, off-center cross with third date and assayer, salvaged Fine with dark toning on fields. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

840. Lima, Peru, cob 1 real, 1692V. S-L10, KM-20, CT-682. 2.8 grams. Full pillars, off-center cross, 2 dates, VG+. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $80-$120.

164

841. Lima, Peru, cob 1 real, 1693V. S-L10, KM-20, CT-684. 3.3 grams. Well-detailed full cross, bold date and full motto above waves, AXF with spotty toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $90-$135.

842. Lima, Peru, cob 1 real, 1694M. S-L11, KM-20, CT-685. 3.4 grams. Choice full pillars-and-waves with all data plus 4-digit date in legend, third date below full cross, much legend, nicely toned VF. Estimate: $125-$200.

843. Lima, Peru, cob 1 real, 1695R. S-L12, KM-20, CT-686. 3.0 grams. Great full cross and pillars, salvaged VF+ with dark toning.

Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $90-$135.

844. Lima, Peru, cob 1 real, 1696H. S-L13, KM-20, CT-687. 3.2 grams. Full pillars, full but off-center cross, 2 bold assayers, 1-1/2 dates, nice VF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $80-$120.

845. Lima, Peru, cob 1 real, 1697H, scarce. S-L13, KM-20, CT-688. 3.2 grams. Bold date and assayer above waves, most of cross, nicely toned Fine with flat areas, part of edge hammered in. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

846. Lima, Peru, cob 1 real, 1698H. S-L13, KM-20, CT-689. 3.1 grams. Super full cross and pillars, 2 dates and mintmarks, bold assayer, AXF with contrasting toning, surely one of the best specimens known. Estimate: $150-$225.

847. Lima, Peru, cob 1 real, 1699R. S-L14, KM-20, CT-691. 2.6 grams. Nice full cross and pillars, both well centered, 2 dates, 3 assayers, nicely toned AVF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $90-$135.

848. Lima, Peru, contemporary cast counterfeit cob 1 real, 1699H, possibly rare. 3.6 grams. At first glance this passes for a genuine example, but then you notice the date and assayer don’t match and that the letters in the legend look a little funny, but it is worn and proper weight, so we think it is probably a contemporary counterfeit, with good full cross, off-center pillars, About Fine. Estimate: $50-$100.

849. Lima, Peru, cob 1 real, 1703H. S-L15a, KM-31, CT-1476. 3.6 grams. Choice pillars side with bold date and assayer and mintmark, full but slightly crude cross, toned AVF. Estimate: $125-$200.

850. Lima, Peru, cob 1 real, 1703H. S-L15a, KM-31, CT-1476. 4.0 grams. Choice full pillars-and-waves and full cross, 2 dates, 3 mintmarks and assayers, AXF with light rainbow toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $90-$135.

851. Lima, Peru, cob 1 real, 1704H. S-L15a, KM-31, CT-1477. 3.0 grams. Bold full 1704 date in legend, second date above waves, and third date below full cross, toned Fine with flat spots. Estimate: $125-$200.

852. Lima, Peru, cob 1 real, 1705H. S-L15a, KM-31, CT-1478. 3.1 grams. Full pillars with full crown and 2 dates, bold but off-center cross, AVF. Estimate: $125-$200.

165

853. Lima, Peru, cob 1 real, 1706R. S-L16, KM-31, CT-1480. 3.0 grams. Richly toned AVF with the most amazing 4-digit date in the legend, full pillars with main date too, full but off-center cross resulting in bold HISPANIA(RVM). Estimate: $150-$225.

854. Lima, Peru, cob 1 real, 1711M. S-L20, KM-31, CT-1488. 3.5 grams. Broad flan with full cross and pillars, clear date, 3 mintmarks, non-toned Fine+. Estimate: $125-$200.

855. Lima, Peru, cob 1 real, 1726/5M, rare overdate.

S-L20b. 2.6 grams. Large flan but oddly underweight, with bold but incomplete cross and pillars, clear overdate and mintmark, Fine with contrasting dark sediment on fields. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $110-$175.

856. Lima, Peru, cob 1 real, 1748V. S-L22a, KM-42, CT-542. 2.9 grams. Typically crude strike on chunky planchet but with bold date in which the 8 appears to be an S over an upside-down S, VF with much flatness. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $60$90.

857. Lima, Peru, cob 1 real, 1752R, rare final year of Lima cobs. S-L23, KM-42. 2.7 grams. Two dates, bold assayer, one full lion, typically crude with lots of flatness, Fine with contrasting fields. Estimate: $75-$110.

858. Lima, Peru, cob 1/2 real, 1684. S-L6, KM-22, CT-785. 1.4 grams. Full monogram and cross, clear date, VF but a bit oxidized.

Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $50-$75.

859. Lima, Peru, cob 1/2 real, 1685. S-L7, KM-22, CT-786. 1.4 grams. Nice full monogram above clear date, nearly full cross, Fine.

Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $50-$75.

860. Lima, Peru, cob 1/2 real, 1694. S-L11, KM-22, CT-795. 1.2 grams. Choice bold monogram and date, nearly full and doubled cross, AVF with dark sediment on fields. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

861. Lima, Peru, cob 1/2 real, 1696. S-L13, KM-22, CT-797. 0.9 gram. Salvaged VF with full monogram and date, off-center cross, nicely toned. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $40-$60.

862. Lima, Peru, cob 1/2 real, 1697. S-L13, KM-22, CT-798. 1.1 grams. Nice full monogram and date, good but off-center cross, Fine+ with spotty toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $50-$75.

863. Lima, Peru, cob 1/2 real, 1699. S-L14, KM-22, CT-800. 1.4 grams. Off-center monogram with bold date below and 4-digit date in legend, nearly full cross, toned VG+. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $100-$150.

864. Lima, Peru, cob 1/2 real, 1700. S-L15, KM-22, CT-801. 1.2 grams. Very bold full date, full but weak monogram, nearly full cross, Fine. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

865. Lima, Peru, cob 1/2 real, 1701H, Charles II (posthumous). S-L15, KM-22, CT-802. 1.5 grams. Choice specimen with excellent full cross, full monogram and date, clear assayer, nicely toned AVF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $90$135.

166

873. Lima, Peru, cob 1/2 real, 1725, Louis I, very scarce.

866. Lot of 3 Lima, Peru, cob 1/2 reales, Charles II and

S-L20a, KM-30a, CT-52. 1.8 grams. Typically crude but with most of

Philip V, all with visible dates. 5.0 grams. Three decent pieces dated 1685, 1686 and 1718, one holed and one salvaged but all well detailed, Fine on average. Estimate: $80-$120.

cross and monogram, bold date, salvaged Fine with good toning.

Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $90-$135.

874. Lima, Peru, cob 1/2 real, 1728/?, 1R-sized cross die.

Very peculiar coin with letters (not numbers) peeking out between the (nearly full) monogram and bold date, oversized cross, Fine. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection.

Estimate: $60-$90.

S-L21, KM-30. 1.2 grams.

867. Lima, Peru, cob 1/2 real, 1704. S-L15a, KM-30, CT-1753.

2.2 grams. Bold AXF with choice full monogram and date, nearly

full cross, touch of pitting, overweight. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

868. Lima, Peru, cob 1/2 real, 1706. S-L16, KM-30, CT-1755. 1.1 875. Lima, Peru, cob 1/2 real, 1746V. S-L22, KM-30a, CT-1793. grams. Very bold date below full monogram plus another in the

legend next to nice crown, nearly full cross, AVF with black areas. Estimate: $50-$75.

Large oval flan with 2 bold dates, full cross and monogram, double-struck but far better detailed than most of this era, toned VF with crude hole at edge. Estimate: $100$150.

1.7 grams.

869. Lima, Peru, cob 1/2 real, 1711. S-L20, KM-30, CT-1760. 1.4 grams. Perfectly round (possibly shaved, but correct weight), with

very bold date below full monogram, good full cross, lightly toned Fine+ with hole at edge. Estimate: $50-$75.

876. Lima, Peru, cob 1/2 real, (175)0(R), struck from 1escudo (castle) die, extremely rare. S-L23, KM-A41. 0.7 gram.

870. Lima, Peru, cob 1/2 real, 1711. S-L20, KM-30, CT-1760. 1.3 When this odd variety was discovered several years ago, it was

Salvaged VG with parts of monogram and 11 of date bold, very weak cross, lemon-shaped flan. Estimate: $30-$45. grams.

871. Lima, Peru, cob 1/2 real, 1717. S-L20, KM-30, CT-1766. 1.4 grams. Full monogram, bold final digit of

date, nearly full cross, AXF with hint of oxidation. Estimate: $30-$45.

initially believed to be a quarter real, as all known specimens were underweight like this one (all from the Rimac River), but of course quarter reales were not being made at that time. The design is of a 1 escudo (castle) and 1 real (large cross), but we doubt the original size was any larger or heavier than for a half real. On this specimen, one of only about 5 known, the castle is nearly full but very off-center and the date and assayer are very weak, still AVF overall with light pitting and some toning.

Estimate: $250-$375.

872. Lima, Peru, cob 1/2 real, 1719. S-L20, KM-30, CT-1768. 1.0 gram. Bold full monogram and date and cross, attractively toned

Fine+ on a smallish planchet (possibly clipped long ago).

Estimate: $50-$75.

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Please place absentee bids at www.iCollector.com/sedwick (use the bid sheet at the end of this catalog for fax or mail bids)

THE COBS OF THE MINT OF LA PLATA, BOLIVIA At our American Numismatic Association Summer Seminar course this year, we were privileged to have Barry Stallard present his die-study proof on the cobs of La Plata, Bolivia. Barry has spent years studying the earliest shield-type cobs of Lima and Potosí for the “missing link” of La Plata.

His conclusions, summarized here, are beyond reproach.

Archival documents show that the Lima mint, under assayer Xinés Martínez, closed in 1572 and did not reopen until 1577, under assayer Diego de la Torre. In 1572, recognizing the need to move the mint closer to the source of the silver in Potosí, Viceroy Toledo ordered the dormant Lima mint to send its tools to a new mint in the mountain town of La Plata, where it was assumed that more silver would be turned in for making into coins, a process which generated income for the crown in the form of a 20% tax known as the quinto, the “king’s fifth.” The assayer selected for the job was none other than Alonso Rincón, the Lima mint assayer from its inception in 1568 to 1571 and also a former assayer of the Mexican mint in the 1540s.

Naturally the move was unpopular in Lima, whose mint workers instead sent only half the tools, which were received in La Plata in September of 1573.

Archives indicate that, by early 1574, only 2,104 marks of silver (equaling about 141,000 reales) were converted to coins at the La Plata mint, using whatever tools they had. That was still a paltry amount of silver, in fact not even enough to cover the high expenses and the all-important king’s fifth. A second move in March of 1574, this time to the source itself in Potosí, using the same assayer (Rincón) and tools, apparently solved the problem.

The problem for us, however, is how to identify those very few coins made in La Plata from December of 1573 through February of 1574. Because the same tools from Lima were used, the only major difference in design would be the assayer’s initial. More confounding is the fact that the general design—including the assayer’s initial R for Rincón—was not changed when minting resumed in Potosí. In a nutshell, the task at hand is to identify which of the assayer-R coins matched the dies of Lima assayer X.

In order not to miss anything, we start by assuming a whole range of denominations were made at La Plata: quarter, half, 1, 2, and 4 reales. Unfortunately, the known Lima assayerX specimens of the fractional (quarter and half) denominations are just too rare to find any comparisons, but Stallard found several partial matches (separate punches, particularly lions and castles) with assayer-R specimens in 1, 2 and 4 reales. After studying die states and other factors, Stallard concluded that these partial matches coincided with separate deliveries of the second half of the tools to the Potosí mint.

There was, however, one full die match: the entire cross side of a 1R with P-X to right with a 1R with P-R to the left. The shield side on these coins was not an exact match but did contain several of the same punches. It is intriguing to speculate that moving P-R to the left of the shield was Rincón’s way of distinguishing the La Plata issue, especially since all later 1R from Potosí showed the P-R on the right instead. The reverse of that rule seems to be the case for Potosí’s higher denominations, nearly all of which show P-R to the left exclusively.

Fortunately the X-to-R diematch in 1R that we can safely attribute to La Plata is easy to recognize. While the castles are fairly standard, the lions are distinctively passant (one paw raised) and have a prominent tongue. Also, the tressure around the cross is triple-punched. In his presentation, Stallard said that the multiple-tressure diagnostic occurs only in the third quadrant, which appeared to be the case on the average-grade specimen he displayed, but the specimen we offer in this auction shows the other quadrants more clearly and reveals faint tripling in them as well.

There are, in fact, only two known specimens of this La Plata issue so far, the Stallard specimen and the lot you see here. We expect and hope that this article will bring forth more examples, and perhaps something will turn up in other denominations as well. That said, if Stallard, who is an active collector, found only one example in one denomination in many years of study, and we can confirm only one other, then it will probably always be an extremely rare issue, just as you would expect from a mintage that lasted no more than three months.

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Shield-type

SILVER COBS OF POTOSI, BOLIVIA

879. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip II, P-”S/X” 878. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip II, P-M to left, very rare second assayer of mint. S-P2, KM-5.1, CT-141. 27.0 grams. Effectively the first earliest affordable 8 reales of this mint (since Rincón examples are tens of thousands of dollars, if you can ever find one in the first place), with bold P above weak but certain M to left, parts of legend bold, overall Fine with significant areas of weak strike. Estimate: $700-$1,000.

(assayer B), rare. S-P8, KM-5.1. 26.7 grams. This is perhaps the clearest example known of the famous “S/X issue” of assayer B, the S/X now believed to be an early attempt to craft a letter B using standard punches (since B was not one of the letters in the legends), with nice full shield and cross, particularly pronounced tressure, much legend, lightly toned Fine+ with hole at top, same dies as lot #681 in the June, 1993, Ponterio auction, which sold for $1,155. Estimate: $500-$750.

880. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip II, P-erasure-C, very rare. S-P5, KM-5.1, CT-160. 26.7 grams. Typically large flan with full crown and much legend, very clear C and erasure, in which you can barely make out what is believed to be B/S/X, full but partially weak cross and shield, About Fine with minor corrosion at very edge, a celebrated rarity that was once attributed (by Sellschopp) to La Plata in error, first specimen we have been able to offer in a long time. Estimate: $3,500$5,000.

881. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip II, P-B (3rd 882. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip II, P-B (3rd period), possibly finest known. S-P10, KM-5.1. 27.2 grams. This is the most terrific example of 3rd-period B we have ever seen (the specific die variety apparently missing in Sellschopp and Paoletti), with unusually broad flan containing nearly full legends, choice full crown, gorgeous full shield and cross, very bold P-B, lovely toning, XF for wear. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $700-$1,000.

period). S-P10, KM-5.1. 27.3 grams. Bold full shield and P-B, full but weak cross, nicely toned Fine with crude old plug at top (in crown). Estimate: $100-$150.

169

883. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip II, P-A. S-P11, KM5.1, CT-157. 27.6 grams. Choice specimen with full crown and shield

and cross, all well detailed, also bold P-A, well centered and round, VF+. With Spanish Colonial Coin Co. certificate and pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

886. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III, P-R (curved leg). S-P15, KM-10, CT-126. 26.9 grams. Lustrous AU- with bold PR, choice full shield, full cross, some legend. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $225-$350.

884. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip II, P-B (4th period). S-P12, KM-5.1. 27.2 grams. Bold P-B next to good full shield below full crown, full but doubled cross, much legend, deeply toned Fine+ with drilled hole near edge. Estimate: $100$150.

887. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III, P-M/Q, scarce. S-P18, KM-10. 27.0 grams. Broad flan with nice full shield and cross, bottom of old Q a bit below the M, full REX in legend, lightly toned AVF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection.

Estimate: $250-$375.

885. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip II, P-B (5th 888. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip IV, P•P (1620s), period), borders of x’s. S-P14, KM-5.5. 27.4 grams. Very nice bold and full shield below full crown with very bold P-B, choice full cross, clear x’s in border, AVF with lovely toning, spot of extra metal above denomination that could be a very subtle contemporaneous plug. Estimate: $200-$300.

scarce. S-P23, KM-19a. 27.1 grams. Bold P•P, full shield and cross, smallish flan, toned Fine with weak spots. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

889. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1629T, denomination O-VIII, large dots in borders. S-P26, KM-19a, CT-470. 27.0 grams.

Choice XF (near AU) with gorgeous full shield, bold full cross, clear 162 and tail of 9 of date, full •P•T• and denomination, lustrous with hint of toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection.

Estimate: $200-$300.

170

890. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1629T, denomination •8•, large dots in borders. S-P26, KM-19a, CT-470. 27.3 grams. Very bold 29 of date, full but partially crude shield and cross (one lion perfectly detailed), bold P-T and clear denomination, wellcentered VF with nice toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection.

Estimate: $250-$375.

891. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip IV, P-T, denomination x8x (1630). S-P26, KM-19a. 26.8 grams. Lustrous high grade (XF+), with choice full shield, full but weaker crosslions-castles, bold king’s name, part of edge crude, lightly toned.

Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $175-$250.

892. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (16)45T, rare. S-P30, KM19a, CT-492. 26.3 grams. A very tantalizing coin that Mark thought was 1625 (a date not yet confirmed to exist in 8 reales) because it shows a very full and clear 5 with a faint but certain horizontal line for the penultimate digit; but a careful study of the whole coin reveals its true attribution. The key to the puzzle is the lions and castles. In 1622 the mint changed from normal rampant lions to something flatter, at least for a few years, and we do not see the normal lions again till... 1645! It is not known why in that one year the mint went back to the normal lions after implementation of grander “furry” lions in the early 1640s, a style of lions which continued well into the pillars-and-waves period starting in 1652, but many clear-date specimens of 1645 are known with the normal lions to prove the issue.

Complicating matters is the fact that both the mid-1620s and the mid-1640s are crudely struck coins, like this one, which is doubled and flat in places. For its period this is actually a nice specimen, attractively toned Fine and with most data readable; we just cannot agree with Mark and call it 1625. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $500-$750.

893. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1647P/T, unique. S-P33, KM-19a. 27.9 grams. For the advanced Potosí 8 reales collector, this coin shows an exceptionally clear 47 date and bold assayer P punched over a faint T, typically very crude but full shield and cross (much doubling and flatness), lightly toned Fine, with odd triangular punchmark in middle of cross. Note that assayer P for this period was totally unknown until just a few years ago, and this is the only specimen known to us with clear date. Estimate: $1,500-$2,500.

171

896. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, Philip II, P-B (2nd period, “Great Module”). S-P6, KM-4.2. 13.5 grams. Choice specimen with full and incredibly detailed crown above full shield, full cross with weak center, bold P-B, much legend on a broad flan, beautifully toned AU- with hairline edge-split.

Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $250-$375.

897. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, Philip II, P-B (2nd

894. Denomination set (8-4-2-1 reales) of Potosí, Bolivia, cobs of Philip IV assayer Ramírez (late 1640s), who was executed for debasement. S-P31. 23.4, 10.4, 5.2 and 2.7 grams. This well-matched set (perhaps the only such set in existence) is a prime example of why Ramírez and his partner in crime, exmayor Rocha, were executed for malfeasance, as each coin is far underweight and discolored due to low fineness. Because of the massive recall and devaluation of these coins, specimens with a visible R for Ramírez are among the rarest of all Potosí coins, yet the R is clear on each coin in this set (the 8 reales is actually is R/P, which is unique). Average grade Fine, mostly nicely toned, the 4R with a touch of corrosion and the 2R with several edge-splits. The 8 reales is a Plate Coin on page 104 of The Practical Book of Cobs (4th edition, 2007). Estimate: $1,500-$3,000.

period). S-P6, KM-4.2. 13.5 grams. Bold details against dark fields, full shield and cross, most of crown, some bold legend (including erroneous DG, IISPANIARVM, with I instead of H and no comma between the D and G), VF with some two small flat spots. Estimate: $125-$200.

898. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, Philip II, P-B (2nd period). S-P6, KM-4.2. 13.6 grams. Round and well detailed, with choice full cross (just a bit doubled) and shield, with bold assayer and much legend, lustrous XF but with distractingly dark spots on shield side. Estimate: $125-$200.

895. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, Philip II, P-L to left. SP3, KM-4.2, CT-321 (under Lima). 13.2 grams. Round and well detailed,

with full shield and choice bold cross, clear P-L, nice crown, darkly toned XF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $250-$375.

899. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, Philip II, P-A. S-P11, KMBroad flan with much legend, full shield and cross, bold assayer A, VF with a few weak areas and dark spots. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $225-$325.

4.2, CT-346. 13.6 grams.

172

900. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, Philip II, P-B (4th period), long-tailed lions. S-P12, KM-4.2. 13.0 grams. Choice VF with full and well-detailed shield, good (but slightly weaker) full cross whose lions have tails that reach above their heads, much legend (period stops) and crown, richly toned on obverse only, small edge-split. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

904. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, Philip IV, P•P (1620s). SP23, KM-17. 13.1 grams. Full but off-center cross, incomplete (8R

sized?) shield, clear P•P, Fine+. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection.

Estimate: $110-$175.

905. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, Philip IV, P-T (late 901. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, Philip II, P-RL.

S-P13,

KM-4.2, CT-347. 13.3 grams. Round flan with very choice full shield

1620s). S-P24, KM-17a. 13.6 grams. Great full shield, full but offcenter and slightly weak cross, clear 16 of date, silvery AVF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $90-$135.

and cross, richly toned VF, a couple natural edge-flaws. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $225-$325.

906. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, Philip IV, (1649-50)O, 902. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, Philip II, P-B (5th period), borders of x’s. S-P14, KM-4.3. 12.7 grams. Full shield and cross (the latter doubled), lustrous XF but with corrosion on shield side, no toning. Estimate: $50-$75.

crowned-•F• countermark on cross, scarce as non-salvage.

S-P35, KM-17b. 11.1 grams. Round flan, full but partially flat shield and cross, bold countermark, About Fine with nice toning on fields. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $250-$375.

907. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip II, P-R to left 903. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, Philip III, P•M (1617), (Rincón), rare first issue of mint. S-P1, KM-3.2, CT-485 (under choice. S-P19, KM-9, CT-245. 13.6 grams. Very choice full and wellcentered shield and cross, bold P•M, beautifully toned VF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

Lima). 6.6 grams. Absolutely

immense flan with full legends and crown and inner details despite flat areas and minor doubling, Fine+ with toned fields. Estimate: $250-$375.

173

908. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip II, P-L/B (2nd period). S-P9, KM-3.3, CT-491 (under Lima). 6.6 grams. Never has there been a clearer example of this issue, which is identical dies with Sellschopp #47 of assayer B (small letter) but with the B partially erased and over-punched with L, the coin itself quite nice anyway, with full legends and crown in addition to the inner data (just a couple weak spots), wonderfully toned AVF with drilled hole at edge. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection.

Estimate: $225-$350.

912. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip II, P-RL (RL/ B?). S-P13, KM-3.2, CT-510. 6.7 grams. Full king’s name in legend, full but slightly weak shield and cross, most of crown, small lions and castles, toned AVF with crude assayer that really looks like L/B. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

913. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip III, P-RL (curved 909. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip II, P-B (3rd period). S-P10, KM-3.2. 6.9 grams. Choice high grade (lustrous AU-) with excellent full shield and crown and cross, some legend, toning in crevices. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection.

Estimate: $225-$350.

leg). S-P13, KM-3.2, CT-510. 6.3 grams. Bold king’s ordinal III in legend, good full shield and cross, nicely toned AVF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $125-$200.

914. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip III, P-M.

S-P18,

KM-8, CT-356. 6.8 grams. Good full cross and shield and nearly full

crown, toned VF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $110-$175.

910. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip II, P-A. S-P11, KM3.2, CT-508. 6.4 grams. Nice full shield and cross, most of crown, clear assayer, richly toned AVF with dark spot and edge irregularities. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150$225.

915. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1617(M), date at 12-1 o’clock, scarce. S-P19, KM-8, CT-356. 5.5 grams. Bold 16 of date followed by closely spaced 17, full cross, full and slightly crude off-center shield, guitar-pick shape, lightly toned Fine, underweight as made. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $125-$200.

911. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip II, P-B (4th

916. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip IV, P*P (early

period), half-real sized lions. S-P12, KM-3.2. 6.7 grams. High grade (XF+) with bold assayer, nice full shield and particularly well-defined cross with small castles and even tinier lions (toned in crevices). Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $110$175.

1620s), quadrants of cross transposed. S-P22, KM-14. 6.8 grams.

Bold mintmark and assayer with odd ornament in between, choice full shield, full cross, Fine+ with contrasting toning on fields. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $125-$200.

174

917. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1625P, extremely rare (discovery specimen), quadrants of cross transposed. S-P23, KM-14a. 6.6 grams. First specimen we have ever seen or heard of, with very bold 625 of date outside of a full cross, full shield on obverse with bold mintmark P, weak assayer P, clear denomination z, crude as expected but About Fine for wear, nicely toned.

Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $600-$900.

918. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, (1)628P/T, rare. S-P25, KM-14a. 6.0 grams. Broad flan with bold 2 and bottom half of 8 of date, good cross and full shield but very worn (Good) and with big drilled hole at edge. Estimate: $250-$375.

919. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, (1)629T, rare. S-P26, KM-14a, CT-880. 6.4 grams. Clear 6z9 of date, also clear P-T, full cross and shield, just a bit worn (VG) and with drilled hole at edge. Estimate: $250-$375.

920. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1630T, rare. S-P26, KM-14a, CT-881. 7.0 grams. Full date and crown, full but partially weak shield and cross, toned Fine, oddly overweight. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $110-$175.

921. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1632T, rare. S-P26, KM-14a. 6.0 grams. Full and mostly bold date, good cross, nearly full shield, lightly toned AVF with very crude edge (as made). Estimate: $275-$400.

922. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, (16)34T, very rare. S-P26, KM-14a. 6.7 grams. Big thick flan with full 4 of date, full P•T, good full cross, nearly full shield, slightly crude VF. Estimate: $250-$375.

923. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 163(?), assayer not visible. KM-14a. 5.9 grams. Bold 163 of date but blank after that, most of shield and half of cross as part of edge clipped off, toned AVF. Estimate: $60-$90.

924. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip IV, P-TR.

Full shield and cross (off-center) and P-TR, typically uneven in thickness, Fine. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

S-P27, KM-14a. 6.6 grams.

925. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip IV, P-FR, upper half of shield transposed, rare.

Eyecatching error with Naples-Sicily at upper left (might be the first we have seen), also bold full P-FR, nice half of cross, crude as expected, Fine with orange sediment on fields. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $100-$150.

S-P28, KM-14a. 5.6 grams.

926. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip IV, P-Z, scarce. S-P34, KM-14a. 6.5 grams. Nice full shield with bold P-Z and denomination z, also full cross, edge slightly crude, attractively toned VF+. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $100-$150.

927. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip IV, P-E, scarce. S-P36, KM-14b. 7.2 grams. Choice and Royal-like round flan with full and finely detailed crown, shield and cross-lions-castles, bold P-E, beautifully toned VF+. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection.

Estimate: $150-$225.

175

928. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, Philip II, P-R to right, assayer Rincón, rare first issue of mint. S-P1, KM-2.1, CT-638. 2.8 Choice full crown and shield (very intricate) with bold P-R to right, full but oxidized cross (probably salvaged), nicely toned Fine overall. Estimate: $75-$110. grams.

929. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, Philip II, P-B (2nd period). S-P6, KM-2.2, CT-649. 3.5 grams. Choice full cross, full PHILIPPVS and shield and crown, bold P-B, nice VF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $110-$175.

930. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, Philip II, P-A, unrecorded variety with single fleur-de-lis in shield. S-P11, KM-2.2, CT-648.

3.5 grams. Very choice detail all over, with bold P-A, king’s name, cross and shield, the last of

which shows a single fleur for New Burgundy (usually 2 or more), VF with wonderfully contrasting toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $110-$175.

931. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, Philip II, P-B (4th period). S-P12, KM-2.2, CT-649. 3.4 grams. Bold assayer, good full shield and cross (the latter slightly doubled), AVF with lovely toning. Estimate: $40-$60.

932. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, Philip II, P-R (Ramos), scarce. S-P13, KM-2.2, CT-650. 3.3 grams. Broad flan with good full shield and cross, silvery AVF. Estimate: $60-$90.

933. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, Philip II, P-R (Ramos), tiny R, scarce. S-P13, KM-2.2, CT-650. 3.3 grams. Full shield with tiny P-R to left, good lions and castles in crudely doubled cross, deeply toned Fine. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

934. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, Philip II, assayer not visible, mounted in 14K necklace bezel. KM-2.2. 5.6 grams. Very worn (Fair) and crude coin with pinhole near middle but with full enough cross to lend itself well to jewelry. Estimate: $35-$50.

935. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, Philip III, P-R, nice. S-P15, KM-7, CT-463. 3.4 grams. Bold P-R, full shield, good full cross, Fine with toning on fields. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

936. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, Philip III, P-Q/R, scarce.

S-P17, KM-7. 3.0 grams.

Bold Q/R, off-center shield and cross,

toned, crude Fine. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

937. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1618T, P-T to right, rare. S-P21, KM-7. 3.3 grams. Broad flan with 100% full date, full cross and full shield with crude but clear P-T to right (rare thus), toned About Fine. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

938. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, Philip III, P+T. S-P21, KM-7. 3.2 grams. Partial date (1618?), bold full shield, off-center cross, crude VG. Estimate: $50-$75.

176

939. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, Philip IV, P-T (1620s), quadrants of cross transposed. KM-12. 3.3 grams. Choice full shield with bold P-T, full cross-and-tressure, nice Fine. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $50-$75.

940. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1627P/T, unique and unlisted. S-P23. 3.9 grams. Bold assayer and 7 of date, a combination that is unlisted in all references, good full cross, off-center shield, crude but attractive Fine. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection.

Estimate: $150-$225.

941. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, Philip IV, P-T/P (ca. 1629). S-P26. 3.0 grams. Bold P-T/P, good full cross, incomplete shield, nicely toned Fine. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $50-$75.

942. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, (1)630(T), rare. S-P26, KM-12a, CT-1025. 3.0 grams. Clear date, full but crude cross and shield, most of crown, toned About Fine. Estimate: $70-$100.

943. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1631T, rare. S-P26, KM-12a, CT-1026. 3.3 grams. Choice detail for the issue, with bold 1631 date, full crown and shield and cross (all doubled), AVF with contrasting toning, drilled hole at edge. Estimate: $125-$200.

944. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, (16)32T, very rare. S-P26, KM-12a, CT-1027. 3.1 grams. Full and bold 2 of date, off-center cross, most of shield, crude and oxidized VG, only the second specimen we have ever seen. Estimate: $70-$100.

945. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, Philip IV, P-TR (large). S-P30, KM-12a. 3.8 grams. Exceptionally bold and full assayer mark (rare thus), good full shield and cross, toned AVF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

946. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, (16)41, assayer not visible, very rare. KM-12a. 3.2 grams. Bold full 41 of date (only the second specimen we have ever seen), nearly full shield and cross, Fine with patchy toning. Estimate: $175-$300.

947. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, (16)42FR, very rare. S-P28, KM-12a. 3.3 grams. Full 4 and partial 2 of date (first specimen we have confirmed), very crude strike, non-toned VG with green spots. Estimate: $75-$110.

948. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, (16)45T/TR, very rare. S-P30. 3.6 grams. Clear bottom half of 45 of date, bold T with parts of TR peeking out from underneath, nice little cross, good but off-center shield, non-toned AVF. Estimate: $100-$150.

949. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1645T, rare. S-P30, KM-12a, CT-1040. 4.0 grams. Full small cross, full 4 and top of 5 of date at edge, bold P-T, toned Fine with weak areas. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $125-$200.

950. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, (16)47T, very rare. S-P30, KM-12a, CT-1042. 3.2 grams. Choice full cross and shield, bold 7 and bottom of 4 of date, About Fine with contrasting toning, first and only specimen ever recorded. Estimate: $200-$300.

177

951. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 164(?)T. KM-12a. 2.8 grams. Nice full cross and shield but small flan, VF. Estimate: $60-$90.

952. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, Philip IV, unlisted error with no mintmark and assayer, 1/2R-sized lion and castle punches. KM-12a. 3.3 grams. Crazy coin that is clearly blank to left of shield, and the full cross shows tiny lions and castles, high grade (XF) but with some flat areas. Estimate: $50-$75.

953. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, (1651-2)E, scarce. S-P36, KM-12b. 3.3 grams. Choice, well-detailed shield and cross and crown, odd shape with hairline edge-split, lightly toned XF+. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $90-$135.

954. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, Philip II, P to left, R to right (Rincón), scarce first issue of mint. S-P1, CT-712 (under Lima). 1.7 grams. Very broad flan with full legends and crown, full monogram, full but doubled cross, AVF with contrasting toning.

Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

955. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, Philip II, R (Rincón) to left, P to right, scarce first issue of mint. S-P1, CT-713 (under Lima). 1.5 grams. Excellent

details (everything full), Fine with contrasting toning, well centered and round. Estimate: $125-$200.

956. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, Philip II, R (Rincón) to left, P to right, scarce first issue of mint. S-P1, CT-713 (under Lima). 1.4 grams. Full

crown and monogram and cross, lightly toned Fine with crude, square nail hole near edge. Estimate: $60-

$90.

957. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, Philip II, assayer M below monogram, scarce. S-P2, KM-1.2, CT-709 (under Lima). 1.6 grams.

Choice specimen with great full crown and monogram and bold M, full cross, toned AVF. Estimate: $125-$200.

958. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, Philip II, assayer A, rare. S-P11, KM-1.3, CT-722. 1.9 grams. Choice full cross and monogram with tiny A to left, particularly nice and neat borders of dots, lightly toned VF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $250$375.

959. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, Philip II, no assayer or mintmark (assayer-A period), very rare. 1.7 grams. Neat style (tiny and even dots) characteristic of assayer A but clearly missing any mintmark or assayer, good full cross, full but weak monogram, toned Fine. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

960. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, Philip II, assayer B (5th period), borders of x’s. S-P14, KM-1.4. 1.4 grams. Full but offcenter monogram and cross, clear assayer B and borders of x’s, toned but slightly crude Fine. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection.

Estimate: $50-$75.

961. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, Philip III, P to left, R to right. S-P15, KM-6.1, CT-558. 1.3 grams. Small round flan with full cross and monogram and crown, bold R, deeply toned VF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $50-$75.

962. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, Philip III, Q to left, P to right. S-P17, KM-6.1, CT-557. 1.7 grams. Choice bold monogram with bold assayer and mintmark, nice full cross too, VF with contrasting toning, just a bit wrinkled. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection.

Estimate: $150-$225.

178

963. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, Philip III, assayer M. S-P18, KM-6.1, CT-561. 1.4 grams. Full monogram with bold M to left, also full crown and off-center cross, toned VF (appears to be salvaged). Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $75-$110.

964. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/4 real, Philip II, assayer B (2nd period), rare. S-P6. 0.7 gram. Salvaged About Fine with clear P to left and B to right (weak castle), bold lion. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $100-$150.

965. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/4 real, Philip II, assayer L, very rare, finest known. S-P9. 0.8 gram. Very broad flan with complete legends and crowns, choice inner details, clear P and L (only 3 known to us, and this is the best), beautifully toned VF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $700-$1,000.

1652 transitionals 966. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1652E transitional, McLean Type VI, variety with two dots below crown. S-P37, KM-B13.2. 2.9 grams. Very choice specimen with full pillars-side data and crown and Potosí in legend, unbelievably well-detailed full cross, XF+ with beautifully contrasting toning.

Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

967. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1652E transitional, McLean Type VI.

S-P37, KM-B13.2. 2.6

Bold full pillars and cross but both off-center and peripheries flat, XF with lovely toning.

Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $100-$150. grams.

Pillars-and-waves type

968. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales Royal, 1657E. S-P37a, KM-21, CT-418. 27.6 grams. Nice strike even for a Royal (round presentation issue), well centered and even and with no doubling, all details clear, typically gilded and holed and obviously worn for many years (AVF grade), probably because it is so lovely, yet not a particularly rare year for Royals (Lázaro records 7 different dies).

Estimate: $2,500-$3,750.

179

969. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1658E. S-P37a, KM-21, CT446. 27.5 grams. Choice full cross and pillars-and-waves, with bold

972. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1663E. S-P37a, KM-21, CT-

date in legend plus 1-1/2 others, 2 mintmarks and 3 assayers, nicely toned VF with curious edge-split. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $350-$500.

452. 26.6 grams. Incredible

full pillars side with bold 4-digit date in legend, full cross with bold PHILIPPVS IIII in legend, AVF with toning that points to the ca.-1671 Seville Harbor wreck for provenance (unconfirmed). Pedigreed to Ponterio auction #147, lot 64, and pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $450$675.

970. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1659E. S-P37a, KM-21, CT447. 26.8 grams. Royal-like pillars side with complete inner details

and 4-digit date in legend (the other 2 dates bold as well), 3 mintmarks (2 bold), both crowns nice, lightly toned Fine.

Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $350-$500.

973. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1664E. S-P37a, KM-21, CT453. 26.6 grams. Choice full cross and pillars, well centered, with 2

dates, 3 mintmarks and assayers, Fine with some weak spots but contrasting toning. Estimate: $250-$375.

971. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1660E. S-P37a, KM-21, CT448. 28.5 grams. Full pillars-and-waves, double-struck cross, 3 dates and mintmarks, Fine with flat spots. Estimate: $175-$250.

974. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1665E. S-P37a, KM-21, CT454. 25.9 grams. Bold 4-digit date in legend (plus parts of 2 others) outside full waves, good full cross and crown, lightly toned AVF. Estimate: $250-$375.

975. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1666E. S-P37a, KM-21, CTExcellent full cross and pillars, full crown, all 3 dates and mintmarks and assayers at least partially visible, Fine+ with contrasting toning. Estimate: $250-$375.

455. 25.8 grams.

180

976. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1667E. S-P37a, KM-21, CT- 979. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1672E. S-P37b, KM-26, CTBold full pillars with bold date and mintmark and assayer, crude and weak full cross, Fine for actual wear.

Estimate: $175-$250.

342. 27.4 grams.

347. 27.2 grams. Bold full pillars, good full cross, part of king’s name in legend, nice crown, 2 dates and mintmarks and assayers, VF with flat areas. Estimate: $200-$300.

977. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1668E. S-P37b, KM-26, CT- 980. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1672E. S-P37b, KM-26, CT343. 26.7 grams. Excellent

full pillars and cross (well centered), 2 dates, Fine with some weak areas but contrasting toning.

Estimate: $250-$375.

347. 26.6 grams. Full king’s name, bold full pillars, clear date, Fine

with many weak areas. Estimate: $175-$250.

978. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1669E. S-P37b, KM-26, CT- 981. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1674E. S-P37b, KM-26, CT344. 27.9 grams. Full and bold 4-digit date in legend plus 2 others,

349. 27.5 grams. Broad flan with great full pillars and waves, bold

bold POTO(SI), full waves, 2 bold mintmarks and assayers, weak and doubled cross below nice crown, Fine with light old scratches. Estimate: $200-$300.

POTOSI and PERV in legend, good but slightly doubled and off-center cross, 2 dates, 3 mintmarks and assayers, lightly toned VF. Estimate: $200-$300.

982. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1675E. S-P37b, KM-26, CT350. 26.7 grams. Incredibly bold date in legend, which also shows

(P)OTOSI, EL PERV and CARO(LVS), full but partially weak pillars and cross, Fine with contrasting toning. Estimate: $200$300.

181

983. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1675E. S-P37b, KM-26, CT- 987. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1678E. S-P37b, KM-26, CT-

350. 25.1 grams. Nice full pillars-and-waves, full but weak cross, 2 mintmarks, 3 assayers, Fine with weak areas. Estimate: $175$250.

354. 27.5 grams. Full cross and pillars, bold full waves, 3 dates, 2 mintmarks and assayers, lightly toned Fine with flat areas, part of edge crude. Estimate: $175-$250.

984. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1676E. S-P37b, KM-26, CT- 988. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1678E. S-P37b, KM-26, CT-

Bold full pillars, nice lions in full but partially weak cross, 3 assayers, 2 mintmarks, Fine. Estimate: $175$250.

351. 27.5 grams.

Choice full pillars-and-waves and cross-lionscastles, bold mintmark, 2 dates and assayers, nice VF. Estimate: $250-$375.

354. 27.1 grams.

985. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1677E. S-P37b, KM-26, CT- 989. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1678E. S-P37b, KM-26, CT-

Nice full cross, nearly full pillars, but much flatness, still with 2 dates and assayers, crude About Fine with lightly scuffed surfaces. Estimate: $150-$225.

352. 26.9 grams.

Bold (P)OTOSI and part of king’s name, offcenter cross, bold date and denomination, Fine with much flatness. Estimate: $175-$250.

354. 27.0 grams.

986. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1678E. S-P37b, KM-26, CT- 990. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1678E. S-P37b, KM-26, CT354. 27.0 grams. Gorgeous full cross-lions-castles, full pillars-and-

waves, very bold date and mintmark and denomination, richly toned AXF. Estimate: $250-$375.

354. 26.6 grams. Very high grade (AU) with choice full pillars-and-

waves, full cross with well-detailed castle, CAROL(VS) in legend, 2 dates and mintmarks, 3 assayers. Estimate: $250-$375.

182

991. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1679C. S-P38, KM-26, CT- 995. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1686VR. S-P40, KM-26, CTFull pillars-and-waves, incomplete cross, bold assayer and 2 bold mintmarks, VF with flat areas. Estimate: $150-$225.

357. 25.7 grams.

Two very bold dates (one in legend), full but doubled pillars and cross, 3 mintmarks, AVF with flat areas.

Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $250-$375.

369. 26.8 grams.

992. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1679C. S-P38, KM-26, CT357. 25.9 grams. Bold

and full but doubled cross and pillars-andwaves, bold date and 2 mintmarks, VF with flat areas and one old scratch. Estimate: $175-$250.

996. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1690VR. S-P40, KM-26, CT376. 27.5 grams. Broad

planchet with excellent full crown, pillars and waves, also full cross, 3 dates, 2 assayers and mintmarks, very nice AVF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $325$475.

993. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1679C. S-P38, KM-26, CTFull pillars, full but off-center cross, 2 assayers, very weak date, AVF with flat areas. Estimate: $100-$150.

357. 27.0 grams.

997. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1701Y, Charles II posthumous. S-P43, KM-26, CT-392. 26.6 grams. Scarce issue with clear O of king’s name, 2 full dates and assayers, 3 mintmarks, nice full pillars and bold cross, AVF, much nicer strike than usual for this assayer. Estimate: $275-$400.

994. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1683V.

S-P39, KM-26, CT-

Broad flan with full date in legend, full pillarsand-waves with second date, choice full crown, nearly full cross, king’s ordinal II, AVF with weak areas. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $275-$400.

365. 27.4 grams.

183

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998. Contemporary counterfeit of a Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1702(Y). 26.9 grams. Thick and chunky planchet that at first looks like a genuine issue of the 1760s, but the date is clearly 1702 and other inconsistencies (odd P and lions) belie its authenticity, toned VF+ but with obvious wear from its time. Pedigreed to Ponterio auction #93 (March 13-14, 1998), lot #1280, with lot-card. Estimate: $100-$300.

1002. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1728M, finest known. SP44, KM-31, CT-826. 27.5 grams. Incredible

quality for this chunky era, with 100% full and bold date in legend plus 2 others (both bold), good full pillars and cross, VF with toning in crevices, very high previous auction price. Pedigreed to the Heritage auction #3000, lot 50473 (Besalu collection), where it sold for $1,495, and pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $600-$900.

999. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1706Y, scarce. S-P43a, KM- 1003. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1734E. S-P46, KM-31a, CTVery richly toned, with bold full pillars (very strong 8 and date), full but crude cross, Fine with flat peripheries, actually rather nice for its time. Estimate: $300$450.

31, CT-866. 25.8 grams.

831. 27.1 grams. Choice

full pillars and cross, both well centered, 2 dates and mintmarks, 3 assayers, dark VF+ with touch of corrosion at very edge. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection.

Estimate: $325-$475.

1000. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1708Y. S-P43a, KM-31, CT- 1004. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1738M. S-P47, KM-31a, CT868. 26.5 grams. Very thick and crude but with 2 clear dates, richly toned Fine with extensive flatness. Estimate: $200-$300.

836. 27.9 grams. Full pillars, very bold cross (tall in center), choice

but dark XF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $300$450.

1001. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1726Y (Louis I), rare.

S-P43b, KM-35, CT-25. 26.5 grams. Three full dates (1726 in legend),

2 mintmarks and assayers, full cross and pillars-and-waves, nicely toned Fine+, much better strike than usual for this issue.

Estimate: $500-$750.

184

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1005. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales Royal, 1739M. S-P47, KM-31a, CT-837. 25.4 grams. Like all Royal presentation issues in this era, this coin is very think and nearly round with practically no visible legends, but the inner details are full (choice cross and pillars) and the thickness of the planchet is even, which is definitely not the case with the business strikes. AVF with contrasting toning, holed at edge as usual. Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.

S-P47, KM-31a,

1008. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1749q. S-P50a, KM-40, CT-

Choice XF+ with super full cross, full but very slightly doubled pillars, 2 clear dates, 3 mintmarks, darkly toned. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $350-$500.

359. 27.1 grams. Superb specimen for its time, with bold full cross and pillars, 2 dates and mintmarks, 3 full assayers, richly toned all over, VF+. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $350$500.

1006. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1740M. CT-838. 27.0 grams.

1007. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1748q. S-P50a, KM-40, CTFull and bold cross and pillars, 2+ dates, 2 mintmarks, dark VF+ with edge-crack, choice for the era.

Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $350-$500.

358. 26.2 grams.

1009. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1750q. S-P50a, KM-40, CT360. 27.0 grams. Choice, lustrous AU with full and bold cross and pillars-and-waves, bold date and parts of 2 others, 3 assayers, 2 mintmarks, some toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection.

Estimate: $350-$500.

1010. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1752q. S-P52, KM-40, CT364. 27.5 grams. Choice for the era with bold full cross and pillars-

and-waves, 2 bold dates, 3 assayers and mintmarks, darkly toned XF with part of edge flat. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection.

Estimate: $350-$500.

185

1011. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1753q. S-P52, KM-40, CTSuper bold cross (well centered), bold and full but off-center pillars, 2 mintmarks and assayers, POTOS(I) in legend, dark but very choice grade of AU. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $350-$500.

1015. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1659E. S-P37a, KM-18, CT-

1012. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1754C+q, very scarce.

1016. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1676E, rare. S-P37b, KM-

S-P53, KM-40, CT-371. 27.4 grams. Bold pillars with super date and

25, CT-501. 12.6 grams. Clear date above full waves (doubled pillars),

2 different assayers (C at upper right, q at lower left), also nice full cross with P to left and C to right, nicely toned AXF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $400-$600.

nearly full cross, nicely toned but crude About Fine with flatness, rare date (missing in Sellschopp). Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection.

Estimate: $250-$375.

365. 27.1 grams.

751. 12.7 grams. Good but off-center cross with bold E to right, full pillars with clear date, nicely toned Fined with peripheral flatness. Estimate: $175-$250.

1017. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1682V, scarce. S-P39, KM1013. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1767V-Y.

S-P57, KM-45,

CT-954. 26.8 grams. Round

planchet with good full cross, nearly full pillars, nicely toned VF. Estimate: $250-$375.

Full and bold pillars, nice but off-center cross, 2 bold dates, 3 assayers, (CA)ROLVS in legend, VF with attractively toned fields, scarce date (missing in Karon). Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $250-$375.

25, CT-509. 13.7 grams.

