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May 1, 2020

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Virtual 4-H fairs in works

FFA to livestream convention By Ashley Langreck

AGRINEWS PUBLICATIONS

TRAFALGAR, Ind. — Despite not being able to host the 2020 Indiana FFA State Convention at Purdue University in June due to COVID-19, the annual convention will still take place — virtually. “Obviously, there are a lot of details still to figure out, but a majority of the convention will go on in a virtual setting,” said Indiana FFA Association Director Rob Hays. He said the traditional six general sessions will take place via livestream and video recordings. While award winners will still be announced and recognized during the livestream sessions, Hays said Indiana FFA staff thought that instead of FFA members getting their plaques or Hoosier Degrees in the mail, they should still have the opportunity to walk across the stage as they are presented with their award. Hays said that as of now the FFA organization is planning on having an Indiana FFA convention awards day at Purdue in early fall, hosted by the Indiana FFA state officers, for any member who wants to walk across the stage to receive their award. The director added that while the plan is to have an in-person awards day later in the year, nothing is set in stone yet, because they recognize the COVID19 situation changes every day. Besides general sessions, Hays said the virtual state convention also will contain several other activities, including student leadership workshops, community service projects and a version of the Monday Fun Night. See FFA, Page A5

State FFA officers react to online event By Ashley Langreck

AGRINEWS PUBLICATIONS

TRAFALGAR, Ind. — The 2019-2020 Indiana FFA state officer team recently shared their thoughts as they prepare for the virtual state FFA convention.

guiding light.” Morgan Hinz

“This isn’t what anybody expected, but nothing in life ever turns out the way we want. Indiana FFA is always a

NORTHERN REGION VICE PRESIDENT

“It’s a lot to take in, but doing the convention virtually will be a really cool experience. We are stepping out of the box to adapt to a new normal.” Dillon Muhlenkamp PRESIDENT

SECRETARY

“We have a really good idea of what we want to do at convention and plan to highlight members.” Caitlyn Lewis See OFFICERS, Page A5

CLASSIFIEDS SEE A7

Vol. 42 No. 31

CONTACT AGRINEWS: 800-426-9438

By Ashley Langreck

AGRINEWS PUBLICATIONS

INDIANA SOYBEAN ALLIANCE PHOTO

HerbiSoy, a non-toxic, soybean-based herbicide, won the Student Soybean Innovation Competition this year.

Soy innovations Student inventors win $20,000

“If we only capture 1% of the market, our product would be valued at $47.6 million.”

By Erica Quinlan

PURDUE UNIVERSITY

Alyson Chaney, student

AGRINEWS PUBLICATIONS

WEST LAFAYETTE, Ind. — HerbiSoy, a non-toxic, soybean-based herbicide, won first place at the 26th annual Student Soybean Innovation Competition. The results were announced via Facebook Live on April 21. Purdue students Alyson Chaney and Peyton Clark were excited to win the $20,000 prize. “It’s a general weed killer,” explained Clark, a senior majoring in sustainable biomaterials process and product design. “We’ve tested it on broadleaf and grasses, and it’s effective on both. Finding the right composition was the hardest thing. We see this as a product that is safe for people to use around their homes, but there is also potential for it to go into the agricultural market as a general burndown.” “We’re both from farm fam-

Alyson Chaney, a senior studying agronomy at Purdue University, and Peyton Clark, a senior studying sustainable biomaterials process and product design, took home first prize at the Student Soybean Innovation Competition. ilies, and I’ve worked in ag retail for quite a few years,” said Chaney, a senior majoring in agronomy. “We thought weed killer would be something useful that people really need. We started looking into it and it took off from there. “Before the competitions, (soybeans) were just something we planted every year. I didn’t realize how many things soybeans could go into making.” Their soy-based herbicide dif-

fers from other products on the market. “Our product is non-toxic, kills weeds more quickly and is less expensive,” Chaney said. More than 52 million U.S. households use herbicides. The total demand for pesticides in 2012 was $14 billion. “I’ve definitely learned a lot about marketing during this project,” Chaney said. “If we only capture 1% of the market, our product would be valued at $47.6 million.” This is the second consecutive year that Chaney and Clark were top finalists. In 2019, the duo earned second place for developing a wood finish made with soy nanocellulose. The team plans to use their winnings to invest in their hobbies, which include beekeeping and woodworking. See SOY, Page A2

COVID-19 a ‘shock to the system’ Purdue economists discuss virus’ effects on agriculture

marketing, reducing demand for key commodities and putting severe financial pressure on farmers, said James Mintert. Mintert, director of Purdue’s Center for Commercial Agriculture, hosted a webinar April By Erica Quinlan 30. AGRINEWS PUBLICATIONS “This is a huge shock to the system,” he said. WEST LAFAYETTE, Ind. — Coronavirus con- “The system isn’t designed to accommodate a cerns are disrupting U.S. food distribution and huge shock.” TROUBLE AHEAD FOR ETHANOL The estimates in demand for ethanol are all over the map, according to Mintert. “We’re going to be in a recessionary environment for an extended period of time,” he said. “That’s going to take its toll in terms of fuel demand and ultimately ethanol demand. “We looked at three scenarios and estimated reductions at about 350 million bushels and as much as 640 million bushels for the 2019 crop year.” The estimates depend on how long restrictions on activity continue and how rapidly the U.S. economy recovers. The result will likely be larger projected ending stocks and lower prices this year and next.

LOWER CORN PRICES Michael Langemeier, agricultural economist at Purdue, said that things have “really turned south for corn.” “Corn prices have really tumbled,” Langemeier said. “I’m reflecting a drop in corn prices of around 55 cents per bushel, resulting in a drop in crop revenue of about $116 (per acre). “We do get an increase in government payments, but it’s not near big enough to offset that drop in crop revenue. … The bottom line here, looking at contribution margin/return over variable costs, we’re looking at a drop in net return of close to $80 per acre.” Declining net return prospects, particularly for corn, will put downward pressure on cash rents and land values, as well.

MEAT PROCESSING OUTLOOK Jayson Lusk, agricultural economist at Purdue, is keeping a close watch on what’s happening in the meat packing sector. “The reason I think this is an important sector to look at is that a big proportion of our meat processing is concentrated in a handful of processing plants that have a lot of workers,” he said. “This works well when times are good because we have really large economies of scale that can affordably process meat. But in this time, if you get a few of these plants shut down, it can have some big impacts — especially on the farm side of the market.”

Changing the way we communicate A4

See FAIRS, Page A5

Home garden interest spikes By Ashley Langreck

AGRINEWS PUBLICATIONS

BLOOMINGTON, Ind. — A backyard garden is a great way for individuals to grow their own herbs, vegetables and flowers, especially now as stores have trouble keeping up with the demand for fresh produce during the COVID-19 pandemic. “We are getting lots of inquiries and interest in gardening this spring,” said B. Rosie Lerner, Purdue Extension consumer horticulture specialist. Lerner said several Purdue Extension county educators have come together to create “Gardening Tips for Everyone,” a video series about gardening. “The series started earlier this month, but there are still several sessions to come,” she said, adding that individuals can check out the series by visiting https:// tinyurl.com/y72q26oq. Besides checking out the informative videos, Amy Thompson, a Purdue Extension director for Monroe County, shared tips for new and seasoned gardeners when it comes to growing plants. 1. Site selection. Thompson said the first step to starting a garden is finding the right site where your garden will grow, whether that is in the ground, a raised bed or in containers. Make sure that the site is able to get at least eight hours of sun a day. 2. Proper drainage. Gardens need well-drained soil because plants don’t like sitting in water, and without proper drainage, roots will begin to rot.

See COVID-19, Page A2

INSIDE

Indiana pork plants shut down A3

WEST LAFAYETTE, Ind. — Purdue University and Purdue Extension recently announced the decision to extend the ban on face-to-face events through June 30 to help stop the spread of COVID-19. Due to the extended ban on large gatherings of people and face-toface-events, Indiana 4-H state staff has been working with 4-H county educators to find another way for 4-H programs in June, including county fairs, to still take place — just in a different format. Tony Carrell, a Purdue Extension 4-H youth development specialist, said Indiana 4-H isn’t canceling fairs that are held in June, but instead will be helping county fairs find an alternate solution to still allow 4-H members showcase the hard work they put into their projects throughout the year. Carrell said 4-H state staff are asking county fairs that were scheduled for June to either reschedule the fair until a later date and take a gamble that COVID-19 restrictions will be lifted, or to use an online platform and host a virtual fair. Carrell said if counties choose to pursue a virtual fair, it will be done through the online program, FairEntry. “All 92 counties have FairEntry and lots of families use it,” Carrell said, adding that members this year will be asked to upload pictures of their project along with any notebook or information that goes along with it.

INFB to host teacher workshops A10

See GARDEN, Page A2

AgriTrucker A11

Lifestyle A9

Alan Guebert A4

Livestock A8

Auction Calendar A11

Markets A10

Business A10

Opinion A9

Classifieds A7

Science A6

Jerry Welch A10

Weather A6

A2 Friday, May 1, 2020

| INDIANA AGRINEWS | www.agrinews-pubs.com

GARDEN FROM PAGE ONE

INDIANA SOYBEAN ALLIANCE PHOTOS

Two Purdue students created Double B (above), a soy-based chewing bone for dogs. Their innovation won second place at the Student Soybean Innovation Competition, Team SoyFlex won third-place honors for their soy-based shoe insert (right).

Students show off soy creations By Erica Quinlan

AGRINEWS PUBLICATIONS

WEST LAFAYETTE, Ind. — Students at Purdue University created an array of soy-based products at this year’s Student Soybean Innovation Competition. The winners of the competition, Team HerbiSoy, took home $20,000 for their soy-based herbicide. Team Double B won second place honors and a $10,000 prize for their fully digestible, chewing bone for dogs. The soybean and compressed rice bone lasts longer and can also clean dogs’ teeth. Finishing third, and earning a $5,000 prize,

SOY

FROM PAGE ONE

The Student Soybean Innovation Competition is sponsored by Indiana Soybean Alliance and

was Team SoyFlex, which developed a soybean-based shoe insert. The inserts are antibacterial, machine washable and cost less to produce than other inserts. The People’s Choice winner went to the team that won the most votes on Facebook. Team 60 Soylution won the award by creating a non-toxic and non-crosslinking soy based composite material. The material comes in two forms: a soluble support filament for 3D printing and pellets to be used in injection molding. Ideally, the materials would become substitutes for disposable plastic

products. “The competition is an opportunity for students to work in teams across colleges, across majors, across disciplines, on developing a novel product that uses a substantial amount of soybean or soybean-derived materials,” said Nate Mosier, Indiana Soybean Alliance endowed chair at Purdue. “It’s an opportunity for students to apply what they’re learning in the classroom, learn a little but about entrepreneurship and marketing, and maybe most importantly learn a little bit about agriculture, agricultural products, and their im-

portance in the global economy.” The students were judged by a group of industry experts and ISA farmer directors for novelty, commercial application and viability. Twelve teams composed of 36 students finished the competition. Contest entries included a soy-based smartphone case, dryer balls, biodegradable water bottle, water filtration system and tea bags.

