Design Thesis Transxurban

SHAHRUL RIDHWAN SHAHRUDDIN

TRANSXURBAN

PROLOGUE The topic for USE design studio for year 2016 was to develop projects and spatial strategies for a site located along the Rheinische Strasse in Dortmund/ Germany. The area is currently undergoing substantial changes as an urban regeneration area called Stadtumbaugebiet Rheinische Strasse. As part of Emscherkunst 2016, Urbane Kuenste Ruhr (UKR) and students from the Kunstakademie Muenster and student from USE will be staging artistic interventions in this area which are chosen through a competion.

My approach for the year was to develop design through urban planning of large scale interventions towards small scale design intervention. This is to critically explore the potential impact of the design to every contextual elements.

Transit systems around the world are invoking the idea of quick commuting that simply seems easy.

Meanwhile, I see transition space of urban transit in architecture as an act of social intervention. It acts as guidance for the user of the space in term of direction and time. Due to greater extension of use of transitional space, it usually accommodates various type of user. Therefore, my design thesis explores spaces in transition of urban transit that potentially act as a catalyst for social linkage within an urban development.

The main approach for the design is to create a dispersed centralities lingkage in Rheinische Str. through modification of the relations between the transitional space and the public / common spaces. Challenging the tendency to segregation of the existing urban fabric, it is attempted to distribute functions in a way to mobilize the area in the scale of the neighborhood.

Considers the actual urban expansion (due to the densification process and extension of its limits); it was to understand the transitional space in its relationship with the existing urban layout; working the architecture of transportation and communication, where the outstanding and regulative elements are pedestrian circulations, modal changes and road accessibility. The proposed centralities are meant to achieve a degree of autonomy and at the same time, to structure an urban layout that works as a whole.

NOTES To simplify and to organize overall design development, the analysis were subdivide into parts. This is to analyze on different scale analysis from large to small.

keywords: node;

sector;

cluster;

point of intersection between two or more sectors; at least one transit station of U-bahn and bus. different area of development in Union Viertel used for site analysis of masterplan. eg: Residential area, Commercial area, etc. combination of one or two fragments. Smaller scale analysis to understand the relationship of different use of space and existing buildings.

fragment;

smallest scale analysis to study the existing infrastructure and local activity.

modules;

space unit for design.

transition;

transit;

elements or space between places or journey. intermediate point of a journey.

N

node 4 node 3

node 2

node 1

Site: Union Viertel, Dortmund, Germany

node

sector

node

sector

cluster

fragment

cluster

fragment

50m

200m

75m

different scale of analysis

300m

sector

notes: City of Dortmund is an independent city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is in the middle part of the state and is considered to be the administrative, commercial and cultural centre of the Ruhr region. Dortmund also serves as a major European and German crossroads for the Autobahnsystem.

The Ruhrschnellweg follows old Hanseatic trade routes to connect the city with the other metropolises of the Ruhr Area. It crosses the Dutch-German border as a continuation of the Dutch A67 and crosses the Rhine, leads through the Ruhr valley toward Bochum, becoming B 1 (Bundesstraße 1) at the Kreuz Dortmund West and eventually mergeing into the A 44 near Holzwickede. It has officially been named Ruhrschnellweg (Ruhr Fast Way), but locals usually call it Ruhrschleichweg (Ruhr Crawling Way) or “the Ruhr area’s longest parking lot”. According to Der Spiegel, it is the most congested motorway in Germany.

THE SITE: UNION QUARTER, DORTMUND

The elevations of the urbanscape Public transport facilities Populations per sector FOCUS 1

FOCUS 2

FOCUS 3

FOCUS 4

POINT OF INTEREST

Panoramic view of the area highlighted spots for possible intervention

FOCUS 5

“

Transition space in architecture is as an act of social intervention. Within the urban area, transition space usually refered as urban corridor; rather than space of use, it is a space for commute in between two places. It is space between indoor and outdoor, space between time and reality. Transitional space can be defined in various method. It is usually act as guidance for the user of the space in term of direction and time. Due to greater extension of use of transitional space, it usually accomodate various type of user. Therefore, the design find that this is the space that potentially act as a catalyst for social linkage within an urban development.

What is the transition in urban transport?

TRANSITIONAL SPACE Transition – an in between state, in Architecture defined as the connecting space between two confined spaces.