1014. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1658E. S-P37a, KM-18, CT750. 13.3 grams. Broad flan with full cross and pillars-and-waves,

1018. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1703Y, scarce.

3 bold dates and mintmarks, 2 assayers, AVF with some flatness, faint toning that points to the ca.-1671 Seville Harbor wreck for provenance (unconfirmed). Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection.

Estimate: $325-$475.

Full and well-centered pillars, nearly full but off-center cross with most of crown above, clear date, bold mintmark, dusty AVF for issue. Estimate: $175-$250.

KM-30, CT-1084. 12.4 grams.

186

S-P43a,

1019. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1745q, scarce. S-P50, KM-30a, CT-1131. 11.8 grams. Bold full pillars with clear date, full cross, dark and lightly corroded as from unidentified salvage (XF details), also scarcer date (missing in Karon). Estimate: $200-$300.

1020. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1748q. S-P50a, KM-39, CT-435. 13.6 grams. Choice for era with full pillars and cross, 2 dates, 3 assayers, dark AXF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $250-$375.

1021. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1750E, scarce. S-P51, KM-39, CT-437. 13.4 grams. High grade (XF+) and choice for the era, with full cross and pillars, bold date and parts of 2 others, 2 assayers, darkly toned all over, scarce date (missing in Karon).

Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $250-$375.

1022. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1767V-Y. S-P57, KM-44, CT-1160. 13.3 grams. Typically thick and chunky but somewhat round flan with bold denomination and clear date, well-centered and nicely toned AVF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

1023. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1653E, PH at top. S-P37a, KM-16, CT-898. 7.1 grams. Bold full waves, good full cross, 3 dates, toned Fine+ with some peripheral flatness. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

1024. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1655E. S-P37a, KM-16, CT-901. 5.3 grams. Fat urn shape with extra wide and bold pillars, nearly full cross, 2 dates, nicely toned AVF with some edges flat. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $125-$200.

1025. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1656E. S-P37a, KM-16, CT-900. 7.0 grams. Broad flan with bold full pillars-and-waves, full cross, 3 dates, 2 assayers, toned Fine with touch of corrosion. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $100-$150.

1026. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1657E. S-P37a, KM-16, CT-905. 5.9 grams. Choice full pillars-and-waves and cross, 2 bold dates and mintmarks, VF with rich old toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

1027. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1658E, finest known. S-P37a, KM-16, CT-906. 7.1 grams. Near-perfect, Royal-like detail all over, well-centered, with bold date in legend and 2 others, 3 mintmarks, AXF with nice toning on fields, best specimen we have seen. Pedigreed to the Paul Karon and Mark Bir collections. Estimate: $350-$500.

187

1028. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1660E. S-P37a, KM-16, CT-908. 6.4 grams. Crude broad flan with much interior flatness and some doubling, 4-digit date in legend and parts of 2 others, bold assayer, full waves, AVF for wear, toned in crevices. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

1029. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1661E. S-P37a, KM-16, CT-909. 5.7 grams. Crude flan but with some bold strike in high grade (one castle pristine), full king’s ordinal IIII, one choice full pillar with bold P and E and date, second date below cross, toned XF with big flat area. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $110-$175.

1030. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1662E. S-P37a, KM-16, CT-910. 5.7 grams. Broad flan with full cross and waves, 2 dates and assayers and mintmarks, old-toned Fine with scratches and minor edge-split. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $90$135.

1031. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1663E, scarce. S-P37a, KM-16, CT-911. 4.4 grams. Nice full pillars-and-waves and cross, 2 bold dates and mintmarks, nicely toned AXF with flat areas and scratches, oddly underweight. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection.

Estimate: $150-$225.

1032. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1664E, scarce. S-P37a, KM-16, CT-912. 5.9 grams. Huge flan with choice full pillars and bold waves (also nice crown), full but partially flat cross, 2 dates, 3 mintmarks, XF with some luster and toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

1033. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1665E. S-P37a, KM-16, CT-913. 6.2 grams. Full and bold waves, nearly full pillars and cross, bold full date and mintmark and assayer, AXF with peripheral flatness, contrasting toning, edge-split. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection.

Estimate: $125-$200.

1034. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1666E. S-P37a, KM-16, CT-914. 6.1 grams. Three dates, 2 assayers, good but incomplete cross and off-center pillars, king’s name in legend, nicely toned AVF with peripheral flatness and edge-split. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

1035. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1667E, interesting shape. S-P37a, KM-16, CT-594. 7.5 grams. Absolutely immense flan with dull point (would make a seriously cool guitar pick!), with choice full pillars-and-waves and nice cross, 2 dates and assayers, richly toned VF with 2 flat areas near edge, one of which bears a plugged hole. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

188

1036. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1668E. S-P37b, KM-24, CT-595. 6.4 grams. Good full cross and pillars-and-waves with bold date, clear assayer, (P)OTOSI in legend, toned VF with light corrosion as from unidentified salvage. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $100-$150.

1037. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1669E, scarce. S-P37b, KM-24, CT-596. 6.4 grams. Bold 669 date in legend plus parts of 2 others, 2 assayers, nearly full pillars and cross but much flatness, otherwise AVF, edge-split, scarce date (missing in Karon).

Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $125-$200.

1038. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1670E, scarce. S-P37b, KM-24, CT-597. 7.1 grams. Superb strike with full cross and pillars-and waves, 3 dates and assayers, XF+ with contrasting tan sediment on fields, possibly the best we have ever seen. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $250-$375.

1039. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1671E. S-P37b, KM-24, CT-598. 5.5 grams. Full 4-digit date in legend and bold date above full waves, incomplete cross with clear CAROL(VS) in legend, crude Fine+ with flat areas and edge-splits. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $110-$175.

1040. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1672E.

Super full pillars and cross with excellent detail against toned fields, bold date and assayer and 2 bold mintmarks, VF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

S-P37b, KM-24, CT-599. 5.8 grams.

1041. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1673E, scarce. S-P37b, KM-24, CT-600. 4.5 grams. Good full cross, full but off-center pillarsand-waves, 2 dates and assayers, Fine+ with contrasting toning, small hole near edge. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $100-$150.

1042. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1675E. S-P37b, KM-24, CT-602. 6.5 grams. Broad flan with full pillars and cross, 2 dates and assayers and mintmarks, a bit crude though, Fine with patchy toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $100-$150.

1043. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1676E, scarce. S-P37b, KM-24, CT-603. 5.3 grams. Big, teapot-shaped flan with 2 super bold dates, nearly full cross and pillars, choice full crown, 3 assayers, 2 mintmarks, Fine with toned fields and some flatness. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

1044. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1677+76E, rare. S-P37b. 5.7 grams. Bold full 776 date below nearly full cross, good full pillars with bold 77 date, Fine with peripheral flatness and tiny hole at edge. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $125-$200.

189

1045. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1678E. S-P37b, KM-24, CT-606. 8.1 grams. Big, thick coin (vastly overweight) with bold date in excellent full pillars-and-waves, full but slightly messy cross, 3 assayers, 2 mintmarks, Fine with flat spots, some toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $110-$175.

1046. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1679V. S-P39, KM-24, CT-608. 7.0 grams. Full 4-digit date in legend plus 2 others above full waves and below nearly full cross, off-center strike, Fine+. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

1047. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1680V. S-P39, KM-24, CT-609. 5.8 grams. Nice full tops of pillars and crown, good but incomplete cross, bold date and 2 bold mintmarks, VF with flat peripheries but nicely toned fields. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $125-$200.

1048. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1682V, finest known. S-P39, KM-24, CT-611. 6.5 grams. Incredibly choice, high-grade specimen on a big, onion-shaped flan with 100% full cross-lions-castles and pillars-and-waves, 2 dates and all 3 mintmarks and assayers, bold king’s ordinal II, a couple minor edge-splits but nicely toned, AU, best specimen we have ever seen. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $350-$500.

1049. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1683V. S-P39, KM-24, CT-612. 5.3 grams. Interestingly large and somewhat heart-shaped flan with nice full cross and pillars-and-waves, 2 dates and mintmarks, 3 assayers, Fine+ with nicely toned fields, but 2 holes and one attempted at edge. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

1050. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1684V. S-P39, KM-24, CT-613. 5.8 grams. Choice full cross-lions-castles and pillars but very crude edge (as made), bold date, 2 mintmarks, VF+ with tan sediment on fields. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

1051. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1685VR. S-P40, KM-24, CT-615. 6.7 grams. High grade (XF+), with full cross and pillars-andwaves, 3 clear dates, king’s ordinal II, partially toned and with some weak areas. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150$225.

1052. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1686VR. S-P40, KM-24, CT-617. 7.8 grams. Choice specimen on a huge flan (30 mm) with excellent (well-centered) full cross and pillars, 3 bold dates, 2+ assayers and parts of 3 mintmarks, AXF, attractively toned, one of the best specimens possible. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

1053. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1687VR. S-P40, KM-24, CT-618. 6.7 grams. Super broad planchet with great full cross and pillars, 2 dates and assayers and mintmarks, very nice strike but a bit worn (Fine), richly toned. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection.

Estimate: $200-$300.

190

1054. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1688VR.

S-P40, KM-24,

CT-619. 6.1 grams. Bold 4-digit date in legend plus other 2 bold as

well, worn (About Fine) and with much flatness but still nice, with contrasting toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection.

Estimate: $110-$175.

1055. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1689VR.

S-P40, KM-24,

1058. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1695VR.

S-P40, KM-24,

Great full pillars and cross, good full crown, bold date, 2 assayers and mintmarks, richly toned XF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

CT-626. 6.0 grams.

1059. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1696VR.

S-P40, KM-24,

CT-620. 5.6 grams. Choice bold details (full cross and pillars-and-

CT-627. 5.8 grams. Roundish flan with super full pillars, good full

waves, both slightly doubled), 2 bold dates, 3 assayers and mintmarks, (CA)ROLVS II in legend, somewhat lemon-shaped VF with contrasting toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection.

Estimate: $150-$225.

cross, 2 dates, 3 mintmarks and assayers, attractively toned FVF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $175-$250.

1060. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1697VR.

S-P40, KM-24,

CT-628. 6.9 grams. Three

1056. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1690VR.

S-P40, KM-24,

clear dates, nearly full cross and pillars, lustrous and high grade (at least XF) but with some weak strike.

Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $125-$200.

CT-621. 6.6 grams. Crude

strike (much flatness) but with parts of all 3 dates, 3 clear assayers, one choice full pillar, Fine+ for actual wear. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $110$175.

1061. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1697CH, rare. S-P41, KMLustrous and high-grade specimen (XF+) of a rare one-year assayer, visible clearly 3 times on this coin, also with choice full cross and good but very slightly doubled full pillars, no toning. Estimate: $350-$500.

24, CT-629. 6.4 grams.

1057. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1693VR. CT-624. 6.2 grams. Full

S-P40, KM-24,

cross and pillars, 3 mintmarks, 2 assayers, Fine with lightly toned fields. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection.

Estimate: $125-$200.

191

1062. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1698F. S-P42, KM-24, CT631. 6.1 grams. Crude strike (flat spots) but with 2 clear dates and

assayers, richly toned AVF with some dark sediment. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $90-$135.

1064. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1726(Y), Louis I, scarce,

1063. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1700F, sideways 8 for 00 in date. S-P42, KM-24, CT-633. 7.2 grams. Choice full pillarsand-waves, nice but slightly off-center full cross, beautifully toned VF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $250$375.

mounted pillars-side out in 14K necklace bezel. S-P43b, KM34, CT-39. 9.8 grams. Very worn coin (AVG) but with decent cross above full date, second date above full waves, nicely toned, with tiny sapphires on prongs of bezel. Estimate: $100-$150.

192

1065. Potosí, Bolivia, special “zoomorphic” presentationissue cob 2 reales, 1735E, in the form of a two-headed condor, unique and important. S-P46, KM-29a, CT-1358. 9.6 grams. A major highlight of this sale, showing just how skilled the craftsmen at the mint could be, as the planchet for this coin was carefully cut to mirror the coat-of-arms of Potosí— principally a twoheaded condor—and was struck deeply once to get the main design and then several more times around the edge with just parts of the dies in a very artistic way, sometimes even upside-down, even going so far as to place dots for the condors’ eyes! The Potosí coat-of-arms (which mirrored that of the city of Toledo in Spain) is an intentional double entendre using both Habsburg and native Andean imagery, which were eerily similar and differed only in the type of bird, eagles being common in Spain and condors being common in Peru. In effect this coin is a presentation issue that goes beyond the level of Royals and even Hearts, and so we surmise it had a very special purpose. We note with interest that in that same year for the first time a representative of the Inca natives, Don Alberto Chosop, was granted an official position in the Spanish government, so perhaps this was a welcome gift for him. Another possibility is that this issue is linked to the naming of José Antonio de Mendoza as Viceroy of Peru in 1735. In any case we know from other pieces that this assayer, Estéban Gutiérrez de Escalante, was in the habit

of making special numismatic works of art, not just Hearts and Royals but also a famous llama 4 reales of 1734 (much simpler in craftsmanship than the present item), sold by Ponterio in 1995 for $18,000 (worth considerably more today).

Actually our two-headed condor piece has also appeared at auction before, but in the form of a cast counterfeit in A l m a n z a r ’s December 1976 sale.

We can trace the ownership of our coin, by all accounts the genuine original from which the counterfeit was cast, back to that time, when it must have left the estate of a Bolivian family with noble roots and entered the numismatic world, passing through the hands of some i m p o r t a n t numismatists like Carlos Janson of Argentina. We feel this unique coin, XF+ with beautiful natural toning, truly has no limit to value, but for comparison we point to the second-to-last entry in Lázaro’s book on Royals and other special presentation coins, an eagleshaped 8 reales of 1752, to which the author gave a value of $80,000 in 1996. In terms of zoomorphic cobs (which, by the way, all have weights that do not necessarily correspond to their denominations), if the eagle is the most valuable 8R and the llama is the most valuable 4R, then by all rights our two-headed condor should be the most valuable 2R and deserves a place with the two larger coins as the sine qua non of Potosí cobs. We congratulate the new owner in advance.

Estimate: $25,000-up.

193

1066. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1739M. S-P47, KM-29a, CT-1364. 6.7 grams. Nice bold pillars, nearly full but off-center cross, VF with dark orange sediment on fields. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $100-$150.

1067. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1741/0P, rare overdate. S-P48. 6.3 grams. Second specimen known (last one sold by us in 2005), with overdate only below the full cross, the main date in the full pillars just 741, all well centered and nice for the era, toned AVF. Estimate: $150-$225.

1068. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1744q. S-P50, KM-29a, CT-1373. 6.6 grams. Bold full cross, perfectly centered, also full pillars, 2 dates, nicely toned VF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $110-$175.

1069. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1761V-(Y). S-P57, KM-43, CT-1359. 6.6 grams. Bold date between pillars, off-center cross, 2 assayers, typically crude, Fine with dark sediment on fields. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $80-$120.

1070. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1762(V-Y), cut into pomegranate(?) shape. S-P57, KM-43, CT-1360. 5.0 grams. Clear date and part of another, nearly full cross and pillars, cut outside the mint into a curious finial shape that we guess is a pomegranate, holed in the trunk and obviously well worn (AVG) after the cutting. Estimate: $70-$100.

1071. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1766V-Y. S-P57, KM-43, CT-1365. 6.0 grams. Typically chunky flan with good cross and pillars (for the type), lightly toned Fine, nice old pedigree. Pedigreed to the Echenique Collection, with small tray and label Estimate: $175-$250.

1072. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1772(V)-Y. S-P59, KM-43, CT-1374. 6.5 grams. Big bold cross, bold date between pillars, chunky Fine. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $80-$120.

1073. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1652E (post-transitional), 1-PH-6 at top. S-P37a, KM-13, CT-1052. 3.1 grams. Good full cross, full pillars and bold waves, bold (1)-PH-6, king’s ordinal IIII, 2 dates, 3 assayers, About Fine for wear. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

1074. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1653E, PH at top. S-P37a, KM-13, CT-1053. 3.8 grams. Bold details, full cross and pillars, 2 dates and assayers, nicely toned Fine+. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $80-$120.

1075. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1654E. S-P37a, KM-13, CT-1054. 2.5 grams. Three clear dates, full but partially flat cross, bold waves, Fine with mostly dark toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $90-$135.

1076. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1655E. S-P37a, KM-13, CT-1055. 2.2 grams. Two bold dates, very bold waves, nearly full cross and pillars, king’s ordinal IIII, Fine. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $75-$110.

1077. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1656E. S-P37a, KM-13, CT-1056. 2.6 grams. Full 4-digit date in legend plus 1-1/2 others, most of king’s name visible, full but off-center cross, very off-center pillars (one full), richly toned Fine+. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection.

Estimate: $110-$175.

194

1078. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1657E. S-P37a, KM-13, CT-1057. 2.8 grams. Full 4-digit date in legend, good cross, off-center pillars, PHIL(IPPVS) in legend, VF with patchy toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $110-$175.

1079. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1658E. S-P37a, KM-13, CT-1058. 3.6 grams. Good full pillars-and-waves with clear main date and 4-digit date in legend, third date below bold but crudely doubled cross, Fine with contrasting toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $75-$110.

1080. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1659E. S-P37a, KM-13, CT-1059. 5.8 grams. Very overweight flan that could pass for a 2R, with flat peripheries but nice full cross, full pillars, clear date, 3 assayers, toned AVF with edge-split. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection.

Estimate: $100-$150.

1081. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1660E. S-P37a, KM-13, CT-1060. 2.8 grams. Nearly full cross and pillars, 2 dates, About Fine with flat peripheries and dark sediment on fields. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

1082. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1661E. S-P37a, KM-13, CT-1061. 3.0 grams. Good full cross and pillars-and-waves, clear date, 3 assayers, 2 mintmarks, nicely toned AVF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

1083. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1662E. S-P37a, KM-13, CT-1062. 3.1 grams. Bold cross and pillars, both well centered, but with flat peripheries, Fine with dark sediment on fields. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

1084. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1663E, scarce. S-P37a, KM-13, CT-1063. 3.1 grams. Choice detail, full pillars and nearly full cross, 2 bold dates and mintmarks, VF with wonderful toning on fields. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $110-$175.

1085. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1664E. S-P37a, KM-13, CT-1064. 2.8 grams. Full 4-digit date in legend plus 2 others, one bold pillar and full waves, good full cross, 2 mintmarks, lightly toned VF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $110-$175.

1086. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1665E.

Choice, high-grade details (super lion and castle) where not flat, with 2 dates, nice crown, lightly toned XF+. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $90-$135.

S-P37a, KM-13, CT-1065. 2.7 grams.

1087. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1666E. S-P37a, KM-13, CT-1066. 4.2 grams. Great full cross, full pillars, 2 clear dates and assayers, toned AVF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $90-$135.

1088. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1667E, Charles II. S-P37b, KM-23, CT-703. 3.8 grams. Choice full cross with clear date and bold king’s ordinal II, full 4-digit date in legend and third date between pillars, AVF with dark and nicely contrasting toning on fields.

Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

1089. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1668E. S-P37b, KM-23, CT-704. 3.2 grams. Smallish flan with choice but off-center cross above bold date, full pillars with second bold date, lightly toned VF+. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $80-$120.

195

1090. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1669E. S-P37b, KM-23, CT-705. 3.0 grams. Choice full cross with perfectly detailed lions and castles, also choice full pillars, 2 dates and mintmarks and assayers, VF+ with lovely toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection.

Estimate: $125-$200.

1091. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1670E. S-P37b, KM-23, CT-706. 2.3 grams. Thin, salvaged specimen with bold date, nearly full cross, Fine with much dark toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

1092. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1671E. S-P37b, KM-23, CT-707. 2.7 grams. Odd shape, bold date between pillars, nearly full cross with second date below, AVF with flat spots and patchy toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

1093. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1672/1E, scarce overdate. S-P37b, KM-23. 2.7 grams. Smallish flan with full cross and pillars, clear date and overdate on both sides (third specimen we have seen), lightly toned Fine+. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection.

Estimate: $70-$100.

1094. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1672E, natural heart shape (as made). S-P37b, KM-23, CT-708. 3.4 grams. Somewhat crude but with bold date, dark AVF with flat areas, flan a bit bent, desirable shape. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $125-$200.

1095. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1673/2E, rare overdate. S-P37b, KM-23. 2.5 grams. Full pillars with bold date (second example of this overdate we have seen), 2 assayers, lightly toned Fine with flat areas. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

1096. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1674E. S-P37b, KM-23, CT-710. 3.9 grams. Curious turnip shape with sharp point, full pillars and cross, 4-digit date in legend plus main on between pillars, Fine with uneven toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $80-$120.

1097. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1675E. S-P37b, KM-23, CT-711. 3.3 grams. Choice full cross and bold pillars, bold date in legend, clear main date, AVF with attractively contrasting toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $125-$200.

1098. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1676E. S-P37b, KM-23, CT-712. 2.3 grams. Crude strike but technically decent grade (XF), with 2 dates and mintmarks, 3 assayers, dark encrustation in crevices. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

1099. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1677/6E, overdate on pillars side, rare. S-P37b, KM-23. 2.3 grams. Choice bold pillars-andwaves with very bold date and overdate, good but off-center cross, 2 assayers, VF with very faint pitting and toned in crevices.

Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $125-$200.

1100. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1677/6E, overdate on cross side, rare. S-P37b, KM-23. 3.9 grams. Choice details, full pillars but incomplete cross, both dates clear (with 7/6 only below the cross) and with curious up-pointing serif on front tip of each 7, also with full pomegranate ornament at top, full Potosí, one full lion with long tongue and no forepaw (looks like a running lizard), richly toned XF, quite an intriguing piece! Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

196

1101. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1678E. S-P37b, KM-23, CT-714. 4.2 grams. Very bold full cross and pillars with particularly bold date, 2 assayers, VF+ with toning on fields, thick and slightly overweight flan. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $100$150.

1102. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1679C. S-P38, KM-23, CT-716. 3.8 grams. Bold date and assayer above bold waves, otherwise crude and mostly flat, off-center cross, Fine or so. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

1103. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1680V. S-P39, KM-23, CT-718. 3.1 grams. Full 4-digit date in legend due to off-center pillars with second date above waves, nice full cross, 2 assayers, non-toned AVF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $100-$150.

1104. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1681V. S-P39, KM-23, CT-719. 4.1 grams. Full 4-digit date in legend plus 2 others, good full cross, toned AVF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $125-$200.

1105. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1682V. S-P39, KM-23, CT-720. 2.8 grams. Three dates, full pillars and cross with well-detailed lions and castles, VF with dark encrustation in crevices. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $100-$150.

1106. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1683V. S-P39, KM-23, CT-721. 3.3 grams. Round turnip shape with sharp point, one bold pillar and nearly full cross, AVF with spotty black toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $80-$120.

1107. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1684/3V, rare overdate. S-P39. 3.2 grams. Decent cross and pillars despite wear (About Fine), clear date and overdate (only the second one we have seen), 3 assayers, patchy toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $100-$150.

1108. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1684V. S-P39, KM-23, CT-722. 3.3 grams. Great full cross and pillars, 3 dates (full 4-digit date in legend) and mintmarks and assayers, lightly toned AVF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $100-$150.

1109. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1684VR. S-P40, KM-23, CT-723. 3.1 grams. Nice full cross, one full pillar, AVF with contrasting dark sediment on fields. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $90-$135.

1110. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1685VR. S-P40, KM-23, CT-724. 3.5 grams. Full pillars with bold date, second bold date below very off-center cross, (CA)ROLVS II in legend, nicely toned Fine. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $80-$120.

1111. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1686VR. S-P40, KM-23, CT-725. 3.0 grams. Interesting harp shape with good full cross, full but doubled pillars, 2 dates and mintmarks and assayers, AVF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

1112. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1687VR. S-P40, KM-23, CT-726. 3.2 grams. Broad and rather spread-out flan with full but crude cross and pillars, 4-digit date in legend plus 2 others, 3 assayers, Fine, mostly toned. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

197

1113. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1688VR. S-P40, KM-23, CT-727. 3.5 grams. Worn (VG) but with good full pillars and cross, 2 dates and assayers and mintmarks, richly toned all over. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

1114. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1689VR.

Choice full cross, good full pillars, bold date, 2 mintmarks, VF details with nicely contrasting toning but looks like salvage. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

S-P40, KM-23, CT-728. 2.7 grams.

1115. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1690VR. S-P40, KM-23, CT-729. 2.7 grams. Choice full cross, one full and bold pillar, 2 dates and mintmarks, VF with dark and contrasting toning on fields. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $90-$135.

1116. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1691VR. S-P40, KM-23, CT-730. 3.2 grams. Bold date and mintmark above prominent waves, mostly flat and off-center cross with one good castle, About Fine with toned fields. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $50-$75.

1117. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1692VR. S-P40, KM-23, CT-731. 4.1 grams. Nice full cross, full pillars, 2 dates, one nice lion, edges look clipped but still overweight, AVF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

1118. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1693VR. S-P40, KM-23, CT-732. 3.5 grams. Curious shape with sharp point, half of cross and most of pillars-and-waves bold, one bold date and 2 assayers, Fine with weak area. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

1119. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1694VR. S-P40, KM-23, CT-733. 3.2 grams. Bold full pillars with assayer and date and mintmark all prominent, weak and off-center cross, Fine overall. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

1120. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1695VR. S-P40, KM-23, CT-734. 2.6 grams. Crude shape with bold full pillars, mostly flat cross, 2 dates, bold assayer, deeply toned Fine. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

1121. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1696VR. S-P40, KM-23, CT-735. 2.7 grams. Nice full cross below full crown, good full pillars, 2 dates, 3 assayers, VF, sharply pointed flan. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

1122. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1697VR.

Great full cross with well-detailed lions, bold full pillars (choice tops), 2 dates, VF+ with toning on fields. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

S-P40, KM-23. 3.3 grams.

1123. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1697CH, rare assayer. S-P41, KM-23, CT-736. 3.0 grams. Broad flan but somewhat weak, with full castles and pillars, clear date and assayer, Fine with dark sediment in crevices. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $125$200.

1124. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1697F, rare. S-P42, KM-23, CT-737. 4.0 grams. Salvaged but with nice XF details, full pillars and nearly full cross, 3 assayers (actually rarer than the celebrated CH for this date and denomination), darkly toned and encrusted.

Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

198

1125. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1698F. S-P42, KM-23, CT-738. 3.3 grams. Crude flan, one full pillar, full but doubled cross, clear date and assayer and mintmark, AVF with edge-split. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $50-$75.

1126. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1699F. S-P42, KM-23, CT-739. 3.3 grams. One full pillar, full but off-center cross with well-detailed lions, lightly toned AVF with flatness. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $50-$75.

1127. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1710Y, date as “10” only, rare. S-P43a, KM-28, CT-1638. 3.8 grams. Very bold date between pillars (first we have seen with only 2 digits), crude cross, Fine with much flatness. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

1128. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1714Y. S-P43a, KM-28, CT-1642. 2.4 grams. Bold full Y-714-P above waves, good full cross, nicely toned AVF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

1129. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1725Y, Louis I, scarce. S-P43b, KM-33, CT-49. 2.9 grams. Clear date, most of cross, otherwise typically crude with lots of flatness, lightly toned Fine. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $90-$135.

1130. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1726Y, Louis I, scarce. S-P43b, KM-33, CT-50. 2.1 grams. Nice full cross, one full pillar with bold date, 2 assayers, AVF with dark sediment on fields. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $90-$135.

1131. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1739M. S-P47, KM-28a, CT-1672. 3.8 grams. Nice and full but slightly off-center cross, full pillarsand-waves, 2 dates, nicely toned AVF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

1132. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1744q. S-P50, KM-28a, CT-1680. 3.3 grams. Clear pillars-side date, one nice castle in incomplete cross, chunky Fine+, lightly toned. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $50-$75.

1133. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1746q. S-P50, KM-28a, CT-1682. 3.0 grams. Bold but off-center cross, bold full pillars, 2 dates, nice VF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

1134. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, 1657. S-P37a, KM-B12, CT-1170. 1.8 grams. Full 4-digit date in legend, plus 3-digit date below full monogram with crown and pomegranate flanked by dots above, off-center cross, About Fine. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

1135. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, 1661E, scarce. S-P37a, KM-B12. 2.1 grams. Bold 61 of date below full monogram, bold 16 of second date in legend, bold mintmark, part of king’s name and ordinal visible, Fine, scarce date (missing in Sellschopp). Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

1136. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, 1662. S-P37a, KM-B12, CT-1173. 1.7 grams. Off-center strike with bold date below full monogram, king’s name in legend, full Potosí outside cross, Fine with weak spots. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $50-$75.

1137. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, 1663E, scarce.

S-P37a, KM-B12, CT-1173a. 0.8 gram. Thin and corroded and mostly flat specimen with clear 663 date and assayer E, Fine for actual wear. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $25-$40.

199

1138. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, 1665E, scarce. S-P37a, KM-B12, CT-1175. 1.7 grams. Full but off-center monogram and cross, bold assayer, Fine with big flat area beyond details. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $30-$45.

1139. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, 1667, Charles II. S-P37b, KM-22. 1.9 grams. Choice full monogram and date with second date in legend, bold full cross, nicely toned XF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

1140. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, 1672. S-P37b, KM-22, CT-825. 1.5 grams. Clear date below most of monogram, full but offcenter cross, king’s name in legend, Fine. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $35-$50.

1141. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, 1674. S-P37b, KM-22, CT-826. 1.7 grams. Bold date in legend, most of monogram with clear date below, toned Fine+ with some weak areas, nice toning on fields. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $40-$60.

1142. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, 1675. S-P37b, KM-22, CT-827. 1.9 grams. Bold date above king’s name on off-center monogram side, good full cross, toned About Fine. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $40-$60.

1143. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, 1676. S-P37b, KM-22, CT-828. 2.6 grams. Full monogram above 2-digit date, messy cross due to weak strike and corrosion, Fine overall, oddly overweight. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $30-$45.

1144. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, 1678+79, unique mule. S-P38. 1.2 grams. Round flan with full cross above bold 79 date, nearly full monogram above bold 678 date (only specimen we know of), Fine with contrasting toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

1145. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, 1682V. S-P39, KM-22, CT-833. 2.3 grams. Very bold date below most of monogram, choice cross with second date below, VF with dark toning on fields. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

1146. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, 1684. S-P39, KM-22, CT-835. 1.5 grams. Cute turnip-shaped flan with full cross above bold date, bold monogram above bold full date, VF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

1147. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, 1685. S-P40, KM-22, CT-836. 1.6 grams. Bold full 4-digit date in legend (off-center cross), full monogram above second date, AVF with patchy toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $100-$150.

1148. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, 1686. S-P40, KM-22, CT-837. 1.0 gram. Two bold dates, most of cross, crude shape, Fine with much flatness. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

1149. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, 1687. S-P40, KM-22, CT-838. 1.2 grams. Full monogram and date, nearly full cross, faintly toned Fine. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $25-$40.

1150. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, 1688. S-P40, KM-22, CT-839. 1.7 grams. Very bold date below off-center monogram, second date below nice full cross, richly toned VF+. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $80-$120.

1151. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, 1689. S-P40, KM-22, CT-840. 1.1 grams. Bold date below full monogram, second date in legend outside nearly full cross, darkly toned, salvaged, with AXF details. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $50-$75.

200

1152. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, 1691. S-P40, KM-22, CT-842. 2.1 grams. Choice full monogram and cross on a cute turnipshaped planchet with sharp point, AVF with nicely contrasting toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

1153. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, 1692. S-P40, KM-22, CT-843. 1.2 grams. Smallish flan with bold date below full monogram, full but slightly off-center cross, silvery AVF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $80-$120.

1154. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, 1693. S-P40, KM-22, CT-844. 1.4 grams. Crude shape, bold date, good full cross, silvery Fine.

Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $80-$120.

1155. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, 1698. S-P42, KM-22, CT-849. 2.2 grams. Nice full monogram above bold partial date, very nice cross above bold second date, VF+ with toned fields. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

1156. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, 1700, sideways 8 for 00 in date. S-P42, KM-22, CT-851. 2.0 grams. Very bold date with curious rendering of 00 as a sideways 8, full cross, crude edge, nicely toned VF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $90-$135.

1157. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, 1701, posthumous Charles II, scarce. S-P42, CT-852. 1.2 grams. Date in legend, full but weak monogram with partial second date below, Fine or so, scarce date (missing in Karon). Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

1158. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, 1718, scarce. S-P43a, KM-27, CT-1890. 1.6 grams. Full 4-digit date below nearly full monogram, incomplete cross, Fine with contrasting toning on fields, scarce date (missing in Sellschopp). Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection.

Estimate: $40-$60.

1159. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, (1725-7), Louis I, scarce.

S-P43b, KM-32. 1.7 grams.

Full monogram and cross, typically

crude, Fine. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

1160. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, 1769, rare. S-P57, KM-41. 1.7 grams. Small thick flan with very bold date (very rare thus), good cross, VF with toned fields. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $75-$110.

201

OTHER SILVER COBS Dominican Republic

1161. Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, copper 4 maravedís, Charles-Joanna, assayer not visible (F or oF), with backwards S countermark for Jamaica (1/11 real, 1581-82), rare. S-SD1. 3.0 grams. Very bold countermark but little else (corroded and weak), but the countermark is the most interesting part, as it is linked to a sordid episode in which the governor of imported coins from Santo Domingo that cost him 1/25 real each yet he distributed at 1/11 real each! Estimate: $60-$90.

1162. Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, copper 4 maravedís, Charles I (1558-1564), mintmark S-P, assayer F, very rare. S-SD1, KM-50, CT-73. 4.8 grams. Seldom-seen “second” style of Caribbean coppers with nice full castle flanked by S-P in the tressure and full lion above assayer F, much legend, dark-brown Fine+. Estimate: $300-$450.

1163. Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, copper 4 maravedís, Charles I (1558-1564), mintmark S-P, assayer F, very rare. S-SD1, KM-50, CT-73. 3.7 grams. “Second” type of coppers with (KAROLVS) OINTVS in legend, full castle flanked by S and P, full lion with F under his belly, nice AVF with small edge-split. Estimate: $300-$450.

Colombia

1164. Cartagena, Colombia, cob 8 reales, (16)3(0)E, 1166. Bogotá, Colombia, cob 1/2 real, Philip IV, assayer mintmark RN to left, rare. S-C3, CT-254. 27.3 grams. Big and solid flan with super bold and full cross, nearly full and welldetailed shield, full RNE, non-toned XF with parts of edge crude. Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.

not visible, quadrants of cross typically transposed, scarce.

R-M16, KM-8. 1.6 grams. Nearly full cross, most of monogram, worn (VG+) but with contrasting toning in crevices. Estimate: $60-$90.

1167. Bogotá, Colombia, cob 1/2 real, Charles II 1165. Bogotá, Colombia, cob 1/2 real, Philip IV, assayer (“CARLOS” visible, but Philip monogram), assayer not not visible, lions and castles in proper quadrants, rare. RM16, KM-8. 1.2 grams. Partial date (hazy final digit, looks like a 2), most of cross (Good or so) but practically blank (Fair) monogram side. Estimate: $60-$90.

visible, quadrants of cross transposed, scarce. R-M54, KMA8. 1.2 grams. Nice full cross and monogram, bottom of CARLOS in legend, REX where date should be, Fine with contrasting toning. Estimate: $125-$200.

202

1168. Bogotá, Colombia, cob 1/4 real, early 1650s, very rare denomination. R-M14, S-B7. 0.7 gram. With full lion on one side, the castle side off-center and messy, silvery as salvaged but with good toning, Fine or so for actual wear. Colombian quarter reales like this can be dated by comparing the castle and lion punches with the 8R of the same year, as the same punches were used in the shield of the larger coin. In the case of this coin, however, the punches match with several different dates in the early 1650s. Estimate: $350-$500.

1169. Bogotá, Colombia, cob 1/4 real, (1657) by style, very rare denomination, unique date (unlisted in Restrepo and Lasser). R-M14, S-B7. 0.9 gram. Off-center Fine with full lion, nearly full castle, some hairline scratches under nice toning, datable to 1657 by matching with the 8R of the same year.

Estimate: $400-$600.

Panama

1170. Silver “plata corriente” money piece, Charles I (Charles V of the Holy Roman Empire), 38.3 grams, with tax stamp showing, very rare. We have handled several shipwreck specimens of this erstwhile coinage (mostly eradicated after minting began) broken off crude ingots, but never with clear portions of the king’s tax stamp, as you see on this piece, in fact a double stamp on different levels (very lumpy, but a fairly substantial chunk), letters ER of IMPERATOR visible. Used and found in Panama. Estimate: $250-$375.

1171. Silver “plata corriente” money piece, Charles I (Charles V of the Holy Roman Empire), 12.6 grams, with tax stamp showing, very rare. Small, rectangular lump with tan sediment all over but faint tax stamp peeking through all of one side. Used and found in Panama. Estimate: $150-$225.

1172. Silver “plata corriente” money piece, Charles I (Charles V of the Holy Roman Empire), 11.7 grams, with tax stamp showing, very rare. Small, irregular lump with deep, bold stamp on one side that shows MPER of IMPERATOR. Used and found in Panama. Estimate: $150-$225.

203

1173. Burgos, Spain, 1 real, Ferdinand-Isabel, with P countermark on reverse, extremely rare. 3.1 grams. Bold and deeply impressed countermark that was only recently discovered and tentatively attributed to Panama, in fact believed to be the first countermark of the Americas and from the period prior to the first Mexican coins in 1536 (but probably after the crowned-F issues made in Spain specifically for importation to the New World, since the city of Panama was not founded by the Spaniards until 1519). Note this is the first time this extremely rare issue has ever been offered at auction, specimens of which have been found alongside similar coins with countermark C (probably for Castilla de Oro, the name for the region) in only two places: In land finds in Panama, and on a ca.-1556 wreck off Cuba dubbed the “Ines de Soto wreck.” Choice VF with full Gothic legends and inner details, lightly toned in crevices. Estimate: $500-$1,000.

1174. Seville, Spain, copper 4 maravedís, Ferdinand-Isabel, struck for use New World, rare. CT-638. 6.7 grams. Lightly corroded and patinated but with clear crowned Y and F on one side and crowned F on the other side, full Gothic legends, VF for actual wear. Estimate: $125-$200.

1175. Burgos, Spain, copper 2 maravedís, FerdinandIsabel, struck for use New World, rare. CT-533. 3.1 grams. Nice XF with dark brown toning all over, full inner details (crowned Y and F on one side and crowned F between B’s and ringlets on other side) and full Gothic legends. Estimate: $125-$200.

1176. Panama City, Panama, cob 4 reales, Philip II, assayer (o)B to left, AP-4 to right, extremely rare and finest known. S-AP4. 13.7 grams. Recently discovered specimen (adding to the estimated 50 examples across all the denominations) with choice full inner details and much legend, including full crown, the cross and shield especially choice, AXF with beautiful light toning on fields, bold assayer B (note how it was contrived, as no B-punch was available), a match with Proctor #4R.6B but light years better in quality, in fact the finest of all the known Panama cob 4 reales. Estimate: $5,000-$7,500.

204

1177. Panama City, Panama, cob 4 reales, Philip II, assayer (o)B to left below AP, very rare. S-AP4, KM-4. 5.7 grams. The polar opposite to the last lot, this is perhaps the worst-known specimen, as well over half the flan has been eaten away from corrosion, but what is left is actually very clear and high grade (XF, darkly but evenly toned), enough to match this piece with Proctor #4R.1B, potentially a good opportunity to get a Panama cob on the cheap. From a ca.-1590 wreck off the Yucatan peninsula of Mexico. Estimate: $500-$1,000.

1178. Panama City, Panama, cob 1/2 real, Philip II, AP to left, P to right, M below monogram, very rare. S-AP2, KM-1, Very choice high-grade specimen (matching Proctor #HR.3PM, to which our specimen is far superior) with bold AP, clear P and M, nice full crown and monogram, exquisite full cross-lions-castles, lightly toned AU, very likely the finest known (although the half reales typically come nicer than the larger denominations). Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.

CT-720. 1.6 grams.

Guatemala

1179. Guatemala, crown countermark (1663) on a Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip III, assayer T. KM-B1.3, CT-Type 175.

5.3 grams. In response to the debasement scandal in Potosí, it was necessary to countermark the old shield-type 2 reales that were

circulating in Guatemala, and now these countermarks are highly sought by Central American collectors. Bold and nearly full countermark on well-worn and underweight host (VG, possibly clipped and then further circulated). Estimate: $125-$200.

1180. Guatemala, crown countermark (1663) on a Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip IV, assayer T. KM-B1.4, CT-Type 175.

Choice countermark, full and bold, on typically worn host (About Fine), desirable issue among Central American collectors. Estimate: $125-$200.

6.7 grams.

1181. Guatemala, crown countermark (1663) on a Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip IV, assayer not visible. KM-B1.4, CT-Type 175. 6.0 grams. Very choice, full countermark with lovely toning in crevices, the host coin quite worn (Fair) and with crude

hole at edge, desirable issue among Central American collectors. Estimate: $125-$200.

1182. Guatemala City, Guatemala, cob 8 reales, 1740J, with sun-over-mountains countermark of Guatemala (Type II, 1839) on shield side. S-G1, KM-6, CT-599. 27.1 grams. Choice specimen for type with full and well-detailed shield with deep countermark in full crown, bold denomination 8, nearly full pillars-and-worlds, full mintmark G, richly toned AVF, rare without hole. Estimate: $250-$375.

205

1183. Guatemala City, Guatemala, cob 8 reales, 1752J, encapsulated NGC F-12. S-G1a, KM-12, CT-284. Bold date below nice full crown and worlds, weaker shield side, richly toned all over and rare without hole. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $250-$375.

1184. Guatemala City, Guatemala, cob 2 reales, 1739J, bubble hole in metal. S-G1, KM-4, CT-1171. 6.6 grams. Very curious coin with large natural bubble hole (also drilled at top for wearing), choice full shield and most of crown, 100% full date and pillar and mintmark, AVF for the issue. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $100-$150.

1185. Guatemala City, Guatemala, cob 1 real, 1733J, rare first year of issue. S-G1, KM-3, CT-1455. 3.1 grams. Round flan with full shield, flanked by assayer J and denomination I, bold full date below nearly full pillars-and-worlds, crude hole at edge per the norm, richly toned Fine. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

1186. Guatemala City, Guatemala, cob 1 real, (1)737J. S-G1, KM-3, CT-1459. 3.2 grams. Bold crown and worlds between pillars above bold 737 of date and G mintmark, good but off-center shield with denomination I, richly toned Fine, rare without hole.

Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $80-$120.

1187. Guatemala City, Guatemala, cob 1/2 real, 1736J, scarce. S-G1, KM-2, CT-1739. 1.5 grams. Full date below pillars, crown and worlds, off-center shield, toned AVG, rare without hole. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $90-$135.

1188. Guatemala City, Guatemala, cob 1/2 real, 1748J, scarce.

Full date below pillars and crowned worlds, full mintmark G, bold king’s ordinal VI outside assayer J to left of most of crowned shield, lightly toned About Fine, rare without hole. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $90-$135.

S-G1a, KM-8, CT-617. 1.5 grams.

Spain

1189. Seville, Spain, 4 reales, Ferdinand-Isabel, Gothic P assayer to right of yoke, encapsulated PCGS AU-58. CT211. Very choice high grade (effectively Mint State), lustrous and perfectly detailed with most of legends and full shield and yoke-and-arrows. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $500-$750.

1190. Seville, Spain, 4 reales, Ferdinand-Isabel, assayer Gothic P to right of yoke. CT-211. 13.6 grams. Typically nicely detailed full shield and yoke-and-arrows, some legend, including a nearly full FERNAND(VS), choice full crown, AXF. Estimate: $200-$300.

1191. Seville, Spain, 2 reales, Ferdinand-Isabel, S to left on obverse, * on reverse. CT-266. 6.6 grams. Out-of-round shape and slightly uneven strike, with some bold legend, full inner details, AVF overall. Estimate: $80-$120.

206

1192. Seville, Spain, 1 real, Ferdinand-Isabel, S to left and right of yoke and arrows. CT-unlisted. 3.2 grams. Crisply detailed XF with nice full shield and arrows, one bold mintmark S, some bold legend, darkly toned in crevices. Estimate: $90-$135.

1193. Seville, Spain, 1 real, Ferdinand-Isabel, S to left, * to right on reverse. CT-359. 3.3 grams. Round flan with typically nice strike, Fine for wear. Estimate: $60-$90.

1194. Burgos, Spain, 1/2 real, Ferdinand-Isabel, B below yoke. CT-422. 1.3 grams. Bold B below weak yoke, full arrows, much legend (Gothic lettering), Fine with spots of dark toning. Estimate: $60-$90.

1195. Burgos, Spain, 1/2 real, Ferdinand-Isabel, B below yoke, basket before cross-crosslet in obverse legend. CT-425.

1.4 grams. Full Gothic legends around nice full yoke with bold B, weaker arrows (still full), Fine with nice toning. Estimate: $60-

$90.

1196. Seville, Spain, 1/2 real, Ferdinand-Isabel, * and S below yoke. CT-470. 1.7 grams. Bold full yoke with * and S below, bold full arrows, some legend, XF with orange sediment around details. Estimate: $80-$120.

1197. Mixed lot of Spain 1 real and 1/2 real, Ferdinand-Isabel. 3.2 and 1.3 grams. Two coins of the same issue, the 1R intact but dark and oxidized, the half real with most of the same type of oxidation removed (showing generally nice details) but with chips in edge. Estimate: $60-$90.

1198. Spain (mint uncertain, probably Burgos), copper 4 maravedís, Ferdinand-Isabel. 7.1 grams. Large, almost squarish flan with full lion on one side, flat where castle should be on the other side, Gothic legends, dark brown, AVG for wear.

Estimate: $40-$60.

1199. Cuenca, Spain, copper blanca, Ferdinand-Isabel, C to left, oP to right of crowned F. CT-590. 1.3 grams. Cute little specimen of a common type, with choice full inner details (lightly patinated), some legend, very dark brown fields, VF. Estimate: $30-$45.

1200. Lot of 16 Spanish (various mints) copper blancas, Ferdinand-Isabel. 0.6 to 1.7 grams each. Crowned F on obverse, crowned Y on reverse, Gothic legends,

small and thin coins but with pretty details highlighted by toning and light-tan sediment, VF on average, popular as “Columbus’ pocket change”! Estimate: $200-$300.

1201. Pamplona, Spain, 1 real, Ferdinand II. CT-116. 3.1 grams. Distinctive design with full and well-detailed crown above shield, black-encrusted cross on the other side, much legend, XF for actual wear. Estimate: $70-$100.

207

1205. Spain (mint uncertain), cob 2 reales, Philip IV.

6.7

Nice full shield, choice but off-center full cross, AXF. With Kenneth Aiken certificate as being from the Concepción (1641) but not a shipwreck coin at all. Estimate: $50-$75. grams.

1202. Seville, Spain, cob 8 reales, 163(?)R. 26.7 grams. Choice full shield with beautifully crisp details, •R-S to left, choice bold cross-lions-castles, 163 of date at 6 o’clock, lustrous XF. Estimate: $75-$110.

1206. Spain (mint uncertain), cob 1/2 real, Philip IV.

1.3

Chunky little piece with full monogram and choice full cross-lions-castles, good for studying against Colombian cobs (which it resembles), VF with dusty fields. Estimate: $50-$75. grams.

1203. Seville, Spain, cob 8 reales, (16)47R, very rare. CTunlisted (Type 127). 27.1 grams. Very

thick, squarish flan with bold full shield and cross, •S-R• to left, clear 47 of date at 1 o’clock (missing in Calicó), non-toned AVF. With Kenneth Aiken certificate as being from the Concepción (1641) but not a shipwreck coin at all.

Estimate: $100-$200.