Purdue University. Purdue students are encouraged to develop new applications for soybeans that meet a market need. “The 20,000 Indiana soybean farmers recognize the value of innovation,” said Courtney Kingery,

CEO of ISA. Currently, ISA is working with companies in the concrete industry to market a new soy-based concrete durability enhancer developed through checkoff-funded research at Purdue. This soy-based product

is ideal for concrete roadway infrastructure where protecting the environment is a key requirement or consideration. Learn more at www.indianasoybean.com.

Erica Quinlan can be reached at 800-426-9438, ext. 193, or equinlan@ agrinews-pubs.com. Follow her on Twitter at: @AgNews_Quinlan.

Erica Quinlan

Thompson said if individuals are planting gardens in containers, they need to make sure to put drainage holes in the container. 3. Soil testing. Thompson said a great first place for individuals to start when they are preparing to start a garden is to get a soil test to learn the basic information on the fertility of their soil and what nutrients are available. She added that if people need help getting a soil test, they can contact their local Purdue Extension county educator because they are still working and happy to give recommendations

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MORE CORN WOES Earlier this year, the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s planting estimates projected corn acreage at around 97 million acres. “We think weakening returns for corn suggest an acreage shift is likely,” Mintert said. “We think planted corn acreage could easily fall 1 million acres below the intentions. It might even be more than that. “We don’t have experience with this kind of shock to the system at this time of year, and I think that’s important to remember. “People have already made plans, already laid in supplies. There’s some rigidity there in terms of making adjustments. Nevertheless, we think we’re going to see a shift.” The shift will likely go towards soybeans. “If we have trend yields, we’re going to see pretty big increases in stocks at the end of the 2020 marketing year,” Mintert said. “And that is especially true for corn.” Learn more and view the complete webinar at: www.ag.purdue.edu/commercialag.

With no known resistance in U.S. row crops and greater application ﬂexibility, Liberty herbicide brings superior weed control to the ﬁght. Talk to your BASF rep or Authorized Retailer today.

Erica Quinlan

In a nutshell:

n Corn production in 2020 could set a new record. n Ethanol demand is expected to remain weak as the recession takes its toll. n The 2020 carryover into 2021 could be largest since late 1980s. n Meat processing plant capacity issues remain a concern.

Always read and follow label directions. Liberty is a registered trademark of BASF. Enlist and the Enlist logo are trademarks of Dow AgroSciences. The transgenic event in Enlist E3 soybeans is jointly developed and owned by Dow AgroSciences LLC and M.S. Technologies, L.L.C. © 2020 BASF Corporation. All rights reserved. SM-LA1774125

Ashley Langreck can be reached at 800-4269438, ext. 192, or alangreck@agrinews-pubs. com. Follow her on Twitter at: @AgNews_ Langreck.

READY TO PLANT? WE CAN HELP!

COVID-19 “On the producer side, if we lose that processing capacity it has a very negative impact on live animal prices,” Mintert said. In general, lower incomes lead to lower demand for meat, Lusk said. Combined with lower demand from restaurants and “food away from home,” livestock farmers face a host of demand-related challenges. “I think it’s frustrating for producers because they see this margin increase in the prices consumers are paying — it goes up because there’s not as much meat on the market,” Lusk said. “But prices farmers are facing are falling because there’s not as much demand at the packing levels.”

and gardening advice. 4. Start small. Thompson suggested indiThompson viduals who are new to gardening or have a limited amount of space should start with simple vegetables that are easy to grow such as lettuce or peas which germinate quickly.

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www.agrinews-pubs.com | INDIANA AGRINEWS | Friday, May 1, 2020

Indiana pork plants shut down By Jeannine Otto

AGRINEWS PUBLICATIONS

INDIANAPOLIS — Indiana pork producers are facing “unprecedented” challenges right now, in the wake of two Indiana pork processing plants announcing closures due to coronavirus. “I’d say making contingency plans is happening all over the state right now,” said Josh Trenary, executive director of the Indiana Pork Producers Association. Just hours after Trenary spoke to AgriNews and with the Tyson processing plant in Logansport already closed due to coronavirus, Indiana Packers announced

it was suspending operations at its Delphi plant. “The temporary suspension is expected to last no longer than two weeks,” IPC said in a news release. The Delphi plant closure came days after Tyson announced the temporary closure of its plant in Logansport. “We estimate that Tyson Logansport’s daily slaughter is 15,400 pigs. If we were to estimate the amount of Indiana production that goes into that plant, it’s roughly 45%, so that’s around 6,900 pigs a day for us,” Trenary said. He said Indiana producers

also ship pigs to the JBS plant in Louisville, Kentucky; to Rantoul Foods in Rantoul, Illinois; to the Clemens Food Group plant in Coldwater, Michigan; and to Routh Packing in Sandusky, Ohio. The two plant closures added to problems for pork producers. “Things were backing up before this plant closed because other plants were slowing down. Plant closures in other states resulted in a redistribution of pigs. We were shuffling pigs around to account for other plant closures, so we were seeing backups prior to Logansport closing down,” Trenary said. The major issue that farm-

ers will be dealing with is the backup of pigs that would have been shipped to those plants. “It’s an unprecedented issue, and they are going to have to develop contingencies. The animal welfare issue here is paramount,” Trenary said. On April 17, the U.S. Department of Agriculture announced a farm financial aid package that includes direct payments to crop and livestock producers, as well as large purchases of meat, dairy, fruits and vegetables for distribution to food banks. That package included $9.6 billion for the livestock industry. Of that, $1.6 billion is earmarked

for payments to pork producers. The payments will be capped at $125,000 per commodity with an overall limit of $250,000 per individual or entity. Trenary said the program is appreciated — but not enough. “The direct payments, that’s not going to move the needle, the amount in general and the limitations on those payments, that needs to get resolved,” he said. Jeannine Otto can be reached at 815-223-2558, ext. 211, or jotto@agrinews-pubs.com. Follow her on Twitter at: @AgNews_Otto.

ARE WE GOING TO HAVE ENOUGH FOOD?

Economist addresses food supply concerns By Tom C. Doran

AGRINEWS PUBLICATIONS

CHAMPAIGN, Ill. — Do we have enough food and are we going to have enough food? Jayson Lusk, professor and head of Purdue University’s Agricultural Economics Department, said that is the single most common question he’s being asked as the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic spread across the nation. “The answer is, yes. It may not mean that we have it in the places we need it and it may not mean that we have the workers always to get it to us. But just in terms of pounds of food or gallons of liquid that we want to consume, we certainly have enough to support us for the time being,” Lusk said during an April 21 University of Illinois farmdoc webinar. Concerns were brought to the forefront in mid-March when there were significant short-run disruptions at grocery stores due to a spike in food sales as the stay-at-home recommendations were unveiled. There is plenty of food in storage. For example, there is quite a bit more total commercial cold storage of pork than there’s been in the last three years. TEMPORARY DISRUPTIONS The short-run disruptions were caused by a combination of increased purchases at grocery stores and challenges in logistical changes. Grocery stores saw a large demand spike in mid-March that has since leveled off to the point shoppers are making fewer visits to those stores than they were in March 2019. Data from point-of-purchase scanner data on meat purchases show a 100% increase in pork sales from a year ago, a 90% in-

crease in beef sales for the week ending March 22, and they have since fallen off. “So, that peak demand buying, stocking up phase where people were worried about mobility and whether there was going to be enough has really leveled off and we’re at maybe 30% to 40% higher sales in grocery stores than what we were seeing the same time last year,” Lusk said. “Sales at supermarkets on net are up a bit, but there are some categories that are up a lot. Online grocery spending increased nearly 80%. Gaming has increased (by about 75%). Food delivery sales are up about 50%. “Also, a lot of things have taken a hit. Fast-food spending is down about 30%, and there’s been a cratering of sales in movie theaters and airlines. So, there have been widely different impacts throughout our food economy.” SUPPLY CHAIN SHIFT Another question that Lusk has heard is since restaurants are closed or have limited curb service, why not just move that food over from that system to grocery stores. “We could do that in some cases, but in many cases it’s a lot more complicated than just that. There are some real constraints in the system that sometimes prevents us from just switching from one supply chain to another. Some of that is regulatory,” he said. “One example, there have been cases on the farm side is milk having to be dumped on the field. So, there’s surplus on the farm side, but then scarcity on the retail side. That seems paradoxical until you realize there are people in the middle. There are processors that have to move that milk through the system. Then we have to think about how we consume milk

and dairy products away from home. “One of the big markets that were shut dow n was schools. Children drink milk at schools from Lusk t hose little car tons. That’s very different than the gallon jugs we buy at the grocery store.” Another example is cheese. A restaurant may buy 50-pound blocks or 40- or 50-pound bags of shredded cheese for making pizza. Grocery stores sell halfpound bags of cheese. “The processing plants that deliver food away from the home market have capital invested in filling those small milk containers for schools or creating those big blocks of cheese and it’s not like they can flip a switch and suddenly start cranking out gallon jugs,” Lusk explained. “This same story played itself out to different extents in different markets around the country and some of the price fluctuations and stocking out that we saw was related to these capital investments. We have processors that are geared and have capital designed to deliver to a very specific system.” PRICES, DEMAND Food prices reflect demand and increased, but are now leveling off. The wholesale meat prices generally mirrored that stocking up phase that consumers experienced. There were increases in beef and pork prices in mid-March, but then it began leveling off. “Wholesale chicken prices increased, but curiously prices

have been lower for chicken now than was the case last year, and that’s true for pork, as well, and beef is approaching 2019 prices,” Lusk said. “So, in aggregate, at least at this moment, we’re not as worse off in terms of scarcity on the consumer side of things than we were this time last year.” Egg prices are an exception having hard tripled in week. “In some of the supply chain logistics shell eggs that go into restaurants typically get sold on big pallets and you from an asset in materials perspective you need more of the dozen case cartons to put those eggs in and there just wasn’t enough of that available,” Lusk said. “There were also regulatory issues. Once eggs were labeled for sales to be packaged in those pallets to go to restaurants there were laws that prevented people from reselling those eggs into other markets. Some of those laws have been relaxed, but there’s been a combination of issues that have prevented the flow of products from one distribution system to another.” VULNERABILITIES While there is plenty of food in storage, Lusk pointed out some vulnerabilities in the processing system that could throw a wrench into the supply chain, particularly the meat packing industry. The 15 largest pork packing plants in the country account for about 60% of all the hog processing capacity in the United States. Eleven of those plants are concentrated within a 300-mile radius of Des Moines, Iowa. “The vulnerability to the shutdown at one or two of these plants is potentially high because these plants are large and at times that means they have economies of scale. They can

efficiently process pork and get it to us in an affordable manner as consumers, but one of the potential downsides is if one of these plants has to shut down that could have aggregate impacts just given the size of these plants, and that’s what we’re starting to see,” Lusk said. Three of those plants were closed down April 20 and a fourth was closed down one day for cleaning and that represented probably 10% or 15% of total U.S. pork processing capacity. “Beef is similar. One statistic I’ve seen suggests that plants that slaughter at least 1 million head a year account for 56% of all U.S. cattle slaughter. We’ve seen some stories of plant closures there as well,” Lusk continued. From a real numbers outlook, there were large cattle inventories going into 2020 and an increase in slaughter. However, few steers and heifers are now being slaughtered due to plant shutdowns or slowdowns. The daily cattle slaughter was 87,000 per day in mid-April compared to 114,286 per day 12 months ago. The pork industry also saw large processing numbers early this year with the high inventory. The April 20 pig slaughter number was about 370,000, reflecting the three or four plant closures. The daily slaughter number a year ago ran around 430,000. “This is a really significant challenge for the production side of this. This is a close to just-intime production system and you can slow down animals on feed, you could put cattle out to pasture,” Lusk said. Tom C. Doran can be reached at 815-780-7894 or tdoran@ agrinews-pubs.com. Follow him on Twitter at: @AgNews_ Doran.