Architectural spaces are incomplete without transition spaces.

“Architectural spaces that envelop us like a physical presence, simple and dense, defying description imitation and photography. . . . universal, yet present. The exterior is simple leading to greater levels of mystery surprise and memory, creating poetic changes of light and shade . . . guiding us through its spaces . . . .”

Alvarso Siz on Mexican Architecture

CONCEPTUAL STRATEGY

It’s not a secret that those who commute in urban spaces feel the wear of it daily. While it’s a necessity, it can also be stressful and extremely time consuming. Plenty of commuters easily spend hours of their day in transit, making the trek to and from wherever they are heading becomes a central theme of their daily lives.

The idea of making commuting something more than an obligation is essential; ways to make commuting a lifestyle. The goal is to take the stigma out of commuting and make it a life experience in and of itself where time doesn’t seem to be lost, but maybe even gained.

DESIGN CONCEPT

The strategy is to design systems that allow for people to experience life in motion. It’s not enough to be carried from point A to point B—passengers should be inspired and productive along the way.

“Whether you live in an urban space full-time or commute in from the surrounding suburbs, the architecture of transit is a force to be reckoned with on a daily basis” - Shelley, Urbanist Rheinische Str.

[ DESIGN CONCEPT ]

TRANSITION SPACE OF URBAN TRANSIT

The idea of ‘Transition’ in Urban transit can be defined as; if one in a journey from two different location; A and B; the whole journey will undergo diffferent layers of transition space. If one decided to stop in the middle of its journey A to B, this layer provide guidance and direction in some many ways to lead to another point; C. Transition cannot be considered only as element involved in one journey to one destination, but as the journey diverted to another point, it is also considered as transition; from one transition space to another destination.

So, what is the architectural elements that shape the whole system of transition? This was further developed in the project..

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Transition; noun; the process or a period of changing from one state or condition to another. verb; undergo or cause to undergo a process or period of transition.

Shinjuku station Shinjuku station, west entrance, Tokyo, 1970. By far busiest transport hub in the world, with an average 3.65 million passengers a day (2007). The station is infused into the city, having over 200 entrances and exits. Were does the city end and the station begin?

RESEARCH QUESTION

PRECEDENT STUDY

- What would happen if the infrastructure were to be re-organised; if bus, tube, train and pedestrian became interchangeable. How do they meet?

- What would these new intersections and three- dimensional relationships look like?

- Is there anyone who practically lives in this space?

- Permeability of the transition space; day/night. Could it be re-organised to promote permeability?

- How do we reorganise this permeability?

Keiya Ōuchida’s ’69 Spring-Autumn Underground Plaza

The rallies

Analysis start

Rest

Shop

Stunning Underground Art In Stockholmâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Metro Station Eat

Transition

Communicate

Sleep

Work

end

Subject

Transition

Transit station in Naples, Italy

Material Colour

Method Mimicry

Sound Lighting

Volume

Sense of welcoming

Texture

Sense of Belonging

Mood and experience

Criteria to achieve

Grand Paris Express ring-route rail project

If one in a journey, the transition space is a intersession point where various activities take place. The architecture of transition space of urban transit, more or less is to provide flexibility and conveniency for each activities take place in one location

DESIGN STRATEGY

As the ideology of transition is massively wide, personal analogical analysis (experience) were made to interprate the idea of transition.

Rheinische Str.

AIM Creating dispersed centralities lingkage in Rheinische Str. through modification of the relations between the transitional space and the public / common spaces. Challenging the tendency to segreation of the existing urban fabric, it is attempted to distribute functions in a way to mobilize the area in the scale of the neighbourhood. The proposed centralities are meant to achieve a degree of autonomy and at the same time, to structure an urban layout that works as a whole.

HOW? Could the commuters, passengers and other passers-by through the transitional space of urban transit interact in some manner with the permanent communities outside the space. How is this done in a physical manner? Could the transitional space be deconstructed, leaving only its basic infrastructure/structure, relocating its displaced functions to its immediate surroundings. The naked structure could then be manipulated (cut, extended, castinto, propped-up) in order to house a new series of more community-conscious functions/events. Interior perhaps becomes exterior?

Hypothesis based on the unique conditions that a transport interchange creates .The meeting of these flows at a single point, generates a situation with almost unlimited potential for triggering and supporting public life.