1204. Spain (mint uncertain), cob 2 reales, 1627, assayer not visible, rare. 6.4 grams. Crude strike on an odd-shaped flan, much flatness but the date above the cross is full, Fine with deeply toned fields. Estimate: $75-$110.

1207. Spain (mint uncertain), copper 8 maravedís, 1636, two countermarks on a Ferdinand-Isabel 4 maravedís, in shadow-box display. Very large coin for its type with bold legends and most of the inner details covered by VIII (8 maravedís) and 1636 countermarks, dark-brown AVF with edgesplit, other side of coin pasted to matte inside the display, which measures about 9" x 9" x 1". In wood-framed glass shadow box with certificate inside. Estimate: $35-$50.

Any questions? Please email us at info@sedwickcoins.com or call (407) 975-3325

Please place absentee bids at www.iCollector.com/sedwick (use the bid sheet at the end of this catalog for fax or mail bids)

Want to see your collection here? Consign to our Treasure Auction #7 (spring, 2010), deadline January 31

208

Argentina (Republic)

WORLD SILVER COINS

1208. La Rioja, Argentina, 2 soles, 1826-P, encapsulated NGC AU-55, medal alignment. KM-18. Starting to tone around details, weak strike on PROVIN and same place on other side. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150$225.

1210. Argentina, peso, 1882. KM-29. 25.1 grams. Highly lustrous (lightly cleaned) AU. Estimate: $350-$450.

1209. Cordoba, Argentina, 2 reales, 1844, encapsulated 1211. Argentina, 20 centavos, 1882, encapsulated NGC MSNGC AU-58. KM-23. Beautifully rainbow-toned, slightly offcenter strike. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $275$400.

61. KM-27. Very lustrous, with hint of yellow toning at about 4 o’clock on the obverse. Estimate: $75-$110.

Argentina (New France/Patagonia) 1212. Patagonia and Araucania (New France), copper pattern 2 centavos, King Orllie-Antoine, 1874. KM-X1. 10.0 grams. Lustrous UNC with original fields ranging from medium copper to dull gray-brown, interesting issue that hails from the brief but fascinating reign of Orllie-Antoine I, who with French support had himself crowned king by the Indian chiefs below the 42nd parallel, a fantasy kingdom recognized only by France (where this coin was struck, in Paris) and soon overrun by the government of Argentina. Estimate: $350-$450.

Bolivia (colonial) Pillars

1214. Potosí, Bolivia, pillar 4 reales, Charles III, 1768JR. 1213. Potosí, Bolivia, pillar 8 reales, Charles III, 1770JR. Deeply and richly toned XF, rather nice. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $325-$475.

KM-50, CT-972. 26.6 grams.

KM-49, CT-1168. 13.0 grams. AVF with some weakness, slightly off-

center strike, minimal toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection.

Estimate: $200-$300.

209

1215. Potosí, Bolivia, pillar 4 reales, Charles III, 1769JR, fancy 9, hooked 6. KM-49, CT-1170. 13.0 grams. Beautifully toned AVF with faint scuffing on pillars and waves. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

1216. Potosí, Bolivia, pillar 2 reales, Charles III, 1769JR, round 9. KM-48, CT-1379. 6.6 grams. VF+ with minor rim-bump, faint toning. Estimate: $100-$150.

1217. Potosí, Bolivia, pillar 1 real, Charles III, 1769JR, fancy 9. KM-47, CT-1593. 3.1 grams. Nicely toned Fine, weak above shield. Estimate: $70-$100.

1218. Potosí, Bolivia, pillar 1/2 real, Charles III, 1767JR. KM-46, CT-1794. 1.6 grams. AVF with subtle, attractive toning, full rim on pillars side only. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $50-$75.

Busts

1219. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1774JR. KM-55, CT-974. 26.8 grams. Evenly toned VF+, slightly irregular edge (as made). Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $80$120.

1220. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1776PR, encapsulated NGC MS-62, accompanied by an original Spanish colonial document from Bolivia dated 1776. CT883, KM-55, CT-977. Rare grade of a very desirable date, in fact the best specimen we have ever offered of this highly popular date, very lustrous and perfectly detailed, slightly off-center strike, an eye-catching coin to be sure, packaged with an original document of 29 pages, with seals, dated at the end July 8, 1776.

This lengthy legal document (begun in October 9, 1771) concerns a trial over properties and sale of land and products, with the later part 5 years later showing the official succession of these things to the owner’s widow and others, with “un quartillo” and 4 official seals (like modern “doc stamps”) at the top and top left of 2 sheets dated 1758-9, 1762-4 (with city name “POTOSY”) and 1771-2 and bearing the names and arms of Ferdinand VI and Charles III, plus a blank sheet at the end with “un real” above only a 1780-1 seal with arms of Charles III arms, but significantly hand-dated July 8, 1776 (four days after the U.S. Declaration of Independence!), just above the signatures at the end, the script very legible and tighter than in earlier years, the pages themselves in great condition, with some of the original binding string still attached. Estimate: $1,500$2,250.

210

1221. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1777PR. 1225. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1787PR. Deeply toned AVF with weak part below center on reverse, natural flaw in edge. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

KM-55, CT-978. 26.8 grams.

Slightly crude Fine with very light toning, off-center obverse. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection.

Estimate: $60-$90.

KM-55, CT-995. 26.6 grams.

1222. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1779PR. KM-55, CT-980. 26.8 grams. Lustrous AXF, incipient colorful toning.

Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $80-$120.

1226. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 reales, Charles IV transitional (bust of Charles III, ordinal IV), 1790PR. KM-64, CT-711.

26.7 grams. Fine+ with crude rims (as made), deeply toned legends. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

1223. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1780/9PR. KM-55, CT-981. 27.0 grams. Lustrous XF+, starting to tone around

details. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $90-$135.

1227. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 reales, Charles IV, 1806PJ. KM-73, CT-730. 27.0 grams. VF with weak center on obverse, very rich toning all over, especially nice contrast on reverse.

Estimate: $40-$60.

1224. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1781PR. KM-55, CT-984. 27.0 grams. Bold VF with light, even toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $80-$120.

211

R.I.P. Mark Bir 1961-2009

1232. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 4 reales, Charles III, 1777PR. 1228. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 4 reales, Charles III, 1773JR, wide date. KM-54, CT-1173. 13.5 grams. Richly toned VF with full rims, rather nice. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $110-$175.

KM-54, CT-1179. 13.1 grams. VF, very slightly off-center, with nice toning that darkens significantly around the letters (good contrast). Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $125-$200.

1233. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 1 real, Charles III, 1776PR, desirable date. KM-52, CT-1601. 3.3 grams. Lustrous XF with slightly weak bust, starting to tone. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

1229. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 4 reales, Charles III, 1774JR. KM-54, CT-1175. 13.5 grams. Attractively rainbow-toned VF+ with

full rims. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150$225.

1234. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 1/2 real, Charles IV, 1808PI (not

1230. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 4 reales, Charles III, 1775JR. Richly but slightly unevenly toned XF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

KM-54, CT-1176. 13.3 grams.

1231. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 4 reales, Charles III, 1776JR, desirable date. KM-54, CT-1177. 12.8 grams. Pleasing Fine with attractively even toning around rims, nice strike with honest wear. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

J), encapsulated NGC MS-63. KM-unlisted, CT-unlisted. Lustrous and problem-free, no toning, rare grade and desirable pedigree, also an unlisted assayer (the second letter clearly an I and not a J). Pedigreed to the Whittier collection (printed inside the slab). Estimate: $250-$375.

1235. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 1/2 real, Ferdinand VII, 1821PJ, encapsulated NGC MS-64. KM-90, CT-1374. Highly lustrous and choice, rare grade and desirable pedigree. Pedigreed to the Whittier collection (printed inside the slab). Estimate: $225-$350.

1236. Potosí, Bolivia, 1/4 real, Charles IV, 1797. KM-82, CT1412. 0.9 gram. Toned VF, no problems. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $50-$75.

212

Bolivia (Republic)

1237. Potosí, Bolivia, 8 soles, 1861FJ.

KM-138.6. 20.0 grams.

Bold, lustrous XF, no toning. Estimate: $70-$100.

1238. Potosí, Bolivia, 8 soles, 1863FP, encapsulated NGC AU-58. KM-138.6. Lustrous and starting to tone nicely.

Estimate: $125-$200.

1239. Potosí, Bolivia, 50 centavos, 1899MM, encapsulated NGC MS-63. KM-161.5. Lustrous and slightly frosty, with very subtle incipient toning. Estimate: $60-$90.

Brazil

1240. Rio, Brazil, 960 reis, 1819-R, struck over a Lima, 1241. Brazil, 2000 reis, 1863, encapsulated NGC MS-62.

Peru, bust 8 reales, 1815(JP). KM-326.1. 26.1 grams. Fascinating and desirable specimen with the under-coin’s full date 1815 visible above and slightly left of the new crown, plus IND REX and Lima mintmark at about 1-2 o’clock on the other side, lustrous AU with subtle toning. Estimate: $400-$600.

KM-466. Nice specimen with muted luster and light, even toning.

Estimate: $150-$225.

British Virgin Islands 1242. British Virgin Islands, $20, 1985, with picture of a Lima 8R cob on reverse. KM-66. 19.0 grams. Modern proof coin of 0.925 fine silver, desirable to cob collectors because the reverse shows the cross side of a Lima cob 8 reales (Queen Elizabeth II on obverse). Estimate: $25-$40.

213

Chile (colonial)

1243. Santiago, Chile, bust 4 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1813FJ.

1247. Santiago, Chile, 1/4 real, Charles IV, 1803. KM-63, CT-

KM-67, CT-807. 12.8 grams. Fine with deeply contrasting toning all

1458. 0.7 gram. Fine with subtle, even toning. Pedigreed to the Mark

over, good rims but off-center reverse. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $100-$150.

Bir collection. Estimate: $35-$50.

1244. Santiago, Chile, bust 2 reales, Charles III, 1788DA.

1248. Santiago, Chile, 1/4 real, Ferdinand VII, 1817. KM-

KM-30, CT-1431. 6.5 grams. Evenly toned VF with weak bust, off-

73, CT-1502. 0.8 gram. Bold XF with attractive contrast, incomplete

center reverse, attractive. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection.

Estimate: $50-$75.

rims (as made). Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $70$100.

1245. Santiago, Chile, bust 1 real, Ferdinand VII transitional (bust of Charles IV, FERDIN/CAROLVS), 1809/8FJ, rare. KM-65, CT-unlisted. 3.0 grams. Curious transitional issue (rare), with faint and slightly uneven toning, About Fine for wear. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150$225.

1249. Santiago, Chile, 1/4 real, Ferdinand VII, 1818/8/6.

KM-73, CT-1503. 1.1 grams. Lustrous and subtly rainbow-toned XF

with incomplete rims (as made). Estimate: $80-$120.

1250. Lot of 3 Santiago, Chile, 1/4 reales, Charles IV: 1790, 1246. Santiago, Chile, bust 1/4 real, Charles IV (bust of 1791, and 1807. 2.2 grams total. Crude VG, nice Fine and About Charles III, ordinal IIII), 1791. KM-46, CT-1448. 0.9 gram.

Lustrous AXF, starting to tone around rims, natural planchet irregularity where date is. Estimate: $100-$150.

Fine, all more or less toned. Estimate: $60-$90.

214

Chile (Republic) 1251. Valparaiso, Chile, mountains over VALP countermark (1833) on an Argentina (Potosí) 4 reales, 1815F, extremely rare. KM-A112. 13.1 grams. For the serious Latin American collector, this fascinating countermarked issue is so rare that only 2 are known, and this is considered the finer, with clear but doubled (rotated) countermark with volcano and another mountain over the letters VALP for Valparaiso on a lightly toned and slightly lustrous VF host. This coin was originally struck at the Potosí mint after it was taken over (for a second time, the first time in 1813) by the independent government of the Provinces of Rio de la Plata (later Argentina) in 1815. In 1824 the design of this coin was used again at the La Rioja mint in Argentina, but the La Rioja coins were found to be of lower fineness, and Chile banned them in 1832. The 1813 and 1815 Potosí issues were still legal, however, and needed to be countermarked to show their status. Six treasury offices in Chile (Chiloe, Concepción, La Serena, Santiago, Valdivia and Valparaiso) were given authority and punches to countermark the coins, and all of these marks are rare today, but particularly the Valparaiso mark. Only 2 specimens are known in this size, the present coin and an 1815 4 soles (not 4 reales), which makes our coin effectively unique as a type. Estimate: $6,500-$8,500.

1252. Santiago, Chile, “volcano” peso, 1817FJ. KM-82.2. 27.0 1255. Santiago, Chile, 8 reales, 1848JM. KM-96.2. 26.9 grams. grams. Lustrous XF with light, even toning, no problems.

Estimate: $400-$600.

Lustrous XF+ with very minor rim bumps, uneven but colorful toning. Estimate: $400-$600.

1253. Santiago, Chile, “volcano” peso, 1820FD.

1256. Santiago, Chile, peso, 1878.

KM-82.2.

Beautifully rainbow-toned AU, lustrous, with faint hairlines on fields from cleaning. Estimate: $500-$750.

27.0 grams.

KM-142.1. 25.0 grams.

Problem-free XF with subtle luster and rainbow toning.

Estimate: $50-$75.

1254. Santiago, Chile, “volcano” 1 real, 1834IJ. KM-91. 3.5 grams. Evenly graytoned AXF with hairlines on fields from old cleaning. Estimate: $100-$150.

215

KM-142.1. 25.0 grams.

1258. Santiago, Chile, décimo, 1870/60, encapsulated

Lustrous UNC with ribbon of subtle pink toning across centers.

Estimate: $80-$120.

NGC MS-63. KM-136.2. Lustrous, with faint incipient toning around rims. Estimate: $90-$135.

1257. Santiago, Chile, peso, 1884.

1259. Santiago, Chile, décimo, 1894/3, encapsulated NGC MS-65. KM-136.3. Prooflike and highly lustrous, rare grade.

Estimate: $90-$135.

1260. Santiago, Chile, pattern 1 peso in nickel, 1933, rare.

KM-PnA59. 10.0 grams. Mint State and highly lustrous, unpriced in

KM. Estimate: $200-$300.

Chile (revolutionary) 1261. Copiapó, Chile, peso, (1859), inverted star.

KM-2.3.

22.3 grams. A very spartan, uniface issue by revolutionary Pedro León Gallo with (inverted) star in shield in center and “I.P” (for one peso) in oval near rim, gray-toned VF or so, popular and underpriced in KM. Estimate: $125-$200.

Colombia (colonial)

1262. Bogotá, Colombia, 2 reales, Charles III, 1772VJ (mintmark N•R, assayer V•J).

KM-47, R-42.2, CT-1410. 6.4 grams.

Nicely toned AVG, desirable first year of issue. Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection. Estimate: $125-$200.

1263. Popayán, Colombia, bust 2 reales, Ferdinand VII (bust of Charles IV), 1811JF. KM-70.2, R-114.3, CT-unlisted (cf. 975). 6.7 grams. Attractively toned VF on a slightly oval-shaped flan (with crude rims to match). Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $75-$110.

1264. Bogotá, Colombia, bust 2 reales, Ferdinand VII (bust of Charles IV), 1816FJ. KM-70.1, R-113.3, CT-1009. 6.5 grams.

Evenly toned About Fine with crude rims (as made). Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $40-$60.

216

1265. Bogotá, Colombia, 2 reales, Ferdinand VII (bust of Charles IV), 1819FJ (wide date). KM-70.1, R-113.9a, CT-1012. 6.4 grams. Fine+

with lovely toning, no problems. Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection. Estimate: $35-$50.

1266. Popayán, Colombia, bust 1 real, Charles III, 1772JS, rare. KM-46.2, R-40.4, CT-1575. 3.2 grams. Yellow-toned About Fine with 2 old, crude holes at top (one big, one small), rare one-year type and first date of issue. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection.

Estimate: $30-$45.

1267. Bogotá, Colombia, bust 1 real, Charles IV, 1796JJ. KM-58, R-78.16, CT-1188. 2.7 grams. Nicely toned Fine, part of edge crude, possible 6/5 overdate (unlisted). Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $50-$75.

1268. Bogotá, Colombia, bust 1 real, Charles IV, 1798JJ. KM-58, R-78.24, CT-1190. 3.1 grams. AVG with scratches, dark brown and black toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $40-$60.

1269. Bogotá, Colombia, bust 1 real, Charles IV, 1802JJ. KM-58, R-78.38, CT-1193. 2.9 grams. Nicely toned but off-center Fine, scarce date. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $50-$75.

1270. Popayán, Colombia, bust 1 real, Ferdinand VII, 1810JF. KM-68.2, R-112.1, CT-1190. 3.3 grams. Typically broad Fine with full rims, minimal toning, no problems. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $50-$75.

1271. Bogotá, Colombia, bust 1 real, Ferdinand VII, 1816FJ. KM-68.1, R-111.9, CT-1211. 2.8 grams. Nicely toned VG with weak pillars and bust, scarce date. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $30-$45.

1272. Bogotá, Colombia, bust 1 real, Ferdinand VII, 1819FJ, inverted J. KM-68.1, R-111.18, CT-1215. 3.1 grams. About Fine with deep toning in a range of dark colors, off-center strike. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $35-$50.

1273. Popayán, Colombia, bust 1/2 real, Charles III, 1774JS, rare. KM-45.2, R-34.2, CT-1783. 1.5 grams. Bold VG with hole at top, no toning, one-year type. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

1274. Popayán, Colombia, bust 1/2 real, Ferdinand VII, 1810JF. KM-69.2, R-107.1, CT-1367. 1.6 grams. Nicely toned About Fine with hole at top and punchmark at bottom. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $20-$30.

1275. Bogotá, Colombia, 1/4 real, Charles III or IV, no date or mintmark or assayer (1770-95), pillar 8R castle, bust 8R lion. KM-unlisted, R-2.1a, CT-unlisted. 1.0 gram. Lustrous UNC, off-center strike but good rims. Estimate: $125-$200.

1276. Bogotá, Colombia, 1/4 real, Charles III or IV, no date or mintmark or assayer (1770-95), bust 8R castle and lion.

KM-unlisted, R-2.2, CT-unlisted. 0.8 gram. Nicely

toned and perfectly centered AU with full rims. Estimate: $125-$200.

217

1277. Bogotá, Colombia, 1/4 real, Charles IV, 1799/8. KM-63, R-75.7, CT-1432. 1.0 gram. Highly lustrous XF+ on a broad flan.

Estimate: $100-$150.

1278. Bogotá, Colombia, bust 1/4 real, Ferdinand VII, 1812.

KM-67.1, R-100.7, CT-1483. 0.8 gram.

AVF with subtle toning,

somewhat oval flan with crude rims to match. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $50-$75.

1279. Popayán, Colombia, bust 1/4 real, Ferdinand VII, 1816. KM-67.1, R-100.15, CT-1487. 1.0 gram. AU with beautiful deep toning, off-center strike. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

Colombia (provisional/royalist)

1280. Santa Marta, Colombia, Ferdinand VII, copper 1/4 real, 1813. KM-C2, R-103.1, CT-1666. 2.3 grams. Bold VF+, dark and even brown color. Estimate: $100-$150.

1281. Santa Marta, Colombia, Ferdinand VII, copper 1/4 real, 1820, encapsulated NGC AU-55BN. KM-B4, R-104.1, CT1668. Uneven

strike but good details, dark brown in color. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

1282. Santa Marta, Colombia, Ferdinand VII, copper 1/4 real, 1820. KM-B4, R-104.1, CT-1668. 1.8 grams. Nice AXF, a bit offcenter, chocolate brown with contrasting dark toning. Estimate: $100-$150.

Colombia (provisional/pre-Republic)

1283. Bogotá, Colombia, 1 real, 1813JF, “Libertad Americana” issue. KM-F1, R-133.1. 2.0 grams. Popular first republican issue, VG with typically weak head but bold legends, subtly toned. Estimate: $150-$225.

1284. Bogotá, Colombia, 1/2 real, 1814JF, “Libertad Americana” issue, rare. KM-D3, R-132.1. 1.0 gram. Popular first republican issue (and rare one-year type in this denomination), VG with weak top of reverse, also holed at top. Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

1285. Cartagena, Colombia, copper 2 reales, 1814, rare. KM-D1, R-136.3a. 3.6 grams. First republican issue, typically crude VF (for the type) with some original copper-orange color in crevices (otherwise an even brown), rare but barely visible date. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $80-$120.

1286. Cartagena, Colombia, copper 1/2 real, 1812. KM-D2, R-131.2. 3.4 grams. First republican issue, typically crude AVF with odd pink sediment on even brown surfaces. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $50-$75.

218

Colombia (Republic/Cundinamarca)

1287. Bogotá, Colombia, 8 reales, 1820JF.

KM-C6, R-157.1.

23.6 grams. Very attractive strike and even toning all over, VF for

issue, minor rim-nick. Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection.

Estimate: $100-$150.

1290. Bogotá, Colombia, 1/2 real, 1821BAJF. KM-F8, R-149.1.

Bold VF for issue with contrasting toning around letters but crudely holed behind head. Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection. Estimate: $125-$200.

1.3 grams.

1291. Bogotá, Colombia, 1/4 real, 1821BA. KM-79.2, R-145.3.

1288. Bogotá, Colombia, 8 reales, 1820JF.

KM-C6, R-157.1.

0.7 gram. Somewhat blue-toned XF, very nice for the issue, which is scarce, with BA to left and 1/4 to right. Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

24.2 grams. Fine for issue with nice dark toning in legends, small rim-flaw, slightly weak centers. Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection. Estimate: $50-$75.

1292. Bogotá, Colombia, 1/4 real, 1821. KM-79.1, R-145.2. 0.8 VF, nice strike on a large flan, scarce issue, the denomination split (flanking cap). Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection. Estimate: $80-$120. gram.

1289. Bogotá, Colombia, 8 reales, 1821JF, no Ba, scarce.

Non-toned About Fine for issue, typically weak around the centers, full rims. Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

KM-C6, R-157.3. 22.6 grams.

Please place absentee bids at www.iCollector.com/sedwick (use the bid sheet at the end of this catalog for fax or mail bids)

Any questions? Please email us at info@sedwickcoins.com or call (407) 975-3325 219

Colombia (Republic of Colombia)

1294. Bogotá, Colombia, 1 real, 1827R(R). KM-87.1, R-153.2.

Nicely toned AVF with natural planchet flaw and weakness in centers. Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection.

Estimate: $40-$60.

2.5 grams.

1293. Bogotá, Colombia, 8 reales, 1835, with Philippines

1295. Popayán, Colombia, 1 real, 1828MP, unlisted assayer.

countermark Y•II (Isabel II, 1834-37). Host: KM-89, R-158.5; c/m: KM-109. 26.9 grams. Nice XF (both host and countermark) with very subtle toning, full rims. Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection. Estimate: $125-$200.

KM-unlisted (cf. 87.2), R-unlisted (cf. 154). 2.7 grams. Richly toned VF with a few old scratches, very bold assayer that should be MF (P is unlisted and presumably very rare). Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection. Estimate: $50-$100.

1296. Popayán, Colombia, 1 real, 1828RU. KM-87.2, R-154.4. 2.8 grams. Off-center AXF with lovely, mostly yellowish toning.

Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection. Estimate: $50-$75.

1297. Popayán, Colombia, 1 real, 1829RU, with countermark R in retrograde (Ecuador?). KM-87.2, R-154.10. 2.7 grams. Offcenter AVF, starting to tone, with very bold countermark that we have seen attributed to Ecuador. Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection. Estimate: $40-$60.

1298. Popayán, Colombia, 1 real, 1831RU. KM-87.2, R-154.14. 3.0 grams. Subtly toned AVF with minor planchet irregularities.

Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection. Estimate: $40-$60.

1299. Popayán, Colombia, 1/4 real, 1826RU. KM-85.3, R-147.1. 0.7 gram. Richly toned VF, very nice, scarce issue. Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection. Estimate: $150-$275.

Colombia (Republic of New Granada)

1300. Bogotá, Colombia, 10 reales, 1848.

KM-107, R-196.3.

Nicely toned VF with very weak center on reverse, as is typical. Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

24.2 grams.

1301. Bogotá, Colombia, 8 reales, 1839RS.

KM-98, R-194.1.

23.2 grams. Lustrous XF+, unusually nice for this issue. Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection. Estimate: $125-$200.

220

1302. Bogotá, Colombia, 8 reales, 1843RS.

KM-98, R-194.9.

22.7 grams. Lightly toned VF+ with minor planchet laminations.

1306. Bogotá, Colombia, 1 peso, 1855/1. KM-118, R-198.1. 24.7

Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection. Estimate: $40-$60.

grams. Choice VF with elegant contrasting toning. Pedigreed to the

Herman Blanton collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

1303. Bogotá, Colombia, 8 reales, 1846RS. KM-98, R-194.15. 1307. Bogotá, Colombia, 1 peso, 1855. KM-118, R-198.2. 24.9 23.4 grams. Nice VF+ with faint yellow toning, part of

rims weak.

Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection. Estimate: $40-$60.

grams. AVF with subtle toning, several small rim-flaws. Pedigreed

to the Herman Blanton collection. Estimate: $50-$75.

1304. Bogotá, Colombia, 8 reales, 1847, small diameter.

1308. Bogotá, Colombia, 1 peso, 1856/5. KM-118, R-198.3. 24.8

KM-106, R-195.1. 19.7 grams. Faintly

Deeply toned VF, attractive, clear overdate. Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection. Estimate: $80-$120.

blue-toned VF with no rims, actually an “in-between” size of planchet (34 mm). Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection. Estimate: $125-$200.

grams.

1305. Bogotá, Colombia, pattern 8 reales, 1847. KM-Pn4, R- 1309. Bogotá, Colombia, 1 peso, 1857. KM-118, R-198.6. 25.2 p.188. 16.1 grams. VF with several small rim-bumps and nicks, even light-brown color. Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection.

Estimate: $200-$300.

grams. Richly toned AXF with part

of rim crude. Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection. Estimate: $50-$75.

221

1315. Bogotá, Colombia, 1/4 real, 1845, unlisted variety with no top crossbar on T. KM-unlisted (cf. 90.1), R-unlisted (cf.

172.17). 0.6 gram. Lightly toned UNC, quite attractive, scarce issue.

Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

1310. Bogotá, Colombia, 1 peso, 1858. KM-118, R-198.9. 24.6 Attractively toned AVF. Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

grams.

1316. Bogotá, Colombia, 1/4 real, 1846. KM-90.1, R-172.19. 0.6

1311. Bogotá, Colombia, 2 reales, 1849. KM-105, R-190.5. 5.0

gram. Rainbow-toned XF, slightly off-center strike, very pretty, scarce issue. Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

Lustrous AU, no toning, with some elements in shield weak (practically UNC otherwise). Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection. Estimate: $40-$60. grams.

1312. Popayán, Colombia, 1/2 real, 1846/5UE. KM-96.2, RNicely toned AVF with weak centers, slightly off-center strike, scarce issue. Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection. Estimate: $80-$120.

178.22. 1.3 grams.

1317. Bogotá, Colombia, 1/4 real, 1847, 6-point star, large letters. KM-90.1, R-172.21a. 0.6 gram. AVF with subtle toning, scarce issue. Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection. Estimate: $50$75.

1313. Bogotá, Colombia, 1/4 real, 1837, dot after Bogotá.

KM-90.1, R-172.1a. 0.8 gram. Nice

VF, scarce issue. Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

1318. Popayán, Colombia, 1/4 real, 1849. KM-108.2, R-175.1.

1.0 gram. Nice AXF, no problems, scarce issue. Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

1314. Bogotá, Colombia, 1/4 real, 1838. KM-90.1, R-172.3. 0.7 gram. Choice XF+ with rainbow toning, very nice, scarce issue.

1319. Popayán, Colombia, 1/4 real, 1850. KM-108.2, R-175.3.

Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection. Estimate: $125-$200.

0.8 gram. XF, nice, no problems, scarce issue. Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection. Estimate: $100-$150.

222

Colombia (Granadine Confederation)

1320. Bogotá, Colombia, 1 peso, 1859. KM-226, R-226.2. 24.5 grams. Slightly

crude VF (as made) with subtle toning. Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection. Estimate: $50-$75.

1321. Bogotá, Colombia, 1 peso, 1859. KM-126, R-226.2. 24.6 grams. Nice

VF with partially weak rims. Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection. Estimate: $50-$75.

1322. Bogotá, Colombia, 1 peso, 1860. KM-126, R-226.4. 24.8 Non-toned AVF with weak center of arms. Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection. Estimate: $50-$75. grams.

1323. Popayán, Colombia, 2 reales, 1862, 6/sideways 6 in date. KM-134, R-225.3. 4.8 grams. Lustrous AXF, starting to tone nicely, 1-year type, curious overdate that Restrepo calls 6/5.

Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

Colombia (United States of New Granada) 1324. Bogotá, Colombia, 1 décimo, 1861. KM-unlisted, R-242.1.

2.4 grams. Nicely

toned AXF, rare 1-year type (unlisted in KM).

Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

Colombia (United States of Colombia)

1325. Bogotá, Colombia, 1 peso, 1862. KM-139.1, R-315.1. 24.7 1326. Bogotá, Colombia, 1 peso, 1863. KM-139.1, R-315.2. 24.9 Lightly toned AVF with minor rim-flaw. Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection. Estimate: $50-$75. grams.

Richly toned AXF, nice. Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection. Estimate: $50-$75. grams.

223

1327. Bogotá, Colombia, 1 peso, 1864. KM-139.1, R-315.3. 24.7 1331. Medellín, Colombia, 1 peso, 1870.

VF+ with attractive light toning, slightly crude rim (as made). Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection. Estimate: $50$75.

grams.

KM-154.2, R-318.3.

Bold VF+ with nice toning all over, scarcer variety with no overdate. Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection.

Estimate: $200-$300.

24.7 grams.

1328. Bogotá, Colombia, 1 peso, 1866. KM-139.1, R-315.5. 24.7 1332. Bogotá, Colombia, 1 peso, 1871. KM-154.1, R-317.2. 25.0 Competent VF with subtle yellow toning. Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

grams.

Nice VF-XF, somewhat lustrous, faint golden toning.

Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection. Estimate: $50-$75.

grams.

1329. Bogotá, Colombia, 1 peso, 1867. KM-139.1, R-315.6. 24.7

24.8 grams. VF with very faint golden toning around rims, elegant

grams. Attractively toned XF with subtle mint luster. Pedigreed to

the Herman Blanton collection. Estimate: $50-$75.

cursive L scratched into field in front of neck. Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection. Estimate: $100-$150.

1330. Medellín, Colombia, 1 peso, 1869, re-punched date,

12.3 grams. Nicely toned Fine, first year of

1333. Medellín, Colombia, 1 peso, 1871.

KM-154.2, R-318.5.

1334. Bogotá, Colombia, 5 décimos, 1868. KM-153.1, R-293.1. dollar-punches. KM-154.2, R-318.1. 24.9 grams. Lustrous and silvery XF with weak condor and parts of rims, a very eyecatching and desirable specimen. Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection. Estimate: $250-$375.

issue for this popular denomination. Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection. Estimate: $50-$75.

224

1335. Popayán, Colombia, 5 décimos, 1870, rare. KM-153.6, R-295.2. 12.0 grams. Non-toned VG, desirable mint. Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection. Estimate: $350-$500.

1336. Medellín, Colombia, 5 décimos, 1872. KM-153.3, R-296.1. 12.4 grams. Nicely toned VF+. Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection. Estimate: $50-$75.

1337. Medellín, Colombia, 5 décimos, 1873, dot in D of ESTADOS. KM-153.3, R-296.2p. 12.5 grams. VF with lovely rainbow toning, slightly weak centers. Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

1338. Medellín, Colombia, 5 décimos, 1875, B in O of ESTADOS. KM-153.5, R-297.5. 12.3 grams. Bold VF, nice strike accentuated by contrasting toning. Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection. Estimate: $40-$60.

1339. Bogotá, Colombia, 50 centavos, 1875, with Costa Rica counterstamp (Type VII, 1889). Host: KM-172.2, R-308.2; c/s: KM-134. 12.2 grams. Host Fine, counterstamp XF, faint toning around rims only. Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection. Estimate:

$60-$90.

1340. Medellín, Colombia, 5 décimos, 1884, with Costa Rica counterstamp (Type VII, 1889). Host: KM-153.2, R-298.12; c/s: KM-135.1. 12.3 grams. Host VF with crude rims from edge lettering, old scratch across neck, counterstamp AU, starting to tone.

Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection. Estimate: $125-$200.

1341. Medellín, Colombia, 2 décimos, 1870. KM-155.2, R-282.1. 4.8 grams. AVF with slightly weak centers, dark and contrasting toning around rims. Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection. Estimate: $100-$150.

1342. Medellín, Colombia, 2 décimos, 1871. KM-155.2, R-282.2. 4.7 grams. Fine+ with nice toning, key date with high catalog value. Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection. Estimate: $100-$150.

1343. Bogotá, Colombia, 2 décimos, 1872. KM-155.1, R-281.1. 5.0 grams. Fine+ with weak centers, toned around rims. Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

1344. Medellín, Colombia, 20 centavos, 1874. KM-176.1, R-286.1. 4.9 grams. Attractively toned VF with minor planchet lamination at top of reverse, 1-year type. Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

225

1345. Popayán, Colombia, 2 reales, 1880, fineness 0.835/0.900, Plate Coin in KM. KM-162, R-277.1. 4.7 grams. Decent VF with subtle toning, no problems. Plate Coin in Krause’s Standard Catalog of World Coins and pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection.

Estimate: $250-$375.

1346. Popayán, Colombia, 2 reales, 1880, fineness 0.835/0.900. KM-162, R-277.1. 4.6 grams. Nice VF with some minor rimflaws, toned around letters. Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection. Estimate: $250-$375.

1347. Medellín, Colombia, 1/4 décimo, 1874, N/N in Medellín, 4/4 in denomination. KM-143.3, R-247.1. 0.6 gram. Lightly toned XF with partially crude rims, scarce 1-year issue with unlisted over-punches. Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection.

Estimate: $50-$75.

1348. Colombia (struck in Birmingham), copper-nickel pattern 21/2 centavos, 1881. KM-Pn64, R-p.227. 2.8 grams. Choice BU, highly lustrous and prooflike, with attractive toning around rims. Pedigreed

to the Herman Blanton collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

Colombia (second Republic of Colombia)

1349. Bogotá, Colombia, 50 centavos, 1887, “Cocobola,” 2/2 in 12,500. KM-185, R-405.1a. 12.2 grams. Lightly toned VF+, no problems, popular 2-year type. Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection. Estimate: $50-$75.

1350. Bogotá, Colombia, 50 centavos, 1888. KM-186.1, R-406.1. 12.6 grams. Nicely toned AVF with heavy scratches on condor’s right wing. Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection. Estimate: $50-$75.

1351. Medellín, Colombia, 5 décimos, 1888, rare. KM-165, R-400.2. 12.6 grams. Fine with uneven toning, tough type to find.

Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection. Estimate: $150-$275.

1352. Medellín, Colombia, 5 décimos, 1888, 0/0 in fineness. KM-166, R-403.1. 12.6 grams. Nice VF, popular type with “mulata” head. Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection. Estimate: $100-$150.

1353. Medellín, Colombia, 5 décimos, 1888. KM-166, R-403.1. 11.8 grams. Non-toned Fine, no problems, popular “mulata” head.

Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

1354. Bogotá, Colombia, 50 centavos, 1889, ball-tip 9. KM-186.1a, R-407.1a. 12.7 grams. Lustrous XF+ with elegant toning, quite pretty. Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

226

1355. Colombia (struck in London), 50 centavos, 1892, 1356. Colombia (struck in Belgium), pattern 10 centavos, “Columbus,” large diameter (30.5 mm). KM-187.1, R-408.2.

12.5 grams. Lustrous Mint State, very rare grade for this variety.

Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection. Estimate: $150-$275.

1900. R-p.277. 4.5 grams. Lustrous and prooflike Mint State.

Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection. Estimate: $100-$150.

Colombia (Civil War necessity coinage/Santander) 1357. Bucamaranga, Colombia (Santander), copper uniface 20 centavos, 1902. KM-A2, RBold VF with small chip in rim, chocolate brown color, scarce denomination.

Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection. Estimate: $125-$200.

387.1. 1.2 grams.

1358. Bucamaranga, Colombia (Santander), copper uniface 10 centavos, 1902. KM-A1, R375.1. 0.5 gram. Choice VF, brassy color, scarce denomination. Pedigreed to the Herman Blanton collection.

Estimate: $100-$150.

Cuba

1359. Cuba, “souvenir” peso, 1897.

KM-XM2. 22.6 grams.

Lustrous AU, no toning, very flashy, popular issue. Estimate: $200-$300.

1361. Cuba, “star” peso, 1934. KM-15.2. 26.7 grams. Lustrous and flashy AU, no toning. Estimate: $50-$75.

1360. Cuba, “souvenir” peso, 1897. KM-XM2. 22.3 grams. AXF 1362. Cuba, “ABC” peso, 1936, encapsulated NGC MS-

with attractive toning all over, popular issue. Estimate: $150$225.

62. KM-22. Very brilliant, no toning. Estimate: $250-$375.

227

1367. Mixed lot of 4 Cuba

1363. Cuba, “ABC” peso, 1937, rare. KM-22. 26.6 grams. Lightly cleaned VF, starting to tone, key date in series. Estimate: $300$450.

“star” minors: 20 centavos (3) dated 1920, 1932 and 1948; and 10 centavos dated 1920. 17.4 grams total. Grades from VF (1932) to UNC (1948), all but one with subtle toning, no problems. Estimate: $60-$90.

1364. Cuba, “ABC” peso, 1939, encapsulated NGC MS62. KM-22. Frosty and highly lustrous, no toning. Estimate: $200-$300.

1368. Cuba, copper-nickel 5 centavos, 1916. KM-11.1. 5.0 grams.

AU+ with colorful streaks of toning. Estimate: $40-$60.

1369. Cuba, copper-nickel 5 centavos, 1920, encapsulated NGC MS-62. KM-11.1. Colorful streaks of toning. Estimate: $175-$250.

1365. Cuba, “star” 20 centavos, 1915, encapsulated NGC AU-55 HIGH RELIEF. KM-13.1. Mint State (slab grade too conservative) with subtle toning and luster. Estimate: $100$150.

1370. Cuba, brass 5 centavos, 1943.

KM-11.3a. 4.6 grams.

Lustrous and prooflike Mint State with attractive toning, oneyear issue in washed brass. Estimate: $50-$70.

1366. Cuba, “star” 10 centavos, 1915.

KM-A12. 2.4 grams.

Lustrous Mint State with subtle golden toning. Estimate: $40$60.

1371. Cuba, copper-nickel 2 centavos, 1915, encapsulated NGC MS-62. KM-A10. Lustrous, with streaks of colorful toning.

Estimate: $80-$120.

1372. Cuba, copper-nickel 2 centavos, 1916, encapsulated NGC MS-63. KM-A10. Muted luster and toning, slightly prooflike, choice grade. Estimate: $100-$150.

1373. Cuba, copper-nickel 1 centavo, 1915, encapsulated NGC MS-62. KM-9.1. Rich golden-orange toning with muted luster. Estimate: $30-$45.

228

1374. Cuba, copper-nickel 1 centavo, 1916, encapsulated NGC MS-62. KM-9.1. Subtle rainbow toning and luster. Estimate: $60-$90.

1375. Lot of 2 Cuba copper-nickel 1 centavos, 1915 and 1938. KM-9.1. 5.1 grams each. Lustrous prooflike Mint State (1915) and AU (1938), each with very subtle toning. Estimate: $50-$75.

1376. Cuba, brass 1 centavo, 1953 (Martí centennial), encapsulated NGC MS-63. KM-26. Highly lustrous, golden-orange color. Estimate: $50-$75.

Curaçao

1377. Curaçao (British occupation), 3 reaals, 1/5 cut of a Spanish colonial bust 8 reales with 5-petal roseace countermark (1815). KM-13. 5.3 grams. VG host with VF countermark, the host-coin date partially visible, appears to be 1791, nice toning.

Estimate: $200-$300.

1378. Curaçao (British occupation), 3 reaals, 1/5 cut of a Spanish colonial bust 8 reales with 5-petal roseace countermark (1815). KM-13. 4.6 grams. Fine host with bold VF countermark,-US of CAROLUS visible on host coin, choice toning all over.

Estimate: $200-$300.

1379. Curaçao (British occupation), 3 reaals, 1/5 cut of a Spanish colonial bust 8 reales with 5-petal roseace countermark (1815). KM-13. 4.1 grams. Fine host with choice XF countermark, CAROL(US) visible on host coin, lightly toned, with old hole near point (actually quite scarce with a hole). Estimate: $200-$300.

Dominican Republic

1380. Dominican Republic, half peso, 1937, encapsulated NGC MS-64. KM-21. Very deeply rainbow-toned (lots of color), choice grade. Estimate: $175-$250.

1381. Dominican Republic, 25 centavos, 1937, encapsulated NGC MS-63. KM-20. Very deeply rainbow-toned (lots of color), choice grade. Estimate: $75-$110.

1382. Dominican Republic, 10 centavos, 1937, encapsulated NGC MS-67. KM-19. Colorfully toned and lustrous, exceptional grade. Estimate: $75-$110.

229

Dutch East India Co. 1383. Lot of 9 Dutch East India Co. copper duits, various mints and dates (1735-90), all in decent condition. 26.6 grams total. A great little “starter collection� of VOC duits, a highly collectible series with plenty of dates and mints, this group mostly dark brown but one (1735) light copper color, a few with minor corrosion and odd toning. Estimate: $60-$90.

Ecuador

1384. Ecuador (struck in Mexico City, Mexico), 5 sucres, 1944. KM-79. 25.0 grams. Non-toned AU, very well defined and frosty, just a few minor rubs. Estimate: $25-$35.

Great Britain

1385. London, England, half crown, Anne, with VIGO 1387. London, England, half crown, George II, with LIMA below bust, 1703. Sp-3580, KM-518.2. 15.0 grams. Lustrous AXF with slightly weak bust, no flaws (scarce for this type), popular issue made from silver captured from the Spanish in Vigo Bay in 1702. Estimate: $200-$300.

below bust, 1746. Sp-3695, KM-584.3. 15.0 grams. Richly toned VF, no problems, popular issue made from silver captured from the Spanish off the coast of Peru in the early 1740s. Estimate: $150-$225.

1386. London, England, shilling, Anne, with VIGO below

1388. London, England, shilling, George II, with LIMA

bust, 1703. Sp-3586, KM-517.1. 6.0 grams. Lustrous AVF with subtle toning, weak bust, no flaws (scarce for this type), popular issue made from silver captured from the Spanish in Vigo Bay in 1702. Estimate: $100-$150.

below bust, 1745. Sp-3703, KM-583.2. 6.0 grams. Richly toned VF+, no problems, popular issue made from silver captured from the Spanish off the coast of Peru in the early 1740s. Estimate: $80-$120.

230

Guatemala (colonial) Pillars

1389. Guatemala City, Guatemala, pillar 8 reales, Ferdinand VI, 1758J. KM-18, CT-293. 26.3 grams. Beautifully deeply toned VF for issue but with crude old hole at top.

Estimate: $250-$375.

1390. Guatemala City, Guatemala, pillar 4 reales, Charles III, 1762P. KM-26, CT-1045. 12.9 grams. Fine with weak strike just above and to right of center on shield side, and at top right on pillars side, toned around letters. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection.

Estimate: $200-$300.

1391. Guatemala City, Guatemala, pillar 4 reales, Charles

1392. Guatemala City, Guatemala, pillar 4 reales, Charles III, 1769P. KM-26, CT-1052. 13.2 grams. Lustrous VF+, off-center strike, choice toning. Estimate: $300-$450.

1393. Guatemala City, Guatemala, pillar 4 reales, Charles III, 1771P. KM-26, CT-1054. 13.2 grams. Off-center but attractive VF+ with choice toning, old scratch to right of crown.

Estimate: $300-$450.

1394. Guatemala City, Guatemala, pillar 1 real, Ferdinand VI, 1758J. KM-16, CT-537. 3.1 grams. Nicely toned AVF for issue with crude old hole at top. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection.

Estimate: $50-$75.

III, 1768P. KM-26, CT-1051. 13.0 grams. Very richly toned Fine+, no problems. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $200$300.

Busts

1395. Guatemala City, Guatemala, bust 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1818M. KM-69, CT-467. 26.9 grams. Non-toned XF with partial mint luster, tiny nick in rim. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection.

Estimate: $50-$75.

231

1396. Guatemala City, Guatemala, bust 4 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1819M. KM-68, CT-732. 13.3 grams. AVF with super toning all over, slightly off-center reverse. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

1397. Guatemala City, Guatemala, bust 1 real, Charles III, 1772P. KM-33.1, CT-1464. 3.2 grams. Near AVF with weak centers, good toning, broad rims. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $50-$75.

1398. Guatemala City, Guatemala, bust 1 real, Charles III, 1776P, desirable date. KM-33.1, CT-1466. 2.6 grams. Nicely toned Fine with minor planchet flaw above and weak area below pillars. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

1399. Guatemala City, Guatemala, bust 1 real, Ferdinand VII, 1821M. KM-66, CT-1124. 3.4 grams. Bold and lustrous XF with toning around letters, off-center strike. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $40-$60.

1400. Guatemala City, Guatemala, bust 1/2 real, Ferdinand VII, 1810M.

KM-60, CT-1281. 1.6 grams.

Richly toned VF, no

problems. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $40-$60.

1401. Guatemala City, Guatemala, 1/4 real, Charles IV, 1796. KM-59, CT-1360. 0.8 gram. Bold VF+ with lovely toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

1402. Guatemala City, Guatemala, 1/4 real, Charles IV, 1798. KM-59, CT-1362. 0.8 gram. Very deeply toned AXF, quite attractive for grade. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

1403. Guatemala City, Guatemala, 1/4 real, Charles IV, 1801. KM-59, CT-1365. 0.8 gram. Choice XF with lovely toning, crude natural flaw on edge. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $50-$75.

1404. Guatemala City, Guatemala, 1/4 real, Ferdinand VII, 1810. KM-72, CT-1432. 0.8 gram. Crude VF with some old marks, no toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $35-$50.

232

Guatemala (Central American Republic)

1405. Guatemala, Central American Republic, 8 reales,

1406. Guatemala, Central American Republic, 8 reales,

1825M. KM-4. 26.9 grams. Better date, lustrous AU. Estimate: $400-$600.

1836BA, encapsulated NGC AU-55. KM-4. Lustrous and with choice toning all over. Estimate: $500-$750.

1407. Guatemala, Central America Republic, 1/4 real, 1826-G. KM-1. 0.9 gram. Choice BU, highly lustrous, with incipient toning. Estimate: $90-$125.

1408. Guatemala, Central American Republic, 1/4 real, 1837-G, encapsulated NGC MS-65. KM-1. Lustrous and prooflike, choice grade. Estimate: $200-$300.

1409. Guatemala, Central America Republic, 1/4 real, 1837-G. KM-1. 0.8 gram. Choice BU, highly lustrous. Estimate: $90$125.

1410. Guatemala, Central America Republic, 1/4 real, 184/30-G. KM-1. 0.8 gram. Lustrous Mint State, somewhat prooflike, with attractive subtle toning. Estimate: $90-$125.

1411. Guatemala, Central American Republic, 1/4 real, 184/30-G. KM-1. 0.8 gram. Lustrous UNC with subtle toning all over.

Estimate: $90-$135.

1412. Guatemala, Central American Republic, 1/4 real, 1843-G. KM-1. 0.8 gram. Lustrous and prooflike UNC but with grainy appearance as struck from rusty dies. Estimate: $50-$75.

1413. Guatemala, Central America Republic, 1/4 real, 1844-G. KM-1. 0.8 gram. Gem BU, very flashy. Estimate: $90-$120.

1414. Guatemala, Central America Republic, 1/4 real, 1845-G, rare. KM-1. 0.7 gram. Key date in series, problem-free AVF. Estimate: $200$300.