Planting ramps up By Tom C. Doran

AGRINEWS PUBLICATIONS

CHAMPAIGN, Ill. — Cool soils were the norm as planters began to roll in April. Emerson Nafziger, University of Illinois Extension agronomist, said growing degree days through April are forecast to total 186, over 60 GDD behind the average in the central part of the Prairie State. “We never get a huge chunk of GDDs in April. We’re looking at less than 7% or 8% of what we would get for the season comes in April,” Nafziger said during a recent webinar. Better corn and soybean seed quality have improved overall emergence even when conditions aren’t necessarily ideal. “Corn comes up out of conditions now that probably back in my youth at least we would never have considered planting into soils that cool,” Nafziger noted. “Don’t get me wrong, if seed could vote they’d say put me in warmer soils than this because I want to get up and get growing. And we certainly like to see that with the crop and we’re not going to see that with the crop that gets planted in April this year. But hopefully the germination will be good, emergence should be good, and we’ll have a crop that’s ready in May to take off and grow.” Here are some of the other early season topics Nafziger covered during the webinar. ON PLANTING DATE “Based on data from 28 soybean trials and 39 corn trials, any time soybeans were planted in April they were up to 100% of their maximum yield level. “The planting date trial response curves are not as steep as they would have been 20 or 30 years ago and it’s because better hybrids and varieties. It’s com-

mon to see a yield drop in later planted corn and soybeans, but it’s variable. “Both crop benefit from early planting. Early May is still early as a lot of the trial results continue to show maximum yield through the first 10 days of May. “Yield losses for both crops reach about 10% by May 25 plantings. “Yield losses with planting delays through mid-May total 5% to 6%. These losses roughly double by the end of May on average; yields also get more variable. But the yields do not fall off the table like they might have at one time. “The university has little data for corn planted past early June. Losses for soybeans total 20% by mid-June.” ON PLANTING DELAYS “There’s no need to panic. Corn and soybean yields are good to outstanding when planted in the first half of May. “Do not make changes with regard to maturity of hybrid or variety, seeding rate and such. If planting is delayed until the end of May, then we’ll have to think about that. “Soils in May will be warmer, meaning faster — and probably more uniform — emergence. “Warmer soils will help get mineralization started, but young corn plants will still need nitrogen near the roots by V1 or V2. “If things go badly for Aprilplanted crops, consider May replanting if soybean stands are less than 90,000 to 95,000 per acre and corn stands are less than 25,000 to 28,000 per acre uniformly distributed. If you have enough stand there, leave it and be done with it.”

AGRINEWS PHOTO/TOM C. DORAN

Scott Severson of Dwight, Illinois, was planting corn April 20 in a field west of Campus. He was able to plant 80 acres of soybeans the previous week and then switched over to corn to begin last week. per acre, a planting rate of about 35,000 seeds per acre. The yield was 229 bushels per acre. “Yields dropped by four bushels an acre when the plant population was 30,000, a population of 40,000 only added one bushel per acre. As long as we’re in that planting range and get that population, we’re probably pretty good in most Illinois soils. “The optimum plant stand for soybeans in the trials was 106,800 plants per acre. That resulted in a yield of 72.1 bushels per acre. That would take planting about 134,000 seeds per acre.”

ON PLANTING DEPTH Nafziger referred to a 19982000 planting depth study conducted at Urbana that found 1.5 inches to be the optimum planting depth. He brought up the topic in light of the growing use of soil moisture-sense planting depth controls and variable down-pressure planters. He asked an equipment person if he’d actually plant 3 inches deep if that’s where the moisture was, and he said, yes. “That’s a concern. There is no good reason to put seed three inches ON PLANT POPULATIONS “In 44 trials over seven years deep in any soil except maybe found the best population for sandy soils and that would probcorn was about 33,300 plants ably work there.

“In the trial data, two out of three years there were significantly lower yields at three inches deep than at shallower depths. It wasn’t because there wasn’t a stand there. It was because the plants get behind a little bit, some of them struggle and don’t establish their crown quite at the right depth.” ON EMERGENCE “Non-uniformity of emergence is something that people fret a lot about. It’s a function of what the temperatures are. If there is uneven emergence when the daytime temperatures are in the 70s, then there is something else going on, either seed quality issues or something that’s affecting how well those plants came up. “Once it warms up, that size difference, because it’s not really a large one, will diminish really quickly and that stand can look really uniform and nice. “Corn planted in April is taking up, or will take up, cool water as it germinates, which could cause some ‘imbibitional chilling injury.’ If the first water they take in has temperatures of 40 degrees or less it can damage some of the membranes and there isn’t much that can be done about it. This is relatively rare, especially when soils are

on the dry side, but could happen this year. “Check un-emerged plants soon after the first plants emerge to see if their growth is normal. What it normally does with seedlings is twist them up and they’ll corkscrew or grow in circles and most of them don’t come up. And we’re not sure if the ones that do come up are going to develop completely normally.” ON EARLY ADJUSTMENTS “Cool soils through the end of April will mean a slow start to soil N mineralization, so corn’s need for early nitrogen should be supplied with fertilizer. “If no nitrogen has been applied before planting, UAN could be applied broadcast, placed 2 x 2, or dribbled onto or near the planted row at 10 to 15 gallons – 30 to 50 pounds of nitrogen — per acre. There’s also the option of applying stabilized urea broadcast at planting, placed 2 x 2, or dropped on top of the row after planting. “If the crop does not have enough nitrogen near the row after it emerges and starts to establish its permanent root system, yield potential can be reduced that you can’t get back later on by putting more nitrogen on.

A4 Friday, May 1, 2020

| INDIANA AGRINEWS | www.agrinews-pubs.com

OPINION

What’s trending

These are this week’s most read stories on the AgriNews website: 1. Rescue package for farmers, ranchers: Perdue announces direct payments, ag purchases

2. Johnson: IBA focuses on protecting cattle producers during pandemic 3. Think twice before buying baby chicks

4. Team producing 300 gallons of hand sanitizer a day 5. Reaction mixed to ag payment plan

What’s your opinion? Send correspondence to: Letters, Indiana AgriNews, 420 Second St., La Salle, IL 61301; or email: editorial@agrinews-pubs.com

Nothing beats face-to-face conversation Has the reaction to COVID-19 changed the way you communicate? Most of the farm broadcasters on the Brownfield team work out of home offices and Rural Issues have for years, so we have not done Cyndi Young- any major “shifting” there. Puyear Although we are used to talking to farmers and newsmakers on the phone and through social platforms, we are not used to those being our only means by which to communicate with them. We miss covering actual meetings — not the virtual ones — and visiting farmers on their farms. Communications defined is “a means of connection between people or places, in particular.” That connection made only by the written word or face-to-face communication not so very many years ago can now be made using dozens of gadgets and ever-changing technologies. Instead of calling someone on the phone to schedule a meeting, we can send a text, email or instant message to that person and take care of our business without picking up a phone or getting out of the office chair where we’ve been planted all day. Using Skype, Zoom, Twitter, text messaging, Snapchat, FaceTime, Google Hangouts, Facebook and a whole bunch of other social media tools available today, I can reach out and interact with almost anyone at anytime, anywhere. Groups of people from different time zones can meet and interact online in a virtual setting without ever meeting in person. As an agricultural communicator, these tools have played an important role in how we deliver the content we create to the persons who want and need to receive it. People go a lot of places to get their news and information today. In addition to the tried-and-true formats — radio, print publications, television — consumers are seeking out e-newsletters and YouTube videos, Twitter and FriendFeed to pick up nuggets of information. During this unprecedented time in the history of the world, people are hungry for as much information as they can collect. Unfortunately, not all information posted and shared on many social media platforms has gone through a true journalism “filter” and may or may not include an ounce of truth. I am by no means opposed to the tools of communication available. When the stay-at-home order interfered with our plans to have my parents and sister and brother and their families join us for Easter dinner, I was sure disappointed. However, my siblings and nieces and nephew and I were able to see one another in a Zoom video call that Sunday evening. Many of my work meetings today are video-conferencing calls using our company platform or one of the many other video platforms available today. Like so many other things in life, these gadgets and technologies are useful and necessary in the world in which we live today. I have heard many people say we will never go back to doing business the way we did it before we learned what the government sees as essential and nonessential labor and businesses. Things might change. But, friends, please never underestimate the value of a good face-toface conversation. Cyndi Young-Puyear is farm director and operations manager for Brownfield Network.

We have to start somewhere Before we take the next unsteady step into a very different future, let’s make sure it’s a step up the ladder and not a step off Farm & Food the plank. How? We File can start with disciplined deAlan Guebert cision making: Use proven facts, lean on practical experience and focus like a laser on what is safe and smart. That latter part is especially important because if you farm or ranch, spring is a season loaded with risk. There’s market risk, financial risk, physical risk and weather risk just to name a few. The last thing you and your family needs now is avoidable COVID-19 risk. And, sure, state and local officials will debate plans and dates to “reopen” your state or community. The more important plan, however, is the one you and your family have for yourselves and your business because no one can ensure

For most people, when they see a cow, they just see a cow. When they see a field of produce, they just see a field. For farmers Zippy Duvall and ranchers, we see much, American much more. Farm Bureau We see nutrition. And we want that nutrition to get to people who need it. We see nothing less than a miracle — the miracle that seeds, rain, sun, animals and the farmer’s care can turn an empty field or pasture into the source of human survival. We see months of hard work by our farm families and employees — work that’s only meaningful if it results in feeding our fellow citizens. It’s difficult to dispose of milk or plow under a crop because there’s no market for it. We think of all that nutrition going to waste instead of feeding people. Too many farmers and ranchers have had to experience that in the past few weeks as the market for what we produce has shrunk due to

ers alone have seen an almost $5 billion drop in gross income in less than two months. Worse, the just-announced USDA bailout includes only $3.9 billion in market assistance for all row crops, not just corn, even though corn could take every penny on its own and still not cover its recent losses. So, yes, expect another round of bailout money. And think big, really big. Think the-sky-is-the-limit big. So, farmers and ranchers need billions more in bailout funds as agriculture continues to stumble, rural and urban Americans need millions more COVID-19 tests before any level of safety can be assured, and everyone everywhere needs a more reliable, more resilient, more safe food system. And all needs to be done now. How? By starting now. More on that soon. Farm & Food File is published weekly through the U.S. and Canada. Source material and contact information are posted at www.farmandfoodfile.com.