Considers the actual urban expansion (due to the densification process and extension of its limits); understanding the transitional space in its relationship with the existing urban layout; working the architecture of transportation and communication, where the outstanding and regulative elements are pedestrian circulations, modal changes and road accessibility.

Allow continuity of the axes at the conjunction of a pedestrian promenade with a main road and railroad track. As a sort of urban bridge, the transportation center spans over the road and railroad tracks, creating a linkage within the site.

In conjunction to overall masterplan, 4 Main stations along the Rheinische Str have become my nodes for site intervention as I will look at how this 4 main stations can be integrated in my overall masterplan. This selection of nodes are based on the centrality of this transition spaces in supporting different mode of public transports (4 scale of transport) as I shown in early slide.

HeinrichstraĂ&#x;e

OttostraĂ&#x;e

NODE A

NODE B

Westentor

UnionstraĂ&#x;e

NODE C

NODE D

ANALOGICAL THOUGHT DESIGN STUDY

Anotation and analysis were made based on my personal interpretation as I walked along the Rheinische Str. The diagrams on the right is my anotation looking at dominant elements along the street such as retail, carpark, vacant space, and etc and how these elements are response towards the transitional elements of urban transit such as the people, transport, landscape, and etc.

The analysis is to find the relationship of the surrounding context and the transitional space that provide mutual experience for the user in urban transition. note: Doted line indicates movement Grey graph indicates the senses where the wider the graph, the stronger the elements to give impact on personal transition.

ANALYSIS DATA

es sib ili ty

Greenary

Ac ce ss ib ili ty

Infrastructure

Pe op le

Pe op le

Greenary

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Vehicle

Westentor

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Infrastructure

Unionstraße

Pe op le

t or sp an Tr

Greenary

es sib ili ty

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Heinrichstraße

Vehicle

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Ac c

Activities

t en em ov M

t en em ov M

Ac ce ss ib ili ty

t or sp an Tr

t or sp an Tr

Vehicle

Greenary

Greenary

Ac c ic bl Pu

ic bl Pu

+

Activities

Pe op le

Pe op le

Ofenstraße

Infrastructure

Ottostraße

Vehicle

t en em ov M

es sib ili ty

+

Vehicle

t en em ov M

Ac c

t or sp an Tr

t or sp an Tr

Activities

+

Activities

Infrastructure

Infrastructure

ic bl Pu

ic bl Pu

Activities

ANALYSIS

From the personal anotation study, scale analysis is made for each transition space (stations) to identify the impact of the elements to different transition spaces. This will help to structure the whole masterplan by looking at improvement that can be made, the programs that can be injected and to re organize the existing system of transit in the design.

INFRASTRU Transit Space

Pedestria

Integrated waiting space (transit) Need + practical

Regenaration of pede between the transition existing urban contex better flow

+

+

+ Re-evaluating and re-planning the existing vehicular and pedestrian layout; to improve the flexibility of overall network

+ Creating an interchange meeting point of different mode of transport aimed to provide better accessibility and enhance the permeability of the urban layout

Network

Ingress + egress

MOBILITY

From the analysis, 3 strategies were established to be looked in the design.

These strategies will be applied in the site analysis (macro) and overall design masterplanning

UCTURE

an

Adaptive re-use

Re-application of existing structure as part of the design elements

estrian linkage nal space and xt that provide w

+

+

+

By study the relationship of existing activities that happen on the site, it is expected to link this events in the design by proposing an event space that will become a support for the urban development in the area

Regeneration of health and safety for the urban commuters

Vocational activities

Rehabilitation

LIVELIHOOD

Medium of transport

Tansit Hub

THE MASTERPLAN SCHEME

Transitional space

Individual End

REGIONAL L

LOCAL

M

The idea for overall masterplan is to create dispersed centralities lingkage in Rheinische Str. through modification of the relations between the transitional space and the public / common spaces. From different mode of transport, the whole system will be rearranged into integrated system that provide flexibility in term of transit. This is to achieve a degree of autonomy and at the same time, to structure an urban layout that works as a whole.