233

Guatemala (Republic)

1415. Guatemala City, Guatemala, peso, 1894, encapsulated NGC MS-62. KM-210. Highly lustrous, no toning. Estimate: $125-$200.

1416. Guatemala City, Guatemala, uniface 2 reales (1894-1899) with obverse brockage error, unique. KM-167. 6.2 grams. A curious error showing an incuse, mirror image of the obverse on the reverse instead of the usual reverse design (caused by the previous coin sticking to the reverse die), the proper obverse also showing weakness in the legends as a result, lightly toned XF with a few old scratches, very interesting. Estimate: $100-$500.

1417. Guatemala City, Guatemala, 1/4 real, 1860.

KM-130. 0.7 gram.

Beautifully rainbow-toned Mint State, very lustrous,

popular “lion” type. Estimate: $70-$100.

1418. Guatemala City, Guatemala, 1/4 real, 1861. KM-130. 0.7 gram. Lustrous Mint State, popular “lion” type. Estimate: $70$100.

1419. Guatemala City, Guatemala, 1/4 real, 1862. KM-130. 0.7 gram. Lustrous Mint State with beautiful red toning, popular “lion” type. Estimate: $90-$125.

1420. Guatemala City, Guatemala, 1/4 real, 1863. KM-130. 0.8 gram. Choice AU, lovely toning all over, popular “lion” type.

Estimate: $60-$90.

1421. Guatemala City, Guatemala, 1/4 real, 1866. KM-130. 0.7 gram. BU, starting to tone, popular “lion” type. Estimate: $90-$125.

1422. Guatemala City, Guatemala, 1/4 real, 1869. KM-130. 0.8 gram. Choice BU, highly lustrous, no toning, popular “lion” type. Estimate: $90$125.

234

1423. Lot of 2 Guatemala City, Guatemala, 1/4 reales, 1867 and 1874P. 1.5 grams total. Deeply toned XF+ (1867, popular “lion� type) and AXF (1874). Estimate: $40-$60.

1424. Guatemala City, Guatemala, 1/4 real, 1876P. KM-146. 0.7 gram. Gem BU, highly lustrous, with lovely toning around rims.

Estimate: $80-$120.

1425. Guatemala City, Guatemala, 1/4 real, 1878, small G. KM-146a.3. 0.7 gram. BU, no problems, no toning. Estimate: $50$75.

1426. Guatemala City, Guatemala, 1/4 real, 1889/89, G below mountains. KM-157. 0.8 gram. Lustrous AU+ with nice toning.

Estimate: $30-$45.

1427. Guatemala City, Guatemala, 1/4 real, 1889, stars below wreath.

KM-158. 0.7 gram.

Lustrous Mint State with subtle

toning. Estimate: $30-$45.

1428. Lot of 4 Guatemala City, Guatemala, 1/4 reales, 1878, 1881, 1882 and 1888, some with doubled dates. 2.9 grams.

Grades from VF to AU, with various stages of toning. Estimate: $35-$50.

1429. Guatemala City, Guatemala, 1/4 real, 1894-H. KM-162. 0.8 gram. Lustrous UNC with subtle golden toning. Estimate: $25-$35.

1430. Guatemala City, Guatemala, 1/4 real, 1895. KM-162. 0.8 gram. Lustrous UNC with subtle golden toning. Estimate: $25$35.

1431. Guatemala City, Guatemala, 1/4 real, 1896. KM-162. 0.7 gram. Lustrous UNC, starting to tone. Estimate: $25-$35.

1432. Guatemala City, Guatemala, 1/4 real, 1897, small 7. KM-162. 0.7 gram. Beautifully rainbow-toned Mint State. Estimate: $50-$75.

1433. Guatemala City, Guatemala, 1/4 real, 1898. KM-162. 0.8 gram. Non-toned BU, very flashy.

Estimate: $50-$75.

235

Guyana (British Guiana) 1434. Essequibo and Demerary (colonial coinage), copper half stiver token, George III, 1813. KM-9. 9.5 grams. Mint State with some original copper surfaces but mostly brown.

Estimate: $100-$150.

Haiti 1435. Haiti, 25 centimes(?) countermark (1814-16?) on a Brazilian 960 reis, 1812-B. KM-unlisted (host KM-307.1). 26.8 grams.

Unlisted countermark (design of 25 centimes obverse), possibly very rare, the host coin VF+ with attractive toning. Estimate: $400-$600.

Honduras (provisional)

1436. Tegucigalpa, Honduras, “imitation cob” 2 reales, (1823)P-Y.

Square planchet with cut corners, toned VF with weak bottom of cross and pillars, scarce and desirable type. Estimate: $275-$375.

KM-15.1. 5.4 grams.

1437. Tegucigalpa, Honduras, “imitation cob” 1 real, 1823(P)-Y, rare.

KM-8.1. 3.2 grams. Choice AXF with contrasting toning, bold date, off-center cross, variety with 3 crosses above pillars, desirable type. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

1438. Tegucigalpa, Honduras, “imitation cob” 1/2 real, (1823), rare. KM-7.1. 1.4 grams. Bold AU with subtle toning, very well centered and choice, excellent full cross and monogram, desirable type. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $200$300.

Honduras (Republic) 1439. Honduras, peso, 18/890. KM-52. 24.7 grams. Very lustrous AU with subtle and attractive toning. Estimate: $150-$225.

236

1440. Lot of 2 Honduras copper-nickel 1/4 reales, 1869A and 1870A. KM-31. 6.3 grams total. Lustrous XF (1869) and toned AXF (1870), the latter with desirable pedigree. The 1870 is pedigreed to the John Jay Pittman collection, with David Akers auction lot tag.

Estimate: $50-$75.

1441. Honduras, aluminum essai 1/4 real, 1872-A, plain edge. KM-E1. 1.0 gram. Lustrous Mint State with scratches above the E of MONNAIE. Estimate: $60-$90.

India 1442. Lot of three East India Co. coppers: Dutch East India Co. duit 1746; Dutch East India Co. duit 1794; and British East India Co. 2 pice 1816. 2.6, 2.9 and 21.2 grams. VFXF, generally dark brown, a nice representative lot showing the difference between the coinages of the two different East India Companies. Estimate: $50-$75.

Italy 1443. Naples, Italy (under Spain), carlino, Philip II, rare.

Nice VF+ with steely toning and some dark spots, well-detailed crowned bust of Philip II on obverse. Estimate: $50-$75.

2.2 grams.

Martinique 1444. Martinique, 2 bits, heart-shaped center-cut hole (1761) in a Madrid, Spain, milled 2 reales “pistareen,” 1721, host coin holed, encapsulated NCS “G details” (misattributed to Dominica in slab). KM-3. Bold date and king’s name despite ample wear, nicely toned, holed at top, valuable and popular with Caribbean collectors. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

Mexico (colonial) Pillars 1445. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 1740MF. KM-103, CT-790. 27.0 grams. Choice and lustrous AU with lovely toning all over, scarce as non-salvage, quite beautiful.

Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

237

1449. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Ferdinand VI, 1446. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 1744MF. KM-103, CT-797. 26.9 grams. Choice XF+ with beautiful rainbow toning, crude rims (as made), scarce as non-salvage.

Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

1758MM, with chopmarks. KM-104.2, CT-343. 27.0 grams. Highly lustrous AU+ littered with deep, bold chopmarks as from circulation in the Orient, rare grade for such an item. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $350-$500.

1447. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Ferdinand VI, 1450. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Ferdinand VI, 1747MF. KM-104.1, CT-321. 26.5 grams. Non-toned XF+, slightly off-center pillars side, no problems. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $250-$375.

1760MM. KM-104.2, CT-346. 27.0 grams. Lustrous AU with toning around rims, very lovely. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection.

Estimate: $350-$500.

1448. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Ferdinand VI, 1756/5MM. KM-104.2, CT-339. 26.8 grams. Nice VF with attractive reddish toning, scarce overdate. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection.

Estimate: $200-$300.

1451. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Charles III, 1760MM. KM-105, CT-884. 26.9 grams. Beautifully toned XF+, no problems, just about as nice as you can get without the expense of ultra-high grades. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

1452. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Charles III, 1761MM. KM-105, CT-888. 27.1 grams. Richly rainbow-toned XF+, very lovely. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $250$375.

238

1453. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Charles III, 1454. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Charles III, 1765MF. KM-105, CT-901. 26.9 grams. Non-toned XF with much luster. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

1766MF. KM-105, CT-904. 26.9 grams. VF+ with subtle but contrasting toning around details. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

1455. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 4 reales, Ferdinand VI,

1456. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 4 reales, Charles III,

1758MM. KM-95, CT-430. 13.2 grams. Richly toned AVF, no problems, very attractive. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection.

Estimate: $200-$300.

1762MM. KM-96, CT-1121. 13.4 grams. AXF with muted luster and toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

1457. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 4 reales, Charles III, 1771MF. KM-96, CT-1131. 13.4 grams. Lightly struck XF with deep, rich, colorful toning all over. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $225-$350.

1458. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 2 reales, Philip V, 1734/3MF. KM-84, CT-1277. 6.4 grams. Nice Fine with contrasting toning, scarce overdate. Estimate: $100-$150.

1459. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 2 reales, Philip V, 1734MF. KM-84, CT-1278. 6.4 grams. Beautifully toned Fine+, nice strike.

Pedigreed to Ponterio auction #102, lot #917, and pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $75-$110.

1460. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 2 reales, Philip V, 1739MF. KM-84, CT-1287. 6.6 grams. Overly lustrous AXF, starting to tone. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $75-$110.

1461. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 2 reales, Philip V, 1742M, encapsulated NGC MS-62. KM-85, CT-1292. Richly toned all over with muted luster, rare grade. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $400-$600.

239

1462. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 2 reales, Philip V, 1744/3M. KM-85, CT-1295. 6.5 grams. Bold AXF with light toning all over, nice, scarce overdate. Estimate: $125-$200.

1463. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 2 reales, Ferdinand VI, 1748M, unlisted variant with FRD/PHS, rare. KM-unlisted (cf.

86.1), CT-unlisted (cf. 488). 6.6 grams. Deeply, darkly toned XF with bold over-punch, one of

the few variants not listed in Gilboy (but

note the error is listed as R4, 4-10 known, for the date 1749). Estimate: $100-$150.

1464. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 2 reales, Ferdinand VI, 1749M. KM-86.1, CT-489. 6.6 grams. VF+ with beautiful even toning all over. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

1465. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 2 reales, Ferdinand VI, 175/41M. KM-86.1, CT-unlisted (cf. 491). 6.8 grams. Lustrous XF+ with spots of toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $100-$150.

1466. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 2 reales, Ferdinand VI, 1752M. KM-86.1, CT-492. 6.6 grams. Lightly cleaned XF, no toning, slightly off-center pillars side. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $100-$150.

1467. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 2 reales, Ferdinand VI, 1759M. KM-86.2, CT-500. 6.7 grams. AXF with nice, subtle toning all over, minor rim-flaw past A of VTRA. Estimate: $80-$120.

1468. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 2 reales, Charles III, 1766M. KM-87, CT-1331. 6.8 grams. Choice VF+ with golden toning on fields contrasting with lighter details. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

1469. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 1 real, Philip V, 1733MF, mintmark MX, rare. KM-75.1, CT-1591. 3.2 grams. Choice VF+ with boldly contrasting toning around details, popular second date of issue and unique, one-year mintmark. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $350-$500.

1470. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 1 real, Philip V, 1734/2(?)MF, unlisted overdate. KM-unlisted (cf. 75.1), CT-unlisted (cf. 1596).

Lightly toned VF, odd overdate that looks like 4/3 on the upper part and 3/2 on the lower part (possibly both), but clearly not an original 1732 die. Estimate: $100-$150.

3.2 grams.

1471. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 1 real, Philip V, 1734/3MF. KM-75.1, CT-unlisted (cf. 1596). 3.2 grams. Richly

rainbow-toned VF+, scarce overdate. Estimate: $100-$150.

1472. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 1 real, Philip V, 1734MF. KM-75.1, CT-1596. 3.3 grams. Nice VF with weak spots in centers, richly toned and attractive. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $50-$75.

240

1473. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 1 real, Philip V, 174/30MF, unlisted overdate. KM-unlisted (cf. 75.1), CT-unlisted (cf. 1602). 3.3 grams. Choice XF+ with much luster and generous toning, the overdate so rare as to be missing in Gilboy and all other references.

Estimate: $200-$300.

1474. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 1 real, Philip V, 1743/2M, rare overdate. KM-75.2, CT-unlisted (cf. 1605). 3.1 grams. AXF, toned all over, trace of overdate (R3 in Gilboy). Estimate: $90-$135.

1475. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 1 real, Philip V, 1746M. KM-75.2, CT-1608. 3.4 grams. Frosty, lustrous Mint State with a few stray marks. Estimate: $125-$200.

1476. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 1 real, Ferdinand VI, 1747M, re-punched 4. KM-76.1, CT-572. 3.3 grams. AXF with choice rainbow toning, unlisted variety. Estimate: $80-$120.

1477. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 1 real, Ferdinand VI, 1748/7M. KM-76.1, CT-unlisted (cf. 573). 3.4 grams. Very bold overdate (scarce), deeply toned XF, attractive. Estimate: $100-$150.

1478. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 1 real, Ferdinand VI, 1748M. KM-76.1, CT-573. 3.4 grams. Lustrous AU-, no toning, choice grade. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $80-$120.

1479. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 1 real, Ferdinand VI, 1750/49M, rare overdate. KM-unlisted (cf. 76.1), CT-unlisted (cf. 575). 3.3 grams. Nicely

toned AXF with clear overdate (R3 in Gilboy). Estimate: $100-$150.

1480. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 1 real, Ferdinand VI, 1758/7M, dissimilar crowns, unlisted. KM-unlisted (cf. 76.1), CTunlisted (cf. 583). 3.3 grams. Nice

VF with light, even toning, clear overdate (decidedly not 8/5) that is oddly missing in Gilboy and others. Estimate: $100-$150.

1481. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 1 real, Charles III, 1762M, rare variant with cinquefoil ornaments. KM-77, CT-1542. 3.4 grams. Full-rimmed

XF+ with very dark fields that contrast sharply with the details. Estimate: $125-$200.

1482. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 1 real, Charles III, 176/54M/?, unlisted. KM-unlisted (cf. 77), CT-unlisted (cf. 1544). 3.4 grams.

Nicely toned XF with clear overdate (unlisted in Gilboy and others) and inexplicable over-assayer, probably quite rare if not unique. Estimate: $80-$120.

1483. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 1 real, Charles III, 1765/3M, unlisted. KM-unlisted (cf. 77), CT-unlisted (cf. 1545). 3.2 grams. AVF with variable toning, unique overdate that does not appear in Gilboy or any other references. Estimate: $80-$120.

1484. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 1 real, Charles III, 1766M. KM-77, CT-1546. 3.2 grams. Very deeply toned XF+ with some patina. Estimate: $80-$120.

241

1485. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 1/2 real, Philip V, 1734MF, cinquefoil below assayers’ initials, rare. KM-65, CT-1856. 1.4 grams.

Listed as R4 in Gilboy, this specimen Fine with weak centers, nicely toned. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $70$100.

1486. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 1/2 real, Philip V, 1736MF. Lustrous and frosty AU- with incipient toning around rims. Estimate: $80-$120.

KM-65, CT-1859. 1.6 grams.

1487. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 1/2 real, Philip V, 1736MF. KM-65, CT-1859. 1.6 grams. Bold AXF, a bit lustrous. Estimate: $60-

$90.

1488. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 1/2 real, Philip V, 1737MF. KM-65, CT-1861. 1.7 grams.

Lustrous XF, off-center shield side.

Estimate: $60-$90.

1489. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 1/2 real, Philip V, 1738/ 7MF. KM-65, CT-unlisted (cf. 1862). 1.6 grams. Nicely toned VF, scarce overdate. Estimate: $100-$150.

1490. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 1/2 real, Philip V, 1739MF. KM-65, CT-1863. 1.5 grams.

Off-center XF with uneven toning.

Estimate: $60-$90.

1491. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 1/2 real, Philip V, 1741MF, re-punched 4. KM-65, CT-1866. 1.7 grams. Lustrous AU with subtle, even toning all over, very pretty. Estimate: $100-$150.

1492. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 1/2 real, Philip V, 1742M. KM-66, CT-1867. 1.6 grams. Non-toned XF, part of

edge slightly bent.

Estimate: $60-$90.

1493. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 1/2 real, Philip V, 1747M. KM-66, CT-1872. 1.6 grams. Lustrous AXF with subtle yellow toning.

Estimate: $60-$90.

1494. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 1/2 real, Ferdinand VI, 1749M. KM-67.1, CT-662. 1.7 grams. Beautifully toned AXF, slightly off-center strike. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $50$75.

1495. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 1/2 real, Ferdinand VI, 1751M. KM-67.1, CT-664. 1.6 grams. AXF with rich toning all over, very nice. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $50-$75.

1496. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 1/2 real, Ferdinand VI, 1752M, re-punched 5. KM-67.1, CT-665. 1.7 grams. Lustrous, prooflike UNC, starting to tone, unlisted variety. Estimate: $100$150.

242

1497. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 1/2 real, Ferdinand VI, 1752M. KM-67.1, CT-665. 1.5 grams. Deeply toned XF+, no problems.

Estimate: $60-$90.

1498. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 1/2 real, Ferdinand VI, 1754M. KM-67.1, CT-667. 1.7 grams. Lustrous AU+ (virtually Mint State), no toning. Estimate: $100-$150.

1499. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 1/2 real, Ferdinand VI, 1754M. KM-67.1, CT-667. 1.6 grams. Nice XF with subtle toning.

Estimate: $60-$90.

1500. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 1/2 real, Ferdinand VI, 1757M, dissimilar crowns. KM-67.1, CT-671. 1.6 grams. XF with muted luster and toning. Estimate: $60-$90.

1501. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 1/2 real, Ferdinand VI, 1758M, dissimilar crowns. KM-67.2, CT-673. 1.7 grams. XF with light toning all over, good rims. Estimate: $60-$90.

1502. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 1/2 real, Ferdinand VI, 1759M. KM-67.2, CT-674. 1.5 grams. Attractive AXF with contrasting toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $50-$75.

1503. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 1/2 real, Ferdinand VI, 1760M, scarce. KM-67.2, CT-675. 1.6 grams. Beautifully toned AXF, no problems, scarcer king for the date. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $50-$75.

Busts

1504. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1505. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1773FM, initials facing rim. KM-106.1, CT-917. 26.9 grams. Nice VF with beautiful light toning, well centered on a broad planchet. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $90-$135.

1776FM, desirable date. KM-106.2, CT-921. 26.7 grams. Non-toned VF with faint incipient toning around letters. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $100-$150.

243

1506. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles IV transitional (bust of Charles III, ordinal IV), 1789FM. KM107, CT-681. 26.8 grams. Nicely gray-toned XF with small parts of rim weak. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $80-$120.

1509. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1820JJ. KM-111, CT-564. 25.0 grams. Bold VG with scratches, very deeply toned. Estimate: $30-$45.

1510. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 2 reales, Charles III,

1507. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles IV transitional (bust of Charles III, ordinal IV), 1790FM. KM107, CT-682. 26.7 grams. Lustrous AU with a few stray marks, subtle toning, off-center obverse. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection.

Estimate: $80-$120.

1776FM, desirable date. KM-88.2, CT-1343. 6.7 grams. Bold VF with choice details accentuated by contrasting toning around letters, rainbow toning at top. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection.

Estimate: $60-$90.

1511. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 2 reales, Charles III, 1782FF. KM-88.2, CT-1349. 6.9 grams. Highly lustrous (mirror) Mint State with weak centers, broad flan (slightly off-center), beginning to tone. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $90-$135.

1508. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles IV, 1793FM, encapsulated NGC MS-62. KM-109, CT-686. Highly lustrous and frosty (mirror, almost prooflike), a few minor weak spots around rim but otherwise one of the choicest specimens we have seen (looks better than MS-62), with very faint yellow tones here and there and black spots in center. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $350-$500.

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1512. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 1 real, Charles III, 1781FF. KM-78.2, CT-1563. 3.3 grams. Very

deeply rainbow-toned AU, nice strike, quite pretty and colorful. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection.

Estimate: $100-$150.

1513. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 1/2 real, Charles III, 1773FM. KM-69.2, CT-1765. 1.7 grams. Evenly toned AU+ with faint mint luster, choice specimen. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $100-$150.

244

1514. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 1/2 real, Charles III, 1782FF, encapsulated NGC MS-62. KM-69.2, CT-1774.

Lustrous and rainbow-toned, rare grade. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $225-$350.

1515. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 1/2 real, Charles IV transitional (bust of Charles III, ordinal IIII), 1790FM, encapsulated PCGS MS-62. KM-71, CT-1285. Lustrous and choice, with super rainbow toning (lots of blue color), rare grade. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $225-$350.

1516. Mexico City, Mexico, 1/4 real, Charles IV, 1797. KM62, CT-1395. 0.9 gram. Nicely

toned AXF (net grade, the castle a little less worn than the lion). Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection.

Estimate: $50-$75.

1517. Mexico City, Mexico, 1/4 real, Charles IV, 1799/8.

KM-62, CT-1398. 0.9 gram. Lustrous Mint State or close to it, very

light toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $100$150.

1518. Mexico City, Mexico, 1/4 real, Charles IV, 1807. KM62, CT-1409. 0.9 gram. XF+, nicely toned, with hint of luster, slightly off-center obverse. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection.

Estimate: $60-$90.

1519. Mexico City, Mexico, 1/4 real, Ferdinand VII, 1811.

Richly toned XF+, slightly off-center strike. Estimate: $70-$100.

KM-62, CT-1468. 0.9 gram.

Mexico (War for Independence)

1520. Insurgent coinage, Chilpanzingo counterstamp 1521. Guadalajara, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, (Type A) on Lima, Peru, pillar 2 reales, 1754JD, unique combination. 6.3 grams. Host coin lightly toned VF with XF countermark in center of pillars side identical to KM-257.1 and KM-257.2 but with laurel-leaf border and on a unique host, unlisted and probably quite rare. Estimate: $200-$1,000.

1814MR. KM-111.3, CT-438. 26.6 grams. Bold VF+ with attractive even toning, nice for the issue, slightly crude edge (as made) and with attempted hole at top on reverse. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

245

1522. Guadalajara, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1523. Zacatecas, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1818FS. KM-111.3, CT-440. 26.7 grams. Choice XF with beautiful light toning all over, bold but slightly crude rims (as made).

Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $125-$200.

1819AG. KM-11.5, CT-690. 26.8 grams. AXF for issue (typically crude), hint of toning and luster, crude edge ( as made). Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

1524. Zacatecas, Mexico, bust 1 real, Ferdinand VII, 1816AG.

KM-82.1, CT-1248. 2.8 grams.

Near AVF, typically crude, contrasting toning in places (especially around the date). Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $30-$45.

1525. Zacatecas, Mexico, bust 1/2 real, Ferdinand VII, 1819AG. KM-74.3, CT-1423. 1.2 grams.

Bold AU with luster, off-center and slightly crude as usual, very choice for the type. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

Mexico (Republic)

1526. Lot of 3 Mexico 1/4 reales: 1842MoLR, 1843MoLR and 1844SLPi. KM-368.6 and 368.7. 2.5 grams total. AXF to AU with varying degrees of attractive toning and rim quality, mostly lustrous. Estimate: $30-$45.

1527. Mexico City, Mexico, 1/4 real, 1860MoLR, doubled 6. KM-368.6. 0.9 gram. Choice XF+ with rainbow toning and luster.

Estimate: $40-$60.

1528. Guanajuato, Mexico, 1/4 real, 1862LR. KM-368.5. 0.9 gram. BU, starting to tone around rims. Estimate: $100-$150.

1529. Lot of 2 Zamora, Mexico, countermarked copper 1530. Guanajuato, Mexico, 25 centavos, 1890R, hacienda tokens (octavos) dated 1858. 6.9 and 5.6 grams. One a dark-brown AVF with AXF countermark, the other a tanorange VG with XF countermark, both unevenly struck.

Estimate: $30-$45.

encapsulated NGC MS-65. KM-406.5. Lustrous and lightly rainbow-toned (mostly golden yellow), super high grade.

Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

246

Nicaragua 1531. Nicaragua, 50 centavos, 1929, encapsulated NGC AU-58. KM-15. Faint golden-yellow toning all over, nice grade.

Estimate: $125-$200.

Panama (Republic)

1533. Panama City, Panama, quarter Balboa, 1930, encapsulated NGC MS-63. KM-11.1. Lustrous, choice grade, incipient golden toning (very faint). Estimate: $75-$110.

1532. Panama City, Panama, 50 centĂŠsimos de Balboa, 1534. Panama City, Panama, copper 1 centĂŠsimo, 1937, 1905. KM-5. 25.0 grams. VF+ with a few trivial rim-nicks, lightly toned fields, scarce date of a 2-year type. Estimate: $50-$75.

encapsulated NGC MS-64 Red Brown. KM-14. Very iridescent (almost violet), with original mint luster, choice grade.

Estimate: $60-$90.

Peru (colonial) Pillars

1536. Lima, Peru, pillar 4 reales, Charles III, 1772JM. KMRainbow-toned and problem-free AVF, popular as the last year of issue. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection.

Estimate: $150-$225.

63, CT-1081. 13.1 grams.

1535. Lima, Peru, pillar 8 reales, Charles III, 1762JM, dot over left mintmark only. KM-A64.2, CT-837. 26.6 grams. Lustrous and beautifully rainbow-toned XF+ with a few scratches at top of pillars side (which is slightly off-center). Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $250-$375.

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1537. Lima, Peru, pillar 2 reales, Ferdinand VI, 1752/1J, very rare. KM-53, CT-unlisted (cf. 472). 6.5 grams. Clear overdate (R5 in Gilboy, 1-3 pieces known!), and a choice specimen too, in very high grade (lustrous AU), with nice dark toning all over.

Estimate: $500-$750.

247

1538. Lima, Peru, pillar 2 reales, Ferdinand VI, 1753/2J, rare variant with king’s name as FED. KM-53, CT-unlisted (cf. 473).

6.5 grams. Lustrous,

non-toned VF with scarce and curious error (R2 in Gilboy). Estimate: $100-$150.

1539. Lima, Peru, pillar 2 reales, Ferdinand VI, 1757/6/5JM, unlisted multiple overdate. KM-unlisted (cf. 53), CT-unlisted (cf.

478). 6.7 grams. Faintly toned VF+ with edge-nick, some patina, clear multiple overdate (the 7/6 alone is R2 in Gilboy). Estimate:

$100-$150.

1540. Lima, Peru, pillar 2 reales, Ferdinand VI, 1757/6JM.

KM-53, CT-unlisted (cf. 478). 6.7 grams.

Bold AXF, once lightly

cleaned but starting to tone nicely, with clear overdate (R2 in Gilboy). Estimate: $100-$150.

1541. Lima, Peru, pillar 2 reales, Charles III, 1766/5JM, rare overdate.

KM-62, CT-unlisted. 6.2 grams.

Nicely toned AVF,

certain overdate that is unlisted in Gilboy and therefore presumably rare. Estimate: $100-$150.

1542. Lot of two Lima, Peru, pillar minors of Charles III: 2 reales 1768JR and 1 real 1762JM. 6.4 and 3.1 grams. The 2R is a nicely toned VF with plugged hole at top, and the 1R is VF with contrasting toning, holed at top and with recut rims, both much better-looking than they sound. Estimate: $50-$75.

1543. Lima, Peru, pillar 1 real, Ferdinand VI, 1754JD. KM-52, CT-548. 3.4 grams. Very lustrous AU with light rainbow toning (golden near rims, bluish in centers), quite choice. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

1544. Lima, Peru, pillar 1 real, Ferdinand VI, 1756JM. KM-52, CT-551. 3.3 grams. Nicely toned XF with scratches to right of left pillar, slightly off-center strike. Estimate: $80-$120.

1545. Lima, Peru, pillar 1 real, Charles III, 1771JM. KM-61, CT-1487. 3.3 grams. Deeply toned VF, slightly off-center, with weird scratch flanking left pillar that does not transit the pillar (hence probably a scratch in the original planchet before striking).

Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $40-$60.

1546. Lima, Peru, pillar 1/2 real, Ferdinand VI, 1752/1J, very rare. KM-51, CT-unlisted (cf. 637). 1.6 grams. AVF with deeply toned shield side, contrasting toning on pillars side, clear overdate that rates R5 (1-3 known) in Gilboy. Estimate: $350-$500.

248

Busts

1547. Lima, Peru, bust 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1815JP.

1548. Lima, Peru, bust 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1819JP.

Lustrous AU with minor natural planchet flaw (stress fracture) across ear. Estimate: $125-$200.

KM-117.1, CT-487. 27.2 grams. Highly lustrous AU, no toning, offcenter reverse, very flashy. Estimate: $100-$150.

KM-117.1, CT-483. 27.2 grams.

1549. Lima, Peru, bust 1/4 real, Charles IV, 1795JI, rare. KM-102.1, CT-unlisted (cf. 1375). 0.7 gram. AVF with deep, contrasting toning, small (old) chip and bruise in edge, rare and popular type with high catalog value. Estimate: $200-$300.

1550. Lima, Peru, bust 1/4 real, Charles IV, 1795JI, rare. KM-102.1, CT-unlisted (cf. 1375). 0.9 gram. Off-center Fine+ with light toning, rare and popular type with high catalog value. Estimate: $200-$300.

1551. Lima, Peru, 1/4 real, Charles IV, 1798. KM-102.2, CT-1382. 0.8 gram. Toned Fine, off-center strike. Estimate: $50-$75.

1552. Lima, Peru, 1/4 real, Charles IV, 1801. KM-102.2, CT-1385. 0.7 gram. Salvaged XF, nicely toned. Estimate: $100-$150.

1553. Lima, Peru, 1/4 real, Charles IV, 1802. KM-102.2, CT-1386. 1.0 gram. Toned VF with crude rims (as made). Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

1554. Lima, Peru, 1/4 real, Charles IV, 1804. KM-102.2, CT-1388. 0.8 gram. Nice VF with light, contrasting toning, slightly out-of-round shape. Estimate: $80-$120.

1555. Lot of 2 Lima, Peru, 1/4 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1818. KM-108, CT-1459. Each 0.9 gram. Both

nice Fine on broad planchets, one nicely toned. Estimate: $80-$120.

1556. Lima, Peru, 1/4 real, Ferdinand VII, 1819.

KM-108, CT-1460. 0.7 gram.

center XF+, no toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $90-$135.

249

Off-

1557. Lima, Peru, 1/4 real, Ferdinand VII, 1820. KM-108, CT-1461. 0.8 gram. Lustrous AU with beautiful, subtle rainbow toning, off-center reverse. Estimate: $150-$225.

1558. Lima, Peru, 1/4 real, Ferdinand VII, 1821. KM-108, CT-1462. 0.9 gram. Broadflan XF with choice toning, off-center strike. Estimate: $100-$150.

1559. Lima, Peru, 1/4 real, Ferdinand VII, 1821. KM-108, CT-1462. 0.8 gram. Choice XF on a broad flan, nicely toned all over. Estimate: $100-$150.

1560. Lima, Peru, 1/4 real, Ferdinand VII, 1823. KM-108, CT-1463. 0.9 gram. Nice XF, super broad flan that extends well beyond the design, attractively toned, final year of issue. Estimate: $150-$225.

1561. Lot of 2 Lima, Peru, 1/4 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1823. KM-108, CT-1463.

Each 0.9 gram. Both toned XF+ with holes in same place (below the castle and lion),

final year of issue. Estimate: $40-$60.

Peru (provisional/pre-Republic) 1562. Lima, Peru, copper 1/4 real, 1822. KM-135. 1.6 grams. AXF with weak centers, medium brown with some original mint luster. Estimate: $40-$60.

Peru (Republic)

1563. Cuzco, Peru, 4 reales, 1838B, unlisted date. KM-unlisted (cf. 151.1). 12.5 grams. Nicely toned VF, clear date that is unlisted in KM and called “extremely rare” in Almanzar and Seppa’s The Coins of Peru (1972), and we have no evidence to the contrary, so it is probably under-estimated here. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $100-$500.

250

1564. Lot of 3 Lima, Peru, 1 reales: 1833MB, 1838MB and 1855MB. KM-145.1 and 145.4. 8.1 grams total. First two toned Fine, last one lustrous AU with faint rose toning. Estimate: $50$70.

1565. Lot of 5 Lima, Peru, 1/2 reales, 1826JM, 1838MM, 1850MB and 1856MB (2). KM-144.1 and 144.7. 6.5 grams total.

Three (1838 and both 1856) are crude Fine or worse, but one (1826) is lustrous AU and the last one (1850) is choice Mint State with faint toning. The 1838 is apparently unlisted and might be rare. Estimate: $70-$100.

1566. Lima, Peru, 1/4 real, 1834.

1568. Lima, Peru, 1/4 real, 1846/36.

KM-143.1. 0.7 gram.

Lustrous and lightly toned Mint State. Estimate: $90-$125.

1569. Lima, Peru, 1/4 real, 1849. KM-143.1. 0.8 gram. Nicely toned AXF with desirable pedigree. Pedigreed to the Sellschopp collection. Estimate: $80-$120.

1570. Lot of 3 Lima, Peru, 1/4 reales: 1841/0, 1843 and 1855. KM143.1. 2.3 grams total. The 1841/0 is VF with contrasting toning, the 1843 is richly toned XF+, and the 1855 is AXF with punchmark and two large X’s scratched into field. Estimate: $50$75.

Nicely toned XF with interesting brockage error (full LIMA in mirror image under llama). Estimate: $40-$60.

KM-143.1. 0.7 gram.

1571. Lima, Peru, sol, 1885TD, encapsulated NGC MS62. KM-196.22. Bright and lustrous, no toning. Estimate: $80$120.

1567. Lima, Peru, 1/4 real, 1842. KM-143.1. 0.6 gram. Lustrous AU with beautiful rainbow toning all over. Estimate: $100$150.

Any questions? Please email us at info@sedwickcoins.com or call (407) 975-3325

1572. Lima, Peru, sol, 1888TF, encapsulated NGC MS63. KM-196.24. Frosty and highly lustrous, super grade. Estimate: $90-$135.

251

1573. Lima, Peru, 1/5 sol, 1899JF, encapsulated NGC MS-64.

KM-205.2.

Highly lustrous

and starting to tone nicely, choice grade. Estimate: $50-$75.

1574. Lima, Peru, 1/2 dinero, 1916/5FG, “FERUANA” error, encapsulated NGC MS-65. KM-206.2. Bright mirror fields, exceptional grade. Estimate: $60-$90.

Philippines (under Spain) 1575. Philippines (under Spain), peso, Isabel II countermark Y•II• on Lima, Peru (Republic), 8 reales, 1835MT. KM-138.4 (with countermark, 142.3 for host only), CT-451.

26.9 grams. Nicely toned VF (both host and countermark), slightly off-center strike, interesting issue. Estimate: $125-$200.

1576. Manila, Philippines, copper quarto, Isabel II, 1834MA-F. KM-10, CT-unlisted (cf. 715). 4.9 grams. AVF, nice chocolate brown color with lighter high points, slightly weak at rims. Estimate: $60-$80.

Portugal 1577. Portugal, 1/2 tostão, João IV, 1641, rare.

KM-36. 2.9 grams.

AXF with bold cross and arms, much legend. Estimate: $125-$200.

Puerto Rico (under Spain)

1578. Puerto Rico (under Spain), peso, Alfonso XIII, 1895.

AU with beautiful rainbow toning all over, no problems, quite lovely, popular issue. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

KM-24, CT-82. 25.0 grams.

1579. Puerto Rico (under Spain), peso, Alfonso XIII, 1895.

KM-24, CT-82. 25.0 grams. Lustrous AU with spotty toning against

golden fields, popular issue. Estimate: $800-$1,000.

1580. Puerto Rico (under Spain), 40 centavos, Alfonso XIII, 1896. KM-23, CT-83. 9.9 grams. AU with lovely rainbow toning (mostly red) near rims. Estimate: $500-$750.

252

Beautifully rainbow-toned

Spain

1581. Barcelona, Spain, milled 2 reales “pistareen,” Charles III Pretender, 1707. KM-PT5, CT-23. 6.3 grams. Lustrous Mint State with incipient toning, minor edge-flaw, choicest specimen we have ever seen of a popular issue that was struck under the supervision of Sir Isaac Newton. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $100-$150.

1582. Segovia, Spain, milled 2 reales “pistareen,” Philip V, 1727F, encapsulated NGC MS-63. KM-297, CT-1407. Lustrous and very faintly toned, typically slightly warped (struck on a roller press) and with broad flan that extends beyond the details, rare grade. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

1583. Segovia, Spain, copper 2 maravedís, Charles IV, 1808, encapsulated PCGS MS-63BN. KM-426, CT-1539. Rare grade, even chocolate-brown color, all details perfect. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection.

Estimate: $100-$150.

1584. Madrid, Spain, 5 pesetas, Alfonso XIII, 1897SG-V. KM-707, CTLustrous AU with a few nicks, faint rainbow toning, same design as the Puerto Rico peso and Philippines peso. Estimate: $100$150.

26. 24.7 grams.

Suriname (Dutch Guyana)

1585. Suriname (Dutch Guyana), copper 4 duit, 1679, uniface, 4 leaves, extremely rare. KM-7.1. 2.1 grams. Despite the KM listing, this is an extremely rare issue (only about 4 known) that sold for almost 20 times its KM-based estimate at auction 4 years ago, with parrot in tree with 4 leaves above date, typically crude, VF for the issue, nice light brown color all over. Pedigreed to the June 2005 Heritage Auction. Estimate: $2,500-$3,750.

1586. Suriname (Dutch Guyana), copper duit, 1764. KM-8.1. 1.6 grams. Choice XF, nicely even brown color, slightly crude near rim, die-crack on reverse. Estimate: $100-$150.

253

United States of America

1587. USA, Carson City trade dollar, 1874-CC, NGC MS-

1588. USA, cut “2 bits” half of a seated Liberty half dollar

60. KM-108. Highly lustrous but noticeably bagmarked, with very faint golden toning, very popular. Estimate: $600-$900.

dated 1854. 5.7 grams. Heavily worn coin (Fair at best) with top half of eagle clear, date very faint, nicely toned, obviously circulated extensively after cutting, which is rare to see. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $100-$150.

Venezuela (provisional/Royalist) 1589. Caracas, Venezuela, 4 reales, 1820BS, rare. KM-7.2, CT-707. 9.3 grams. Richly brown-toned VF with crude hole at edge, rare and popular issue, undervalued in KM. Pedigreed to the Coin Galleries auction of December, 2006, with lot-tag #1360. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

Venezuela (provisional/”imitation cobs”) 1590. Caracas, Venezuela, “imitation cob” 2 reales, “184” date, M-L, rare. KM-13.1. 5.2 grams. VF for type with light toning all over plus some black spots, broad flan with nearly all details visible (pillars and cross), popular issue, undervalued in KM. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $500-$750.

1591. Caracas, Venezuela, “imitation cob” 2 reales, “182” date, L-M. KM-13.1. 5.0 grams. Attractively toned VF with small hole at edge, area of weak strike, popular issue, undervalued in KM. Pedigreed to the Ponterio auction of January 2007, with lot-tag #1281. Estimate: $250-$375.

1592. Barinas, Venezuela, “imitation cob” 1 real, “144” date, unlisted. KM-unlisted. 1.6 grams. Typical “chipi-chipi” shape but with completely unlisted “date” of 144 (not even mentioned in Stohr), lightly toned AVF, popular issue, undervalued in KM. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $350-$500.

254

Venezuela (provisional/pre-Republic)

1593. Caracas, Venezuela, copper 1/4 real, 1804, useful counterfeit of key date. 1.6 grams. Crude details that are obviously not correct but are made to show the design and fill a hole (since the 1804 is quite rare), AXF with bright pinkish color around details, looks circulated. Estimate: $60-$90.

1594. Caracas, Venezuela, copper 1/4 real, 1813, very rare. KM-2. 3.3 grams. Unevenly struck and patinated AVF for the type, nice chocolate-brown color, undervalued in KM. Estimate: $600-$900.

1595. Caracas, Venezuela, copper 1/4 real, 1817, large date. KM-2. 3.5 grams. Slightly grainy VF with dark fields against brown details, undervalued in KM. Estimate: $100-$150.

1596. Caracas, Venezuela, copper 1/4 real, 1817, small date.

AXF for type, some minor weak areas but obviously not very worn, dark brown all over, undervalued in KM. Estimate: $50-$75.

KM-2. 3.1 grams.

1597. Lot of 2 Caracas, Venezuela, copper 1/4 reales, 1818, two different sets of dies. KM-2. 2.6 and 2.5 grams. Both AVF, one darker than the other, nice strike on both, undervalued in KM. Estimate: $100-$150.

1598. Caracas, Venezuela, copper 1/4 real, 1821, rare variety. KM-2. 2.4 grams. Slightly corroded VF+ for type, rare type of crown, undervalued in KM. Estimate: $80-$120.

1599. Caracas, Venezuela, copper 1/4 real, 1821, common variety. KM-2. 2.0 grams. Off-center VF+ for type, slightly warped, light brown color, undervalued in KM. Estimate: $60-$90.

1600. Caracas, Venezuela, copper 1/8 real, 1805, extremely rare date. KM-1. 1.6 grams. AXF for type with some dark encrustation against coppery fields, minor rim-flaws (as made), undervalued in KM. Estimate: $1,300-$2,000.

1601. Caracas, Venezuela, copper 1/8 real, 1818, rare. KMLustrous but encrusted XF+ for type with small clip in rim, varying color, undervalued in KM. Estimate: $400-$600.

1. 1.7 grams.

255

Venezuela (under Gran Colombia) 1602. Caracas, Venezuela (under Gran Colombia), 1/4 real, 1821, very rare. KM-31. 0.6 gram. About Fine with light toning, off-center obverse, undervalued in KM. Estimate: $500-$750.

Venezuela (Guayana/provisional/Royalist)

1603. Guayana, Venezuela, copper 1/2 real, 1813, large flan. KM-41.1, CT-1295. 3.4 grams. Unevenly struck Fine with flat areas, dark on obverse, lighter on reverse. Estimate: $100-$150.

1604. Guayana, Venezuela, copper 1/2 real, (1813-4), reverse struck over obverse design, rare. KM-41.1. 2.0 grams. Interesting specimen that appears to be re-struck with the reverse over the old obverse design, the lettering of which (and part of the castle) appear clearly, but unfortunately cover the date (probably 1814), crude Fine with chip in rim, varying color. Estimate: $60-$90.

1605. Guayana, Venezuela, copper 1/2 real, 1815. KM-41.2, CT-1297. 2.5 grams. Bold AVF with weak centers, nice chocolatebrown color all over, slightly off-center strike, undervalued in KM. Estimate: $60-$90.

1606. Guayana, Venezuela, copper 1/2 real, 1815. KM-41.2, CT-1297. 2.3 grams. Off-center Fine with weak spots, chip in rim, nice even color (brown), undervalued in KM. Estimate: $40-$60.

1607. Lot of 2 Guayana, Venezuela, copper 1/2 reales, 1816 and 1817. KM-41.2. 2.5 and 2.1 grams. The 1816 a light-brown About Fine with weak spots, the 1817 an iridescent and bold Fine+ with chip in rim, undervalued in KM. Estimate: $60-$90.

Venezuela (modern) 1608. Venezuela, 500 bolivares, 1992, low mintage. KM-69.

31.2 grams. Perfect Proof, no problems, mintage of

only 10,000

coins. Estimate: $30-$45.

256

MEDALS

1609. Bolivia (Potosí), silver Bolívar medal with mountain of Potosí, 1825. 36.4 grams. Large, coin-like medal, nicely toned XF+, with portrait of Bolívar on obverse and sun over mountain of Potosí on reverse with date, legends reading SIMON BOLIVAR LIBERTADOR DE COLOMBIA Y DEL PERU on obverse and Potosí MANIFIESTA SU GRATITUD AL GENIO D. LA LIBERTAD, all very well detailed and beautiful, and popular with Latin collectors (listed as #9466 in the Fonrobert reference and #3B in Burnett). Estimate: $900$1,350.

1611. Mexico, gold medal of the Virgen de la Guadalupe, 1794. 28.7 grams. Sturdy medal with the Virgen de la Guadalupe and legend N.S.DE GUADALUPE DE. MEXICO.A.1794 on obverse and cross above NONFECIT / TALITER / OMNINATIONI on reverse, XF with die-crack near bottom of reverse and loop for wearing attached to top, appears to be high-grade gold and is probably rare. Estimate: $1,500-$2,000.

1612. Mexico (Mexico City), 2R-sized proclamation 1610. Chile (Republic), silver independence proclamation medal, 1818. 17.9 grams. Sun/clouds above palm tree and INDEPENDENCIA on obverse, LIBERTAD in ribbon above pillars and lateral smoke clouds on reverse, full legends, beautifully toned AXF, lovely design. Estimate: $250-$375.

medal, Ferdinand VII, 1808. 6.8 grams. Size and weight of a 2 reales (listed in Grove as F-15), with crowned arms and legend FERNANDO. VII. REY. DE. ESPANA. Y. DE. LAS. YNDIAS on obverse, PROCLAMA / DO.EM.MEXI / CO. A. 13. DE. / AGOSTO. DEL / ANO. DE. / 1808 in wreath on reverse, attractively toned XF with crude field to left of shield. Estimate: $150-$225.

1613. Mexico (Sociedad Numismática de Mexico), silver medal, 1971, with pictures of Mexican cobs on both sides.

24.5 grams. Lovely Proof with slight handling marks and spots of toning, the frosty center design an 8 escudos of 1679 assayer G, a fantasy coin but curious in light of our commentary in the article on page 146. Estimate: $25-$40.

257

1614. Limited-edition 1-ounce silver medal made from Atocha silver by the Mexico City mint in custom Lucite holder and clamshell case. 27.27 grams. This is basically a Mexican 8-reales Royal restrike, as the design is completely accurate for a 1621 specimen, yet it is clearly not intended to deceive and comes housed in a special Lucite holder that is embossed with GENUINE LOST SILVER TREASURE OF THE ATOCHA (showing the coin inside a fanciful treasure chest) inside a clamshell case accompanied by a small certificate of authenticity explaining that the silver used to make the coin came from the Atocha (presumably from one of the huge silver bars) and that the coin was officially “restruck” at the Casa de Moneda in Mexico City, complete with a mint official’s signature at the bottom (unfortunately undated but probably late 1980s or early 1990s), the mintage limited to 10,000 pieces. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection.

Estimate: $70-$100.

1615. Puerto Rico, brass medal with antique silver finish, 2009, limited edition (private issue) #97/100 commemorating Puerto Rico and Columbus. 45 grams.

Large, modern medal made privately in Puerto Rico in a very limited quantity using a design created by the famous engraver Samuel Barber, with bust of Columbus above 1899 date and UNITED STATES OF AMERICA on obverse and ISLA DE PUERTO RICO above and I PESO = 60 CENTS below montage of George Washington and Federal shield and eagle on reverse, Uncirculated. Estimate: $40-$60.

258

SESSION III: Friday, October 16, 2009, noon SHIPWRECK INGOTS AND BULLION Gold 1616. Lot of gold flakes from the “Tumbaga wreck” (ca.

1528), 1.8 grams. These are all thin, hammered strips of gold, presumably the parts of Aztec gold that were not melted down into ingots, and as such they are fabulously rare and important artifacts, numbering here in the dozens (all that were found), ranging in size from tiny specks to 0.3-gram balls (rolled up), many with heavy green patina due to copper in the alloy. From the “Tumbaga wreck” (ca. 1528). Estimate: $150-$500.