COVID-19. Sure, grocery stores are as busy as ever as Americans cook more. But most of the food that was destined for restaurants and school cafeterias no longer has a home. Almost overnight, one-third of the country’s milk demand dried up. It’s costly and difficult to retool a processing plant for retail — a 5-pound wheel of cheese or a 10-gallon bag of milk can’t be sold at your local grocery store. The near-closure of America’s $800 billion-plus restaurant industry is hurting demand for beef, chicken, pork, farm-raised fish and seafood and almost all fruits and vegetables. About 80% of the tomato crop in Florida alone usually goes to restaurants. So, what can be done? We are seeing farmers’ and ranchers’ ingenuity go to work to get the nutrition we are proud to grow to people who need it. Drive-through farms and farmers markets are popping up. U-pick options have increased. And farmers and food banks are working together to feed the hungry. Many farmers and ranchers already had great relationships with their local food banks. In

fact, over the past few years through our Harvest for All program, Farm Bureau members have donated more than 306 million pounds of food, $7.8 million and 179,000 volunteer hours to groups fighting hunger in their local communities. Now, with the new challenges we all face, farmers and ranchers are ready to do even more. Food banks are reporting anywhere from a 40% to 100% increase in demand. However, the reality is it costs money to harvest, pack and transport food — money that many farmers and ranchers simply don’t have in the wake of a trade war, weather disasters and back-to-back years of prices below the cost of production. We need help in order to help others. A couple of weeks ago, the American Farm Bureau Federation and Feeding America, the nation’s largest network of food banks, sent a joint letter to the Agriculture Department, suggesting a program to help offset the cost of getting fresh foods – nutrition — to people in need. And our timing could not have been better, as we learned that USDA was thinking of and working on the

same issue. It’s gratifying that USDA’s initial plan includes $3 billion to empower the food system to find solutions, which was the heart of our request. We will also need regulatory flexibility to ensure that packaging, storage and transportation requirements don’t get in the way of getting nutrition where it is needed. We know USDA is committed to helping us help food banks. It fits Agriculture Secretary Sonny Perdue’s philosophy of doing good and feeding everyone. And we are grateful to our partner, Feeding America, for helping us start this very constructive conversation with USDA. Quick action is needed. Every day that passes, fresh milk, vegetables and other produce are lost. The Farm Bureau family is committed to doing whatever we can to help ensure no one goes hungry, just as we’ve been doing for years. We’re proud to be #StillFarming, providing nutrition for all who need it. Zippy Duvall, a poultry, cattle and hay producer from Georgia, is the president of the American Farm Bureau Federation.

Why this first-generation farmer chose organic farming By Jim Buckle

tural field has been broadening for over half a century, and As a new state Farm Bureau while some see the new models president, I’ve been asked and practices in agriculture as about my personal connection a sign of cultural division, I see to farming hundreds of times a growing family tree of shared by Farm Bureau members from history. all over the country. I chose organic farming When I explain that I run because, as a first-generation an organic produce farm on farmer, it allowed me to start just 17 acres, I’m often met my farm business on a small with a look of surprise. I take scale with simple infrastructure no offense — my home state’s and a low-impact approach to agricultural history was built soil and plant health. on chicken, potatoes, apples, When I began my career as blueberries and dairy. an organic farmer 23 years Many of my colleagues were ago, the market was shaky at perhaps expecting that I come best, certification was only a from a multi-generational fam- couple sheets of paper and orily farm producing one of these ganic supplies were a challenge crops. I can’t blame them for to procure and very expensive. making an educated guess. But organic food soon gained I chose Maine because it’s a a foothold, and I soon found place where so many time-hon- myself selling out at farmers ored agricultural histories are markets and supplying notable chefs in Portland. interwoven. But the agricul-

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of Missouri’s Food and Agricultural Policy Research Institute, was calculated before several Midwestern hog and cattle slaughtering plants began a series of rolling shutdowns to clean their facilities and clean up their acts. More incredible, the current USDA bailout plan excludes ethanol, an economic mainstay of many rural communities and a one-time favorite, now mongrel of the White House. As of April 20, according to the Renewable Fuels Association, 73 of the nation’s 200 ethanol plants are “idled” and 71 others are running at “reduced rates.” That shattering collapse — still ongoing, by the way — is hitting the corn market, its principle feedstock, like a wrecking ball. On April 21, just four days after USDA’s bailout announcement, the National Corn Growers Association released a study that indicated U.S. corn growers had lost $50 per acre in 2020 revenue since COVID-19 hit the U.S. on March 1. That means U.S. corn grow-

Getting nutrition from farm to plate

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your safety better than you. All that said, COVID-19 continues to sicken tens of thousands of Americans while also cracking global commodity and equity markets. No one, for example, ever dreamed that crude oil futures could fall to zero, then to minus-$37 before struggling back to $10 per barrel. Likewise, on Jan. 1 no one could have predicted that in 120 days corn prices would be down 25%, soybeans off 15%, cattle smacked for 30% and the hog market simply blown apart. Disaster is too small a word to describe this calamity. Also too small is the federal government’s recently announced disaster assistance program. Even though the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s initial package totals $16 billion in direct assistance to farmers and ranchers — equal to 2019’s tariff mitigation program, in fact — the money won’t cover today’s estimated $20-billion, virus-fueled drop in 2020 net farm income. That estimate, announced in mid-April by the University

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Demand grew, as did the number of organic farms populating Maine’s landscape. As competition increased, so did regulations, but also the resources available to organic farmers. I’ve seen a lot of trends come and go within organic farming, but a few things are certain. Organic produce is in-demand, profitable and is proving itself on many different scales. My wife and I have found our place in organic farming serving wholesale markets in Boston and Maine, with limited specialty sales to restaurants. We’ve watched the demand for local, organic produce shift from predominantly farmers markets and independent natural food stores to large grocery chains, fast-casual restaurants and institutions. Another certainty is that it’s human nature to find kinship

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with those whom you relate to the most. Farming is no exception. Nearly every farmer I’ve met loves a good session of shop talk with another farmer who understands the specificities and challenges of their particular crop. This kinship leads to a community of friends and associates who share a common bond. Organic practices may be different, but we have so much in common with our fellow American farmers. Organic farmers are taking advantage of high visibility in the consumer space right now, and are positioned to be powerful advocates for American agriculture on a larger scale. Jim Buckle was elected president of Maine Farm Bureau in 2018.

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www.agrinews-pubs.com | INDIANA AGRINEWS | Friday, May 1, 2020

FAIRS

FROM PAGE ONE

Carrell said an example of how the vir tual plat for m wou ld work would be if an exhibitor baked a pie for their project, she would cut a slice out of the pie, then turn it upside down on a plate and take a picture of both the whole pie and the piece of pie on the plate before uploading the photos to the FairEntry program. “The judge would see everything they normally would. They just can’t taste it, or have face-toface interaction,” Carrell said. Carrell said that after judges have gone through all of the entries for the particular project they are

judging, they will fill out a score card and assign a ribbon placing. When projects are done being judged, P urdue Extension county educators will publish the results. “Those counties who are having virtual fairs will have some type of public recognition for winners when COVID-19 restrictions are lifted,” Carrell said. LIVESTOCK When it comes to livestock, Carrell said that counties have the option to find a platform that allows for a live video feed of the animals, or on the FairEntry program, and members will be asked to upload three photos that showcase the front, side and rear views of their animal.

Carrell said they are relying on the integrity of 4-H members and their families to make the virtual platform a success. “Cheating does no one

any good or for the program. We have to rely on the integrity of our families,” Carrell said. Carrell added that decisions about county fairs

SM-LA1774322

Ashley Langreck can be reached at 800-426-9438, ext. 192, or alangreck@ agrinews-pubs.com. Follow her on Twitter at: @AgNews_Langreck.

that will be held in July will be made on May 15, when Purdue decides to release or extend restrictions on face-to-face gatherings.

SM-LA1774317

FFA

FROM PAGE ONE

In line with the part of the FFA motto that says FFA members are living to serve, Hays said community service would still be a large part of the convention. “We are heavily promoting community service,” Hays said, adding that although FFA members from across the state can’t come together face to face for the convention’s annual day of giving project, the hope is that FFA chapters will partake in service projects in their local communities. Hays said that other events, including some career development events and leadership development events and state and district officer elections will still take place, but the exact format is still being developed. “ Mor e i n for m at ion about contests and the convention is coming soon,” he said. Cur rent infor mation about the virtual 2020 Indiana FFA State Convention can be found at: https://tinyurl.com/ y87pxye6. Ashley Langreck

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FROM PAGE ONE

“We are pushing the boundaries as far as they will let us with planning the convention virtually, so FFA members get the most out of it. A lot of things have been canceled for members such as spring sports and the prom. Indiana FFA State Convention isn’t canceled. It may not be a 3,000-person party at Purdue, but we are going to make it as close to it as we can.” Nathan Fairchild SOUTHERN REGION VICE PRESIDENT

Ashley Langreck

Extension shares free online program on childhood obesity WEST LAFAYET TE, Ind. — Purdue Extension will offer the “I Am Moving, I Am Learning” webinar series. IMIL is a research-based program for child care professionals and guardians to learn how to prevent or reduce obesity in children age 5 and younger. T he webinar ser ies shares how to increase physical activity, improve planned child movement activities and promote healthy food choices. The remaining schedule is as follows: n May 6 — Staff Wellness and Engaging Staff with Kelsie Muller, Benton County Extension director. n May 13 — Resources and Enhancements with Meagan Brothers, Vanderburgh County Extension director. Listen to the series at 1 to 2 p.m. EDT every Wednesday at: https:// tiny url.com/y8w n256h. Participants also can call in at 312-626-6799 and enter the meeting ID: 195 167 124. Training certificates will be issued after the completion of each session.

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A6 Friday, May 1, 2020

| INDIANA AGRINEWS | www.agrinews-pubs.com

REGIONAL WEATHER

Outlook for May 1 - May 7

Shown is Fridayâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s weather. Temperatures are Fridayâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s highs and Friday nightâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s lows.

Rock Island 69/56

Chicago 66/51

ÂŠ2020; forecasts and graphics provided by

SUNRISE/SUNSET Rise 5:59 a.m. 5:57 a.m. 5:56 a.m. 5:55 a.m. 5:54 a.m. 5:53 a.m. 5:52 a.m.

Decatur 69/56

Quincy 73/58

Springfield Date May 1 May 2 May 3 May 4 May 5 May 6 May 7

Peoria 69/55

Set 7:53 p.m. 7:54 p.m. 7:55 p.m. 7:56 p.m. 7:57 p.m. 7:58 p.m. 7:59 p.m.

Champaign 69/51 Lafayette 68/52

Central Illinois: Friday: clouds and sun; pleasant in the south and west. Winds south 6-12 mph. Expect four to eight hours of sun with fair-drying conditions and average relative humidity 55%.

Fort Wayne 63/45

Muncie 67/51

Southern Illinois: Friday: pleasant with clouds and sun. Winds south 3-6 mph. Expect four to eight hours of sunshine with fair-drying conditions and average relative humidity 55%. Saturday: intervals of clouds and sun.