S NEIGHBORHOOD

Ottostraße

Ofenstraße

Heinrichstraße

SITE ANALYSIS

Unionstraße

Westentor

MASTERPLAN

DESIGN TYPOLOGY : SITES

SELECTED SITE: NODE 3; Unionstraße

FOCUS 4 : Unionstraße

Scheme - Connecting and strengthen existing and new networks of infrastructure and public tranport Together with a network of tramp, underground, bus, bicycle and taxi stops, the design filled with volumes, ramps and ceilings according to its needs and possible expansion, forms the ‘heart’ of the new mobility setup for this area.

DESIGN

‘STATION’

Programs under one roof

1

2

PROGRAMS: MAIN APPROACH

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MAIN APPROACH

N IDEA FOR THE IMPLICATION OF TRANSITION WITHIN AN URBAN AREA

SCATTERED PROGRAMS

CITY AS STATION

Programs are distribute to increase the interaction with surroundings

3

Duo-interaction of space function

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PROGRAMS ANALOGY

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ELEMENTS OF TRANSITION

SYSTEM : PROGRAMS ANALOGY

ARRIVAL

change mode of transport

People arrive at station, exit from the station

Once exit, people have different destination which may lead to different direction.

Journey and transition route are vary and the activity througout the transition depends on the time and destination

TRANSITION

DESTINATION

+

â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;TransxUrban transition ideology and scope of intervention

Despite the events and activity that happen on site, one immediately arrive at destination after transit

After going through different daily events, one arrive at destination

trougout the journey, people are going through different spaces and daily events. The idea is to see this different activities as potential for social linkage where one meet new people, new programs and for people to socialize

SITE CONDITION : Fragment 01 located in between college and office, the open space used as a courtyard for activities such as performance, art istallation and market. One underground exit/ entrance is located inthe fragment provide aeasy accesibility to underground station Area: 1046m2 Adjacent building: Office, College destination: College and office

Fragment 02 Use as open courtyard for the college for collegeâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s activity. On ground level, there is an open hall for multipurpose use.

Area: 584m2 Adjacent building: College destination: College

Fragment 03 vancant lot in between two commercials, use as entrance for additional car park for residential Area: 271m2 Adjacent building: Commercial, residential

LANDMARKS AND POTENTIAL FRAGMENTS Fragment 04 Vacant lot next to commercial building and residential.

Located near to bus stop that connected to the main road.

Currently use as storage and dump site Area: 521m2 Adjacent building: Retails, Residential, Bustop, destination: residential, bus stop

Fragment 05 Unionstrabe underground UBahn station Area 1011m2 Adjacent building: Underground Station

Fragment 06 End Corner of the site, next to new develoment area of retail and commercial complex Area 558m2 Adjacent building: Retails and commercial

Rooftop of existing 1 floor level building

Based on previous site study, it is found that there are several area/ spaces that potentially to be integrated in the design. As the main approach of the design is to connect new programs (supporting) to existing programs, the use of existing structure as part of the design is seen as potential that can be considered.

Ground level of college building

Ground level and rooftop 2 levels college building Empty plot

REDEFINE ROUTES for everyday events in transition on site

UnionstraĂ&#x;e underground A unionstrasse station

Retail

Residential

B Office route

College addministration office

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Main roa

route C College Westfallen Kollege

Residential route D residential

Park

A UnionstraĂ&#x;e underground

route E Retails Sweet Chilli, Masai Afroshop

REDEFINE ROUTES

B Office route

C College route and park route F Leisure West Park landmarks / important buildings exits for underground station

N

Westfallen-Kollege Retail Residential Office/ Kollege

Main road

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Main road

Residential

To develop the design, I redefine few new routes as a guide. This is attempt to study different journey of people from one station with different exits towards different destination. The events and activity along the journeys are noted as follows:

Retails area

Retails area

Park

A UnionstraĂ&#x;e underground

B Office route Residential route

D

Retails route

E

C College route

F Leisure and park route

landmarks / important buildings exits for underground station

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PROGRAMS DEVELOPMENT

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OVERALL PROGRAMS Based on the previous study of routes, existing activities and use of existing spaces, it is attempt to reorganize new system of â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;transitionâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; in which a basic facilities in common transit station is integrated within the area to create interaction of existing events and activities with new programs. This study is again back to the main approach, to see a city as a station.

Apartment building Office College

Rheinesche Strasse

Residential park

Comercial area

Underground Exit

The design then further developed through massing and circulation. Each massing and circulation are based on the previous study; ant attempted to optimize the interaction between new programs and existing programs on site. For example, exhibition-based programs are mosty placed on second level; which connect different leisure and waiting-based programs to encourage people to circulate within the area.