1617. Gold cut “finger” bar #23 from the “Golden Fleece wreck” (ca. 1550), 537 grams, marked three times with fineness XX• (201/4K). About 6" x 1" x 1/2". This is the majority portion of a long, straight ingot, with one end a blunt point (the end of the metal flow) and the other end chiseled (smooth) about 1/5 of the way and then broken from there (very rough, with white coral bits in the crevices), the top of the bar more or less smooth with two significant patches of snowwhite coral and the bottom with three instances of fineness markings (strategically placed so that such bars could be cut down to make “small change”) each showing 2 curved x’s in a box next to a single dot in a separate box. Note that the curved x’s are an exact match with the two gold ingots found on the 1554 Fleet off Padre Island, Texas. From the “Golden Fleece wreck” (ca. 1550), with Sedwick photo-certificate.

Estimate: $20,000-$30,000.

1618. Gold “finger” bar ingot #11 from the “Golden Fleece wreck” (ca. 1550), 204 grams, 20-1/2K, in special presentation wooden box. About 5" x 3/4" x 1/4". Approximately 3/5 of a long, flat ingot (much smaller than usual) with one rounded end and other neatly chiseled all the way through, with one patch of gray coral at the cut end on the smooth top and three fineness markings on the bottom, each with 2 straight x’s in a box and 2 dots in their own box, spaced so that the bar could be further cut to make smaller change. What’s nice about this ingot, apart from its very compact and therefore more affordable size, is the wonderful cherry-wood presentation box with locking lid and special color certificate that one of the former owners put with it, the bar housed in a special, velvetlined well sized to match inside the box, hands down the most impressive display we have seen. From the “Golden Fleece wreck” (ca. 1550). Estimate: $7,500-$10,000.

259

1619. Gold nugget #853 from the Espadarte (1558), 43 grams. 1" in diameter and 1/4" thick. Round, flat disk of what appears to be high-grade gold, mostly smooth but encrusted with white and purplish coral and oxidation, very coin-like and hefty. From the Espadarte (1558), with Arqueonautas certificate.

Estimate: $2,500-$3,750.

1620. Gold nugget #1039 from the Espadarte (1558), 32 grams. Roughly 1-1/4" x 1" and 3/16" thick. Broad, flat disk whose metal did not flow all the way to the edge (creating a very irregular shape) with smooth, clean surfaces of what appear to be high-grade gold, small piece of edge pointing upward (where the metal was poured?), somewhat coin-like in size and weight. From the Espadarte (1558), with Arqueonautas certificate. Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.

1621. Gold nugget #1004 from the Espadarte (1558), 19 grams. 3/4" in diameter and 1/4" thick. A flattened sphere of high-grade gold, very coin-like, with void near edge but otherwise fully round and thick, the flattened surfaces smooth and clean. From the Espadarte (1558), with Arqueonautas certificate. Estimate: $1,000$1,500.

1622. Lot of 6 low-grade gold pieces from the Espadarte (1558). 2.4-12.0 grams each (total 48.2 grams), 1/4" to 1" in diameter. These bits, of

which 2 are coin-like disks and 2 are wedges cut from disks, the other 2 being more like drops or nuggets, are all dark and dull in color (still obviously gold), both from a lower-grade of gold and from heavy encrustation, a fascinating lot of pieces that could be cleaned up to reveal brighter and more eye-catching items. From the Espadarte (1558), with Arqueonautas certificates #IDM-006/02/0940, 0976, 0988, 1010, 1113 and 1273. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

1623. Gold “finger” bar ingot #30 from the Atocha (1622), 885 grams, 20-3/4K. About 9" x 1" x 1/2". Long

and nearly full bar with one end neatly sliced twice, at different angles, the other end rounded but with cylindrical “assayer’s bite” now filled with white coral, the bar itself slightly curved, with 4 clear fineness markings, each with 2 X’s in a box and 3 dots in a separate box, plus at least 7 partial circular tax seals with dotted border and some letters visible, plus (and most importantly) full and mostly readable foundry mark “SARGOSA / PECARTA,” at least the top half of which refers to the mine (and city) of Zaragoza in Colombia (the PECARTA part probably an assayer name), all with bits of encrustation, the other side smooth, certainly one of the better-marked and more significant gold bars from the Atocha. From the Atocha (1622), with original Fisher photo-certificate #GB030.

Estimate: $35,000-$50,000.

1624. Gold “finger” bar #33 from the Atocha (1622), 621 grams, 20-1/4K. About 7" x Another “SARGOSA / PECARTA” bar from Zaragoza, Colombia, this bar neatly cut (once) at each end but still long and with 3 fineness markings of 2 X’s in a box and one dot, no less than 7 partial (circular) tax seals with dotted borders and some letters, the foundry mark nearly full and clearly attributable, not much encrustation except for inside a small pit on the marked side. From the Atocha (1622), with original Fisher photocertificate #GB033. Estimate: $25,000-$35,000.

1" x 1/4".

260

1625. Gold “finger” bar ingot from the Maravillas (1656), 336.3 grams, 19-1/4K. About 7" x 1" x 1/4".

A very wide and flat ingot with one end chisel-cut twice (a bit crudely) and the other end rounded but with two small, cylindrical assayer’s bites, the marked surface with 3 fineness markings of XIX in a box with single dot outside, 3 clear tax seals (plus part of another) with dotted borders and letters HISPA and DG visible, but best of all is the bold and nearly full foundry mark RIBERA / ZARAGOZA, which clearly refers to the Zaragoza mine and city in Colombia but also possibly to an assayer named Ribera (unless the RIBERA simply refers to the fact that the Zaragoza in Colombia, as opposed to the Zaragoza in Spain, is situated on the banks of a river), a significant artifact from a wreck that is not necessarily known for yielding many gold bars. From the Maravillas (1656), with color photo-certificate. Estimate: $18,500-$27,000.

1626. Gold “half potato” ingot from the 1715 Fleet, marked “4o3”, 59.32 troy oz, estimated fineness 20K. About 5-3/4" x 2-1/ 2" x 3/4". A virtual twin of one that sold in the US Customs sale in Tampa, Florida, in 2003, obviously made in the same bunshaped mold and nearly exactly the same weight, and clearly marked with the same “4o3” (and nothing else) that refers to the weight in hundredth-libras, the libra being 460 grams, hence 59.6 oz (very close to actual in this case, the remaining 3/10 oz possibly lost due to oxidation of copper impurities in the sea?), a spartan but attractively tidy ingot with significant intrinsic value. From the 1715 Fleet, with certificate.

Estimate: $45,000-$65,000.

1627. Justh & Hunter gold ingot #4280 from the S.S. Central America (1857), 20.93 oz, 90.7% fine, with special presentation copy of Bowers book. About 2-3/8" x 1-3/4" x 1/2". A desirably compact and perfectly rectangular ingot with markings on top NO.4280 / JUSTH & HUNTER / 20.93 OZS. / 907 FINE. / $392.42, bias-cut assayer’s “bites” in upper-left corner on top and bottom-right corner on bottom, the bottom smooth but with marking 80 near one corner, a very rare and highly sought example of California gold from the Gold Rush days, the specimens from Justh & Hunter (a famous assaying office in San Francisco, Justh himself once an assayer at the mint) being typically much larger and therefore difficult to collect in this small size. Note also that the accompanying book (part of a special presentation package when these gold bars were marketed after the find) is worth at least $1000 by itself. From the S.S. Central America (1857), with huge, special-issue, limited-edition (400 copies made) boxed book (which contains a pinch of gold dust from the ship in the inside cover) entitled A California Gold Rush History, by Q. David Bowers (2002). Estimate: $50,000-$75,000.

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1628. Lot of gold flakes and dust from the S.S. Central America (1857), approx. 31 grams, in original Sotheby’s packaging. A generous “pinch” of gold dust and flakes (plus a few tiny nuggets) from the California Gold Rush and the most famous shipwreck source of same, one of the few original lots from the Sotheby’s sale that did not (yet) go to promoters for packaging into 1.5-gram retail items. From the S.S. Central America (1857), with Sotheby’s sticker #283/19925 and blue pouch.

Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.

1629. Lot of gold dust from the S.S. Central America (1857), approx.

20 grams. A goodly “pinch” of gold dust (no flakes or nuggets) from the California Gold Rush and the most famous shipwreck source of same, one of the few original lots from the Sotheby’s sale that did not (yet) go to promoters for packaging into 1.5-gram retail items. From the S.S. Central America (1857), with Sotheby’s sticker #342/20831 and blue pouch. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

Silver 1630.

Large silver “tumbaga” bar #M-66 (“key bar”) from the “Tumbaga wreck” (ca. 1528), 21.66 lb.

About 13-1/2" x 4-1/2" x 1-1/2".

When the “tumbaga” bars were conserved in 1993, Armstrong specifically set this one aside as being the “key bar” for the fact that it shows many small disks and other pieces sticking out of its top surface, as the component artifacts were not fully melted and show at least some idea of what they originally looked like, thereby making this one bar, above all the others, far more important, also with clear markings on the bottom (YB13 iUBC XV = 67.3% pure, and IN / DCBCA assayer and 2 partial tax stamps), crude (and seemingly too small) assayer’s “bite” in one corner, and worth noting as well that this is one of the heaviest and largest bars, to the point that its top appears to have spilled over the mold (maybe why the artifacts were not totally melted). From the “Tumbaga wreck” (ca. 1528), with Sedwick photo-certificate.

Estimate: $20,000-$30,000.

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1631. Silver “tumbaga” bar #M-92 from the “Tumbaga wreck” (ca. 1528), 8.07 lb. About 14" x 3-1/4" x 3/4". Long, flat ingot with rippled texture on top with single tax stamp, bumpy texture on bottom with 2 sets of finenesses, one with IV II X L (with small s’s above and below) for 1240 (51.7% pure) and the other with iVCCC L X for 1360 (56.7% pure), also serial number R C and assayer B~Vo and partial tax stamp, diagonal “bite” (half sliced, half broken) in corner, gray to silvery in color. From the “Tumbaga wreck” (ca. 1528). Estimate: $5,750-$7,500.

1632. Silver “tumbaga” bar #M-115 from the “Tumbaga wreck” (ca. 1528), 7.08 lb. About 10" x 3-1/2" x 3/4". Thick, rectangular ingot with “sunburst” texture on top around 2 bold finenesses, IV IIII with small s’s above and below for 1400 (58.3% pure) and YB13 next to S and iUB for 1500 (62.5% pure), also bold partial tax stamp, the other side of the bar very granulated and bumpy, with very neatly sliced diagonal assayer’s “bite” in corner, even silver color with some toning. From the “Tumbaga wreck” (ca. 1528).

Estimate: $5,500-$7,500.

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1633. Silver “tumbaga” bar #M-106 from the “Tumbaga wreck” (ca. 1528), 6.51 lb.

Broadly rectangular in shape but not very thick, with very bold serial number R C, assayer B~Vo and fineness iVCC L X X X (1280/2400 = 53.3% pure) and one partial tax stamp on top whose texture ranges from smooth to striated to almost crystalline, the other side evenly rough (oxidized?), crudely broken assayer’s “bite” in one corner, nice even color. From the “Tumbaga wreck” (ca. 1528).

Estimate: $5,000-$7,000.

About 12-1/2" x 4" x 3/8".

1634. Silver “tumbaga” bar #M-51 from the “Tumbaga wreck” (ca. 1528), 5.23 lb. About 7" x 3" x 1". Neat “half-brick” with clear markings of assayer B~Vo, serial RC and fineness iVC L X (1160/2400 = 48.3% pure) on top, large portion of circular tax stamp on bottom, diagonal assayer’s “bite” in corner, some pitting but mostly well preserved and desirable shape and markings.

From the “Tumbaga wreck” (ca. 1528). Estimate: $4,500-$6,500.

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1635. Silver “tumbaga” bar #M-63 from the “Tumbaga wreck” (ca. 1528), 4.59 lb.

Very neatly rectangular but somewhat thin, with bold fineness IV IIII L X X X (with small s’s above and below) for 1480 (61.7% pure) and partial tax stamp on smooth top, the bottom rougher and unmarked and with curious “string” impressions, diagonally sliced assayer’s “bite” in one corner, even silver color. From the “Tumbaga wreck” (ca. 1528). Estimate: $4,250-$6,000.

1636. Cut silver “tumbaga style” ingot #6 from the “Golden Fleece wreck” (ca. 1550), 2495 grams, with illegible fineness markings and tax stamp. About 5-1/2" x 2-3/4" x 1-1/2". An odd item for this wreck, whose silver yield was almost entirely round “splash” ingots, this piece instead being the middle portion of a big, rectangular “tumbaga” ingot from a few decades prior, the two cuts (about 1/3 chiseled and 2/3 broken) clear on the wide ends, the fineness marked on both sides (one with circular tax stamp as well) but illegible due to corrosion, very heavy and bricklike.

From the “Golden Fleece wreck” (ca. 1550). Estimate: $3,500-$5,000.

1637. Well-marked silver “splash” ingot #AG from the “Golden Fleece wreck” (ca. 1550), fineness 23.6/24, 1004 grams. About 5-1/2" in diameter and up to 5/8" thick. Typical round “splash” but with unusually clear and bold markings on top, including fineness IIU CCC L X (2360/2400 = 98.3% pure) twice and crowned-C tax circular tax stamp twice too, the bottom of the bar rough and unmarked, the edges a bit crude but with clearly chiseled cut in one place, nice silver color all over. From the “Golden Fleece wreck” (ca. 1550), with photo-certificate. Estimate: $1,500$2,250.

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About 9-1/4" x 4" x 3/8".

1638. Cut piece of a silver “splash” ingot from an unidentified ca.-1554 wreck off Santo Domingo, 5.73 troy oz. Roughly 3-1/2" x 2-1/2" x 1/2". Very irregular, somewhat triangular-cut piece (chisel-cut once and crudely broken twice) of a very thin “splash” with lots of bubble inclusions, no visible markings, very crude, with rough texture from oxidation, but somewhat coin-like in nature (basically “plata corriente”) and rare. From an unidentified ca.-1554 wreck off Santo Domingo, with certificate. Estimate: $250-$375.

1639. Cut piece of a silver “splash” ingot from an unidentified ca.-1554 wreck off Santo Domingo, 4.08 troy oz. Roughly 21/2" x 1-1/2" x 1/2". A very crude, thick, interior piece broken off of a much larger “splash”, with significant stress cracks from the breakage, no visible markings, clean and tidy on one side but thickly encrusted with whitish coral on the other side, somewhat coin-like in nature (basically “plata corriente”) and rare. From an unidentified ca.-1554 wreck off Santo Domingo, with certificate. Estimate: $250-$375.

A PRACTICAL GUIDE TO ATOCHA SILVER-BAR MARKINGS Like 17th-century bumper stickers, the markings on the tops of the hundreds of massive silver ingots recovered from the Atocha (sunk in 1622 west of Key West, Florida, and found and salvaged by Mel Fisher and his divers in 1985) tell the story of where each bar came from, when and how it was made, who made it and owned it and shipped it, and even what was supposed to happen to it when it arrived in Spain, a journey the ingots obviously did not complete. Interpreting these markings is not as hard as it seems, as this brief guide will show.

For practical purposes the visibility of markings is succinctly represented on the Mel Fisher certificate that accompanies each bar in the form of a number called the Class Factor. This number ranges from 0.6 for corroded and poorly marked bars to 1.0 for ones with full markings (particularly the date). Most bars are Class Factor 0.8 or 0.9. The following will tell you what each of the markings means.

The first and simplest marking to decipher is the manifest number, which appears in large and deeply stamped Roman numerals. It is important to keep in mind that in the Spanish colonial system the thousands are indicated by one or more I’s followed by a U, hence IIU is two thousand. The first bar listed in our auction here, for example, shows a manifest number of IIIIUCXXXVII for 4137. In the ship’s manifest, which was copied and sent ahead of the ship (which is why we know what was on the Atocha’s manifest), the manifest number is a line-item entry, next to which each bar is listed with its weight and owner/shipper details. Interestingly enough,

matching bars to this manifest was how the Atocha find was confirmed in the first place.

The next marking to consider is the fineness, also in Roman numerals but these smaller and incuse inside standard punch-type boxes, representing parts per 2400. With few exceptions on these bars, the fineness is nearly always IIU C C C L X X X (each separate box indicated by a space between the letters) or 2380, which is 99.17% pure silver, using the same karat system as for gold (24K or 2400 in silver being 100% pure).

Usually lightly stamped to the right of the fineness (when visible at all) is the cartouche of the assayer, the person who was responsible for making sure the stamped fineness was accurate. The assayer tested the silver by means of a “bite,” which was the removal of a small piece of the bar for testing and retention as his fee, usually a peanut-shaped “double-scoop” on the top of the bar but also as a cylindrical notch in the side of the bar instead. The former was the style for Potosí whereas the latter was for Oruro, two different cities and foundries in Bolivia (part of Peru at the time).

The foundry and date appear in their own cartouche elsewhere on the bar, usually weakly visible if at all. The usual mark for Potosí is a P with a small o above it to the left of a 1621 (or 1622) date in large, Arabic numerals. For Oruro it is ORUR above O1621 (always that date).

Another usually faint—but eminently important— mark was the tax stamp or “quinto,” representing the king’s “fifth” or 20% tax. This appears multiple times on a given bar

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in the form of a coin-like circular seal with the Spanish arms (lions and castles in a simple shield) inside a legend for the king. Quite often this seal is impressed weakly or only partially, presumably because the official punches were hard to come by and would last longer if used gently. The same principal applied to the assayer and foundry/date marks mentioned above. It is generally understood that the king’s tax was paid prior to the casting of the bar, and in fact some bars with different markings may be the actual tax money earmarked for the crown.

One other punched mark on these bars, typically near the edge, is the silvermaster’s mark, which for both Potosí and Oruro was nearly always a V for Jacob de Vreder. Some bars (particularly those that are believed to be the king’s tax money) instead show a similarly punched letter A, the name unknown but probably de Vreder’s assistant. Note that de Vreder himself was aboard the Atocha and perished in the disaster; his assistant was on the Santa Margarita of the same ill-fated fleet of 1622.

For whatever reason, the bars owned by J. Delgado show other punched letters (like B, C, D, etc.) that appear to have nothing to do with the silvermaster but are similar in form.

Visually the most impressive marks are the deeply hand-inscribed (not punched) monograms of the owners and shippers. Usually these were the same person, but not always;

the manifest generally gives you the “owned by” and “shipped for” names. These marks are usually large and sometimes take up the entire width of the bar, with things like diamonds and asterisks gracing the letters of usually, but not always, logical monograms, like MB for Muñibe. Multiple monograms are not uncommon and may indicate settlements of accounts down the line. In lieu of such markings there is often a simple diagonal line, believed to be a divider to show where to cut the bar to remove a proper portion for another tax, the “averia” or shipping tax, used to pay for the defensive privilege of transporting the silver safely on the king’s ships.

Some hand-inscribed marks, it is believed, were acquired by the bars during their long journey from the mountains of Bolivia to the coast of Peru or Chile, to the southern shores of Panama and across the isthmus to the Caribbean, and finally to the transshipment points of Cartagena, Colombia, and Havana, Cuba. Presumably, however, these marks aided in proper taxation and payments when the bars reached Spain and found their intended recipients, at which point the bars were all melted down. It is only because of the 1622-Fleet disaster that we can see these marks and ingots at all and appreciate their beauty and significance.

1640. Large silver bar from the Atocha (1622),100 lb 2.3 oz troy, Class Factor 1.0. About 14" x 5-1/2" x 4-1/2". This is the heaviest bar we have ever offered (certainly one of the biggest from the ship) and also one of the best-marked, with bold manifest number IIIIUCXXXVII, fineness IIU C C C L X X X (2380 = 99.2% pure) with foundry mark to right, at least 7 clear tax stamps, and (best of all) date 1621 with Potosí initial to left, plus a D (for owner/shipper Delgado) and a V (for silvermaster de Vreder) at one end and a diagonal slash at the other (to show where to cut to take out the “avería” or shipping tax), interestingly lopsided in height and with the top part somewhat “overlapping” the top sides of the mold, typical (for Potosí bars anyway) “double-scoop” assayer’s “bite” in center of top, a very impressive and intrinsically valuable ingot. From the Atocha (1622), with Fisher photo-certificate #85A-S300. Estimate: $21,000-$26,000.

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1641. Large silver bar from the Atocha (1622), 91 lb 4.96 oz troy, Class Factor 1.0. About 14" x 5" x 3-1/2". This choice bar has the most exquisite markings we have ever seen, with deeply engraved and elegant GSS monogram to left (for owner/shipper Gasca and Sanchez), FD monogram above A and I to right, manifest number IIIYDCLII, fineness IIU C C C L X X X (2380 = 99.2% pure) to left of very explicit IoV.Ess. / MEXIA assayer cartouche, also 3 nearly complete tax stamps and 1621 date with P initial for Potosí, very deep “double-scoop” assayer’s “bite” in middle, also very evenly cast and uncorroded, desirable pedigree.

From the Atocha (1622), with Fisher photo-certificate #85A-S559. Also pedigreed to the Treasures of the Nuestra Señora de Atocha auction (San Diego, 9/19/87), lot #3375. Estimate: $20,000-$25,000.

1642. Large silver bar from the Atocha (1622), 83 lb 9.44 oz troy, Class Factor 1.0. About 16" x 5-1/4" x 3-1/4". A curious example of crossed-out markings, as the monogrammed TSR to right is defaced and replaced on the left side (below a crossedout V) with a bold MB monogram (shipper/owner Munibe), also with bold manifest number I11CVIII (note the 1’s instead of I’s) and fineness IIU C C C L X X X (2380 = 99.2% pure), also partial tax stamp and date or assayer cartouche, very prominent cylindrical assayer’s “bite” at one end (hence cast in Oruro, which is scarcer than Potosí), minor surface corrosion, desirable pedigree. From the Atocha (1622), with Fisher photo-certificate #85A-S811. Also pedigreed to the Treasures of the Nuestra Señora de Atocha auction (San Diego, 9/19/87), lot #3374. Estimate: $20,000-$25,000.

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1643. Large silver bar from the Atocha (1622), 87 lb 6.88 oz troy, Class Factor 0.9. About 16" x 5" x 3-1/2". Very well marked for its grade, with particularly bold NR monogram at one end and Lx at the other end, 2 V’s, manifest number CCCLXXXII, 4 nearly full tax stamps, fineness IIU C C C L X X X (2380 = 99.2% pure), but the assayer/date box after the fineness is unreadable (hence the grade), curious cylindrical assayer’s “bite” taken from center of side (hence not visible from the top), bright silver color all over with pits (from bubbles) as made. From the Atocha (1622), with original Fisher photo-certificate #S762.

Estimate: $19,000-$24,000.

1646. Neatly formed silver bar from

1644. Silver contraband ingot from the Maravillas (1656), 550 grams. About 5" x 1" x 3/4". A neatly molded ingot of typical shape and fineness (presumed to be around 23.8K) but without any markings and rather small, therefore undoubtedly contraband in nature, with minor corrosion on gray-colored surfaces. From the Maravillas (1656), with original Marex certificate #124. Estimate: $500-$750.

1645. Small silver plug (contraband ingot?), from an original Spanish salvage camp of the 1715 Fleet, 34.8 grams. About 1-1/4" in diameter and 7/8" tall. This looks just like someone poured molten silver into a nesting cup-weight, presumably so a smuggler would have a small, almost coin-like piece of contraband silver, no markings of course, dark in color and nicely encrusted all over, really looks like it should weigh more. From the 1715 Fleet, with photo-certificate #0514. Estimate: $100-$150.

the Rooswijk (1739), 1967 grams (63.25 oz. troy), marked with A (Amsterdam) and VOC (Dutch East India Co.) and billy goat (assayer/foundry mark).

About 6-1/4" x 1-1/2" x 1-1/4". Very tidy and clean ingot with very bold markings, one end typically cut (to finetune the weight) and with deep depression inside which some orange encrustation now resides, the perfect preservation of the ingot due to the fact that it was neatly cast and tightly packed into a chest that remained intact.

From the Rooswijk (1739), with certificate and tag #RK05AS0335.

Estimate: $2,500$3,750.

1647. Neatly formed silver bar from the Rooswijk (1739), 1957 grams (62.93 oz. troy), marked with A (Amsterdam) and VOC (Dutch East India Co.) and billy goat (assayer/foundry mark). About 6-1/2" x 1-1/2" x 1-1/4". Very tidy and clean ingot with very bold markings, one end typically cut (to fine-tune the weight) and with deep but narrow depression now containing a modicum of orange encrustation, the perfect preservation of the ingot due to the fact that it was neatly cast and tightly packed into a chest that remained intact. From the Rooswijk (1739), with certificate and tag #RK04A0547. Estimate: $2,500-$3,750.

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SHIPWRECK ARTIFACTS

Copper

Phoenician wreck of the late 5th/early 4th century BC off Israel

1648. Cut copper ingot from the Atocha (1622), 12 lb av.

About 7" x 7" x 3". A very crude lump of

copper that was broken apart in at least one place, no markings (as usual), mostly dark brown in color but with some bright copper exposed and lots of green spots tinged with white coral bits in the pits. From the Atocha (1622), with Fisher certificate #625. Estimate: $400-$600.

1649. Broken copper ingot(?) (or possibly just scrap copper) from the Consolaci贸n (1681), 604 grams. About 41/2" x 2-1/2" x 2". Very crude cluster of scrap copper, possibly broken from a larger ingot, no markings of course, but with lovely orange and green encrustation against dark brown surfaces. From the Consolaci贸n (1681), with ROBCAR photo-certificate #B090004.

Estimate: $50-$100.

1651. Hollow terra cotta statue of Tanit. 187 grams, 6-3/8" tall and about 1-1/2" in diameter. A crude, worn statue almost completely

cocooned in white encrustation, the face and one arm (barely recognizable) peeking out (grayish tan color), one of 250 statues found on the wreck in similar condition, the goddess being the main deity of Carthaginian religion and culture. With copy of article about the wreck and salvage. Estimate: $150-$225.

1200s wreck off Southeast Asia

1652. Pair of Chinese celadon plates, Song or Yuan 1650. Well-molded copper ingot from the Benamain (1890), 14 lb av. Roughly 12" x 2-1/2" x 2-1/2". Custom-molded ingot with rectangular top with pointed ends, cylindrical crossholes in bottom, which is marked with incuse V&S for Vivian & Son above A (unknown), brick-red color all over with spots of green. From the Benamain (1890), with original Aquascan certificate. Estimate: $200-$300.

Dynasty (960-1279 AD). 210.6 grams, 5" x 1"; 207 grams, 5" x 1-1/4".

Two shallow saucers with leafy design in center under greenishgray glaze all over except for white ring inside and unglazed base, the smaller one with crusty residue inside and tiny chips in rim but the larger one 100% intact. Estimate: $50-$75.

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1300s wreck off Thailand

1656. Uncleaned, Annamese blue-on-white porcelain bowl 1653. Pair of earthenware jar lids (one repaired). 155 and with bird motif.

131 grams, each 4" in diameter and 1-1/2" to 1-3/4" in diameter. Both lids

a bit worn and crude, one white with bits of brown glaze and the other grayish with design in dark brown and orangish encrustation, the latter broken into 6 pieces and re-glued but the other one intact with shelly encrustation inside, both with cute little knob at top. With original 1974 letter from the diver.

Estimate: $50-$75.

743 grams, 9" in diameter and 2" tall. Intact and vividly colored piece showing a bird with outstretched wings in center surrounded by floral pattern and 9 panels on exterior, light brown base (unglazed), interestingly encrusted all over with oyster shells, barnacles and wormy coral (as found), plus some dark stains, great for a shipwreck display but also likely museum quality if judiciously cleaned. Estimate: $600-$900.

1657. Large, Annamese blue-on-white lidded porcelain powder-box.

“Hoi An hoard,� sunk in the late 1400s off Vietnam

121 grams, 1-3/4" tall and 2-3/ 4" in diameter. Flower on top

with 4-panel pattern on sides, much degraded from the sea but fundamentally intact, with minute bits of encrustation, the top and bottom nicely matched.

With VISAL certificate #63933 and pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $100-$150.

1654. Annamese blue-on-white porcelain monkey

1658. Annamese blue-on-white

statuette (dropper). 66 grams, 2-1/4" tall. Very cute little statuette in the form of a mother monkey with baby in lap and hole for mouth to be used as a dropper, blue dots and stripes, plain base with sticker, perfectly intact with bits of wormy white coral. With VISAL sticker #28632 and pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $175-$250.

lidded porcelain powder-box (medium). 94 grams, 1-1/2" tall and 21/4" in diameter. Well-preser ved round box with curved sides, flowery diamond design on top surrounded with berries(?), scalloped pattern bottom part that is close but not an exact match with the top (very typical for this wreck), one small chip but otherwise intact. With VISAL certificate #51697 and pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $75-$110.

1659. Annamese blue-on-white 1655. Annamese blue-on-white porcelain bowl with bird motif. 697 grams, 9-1/4" in diameter and 2" tall. Choice and 100% intact museum-quality piece showing a bird with outstretched wings in the center, floral pattern around edge, 9-petalled design on exterior, turned chocolate color without glaze on base, once encrusted but very carefully cleaned and undamaged (unlike most), just the footprint of one crustacean still adhering.

Estimate: $600-$900.

lidded porcelain powder-box (medium). 82 grams, 1-1/2" tall and 2-1/ 4" in diameter. Round box with curved sides, deep dark design on top (flower in center surrounded by 6 panels), simple flower-petal design on bottom half, a marginal match for the top but intact at least and with fairly good glaze remaining. With VISAL certificate #30128 and pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $75-$110.

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“Cidade Velha shipwrecks,” sunk in the late 1500s off the Cape Verde Islands, west of Africa

1660. Small, Annamese blue-on-white lidded porcelain powder-box. 54 grams, 1-1/4" tall and 1-3/4" in diameter. Round and straight-sided, with sunlike central design on top and berries(?) on bottom, a reasonable match with the top, decent glaze and intact. With VISAL sticker #64823 and pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $75-$110.

“Tumbaga wreck,” sunk ca. 1528 off Grand Bahama Island 1664. Bronze crucifix. 4.3 grams, 2-1/4" x 1-3/8". One-piece cross 1661. Bronze apothecary’s pestle.

In amazingly intact condition (one end possibly truncated), the bronze a lovely dark color with light encrustation, desirable as a recognizable artifact from a very early ship. Estimate: $75$110.

367 grams, 7" long.

and Christ figure, a bit eroded but fundamentally intact (just the top part missing), brassy color. With Arqueonautas certificate #AGO-050/98/993. Estimate: $100-$150.

1665. Bronze crucifix. 5.1 grams, 1-5/8" x 1-3/8". One-piece cross and Christ figure, the legs particularly prominent, worn but intact except for the top loop, brassy color. With Arqueonautas certificate #AGO-050/98/993. Estimate: $100-$150.

Unidentified slave ship sunk in 1553 off Portete, Ecuador

1662. Brass spike, rare provenance. 94 grams, 6" long. Clean, straight, intact spike with square shank and head, light brass color, first artifact (with next) that we have ever seen from this potentially important wreck. With photo-certificate. Estimate: $40$60.

1663. Iron spike, rare provenance. 129 grams, 6-1/2" long.

Straight, intact, square-shanked spike with bulbous head, rusty red in color with patches of green and gray, first artifact (with next) that we have ever seen from this potentially important wreck. With photo-certificate. Estimate: $40-$60.

1666. Lot of 6 small, brass buckles. 11.0 grams total, 1"-1-1/4" long. Thin but fairly ornate and easily recognizable artifacts, used for shoes and straps (not waist belts), all more or less intact.

With Arqueonautas certificates #AGO-050/98/938.03, 931.04, 922.04, 929, 944.03 and 890.05. Estimate: $70-$100.

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“Binh Thuan wreck,” sunk ca. 1608 off Vietnam

1667. Blue-on-white Chinese porcelain jarlet, Zhangzhou (Swatow), late Ming Dynasty. 68.7 grams, Small, round vase with 3/4" hole in rim at top (with natural flaw under the glaze), vivid deer design in two panels, crude base due to dripping of glaze, intact and much nicer than it sounds. The “Binh Thuan wreck,” sunk off the southern coast of modern-day Vietnam and salvaged in 2001, was a Chinese junk, possibly linked to the merchant I Sin Ho, who lost a ship there in 1608 laden with silk and other goods on the way from China to Johor (Malaysia). Estimate: $80-$120.

2" tall and 1-3/4" in diameter.

“Wild Horse River wreck,” sunk ca. 1620 in the Río de la Plata off Colonia, Uruguay

1668. Gold ring with amethyst. 5.8 grams, 7/8" inside diameter. Nearly identical to the specimen in our Treasure Auction #4 but with slightly lighter-colored stone (table cut), the setting ornate and high-grade gold (est. 22K), in perfect condition with black encrustation in crevices, made for nobility in the 1600s but wearable today (size 7-1/2) by the high bidder! Estimate: $5,000$7,500.

1669. Gold ring with aquamarine(?). 3.0 grams, 3/4" inside diameter. Practically identical to the specimen in our Treasure Auction #4, the stone of the same quality and cut (a 12-faceted, pointed octagon, very similar to the Old European “rose cut” popular in the 1500s), the ring itself ornate, high grade (est. 22K) and perfectly preserved, slightly oval but basically size 5-1/2. Estimate: $4,000-$6,000.

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1672. Lot of dozens of medium-sized, Grade-1 quality natural emeralds, 28.5 carats total. Nice green color and good opacity, most about 3 mm in size, the very same items that would sell for up to $1000 each from the Atocha (1622).

Estimate: $850-$1,275.

1670. Ornate silver plate with bird-hunting theme. 181 grams, Perfectly preserved (no corrosion) and fabulously well detailed, this small, shallow plate shows a gamebird with wings outstretched in the center surrounded by the heads of horses and full side-views of a deer and a dog and two stork-like birds amongst vegetation, presumably a hunting scene, the execution of which is clearly South American but beautifully done, all in a lightly toned hammered silver with protrusion in center on bottom where some sort of stand once attached. We shudder to think of the market value of this piece if it had come from the Atocha (1622)! Estimate: $1,000-$5,000.

6-3/4" in diameter.

1673. Lot of over 100 small, Grade-1 quality natural emeralds, 27.5 carats total. Nice green color and good opacity, most about 2 mm in size, the very same items that would sell for up to $1000 each from the Atocha (1622). Estimate: $825$1,250.

1674. Lot of 17 medium to large, Grade-2 quality natural emeralds, 19.0 carats total. Darker (blacker, not deeper green)

1671. Lot of 20 large, Grade-1 quality natural emeralds, and more opaque, most about 5 mm in diameter, the very same 23.0 carats total. Nice green color and good opacity, most about 5 mm in size, the very same items that would sell for up to $1000 each from the Atocha (1622). Estimate: $700-$1,000.

items that would sell for up to $1000 each from the Atocha (1622). Estimate: $380-$570.

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1675. Lot of 28 medium-sized, Grade-2 quality natural emeralds, 25.0 carats total. Darker (blacker, not deeper green) and more opaque, most about 3 mm in diameter, the very same items that would sell for up to $1000 each from the Atocha (1622). Estimate: $500-$750.

1678. Lot of dozens of medium to large, Grade-3 quality natural emeralds, 40.5 carats total. Very dark and opaque nuggets tinged with green, most about 3 mm in diameter, the very same items that would sell for up to $1000 each from the Atocha (1622). Estimate: $400-$600.

1679. Lot of over 100 small,Grade-3 quality natural 1676. Lot of dozens of small, Grade-2 quality natural emeralds, 10.0 carats total. Darker (blacker, not deeper green) and more opaque, most about 2 mm in diameter, the very same items that would sell for up to $1000 each from the Atocha (1622). Estimate: $200-$300.

emeralds, 54.5 carats total. Very dark and opaque nuggets tinged with green, most about 2 mm in diameter, the very same items that would sell for up to $1000 each from the Atocha (1622). Estimate: $550-$825.

Atocha, sunk in 1622 west of Key West, Florida 1680. Gold clasp made into a pendant. 3.2 grams, 1" long. An original artifact, sort of

a starburst figureeight with smooth, triangular back, 2.42 grams, that had holes at top into which a small pin and loop were attached (removable) so that it can be worn as a pendant, with desirable original certificate. With original Fisher photo-certificate #3926-A-82 from 1984.

Estimate: $1,750-$2,500.

1681. Small gold bead. 0.3 gram, 1/4" in diameter. A

1677. Lot of dozens of large,Grade-3 quality natural emeralds, 66.5 carats total. Very dark and opaque nuggets tinged with green, most about 5 mm in diameter, the very same items that would sell for up to $1000 each from the Atocha (1622). Estimate: $675-$1,000.

275

plain, more or less spherical bead with tiny holes at each end, slightly caved in but with nice white coral appended.

With original plastic tag and Fisher photo-certificate #86A-P049.

Estimate: $250-$375.

1682. High-quality natural emerald,

1686. Iron cannonball. 6 lb, 3-1/2" in diameter.

2.98 carats. About 10 x 6 x 5 mm. A sizable and somewhat translucent gem with nice green color, one of the better specimens from the Atocha, always popular. With original plastic tag and Fisher photo-certificate #E270. Estimate: $1,500-$2,250.

Solid and substantial ball with much surface erosion but stabilized, dark but slightly rusty color. With non-Fisher photo-certificate. Estimate: $100-$150.

1683. Natural emerald, 1.95 carats. About 9 x 6 x 5 mm. Nice green color and surface luster, somewhat opaque but much better than most from the Atocha, always popular. With original plastic tag and Fisher photocertificate #LE1324. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

1684. Natural emerald chip, 0.53 carat. About White crystal with tinge of green, popular source. With original plastic tag and Fisher photo-certificate #97A-59390. Estimate: $200$300.

1687. Iron padlock, professionally conserved. 43.1 grams, 2" x 3/4". In the shape of an upside-down triangle, nicely preserved and with keyhole intact but side and entire upper bar missing, shiny black in color. With Fisher photo-certificate #96A-60580. Estimate: $250-$375.

7 x 5 x 3 mm.

1688. Iron cotter pins, professionally conserved. 86.5 grams, 5" long. Effectively two spikes, each bent double and clasped together, used to connect two freemoving wooden parts, amazingly solid and wellpreserved for shipwreck iron (mostly black, just a few r ust spots). W ith original plastic tag and Fisher photo-certificate #5038. Estimate: $100$150.

1685. Iron cooper’s stake anvil, very rare, professionally conserved. 34 lb, 53" long. Also known as a spike anvil, this large item with point at one end and flat, rectangular work area with two holes on the other end was used by the ship’s cooper (barrelmaker) to form hoops, which required a special, narrow anvil that could be poked into a hole in the wood of the ship and steadied while he hammered the hoop on the top, this example effectively intact and heavy, fully preserved and black (no rust), amazing condition for shipwreck iron and an important, substantial and very rare shipboard implement. With original Fisher certificate # 05A-72023 and letter about when it was found, showing a picture of its original coral-encrusted condition. Estimate: $3,500-$5,000.

1689. Large copper cooking pot with display sign. 6 lb 10 oz, 8-1/2" tall and 8-1/2" in diameter. Very impressive artifact, the spherical body all intact (brown in color) but thin and cracked, held together by a thick, white crust of shells and sand on the interior, visible through a 6"-wide opening at top, 3 small posts on sides (one missing) where handles used to be, accompanied by a small, printed foam-board sign from when the pot was on display in a museum or traveling exhibit. With original Fisher photo-certificate #A-601 from 1986. Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.

276

Santa Margarita, sunk in 1622 west of Key West, Florida

1690. Lot of 5 large, natural pearls.

0.44 to 0.66 carat each.

Sizable pearls (about 5 mm each) with varying colors and sheens, from a find of 16,000 pearls, the largest of which have fetched up to $1380 in our previous auctions but were originally distributed to investors and divers at prices around $2500 each!

With Fisher photo-certificates #83782-1114, 2273, 8116, 8139, 8240.

Estimate: $750-$1,100.

1693. Lot of 10 medium-sized natural pearls.

0.21 to 0.37

carat each. Very

useful size (and amount) for jewelry (each pearl about 0.4 mm), with varying colors and sheens, from a find of 16,000 pearls that were distributed to investors and divers at prices around $2500 per carat! With Fisher photo-certificates #83782-1355, 1514, 1612, 1737, 2168, 3422, 3488, 8131, 8253, 8457. Estimate: $750-$1,100.

1691. Lot of 5 large, natural pearls. 0.49 to 0.92 carat each. Sizable 1694. Lot of 15 small, natural pearls.

0.08 to 0.15 carat each.

pearls (about 5 mm each) with varying colors and sheens, from a find of 16,000 pearls, the largest of which have fetched up to $1380 in our previous auctions but were originally distributed to investors and divers at prices around $2500 each! With Fisher photo-certificates #83782-2689, 2698, 8161, 8266, 8299. Estimate: $750-$1,100.

Decent-sized pearls (2-3 mm each) in varying colors and sheens, from a find of 16,000 pearls that were distributed to investors and divers at prices around $2500 per carat! With Fisher photocertificates #83782-1372, 2196, 2199, 4094, 4175, 5799, 5889, 6002, 6396, 6427, 6456, 6634, 6983, 7091, 7450. Estimate: $750-$1,100.

1692. Lot of 10 medium-sized natural pearls.

1695. Lot of 15 small, natural pearls. 0.08 to 0.16 carat each.

Decent-sized pearls (2-3 mm each) in varying colors and sheens, from a find of 16,000 pearls that were distributed to investors and divers at prices around $2500 per carat! With Fisher photocertificates #83782-1861, 3441, 3469, 3616, 3739, 3837, 3850, 4133, 5585, 5619, 6547, 6630, 6809, 7609, 7748. Estimate: $750-$1,100.

carat each. Very

0.24 to 0.37

useful size (and amount) for jewelry (each pearl about 0.4 mm), with varying colors and sheens, from a find of 16,000 pearls that were distributed to investors and divers at prices around $2500 per carat! With Fisher photo-certificates #83782-1131, 1501, 1506, 1603, 1930, 2660, 2863, 3352, 8245, 8448. Estimate: $750-$1,100.

277

0.08 to 0.22 carat each.

1699. Lot of 30 very small, natural pearls. 0.01 to 0.17 carat

Decent-sized pearls (2-3 mm each) in varying colors and sheens, from a find of 16,000 pearls that were distributed to investors and divers at prices around $2500 per carat! With Fisher photocertificates #83782-1236, 1248, 1716, 2938, 3434, 3537, 3733, 3854, 3941, 4865, 5413, 5414, 5566, 7024, 7152. Estimate: $750-$1,100.

Tiny pearls (1-2 mm each) in varying colors and sheens, from a find of 16,000 pearls that were distributed to investors and divers at prices around $2500 per carat (consider the labor involved in measuring, grading and certifying a 0.03-carat pearl)!

With Fisher photo-certificates #83782-1205, 3067, 3894, 3975, 3989, 4012, 4238, 4785, 4807, 4820, 4895, 4925, 5215, 5225, 5279, 5301, 5318, 5375, 5124, 5165, 5181, 5188, 5616, 5678, 6469, 6992, 7469, 7538, 7699, 7962. Estimate: $750-$1,100.

1696. Lot of 15 small, natural pearls.

each.

1700 1700. Iron spike, professionally conserved. 237 grams, 8-5/8" long. Long, straight, square-shank spike with large square head, a bit eroded but solid and black from conservation. Estimate: 1697. Lot of 15 small, natural pearls. 0.08 to 0.19 carat each. $40-$60.

Decent-sized pearls (2-3 mm each) in varying colors and sheens, from a find of 16,000 pearls that were distributed to investors and divers at prices around $2500 per carat! With Fisher photocertificates #83782-1662, 1909, 2040, 2170, 2870, 3121, 3125, 3300, 3416, 3610, 4642, 4968, 5708, 7113, 7797. Estimate: $750-$1,100.

1701. Half of a lead split-shot, about 3/4" in diameter. 19 grams, 7/8" in diameter. Originally crafted as two hemispheres connected by wire but the wire and other half now missing, much less common than the normal musketballs. With original plastic tag and Fisher photo-certificate #83723. Estimate: $15-$25.

1698. Lot of 30 very small, natural pearls. 0.03 to 0.15 carat Tiny pearls (1-2 mm each) in varying colors and sheens, from a find of 16,000 pearls that were distributed to investors and divers at prices around $2500 per carat (consider the labor involved in measuring, grading and certifying a 0.03-carat pearl)!

With Fisher photo-certificates #83782-2917, 3021, 3027, 3053, 3080, 3915, 4144, 4195, 4434, 4460, 4481, 4488, 4710, 4889, 4913, 5000, 5044, 5085, 5111, 5203, 5286, 5342, 5355, 5638, 6111, 6170, 6749, 7172, 7833, 8312. Estimate: $750-$1,100. each.

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Please place absentee bids at www.iCollector.com/sedwick (use the bid sheet at the end of this catalog for fax or mail bids)

Want to see your collection here? Consign to our Treasure Auction #7 (spring, 2010), deadline January 31

Concepción, sunk in 1641 off the northeast coast of Santo Christo de Castello, sunk in 1667 off the Lizard, Hispaniola Cornwall, England

1702. Section of wood from the ship in shadow box. 4-1/2 lb, 16-1/2" x 16-1/2" x 1-3/4". We

have sold tens of thousands of coins from this wreck but very few artifacts, let alone a piece of the ship itself! An otherwise unassuming piece of dark, splintered wood, about 8" and 1-1/2" wide, this small section of the ship is elegantly displayed on mats inside a wooden frame with glass front, inside which is also a custom certificate signed

by Burt Webber, Jr., the modern salvager of the wreck, stating that the wood is a type of Caribbean mahogany saturated with gunpowder (presumably why it survived), recovered in 1979.

Estimate: $50-$75.

1704. Copper pot handle. 179 grams, about 4" to a side. A horseshoe-shaped torque of 1/2"-cylindrical cross-section, the flattened ends for fastening to the pot stripped and broken but the rest of it intact, rare provenance (only the second artifact we have ever offered from it) that happened to be among the wrecks offered in the last Lane shipwreck sale of June 1, 1983 (see lot 2051 in the Auction Catalogs section). With certificate.

Estimate: $35-$50.

Sacramento, sunk in 1668 off Bay of All Saints, Bahia, Brazil

Capitana (Jesús María de la Limpia Concepción), sunk in 1654 off Chanduy, Ecuador 1703. Bronze cannonball, rare.

A perfectly round but oddly cracked ball (probably due to casting the bronze around an iron core), one of just a few found only on this ship, their reason for being believed to be related to the fact that normal iron cannonballs tended to rust away on the usually quiet Pacific coast. With Bob Marx photo-certificate.

Estimate: $700-$1,000.

23 lb, 5-1/5" in diameter.

1705. Handled earthenware pot.

1025 grams, 5" tall and 7" in diameter. Super

artifact with short, fat body with one handle intact and the other worn away, nice orange color all over, flat base, the 4" opening at top revealing a wealth of thick and shelly coral inside. Estimate: $200-$300.

1706. Bulbous stoneware bottle.

643 grams, 8" tall and 4-1/2" in diameter.

Nice teardrop shape with diagonally broken neck (worn on breaks, so an old break), flat base, nice tan color with white oyster “footprints,” wavy design etched in shoulder, would make a great flower vase. Estimate: $200-$300.

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1681 Fleet off Porto Bello, Panama

1711. Lot of 12 steel rapier blades, some conserved.

8 lb

While we have had several individual specimens of these interesting items in previous sales, this is the first time we have been able to offer a wholesale lot, each sword typically thin and a dark rusty color but intact and sharp, several with markings in the blood-groove (including one with INRI for Jesus of Nazareth King of the Jews), a few stabilized with lacquer but most in need of long-term conservation. Estimate: $900-$1,200. total, 46" long.