Indianapolis 67/52 Terre Haute 68/54

Mt. Vernon 70/55

Vevay 66/50

Northern Indiana: Friday: sunshine. Winds northwest 7-14 mph. Expect a full day of sunshine with fair-drying conditions and average relative humidity 60%.

Evansville 70/56

PRECIPITATION

MOON PHASES First

Apr 30

Full

May 7

Last

New

May 14 May 22

GROWING DEGREE DAYS Illinois Week ending April 27 Month through April 27 Season through April 27 Normal month to date Normal season to date

28 95 139 68 68

Indiana Week ending April 27 Month through April 27 Season through April 27 Normal month to date Normal season to date

Northern Illinois: Friday: sunshine and some clouds. Winds east-southeast 4-8 mph. Expect six to 10 hours of sunshine with good drying conditions and average relative humidity 55%.

Gary 62/50

Springfield 71/57

East St. Louis 76/61

TEMPERATURES

Evanston 59/52 South Bend 62/46

Rockford 67/51

AGRICULTURE FORECASTS

30 97 155 28 28

Anna 73/58 For 24-hour weather updates, check out www.agrinews-pubs.com Illinois Champaign Chicago Decatur E. St. Louis Evanston Joliet Mt. Vernon Peoria Quincy Rockford Rock Island Springfield

Today Hi/Lo/W 69/51/pc 66/51/s 69/56/pc 76/61/pc 59/52/s 67/54/s 70/55/pc 69/55/pc 73/58/pc 67/51/pc 69/56/pc 71/57/pc

Tom. Hi/Lo/W 81/52/pc 74/49/pc 80/54/pc 79/65/pc 69/48/pc 79/51/pc 80/60/pc 78/53/pc 79/54/pc 75/50/pc 78/53/pc 81/54/pc

Sun. Hi/Lo/W 71/46/r 66/46/c 72/49/r 76/54/t 63/46/c 69/47/c 75/51/t 69/48/r 69/50/r 68/46/c 69/46/c 71/49/r

Indiana Bloomington Carmel Evansville Fishers Fort Wayne Gary Lafayette Indianapolis Muncie South Bend Terre Haute Vevay

Today Hi/Lo/W 68/53/pc 65/52/pc 70/56/pc 62/47/pc 63/45/s 62/50/s 68/52/pc 67/52/pc 67/51/s 62/46/s 68/54/pc 66/50/s

Tom. Hi/Lo/W 77/58/pc 75/53/pc 79/63/pc 77/62/pc 73/48/pc 70/47/pc 80/53/pc 75/58/pc 77/54/pc 70/47/pc 77/58/pc 76/62/pc

Sun. Hi/Lo/W 73/52/t 70/51/r 77/57/t 67/55/r 66/45/r 63/46/c 71/48/r 71/51/r 71/50/r 64/44/r 73/51/sh 73/55/t

Southern Indiana: Friday: clouds and sun, except sunnier in the west. Winds west-northwest 6-12 mph. Expect four to eight hours of sun with fair-drying conditions and average relative humidity 60%.

SOUTH AMERICA Largely dry in Argentina and southeast Brazil through Saturday. A front will slowly spread showers and storms from northern Argentina across Uruguay to southeast Brazil early next week.

Weather (W): sâ&#x20AC;&#x201C;sunny, pcâ&#x20AC;&#x201C;partly cloudy, câ&#x20AC;&#x201C;cloudy, shâ&#x20AC;&#x201C;showers, tâ&#x20AC;&#x201C;thunderstorms, râ&#x20AC;&#x201C;rain, sfâ&#x20AC;&#x201C;snow flurries, snâ&#x20AC;&#x201C;snow, iâ&#x20AC;&#x201C;ice

â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Very lowâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; risk of COVID-19 from mosquito WEST LAFAYET TE, Ind. â&#x20AC;&#x201D; There is currently no evidence that COVID19 can be transmitted by mosquitoes, a Purdue University professor said. In the swells of information that have surrounded the COVID-19 pandemic, Catherine Hill, a professor of entomology and vector biology, said one question that keeps popping up is whether animals, including mosquitoes, can infect humans with the virus. Scientists around the world are currently assessing if mosquitoes pose a risk in terms of COVID19 transmission, but so far there is no evidence to support this idea and, for many reasons, it is extremely unlikely mosquitoes are able to transmit the virus. â&#x20AC;&#x153;It is early days, but weâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;re always looking at things from a risk management and assessment perspective and I think the risk is very low,â&#x20AC;? Hill added. COVID-19 belongs to the coronavirus family and other viruses in this family, including SARS, or severe acute respiratory syndrome, and MERS, or Middle East respiratory syndrome, are not transmitted through mosquitoes. â&#x20AC;&#x153;There is no biological reason to believe another member of the family would be an exception,â&#x20AC;? Hill said. Hill has a few messages to help inform and allay fears: Q While research is still ongoing into primary routes of transmission, SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, is a â&#x20AC;&#x153;respiratory virusâ&#x20AC;? and is primarily transmitted by â&#x20AC;&#x153;aerosolâ&#x20AC;? route â&#x20AC;&#x201C; sneezing or coughing and touching contaminated surfaces and then touching your face. Although it has been detected at low levels in the blood, there is no evidence it can be transmitted via bite from a mosquito. Q Itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s true that mosquitoes can transmit some viruses such as dengue and Zika, but mosquitoes donâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t transmit all viruses, for example viruses like HIV, Ebola, and coronaviruses. Q For a mosquito to become infected with SARSCoV-2, it would have to feed on the blood of an infected person, acquire the virus, which would have to pass into the midgut of the mosquito, infect the salivary glands, replicate and then be passed to another person during a second blood meal. This whole process takes 10 to 14 days and during this time a virus would have to overcome physical and physiological barriers. There is no biological evidence that any virus in the coronavirus family is capable of achieving this feat. Transmission is a remote possibility. As the Northern Hemisphere transitions into summer, Hill continued, itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s important that people remain vigilant about tick and mos-

Central Indiana: Friday: partly cloudy in the north and east; clouds and sun in the south and west. Winds west-southwest 4-8 mph. Expect six to 10 hours of sun with excellent drying conditions and average humidity 55%.

With the summer months coming and mosquitoes becoming an increasingly numerous and annoying, you can rest assured knowing that there is no evidence of anyone becoming infected with COVID-19 as a result of a mosquito bite.

quito-borne diseases like Zika virus, West Nile virus and Lyme disease. â&#x20AC;&#x153;Thatâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s one area of concern, that if everyoneâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s bandwidth is taken up with COVID-19 there wonâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t be enough attention aďŹ&#x20AC;orded to these other diseases,â&#x20AC;? Hill said. For those looking for credible up-to-date information about COVID-19 transmission myths and facts, Hill recommended resources from The World Health

Organization at https:// tinyurl.com/r4wnxbd and U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention at https://tinyurl.com/wz7ojes. With the continuation of social distancing, however, and people keeping closer to home and more indoors, Hill did say itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s possible this year will see a decrease in vector-borne diseases simply because COVID-19 precautions will limit the publicâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s general exposure.

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Check Out Our Used Equipment Inventory! TRACTORS

PLANTERS

2013 JD 8360R, IVT, ILS, 2500 HRS 2006 JD 8230, PS, MFD, 3750 HRS 2006 JD 7220, IVT, TLS, 2700 HRS 2018 JD 6130R, 24SPD PQ, MFD, LDR, 500 HRS 2016 JD 6110R, 24SPD PQ, MFD, LDR, 650 HRS 2009 JD 6330, CAH, PQ, TWD, 2600 HRS 2007 JD 6715, CAH, PQ, TWD, 1300 HRS 2014 CIH 450 ROWTRAC, PTO, GUIDANCE, 1800 HRS 2015 CIH MAGNUM 340, CVT, MFD, 1865 HRS 2008 CIH MAGNUM 335, PS, MFD, 3350 HRS 1995 CIH 7220 MAGNUM, PS, MFD, 6550 HRS 1993 CIH 7110 MAGNUM, PS, TWD, 5800 HRS 1996 CIH 5230, CAH, TWD, 3800 HRS MCCORMICK C70L, OS, TWD, 970 HRS 2009 NH T8050, PS, MFD, 2780 HRS KUBOTA L3710, OS, HST, MFD, LDR, 1200 HRS 2018 TS GATOR 4X2 200 HRS EQUIPMENT

A slight taper from the center is built into the slat & this unique design along with the smooth finish keeps the floor cleaner and dryer. The Honegger slat has a pencil rounded edge that resists chipping & reduces damage to feet & legs. The self-spacing T slat is a feature of the Honegger Slat. We feel the 6-inch slat with 1-inch spacing is the best floor for hogs.

HONEGGER SLATS

1204 West Oak, Fairbury, IL 61739 815-692-3511

2014 KUHN-KRAUSE 5635 24FT FIELD CULTIVATOR SUNFLOWER 6631 29 & 40FT VT MCFARLANE QUADRA-TIL 11 SH CHISEL CIH 2500 5 SH RIPPER, NO-TIL 2000 NH BB940 BIG SQUARE BALER 2005 NH 570 SQUARE BALER NEW IDEA 3709 MANURE SPREADER SCHULTE RS320 JUMBO ROCK PICKER PENTA 3020-SD TMR MIXER KUHN KNIGHT VT180 TMR MIXER KUHN KNIGHT VT 168 TMR MIXER

COMBINES

2013 JD S680, 4WD, CM, CHPPR, BIN EXT, 1800/1250 HRS 2010 CIH 6088, 4WD, FT, RT, CHPPR, PWR BIN, 1400/1000 HRS HEADS

2012 MAC DON FD70S 30FT DRAPER, JD ADAPTER 2013 CIH 2162 35FT DRAPER, IH WIDE THROAT 2011 CIH 2161 30FT DRAPER, IH WIDE THROAT 2005 CIH 1020 25FT GRAIN HEAD 2003 CIH 1020 30FT GRAIN HEAD 2010 JD 625F HYDRAFLEX GRAIN HEAD 2003 JD 925F GRAIN HEAD CIH 3408, HD, KR, IH WIDE THROAT 2012 GERINGHOFF RD800B, 8R30, HD, HH, JD ADAPTER MISC HEAD TRAILERS CONSTRUCTION

2017 BOBCAT E45, CAH, HYD THUMB, 1100 HRS 2016 BOBCAT E42, OS, E-HOE, 850 HRS 2018 DEERE 314G, OS, 1 SPD, 3 HRS 2014 BOBCAT S570, CAH, 2SPD, 755 HRS 2019 DEERE 317G, CAH, 1 SPD, 138 HRS 2017 BOBCAT T770, CAH, 2SPD, 2000 HRS KUBOTA SVL90-2, CAH, 2 SPD, HIGH-FLOW, 1275 HRS 2018 NH C232, CAH, 2 SPD, 600 HRS VIRNIG PWR90 POWER RAKE, SKID STEER MOUNT JD 570A ROAD GRADER, 1500 HRS

Sunflower â&#x20AC;˘ Wil-Rich â&#x20AC;˘ Killbros â&#x20AC;˘ Woods â&#x20AC;˘ Maurer Trailers â&#x20AC;˘ McFarlane 6407 North St. Rd. 15 Leesburg, IN 46538

"Honegger Concrete Slatsâ&#x20AC;?

have a compression strength of 7020 psi at 28 days" Delivery & Installation Available Manufacturing Quality Slats For 30 years

2007 JD 1790 12/23 LIQ FERT 2001 KINZE 3000 4/7, 38â&#x20AC;? SPACING JD 7000 4 ROW MALE PLANTER, 40FT.

SM-LA1774311

Tim Polk | Jeremiah Polk | Curtis HatďŹ eld (574) 453-2411 | Fax: 574-453-2515 polkequipmentinc.com

www.agrinews-pubs.com | INDIANA AGRINEWS | Friday, May 1, 2020

BEEF CATTLE 3 LINE 1 Registered Hereford Bulls. Calving Ease, Production Tested, Semen Tested, Gentle Disposition, Ready to go to Work. EPDs available. $2,000 & up. Call 765-652-3558 66 REG. BLACK Angus cows, 24 spring calving, 17 w/calves now, 42 fall calving beginning end of aug., $2,200 for fall calving, $2,600 for spring calving, 1 Reg black angus bull, 2 yrs old, $2,500 Call 502-9051833 or 812-596-4348 ANGUS YEARLING BULLS. Performance tested with exc EPDs. Work on heifers and cows. Guaranteed. Also one proven herd bull.