Public spaces such as performance-based programs are linked to existing building to optimize interaction.

Services located near to the existing building and underground exits for better circulation.

Pedestrian link and building connector Services and facilities based programs Waiting area and leisure based programs Event and performance based programs

station service

leisure

services

greenary

performance

waiting

library

cafe

pedestrian

Gallery

PROGRAMS DEVELOPMENT

To further develop design, different programs is rearranged in different fragments of site. The design consider the combination or integration of more than one programs in one fragment.

The combination of programs are based on people need and the better supportive programs/facilities in oneâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s route or journey towards different destination.

APPLICATION ON SITE

CONNECTION OF DIFFERENT MODULES one unit module

additional panels for circulation

additional panels for circulation

To provide a better circulation, some grids are accomodate additional panels for circulation rather than one complete module.

MODULES DESIGN

6m / 8m

F MODULE A

Prefab reinforced concrete panel 6m

Prefab reinforced concrete panel Each panels are flexible to rotate according to design.

4m

4m

Standard size of panels is used for every design, up to 4mx6m 2m 2m

A B

Prefab staircase and seating

2m 4m

MODULES FLEXIBILITY

2m

grid of 2mx2m is used as guide for the modules design

2m 500mm

Prefab reinforced concrete panel- small size

Prefab reinforced concrete panel - large size

C

windows, doors and shading panel

2m

FLEXIBILITY OF MODULE

Prefab reinforced concrete panel Each panels are flexible to rotate according to design.

2m Standard size of panels is used for every design, up to 4mx6m

2m

A

60o / 30o

C

grid of 2mx2m is used as guide for the modules design

options: windows, doors and shading panel

Prefab reinforced concrete panel- small size

Connection and secondary structure system

Primary structure

Mock Up - Study Model

B

Prefab reinforced concrete panel - large size

Axonometric drawings for the modules The flexible design is the main criteria to be achieved in the modules design. Various size of prefab concrete panels is design and installed on site reduce time for construction.

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11

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400x400mm reinforced concrete collumn 200x200mm reinforced concrete collumn 2000x4000mm prefabricated reinforced concrete wall panel 50mm thick brown oiled oak floor board 100mm thick acoustic mineral wool 2000x4000mm prefabricated reinforced concrete floor panel reinforcement bar for primary structure Timber shading device to manuf’s details 100mm thk insulation layer

10.

50mm thk corrugated metal sheets 11.

2000x2000mm prefabricated reinforced floor panel 12. metal bar to manuf’s details 13. connector to manuf’s details 14. floor purlin to manuf’s details 15. foundation

ARRANGEMENT : SYSTEM MODULES Taking example of one fragment, the exploded diagram show the arrangment of modules. in this fragment, the main modules consist of leisure modules, waiting modules, service modules, theatre module, and library modules. Modules are arranged with internal courtyard for greenary at the centre of the fragment.

The overal massing perspective view of cluster 1. pedestrian walkway link different cluster within the node area of masterplan.

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a libr central courtyard

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exploded modules in fragment 1 with central courtyard. library module arranged next to the college building, provide additional system for existing programs in the building

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CONCEPTUAL ILLSUSTRATIONS

conceptual Illustration show different level of building connection and spaces. Located in between college and office, the structure is used for art installation and exhibition

INTERNAL COURTYARD WITH DIFFERENT MODULES FACING THE COURTYARD located in between college and office, the open space used as a courtyard for activities such as performance, art istallation and market. One underground exit/ entrance is located inthe fragment provide easy accesibility to underground station

BIRDâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;S-EYE VIEW The bird eyeâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s view of overall design on site.

The design of the architectural facade of the building is based on the environmental analysis study. More detail on the facade is on technology section of portfolio or in tech portfolio.