1707. Small, handled earthenware bowl. 383 grams, 2-1/2" tall Rustic and simple bowl with vestiges of 2 handles on rolled rim at top, flat base, mottled tan/brown color all over, intact except for 3 pieces broken and re-glued.

Estimate: $100-$150. and 6" in diameter.

Consolación (“Isla de Muerto shipwreck”), sunk in Unidentified 1600s-1700s wreck off Pensacola, Florida 1681 off Santa Clara Island, Ecuador 1708. Large brass religious medallion. 3.1 grams, 1-1/4" tall. 1712. Iron rapier handle and part of blade.

One of 4 designs of religious medallions found on this wreck, according to Bill Seliger in his book Isla El Muerto and the Treasures of the Consolación (2008), on page 129 of which you can see a picture of one just like this piece, with Latin legends that read (translated) “Conception without sin” on the obverse around the Virgin Mary and “Be praised the holiest sacrament” on the reverse around 2 angels and a representation of the holy sacrament, this example in super condition with all details clear and practically uncorroded, minor dark encrustation here and there, the loop at top missing. With ROBCAR certificate #B090001. Estimate: $200-$300.

1709. Small brass religious medallion. 2.5 grams, 1" tall.

Another one of the 4 designs found on this wreck and pictured in the Seliger book showing the Virgin Mary on obverse and holy sacrament on reverse but no legends, a little corroded but intact and readable, the loop at top missing, reddish toning and encrustation.

With ROBCAR certificate #B090003. Estimate: $150-$225.

1710. Iron mule shoe. 176 grams, about 5" x Perfectly intact specimen, professionally conserved (black) but thin and slightly rusty from oxidation, with a series of 9 square sockets where nails were to be hammered in. With ROBCAR photocertificate #I00006. Estimate: $60-$90.

3-1/2".

397 grams, 12"

The handle-end of a rapier with hilt and knuckle-guard intact but simple in design, only about 6" of the blade remaining above the ricasso and tang, the grip and pommel missing (if they existed at all), rusty all over but stable and solid. Estimate: $50-$100. long.

Unidentified 1600s-1700s wreck off Coron, northern Palawan, Philippines

1713. Very large blue-on-white Chinese porcelain bowl with heron motif, late Ming Dynasty. 4-3/4 lb, 15" in diameter and 3" tall. Wonderfully big, rimless bowl with tall heron in center standing among plants surrounded by design of fruit trees alternating with flowers in 16 panels, minimal design on exterior and plain (partially glazed) base, fully intact and impressive, aggressively cleaned (the color just a bit faded). Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

280

Henrietta Marie, sunk in 1700 off Marquesas Key, southwest of Key West, Florida

1714. Ornate pewter spoon with original display sign, rare and important provenance. 43 grams. A very elegant spoon (pied-de-biche type, trifid handle), with crowned head of William III at end, circular maker’s mark with S-B and asterisk for Stephen Bridges of London on bottom near bowl, the underside of which is ornately designed, even gray color with spots of white. While some 131 spoons were recovered from this wreck, this is the first we have ever seen for sale (in fact the first artifact of any kind from it), and we are happy to see it because the Henrietta Marie was heavily touted by the Fisher organization as the first and only slave ship found and salvaged and therefore of utmost archeological importance. See lot #2013 for a book and National Geographic magazine about the wreck and its salvage. With plastic display sign and Treasure Salvors certificate #548-2. Estimate: $500-$1,000.

Bennebroek, sunk in 1713 off South Africa 1715. Conglomerate of money cowries (seashells) and porcelain shards, rare. 216 grams, about 4" x 2" x 2". This item, the first artifact we have ever offered from this wreck, a homebound Dutch East Indiaman sunk with a cargo of porcelain and pepper and salvaged in modern times by the companies Sealit and Sachs, is basically a clump of claylike crud impregnated with 5 small shells known as cowries that were used as money in Africa as well as at least 2 shards of Chinese blue-onwhite porcelain, all surrounding the void created by a completely disintegrated square-shank iron spike. With original certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $250-$375.

281

1715 Fleet, east coast of Florida 1716. Gold cross studded with 6 high-grade emeralds, intricately engraved on the back. 5.2 grams, roughly 1-1/4" x 1". One of the featured pieces in this auction, this small item is truly among the most impressive jewels we have ever seen from the 1715 Fleet, as it is basically 6 high-grade emeralds of deep, dark color surrounded by high-purity gold (at least 22K) in a simple and understated design but beautifully and very finely engraved on the back, perfectly preserved except for a slight twisting and opening of the loop at top (where it was wrenched from its original gold chain, presumably something equally grand), intentionally left the way it was found but easily reparable for wearing again. This piece has never left the hands of the ecstatic finder until now, although it is has been featured in many publications in the 25 years since it was found. Found on the beach in the same area as the famous “dragon whistle” (see next lot) between Sebastian and Wabasso in 1984 after the Thanksgiving Day storm, and featured in several publications, including PLVS VLTRA newsletter (4th quarter, 1986), Florida Sportsman magazine (“Finders Keepers,” by Bob Burgess, October, 1986), the Garrett Searcher newsletter (issue #15, May, 1989) and the 1988 short film “What Dreams are Made of: Treasure of the 1715 Fleet” by Dan Wagner, which was reproduced under the new title “The Queen’s Jewels and the 1715 Fleet” and aired on the History Channel in 1998. Estimate: $10,000-$15,000.

1717. Gold “olive blossom” chain. 21" long, 29.9 grams. When the famous “dragon whistle” (recently in the news for a change in ownership) was found by Kip Wagner’s nephew Rex Stocker on the beach in 1962, it was accompanied by an 11-foot length of gold chain of a ornate design consisting of countless small, hand-crafted links, each of which is basically a 2-sided, 6petalled flower (usually called “olive blossom”), and this type of chain was found many times over in various lengths throughout all the years of salvaging the 1715 Fleet, leading many to believe they were a form of tax-free alternative to coins (hence the oft-used term “money chain”). Our specimen here is a perfect length for wearing, but note also that it is nearly equivalent to the weight of an 8 escudos in its time. With hand-signed Jack Haskins certificate from 1986. Estimate: $4,000-$6,000.

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1718. Low-grade gold ring of ornate “hearts” design. 1.7 grams, 3/4" in diameter (size 6). The Nieves site of the 1715 Fleet is known as the “ring wreck” for pieces such as this one, found by the dozens, nearly all small and in low-grade gold and sometimes quite ornate, as is the case here, its thrice-repeated pattern being 2 hearts point-to-point, lightly repaired but otherwise well preserved, more copper in color than gold. With Sinclair photocertificate #0011. Estimate: $300-$450.

1722. Lot of colored trade beads. 4 grams total, the cylinders 3/ 4" long and the spheres about 1/8" in diameter.

Two light-blue cylinders (look like macaroni noodles) and 7 dark-blue spheres (more or less), all glass beads used to trade with the natives and somewhat scarce today. From an original Spanish salvage camp, with photo-certificate #494. Estimate: $75-$110.

1723. Lot of colored trade beads. 6 grams total, the cylinders about 1" long and the spheres about 1/8" in diameter. Three light-blue cylinders (look like macaroni noodles) and 6 dark-blue spheres (more or less), all glass beads used to trade with the natives and somewhat scarce today. From an original Spanish salvage camp, with photo-certificate #496. Estimate: $75-$110.

1724. Lot of colored trade beads. 3 grams total, the cylinders about 3/4" long and the spheres about 1/8" in diameter. Two lightblue cylinders (look like macaroni noodles) and 6 dark-blue spheres (more or less), all glass beads used to trade with the natives and somewhat scarce today.

From an original Spanish salvage camp, with photo-certificate #497.

Estimate: $75-$110.

1725. Lot of colored trade beads. 4 grams total, the cylinders 3/4" long and the spheres about 1/8" in diameter. Two light-blue cylinders (look

1719. Low-grade gold(?) Columbus statuette/adornment.

20 grams, 2" long. We have seen this type of

object before on the top of a religious monstrance, basically a standing figurine with one arm raised (to hold a banner), with pieces of the arms and legs missing or separate with this lot, encrusted all over but with the gleam of gold peeking out here and there. With Sinclair photo-certificate #0001. Estimate: $300-$450.

1720. Natural emerald, 2.55 carats.

like macaroni noodles) and 5 dark-blue spheres (more or less), all glass beads used to trade with the natives and somewhat scarce today. From an original Spanish salvage camp, with photo-certificate #499. Estimate: $75-$110.

About 11 mm

long and 5 mm in diameter. A long crystal of

classic shape (more or less hexagonal cross section), good green color but totally opaque, with lots of white and tan encrustation all over. From an original Spanish salvage camp, with photo-certificate #315. Estimate: $350-$500.

1721. Natural emerald, 1.15 carats. About 6 mm long and 4 mm in diameter. Classic-shaped

crystal (more or less hexagonal cross section) with good green color and somewhat translucent but with black inclusions. From an original Spanish salvage camp, with photo-certificate #317. Estimate: $300-$450.

1726. Large (15") pewter platter. 4-1/2 lb, 15" in diameter and 1Biggest plate we have ever seen, totally intact and relatively devoid of misshapenness, with raised rim, gray with white spots, but best aspect is the thick, shelly encrustation in the center. Estimate: $500-$750.

3/4" tall.

283

1727. Large (14") pewter strainer. 1627 grams, 14-1/2" in diameter and as tall as 1-3/4". Huge plate but without rim and with over 20 small holes all over, a few small chips but otherwise intact, with white and gray surfaces, minor wrinkling, a bit fragile. Estimate: $150-$225.

1728. Medium (9") pewter plate with rim. 613 grams, 9-1/2" in diameter and 1/2" tall. Wide-rimmed plate with lots of white and orange encrustation against light gray surfaces, intact except for a small split on the inside of the rim Estimate: $150-$225.

1729. Iron cannon pin-ring.

Cannons in carriages on board ships were tied to the bulkhead by means of pin-rings like this one to prevent them from rolling all over the deck, this specimen rusted and unconserved but still intact, the pin part encrusted to the ring part with white coral. Estimate: $40-$60.

720 grams, about 6-1/2" long and 4" in diameter.

1730. Large iron barshot, professionally conserved. 11-1/4 lb, 11" long, each end 3" in diameter and 2" thick. A typical barshot with 2 cylindrical pucks attached with a bar (square in cross-section), pitted from corrosion but very solid and thoroughly conserved and finished with a thick, black coating, popular artifact. Estimate: $350-$500.

1731. Large iron cannonball. 13-1/2 lb, 5" in diameter. Heavy and intact ball with rusty but lacquered surfaces (stable), popular artifact. Estimate: $100-$150.

1732. Medium iron cannonball. 8-1/2 lb, 4" in diameter. Very smooth and well-preserved specimen (even shows the casting seam around the middle) with rusty but lacquered surfaces, minimal pitting, popular. Estimate: $75-$110.

1733. Small iron cannonball. 4-1/4 lb, 3" in diameter. Solid and sturdy, rusty and lightly pitted but lacquered for stability, always a popular shipwreck item. Estimate: $60-$90.

1734. Lot of 3 small iron cannonballs, conserved. 236 to 281 grams each, 2" in diameter. Three small balls in nice condition, black from professional conservation (two matte, one shiny), minor pits and cracks only. Estimate: $100-$150.

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1735. Iron hand grenade with wooden fuse-plug, professionally conserved. 803 grams, 1-3/4" in diameter.

Small cannonball with hole on side for inserting gunpowder and a wooden plug with hole for fuse (just light it, throw it to where you want and watch it explode), the iron very solid and well preserved (black from conservation, just a few small pits). Estimate: $500-$750.

1736. Iron hand grenade with original wooden fuse-plug, professionally conserved. 628 grams, 3" in diameter. Solid cannonball with hollow center for gunpowder, kept dry by means of a wooden plug (intact) into which a fuse was inserted to turn it into an exploding bomb that could be lobbed at the enemy by hand, this example well preserved but with hairline crack that appears to be stable. With Fisher certificate #11554N. Estimate: $400-$600.

1739. Lot of 2 lead “barbell� shot, rare. 62 and 30 grams, 1" and 1-1/2" long. We had never seen this type of

shot before now, each piece consisting of two balls cast together with a connecting bar, one of them intact but the other a bit eroded.

Estimate: $70-$100.

1740. Lot of 2 complete lead split-shot (both halves). 55 Two heavily encrusted specimens of bullets cast in 2 hemispheres joined by wires, the wires now missing but the shot apparently unused and intact.

Estimate: $50-$75. and 53 grams, 3/4" and 1" in diameter.

1741. Complete lead split shot with connecting wire, heavily encrusted, rare. 106.5 grams total, almost 6" long. Wonderful artifact, the 2 halves of the shot encrusted (one in very thick coral) but with the connecting wires fully exposed and intact (twisted per the norm), first time we have ever seen one this big.

Estimate: $150-$225.

1737. Lot of 40 lead musketballs. 1400 grams total, each about 1/ 2"-3/4" in diameter. Standard-issue balls in normal condition (dusty

gray), cheap but popular items with retail potential. Estimate: $100-$200.

1 7 4 2 .

Complete lead split shot with connecting wire, encrusted, rare. 99 grams, 5-1/2" long. Impressive piece with the 2 halves encrusted with orange and white shells and pebbles and separated by intact connecting wires (twisted as usual). Estimate: $150-$225.

1743. Complete lead split shot

1738. Lot of 12 lead musketballs. 306 grams total, 1/2" in diameter.

Standard-issue balls in normal condition (dusty gray), cheap but popular items with retail potential. Estimate: $40-$60.

285

with connecting wire, encrusted, rare. 73 grams, 3" long. Beautifully encrusted pair of half-shots and wire, only a small portion of which (twisted) is exposed, the encrustation gray in color and containing many small shells and pebbles. Estimate: $150-$225.

1744. Lot of 30 lead split-shot halves, some encrusted. 1748. Small lead sounding weight. 484 grams, about 2-3/8" tall About 815 grams total. Very interesting lot of

hemispherical bullets that were originally cast in pairs with wires to connect them, now separated and with sometimes heavy encrustation appended. Estimate: $150-$300.

1745. Tip of a small bronze gun barrel and two small gun flints.

24 grams and 1-7/8" long (gun barrel), 4 grams total (flints). Interesting lot with

the blown-off end of an easily recognizable gun barrel with lovely light encrustation, the 2 gun flints no more than chips but original artifacts nonetheless. From an original Spanish salvage camp, with photo-certificates #493 and #511.

Estimate: $100-$150.

A perfect cone shape (looks like a space capsule) with hole at top for suspending on a string and checking the depth, lightly encrusted. Estimate: $40-$60.

and 1-3/4" in diameter.

1749. Lot of 8 lead fishing (?) weights. 19-35 grams each, about 1/2"-1-1/8" long and 3/8"-5/8" in diameter. These are basically big, lead beads, 7 cylindrical ones and one spherical, with holes through their centers, light veneer of encrustation against darkgray surfaces. Estimate: $40-$60.

1750. Lot of 4 bronze buckles. 7-9 grams each, 1" to 1-5/8" to a Four different types of medium-sized buckles, mostly brown in color but a couple with orange encrustation and green patina, all intact and somewhat detailed. Estimate: $100-$150.

side.

1751. Sundry bronze lot consisting of a spoon (bowl broken) with fist at end of handle, a second spoon (bowl only) and a nesting cup-weight. Spoon 31 grams and 5" long; spoon bowl 17 grams and 3-1/4" long; cup-weight 13 grams and 3/8" x 7/ 8". Three recognizable items in patinated and lightly encrusted

1746. Large lead sounding weight. 14-1/4 lb, 10-1/4" tall and 3" in diameter. Very tall, slender weight with 6 sides, big loop at top, large hole (not just a depression) in the bottom where wax was placed to take sand samples at the same time (the hole now filled with a big oyster), wonderfully white and encrusted all over, probably the biggest sounding lead we have ever offered. Estimate: $125-$200.

1747. Small lead sounding weight. 940 grams, A slender cone in shape, with small hole at top and one near crude bottom (exiting in the bottom) whose purpose in unknown, somewhat encrusted (big patch near bottom). Estimate: $80-$120.

5-1/2" tall and 1-1/2" in diameter.

bronze, the fist motif at the end of the spoon with thumb between the index and middle fingers, an obscene gesture today but considered good luck in the 1600s and 1700s. Estimate: $70-$100.

1752. Lot of 2 whole bronze spikes and 1 broken piece of a spike. Whole spikes: 217 and 79 grams, 7-1/2" and 5-1/4" long; broken piece: 39 grams, 2-1/4" long.

Standard, straight spikes with square shank (used to nail the ship together), the larger intact one with round head and the smaller one with square head, all dark in color but with light-green patina. Estimate: $25-$40.

286

1753. Lot of earthenware olive-jar neck and shards. 2-1/2 lb total. One intact neck with barnacles attached and two goodly

portions of the sides of large vessels used for holding liquids and foodstuffs. Estimate: $35-$50.

Guadalupe-Tolosa, sunk in 1724 in Samaná Bay, 1755. Earthenware olive jar, perfectly intact. 7 lb 15.8 oz, 12" tall and 8" in diameter. Small, spherical and perfectly intact jar, with Dominican Republic

mostly tan surfaces ranging from tan to white to pinkish to greenish due to encrustation and staining, old scratches on shoulder, nice display. Estimate: $350-$500.

1754. Earthenware olive jar, perfectly intact. 6 lb 13.8 oz, 10" Small, spherical and perfectly intact jar, whitish in color with just one small area of rusty encrustation, blue-green hue near top and inside lip that might have been original paint, great for display. Estimate: $350-$500. tall and 8" in diameter.

1756. Earthenware olive jar, perfectly intact. 7 lb 2.8 oz, 11" tall and 8" in diameter. Small, spherical and perfectly intact jar, very

white in surface color but with rusty stains and traces of original, shiny, gray-green paint near top and inside the rim, great display.

Estimate: $350-$500.

“Ca Mau wreck,” sunk ca. 1723-35 off Vietnam 1757. Lot of 8 pieces (4 one-handled teacups and 4 small saucers) of Chinese blue-on-white porcelain, Kangxi period. Cups 60-64 grams each, 21/4" tall and 2-1/4" in diameter; saucers 67-74 grams each and 3-14/” tall and 4" in diameter.

This is a perfectly matched set in top quality from a wreck that has yielded many such items since it was discovered and salvaged off Cape Ca Mau in 1998, all Kangxi porcelains that are identical to what was found on the Spanish 1715- and 1733-Fleet wrecks (intact specimens from those sites being exceedingly rare and popular). All 8 items in this set show two women watching a man climbing a tree above a house, the first specimens of this design we have offered (but shown on page 143 of the book about this wreck, a photocopy of which is provided for illustrative purposes), the blue color vivid under full glaze, no chips or cracks or encrustation. Estimate: $500-$750.

287

1733 Fleet, Florida Keys

1758. Large pewter spoon. 354 grams, 16" long. Effectively a big 1762. Wooden knife handle. ladle with long, thin handle terminating in a flattish end, the bowl typically oval-shaped, 100% intact but thickly encrusted with white coral and spots of pink and some rust, some areas of clean pewter peeking through. Estimate: $100-$150.

15 grams, 3-3/4" long. Very light (somewhat porous) and ornately engraved, with thin metal ring at blade end, about 31/2" long and 1" in diameter overall, lightly repaired. Estimate: $125-$200.

1759. Most of small pewter bowl and a porcelain shard.

Bowl 104 grams and 3-3/4" in diameter, shard 17 grams and 2" long. The

bowl almost complete but missing about half of the side, with ample white encrustation against dullgray surfaces, the shard with some blue and even red with very light spots of encrustation (particularly on the breaks). From the “Coffins Patch” site, with 2005 photo-certificate from the diver.

Estimate: $60-$90.

1763. Curved leather liner for a cartridge box. 6.4 grams, 8-5/ 8" long and 1" wide. A thin strip of

leather embossed on one side with a small diamond pattern, perfectly intact for what it is (rare to see leather survive). Estimate: $60-$90.

Unidentified 1700s wreck in the Caribbean

Vliegenthart , sunk in 1735 off Zeeland, the Netherlands

1760. Intact, wire-wrapped cutlass handle/grip. 65 grams, 4" long. Perfectly intact and ornate (very well preserved), about 4" long and 1" in diameter, the wire made up of small braids and tightly wrapped around a wooden core, very rare in this condition. Estimate: $250-$375.

1761. Clay smoking pipe with maker’s mark. 14.5 grams, 5" long, with 3/4"-diameter bowl. Perfectly preserved pipe with most of stem intact, small patch of brownish encrustation, tiny engrailing around rim and “WS” mark on base (made in Gouda

by Arent Willemsz Bremmert, 1709-1768), a fairly common artifact but practically unheard-of in this condition from a wreck. Estimate: $150-$275.

1764. Large bronze religious medallion depicting Santa Teresa, 1600s-1700s. 28.1 grams, roughly 2" x 1-3/4". Much larger than the usual medallion, boldly detailed despite minor corrosion (nice brassy color), the design with mother and child (Mary and Jesus) on the obverse and PROTECTO CARMELO in the legend and Santa Teresa on the reverse with SM TERESA in the legend and ROMA in exergue, significant as commemorating the 16th-century Spanish saint, Carmelite nun and Catholic reformer who founded many new convents throughout Spain and became the Patroness of Spain.

Estimate: $200-$300.

288

Bid LIVE on the internet at www.iCollector.com/sedwick

Princess Louisa, sunk in 1743 off the Cape Verde Tilbury, sunk in 1757 off Nova Scotia, Canada Islands, west of Africa

1765. Large bronze mortar. 6-1/2 lb, 4-1/2" tall and 6" wide at top. 1768. Lot of 7 pieces of English brass musket furniture A substantial artifact from a well-known wreck with original pedigree, this piece is nearly intact, with just two chips in the rim (one small, one large) and lateral spots that appear to be where the metal melted away (was the ship on fire?), the rest of it an even coppery-bronze color with flat base and nice “ring” (like a bell). Pedigreed to the Sotheby’s (London) auction of December 19, 2000, lot #542. Estimate: $350-$500.

(trigger guards and side plates). 258 grams total, each about 1" to 6" long. Various pieces of the brass trappings of a standard musket, in fact the only parts to survive the immersion, with holes where nails and screws once fastened them to the wood, 3 of the pieces cleaned and brassy but the other 5 green and crusty (as found), rare provenance. Estimate: $200-$300.

Hollandia, sunk in 1743 off the Scilly Isles, southwest Auguste, sunk in 1761 off Nova Scotia, Canada of England 1769. Small glass seal with two-headed eagle

1766. Ornate wooden knife handle.

design. 3.0 grams, 5/8" in diameter. A round, buttonlike object with glass seal of the double-headed eagle design usually attributed to the Habsburg dynasty embedded in a metal bezel, used for embossing wax on letters, the bezel itself broken into several pieces but the glass part intact and still usable. With certificate from the salvagers.

Estimate: $150-$225.

30.4 grams, 3-1/2" long.

Perfectly preserved (just one small crack) cylindrical handle with hole and slot at small end where the knife blade went, the wood intact and ornately engraved but the iron blade long since oxidized away. With Hiron certificate. Estimate: $125-$200.

Royal George, sunk in 1782 off Spithead, England

Bredenhof, sunk in 1753 off Mozambique 1767. Bottom (pontil) of a black-glass “onion” bottle and 3 loose clumps, at least one of which contains Dutch East India Co. copper duits (coins) of 1752. 282 grams total. A motley lot whose main components are the bottom of an onion bottle and 2 copper coins, the remains of a larger clump of coins around the glass piece, interesting in that you get to see the acidified interior of the glass, the pontil also encrusted with white, wormy coral, a very curious artifact to be sure. With original certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $50-$75.

1770. Bronze replica cannon made from gunmetal recovered from the wreck ca. 1840. 3 lb 2.1 oz, 10" long. The original bronze cannons from this famous wreck were brought up in 1839-43 and melted down to make functional, scale-model replicas like this one, with “Relic of the ROYAL GEORGE, Sunk 1782, Raised 1840” engraved between the trunnions, dark and shiny old bronze color, a scarce and valuable memorial.

Estimate: $1,200-$1,800.

289

Hartwell, sunk in 1787 off the Cape Verde Islands, west of Africa 1771. Lead seal with English (United) East India Co. monogram. 12 grams, 1-1/2" tall. Large seal with bold design consisting of the usual heart-shaped logo of the East India Co. with E to left, I to right, V at top and C at bottom, encrusted with orange sediment all over. With original certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $75-$150.

Unidentified late-1700s wreck in the English Channel 1772. Lot of buttons, buckles and a clay pipe bowl.

Inexpensive mixed lot of small wreck items, the buttons and buckles with some design and nicely preserved but dark, the pipe white and in perfect condition (just no stem), which is rare for such an item from a wreck. Estimate: $35-$50.

About 88 grams total.

Unidentified late-1700s/early-1800s wreck off Indonesia 1773. Small, brass-plated iron (?) signal cannon. 7 lb, 14" long. Long, low-caliber signaling cannon (more like a pistol without a grip), corroded and very rusty and patinated but with traces of bright brass peeking out.

Estimate: $300-$450.

Unidentified late-1700s/early-1800s wreck off Jolo, Sulu, southwest Mindanao (Zamboanga area, known as the Paticul site), Philippines

1774. Huge, uncleaned, blue-on-white Chinese porcelain bowl with dragon motif. 7-1/4 lb, 15" in diameter and 2-1/2" tall. An absolutely immense and beautiful platter with 2"-deep bowl and 1" scalloped rim, the central design a large and fancy dragon surrounded by leafy branches and grass on rim, flowers and leaves on exterior, light orange (unglazed) base, 100% intact but still covered with wormy coral and barnacles (as found), probably museum quality if judiciously cleaned. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

1775. Tall, uncleaned, blue-on-white Chinese porcelain jar and lid with floral motif. 972 grams, 11" tall and 4" in diameter. Basically

a tall vase with hemispherical base and lid, the exterior of the vase and base completely covered with vines and leaves and flowers in deep blue color, 6 flowers in panels at top matching a similar 6-panel floral motif on the lid, which has a cute little blue-tipped knob on the top, all in perfect condition but with a fine coating of gray sediment (especially inside) and a few oyster “footprints,� eminently cleanable for museum quality but nice as it is for display. Estimate: $700-$1,000.

290

1776. Partially cleaned, bulbous blue-on-white Chinese porcelain vase with floral motif, rare form. 642 grams, 9" tall and 5" in diameter. Really more Arabic than Chinese in shape, this rare vase has a wide, round body tapering to a long neck with cup-and-saucer shaped lip, 4 floral panels on body and mostly leaves elsewhere, single leaf in center of base, lightly cleaned so that just a small amount of tan worms and film remains, very vivid and beautiful, 100% intact. Estimate: $700-$1,000.

1777. Blue-on-white Chinese porcelain jar and lid with human and floral motif and rare symbol on base. 590 grams, 8-1/2" tall and 3-1/2" in diameter. Very interesting specimen with opposite-facing man and woman in back-to-back panels on two sides with potted flowers in panels in between, 6 floral panels above matching similar panels on lid, somewhat football-shaped overall with deep base and top, cut blue knob on lid, beaded necklace symbol on base (rare), traces of encrustation only, very pretty and fit for the finest collections.

Estimate: $600-$900.

1778. Uncleaned blue-on-white Chinese porcelain dish with water-bird motif. 1235 grams, 11" in diameter and 1-1/2" tall. A shallow (1" deep) bowl with scalloped rim (3/4" wide), with goose-like bird in center walking in a marsh, vines and flowers around that and grassy stuff on rim, matching vines and flowers on exterior and also in the glazed, 2-part base (normally plain) that features in the center 6 Chinese characters that backdate the piece to Ming Dynasty (commonly done throughout the Qing period), perfectly intact and beautiful but encrusted all over with worms and shells and dark residue, certainly could be museum quality if properly cleaned. Estimate: $600-$900.

1779. Uncleaned blue-on-white Chinese porcelain dish with waterbird motif. 1003 grams, 10" in diameter and 1-1/2" tall. Shallow bowl (1" deep) with scalloped rim (3/4" wide), the vivid central design showing 2 ducks floating in a pond with a water plant, vines and flowers around that and scrollwork on rim, more vines and flowers on exterior, unglazed base, intact except for 2 small chips in the rim, covered with oyster “footprints� and wormy coral, eminently cleanable but neat as it is for a shipwreck display.

Estimate: $300-$450.

1780. Uncleaned blue-on-white Chinese porcelain dish with floral motif.

939 grams, 10" in diameter and 2" tall. Basically a bowl (1-1/2" deep) with scalloped

(1" wide) rim, the center showing peony flowers with leaves and branches, similar design around that and diamond-shaped panels on the rim, a series of 13 squarish panels on the exterior under a curious rusty orange coating from being near iron, plain (unglazed) base, encrusted all over with white worms and just a couple barnacles and oysters, rather attractive as a display but surely cleanable for museum quality. Estimate: $500-$750.

Leocadia, sunk in 1800 off Punta Santa Elena, Ecuador 1781. Lot of 3 lead musketballs. 79.9 grams total, each 5/8" in diameter. Three standard-issue balls, very common but always popular and perfectly intact. Estimate: $25-$50.

291

Roberts, sunk in 1810 off Ft. Pierce, Florida 1782. Lot of 2 English black glass bottles, one not from the wreck. Encrusted one 555 grams, 10" tall and 1-3/4" Two different bottles, one tall and heavily encrusted with thin coral and cast with gently sloping sides and deep, flat pontil, the other a standard cylinder bottle with some pearly surfaces and typical pontil, both a dull medium green in color. The Roberts was one of many victims of an 1810 hurricane off Ft. Pierce. Estimate: $50-$75. in diameter; other one 389 grams, 9-1/4" tall and 2-1/2" in diameter.

“Coconut wreck,” sunk ca. 1810 in deep water off Bermuda

1783. Ebony octant with brass fixtures and maker’s name. 643 grams, about 13" x 11-1/4". One of the most significant objects recovered from this wreck, its wooden frame amazingly intact (only a little bit of the surface eroded), with the ivory measurement bar at the bottom dark but readable, and the ivory inlay in the middle also dark but engraved with SPENCER BROWNING & RUST LONDON (a well-known manufacturer of navigational instruments from 1784 to 1840), the brass index arm missing but with full sight at top (now held on by Velcro) and other brass pieces on both sides, very rare and a key item in possibly identifying the ship as an English trader. Featured prominently on the DVD about the salvage. Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.

1784. Green-glass bottle marked LONDON. 120.4 grams, 5-3/4" tall and 1-1/2" to a side. A significant artifact for attributing the nationality of this wreck and remarkably intact, a straight-sided bottle of square crosssection with rolled lip and 1" opening at top for stopper, one side boldly embossed LONDON, the glass a very light green with minute encrustation inside, a lovely and unique specimen. Featured prominently on the DVD about the salvage. Estimate: $400-$600.

292

1785. Wooden flintlock pistol grip. 132 grams, 13" long. There was much excitement (as seen on the DVD) when this pistol was found, but by the time it was finished with conservation, all that was left was this wooden stock, a bit eroded but fundamentally intact, with channels where the flintlock, trigger, barrel, buttplate and various inlays once fit, now not only a significant artifact from an important wreck but also somewhat educational in showing how such guns were made. Featured prominently on the DVD about the salvage. Estimate: $600-$900.

1786. Wooden pulley wheel. 221.9 grams, 4-1/2" in diameter and 3/4" thick. Simple wooden disk with hole in center, once the central roller of a pulley, now eroded and spongy but still recognizable and one of very few artifacts recovered from this wreck.

Estimate: $125-$200.

1787. Wooden saw handle. 216.9 grams, roughly 7-1/4" x 4-1/2" x 3/4". Easily identifiable as the curvy handle of an iron saw, the blade of course long gone but the wooden part almost completely intact (small part of grip slightly eroded), one of very few artifacts recovered from this wreck. Estimate: $125-$200.

HMS Victory, retired in 1812 and now a museum in Portsmouth, England

1788. Silver and wood snuff/tobacco box dated 1805 (Battle of Trafalgar). 99 grams, 4" x 2-1/2" x 1". The silver plaque on top of this box says it all: “The Oak of this Box is part of a plank which was severed from the Starboard Gunnel of the VICTORY by a 36th shot, in the Glorious Battle off TRAFALGAR Octr 21st, 1805.� Somewhat rectangular, with wood on top and bottom (mostly dark but one part very light) framed in silver, velvet lining inside, excellent condition and of fabulous historical importance to Britons. Estimate: $500-$750.

1788 293

1791. Large Chinese blue-on-white porcelain plate.

906

grams, 11" in diameter and 2" tall. Big plate that is loaded with design,

1789. Nail and wood from the ship in a shadow box accompanied by a miniature print of Nelson. 1027 grams overall, the box 13-1/2" x 11-1/2" x 2" and the picture 3" in diameter.

Normally wood and nails are fairly insignificant items, but the specimens in this lot are of high historical importance as being from the original construction of Commodore Nelson’s flagship (retired from service in 1812), the wood a 3-1/2" sawedoff section mounted above the 5-1/2" square-shank nail on a red-felt mat with plaque that says ORIGINAL OAK AND DECK SPIKE / TAKEN FROM / NO.2 H.M.S. VICTORY NO.2 inside a glass-and-wood frame with official certificate on back. The accompanying miniature in round glass frame is from a modern (but retired) series by Peter Bates showing a young (early 20s) Nelson in “Post Captain” uniform. With official certificate of authenticity hand-signed by David Harris, Lieutenant Commander in the Royal Navy and Commanding Officer of the HMS Victory. Estimate: $350-$500.

1792. Large Chinese blue-on-white porcelain plate.

Diana, sunk in 1817 off Malaysia

1790. Large Chinese blue-on-white porcelain plate.

hard to describe but more or less a 7-berry cluster with sunburst and coils, repeating 6 times around edge and 1 and 4 halves in center, 4 simple flowers on the exterior, unglazed base that has a few white sea-growths, 100% intact and beautiful. With Christie’s auction lot sticker #412/26. Estimate: $200-$300.

831

grams, 11" in diameter and 2" tall. Vivid

geometric design in center and 4 rows of simple vertical slashes around edge, 4 small scribbles for exterior design, unglazed base, big and beautiful and 100% intact, the glaze just a bit faded. With Christie’s auction lot sticker #412/26. Estimate: $200-$300.

864

grams, 11" in diameter and 1-3/4" tall. Beautiful big plate, 100% intact,

1793. Small glass dish, oval shape, patterned edge. 154 grams,

with vivid geometric design in center and 4 rows of simple vertical slashes around edge, 4 small scribbles for exterior design, unglazed base. With Christie’s auction lot sticker #412/26.

Estimate: $200-$300.

3" x 2-1/4" x 1". A very shallow dish in very thick crystal glass with translucent sides in a ribbed pattern, frosted bottom and bowl, intact except for minor chips, scarce provenance. With Christie’s auction lot sticker #446 and auction flyer. Estimate: $50$75.

294

1794. Small glass dish, oval shape, plain edge. 116 grams, 3-1/4" x 2-1/4" x 1-1/2". Tall, straight-sided dish with thin and slightly scalloped sides, asterisk pattern on bottom, all the glass somewhat opaque, intact except for minor chips, scarce provenance. With Christie’s auction lot sticker #497 and auction flyer. Estimate: $50-$75.

Britannia, sunk in 1826 off South Africa 1795. English black glass wine bottle with original wine still inside. 1115 grams, 10" tall and 4" in diameter. A straight-sided bottle with 1" pontil and 3" neck, very dark brown in color with light encrustation here and there (much of it in the pontil), the cork sealed with wax to keep the liquid contents intact, rare thus. The Britannia was outbound to India when she hit an uncharted reef and sank on October 22, 1826, in a part of St. Helena Bay off South Africa. The site was found and salvaged in 1997-1998, its artifacts remarkably well preserved by sand burial. Estimate: $100-$150.

Unidentified 1820s wreck in the western Atlantic

1796. Large iron carronade (British, 1780s-1820s). 700 lb (+/-), 48" end to end, 13" widest diameter, 18" wide at trunnions, 3-1/2" bore, 5" cascabel with 2-1/2" handle. A

short, fat, and extremely heavy iron cannon used for short-range combat, 100% intact (full cascabel and trunnions) and with some original surfaces although of course quite rusty, bits of encrustation here and there, not professionally conserved but very solid and stable, a great conversation piece for your front yard or office lobby! Estimate: $1,500-$2,500.

1797. Large iron anchor with piece of chain. 200 lb (+/-), 92" end to end, flukes 50" end to end and 12" wide, shank 77" long and 21/2" to 3" in diameter, chain piece 10" x 7". A very large ship’s anchor (first we have ever offered), impressively intact (missing half of the top ring only), with full crown and flukes at bottom, that part curiously cocooned in grayish encrustation (loaded with big shells), the shank mostly exposed iron (rusty but stable), not professionally conserved but very solid and an awesome display for your front yard! Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

295

Unidentified early-1800s wreck

1800s Dutch wreck 1801. Small, clear-glass mug. 49 grams, 1-7/ Very strange item made of opaque and beautifully pearlized glass in the shape of a miniature mug, its purpose and exact time period unknown (shotglass?) but with light veneer of encrustation inside from its time in the sea. Estimate: $50-$75.

8" tall and 1-1/4" in diameter.

1798. Lot of 3 bronze spikes. 881 grams and 12" long; 359 grams Three hefty, solid, roundshank spikes, the larger 2 copper-brown in color with lots of green patina and some white coral encrustation, the smallest dark and only slightly patinated. Estimate: $30-$45. and 8-1/2" long; 277 grams and 7" long.

“Varandinha wreck,” sunk ca. 1850 off the Cape Verde Islands, west of Africa

Duoro, sunk in 1843 off the Scilly Isles, southwest of England

1802. Lot of small brass items (2 handles and 2 buttons).

Two simple, C-shaped drawer handles and 2 buttons, each with 4 holes and embossed with the words WARRANTED NOT TO CUT, pointing to a possible British origin for this wreck, which is completely unidentified but believed to have been plying the East India trade in the mid1800s. With Arqueonautas certificate #BOA-018/01/16660,02.

Estimate: $35-$50.

42.8 grams total.

1799. Lot of 2 bronze “manillas” (slave bracelets) with promotional box. 78.1 and 73.4 grams. Two small and typically cshaped torques with flat ends, the surfaces attractively patinated and encrusted with white and brown crud, common but popular items that were being shipped to Africa to trade for slaves.

With generic certificate and plain cardboard box imprinted with “Manilla from Schooner ‘Duoro’ sunk 1843" on top. Estimate: $50-$75.

Birkenhead, sunk in 1852 off South Africa 1803. Section of ship’s wood (worn) with bronze

1840s English wreck in the Bahamas (near the spike inside it, rare “Tumbaga wreck”) provenance. 408 grams, 7-3/4"

1800. Lidded copper cooking pot. 3 lb 13 oz, 10" in diameter and 4" tall. A complete pot with flat bottom, 2 handles on sides and

one in center of lid (all 3 of a simple wire design), 100% intact (just a crack or two in the rim of the lid) and nicely patinated all over (some rust stains), a sizable and impressive shipwreck artifact. Estimate: $100-$150.

long. A common, roundshank spike with worn piece of dark and patinated wood adhering, rare as the first artifact we have ever offered from the paddlewheel steamer Birkenhead, which wrecked and sank quickly off Danger Point, South Africa, in February of 1852, and is famous for starting the traditional of “woman and children first” in terms of who was rescued from the disaster. With original certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $50-$75.

296

“Fort Capron treasure,” lost in 1857 in the surf near RMS Empress of Ireland, sunk in 1914 off Quebec Ft. Pierce, Florida 1807. Center portion of a Minton porcelain plate. 223 grams, roughly 6" in diameter and 3/8" thick. The Empress of Ireland was a 1804. Brass shako (plume holder) from a Second Seminole Indian War-period (1835-42) infantry dress hat. 7 grams, 2-3/8" long and 1" at its widest. This is basically four long “leaves” of ornately engraved brass tapering to a narrow hole into which a plume was inserted, the brass now quite fragile and lacquered, rare artifact from a sinking that is associated with the loss of a $23,000 payroll during the Third Seminole Indian War in Florida. Estimate: $100-$150.

S.S. Dakota, sunk in 1877 off Wales 1805. Unopened bottle of Lubin perfume.

Cute little bottle, cylindrical with stopper in top sealed shut to keep in the original perfume, the first and only artifact we have ever had from this obscure wreck, a transatlantic steamer bound for New York from Liverpool that ran aground and sank off Anglesey, Wales, on May 9, 1877, and was salvaged by divers in 1998. With certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $75-$150.

110.3 grams, 4" tall and 1-1/2" in diameter.

Royal Mail ship that operated in conjunction with the Canadian Pa c i f i c Railway in the St. Lawrence River, where she was rammed in heavy fog by another ship and sunk in May of 1914, to the demise of over 1000 people, in fact Canada’s worst maritime disaster. This plate shard, the first artifact we have ever offered from this important wreck, shows a very clear seal of the Canadian Pacific Railway in the center against white fields, plus a modicum of the outer pattern of leaves and berries, the underside with the mark of the manufacturer (Minton) and serial number H 15 15. With 2004 certificate from the diver. Estimate: $80-$120.

RMS Aurania, sunk in 1918 off Scotland 1808. Lot of 3 silver teaspoons marked CUNARD and Elkington Plate. 71 grams total, 5" long.

RMS Moselle, sunk in the early 1890s off Punta Brujas (Caribbean coast), Panama

Simple, understated spoons with clear markings on bottom, bright silver in excellent condition (no corrosion), rare provenance. The Aurania was a World War I troop carrier torpedoed by German U-boats off Ireland on February 4, 1918, and subsequently near the Island of Mull, Scotland, after being towed there, her silver room (which held these spoons) not reached by salvagers until 1980. Estimate: $40-$60.

1809. Lot of 2 silver forks marked CUNARD and

1806. Silver warming-dish lid with two Royal Mail Steam Packet Company seals. 581 grams, 9-1/4" in diameter and 1-1/2" tall. Large and impressive lid from a silver serving set (fineness unknown, possibly plated), the top of it cleaned but tarnished and missing the finger-handle in the middle but showing the company seal on the sloped side above the encrusted rim, the underside completely encrusted (grayish white), intact and impressive, rare provenance from which coins are not available (nor ever expected to be). Accompanied by an 1894 poem written by James Stanley Gilbert entitled “To Blame” specifically about this wreck.

Estimate: $200-$300.

Elkington Plate, plus one silver knife marked Sheffield/ Alexander Clark STAINLESS (on the blade). Forks: 49 grams each, 7" long; knife: 80 grams, 10" long. Simple, understated silverware with clear markings (the knife also with a flag for the Cunard line), bright silver in excellent condition (no corrosion), rare provenance. The Aurania was a World War I troop carrier torpedoed by German U-boats off Ireland on February 4, 1918, and subsequently sunk near the Island of Mull, Scotland, after being towed there, her silver room (which held this silverware) not reached by salvagers until 1980. Estimate: $40-$60.

297

Andrea Doria, sunk in 1956 off Massachusetts 1810. Silver-plated spoon. 18.7 grams, 5-1/2" long. The New York-bound Italian luxury liner Andrea Doria famously sank after a collision off the coast of Nantucket, Massachusetts in 1956, in effect closing the era of transatlantic travel by ship (planes being preferred ever since). Today the Doria is known as the “Mount Everest of scuba diving,” for its depth of well over 150 feet requires mixed gas and staged decompression, not to mention the frigidity of the water and dangerous currents, and also falling rigging and fishermen’s nets. The few artifacts available today from this wreck, like the spoon we offer here (simple and unadorned, still shiny and intact except for the core of the handle, which is corroded away), must be appreciated not only for the initial tragedy but also for the difficulty with which they were obtained. With 2005 certificate from the diver. Estimate: $60-$90.

NON-SHIPWRECK ARTIFACTS Pre-Columbian

Found at a Spanish colonial site in the southern Caribbean, ca. 1590 1811. Ecuadorian copper-arsenic 1814. Large gold filigree earring

“hacha,” attributed to the Cañari people, 1300-1500 AD, rare. 16.4 grams, 3-1/4" x 3".

Small, scraper-shaped, native American trade item, typically well patinated with flecks of actual gold, dark brown copper color underneath. With Bob Marx photo-certificate.

Estimate: $150-$225.

with pearl. 6.8 grams, 1-3/4" long. A very impressive and wonderfully preserved baroque jewel consisting of a spherical cage of high-grade gold studded with 10 tiny pearls (the top part swivels) and sockets for 2 more that are missing, with ring at top and (best of all) large pearl freely suspended from the bottom, believed to be an earring in its day but now perfectly suited for a spectacular necklace-pendant.

Estimate: $2,500-$3,750.

1812. Ecuadorian copper-arsenic “hacha,” attributed to the Cañari people, 1300-1500 AD, rare. 13.6 grams, 3" x 2-7/8". Small, scrapershaped, native American trade item, completely green and crusty all over with flecks of actual gold, pretty piece. With Bob Marx photo-certificate. Estimate: $150-$225.

1813. Ecuadorian copper-arsenic “hacha,” attributed to the Cañari people, 1300-1500 AD, rare. 2.4 grams, 1-7/8" x 1-3/4". Very small, scrapershaped, native American trade item, very thin and cracked, nicely patinated all over and with actual flecks of gold, very cute. With Bob Marx photo-certificate. Estimate: $150-$225.

1815. Gold-wire earring or toothpick. 0.8 gram, about 1" long. A simple, hook-shaped piece of highgrade gold wire with lower-gauge and lower-fineness gold wire attached to a loop at top, with piece broken off near loop, possibly used as a toothpick (as the pointed end is sharp).

Estimate: $150-$225.

1816. Lot of 3 gold beads and piece of coiled gold wire. 1.0 gram, the beads about 3/16" in diameter. Plain spherical beads and simple, stretched-out coil of wire, all small but in what appears to be high-grade gold.

Estimate: $80-$120.

1817. Ornate silver thimble. 5.9 grams, 3/4" tall and 5/8" in diameter. This must have been the Cadillac of thimbles, common artifacts of the time but rarely seen in thick, heavy, bright, ornamental silver as seen here, a 3-paneled triangular floral pattern, with light toning only, small spot of green encrustation inside. Estimate: $100-$300.

298

1818. Lot of 5 bronze thimbles. 27.0 grams total, each about 3/4" in diameter and 1/2" to 1" tall. The more common kind of thimble in bronze, all intact but a couple thin (the others very solid), varying sizes, one with open tip, and one nicely patinated.

Estimate: $50-$75.

1821. Glass-bead necklace. 15 grams total, about 18" long. A wealth of small, mostly dark blue beads strung together with some multi-color zigzags and 6 light-blue tubes, great variety of types.

Estimate: $200-$300.

1819. Lot of 3 ornate, bronze, filigree beads (plus half of another) with blue enamel. 40 grams total, each about 3/4" in diameter. Three ornate, spherical beads that are mostly dark copper in color but show traces of original blue enamel, plus a broken half of a fourth bead of different design caked with orange sediment inside. Estimate: $40-$60.

1822. Large bronze medallion depicting battle scene (Granada?). 52.6 grams, 2-1/2" in diameter. Very ornate object of unknown purpose, with convex center showing 2 mounted fighters with oval shields facing each other above a man fending off lions with his bare hands, series of octopus-like pomegranates around the flat rim with one hole on each side, dark brown in color with hints of pink, probably an important piece in its time. Estimate: $100-$1,000.

1823.

1820. Glass-bead necklace. 40 grams total, about 14" long. Mostly thin, tubular beads in vivid light-blue color, the remaining beads in a variety of shapes and sizes, the principal one of which is red and white and blue in a zigzag pattern, a nice sampling of different types. Estimate: $200-$300.

Copper-alloy Nuremburg counting jeton. 1.4 grams, 1" in diameter.

