Understanding Signal Transmission in Fiber Optic Cables

Understanding​ ​Signal​ ​Transmission​ ​in Fiber​ ​Optic​ ​Cables The primary function of fiber optic cables is to send signals across long distances. The transmission of these signals takes place in the form of light. This answers for the speed of broadcast and its zero interference​ ​with​ ​other​ ​electronic​ ​devices​ ​around.

How​ ​does​ ​it​ ​actually​ ​work?

Each of the cables constitutes thin strands of glass, which we often hear of as ‘fiber optics.’ These pieces of glass form the core of these cables and facilitate the major task of sending data, assisted

by Fiber Optic Patch Cords. But doesn’t light travel in waves, spreading​ ​straight​ ​from​ ​its​ ​point​ ​of​ ​diffraction?

Yes, absolutely. Then how do light bend around corners while running through the length of the fiber optic cable? Let’s try to unravel​ ​the​ ​science​ ​that​ ​goes​ ​behind​ ​it.

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How​ ​Light​ ​Bends​ ​through​ ​Fiber​ ​Optic​ ​Cables?

The​ ​Mirror​ ​Effect When you show a flashlight beam across a hallway, you will see the length of the light extending till the next bend but won’t be able to see anything further. But placing a mirror on the corner does the trick. You can now see the light bending further. This is because the mirror reflects the light. That’s exactly how the ​fiber optic cables basically​ ​work.

Internal​ ​Reflection The reflection on which these cables operate is often termed as ‘total internal reflection’. That’s because when you send the light signal, the light remains within the cable and reflects internally.

This​ ​also​ ​ensures​ ​the​ ​data​ ​isn’t​ ​lost​ ​during​ ​the​ ​transmission.

But the signals sent through fiber optic cables eventually degrade.

That’s because of the decay of the signal either due to the wavelength​ ​or​ ​the​ ​affected​ ​purity​ ​of​ ​the​ ​optic​ ​glass.

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Why​ ​so?

The wavelengths that fiber optic cables utilize to send over information are much longer than the light visible to use. We call these invisible ranges of long light ‘infrared’. These infrared waves are when passed through the fiber optic cables weakens the transmission​ ​of​ ​data​ ​either​ ​by​ ​absorption​ ​and​ ​scattering.

So, basically, the length of the waves reduces the accentuation of the fiber optic cable. And if we use longer waves with lower frequencies, it would result in heat interference. The temperature of​ ​surrounding​ ​objects​ ​will​ ​thus​ ​be​ ​affected​ ​resulting​ ​in​ ​signal​ ​loss.

How​ ​to​ ​Ensure​ ​Maximum​ ​Utilization?

Though fiber optic cables do eventually degrade, getting good quality cables and accessories can increase its life significantly. For optimum functioning, consider buying quality cables. The wavelength of a typical good quality fiber optic cable varies from 850​ ​to​ ​1550​ ​nanometers.

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The accessories are equally important. The ​fiber optic patch cords that connect the devices through which the information transmits should also be of best quality. Often the patch cords decay and are assumed as cable decay, resulting in increased cost investment.

Therefore, it’s always a great idea to get your electronics supply only from branded and reliable manufacturers. It’s not only important for the longevity of the supplies but is also imperative from​ ​the​ ​point​ ​of​ ​view​ ​of​ ​safety.

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