PLANS

4 Main Hall

main space for events

5 Library and leisure

integrated with adjacent buildings (college library)

4 5

6 Exhibition and performance open space at centre of the building

6

3 Gallery and Exhibition

connected to classroom of college building

college

7 Cafe and library

8

integrated with adjacent buildings (college library)

3 7

8 Waitng and leasure

Facilities for bus stop Union

3 Waiting area and performance main floor area

2 1

9 Waiting area and cafe integrated space with adjacent buildings (restaurant)

9 1 Waiting area and cafe integrated space with adjacent buildings (restaurant)

Key Legends

N

1. Gallery and exhibition 2. Pedestrian link

A’

3. Performance and event 4. Waiting module 5. Leisure 6. Services 7. Theatre 8. Cafe 9. Ground canopy 10. Library 11. Courtyard 12. Underground Station 13. Bustop

B’ B’

10

14. Office

11 8

14

12

A’

LOWERGROUND PLAN 1:200 in A1 reduced size to A3 5

Key Legends

N

1. Gallery and exhibition 2. Pedestrian link

13

A’

3. Performance and event 4. Waiting module 5. Leisure 6. Services

8

10 4

6

7. Theatre 8. Cafe

13

11

9. Ground canopy

6 3

10. Library

8 8

5

11. Courtyard 12. Underground Station

4

13. Bustop

B’

6

14 Office

Retail

B’

10 10 8

Rheinische Srasse

7 6

9

A’

GROUND FLOOR PLAN 1:200 in A1 reduced size to A3 5

Key Legends

N

1. Gallery and exhibition 2. Pedestrian link

A’

3. Performance and event 4. Waiting module 5. Leisure 8 proposed secondary enrtrance to college

5 8

6. Services 4

6

7. Theatre 8. Cafe

11

9. Ground canopy

4

10. Library

3

1

11. Courtyard

4

12. Underground Station 3

B’

B’

proposed connection to college

Retail 10

1

13. Bustop

2

5 3 9

2

PLAN

8

2 2

3 8 6 reuse the rooftop space of hypermarket

5

A’

FIRST FLOOR PLAN 1:200 in A1 reduced size to A3 5

Key Legends

N

1. Gallery and exhibition 2. Pedestrian link

A’

3. Performance and event 4. Waiting module 5. Leisure 6. Services 7. Theatre

5

8. Cafe

8

9. Ground canopy

4

10. Library 1

11. Courtyard 12. Underground Station

3 8

B’

reuse the rooftop space

13. Bustop

B’ Retail

2

1 7

10 5

3 8 6

5

A’

SECOND FLOOR PLAN 1:200 in A1 reduced size to A3 5

2

3

12

Key Legends 1. Gallery and exhibition

7. Theatre

2. Pedestrian link

8. Cafe

3. Performance and event

9. Ground canopy

4. Waiting module

10. Library

5. Leisure

11. Courtyard

6. Services

12. Underground Station 13. Bustop

Two fragments are connected by pedestrian linkage and connectd to UBahn Underground station

5 7

4

8 4

SECTION Aâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;-Aâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; 1:150 in A1 reduced size to A3 5

1 7 1

2 7 4

Key Legends 1. Gallery and exhibition

7. Theatre

2. Pedestrian link

8. Cafe

3. Performance and event

9. Ground canopy

4. Waiting module

10. Library

5. Leisure

11. Courtyard

6. Services

12. Underground Station 13. Bustop

Part of the design strategy is to use rooftop and existing structure; parts of the design connected to adjacent building in term of both structure and use.

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2 10

5

10

13 8

10

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SECTION Bâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;-Bâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; 1:150 in A1 reduced size to A3 5

ELEVATIONS

The front facade of the building focus on sustainable design whereas adjustable fin and windows are install to control indoor thermal comfort.

FRONT ELEVATION 1:200 in A1 reduced size to A5

WEST ELEVATION 1:200 in A1 reduced size to A5

1A - Process of column thickening

existing adjacent buildingâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s column

new layer of reinforcement

CONSTRUCTION

8x8m grid structure system with pad foundation allow flexibility for extension.

2A The diagram show the resolution for the main structure, where new structure is connected to the existing structure.

PROCESS OF BUILDING CONSTRUCTION AND ERECTION STAGE 1

COLUMN THICKENING OF EXISTING STRUCTURE AND CONSTRUCTION OF NEW BUILDING FOUNDATION

The main strategy of the design is to use concrete structure. Concrete is strong in compression yet weak in tension. Thus allow for extension and the grid system. For the design, as the strategy is to use the existing structure, some part of the building structure must be thicken to allow safe loading.

inspection

site safety

on-site construction

Existing building

1A

Existing buildingâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s column / structure

STAGE 2

STRUCTURAL CONNECTOR AND PRIMARY COLUMN

Connector is attached and installed to adjacent building structure which later extend with new structure for extension. simple connection

2A

2B

prefab component

on-site construction

6m/8m span

primary load transfer 2A

On every 8mx8m grid or certain grid of 6x6m, the secondary structure is installed.