Sunnyhill Angus. 309-338-2957

INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT

* Tile Lift Pumps * 150 to 15,000 GPM *Electric Motors * *Farm Drainage Pumps * * Generator Sets * Shoemaker Welding North Liberty, IN 574-656-4412 FARMS FOR SALE/RENT 39+/- AC. MARSHALL Cnty, IL.1872 Cnty Rd. 900 N. Varna, IL., Surveyed, 2 creeks, partial timber, $7,800/ac. Call Ray 417-217-9688 PLANTERS

BULLS FOR SALE! Purebred Angus & Composite Simmentals, Performance EPDs,Yearling & aged Bulls. Runner Farms, Blandinsville, IL (405)334-2653 or (309)255-1727 runnerfarms@mtcnow.net

Want Ads Get Attention! POLLED SHORTHORN BULLS, 2-yr. olds & yearlings, calving ease genetics, prices to sell, Call 217-737-1023 PRESCOTT ANGUS Yearling Angus Bulls For Sale Richard Prescott 815-228-2069 prescottangus.com REG. YRLG SIM. Ang bulls, BSE, and DNA tested, docile, blk, & bwf, $3,000 free del. In IL. River Bend Farm 815-674-8090 POULTRY/RABBITS Wanting 1 white female peacock, 765-618-7948 SWINE EQUIPMENT D&M portable loading chute, 36 SS double drinkers, 4ft., Winpower pressure washer 2000 psi 4 gal/min. 217-756-8268 MISC. LIVESTOCK EQUIP MISC JAMESWAY CATTLE feed conveyors, Call 815-252-7117 LIVESTOCK TRAILERS DELTA TRAILERS & LOW PRO HOG TRAILERS 6-1/2 tall, 16 long, 2 axle brake & spare tire, Starting at $5,495. Wackerline Trailers Sandwich, IL. 815-786-2504 wackerlinesales.com

Crawfordsville, IN (765) 866.0253 Eaton, OH (937) 456.6281 Georgetown, OH (937) 378.4880 La Crosse, IN (219) 754.2423 Lebanon, IN (765) 482.2303 Leb. Spray Center, IN (765) 481.2044 Pendleton, IN (765) 778.1991 Plymouth, IN (574) 936.2523 Remington, IN (219) 261.4221 Terre Haute, IN (812) 234.2627 Wilmington, OH (937) 382.0941 Winamac, IN (574) 946.6168

Trucks Available ZBAR Feed Yards 319-480-1673, 480-1426 563-926-2190

NEW GT RECIRCULATING Batch Grain Dryers. Cornwell Equipment. (217)543-2631

Lincolnland Agri-Energy, LLC Buying Corn Clint Davidson Commodity Mgr 10406 N 1725th St Palestine, IL 618-586-2321 or 888-586-2321 8x62 MAYRATH AUGER, $2,000 Call 309-368-1097

TRACTORS 1972 JD 4320, dual wheel weights, 6630-hours, rebuilt engine, hyd pumps, lots of new parts, 184-38 fenders,very good cond., $14,550. 765-278-4483

HAY & STRAW HAY AND STRAW, Pandemic Sale, existing inventory 10% off plus 50% off delivery cost for qualified orders, Call David 815-685-5344, Mike 815-685-9646

New& Used REM & Kongskilde grain vacs. Used Kongskilde 1000 & 500 grain vacs. Cornwell Equipment, Arthur, IL 217-543-2631

greendrills.com (740)756-4810 Hizey Farm Service LLC Harms Land-Rollers, Brand New! 12 - $6,800, 14 -7,300, 16 - $8,000 , 24 - $14,800, 32 - $17,500, 42-$21,500 Any size Available. 715-234-1993

SM-LA1774301

SM-LA1774310

AUGER

SM-LA1774293

Shivvers grain drying system, complete, reasonably priced. 219-207-0482 MISC GRAIN HANDLING WANTED TO BUY used grain cleaners, Neco DMC Sukup and others, also, small farm fan grain dryers, Call 815-228-2652 WAGONS & GEARS JD-716A SILAGE WAGON, 3 beaters, roof, wood floor, unloading apron ext., PTO shaft, variable floor spd. On a JD-1075 4 wheel running gear, with tongue ext., trails straight, well maintained and shedded, Asking $4,500. Wanatah IN. 219-252-0510

BINS & DRYERS

MF-265 W/MF LOADER, 95% rear tires, approx. 2500 total hrs. New Tach. shows 510 hrs. Mechanically sound. Needs paint. $7,500. (765)366-2914 INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT

INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT

ELEC. MOTORS/GENERATORS

2005 5.9 electronic cummins, turbo with Funk, 3 hydraulic motor setup, $4500. 618-214-2194 301 German dsl, 282 Int'l glow plug diesel, both fit 560 or 706 IH tractors, $1000-ea. 504 Case turbo, $2000. 618-214-2194 Generators: used, low hr takeouts. 20KW to 2000KW. Dsl, Propane, Nat. Gas. 701-3719526. abrahamindustrial.com Winco Generators. PTO portables & eng. sets avail., Large Inventory. Albion, IL. Waters Equip. 618-445-2816

CARS/TRUCKS/TRAILERS 1976 PROGRESS, SS 4800 gal. tanker, Call 309-224-9186 2004 VOLVO VNN, ALL GOOD tires, low miles, Very Good Cond., $6,000 Call 309-368-1097 2007 International 8600, AR, tandem axle, 10-spd. transmission, C13 Cat eng., 167-wb, Nice Truck, $19,500. 217-924-4405 8-5pm. 2013 Freightliner Cascadia 125, Air Ride susp., tandem axle, Detroit engine, 241,000 miles, auto, Very Nice truck Call for price. 217-924-4405 8-5pm.

SPRAYERS 1998 Rogator 854, 90ft boom, trimble ez glide 250, retired, low acres, good cond., $22,000. 618-214-5775

HARDI NAVIGATOR 1000, 60/90 axle, foamer, chem inductor, 60' hyd. Fold boom, triple nozzles, 540 RPM 361 pump, w/1000 RPM reduction kit, 2500 rate controller, 3 section shut off, 13.6/38 tires, flush & rinse, road lights, asking $6,000 Call 815-822-3565

Check out our Auction Section in today's AgriNews

Buy it! Sell it! Find it! Classifieds

FORAGE We Repair Baler Knotters on your Farm! Service Calls also available for farm equipment! Used Rakes & New Tedders for Sale! Kings Repair, Marshall IN 765-597-2015

5TH WHEEL SPRAYER trailer, duel tandems brakes, lights, $6,700 obo, 1600 Yetter 4 wheel steer 309-531-7576

IRRIGATION EQUIPMENT

Buyers and Feeders Of Damaged corn, soybeans, screening, wet, hot, dry, fire, and silo corn

GRAIN VACS

Don't Need it? Sell it Here!

JD 4640, 18.4x42 tires, quad range, 8228 hours, 50 series engine, good condition,$18,500. Call 217-430-4023

PARTS & SALVAGE

BINS & DRYERS

FEED & GRAIN

MANURE EQUIPMENT BETTERBILT-2600 VAC. SPREADER, 3 knife plow down, 1000 RPM pump, good paint & tires, Call 217-756-8268

Bane-Welker.com

OPEN POLLINATED SEED corn, out produces Hybrids for silage. $67 per bu. Plus shipping. 217-857-3377

2010 FARMALL-95C, 97 hp., 540 PTO, 1830 hrs., MFD, A/C, Heat, CD radio, quick attach loader, Like New, $35,000 obo. (309)883-6340 JD 3010, good paint and tires, good sheet metal and fenders, sat for awhile, gas engine is free, $3500. 618-214-2194

TILLAGE EQUIPMENT/ PLOWS ETC. Landoll 30ft 876 tilloll good blades and beaters needs sweeps, $8500 obo. 618-562-9485

LS-779039

Kinze 3600, 16/31 row, great shape, ready to go, no-till, insecticide, corn & bean meters, KPM II monitor, 815-712-3703

2004 VERSATILE-2425, 3300hours., N14, PS, bare-back, Exc cond., $67,500, OBO Retiring. 563-357-4300

FERTILIZER EQUIPMENT 6-Row corn liquid nitrogen applicator, 3pt hitch, red ball monitor, PTO pump, includes tractor tanks, can also spray herbicide, Delivery possible, $4500. 814-322-8090 MISC PARTS FOR Gandy Orbit Air, Call 815-252-7117 New Steel Storage tanks available Capacity up to 50,000 gal. 618-553-7549, 562-4544 www.dktanks.com PROGRESSIVE MODEL 2600 sidedress toolbar, 36 row, 30in w/2300 gal. tank, Coulter injection, asking $35,000. OBO Exc. Shape. 309-275-2424 SCHABEN LA9000 LIQ. Fert applicator, 60', exc. Cond., 20” coulters w/knives, hyd. Pump, 3” fill, 1500 gal. Tank, JD rate controller, Call 309-303-3858 TANKS: STAINLESS. PIPE For Culverts 10-inch to 10ft DIA. 618-553-7549, 618-562-4544, www.dktanks.com LOANS/ FINANCIAL SERVICES FARM LOANS. We have the Best term/interest rates avail. Fixed rates, 5-25 yrs. 618-5282264 c, 618-643-2264, The BelRay Co, Don Welch and Jeff Welch, McLeansboro, IL

Wingate, IN (765) 275.2270

COMBINES/PLATFORMS/ HEADS 25ft 925 John Deere grain platform w/30ft head mover, $8900. 618-927-7858, 618-927-7857 640 V8 Perkins turbo diesel, $2500. 3.9 Cummins turbo, $3000. Both in good condition, 618-214-2194 SEED GT SOYBEANS FOR SALE, Call 765-719-3995

1997 MF-8150, FWA, 4530 hrs, rebuilt hyd., 380/90 R46 rears @ 75%, 380/85 R30 Fronts @ 95%, Well maintained. $39,500. (765)366-2914

SPRAYERS JD-6700, 3-WHEEL, 60-ft. boom, triple nozzles, w/drops 2375 hrs, spray star monitor, Trimble light bar, foamer, Good Cond., $41,000. 815-260-0249, can text pics. MILLER SELF-PROPELLED SPRAYER, Model 4240, 1000gallon tank, 90ft booms, Ag Leader Integra Monitor, lots of options, 720-hours, like new cond., $160,000-obo. Delivery Possible. 814-322-8090 SPRA-COUPE 3440, PERKINS, 60-ft. straight booms, 300 gal, foamer, EZ Guide 250, 1998, 3600 hrs, Exc. Cond., $12,500. 309-303-1292.