Thin token with 4 fleur-delis in a diamond shape on one side, ship on other side made to imitate the English gold “noble� series, an exact match with one on page 258 of Deagan’s book Artifacts of the Spanish Colonies (Volume 2), this specimen thin and corroded with lots of green patina and chips in edge. Estimate: $40-$60.

299

1824. Small, Italian, lead seal

1829. Lot of 2 large, brass

with Latin lettering. 1.5 grams, about 1" in diameter. Very thin seal, dark but with light encrustation, crudely holed at top, with bold lettering in 3 lines as follows: GIOVAII / DELAII / INTREV / II. Estimate: $25-$40.

balance-scale pans (bowls).

404 grams total, each about 2-1/4" tall and 7-1/4" in diameter. Two

large bowls, each with 3 small holes around the top for suspending from a large balance scale, intact except for a small break on one bowl, both with crusty patina. Estimate: $50-$75.

1830. Lot of 7 bronze coin weights. 78 grams total, 1/2" to 1" 1825. Ornate ivory or bone toothpick. 2.4 grams, 3-3/4" long.

Straight stick of whitish material with one end needle sharp and the other end flat (for scraping), twisted design near center for getting a good grip, perfectly intact and usable. Estimate: $50-$75.

1826. Ivory or bone gaming die. 0.6 gram, This is an exact match with lot #1528 in our last sale (which sold for $85 + 15%), a tiny cube with incuse pips filled with sediment, each side a bit sunken, very cute.

Estimate: $60-$90.

1/4" to a side.

each. Seven small, thick disks marked with circular stamps on one side to show the weight, all dark and patinated except the largest one, which is clean brass and bears an additional “V” punch, which is scarce.

Estimate: $100-$150.

1831. Lot of 7 small, gilt-bronze buttons. 25.3 grams, each about 3/8" in diameter. Spherical buttons in shiny gold with some design, the surfaces somewhat encrusted and patinated from the bronze, neat little artifacts.

Estimate: $50-$75.

1827. Lot of 8 small pieces of ornately carved ebony. 5.8 grams total, 1/4" to 3/4" each.

Buttons and beads and little ornaments handcarved from jet-black wood, all intact but small.

Estimate: $40-$60.

1832. Small clay whistle. 9.6 grams, 1-1/2" long and Chalky, whitish cylinder with holes in top and one end, light brown encrustation, no design visible. Estimate: $40-$60.

3/4" in diameter.

1828. Very rare complete set of bronze nested weights with lid and case. 880 grams total, 2" tall and 2-1/2" in diameter. A complete and well-matched set from at least 2 different makers, whose marks B Z E R R A (Bezerra) and ALON /GUTS (Alonso Gutierrez) appear inside 3 of the cups (with less decipherable marks in others), of which there are 8 in all plus a small plug, but the best (and rarest) part is the complete, lidded case with handle (the latch broken off but included), mostly dark brown but some brassy color with patina.

Estimate: $250-$375.

1833. Earthenware olive jar neck with merchant symbols. 115.4 grams, 1-3/4" tall and 4-1/4" in diameter. A typical round neck but atypically with two bold stamps that look like AYL in monogram (upside down), light salmon color. Estimate: $50-$75.

1834. Earthenware olive jar neck with merchant symbols. 212.5 grams, 1-3/4" tall and 4" in diameter. A typical round neck but atypically with bold “f ” stamp, light tan with hints of green. Estimate: $50-$75.

1835. Earthenware olive jar neck with merchant symbols. 108.7 grams, 1-3/4" tall and 4" in diameter. Typical neck boldly stamped with crosshatch mark and monogrammed signature, both deep and filled with contrasting sediment against pinkish base color, very impressive. Estimate: $50-$75.

300

1840. Lot of 1 iron

1836. Spanish majolica plate, broken and partially repaired. 204 grams, about 7" in diameter and 1-1/4" tall. Small plate with 1/2" deep bowl and 1" wide rim, light blue with dark blue and yellow accents glazed onto tan earthenware base, several shards reassembled and glued (some pieces missing), far from intact but still pretty and good for display. Estimate: $30-$45.

padlock and 3 iron keys. 243 grams total.

Typical triangular lock (also see lot #1687 from the Atocha) and 3 small keys for similar locks, all rusty and encrusted but solid and stable. Estimate: $60-$90.

1841. Lot of 1 iron padlock and 3 iron keys. 320 grams total.

Typical triangular lock (also see lot #1687 from the Atocha) and 3 small keys for similar locks, all rusty and encrusted but solid and stable. Estimate: $60-$90.

1837. Bronze keyhole and orante cover. 8.7 grams, 1-1/2" in diameter and 1/4" Plain, flat keyhole attached to roundish piece of similar diameter with leafy edge and raised center, reddish brown with green encrustation.

Estimate: $25-$40. thick.

1838. Set of 5 iron tools, including 1 hammer, 1 chisel, 1 long drill and 2 different sizes of axes. 1060 grams total, lengths of 4-1/2" to 14" each. Sort of a 16th-century toolkit without the wooden handles, all but the hammerhead (which is encrusted instead) very rusty yet all solid and sturdy, a bunch of weight in one lot but all 5 items recognizable and good for showing what standard tools looked like then.

Estimate: $60-$90.

1842. Section of 3 links of iron chain. 520 grams, 14" long. Three big figure-8 links chained together, all rusty and encrusted but solid and stable. Estimate: $25-$40.

1843. Lot of 12 bronze equestrian bridle rings of various sizes. 292 grams total.

Simple O-rings ranging in diameter from 1" to 2-1/4", one curiously red but the others all deep, dark brown and intact, used with leather straps as tackle for horses.

Estimate: $40-$60.

1844. Iron sword blade with blunted tip. 380 grams, 17-1/2" 1839. Large iron shears. 572 grams, 11" long. A massive pair of scissors with both handles and all but the tip of one blade intact, very simple in design, very rusty and encrusted but solid and stable. Estimate: $40-$60.

Obviously a sword blade, with rectangular ricasso and tapering tang, but the blunted tip gives it the impression of a small paddle or huge butter knife, rusty and encrusted but solid and stable. Estimate: $100-$150. long.

301

1850. Lead textile seal dated 1619.

1845. Lot of 5 iron cannonballs of different sizes. 182-920 grams each, diameters of 1-1/4" to 2-1/4". Five very solid and intact balls, but all rusty and corroded, still stable. Estimate: $60$90.

10 grams, about 3/4" in

diameter. Two sides with connecting ribbon, the “obverse” showing (ME)DIA above date 1619 and the partial reverse showing a crowned simple shield (lions and castles), well preserved, light brown in color with tan encrustation. With photo-certificate #97-4443. Estimate: $75$110.

1846. Small iron cannonball coated

1851. Lead textile seal dated 1624.

in lead. 419 grams, 2" in diameter. Very odd little ball with rusty iron peeking out of a T-shaped breach of the thin lead coating, probably applied to keep the ball from rusting away in its own time. Estimate: $35-$50.

Two sides with connecting ribbon, the “obverse” showing (M)EDIA above date 1624 and the partial reverse showing just the outer border of dots, crude but relatively well preserved, light brown in color with tan encrustation. With photocertificate #97-4445. Estimate: $75-$110.

8.0 grams, about 3/4" in diameter.

1847. Bronze “barbell” shot, rare. 41.8 grams, 21/2" long. Just like lot #1739 in this sale from the 1715 Fleet but in bronze instead of lead, this curious piece is basically two musketballs cast with a long connecting bar which, when shot out of a gun, would spin and foul lines or just do more damage in general, its surfaces now dark but with some reddish and brassy color peeking through.

Estimate: $50-$100.

1852. Lead textile seal dated 1640.

7.9 grams, about 3/4" in

Bold two-part seal with thick oval designs in centers housing a lion on one side and a castle on the other, both with date 1640 raised in the rim of the oval along with some letters (NED and SAY), nicely preserved, light brown in color with tan encrustation.

With photo-certificate #97-4447. Estimate: $75-$110. diameter.

1848. Lot of 9 lead

1853. Lead textile seal dated 1663.

musketballs. 156 grams,

Small but boldly detailed one-sided seal with prongs on back, the design showing a small castle in shield with date 16-63 flanking the crown above, whitish in color and light encrustation. With photo-certificate #974449. Estimate: $75-$110.

6.2 grams, about 3/4" in diameter.

diameters of 1/4" to 1/2" each.

Standard-issue balls in normal condition (dusty gray), cheap but popular items with retail potential.

Estimate: $40-$60.

From a mid-1600s Spanish colonial site in the southern From the sunken city of Port Royal, Jamaica Caribbean 1854. Black glass “case gin” bottle,

1849. Bronze Jew’s harp. 12 grams, 2" long. A small, personal musical instrument (like a 17th-century harmonica) that looks somewhat like a pair of tweezers cast in one piece with pointed ends, darkly patinated but intact. With photo-certificate #97-4419.

Estimate: $75-$110.

English, early 1800s. 693 grams, 10-1/2" tall and 3-1/4" to a side. Beautifully preserved and perfectly intact bottle with just a few scratches and specks of encrustation to show its age and origin, the glass a translucent olive color, “+” shape in shallow pontil, popular provenance. With Robert Marx certificate.

Estimate: $100-$150.

302

1855. Lot of 2 clay smoking pipe bowls, 1600s-1800s. 17.7 and 12.8 grams, each 2" long. Very clean and white and intact, just missing the stems, popular provenance. With Bob Marx photo-certificate. Estimate: $50-$75.

1856. Lot of 2 clay smoking pipe bowls, 1600s-1800s. 20.9 and 9.1 grams, each 2" long. One white and fat with no stem and chip in bowl, the other narrower and somewhat gray and with part of stem, both with base, popular provenance. With Bob Marx photocertificate. Estimate: $50-$75.

1857. Lot of 2 clay smoking pipe bowls, 1600s-1800s. 17.0 and 12.9 grams, 1-1/2" to 1-3/4" long. The larger one bright white with gray residue inside, the smaller one brownish gray all over, both intact, popular provenance. With Bob Marx photo-certificate.

Estimate: $50-$75.

Religious 1858. Bronze pilgrim’s badge (Order of the Holy Sepulchre) from France, 13th-14th century AD, rare. 2.4 grams, 2" x 1-1/4". Like a stick-pin with squarish cross-crosslet design, very lightly patinated, one of 2 found together at same site. Estimate: $100-$150.

1859. Bronze cross, probably French, 1600s.

3.2

grams, 1-3/4" x 1". Small, flat cross with Christ on front, Virgin Mary on back above CONCEPTION (not the way it would be spelled in Spanish or Italian), dull brass color underneath light patina, intact loop at top for wearing. With photo-certificate. Estimate: $80-$120.

1860. Bronze pilgrim’s cross from Europe, 12th13th century AD, scarce. 4.0 grams, 1-1/4" x 1". Small cross with large, oval-shaped holes in each arm (as made) and small hole at top for wearing, even brown color all over. Estimate: $80-$120.

Arms/armor/militaria 1861. Spanish steel cuphilt rapier, ca. 1600. 2 lb, 38" long.

Classic cuphilt design with lightly repaired cup, plain thickwire crossbar and knuckle-guard, simple steel finial for pommel past ringed grip in dark wood, the blade intact and sharp but with minor pitting, nice condition overall.

Estimate: $750-$1,100.

303

1862. German steel shellguard cutlass (1600s) with Solingen maker’s mark, very rare. 2-1/2 lb, 31" long. Very similar to the shellguard cutlass in our last sale, the type of sword preferred by pirates (as proven by engravings in contemporary books like Esquemeling’s The History of the Buccaneers of America), with wide, curved (and sharp!) blade, scallop-shell hand-guard, S-shaped crossbar with curved knuckle bar and thumb protector, wire-wrapped grip, flattened and striated pommel, the crescent moonshaped maker’s mark between two small crosses on the blade near the ricasso, superb condition for its age (no rust, very minor pitting, the tip of the blade sanded to remove a forging flaw), a very impressive artifact. Estimate: $2,500-$3,750.

1863. Cuphilt steel cutlass, possibly Spanish colonial, ca. 1790. 2-1/4 lb, 35" long. Wide, curved blade and spartan cuphilt with knuckle-guard and plain engraving, tortoiseshell grip (eroded away where pinky rests), all dark and a bit loose but intact and original. Estimate: $350$500.

1864. Midshipman’s knife and scabbard, English, ca. 1810.

234 grams, 20" long.

Long, thin, steel knife (sharp and intact, even with original shine) with bone handle and pommel capped with ornate brass lion’s head end, leather scabbard with brass reinforcements at tip and other end (with knob for fastening to belt), excellent condition and the first of its kind we have offered. Estimate: $250-$375.

1865. Boarding hatchet, early American (1800s). 632 grams, 15" long, 6-1/4" wide.

Simple 2-headed iron ax on a short, wooden handle, the blade end sharp (honed over the years) and the other end a flat point for use as a hammer or pick. Estimate: $125-$200.

304

1866. Flintlock pistol, English, ca. 1720 (Queen Anne period), with silver inlays and buttplate, marked and signed by maker Pierre Gandon (senior). 1 lb 8.8 oz, 13" long. A very cute and well-marked little pistol, fully intact and operable, with cannontype barrel that shows GANDON LONDON stamped under the lock on the breech, 3 touchmarks on the other side of the trigger, beautifully aged walnut grip with silver ornamental inlays and dogface butt, very attractive overall. Estimate: $2,500-$3,750.

1867. Naval flintlock with steel belt clip, English, early 1700s, maker Pierre Gandon.

7 lb, 14" long. Large pistol with simple steel barrel and lock, the former with touchmarks of Pierre Gandon, Sr. (who died in 1743), plain brass furniture on dark oak wood stock, most interestingly with long, straight bar on side for clipping to a belt (first time we have seen that), excellent condition. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

1868. Flintlock blunderbuss, English (Ketland), ca. 1760. 6-1/ 2 lb, 30" long. A short-barreled, cannon-muzzled flintlock rifle in excellent condition, with “London Clanamulla” engraved on top of the barrel, X-shaped touchmarks to the side of that, steel lock engraved with “Ketland & Co.” (small flint included), brass furniture (including large buttplate) on dark cherry-wood stock in choice condition, ramrod intact, a super piece worthy of the best collections. Estimate: $3,500$5,000.

1869. Flintlock pistol, late 1700s, with old repair on grip. 3 lb, 16" long.

Curious piece with old stitched-leather wrapping around handle to stabilize an old break, plain and straight steel barrel and ramrod with light rust only, fully operational lock and trigger, spartan brass trig ger guard and buttplate with loop for strap (steel loop attached to stock near muzzle also), steel screws in brass holes in side, nicely aged wood, purchased years ago in Panama. Estimate: $500-$750.

305

1872. Indo-Persian kulah khud (spiked helmet), mid1800s. 2-1/2 lb, 9-1/2" tall and 8" in diameter. A perfectly hemispherical bowl of a helmet with intricate engraving (battle scenes) all over, sharp spike on top, curved handle, 2 sockets for plumes(?), and a wealth of chain links underneath for protecting the rest of the head, all a bit patinated and rusty but very much intact.

Estimate: $300-$400.

1873. Medium-sized bronze signal cannon, Spanish colonial, 1600s. 3 lb 1 oz, 3" tall and 2-1/2" in diameter. Typically rustic but solid and intact and attractively patinated, prominent touch-hole and cast with 4 reinforcements, popular item that makes a great pen cup for your desk! Found in Peru.

Estimate: $200-$300.

1870. Steel left-hand gauntlet, German, c. 1580-1620. 330 Brightly polished steel (rusty inside) with brass rivets, missing all but the top knuckle of four of the fingers and thumb (held on by leather strips), somewhat restored but the original parts in good condition, nice display. Estimate: $300-$450. grams, about 10-1/2" long and 6" in diameter.

1874. Small bronze signal cannon, Spanish colonial, 1600s, bottom blown out. 801 grams, 3" tall and 2" in diameter. Thick tube with large hole in the bottom where the bronze blew apart during firing, very small touch-hole on side (maybe why the bottom blew out), cast with one reinforcement, very dusty and patinated.

Found in Peru. Estimate: $150-$225.

1875. Small bronze signal cannon, 1871. Spanish steel cabasset (helmet), ca. 1600-1650. 3-3/4 Hand-forged steel helmet of classic form with ridged medial and “pear stalk� terminal, with original rivets near the brim but lacking the interior leather liner, the outside lightly pitted but nice steel gray, the inside and bottom of brim dark and rusty but solid, overall a nice example of a scarce and popular artifact, very similar to the one sold in our Treasure Auction #3 for $1,725. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500. lb, 7-1/2" tall and 8-10" in diameter.

306

Spanish colonial, 1600s, original touch-hole plugged. 644 grams, 2-1/2" tall and 2" in diameter. Crude and coppercolored (much lighter than usual) little cannon with generous touch-hole about a third of the way around from where an obvious plug was hammered into the original touch-hole, cast with sturdy base and one reinforcement, very cute for what it is. Found in Peru. Estimate: $150$225.

1876. Small iron signal cannon. 1221 grams, Very slender cannon with 7/8" bore in thick rim, wide (rimmed) base, and cast with a prominent reinforcement in center, all rusty but very solid, an odd type of unknown period and nationality (but obviously old) that we have not seen before. Estimate: $75-$110.

5-1/2" long and 2" in diameter.

1881. Bronze gunpowder spoon, 1600s-1700s. 14.8 grams, 2" Very cute little spoon with straight handle, used for scooping out and pouring small amounts of gunpowder, lightly encrusted but solid. With photo-certificate. Estimate: $60-$90. long.

1882. Lot of 2 small shot (one iron grapeshot and one lead musketball on a stand), 1600s-1700s. Grapeshot 80.5 grams and 1" in diameter; musketball and stand 46.3 grams and 2" square. Two typical,

spherical bullets of their time, the grapeshot rusty brown but solid, the musketball whitish and mounted onto a small wooden stand. With photo-certificates.

Estimate: $35-$50.

1877. Lot of 2 miniature bronze cannons, English, 16501750. 16.4 and 12.6 grams, each about 2" long. Cute little cannons, possibly just toys but technically fireable since they have touchholes and open barrels, both nicely patinated and obviously old. Estimate: $120-$180.

1878. Large iron musketball pliers for small balls. 119 grams, 6-1/4" long. Fully functional and nicely toned steel color, the space for the musketball very small and with sprue hole where the lead was poured in and formed by the pliers. Estimate: $100-$150.

1883. Lot of 6 US Civil War lead bullets (two .69 caliber musketballs, two .52 caliber sharps carbine bullets, and two .58 caliber minie balls). 169.2 grams total.

Common but popular items from the Civil War, all in nice (probably unused) condition with light sediment on top of the whitish lead color.

Estimate: $25-$50.

Viking 1884. Viking merchant’s lead weight from Estonia, 10th11th century AD, scarce. 26.8 grams, 3/4" in A crude, thick, flattened sphere in dark lead with sunken design in center that appears to be gold (with orange sediment) and is probably an appropriated relic, curious in that it is approximately the weight of an 8R or 8E! Estimate: $100-$150. diameter.

1879. Small iron musketball pliers for large balls. 53 grams, 5" long. Perfectly intact with faint rusty color, the sprue hole for

pouring in the lead somewhat larger and the space for the hole also large in proportion to the pliers themselves. Estimate: $100-$150.

1880. Iron grapeshot ball with nail through it, 1600s-1700s.

61.4 grams, 2-1/4" long and 7/8" in diameter. We are at a loss to explain

this item, as the lead ball appears to be cast around the small iron nail (square shank and head), probably just one of the many devious designs to increase gunshot damage in its time, undoubtedly rare. With photocertificate. Estimate: $70-$100.

1885. Viking bone pendant of a circular design and wolftooth pendant from Estonia, 10th-11th century AD, rare.

Larger piece 7.2 grams and 3" long; smaller piece 1.3 grams and 1-1/4" long. Two old pendants in

super condition, the larger one in bone somewhat surfboard shaped with cross-like design of dotted circles and the smaller one just a curved fang, both with hole at one end.

Estimate: $100-$150.

307

1886. Viking iron knife and lead loom weight from Estonia, 10th-11th century AD. Knife 15.0 grams and 3-1/2" long; weight 34.2 grams and 1-1/8" in diameter. Pair of

small and curious artifacts, the knife rusty and chipped, somewhat triangular in shape, with thin handle (like a small ax-blade), and the loom weight toroid with hole in middle and sunburst design and intact. Estimate: $40-$60.

1887. Viking bronze tweezers from Estonia, 10th-11th centur y AD. 4.6 grams, 2-1/2" long. A thin strap of heavily patinated bronze bent together to use as tweezers, intact and interesting. Estimate: $30-$45.

1891. Charoite mineral from Siberia (Russia). 266 grams, about 4" x 2-1/4" x 1-3/4". Somewhat triangular and hefty chunk of a very rare purple mineral (looks like purple-veined marble) that is only found in Russia, specifically in the Charo River (hence the name) near Aldan (Siberia), its importation strictly limited from Russia.

Estimate: $40-$60.

Miscellaneous 1892. Iron animal bell from France, 6th-7th century AD (late Celtic). 115 grams, about 3-1/2" x 2" x 2". Rectangular bell of typical design for livestock, with arc at top for wearing, intact except for piece of bottom, very rusty and thin but still solid enough to have some “ring� to it.

Estimate: $30-$45.

1893. Earthenware jar (tinaja), 1540s, with mark near lip, rare and important provenance. 6 lb 6 oz, 14-1/4" tall and 8" in diameter.

Natural history

Small but typical jar of oval shape (small, flat bottom), orangish-pink in color, 100% intact, with merchant mark at top (looks like TA in monogram) near lip, an important archeological find from the first exploration of Florida by the Spanish under Hernando de Soto. Found in the Peace River near the west coast of Florida and reportedly from the DeSoto expedition of the early 1500s. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

1888. Large piece of amber with insects inside from the Dominican Republic. 30 grams, about 2" x 1-1/2" x 3/4". A very translucent and bug-infested chunk of fossilized tree sap, much larger than the usual pieces you see. Estimate: $75-$110.

1889. Large fragment of iron-nickel meteorite from Sikhote-Alin (Siberia), Russia.

113 grams, about 2" x 1-1/4" x 3/4".

1894. Earthenware handled jar, Spanish colonial, 1600s-1700s. 5

Dark gunmetal gray in color, rough shape but mostly smooth texture (looks like melted metal), a goodsized piece of a famous meteorite that fell in 1947. With informational display-sheet. Estimate: $40-$60.

lb 2-1/2 oz, 12-1/4" tall and 7" in diameter.

1890. Astrophyllite mineral from Siberia (Russia). 108 grams, about 3" x 2" x 1-1/4". A good-sized specimen of a scarce mineral found only in Siberia, with flaky, brilliant, gold-colored glitter emanating from a rocky matrix.

Estimate: $40-$60.

Tall vase with flat bottom and short neck below the rim (unlike the more typical tinajas) in orange clay with off-white encrustation on surfaces where the greenish glaze has eroded away (only traces remaining), one small handle near top, scarce as perfectly intact, another historical artifact from the early Spanish presence in Florida.

Found in the vicinity of Crystal River on the west coast of Florida. Estimate: $300-$450.

308

1898. Small, bronze navigational dividers, English, 155090, rare. 19.3 grams, 2-3/4" long. Perfectly intact, very dark in color, rare size (much smaller than normal) and shape (bulge at midpoint of each arm), the points still sharp but the arms frozen shut. Found in the River Thames. Estimate: $400-$600.

1899. English brass coin weight for

1895. Silver Inca “tumi” knife, late 1500s, rare.

108 grams,

about 6-1/2" x 5-1/2". This odd and important artifact consists of

an oval-shaped blade (still sharp!) below a straight handle topped with a llama’s head (very well detailed and true to life), basically an ornamental version of what the Incas used for sacrifices, in pristine condition with lovely toning. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

gold double crown/half unite/11 shillings of James I (1603-25), rare.

5.0 grams, 5/8". Small, thick brass disk with I.R.M. and BRITAN around crowned bust of James I on obverse and crown above XI above S on reverse, mostly dull-brass color but with spots of dark encrustation. Estimate: $100-$150.

1900. English brass coin weight for 21 shillings of George III (1760-1820). 8.3 grams, 3/4" in diameter. Thick brass disk with same design on both sides showing S above 21 above 5-flower-9 and laurel borders, dull brass color all over. Estimate: $100-$150.

1901. Lot of 3 English brass coin 1896. Pair of silver survey sights, Peruvian, 1700s. 195 grams Strange silver paddles with holes near center that supposedly were used for surveying, with long handles (the larger one flat, the smaller one rounded), obviously old and lightly toned. Estimate: $350-$475.

and 11-1/2" long, 89 grams and 8" long.

1897.

Silver crucifix, Peruvian, 1700s. 47 grams, about 4-1/2" x 3". Large cross with Christ figure cast separately and pinned on, worn and nicely toned, the engraving (front and back) fairly ornate and recognizably South American, looped at top and wearable. Estimate: $200-$300.

weights, 1600s-1700s. 13.3 grams, 7/8"; 3.6 grams, 11/16"; and 2.3 grams, 5/8". Three corroded disks with some details visible, the largest one with S / 36 (36 shillings) on both sides, the middle one with bust of king (William III?) facing left on obverse and crown above value (illegible) on reverse, and the smallest one with crown over Tudor rose on one side and crown over CR (for Charles I) and D to right of crown on other side. With certificates. Estimate: $90-$135.

1902. Blue-on-white majolica shard in custom frame, 1600s.

59.8 grams, 4-3/4" x 3-1/2". A small (2" x 1-1/2") piece of thick, glazed earthenware with floral design in blue (like the Chinese porcelains) mounted onto a velvet mat inside a wood frame with easel. With photo-certificate. Estimate: $25-$40.

1903. Pewter ship’s whistle, 1500s-1600s. 19 grams, 1-3/4" long.

Small, cylindrical whistle with hole at one end for wearing on a chain, chip in other end but otherwise intact, dull dark gray in color. With certificate. Estimate: $75-$110.

309

1904. Lot of 4 small, bronze, Spanish buttons, 1500s-1600s. 9.2 grams total, each about 1/4"-1/2" in diameter. Small, plain spheres with

intact loops. With certificate. Estimate: $40-$60.

1905. Bronze buckle, English, 1600s.

1911. Bronze slave bracelet (“manilla”), 1700s-early 1800s.

128 grams, 3-1/4". Typically C-shaped torque with flat ends, deep brown color, intact, used to trade for slaves in Africa. With photo-certificate. Estimate: $30-$45.

7.9

1912. Black glass

Simple rectangular buckle, very thin and heavily patinated but intact.

With certificate. Estimate: $25-$40.

“onion” bottle, English, early 1700s, short. 1122 grams, 6" tall and 5-3/4" in diameter. Very short and flat onion with 1-1/4" deep pontil, the outside somewhat scuffed and the rim chipped but otherwise intact and attractive, with heavy sediment inside, dull green and yellow colors peeking through. Estimate: $250-$375.

grams, 2" x 1-3/4".

1906. Lot of 2 pewter buttons, 1600s1700s. 2.9 grams and 3/4" diameter; 2.0 grams and 5/8" diameter. Plain, flat, round buttons with back-loops intact, lightly patinated.

With certificate. Estimate: $25-$45.

1907. Garment clasp made from 5 Spanish colonial milled minors. 28.7 grams, 7-1/2" long. Very odd item with clasp that looks like a pair of tongs ending in hands connected at the other end to 5 coins in a row, as follows: Santiago 2R 1780DA, Potosí 2R 1790PR, Mexico 1R 1802FM, Mexico 1R 1756M and Mexico half real 1796FM (with another loop at the end that may have linked to another coin). Worn but nicely toned. Estimate: $60-$90.

1913. Black glass “onion” bottle, English, early 1700s, tall. 864 grams, 7" tall and 5-1/2" in diameter. A crudely lopsided onion with 1" deep pontil, evenly dark in color all over with matte surfaces, intact rolled (thin) lip, clean inside. Estimate: $250$375.

1908. Lead textile seal, probably Spanish, 1500s1600s. 2.8 grams, 3/4" in diameter. Bold and elegant castle between two pairs of what look to be Gothic letters, two nubs on back where it used to be attached to another piece. With certificate. Estimate: $30-$45.

1909. Small clay smoking pipe, 1600s-1700s. 19.7 grams, 6-3/ 1914. Black glass “onion” Beautiful intact pipe (all but the tip of the stem) with very small bowl that is black from use (the rest of it an eggshell color) and with light engrailing on top, no mark on base. With photo-certificate. Estimate: $50-$75.

4" long.

bottle, Dutch, 1720s-1750s. 621 grams, 8" tall and 5-1/2" in diameter.

More common type of onion with long neck, 1" pontil, very clear and clean green glass, intact 1910. Clay smoking pipe in lip. Estimate: $150-$225. shadow box, 1600s-1700s. 654 grams, 8" x 10" x 2". Intact (and normal-sized) pipe bowl and 2-1/ 2" of the stem, mounted on a mat below the certificate in a woodPlease visit our website at framed glass box, the pipe mostly www.SedwickCoins.com or watch and bid white, with tan sediment inside the bowl. With certificate. Estimate: LIVE at www.iCollector.com/sedwick $30-$45.

310

1920. Lot of dozens of clay smoking-pipe bowls, 1820s-

1915. Black glass ale bottle, English, 1820s-1840s, with pearlized surface. 671 grams, 9-1/2" tall and 3-1/2" in diameter.

Common brownish-glass bottle with intact lip, 1" deep pontil, but best of all is the sheen of pearly encrustation on nearly all the surfaces. Estimate: $70-$100.

1916. Black glass ale bottle with very deep pontil, English, early 1820s-1840s. 685 grams, 10" tall and 3-1/2" in diameter. Tall, dark-green bottle with 2" deep pontil (deepest we’ve ever seen on this type), matte surfaces, intact rolled lip. Estimate: $70$100.

1917. Black glass “case gin” bottle, early 1800s. 583 grams, Clean and neat bottle, perfectly translucent and green in color (despite the name given to this type of glass), no chips or cracks (just a few bubbles in the glass as made). Estimate: $80-$120.

9-1/2" tall and 3" to a side.

1918. Brass spigot, Dutch, 1800s, found in South Africa.

333 grams, 6-1/2" long. A large and heavy kegtap with T-shaped handle showing the stamp FIDDLE in a box, excellent condition, dull brass color with patina on tapered tap end and tan encrustation inside. Estimate: $60$90.

1919. Scrimshawed whalebone disk inscribed with whale and “Ardagah,” mid-1800s. 3.1 grams, 1-1/4" in diameter. Cute little artifact in excellent condition, circular with hole near edge, elegantly engraved, believed by the consignor to be a “kit bag ID tag.” Estimate: $50-$75.

1860s, found in the northeastern US. 772 grams total. As most colonial collectors know, the preferred method of smoking (dating back into the 1500s) was via long pipes made out of white clay with narrow, fragile stems whose tips were broken off after each use, leaving just the bowl and small base at the other end when no longer in use and finally discarded. This group contains about 36 of these discarded bowls, most intact but some chipped or broken, a few with letters on the side (like T and D) and mostly stained or caked with mud or clay.

Estimate: $150-$225.

1921. Small medallion commemorating Nelson’s HMS Victory (retired from service in 1812), struck in 1905 by the British and Foreign Sailors Society from copper salvaged from the ship. 2.6 grams, 11/16" in diameter. Cute little souvenir with picture of the ship on obverse above VICTORY / 1905, the reverse showing COPPER / FROM / NELSON’S SHIPS / E.R. VII in center and BRITISH FOREIGN SAILORS SOCIETY around the edge, with loop at top, perfect condition with original copper mint-luster. Estimate: $60-$90.

1922. 1915 copper plate made from the dome of the Helles Point (Gallipoli) lighthouse, rare and historically important artifact. 824 grams, 9" in diameter. World War I buffs will appreciate the battle of Gallipoli (a Turkish peninsula, the campaign also called Dardanelles) as a failed attempt by the British and French to take Istanbul in the middle eastern theater, during the early part of which the Helles Point lighthouse was destroyed by a British ship, memorialized by this crude copper plate engraved on the face with DARDANELLES. 1915. MADE FROM PIECE OF THE DOME OF LIGHTHOUSE ON HELLESPOINT. GALLIPOLI. DEMOLISHED BY 12 IN SHELL FIRED FROM H.M.S. PRINCE OF WALES. 25.4.15. F.A.BAREHAM, 6TH D.C.L.I., dark copper color with spots of green, spring-type modern hanger on back. With Bonhams & Brooks auction lot-tag from January 11, 2001. Estimate: $100-$150.

311

Vintage diving equipment 1923. 1908 bronze Schrader diving bonnet, very rare. 21 lb, 11" tall and 9" in diameter. Very

early helmet that shows its age but is fully intact (missing only the breast plate—the part that rests on the shoulders—through which the air was supplied), with 3 small windows (very limited visibility) in front and on the sides, exhaust manifold near back and two small loops near front, all darkly patinated bronze color and really in excellent shape for its age, this brand stated to be the basis for the famous U.S. Navy Mark V helmet that followed. Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.

1924. Mark V diving dress (canvas suit) with 1915 Schrader stencil. About 15 lb and 74" tall. Designed to be used with the famous U.S. Navy Mark V dive helmet, this full, rubber-lined canvas suit is in excellent condition, with just a couple old repairs and some fraying at the toes, obviously well used in its time but still with clear stenciling on breast, great for display! Estimate: $600-$900.

1925. Ca. 1930 Snead shallow-water cast-iron diving helmet, rare. 57 lb, 22" tall and 12" in diameter.

Almost spooky, yellow hood with square pane of (cracked and taped) plastic in front (no other windows), large sturdy handle at top next to a surprisingly small bib for the airhose, overall in good condition (minor rust only), a rare classic from the early days of hardhat diving. Estimate: $1,500-$2,500.

1926. Miller-Dunn 3 brass dive helmet (ca. 1945) with original hose and handled pump. Helmet 58 lb, 25" tall and 12" in diameter; pump 55 lb, 17" x 9" x 24" with 3' handle. It is gut-wrenching to look at this contraption and imagine divers risking their lives underwater, completely entrusting a topside assistant to keep pumping the handle! Rumored to be Art McKee’s instrument of choice, it consists of a tall, copper-colored helmet with large rectangular front window and two small round sidelights, handle at top, lead plates on front and back of the shoulders, with hose bib on side for connecting the long black hose that leads up to the 2-chamber pump mounted on a wooden box with iron handle with wooden grip, all in excellent condition for its age, not something we would recommend using, of course, but very impressive as a display on antique diving history. Estimate: $6,000-$9,000.

312

1930.

1927. 1956 “Rene” dive tank with original harness and New England Divers decal and inspection sticker plus ca.-1957 U.S. Divers Corp. “Stream Air” Aqualung doublehose regulator. 36 lb, 28" tall. Display combination of 1950sera tank (with valve) and regulator, both in used condition (some corrosion on the back of the regulator) but fully intact, last inspected in 1979 (sticker on tank), probably not usable today but with obvious antique and demonstrative value. Estimate: $700-$1,000.

1970s compete Korean hardhat diving dress with bronze helmet and 12-bolt collar and rubberlined canvas suit.

58 lb, 7' tall. Vintage dive suit and helmet with many of the same characteristics as the well-known Japanese TOA, with 3 glass windows (round one in front and 2 oval ones on the sides), air intake and exhaust on back, in nicely patinated bronze with plaque on collar with Korean wording, the suit in excellent condition with minor (period) repairs only, an awesome display for your shop or study. Estimate: $1,600-$2,400.

1928. 1961 “Nemrod” dive tank with original decal plus 1956-9 “DACOR” double-hose regulator in mint condition.

38 lb, 32" tall. Classic dive tank and valve in what appears to be good condition accompanied by a matching regulator (different manufacturer) in perfect condition, probably fully functional, but don’t hold us to it! Estimate: $500-$750.

1929. Ca.-1970 marine underwater camera (Sea & Sea model Motor Marine II EX, 35 mm) and strobe (YS-60 TTL), new in box. 6-1/2 lb, 17" x 8-1/2" x 5-1/4" (in box). New condition and presumably fully functional, state of the art in the 1970s and still very useful now (just not digital), consisting of a camera and a separate, attaching strobe flash, a kit that can be found selling online for around $500. Estimate: $175$295.

1931. 1980s bronze Russian diving bonnet (helmet). 24 lb, 13" tall and 12" in diameter. A somewhat modern helmet modeled after early-1900s hardhats, with 3 round, glass windows in front and on sides, large handle on top, hose coupling in back and exhaust vent to one side, intact and in nice condition (no dents or damage), copper color with slight patina. Estimate: $400$600.

1932. Mid-1900s Schrader U.S. Navy “Mark V” dive knife and case with leather belt, rare. 2-1/2 lb, 13-1/2" long. The Schrader company was famous for their Navy-issue Mark V dive helmets, but they also made accessories like this heavy knife and brass scabbard, the maker’s name A. SCHRADER’S SON, INC. clearly etched on the still-sharp blade, the whole piece (including wooden handle) in top-notch condition and apparently just as difficult to find as the dive helmets they accompanied. Estimate: $350-$500.

313

1933. Modern replica of a U.S. Navy Schrader “Mark V” bronze diving helmet. 19 lb, 15" tall and 12" in diameter. In highly polished copper and brass, this is plainly not an original but is an exact replica, with small windows in front and on sides and on top, 2 air intake nozzles in back and vent in front, complete with breastplate showing a plaque that says NAVY DIVING HELMET / MARK V MOD-1, an awesome conversation piece that would be worth thousands of dollars if it were an original, even the replica seen online selling for upwards of $1000.

Estimate: $300-$450.

Engravings

DOCUMENTS 1934. 1591 Theodore

deBr y engraving of warring native Americans in canoes from a German book. 9-1/2" x 13-1/2". The upper half of this page from a German book of the period shows two teams of natives in canoes fighting a battle with bows and arrows, some of the unfortunates struggling in the water, their settlements and trees in the background, no color, perfect condition, the title of the book or chapter at the top of the page “Erfindung und Schiffarten”, probably the impressions from the voyages of the English pirate Thomas Cavendish in 1587 and 1591.

Estimate: $250-$375.

1935. 1591 Theodore deBry engraving of native Americans making a canoe from a German book. 9" x 13-3/4". A vignette of two natives making a canoe by burning down trees and burning out their interiors, signed “T.B.”, with German wording printed below and book/ chapter title “In West Indien” at top, probably a collection of impressions from the voyages of the English pirate Thomas Cavendish in 1587 and 1591, excellent condition.

Estimate: $250-$375.

1936. 1671 Ogilby engraving of native Americans melting gold and silver. 10" x 15-1/2". This is a page from a 1671 book

by John Ogilby entitled America that was a translation of Arnold Montanus’ book Die nieuwe en onbekende Weereld (Amsterdam, 1671), and this page shows 7 natives melting precious metals in pots while a train of llamas waits in the background, undoubtedly in reference to labor under the Spanish at the time, excellent condition with fully readable text.

Estimate: $150-$225.

1937. 1671 Ogilby engraving of Europeans meeting native Americans in front of erupting volcanoes. 10" x 15-1/2". This is a page from a 1671 book by John Ogilby entitled America that was a translation of Arnold Montanus’ book Die nieuwe en onbekende Weereld (Amsterdam, 1671), and this page shows a group of somewhat blasé and aristocraticlooking Europeans meeting with natives whose reactions range from obeisance to despair, with two volcanoes in background blasting upward, excellent condition with fully readable text. Estimate: $150-$225.

1938. 1671 Ogilby engraving of native Americans and Europeans. 9-1/2" x 15-1/2". This is a page from a 1671 book

by John Ogilby entitled America that was a translation of Arnold Montanus’ book Die nieuwe en onbekende Weereld (Amsterdam, 1671), and this page shows seated and gesticulating natives in a circle in front of 3 Europeans with guns and swords with European fortification in the background, excellent condition with fully readable text. Estimate: $75-$110.

314

Manuscripts 1939. 1671 Ogilby engraving of native Americans and

1942. Document

Europeans. 9-3/8" x 15-5/8". This is a page from a 1671 book

by John Ogilby entitled America that was a translation of Arnold Montanus’ book Die nieuwe en onbekende Weereld (Amsterdam, 1671), and this page shows Europeans being crowned and honored by natives in a hut of some sort, complete with trumpeters heralding the event, excellent condition with fully readable text. Estimate: $75-$110.

from 1782 signed

by King Charles III. 8-1/8" x 11-3/4".

Brief, one-page letter on the king’s letterhead EL REY, half printed and half handwritten, with king’s signature Yo El Rey near bottom and scribe’s signature D(o)n Pedro de Cartagena below that, interestingly cutting the salary of a naval lieutenant (José de Moya) by 1/ 3 due to not completing his task. Estimate: $100-$150.

1940. 1671 Ogilby engraving of a single European among naked native Americans. 9-3/4" x 15-5/8". This is a page from a 1671 book by John Ogilby entitled America that was a translation of Arnold Montanus’ book Die nieuwe en onbekende Weereld (Amsterdam, 1671), and this page shows a multitude of natives (mostly women) dancing around a European in a very aristocratic pose, excellent condition with fully readable text. Estimate: $75$110.

1941. Ca.-1790 hand-colored English copperplate engraving of Captain Cook’s landing at Tanna, New Hebrides. 10" x 91/2". A small but beautifully drawn and vividly colored (later) scene of Cook and his men landing in on the beach in front of many natives, everyone well armed but friendly-looking, with ship in background (very intricately done), perfect condition, matted and ready for framing. Estimate: $60-$90.

1943. Chilean Mint document from 1788 signed by Ambrosio O’Higgins (military governor of Chile and later Viceroy of Peru). 8-3/8" x 12-1/8". Simple, one-page letter of few words by captain general O’Hig gins authorizing the purchase of 3 boxes of mint tools from Spain, dated August 14, 1788, excellent condition and numismatically important. Estimate: $100-$150.

1944. Document from 1817 from Colima, Mexico, with many seals and signatures.

8-3/8" x 12-1/4". Four-page document with seals of Charles IV and Ferdinand VII (dated 1808-9, 1812-13 and 1816-17) with several short paragraphs above signatures (most of them José Ignacio Silva), related to church offerings, all in readable condition but with some minor water damage.

Estimate: $100-$150.

315

1945. Document from 1823 from Guadalajara, Mexico, with many seals. 8-3/8" x 12-1/4".

Choice-condition original legal document on one sheet with SELLO 4o (dated 1822-23, under the Republic of Mexico) at top stamped over the original dated seal of 1810-11, with Ferdinand VII seals to right dated 1814-15 and 1818-19, dealing with division of inherited assets (probate), interesting as official colonial-era paper used under Republican administration. Estimate: $100-$150.

1946. Mint document from 1826 from Santiago, Chile. 8-1/8" x 113/4". Brief, one-page letter (notated as an amendment to a larger document) in choice condition dated August 8, 1826, asking the director of the mint to check the decree to make sure the coat-ofarms is correctly executed, signed

by Juan Manuel de Borgoña(?).

Estimate: $100-$150.

1949. Ship’s bill of lading for Peruvian coins being shipped in 1888 on the steamship Colombia bound for Guayaquil, Ecuador, from Callao, Peru. 12-3/8" x 7-7/8". A standard document of its time with vignette of the sidewheel steamer above a table to the left and the “fine print” to the right with the cargo “6 sealed sacks containing 6000 silver soles” handwritten into the blanks above date and signature, excellent condition, with full wax seal and 10-centavo documentary stamp (like a postage stamp) to left, a significant multi-field collectible associating shipping, numismatics and even philately! Estimate: $100-$150.

Maps

1947. Document from 1849 from Santiago, Chile, signed by General Manuel Búlnes. 8-1/8" x 11-3/4".

Brief, one-page letter in choice condition dated July 11, 1849, by the President of Chile (General Búlnes) thanking the director of the mint for donating 2 silver-coin dies and 1 copper sheet engraved with the Spanish royal shield to the national museum. Estimate: $100-$150.

1948. Ship’s bill of lading for Peruvian coins being shipped in 1881 on the steamship Pizarro bound for Callao, Peru, from Arica, Chile. 13-3/8" x 7". A standard document of its time with vignette of the sidewheel steamer above a table to the left and the “fine print” to the right with the cargo of “1 sack with 500 silver soles” hand-written into the blanks above date and signature, nice condition but with wax seal on left having melted through the page, leaving a hole, very interesting combination of coins and shipping.

Estimate: $100-$150.

1950. Mid- to late 1500s map of South America entitled “Tierra Nova,” with Latin text on back starting with “Americae Sive Perv”. 12" x 9-1/4". A full map of South America and the southern Caribbean and even the west tip of Africa with rivers and capes and islands notated but only 4 towns (Cancha, Cuzco, Caxamalca and Xauca), presumably all Incan, with the early European demarcations of Castilla del Oro (Panama and Colombia), Peru and Brazil indicated, the printed Latin text on the back no help in figuring time period but must be very early based on the map itself (possibly one of the first maps of the entire continent), excellent condition with no major flaws. Estimate: $450-$675.

316

1953. Circa-1780 British map of the West Indies entitled 1951. 1749 French map of Mexico entitled “Partie du Mexique ou de la Nouvelle Espagne ou se trouve l’Audience du Mexique” (from the Atlas Portatif Universel) by Robert de Vaugondy, hand colored. 14" x 12".

Engraved and hand-colored map in perfect condition showing central Mexico between the Audiencia of Guadalajara and New Leon to the northwest and the Audiencia of Guatemala to the southeast, the various states and cities and geographic features all notated, matted for framing. Estimate: $150-$225.

“West Indies from the latest Authorities”. 14-1/2" x 8-1/4".

Detailed map of Mexico, Central America, the northern part of South America, Florida and the entire Caribbean, very well notated, in black ink (engraving), fascinating for studying the various demarcations and place names, perfect condition.

Estimate: $350-$500.

1954. Circa-1845 French map of North and Central America entitled “Amérique Septentrionale” by Raimond Bonheur. 24" x 20". Large and very artistic print with map of North and Central America in center surrounded by scenes that include a waterfall, a white plantation boss with black slave and native leaning on a rock with idols, plus icy mountains with eskimos and polar bear and condors on rocky cliffs, snakes and plants, also an alligator and a jaguar, and a reclining woman and dog in center between legends, all in full color and matted.

Estimate: $200-$300.

1955. Large vintage 1952. Circa-1770 colored French map of Florida and the southeastern corner of what is now the United States by Rigobert Bonne entitled “Carte de la Louisiane, et de la Floride”. 10-1/2" x 16-1/4". An original copper-engraved map (colored later) showing Louisiana, Illinois, Florida, Georgia, the Carolinas and Virginia as they were demarcated at the time, very important in relation to the failure of the French colony there and subsequent “Louisiana purchase” in 1803, also interesting to see the city names and even the various names of native American tribes in the area, excellent condition except for ink stain in one corner. Estimate: $275-$425.

(1940) treasure map entitled A Treasure Hunter’s Map of the West Indies and the Spanish Main by George Annand (LeBaron-Bonney Co., Bradford, MA), mounted on sturdy cardboard with grommets at top for hanging. 16-1/2" x 13".

Very colorful and fanciful picture of the Caribbean showing the locations of various pirate treasures and sunken galleons, well preserved but crudely mounted. Estimate: $25-$40.

317

1956. Lot of 3 vintage (1952) treasure maps by F.L. Coffman showing wrecks around Florida, wrecks in the Caribbean, and wrecks in the Great Lakes, rare and important. 14" x 13", 14" x 10-1/4", 17" x 11". All blue and yellow with black printing, just as they appear in Coffman’s famous Atlas but here presented one-by-one, showing the locations of hundreds of shipwrecks with one-line descriptions of each in the legends, all in nice, undamaged condition, with original folds intact. Estimate: $60-$90.