Lightweight internal construction ensures that adaptability in the future is possible.

wood flooring cover timber stud acoustic insulation reinforced conc. panel steel decking

attached to secondary structure

Using structurally grid reinforced concrete collumn with prr.c. floor slab has allowed the building to be faster to construct.

Many of the spaces are multifunc-tional which will give the building a high level of flexibility in use.

STAGE 3

SECONDARY STRUCTURE TO HOLD PREFAB PANELS FOR MODULES

Once primary structure is erected, secondary structure is attached and connected to the main structure. This secondary structure not only to reduce the shear and bending forces of primary structure, but to hold the profab panels for modules design and construction.

simple connection

less workers

simple connection

less workers

3A

STAGE 4

PREFAB PANELS FOR MODULES INSTALLATION

The flexible design is the main criteria to be achieved in the modules design.

Various size of prefab concrete panels is design and installed on site reduce time for construction.

prefab component

DETAIL 3 DETAIL 2

DETAIL 1

ROOF TO GROUND SECTION 1:50 in A1 reduced size to A5

Focus on design interventionâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s structure which is the modules system, the diagrams illustrate the details of connection of primary and secondary structure and modules

DETAIL 1

CONNECTION OF PRIMARY STRUCTURE

Dowel Bar 150x350x12 mm thick Steel Plate Dowel Bar support re-bar 200x250x12 mm thick Steel Plate 200x290x12 mm thick Steel plate 150x350x12 mm thick Steel Plate Dowel Bar

Main Beam MainColumn

AT BEAM DETAIL 1:5 in A1 reduced size to A5

AT COLUMN DETAIL 1:5 in A1 reduced size to A5

DETAIL 2

CONNECTION OF SECONDARY STRUCTURE AND FLOOR SLAB

200x200mm steel tube support structure

Steel bracket connector Steel screw to eng’s details 100mm thick acoustic mineral wool 100mm thk cement powder

50mm thick brown oiled oak floor board

2000x4000mm prefabricated reinforced concrete floor panel

Steel bracket connector Steel screw to eng’s details

100x50mm floor purlin

Steel bracket connector 200x200mm steel tube support structure

Main Column

Main Beam 100mm thk ceiling cement powdercover

SLABS CONNECTION DETAIL 1:5 in A1 reduced size to A5

EXPLODED DETAILS

As the building structure are using a reinforced concrete frame, the frame, slabs and core provide thermal mass by exposing the concrete internally, allowing the building to provide inertia against temperature fluctuations on the out-side.

Internal walls and partitions are specified as lightweight partitions providing the adequate degree of acoustic sepa-ration but also allowing future adaptability.

1.

400x400mm reinforced concrete collumn 2.

200x200mm reinforced concrete collumn 3.

2000x4000mm prefabricated reinforced concrete wall panel 4 50mm thick brown oiled oak floor board 5.

100mm thick acoustic mineral wool 6.

2000x4000mm prefabricated reinforced concrete floor panel 7. reinforcement bar for primary structure 8.

Timber shading device to manuf’s details 9.

100mm thk insulation layer 10.

50mm thk corrugated metal sheets 11.

2000x2000mm prefabricated reinforced floor panel 12. metal bar to manuf’s details 13. connector to manuf’s details 14. floor purlin to manuf’s details 15. foundation

12

9

10 7

ADJACE

NT BUIL

3

SPAT IA (EXAM L MODULE PLE)

13 1

8

4 5 11 6

2

EXP

LOD

ED

DET AIL

14

15

EXPLODED DETAILS 1:50 in A1 reduced size to A5

DING

TRUE EXPLODED DETAIL (FACADE)

1

2

3 4

7

10

8

6

12 5

16

17 15

9

14 11

13 18

EXPLODED DETAILS 1:50 in A1 reduced size to A5

1.