Please say.... I saw it in AgriNews TILLAGE EQUIPMENT/ PLOWS ETC. 32ft JD 630 disk, $13,500; 2007 M&W BF10 hay rake, $6000. Both been shedded. 618-508-2808 33-FT. LANDOLL 9800 field cultivator, rear hitch and hydraulics, 4 bar coil tine harrow, like new sweeps, $4,900-obo. 309-264-7843 Case IH 25ft 3950 disk, w/271/2ft Case IH Crumbler, both in very good condition, field ready, $22,900. 618-927-7858, 618-927-7857 CIH-16 ROW CULTIVATOR, danish tine, like new, $4,900; JD-400 30ft rotary hoe, end transport, nice for age, $950. Call 309-657-9099 CIH-700, HIGH CLEARANCE 8 bottom 16” pull type on land plow, $3,000; CIH-516 720 plow, 3 pt. $1,500. Call 217-456-7641 JD MULCH MASTER, MODEL 550, 25-FT., EXTRA SWEEPS, GOOD COND., $4,750. 812-204-4587 JD-2210 30'-6” FIELD cultivator 6” spacing, 7” knock on sweeps, 3 bar spike drag w/roller, $32,500. 815-482-5960

MISC. FARM EQUIPMENT

Iroquois Equipment Bush Hog Dealer Onarga, IL. 815-351-8124 *New/used Bush Hog mowers on hand. *Full line of Bush Hog parts.

*Fast, low rate shipping. We can help keep your Bush Hog mower running like new!

SM-LA1774299

FOR SALE GRAIN Bin Drying System, 42' Shivvers Drying System w/level dry & computer system & Cross Augers, 2 turbo Fans & Burners, 26hp a piece, Call 217-821-6232 for price GSI FANS 25hp - 50hp Centrifugal fans 60% OFF. Brush Enterprises, Bethany, IL 800-373-0654 GSI FLOORING New-Weather: 18' , 21' , 24' Floor. 50% off. While They Last. Call Place Order. Brush Enterprises, Bethany, IL 1-800-373-0654

International snow blower, 3pt hitch, hydraulic spout, $1100. JD rotary hoe, 15ft. $450. 618-214-2194 LENAN CORP. HI-140 Heater, includes 300 gal. waste oil tank, flue pipe, Call 812-530-6732 IRRIGATION EQUIPMENT Wanted: Irrigation Equipment Pipes, Pumps/Travelers. HOEKSTRA FARMS, LLC. St. Anne, IL. Call 815-427-6510 We Manufacture All Steel Irrigation Bridges! Abbott Fabrication Winamac, IN 574-225-1326 Shop: 574-946-6566

Buy Sell Trade Try AgriNews Classifieds It Works!!

A8 Friday, May 1, 2020

| INDIANA AGRINEWS | www.agrinews-pubs.com

Livestock Tyson Foods idles largest pork plant as virus slams industry IOWA CITY, Iowa (AP) — Tyson Foods suspended operations April 22 at an Iowa plant that was blamed for fueling a massive coronavirus outbreak in the region. The plant can process 19,500 hogs per day, ac-

counting for 3.9% of U.S. pork processing capacity, according to the National Pork Board. More than 180 infections have been linked to the plant and officials expect that number to dramatically

rise. Testing of its 2,800 workers was expected to begin Friday. Cases and hospitalizations in Black Hawk County have skyrocketed in recent days and local officials say the plant is the source of most infections.

REMEMBER LAST YEAR? Remember the scramble for quality forage?

MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE. MINIMUM COMPACTION

Let’s try a different approach. We have the innovative solutions to help you maximize your digestible ﬁber per acre this spring and summer.

Want to be in control of when and how you spray? The cab-forward/rear-engine configuration of Case IH Patriot ® sprayers minimizes rutting and soil compaction and allows you to get in the field sooner. And our exclusive AIM Command ® spray system technology option allows application rate and spray pressure to remain constant, regardless of sprayer speed or field conditions. To learn more see your Case IH dealer or visit us online at caseih.com/patriot-sprayer

Spring small grains followed by summer annuals.

Which combination works best for you? Some of our summer options: • Forage Sorghum • Sorghum sudan • Sudangrass • Photo period sensitive • Teff

• Brachytic dwarf, higher leaf to stem ratio • Gene 6 for highest ﬁber digestibility • Available in organic

Give us a call and we’ll help you put together the best forage plan for your acres and livestock. Crawfordsville, IN (765) 866.0253 Lebanon, IN (765) 482.2303

Eaton, OH (937) 456.6281

Leb. - Spray Center, IN (765) 481.2044

Terre Haute, IN (812) 234.2627

Georgetown, OH (937) 378.4880

Pendleton, IN (765) 778.1991

Wilmington, OH (937) 382.0941

La Crosse, IN (219) 754.2423

Plymouth, IN (574) 936.2523

Winamac, IN (574) 946.6168

Remington, IN (219) 261.4221

www.Bane-Welker.com

SM-LA1774296

SM-LA1774291

FARMS

FEATURED LISTINGS Bartholomew County, IN: 60.25+/- Acres

FOR SALE ADVERTISE YOUR FARMLAND FOR SALE Call Your Local

Contact: Dave Bonnell 812.343.4313 or Michael Bonnell 812.343.6036

Clinton County, IN: 14.5+/- Acres • 2 Tracts Contact: Sam Clark 317.442.0251 or Jim Clark 765.659.4841

Decatur County, IN: 80+/- Acres • Contact: Dave Bonnell 812.343.4313 or Michael Bonnell 812.343.6036

Delaware County, IN: 295.51+/- Acres Contact: Chris Peacock 765.546.0592 or Lauren Peacock 765.546.7359

Marshall County, IN: 31.72+/- Acres • Contact: Julie Matthys 574.310.5189 LaPorte County, IN: 18.48+/- Acres • 2 Tracts • 2,496 sq. ft. Home Contact: Larry Smith 219.716.4041 or Kelsey Sampson 219.608.4341

LAND FOR SALE IN INDIANA

Representative

Contact: Julie Matthys 574.310.5189

Porter County, IN: 92.30+/- Acres • 4 Tracts

• 137.08 A, 130.75 Tillable, 3.7 CRP, W of Brook.

Contact: Julie Matthys 574.310.5189

Boone County

Contact: Todd Litten 812.327.2466 or Pat Karst 260.563.8888

• 28.95 Ac, 21.85 Tillable, 4 miles north of Lebanon, includes home and outbuildings

- Farmland Investments & Management

Vermillion County, IN: 979.89+/- Acres

“I appreciate all that you did regarding my Mom and Dad’s farm. Your team was very professional and ‘Top-Notch’ all the way through the process.” Tim Busald

- Sale Leaseback Options

For more information go to hagemanrealty.com

or 800-426-9438

For more information, visit halderman.com

HAGEMAN REALTY

SM-LA1774304

Ext. 113

LaPorte County, IN: 60+/- Acres • Galena Township 58.26+/- Acres • Coolspring Township 30.22+/-Acres • Springfield Township

Newton County

- Farmland Sales

AgriNews

800-801-3596

Wingate, IN (765) 275.2270

18390 S. 480 W. Remington, IN 47977 219-261-2000

HRES IN Auct. Lic. #AC69200019, IL Lic. #417.013288 MI Lic. #6505264076 AUCTIONEER: RUSSELL D. HARMEYER, IN Auct. Lic. #AU10000277, IL Auct. Lic #441.002337 SM-LA1774305

www.agrinews-pubs.com | INDIANA AGRINEWS | Friday, May 1, 2020

Lifestyle CHOW LINE

KITCHEN DIVA

Keep food fresh longer

Spend less while still eating well

I’m only shopping once or twice a month now, as I abide by the stay-at-home order during the COVID-19 pandemic. How can I make sure my food lasts as long as possible so that I don’t have to keep going back to the store? Your question is on the minds of many people nationwide, as the majority of the country continues efforts to flatten the curve and lessen the spread of COVID-19. In Ohio, for example, on April 2, the stay-at-home order was extended to May 1. With that in mind, many grocery retailers are or have implemented regulations to manage social distancing measures, including making grocery aisles move in one direction and lessening the number of shoppers in the stores at the same time. With these limitations, consumers should first shop their cupboards and develop recipes that use up foods that are the oldest but still safe eat, said Brian Roe, a professor of agricultural economics for The Ohio State University College of Food, Agricultural and Environmental Sciences. “Then, turn to create a list of all the foods that you need to buy before you get to the store,” Roe said. “This allows for more efficient shopping, cuts down your shopping time and allows you to be more strategic about ensuring you get what you need so that you don’t need to make an additional shopping trip to pick up missed items.” With that in mind, it’s important to be aware of what the date labels on food actually mean. Having a better understanding of what the sell-by date, use-by date, or best-by date on food products means can help you avoid food waste and help ensure that the food you buy lasts as long as possible. DATE LABELS Understanding date labels on food products is key, especially considering most people aren’t sure what those date labels on food actually mean, said Irene Hatsu, state specialist in food security for Ohio State University Extension, CFAES’ outreach arm. In fact, according to a study by Harvard University’s Food Law and Policy Clinic and the Johns Hopkins Center for a Livable Future, more than a third of consumers throw away food once the date on the label has passed, because they mistakenly think the date is an indicator of food safety, she said. But for most foods, the date label is a manufacturer’s best guess as to how long the product will be at its peak quality. With only a few exceptions, the majority of food products remain wholesome and safe to eat long past their label dates, the study authors said. “Some of those exceptions include key perishable items that are typically consumed without first going through a cooking or kill step, such as deli meats and soft cheeses,” Roe said. Infant formula is the only food product that must carry product dating under current federal law and should not be fed after the date on the label. Raw meat, poultry and fish should also be cooked or frozen by the date on the label, said Barbara Kowalcyk, a food safety expert and a CFAES assistant professor of food safety and public health. For guidance on when to keep or toss particular food items, consumers can turn to the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s FoodKeeper app or website at foodsafety.gov/keep-food-safe/ foodkeeper-app. Chow Line is a service of The Ohio State University College of Food, Agricultural and Environmental Sciences.

By Angela Shelf Medearis

Time, patience, elbow grease and planning go a long way to creating a successful garden.