1957. Lot of 3 large vintage (1950s) sunken/buried treasure maps by Rand-McNally, Drake & Sons and Fred C. Keiser (all United States). 45" x 29", 28" x 22-1/2", 21" x 17". Three large and sundry maps showing treasure locations on land and sea, generally more nostalgic than informative, especially the Keiser, which shows pictures of various pirates drawn by H.G. Schlensker, that map also housed in an envelope with similarly Disneyesque pirates on the mailing label, all in good to excellent condition without any major problems, with original folds intact.

Estimate: $40-$60.

Miscellaneous documents 1958. Lot of 5 Foul Anchor Archives (Robert Nesmith) catalogs (and associated material) of the 1950s and 1960s offering treasure books and maps. Most about 15-1/2" x 12-1/2". The name Robert Nesmith is well known in the treasure community, or at least it was in the 1950s and 1960s when he was considered the foremost numismatic authority on treasure.

He was a consultant to the Real Eight Co., for one thing, and he wrote the definitive treatise on Mexican Charles-Joanna coins and the book Dig for Pirate Treasure, among others. At the same time, he ran a company called Foul Anchor Archives and specialized in printing and distributing treasure maps and books, and these are some of his catalogs, typed on plain paper and stapled (in most cases), all in excellent condition. Shocking to see what some classics used to sell for new (Coffman’s Atlas for $10, for example)! Estimate: $60-$90.

1959. Bermuda commemorative First Day Cover (stamps) of September 29, 1969, signed by Teddy Tucker and fellow diver Robert Canton. 6-1/2" x 4-1/2". Large envelope bearing 4 large postage stamps showing the famous gold-and-emerald cross found by Teddy Tucker and Robert Canton on the wreck of the San Pedro in 1955 with the words 1594 TREASURE FROM THE SEA, the cross pictured also on the envelope itself with a treasure chest and the words BERMUDA / Treasure 1594 / COMMEMORATIVE STAMPS / OFFICIAL FIRST DAY COVER, with “ ‘BERMUDA TREASURE’ / First Day Cover. / September 29, 1969" stamped at top in red ink and signed by Tucker and Canton, pristine condition. Estimate: $40-$60.

1960. Lot of various brochures (4) and postcards (4) about Mel Fisher and his treasure museums, plus a flyer for Parke-Bernet’s 1967 Treasure of the Spanish Main exhibit in New York. Brochures 4" x 9"; postcards 3-1/2" x 5-1/2" and 4" x 6"; flyer 7" x 9-3/4". The full-color postcards show Mel Fisher and scenes of and inside his floating museum, the full-size replica galleon Golden Doubloon; the brochures (all but one in color) are for his modern museum in Key West; the red-and-gold flyer for the Parke-Bernet exhibit is entitled “Treasure Ho!” and shows an enlarged photo of the obverse of a Mexican 8E Royal of 1714; all are in like-new condition. Estimate: $30-$45.

318

1961. Lot of 6 Real Eight Co. stock certificates in three different colors. 12" x 8". Printed by the Columbian Banknote Company with backgrounds in green, blue and red, these popular certificates were issued for shares in the Real Eight Company of 1715-Fleet fame (this lot being only 10- or 100share certificates), each one stamp-dated 1969-76 and famously featuring a fully dated Mexican 8R 1715 on top and signed by president Harry Cannon, mostly excellent condition but long since redeemed and cancelled. Estimate: $250-$375.

1962. 1974 Silver Shoals Expedition Ltd. $500,000 Private Placement Prospectus by Seaborne Ventures, Inc., with brochure and photo (Concepción wreck of 1641). Prospectus 8-1/2" x 14"; brochure 11" x 8"; photo 51/2" x 3-1/2". A fascinating package

that was given to prospective investors in an unsuccessful salvage operation spearheaded by Dennis Standefur, John Doering, Steve Voynick and Martin Meylach (the last two also well-known authors in the field) to find and salvage the wreck of the Concepción (1641) off Hispaniola (salvaged 5 years later

by Burt Webber), the prospectus naturally plain and matter-of-fact but the brochure quite attractive and professionally done, and the photo in black-andwhite showing the “mailbox” (blower) on the back of their salvage boat, all in excellent condition. Estimate: $50-$75.

1963. 1975 large poster for the W.H. Lane & Son auction Sale of Sunken Treasure of September 26, 1975, featuring treasure from 9 historic wrecks, rare. 20" x 30". Black ink on red with galleon vignette in silver in background, used condition (frayed edges) but intact, classic link to our conceptual predecessor in England (W.H. Lane & Son) who specialized in shipwrecks around the world in the 1970s. Estimate: $90-$135.

1964.

1980 Dutch Rijksmuseum (Amsterdam) poster for an exhibit from February 6 to August 3 of that year entitled “PRIJS DER ZEE, Vondsten uit wrakken van OostIndiëvaarders”. 15-1/2" x 311/2". Small (but tall) poster with wrecked ship in white with black background above blue water, somewhat minimalist and modern, related to the launch of a book of the same name put out by the Rijksmuseum, nice condition with only one or two small tears in edge. Estimate: $30-$50.

1965. 1988 Dutch Rijksmuseum (Leiden) poster for an exhibit from June 10, 1988, to June 5, 1989, entitled “SCHEPEN MET GELD De handel van de VOC op Azië 1602-1799”. 11-3/4" x 16-1/2". Small poster with wording in black box against a sea of Akerendam (1724) gold ducats, related to the launch of a book of the same name by Arent Pol (see lot 2007) about VOC shipwrecks, excellent condition with faint crease near part of edge but no tears or folds. Estimate: $30$50.

319

1966.

1995 large Christie’s (Amsterdam) poster for their auction “The Diana Cargo” of March 6-7 of that year. 21" x 27". Large and beautiful poster in blue and gold with picture of porcelains in a seawater tank with prominent (live) fish, excellent condition except for a bumps in edge. Estimate: $30-$50.

1967. 1980s and 1990s lot of 11 letters/ brochures/newsletters from Treasure Salvors and the Mel Fisher Maritime Heritage Society. Up to 8-1/2" x 11" each. This sundry lot consists of 5 letters to investors 1981-96 (the last one a notice of liquidation of Treasure Salvors, Inc.), 3 early 1980s brochures (one in color) about the coins and other treasure of the 1622 Fleet (Atocha and Santa Margarita), one Treasure Talk newsletter from 1985 (Treasure Salvors), and 2 The Navigator newsletters from 1998-9 (Mel Fisher Maritime Heritage Society), all in excellent condition. Estimate: $40-$60.

Paintings

1968. Framed oil-on-canvas painting of pirates in a cave by Augustus Lenox (1960s painter of Western scenes and comics). 7 lb, 44-1/2" x 34-1/2". Large original oil painting in mostly rustic colors showing 3 Disneyesque pirates in a seaside cave bemusedly scrutinizing the skeletal remains of a colleague next to a small chest of gold coins, packed with wonderfully accurate details (note the armament and clothing) and signed by the artist in the lower-left corner, in wooden frame, ready for hanging.

Estimate: $1,500-$2,250.

320

1969. Atocha painting: “Atocha Meets Her Fate,” by Ralph Curnow (2009). 24" x 20". A dark and dramatic rendering of the Atocha’s final hours in a storm-tossed sea from a rear perspective showing the Madonna and Child on her vividly painted stern and her wind-battered flag and banner atop her rigging, the center mast broken off and languishing in a wave that is engulfing the entire front of the ship, and a sister-galleon with similar fate off in the distance.

As usual, Curnow’s waves and water are extremely realistic, a real challenge for most artists. Estimate: $1,200-$1,800.

1970. 1715 Fleet painting: “The Day Before,” by Ralph Curnow (2009). 24" x 20". A bright and almost cheerful portrait of one of the 1715-Fleet galleons with 6 others in the distance, all under full sail on only slightly choppy seas (very realistic and accurate, a Curnow specialty), but with ominous gray clouds gathering in the distance. Estimate: $1,500-$2,000.

Photos 1971. Lot of 13 color photos from the 1960s of Art McKee’s Museum of Sunken Treasure on Plantation Key, Florida. Each 7" x 5". These are the photographic souvenirs of a 1960s trip by the consignor to McKee’s museum of treasure from the Capitana El Rubí of the 1733 Fleet, each newly printed photo in full color and mostly well staged, showing a very informative cross-section of the contents of the museum (coins, silver bars, ship’s timbers and cannon and ballast, even bones and skulls of unfortunate sailors), including one showing Art McKee himself in front of some displays.

Estimate: $35-$50.

1972. Lot of 20 color photos from the 1960s of the Real Eight Co. museum in Satellite Beach, Florida. Each 7" x 5".

These are the photographic souvenirs of a 1960s trip by the consignor to the Real Eight Co. museum of 1715-Fleet finds, each newly printed photo in full color and mostly well staged, showing a very informative cross-section of the contents of the museum (coins, artifacts and dioramas). Estimate: $35$50.

321

1976. Framed Concepción print #3 (reprint of Duke Long

Prints

1983 original), very rare. 16" x 13". From a very rare set of black-and-white prints depicting the Concepción site as it was found, this one showing a cutaway side view of the whole ship, including a legend for each room, even with an “x marks the spot” for where the treasure was stored, very detailed and illustrative, matted and framed in black wood and glass. Estimate: $75-$110.

1977. Framed Concepción print #4 (reprint of Duke Long

1973. Framed 1981 Duke Long serigraph of the Concepción printed with indigo dye salvaged from the wreck, limited edition #60/200. 21" x 23". A large and welldetailed rendering of the galleon done in actual indigo recovered from the ship, with “Nuestra Señora de la Concepción 60/ 200” and the artist’s signature and date in pencil on the bottom, framed in silver-painted wood with glass, originally purchased in the 1980s for $600. Estimate: $150-$225.

1983 original), very rare.

16" x 13". From a very rare set of black-and-white prints depicting the Concepción site as it was found, this one showing a cutaway side view the entire ship with sails, including a legend for each room, several of them with an “x marks the spot” to show that they would have contained treasure, very detailed and illustrative, matted and framed in black wood and glass. Estimate: $75-$110.

1974. Framed Concepción print #1 (reprint of Duke Long 1983 original), very rare. 16" x 13". From a very rare set of black-and-white prints depicting the Concepción site as it was found, this one showing a side view of three large “holes” in the coral containing artifacts and debris, very detailed and illustrative, matted and framed in black wood and glass.

Estimate: $75-$110.

1975. Framed Concepción print #2 (reprint of Duke Long 1983 original), very rare. 16" x 13". From a very rare set of black-and-white prints depicting the Concepción site as it was found, this one showing a cutaway side view of the stern section of the ship just after sinking, very detailed and illustrative, matted and framed in black wood and glass.

Estimate: $75-$110.

1978. Framed poster for “Lost Treasures of the Nuestra Señora de la Concepción” exhibition by Burt D. Webber, Jr., December 12-14, 1986, at Bally’s Park Place Casino Hotel in Atlantic City, NJ. 11" x 17". With galleon vignette at top and printed in orange ink on off-white cardstock, framed in gold metal with glass, excellent condition.

Estimate: $50-$75.

1979. Framed caricature in black ink of Mel Fisher by Michael Scott of the South Florida Science Museum (West Palm Beach, 1987), signed by Mel Fisher, rare. 16" x 20". A “must have” for the Mel Fisher collector, with Mel in dive gear standing on a beach with his arms loaded with coins and chains, a salvage boat in the water behind him, his shirt showing TODAY’S THE DAY and SOUTH FLORIDA SCIENCE MUSEUM, and signed by Mel “Hi Terry! Mel” to upper right, also signed and dated by the artist at bottom right, matted and framed in white and black. Estimate: $100-$150.

322

1980. Framed, hand-signed print of poem “Marine 1981. Signed lithograph print #83 of the Rooswijk Salvage Museum, Florida” by Rhina P. Espaillat, one of 50 printed by Wells College in honor of a visit by the poet on October 4, 2000. 10" x 16". Award-winning bilingual poet Rhina P. Espaillat was born in the Dominican Republic in 1932 and is known not only for her own poetry but also for her translation into Spanish of the poetry of the famous Robert Frost. The original poem here described the emotions invoked by a visit to a salvage museum and bears the author’s signature in pencil, printed on parchment and framed in gray-green wood. Estimate: $40-$60.

shipwreck of 1739, limited edition (400 copies made), by artist Ralph Curnow (2006). 15-1/2" x 12-1/2". Mint condition, full-color print showing the Rooswijk on the high seas, painted by Ralph Curnow, the brother of one of the modern salvagers of the Rooswijk, handnumbered and signed by the artist in the margins. Estimate: $50-$75.

Games 1982. “Sunken Treasure” board game by Parker Brothers (USA).

572

1948 board game in used but intact condition, inspired by hardhat diving for treasure in the 1940s, playable by up to 5 players of presumably any age, the object being the first to retrieve a gold bar and make it back up to deck. Estimate: $15-$25. grams, about 16" x 8" x 2".

1983. “Fleet 1715” card game by Clicker Spiele (Germany). 89.9 grams, 3-1/2" x 2-1/4" x 3/4". Basically a deck of cards in a small box with instructions (in German) for playing a game based on the 1715Fleet disaster, for 1-5 players, ages 10 and up, new in box. Estimate: $25-$35.

BOOKS 1984. (Atocha) Research Coin Collection (photocopy) 1985. Baxter, Ford and Hans W. Hanau, eds. Treasure signed by Marisha Wagner Moran (1987), with copy of Key West Life article by Wagner Moran (1984). Spiral-bound SC, VF. Originals of the Atocha Research Collection catalog are extremely rare and were never meant for anything but promotion for the collection itself, which was hand-picked for i n ve s t o r- d i ve r- l o b b y i s t Marisha Wagner Moran and eventually sold piecemeal (mostly in the 1990s), a good portion of which is for sale in this auction. The catalog features an introduction and numismatic description (by Sandy McKinney) of each of the 237 coins in the special collection, with 16 photoplates of 64 of the coins, also accompanied by an article that Marisha wrote for a local newsmagazine about the ongoing search (in 1984) for parts of the Atocha as well as another article about the author (with photo) in the same publication. Estimate: $100-$150.

Diving with Teddy Tucker (1964), very rare. SC, VF. Small (32 pages) but well-illustrated (color) old pamphlet showing Teddy Tucker and his finds off Bermuda. Estimate: $100$150.

1986. Berman, Bruce. Encyclopedia of American Shipwrecks (1971). SC, VG. A tabular listing of 13,000 wrecks off the various coasts of the United States, limited in information but comprehensive in scope, somewhat illogically presented in alphabetical order. Estimate: $15-$25.

1987. Blair, Clay, Jr. Diving for Pleasure and Treasure (1st ed., 1960). HC, DJ, like new. A classic narrative in rare condition, most importantly covering the early salvage of the Boticaria wreck (1681) off Panama by Robert Marx. Estimate: $30-$45.

1988. Campbell, Captain Malcolm.

Searching for Pirate Treasure in Cocos Island (1932). HC (DJ missing), VG, ex-libris plate inside cover. Just as the title implies, this is the narrative of an early treasure hunter on the pirate hangout of Cocos Island off Costa Rica, with one color illustration in front, a scarce classic. Estimate: $100-$150.

323

1989. Coffman, F.E. Atlas of Treasure Maps (1957 reprint), with inscription and rubber-stamp signature by author. HB, DJ, VF. This rare book is the benchmark of great treasure libraries, as it was widely used (and lost) aboard salvage vessels in the 1950s and 1960s, and high-grade copies with original dust jackets like this one are particularly scarce. It is a large book (over 17") with maps and brief mentions of over 3000 treasure locations in the Americas and the British Isles. Estimate: $300-$450.

1990. Cowan, Rex. Castaway & Wrecked (1978), autographed by the author. HC, DJ, Mint. A beautiful photobook (black-and-white) of the wrecks of 19 ships off the southwest coasts of England, the photos all taken right after the time of each disaster by the famous Gibson family of Cornwall and the Scilly Isles. Estimate: $40-$60.

1991. Cowan, Zélide. Early Divers (1985), autographed by the author. SC, Mint. An illustrated history of underwater diving, from the diving bells of the early 1600s to the hardhats of the late 1800s, not very big (102 pages) but informative. Estimate: $40-$60.

1996. Goodwin, William. The Lure of Gold (1940). HC, DJ, A classic book about the 5 lost ships of Christopher Columbus in the Caribbean. Estimate: $50-$75.

VG.

1997. Green, Jeremy. Treasures from the Vergulde Draeck (1973). SC, VG. A scarce archeological pamphlet with many diagrams of the wrecksite and artifacts found on this ship (sunk in 1656 off Western Australia). Estimate: $35-$50.

1998. Greene, Vaughn M. Underwater Prospecting Techniques (1960). SC, Fine. Tourist-oriented pamphlet about gold prospecting and diving, interesting as showing an advertisement on the rear inside cover for Mel’s (Fisher) Aqua Shop in Redondo Beach, CA, featuring 2 pictures of Mel in vintage dive gear. Estimate: $20-$30.

1999. Holzworth, Shirley Jean. One Day of Hunting Treasure (1965), scarce, autographed by author and her husband, Walt. SC, VF. A breathless account of finding treasure off the east coast of Florida, with many fun photos.

Estimate: $60-$90.

1992. Deagan, Kathleen. Artifacts of the Spanish Colonies of Florida and the Caribbean, 1500-1800, Volume I: Ceramics, Glassware, and Beads (1987). HC (DJ missing), VF. An extremely useful archeological guide to the various ceramics (also glass and beads) found in colonial sites in and shipwrecks off Florida. Estimate: $25-$40.

1993. Gardner, Arthur. Wrecks around Nantucket (1915).

2000. Marx, Robert. Shipwrecks in (1981), Mexican Waters autographed by the author. SC, Mint.

An important classic covering the author’s work with Clay Blair and Pablo Bush Romero off the east coast of Mexico, particularly on the Matanceros wreck, with an exhaustive listing of wrecks in the area at the end. Estimate: $75-$110.

SC, VG. Early guide to the shipwrecks off the island of Nantucket (Massachusetts), presented in chronological order. Estimate: 2001. Mathers, William. Treasure of the Concepción (1993). HC, DJ, Mint. This coffee table-style book (well illustrated $40-$60. with many color photos) covers the sinking and archeologically 1994. Gawronski, Jerzy. sensitive salvage of a Manila galleon sunk in 1638 off Saipan in Hollandia Compendium the northern Mariana Islands. Estimate: $20-$30.

(1992). HC, new in shrink wrap. The 2002. McKee, Alexander. How We Found the Mary Rose ultimate guide to everything (special Easton Press leatherbound edition, 1991). HC, Mint. about the Hollandia (sunk in A well-illustrated classic about the salvage of Henry VIII’s 1743 off the Scilly Isles, flagship Mary Rose, sunk in the Solent (south of England) in southwest of England), showing complete data and 1545. Estimate: $40-$60. detailed diagrams of every 2003. Millas, José Carlos. Hurricanes of the Caribbean artifact found. Estimate: $100-$150. and Adjacent Regions, 1492-1800 (1968). HC, Mint. Very 1995. Gilman Hawes, Hildreth. The Bellamy Treasure important and detailed chronology of all major Caribbean (1940), rare. SC, Fine. An essential item for the Whydah (1717) hurricanes since Columbus, very useful for shipwreck research. researcher, as it covers the exploits of pirate Sam Bellamy off Estimate: $125-$200.

New England in the same ship, written long before the wreck was found and salvaged. Estimate: $100-$150.

324

2004. Morris, Roland. Island Treasure (3rd impression, 1970), autographed by the author. HC, DJ, VF. Considered the “Mel Fisher of England,” Roland Morris was his country’s most famous and flamboyant wreck diver, and this is the book about his search for and salvage of the Association, sunk in 1707 off the Scilly Isles, southwest of England. Estimate: $35-$50.

2005. Nesmith, Robert I. Dig for Pirate Treasure (1st ed., 1958), rare, autographed by the author. HC, DJ, VF. Rare first edition by Devin-Adair Company (not the usual Bonanza Books edition, which is technically a reprint), a very popular but generalized book about lost treasures and shipwrecks around the world, with many photos, particularly useful as one of the few references with information on the ca.-1636 “Mesuno hoard” in Colombia. Estimate: $150-$225.

2006. Peterson, Mendel. Funnel of Gold (1975).

HC, DJ,

Fine. A

lengthy, erudite and well-respected classic overview of the Spanish treasure-fleet system and the entire gold- and silverproduction process. Estimate: $50-$75.

2007. Pol, Arent. Schepen met Geld—De Handelsmunten van de Verenigde Oostindische Compagnie 1602-1799 (1989). HC, VF. Rare book (written in Dutch) about the Dutch East India Company (VOC) and its ships, with many illustrations of treasure from VOC wrecks. Estimate: $20$35.

2008. Potter, John. The Treasure Diver’s Guide (1st ed., 1960), autographed by the author. HC, DJ, VF. The first comprehensive listing of wrecks around the world, considered for decades to be the “bible” of treasure salvage, with maps and a discussion about the Spanish fleets in particular, and with many photos of treasure. Estimate: $100-$150.

2011. Riley, Capt. James. An Authentic Narrative of the Loss of the American Brig Commerce, Wrecked on the Western Coast of Africa, in the Month of August, 1815 (1817), rare. HC, VG. A large and very musty but intact antique about the wreck of an early US ship off the coast of Africa and the subsequent wanderings of her survivors as Arab slaves in the Sahara desert, written by the ship’s “master and supercargo,” with 10 copper-plate engravings and a beginner’s guide to the Arabic language in the back. Estimate: $250-$375.

2012. Sebring, Thomas. Treasure Tales (1986), rare. HC, DJ, VF. Published in limited quantities just after Mel Fisher’s big Atocha find, this book about several different wrecks (with pictures of coins from them) became an instant classic and is still useful today for brief histories on several Spanish, Dutch, French and English wrecks of the mid-16th to early-18th centuries.

Estimate: $150-$225.

2013. Sullivan, George. Slave Ship: The Story of the Henrietta Marie (1994), accompanied by a copy of the August 2002 issue of National Geographic magazine with an article entitled “Henrietta Marie: Slave-Ship Wreck”. HB, DJ, Fine. Well-illustrated book about the only scientifically studied slave wreck in the US, found by Mel Fisher’s divers in 1972, its artifacts on display in Key West at the Mel Fisher Maritime Heritage Society, also covering a general history of the slave trade, along with a recent National Geographic magazine with an article about the ship and its salvage, an important companion lot to #1714 in this sale (an original artifact from the same wreck). Estimate: $35-$50.

2014. Storm, Alex. Canada’s Treasure Hunt (1967).

SC,

A small paperback (the only way it comes) about the finding and salvage of the Chameau wreck off Nova Scotia in 1965 by one of the divers, with diagrams and photos of gold and silver coins recovered. Estimate: $25-$40.

VG.

2009. Rascoe, Jesse. 1200 Treasure Books (1970). HC (issued without DJ), VG. A somewhat out-of-date bibliography of books on (mostly) land-hoard treasures, with a few shipwreck books listed as well. Estimate: $50-$75.

2015. Taylor, James. Gold from the Sea (1947). HC, DJ, VG. 2010. Riebe, Alan. Chronicles of Shipwrecks & Sunken Treasure, 900-1900 A.D. (undated, 2002?), autographed by author “David / Best Wishes”, very scarce (only a few printed). SC, VF. Large, chronological listing of shipwrecks around the world in a dauntingly large range of time periods, well illustrated, widely available on CD but no longer printed.

Estimate: $125-$200.

325

A classic book about the sinking and salvage of RMS Niagara, which sank with 8 tons of gold bullion off New Zealand during World War II. Estimate: $25-$40.

2016. Treasure Salvors (Mel Fisher). The Treasure of 1622 (1979). SC, VG. Large, profusely illustrated promotional pamphlet written before the big find in 1985 (but amended later to reflect that at the end), with mouth-watering photos of fabulous artifacts and coins. Estimate: $10-$15.

2017. Turner, Harry. The Gilt Dragon Incident (1963). 2018. Underbrink, Robert. Treasure Trove (1974). HC (issued A half-factual investigation behind the sinking of the Vergulde Draeck (1656) off Western Australia and the fate of her survivors, largely supplanted by actual finds in subsequent decades. Estimate: $70-$100.

HC, DJ, VF.

without DJ), VG. The subtitle of

this book says it all: An annotated bibliography of books concerning sunken gold, lost mines, and buried treasure. Also included are 7 “brief sketches” about some of the treasure troves in question. Estimate: $25-$40.

2019. Verrill, A. Hyatt. Lost Treasure—True Tales of Hidden Hoards (1930). HC, DJ, VG. A collection of stories about various land and sea treasures in Central and South America by an adventurous author.

Estimate: $75-$110.

2020. Wagner, Kip. Pieces of Eight, editor’s copy (first copy off the press) with penciled corrections, (1966), unique. SC, Fine. A pre-printing copy for final editing of this famous book (looks just like the book itself but with paper cover and changes marked in black felt-tip ink), truly a one-of-a-kind collectible for Real Eight and 1715-Fleet fans. The book is the original classic story about Kip Wagner and the Real Eight Co. and their salvage of the 1715 Fleet off the east coast of Florida, eminently readable and with excellent illustrations as well.

Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

2021. Wagner, Kip. Pieces of Eight (2nd printing, 1967), autographed by original 8 members of Real Eight Co. HC, DJ, VF. The original classic story about Kip Wagner and the Real Eight Co. and their salvage of the 1715 Fleet off the east coast of Florida, eminently readable and with excellent illustrations as well, especially valuable and sought-after when graced with the signatures of the original Real Eight members, as is the case here (missing only Harry Cannon). Estimate: $300-$450.

2024. Wilkins, Harold T. Captain Kidd and His Skeleton 2022. Wagner, Kip. Pieces of Eight (1st ed., 1966). HC, DJ, Island (Cassell edition, 1935). HC with digital reproduction of the Fine. The

original classic story about Kip Wagner and the Real Eight Co. and their salvage of the 1715 Fleet off the east coast of Florida, eminently readable and with excellent illustrations as well. First editions like this one are somewhat scarce.

Estimate: $50-$75.

DJ, VG. Famously

executed amid controversy over the fairness of his trial, Captain William Kidd was rumored to have buried many treasures. This classic book examines Kidd’s travails and his own charts and maps to encourage potential finders of the troves. Estimate: $75-$110.

2023. Weller, Bob “Frogfoot”. The Dreamweaver (1996), 2025. Woods, Dee. Blaze of Gold (1st ed., 1942), rare, inscribed by Mel Fisher: “Today’s the Day, Marge & Kirk!

Mel”. SC, VF. Nicely illustrated authorized biography of Mel Fisher, personally signed by him, a great and necessary read for treasure buffs. Estimate: $60-$90.

inscribed and autographed by author. HC, DJ, VF. A collection of tales about searching for treasure along the Gulf Coast of Texas, this important (and rare) copy inscribed by the author: “Yours till Carlota finds her priceless jewels / Dee Woods / ’43-” (in reference to the loss of Emperor Maximilian’s wife’s jewels in a wreck covered in the book). Also one of the few treasure books written by a woman. Estimate: $90-$135.

AUCTION CATALOGS 2026. Bowers & Merena (Los Angeles). The S.S. Brother 2027. Bowers & Merena (Long Beach, CA). Treasures of

Jonathan Treasure Coins (May 19, 1999), with Prices Realized. NM. Thin but important, this is the one and only catalog of coins from the steamship wreck Brother Jonathan (1865), one of only a handful of wrecks to have yielded Gold Rush-era US coins, with good background in front of catalog.

Pedigreed to the Tom Sebring Treasure Library. Estimate: $30-$45.

the World (June 5-6, 2002). NM. Very important shipwreck catalog that contains 17 silver “tumbaga” bars and coins from 15 other wrecks, with excellent histories on each. Pedigreed to the Tom Sebring Treasure Library. Estimate: $30-$45.

2028. Bowers & Merena (Kansas City, MO). Treasures of the S.S. Republic (April 7-8, 2005). NM. Thin but important, just 50 lots but all very expensive, this is the one and only catalog of coins from the steamship wreck S.S. Republic (1865), one of only a handful of wrecks to have yielded Gold Rush-era US coins, with good background in front of catalog. Pedigreed to the Tom Sebring Treasure Library. Estimate: $25-$40.

326

2029. Bowers & Ruddy Galleries (Los Angeles). The Harold A. Blauvelt, Ibero American and 1715 Spanish Treasure Fleet Collections (February 17-19, 1977). VG. Important classic catalog of 1715-Fleet gold and silver coins and artifacts. Pedigreed to the Tom Sebring Treasure Library.

Estimate: $25-$40.

2030. Butterfield & Butterfield (Caesar’s Palace, Las Vegas). Mel Fisher’s Treasures of the Atocha and her Sister Ship the Santa Margarita (September 26, 1987), with folder of promotional materials. VF. One of several promotional auctions of Atocha material after the main find, really some fabulous artifacts (coins, ingots, artifacts) but at extremely high estimates (Fisher prices) and all heavily reserved, the catalog for which is somewhat rare. Included in the accompanying promotional packet is the booklet The Treasure of 1622 by Treasure Salvors in Mint condition. Pedigreed to the Tom Sebring Treasure Library. Estimate: $75-$110.

2031. Christie’s (Amsterdam). The Bredenhof Bullion (December 4, 1986), with Prices Realized. NM. Thin but important, this is the one and only catalog of coins and ingots from the Dutch East Indiaman Bredenhof (1753), with good background in front of catalog. Pedigreed to the Tom Sebring Treasure Library. Estimate: $60-$90.

2032. Christie’s (Amsterdam). The Vung Tao Cargo (April 7, 1992). VF. Massive quantities of Chinese blue-on-white porcelains from a ca.-1690 wreck off southern Vietnam, near the beach resort town of Vung Tao. Estimate: $60-$90.

2035. Christie’s (London). Coins, Banknotes, Commemorative Medals and Treasure from Spanish Shipwrecks (April 28, 1993), with Prices Realized. NM. This is the auction when the collecting world first found out about “tumbaga” bars (silver and gold), offered in the catalog alongside finds from the Maravillas (1656) and the 1715 and 1733 Fleets, rare and in high demand. Pedigreed to the Tom Sebring Treasure Library. Estimate: $75-$110.

2036. Christie’s (New York). Gold and Silver of the Atocha and Santa Margarita (June 14-15, 1988), with Prices Realized. HB, DJ, NM. Probably the largest and most important treasure catalog of all time, featuring gold chains, astrolabes, many gold “finger” bars and huge silver bars from the Atocha and Santa Margarita, plus some gold cobs from the 1715 Fleet.

The intact Atocha Research Collection is also offered separately at the end of the catalog, right after a complete (encrusted) chest of coins. This catalog also comes in a more common softcover version. Pedigreed to the Tom Sebring Treasure Library.

Estimate: $75-$110.

2037. Christie’s (New York). Coins from the Wreck of H.M.S. Feversham (February 7, 1989), with Prices Realized. VF. Very thin but important catalog of coins from the Feversham (1711), including plugged silver cobs and Massachusetts Bay Colony shillings (but no gold), with excellent essay on the wreck and its coins in the front. Pedigreed to the Tom Sebring Treasure Library. Estimate: $30-$45.

2038. Christie’s (South Kensington). Sale of Artifacts from 2033. Christie’s (London). The Ceramic Cargo of a the Royal Navy’s First Invincible 1744-1758 (March 10, Medieval South Asian Trading Vessel (December 11, 1989), autographed by Michael Hatcher.

VF. Very thin but profusely illustrated catalog (very rare) of Thai-area (mostly Sawankhalok) stoneware from a 1200s1400s wreck in the South China Sea salvaged by Michael Hatcher (of “Nanking Cargo” fame), the proceeds all donated to Barnado’s Children’s Homes. Estimate: $100-$150.

2034. Christie’s (London). Spanish Art I: Treasure from the Maravillas (May 28, 1992), with Prices Realized. NM. Highly important catalog of coins and artifacts from the Maravillas (1656) recovered by Capt. Herbert Humphreys, Jr. and MAREX. Pedigreed to the Tom Sebring Treasure Library.

Estimate: $50-$75.

1988). NM. Scarce catalog of mundane but fascinating artifacts from the HMS Invincible, sunk in 1758 off the Isle of Wight, England. Pedigreed to the Tom Sebring Treasure Library. Estimate: $35-$50.

2039. Christie’s (South Kensington). Titanic Memorabilia and Maritime Pictures, Ephemera and Models (April 14, 1992), with Prices Realized. VF. This fascinating catalog was partly an offering of memorabilia related to the sinking of the Titanic (not artifacts from the wreck itself), but mostly is paintings and nautical antiques (octants, etc.) and ship models.

Pedigreed to the Tom Sebring Treasure Library. Estimate: $25-$40.

2040. Christie’s in association with Spink (New York).

Gold Rush Treasures from the SS Central America (December 14, 2000). HB, VF. Important hardbound catalog for the second auction of gold coins and bullion from the S.S. Central America (1857), a fabulous wealth of gold from the sea.

Pedigreed to the Tom Sebring Treasure Library. Estimate: $30-$45.

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2041. Dix Noonan Webb (London). The Santa Lucia Treasure (June 20, 2001). Fine. The first 306 lots of this auction (mostly coins but some artifacts) were famously stopped by injunction by the Italian government, who successfully laid claim to the wreck (believed to be the British ship Lion of 1841), thereby making this catalog an important collectible. Pedigreed to the Tom Sebring Treasure Library. Estimate: $50-$75.

2049. Lane & Son (Penzance). The Association Coin (September 24, 1974), with Prices Realized. VG. Classic catalog (with historical background) of coins and artifacts from the Association (1707), with interesting list of results, showing not only prices but also who bought what! Pedigreed to the Tom Sebring Treasure Library. Estimate: $75-$110.

2050. Lane & Son (Penzance). Sale of Sunken Treasure 2042. Glendining (London). Coins of the Netherlands (September 26, 1975). VG. An important offering of 9 different

Recovered from the Dutch East Indiaman De Liefde (October 28, 1969). NM. The classic auction of the DeLiefde (1711) finds (Dutch gold ducats and silver ducatoons) off the Shetland Isles. Pedigreed to the Tom Sebring Treasure Library.

Estimate: $75-$110.

wrecks off the British Isles, with historical background on each, riding on the heels of the success of the Hollandia and Association auctions by this firm in the two years prior. Pedigreed to the Tom Sebring Treasure Library. Estimate: $60-$90.

2051. Lane & Son (Penzance). Treasure from the Sea (June 2043. Glendining & Co. (London), Catalogue of Silver 1, 1983), signed by Rex Cowan (salvager featured in Coins of the United Provinces and the Spanish Netherlands with some artifacts recovered from the “Meeresteijn”, sunk near the Cape of Good Hope, 3rd April 1702 (October 1, 1975). VF. The classic auction of the Merestein (1702) finds (Dutch silver ducatoons and some artifacts) off South Africa. Estimate: $75-$110.

catalog), rare. NM. Throughout the 1970s this auction house became famous for shipwreck offerings, but they all but ceased in the early 1980s, and this is the last one known to us (the company now sells paintings), with coins and artifacts from 15 wrecks around the world. Estimate: $100-$150.

Hawaiian Collection and Treasure Coins (March 26-28, 1973). NM. This is the “forgotten” 1715 Fleet/Real Eight Co. auction that featured the Kip Wagner’s (“recently passed away”) collection of gold and silver cobs. Pedigreed to the Tom Sebring Treasure Library. Estimate: $30-$45.

Realized. NM. Important but unheralded catalog that contains coins from wrecks off Western Australia and elsewhere (Vergulde Draeck, Zuytdorp, Batavia, Emden and DeLiefde). Pedigreed to the Tom Sebring Treasure Library. Estimate: $25-$40.

Conception (May 14, 1982). VF. The one and only catalog of silver cobs (including some very important Colombian rarities) from the Concepción (1641), with excellent numismatic analysis and commentary. Pedigreed to the Tom Sebring Treasure Library.

Estimate: $50-$75.

(February 4, 1967), with promotional booklet of the same name. VF. The most important and scarcest of the early auctions of gold and silver cobs and artifacts from the 1715 Fleet, consigned by the Real Eight Co. Pedigreed to the Tom Sebring Treasure Library.

Estimate: $100-$150.

2052. Noble Numismatics Pty. Ltd. (Melbour ne, 2044. Harmer Rooke (New York). The Andrew Faller Australia). Sale No. 45 Part B (July 14-15, 1994), with Prices

2053. Parke-Ber net Galleries (New 2045. Henry Christensen (Madison, NJ). Treasures of the York). Treasure of the Spanish Main

2046. Hoare Auctions/TOREX (Toronto). Coins from the Wreck of the Feversham (February 26-27, 1993). NM. The slightly obscure “second auction” (after Christie’s) of silver coins from the Feversham (1711), with historical introduction.

Pedigreed to the Tom Sebring Treasure Library. Estimate: $30-$45.

2047. Lane & Son (Penzance). The Hollandia Treasure (September 21, 1973), signed by Rex Cowan (salvager featured in catalog). VF. Early and important catalog of coins and artifacts from the Hollandia (1743), now a classic, this copy signed by the man who spearheaded the salvage. Estimate: $75-$110.

2048. Lane & Son (Penzance). The Hollandia Treasure (September 21, 1973). VG. Early and important catalog of coins and artifacts from the Hollandia (1743), now a classic. Pedigreed to the Tom Sebring Treasure Library. Estimate: $50-$75.

2054. Parke-Bernet Galleries (New York). Recovered Treasure from Le Chameau (December 10-11, 1972). VF. Scarce classic catalog of artifacts and gold and silver coins from Le Chameau (1725), with very useful historical and numismatic information. Pedigreed to the Tom Sebring Treasure Library.

Estimate: $75-$110.

2055. Ponterio & Associates, Inc. (Pasadena, CA). Swedish Plate Money—The Nicobar Find (Sale #39) (January 27, 1990), with Prices Realized. VF. Thin but important, this is the one and only catalog of Swedish copper “plate money” coins from the Danish East Indiaman Nicobar (1783), with excellent introduction in the front of the catalog, also with 2 loose sheets about the wreck and coins taken from the MoneyTalks newsletter. Pedigreed to the Tom Sebring Treasure Library.

Estimate: $30-$45.

328

2056. Ponterio & Associates, Inc. (Rosemont, IL). La Capitana (Sale #99) (April 10, 1999), with Prices Realized.

NM. An extremely important and useful catalog for researchers of Potosí countermarked and transitional coins of 1649-1652, being the official offering of finds from the Capitana (1654), with essays in the front showing all the different known Types.

Pedigreed to the Tom Sebring Treasure Library. Estimate: $30-$45.

2057. Ponterio & Associates, Inc. C.I.C.F’06, featuring specie recovered from the “Rooswijk” (March 31 and April 1, 2006). NM. Important first offering of coins and silver bars from the Rooswijk (1739), with background information and history, leading off a general auction of world coins. Estimate: $40-$60.

2058. Robertson, J.A. (salvager).

Treasure from the Sea (undated, 1975), signed twice by Robertson, very rare.

Stapled sheets, Fine. Very spartan and somewhat amateurish auction catalog of the finds of one diver on one wreck (Merestein, 1702), first example we have ever seen or heard of. Estimate: $100-$150.

2063. Sedwick, Daniel Frank. Set of Treasure Auction catalogs #1-5 (May, 2007, through April, 2009). NM. Quickly becoming classic references, our previous auction catalogs are rarely (if ever) seen for sale and were printed in limited quantities to begin with.

Each catalog offers hundreds of shipwreck coins (and other treasures) from dozens of wrecks, all fully illustrated in color, the only such auction catalogs of their kind. Estimate: $100-$150.

2064. Serge Laramee (Quebec). 1989 Canadian Numismatic Assn. Auction (July 28-30, 1989). Fine. Obscure but important catalog that featured coins from the Tilbury (1757), the first such offering. Pedigreed to the Tom Sebring Treasure Library. Estimate: $50-$75.

2065. Serge Laramee (Quebec). Nuphilex 1989 Auction

2059. San Diego Coin Show. Treasures of the Nuestra Señora de Atocha (September 19, 1987), with Prices Realized. NM. Thin but important catalog, the first “fair” auction of Atocha (1622) coins and ingots and artifacts (sold for numismatic prices), with brief introduction and history.

Pedigreed to the Tom Sebring Treasure Library. Estimate: $75-$110.

(November 24-26, 1989). NM. A follow-up to the July 1989 auction of coins from the Tilbury (1757), this catalog even scarcer than the first but quite a bit more limited in the amount of material from the wreck. Pedigreed to the Tom Sebring Treasure Library. Estimate: $50-$75.

2066. Sotheby & Co. (London). Treasure Recovered from the Site of H.M.S. Association (July 14, 1969). NM. Important classic catalog of coins and artifacts from the Association (1707). Pedigreed to the Tom Sebring Treasure Library.

Estimate: $40-$60.

2060. Schulman (New York). Treasure of Two Oceans 2067. Sotheby & Co. (London). Catalogue of Coins and

2061. Schulman Coin & Mint (New

Other Artifacts Recovered from the Wreck of the Dutch East-Indiaman “Hollandia” (Sunk 1743) (April 18, 1972), signed by Rex Cowan (salvager featured in catalog). Mint.

Highly important classic catalog of coins and artifacts from the Hollandia (1743), with essays and many photos of the salvage team, including their leader Rex Cowan, who signed this pristine copy for posterity. Estimate: $100-$150.

York). Spanish Galleon Treasure (November 27-29, 1972). NM. Important early auction of gold and silver coins (plus a few ingots and artifacts) from the 1715 Fleet, with excellent introductory essay in the front by Calicó. Pedigreed to the Tom Sebring Treasure Library. Estimate: $50$75.

2068. Sotheby & Co. (London). Catalogue of Coins and Other Artifacts Recovered from the Wreck of the Dutch East-Indiaman “Hollandia” (Sunk 1743) (April 18, 1972).

NM. Highly important classic catalog of coins and artifacts from the Hollandia (1743), with essays and many photos of the salvage team. Pedigreed to the Tom Sebring Treasure Library. Estimate: $75$110.

2062. Schulman Coin & Mint (New York). Gold and Silver Coins of the Spanish World from the Maravilla (December 2-4, 1974). NM. Classic catalog of coins and ingots from the Maravillas (1656) and 1715 Fleet, with important introductory photo-essay by Calbetó on Potosí countermarks. Pedigreed to the Tom Sebring Treasure Library. Estimate: $50-$75.

2069. Sotheby & Co. (London). Catalogue of Coins and Other Artifacts Recovered from the Wreck of the Dutch East-Indiaman “Hollandia” (Sunk 1743) (April 18, 1972).

NM. Highly important classic catalog of coins and artifacts from the Hollandia (1743), with essays and many photos of the salvage team. Estimate: $75-$110.

(February 6-8, 1969). NM. The title of this classic catalog refers to the “Lucayan Beach wreck” (ca. 1628) and the Vergulde Draeck (“Gilt Dragon,” 1656), coins from which are offered here amidst general world coins. Pedigreed to the Tom Sebring Treasure Library.

Estimate: $40-$60.

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2070. Sotheby & Co. (London). Treasure Recovered off the Shetland Isles (November 8, 1973), with Prices Realized. NM. Important classic catalog of coins and artifacts recovered by Robert Sténuit off several different (and relatively obscure) wrecks off the Shetland Isles, with excellent introduction. Pedigreed to the Tom Sebring Treasure Library.

Estimate: $75-$110.

2071. Sotheby Parke Bernet (New York). Coins and Other Artifacts from the Wreck of the Dutch East Indiaman Hollandia (June 20, 1972). NM. A smaller, sort of “sister auction” to the Sotheby & Co. (London) offering of similar material from the same wreck in the same year, this catalog much scarcer. Pedigreed to the Tom Sebring Treasure Library.

Estimate: $75-$110.

2072. Sotheby Parke Bernet (Los Angeles). Treasure of the Spanish Main (June 17-19, 1973).

VF. As stated in the introduction, this was the third Real Eight Co. sale of 1715-Fleet treasures (following Parke-Bernet and Schulman) and the first to be held on the west coast, offering many gold and silver cobs and artifacts, an important and rather scarce catalog that very typically comes with loose binding (this copy being no exception). Pedigreed to the Tom Sebring Treasure Library. Estimate: $100-$150.

2076. Spink (London). The Douro Cargo (November 21, 1996). VF. Thousands of British gold sovereigns from one wreck (Douro, 1882), plus a smattering of other gold coins, presented with historical background. Pedigreed to the Tom Sebring Treasure Library. Estimate: $30-$45.

2077. Spink (London). The Clive of India Treasure (September 28, 2000). NM. A scarce catalog of Portuguese and Brazilian gold coins from a mysterious find related to Clive’s gold consignment aboard the Dodington (1755) off South Africa, diminished in size but heightened in controversy due to injunction by the South African government leading up to the sale. Estimate: $40-$60.

2078. Spink New York. Ancient, Foreign and United States Coins and Medals (December 10-11, 2001). NM. A general world coins catalog that featured the “Isla de Muerto treasure” (now known to be Consolación of 1681) in improperly conserved condition and poorly attributed, held just before the auction company went out of business. Estimate: $40-$60.

2079. Stack’s (New York). Ancient & Foreign Coins (March 15-16, 1979). Fine. A general world coins catalog that is important for the fact that it contained 9 lots of silver talers from the Batavia (1629), a very rare wreck, presented only as “A Consignment of Undersea Talers”. Pedigreed to the Tom Sebring Treasure Library. Estimate: $25-$40.

2080. Stack’s (New York). Americana Sale (January 12-

2073. Sotheby’s (Geneva). The Saudi Arabian Silver Royals Recovered from the S.S. John Barry (November 16, 1995), with brochure about the wreck. NM. Crazy auction catalog for ONE LOT of “approximately 1.3 million” coins from this World War II-era wreck (the entire find), with historical background, the coins later sold promotionally with the accompanying booklet. Pedigreed to the Tom Sebring Treasure Library. Estimate: $30-$45.

2074. Sotheby’s (New York). The Uruguayan Treasure of the River Plate (March 24-25, 1993), with Prices Realized. VF. A fabulous offering of gold coins and ingots from what was later determined to be the Luz (1752), with excellent numismatic analysis and photos throughout. Pedigreed to the Tom Sebring Treasure Library. Estimate: $25-$40.

2075. Sotheby’s (New York). Treasures from the S.S. Central America (December 8-9, 1999), with Prices Realized and other material. VG. This famous “first auction” of gold bars and coins from the S.S. Central America (1857) was halted by injunction and rescheduled for June 2000, making the original catalog (this copy with explanation letter, revised estimates and results) very important and rare, this copy unfortunately with loose binding. Pedigreed to the Tom Sebring Treasure Library. Estimate: $30-$45.

13, 1999), with Prices Realized. NM. General world catalog that contains significant offerings of coins from the Feversham (1711) and Le Chameau (1725), including the first gold cobs ever offered from the former wreck. Pedigreed to the Tom Sebring Treasure Library. Estimate: $25-$40.

2081. Superior Galleries (Beverly Hills, CA). The June 2nd, 1992 Sale—Ancient Coins, Antiquities and Coins of the World including Coins of the Reijgersdaal Shipwreck (June 2, 1992). VF. Large offering of pillar dollars from the Reijgersdaal (1747), with 2-page historical background. Pedigreed to the Tom Sebring Treasure Library. Estimate: $25-$40.

2082. Trabucco/Trump Regency Hotel (Atlantic City, NJ). Treasure Auction ‘93 (January 28, 1993). NM. Thin but profusely illustrated promotional auction catalog with sumptuous offerings (coins and artifacts) from many different wrecks at sky-high estimates and reserves, the kicker being a $1,000 entrance fee to bid. Pedigreed to the Tom Sebring Treasure Library. Estimate: $50-$75.

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END OF SALE THANK YOU FOR YOUR PARTICIPATION IN OUR TREASURE AUCTION #6

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Daniel Frank Sedwick, LLC Treasure Auction #6 (October 15-16, 2009)

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