2 3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

roof gutter covered with pebbles to manuf’s detail I-shape steel beam bolted with L-shape steel bracket 50mm thick insulation layer 50mm thick acoustic layer L-shape concrete panel for shading device to manuf’s detail L-shape steel bracket to manuf’s detail 50mm thick corrugated metal sheets double glazing glass windows to manuf’s detail Metal fin louver to Manuf’s details Timber shading device to manuf’s details I-shape steel beam bolted with L-shape steel bracket 500mx2000m adjustable windows to manuf’s detail water outlet manufacturaly installed to concrete panel 2000x4000mm prefabricated reinforced concrete floor panel 50mm thick brown oiled oak floor board 400x400mm reinforced concrete collumn floor purlin to manuf’s details reinforcement bar for primary structure

FINAL MODEL 1:500

above Sectional model above was produced to show overall massing of the design on site (Node C). The design (brown) are integrated with existing building and structure (black); work as a new transitional system of urban transport on right Make use of existing buuilding as part of the scheme, some scheme of the design use the roof space, courtyard space, open space, voids between buildings, etc

Connection : the design improve the connectivity of both ground and underground spaces

View from underground station of the model shows the correlation between new structure and existing in term of spatial

BOOKS Non-places: introduction to an anthropology of supermodernity

by AugeĚ , Marc 2008, 2nd English language ed.

Cities without ground: a Hong Kong guidebook

by Frampton, Adam; Solomon, Jonathan D; Wong, Clara 2012 Urban infrastructure in transition: networks, buildings, plans

by Guy, Simon; Marvin, Simon; Moss, Timothy 2001

LIST OF REFERENCES

Urban maps: instruments of narrative and interpretation in the city

by Brook, Richard; Dunn, Nick 2011 Infrastructure: a field guide to the industrial landscape

by Hayes, Brian 2005

JOURNAL ARTICLES Evaluating Urban Sustainability Using Land-Use Transport Interaction Models Klaus Spiekermann and Michael Wegener 2004

INTERNET SOURCES https://throwoutyourbooks.wordpress.com/2014/10/02/1969-shinjuku-nishiguchi-hiroba-shinjukustation-west-exit-plaza-folk-guerrillas/ http://www.abload.de/img/rheinische17pmc https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unionviertel http://www.dortmund.de/de/leben_in_dortmund/planen_bauen_wohnen/stadtumbau_rheinische_strasse/ unionviertel/ http://www.kreativ-quartiere.de/diequartiere/dortmund/kq-unionviertel/ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhine-Ruhr http://www.metropoleruhr.de/en/home/ruhr-metropolis/transport-networks.html http://freshome.com/urbanization-affecting-architecture-transit/ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruhr http://www.urbanekuensteruhr.de/en/project/urban-lights-ruhr http://www.bueker.net/trainspotting/maps/rhein-ruhr-area/rhein-ruhr-area https://planning.luton.gov.uk/online-applications/applicationDetails http://uk.archello.com/en/project/tokko-youth-space http://www.bdonline.co.uk/construction-is-underway-on-astudio%E2%80%99s-youth-facility/5046192. article http://www.steelconstruction.info/Recycling_and_reuse http://www.stroud.gov.uk/info/ihca/7.pdf http://www.planningportal.gov.uk/buildingregulations/ https://weather-and-climate.com/average-monthly-Rainfall-Temperature-Sunshine,dortmund,Germany http://civiltoday.com/civil-engineering-materials/concrete/23-advantages-and-disadvantages-of-reinforced-concrete http://www.sustainableconcrete.org.uk/top_nav/concrete_industry.aspx http://www.slideshare.net/nicksocrates/making-architecture-material-study

Special Thanks to: Professor Tom Jefferies Head of School at Manchester School of Architecture t.jefferies@mmu.ac.uk Karsten Huneck; Senior Lecturer at Manchester School of Architecture Studio Leader of USE design studio k.huneck@mmu.ac.uk Becky Sobell; Senior Lecturer at Manchester School of Architecture Lecturer of USE design studio b.sobell@mmu.ac.uk Vikram Kaushal; Senior Lecturer at Manchester School of Architecture Lecturer of USE design studio v.kaushal@mmu.ac.uk Helen Aston; Senior Lecturer at Manchester School of Architecture h.aston@mmu.ac.uk Laura Coucill; Senior Lecturer at Manchester School of Architecture l.coucill@mmu.ac.uk Urban and Spatial Experimentation (USE) design studio 2015/2016

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NOTE: This publication is accessible via online at: https://issuu.com/shahrulridhwan