Advice for first-time gardeners: Start small By B. Rosie Lerner

As so many of us are spending much more time at home these days, this might be the perfect time to think about starting a vegetable garden. In addition to adding fresh produce to your diet, gardening can offer both physical and mental therapeutic benefits. Anyone can develop a green thumb, as long as they’re willing to invest a little time, patience and elbow grease. Good planning is essential to successful gardening. Start your garden off right by selecting a location that receives at least six hours of direct sunlight daily, if possible. Good drainage of excess water is critical. Observe the site during these rainy days to avoid areas where water tends to stand. Try to steer clear of trees and shrubs that would compete with your garden plants for water, light and nutrients. Walnut trees in particular produce a substance called juglone that is toxic to some garden plants. Once you’ve selected your site, sketch your plans on paper. Decide how big the garden will be, what crops you want to grow and where to place them. Beginners tend to go overboard, not realizing how much work lies ahead. It’s best to start out small and gradually

add to your patch each year as needed. A 100-square-foot plot should be plenty for your first venture, or consider making a small raised bed garden. Those without adequate space can consider gardening in containers. Many different vegetables will produce well in Indiana. Most new gardeners start out by picking up a few seed packets at their local grocery. This is an acceptable way to get started, although there is no guarantee that the cultivars of vegetables being sold are best suited for Indiana conditions. Garden centers are more likely to have a wider choice available. More-experienced gardeners often order online to supplement what is available from local garden centers, taking time to pick out cultivars that have the particular characteristics they’re interested in. Before heading out to the garden to plant, you’ll need to gather some tools and properly prepare the soil. A hoe, rake, spade, sprinkler, string and stakes are about the minimum tool supply you’ll need. It’s a good idea to have your soil tested as early as possible to learn how much of what kind of fertilizer to apply. Next, prepare a good planting bed, but make sure the soil has dried sufficiently before you work it. Working wet soil

will damage the soil’s structure. Squeeze a handful of soil, and if it crumbles away easily, it’s ready. If it sticks together in a muddy ball, you’d better hold off. When it’s ready, work the soil at least 6 inches deep. A rototiller makes this job pretty easy, but for small plots a spade and strong arms will do. Then rake the soil surface level. Most seed packages will list planting directions such as depth and spacing. When setting out transplants, be sure to dig a hole larger than the soil ball of the plant to aid root establishment. Most transplants are sold in containers that must be removed before planting. The exception is those sold in peat pots — brown, fibrous pots — that can be planted, but do need a little modification. Tear off the rim of peat pots to ensure that no part of the pot will stick out of the soil. And, if roots are not growing out of the bottom of the pot already, it’s helpful to tear or poke holes through the bottom of the pot to allow for easier root penetration. Transplants dry out and wilt rapidly, so be sure to get those transplants watered thoroughly as soon as possible.

high-cost food item with low-cost products. During these uncern Look for coupons betain times when so many fore you go, but only for are ill, have lost their what you would buy anyjobs and are frightened way. Some stores double about what the future coupon amounts for admay hold, it’s easy to feel ditional savings. hopeless or become den Use economy cuts of pressed. meat, like chicken thighs Remember, even and chuck roast. They though things may look provide good-quality probleak, have faith that this tein at a lower cost. too shall pass, that you’re n Use your oven effinot alone, and that help ciently and bake more is available to you — just than one dish at a time. ask! The energy savings can Learning how to spend be used to supplement less but still eat well other parts of your budtakes skill, determinaget. tion and know-how, but n Mix one part of reit can be done. There are constituted instant milk simple ways to stretch with one part of skim your resources when you milk, 1% or 2% milk. must cut expenses. Again, you are stretching Here’s a list of ideas a high-cost product with designed to help you and a low-cost one in a way your family eat well even that likely will not be noafter your income has ticed by your family. been reduced. Most of n Compare prices per the ideas are practical, unit: pound, ounce, everyday things you can dozen or package. Most do to cut food costs. stores provide the inforn Plan your meals one mation on the shelf label. week at a time. Take n Wrap, store and plan advantage of specials how to use leftovers. and seasonal foods. Plan Millions of dollars’ meals around featured worth of food goes to sale items to cut food waste each year. costs. n Make your own conven Make a shopping list. nience foods. The more When you get to the convenience built into a store, stick to your list food product, the higher to cut down on impulse its price. buying. n Plan a meatless day n Find out when supereach week. Meat is one markets discount meat, of the more expensive produce and bakery foods in our diet. Use goods as day-old goods, recipes that feature and check items in the beans, cheese or vegeta“discount” bins for addi- bles instead of meat. tional savings. Here’s an easy recipe n Buy generic store for veggie-stuffed pasta brands and products on shells that makes a great the lower shelves of the one-pot, meatless meal grocery store. The price that saves time and difference can be consid- money. erable. n Shop for food once Angela Shelf Medearis is each week to save gas, an award-winning chiltime and money. dren’s author, culinary n Make a pound of historian and the author hamburger go further of seven cookbooks. Her by adding breadcrumbs, website is www.divaoatmeal or tomato sauce. pro.com. © 2020 King You are stretching a Features Synd., Inc.

B. Rosie Lerner is a Purdue Extension consumer horticulture specialist.

SENIOR NEWS LINE

There’s no need to precook the shells in this simple pasta dish. It’s almost like magic when you open the lid and find the deliciousness waiting in the slow cooker.

Veggie-Stuffed Pasta Shells Servings: 4

Plant marigold seeds in sterile seed-starting mix. Barely cover the seeds with soil. Keep the pots warm and moist, but not soggy wet. They should sprout in a week or two.

Planned activity goes to seed By Matilda Charles

How are you doing with your time-filling activities now that so many of us are locked up inside and told not to go out? Have you been able to complete any of your projects? Part of my plan to fill some of the hours in my stay-at-home time was to get a start on flowers for this summer. I planned to get a small seed starter kit and a packet of marigold seeds. I looked forward to seeing the little greenery coming up, a sign of life. My plan went nowhere. Where are all the marigold seeds? While I almost under-

stand why the stores are out of bread and canned beans, who is buying all the flower seeds from nurseries and gardening centers? Granted, I only tried to order from locations in my growing zone, but still how can they all be out of stock? Learning how to solve the Rubik’s cube didn’t go well, either, even with the help of multiple YouTube videos that promised to teach how to solve within 30 seconds. Not all my plans have failed so miserably, however. I did manage to finish three French lessons on Duolingo.com. Encouraged by how fast it came to me, I decided to read children’s books in French as a way

to learn more. The French Experiment — www.thefrenchexperiment.com — offers not only books in French, but lessons. As I write this, there are still a handful of states where the governor has not issued mandatory stay-at-home orders. If you’re in one of those states, pretend that you are under restrictions. Your job is to keep yourself healthy. To do that, you need to stay at home. Imagine that every other person outside has the virus, because there’s a chance that they do and no one knows it yet. © 2020 King Features Synd., Inc.

INGREDIENTS 1 cup small-curd cottage cheese 1/4 cup grated Romano cheese or Parmesan cheese or combine both 2 teaspoons finely grated lemon zest or 1 teaspoon lemon juice 4 ounce package (about 1 1/4 cup) pepper jack cheese, coarsely grated 2 tablespoons Italian seasoning or poultry seasoning 1 teaspoon salt 1 teaspoon ground black pepper 1/8 teaspoon red pepper flakes or cayenne pepper 1/8 teaspoon ground nutmeg or ground cloves 1 (10-ounce) package chopped, frozen broccoli, thawed, squeezed of excess moisture 1 cup baby spinach, roughly chopped 16 large pasta shells, uncooked 3 cups marinara sauce, preferably one containing garlic and onions or mushrooms 1/2 cup water

PROCEDURE In a large bowl, combine the cottage cheese, Romano or Parmesan cheese, lemon zest or juice and 1/2 cup of the pepper jack cheese, the Italian seasoning or poultry seasoning, salt, pepper and red pepper flakes or cayenne and the ground nutmeg or ground cloves until well-combined. Fold in the broccoli and spinach. Gently fill the shells with the cottage cheese mixture, about 3 tablespoons per shell, using the side of the spoon to push and pack in the filling. In a 5- to 6-quart slow cooker, combine 2 cups marinara and the water. Place the filled shells in the slow cooker, then spoon the remaining cup of sauce on top. Sprinkle with another 1/2 cup of the pepper jack cheese and cook, covered, on low until the shells are tender when tested with a fork, about 2 to 2 1/2 hours. Spoon the stuffed shells and sauce onto serving plates and sprinkle with the remaining 1/4 cup pepper jack cheese. Serve with garlic bread, toast or rolls, if desired.

A10 Friday, May 1, 2020

| INDIANA AGRINEWS | www.agrinews-pubs.com

Business

Market data

INFB to host ag ed teacher workshops

FOR WEEK ENDING APRIL 24, 2020

Futures Prices This Last This week week Chg. week CATTLE HOGS APR 20 84.97 94.65 -9.68 MAY 20 52.52 JUN 20 82.62 86.30 -3.68 JUN 20 51.52 AUG 20 88.90 91.10 -2.20 JUL 20 54.67 OCT 20 94.47 96.12 -1.65 AUG 20 58.32 DEC 20 98.42 99.87 -1.45 OCT 20 53.97 FEB 21 102.85 104.50 -1.65 DEC 20 52.97

Last week Chg. 37.92 43.72 51.92 56.40 52.15 51.02

14.60 7.80 2.75 1.92 1.82 1.95

0.28 -1.82 -2.00 -2.15 -1.90 -0.95

MILK CLASS III APR 20 13.20 MAY 20 10.80 JUN 20 11.66 JUL 20 13.23 AUG 20 14.47 SEP 20 15.06

13.41 11.10 12.16 14.03 15.16 15.58

-0.21 -0.30 -0.50 -0.80 -0.69 -0.52

CORN MAY 20 3156 3222 -66 JUL 20 3230 3292 -62 SEP 20 3274 3336 -62 DEC 20 3366 3434 -68 MAR 21 3492 3552 -60 MAY 21 3556 3620 -64

SOYBEANS MAY 20 8322 JUL 20 8394 AUG 20 8400 SEP 20 8390 NOV 20 8414 JAN 21 8420

8324 8422 8444 8464 8510 8536

-2 -28 -44 -74 -96 -116

CHICAGO WHEAT MAY 20 5266 5334 -68 JUL 20 5304 5336 -32 SEP 20 5332 5386 -54 DEC 20 5402 5470 -68 MAR 21 5454 5544 -90 MAY 21 5450 5552 -102

K.C. WHEAT MAY 20 4746 JUL 20 4832 SEP 20 4900 DEC 20 5002 MAR 21 5104 MAY 21 5162

4786 4852 4916 5014 5112 5164

-40 -20 -16 -12 -8 -2

BRENT CRUDE OIL 21.44 28.08 -6.64 JUN 20 JUL 20 24.81 31.58 -6.77 AUG 20 27.11 33.47 -6.36 28.88 34.87 -5.99 SEP 20 OCT 20 30.26 35.95 -5.69 31.32 36.67 -5.35 NOV 20

ETHANOL MAY 20 JUN 20 JUL 20 AUG 20 SEP 20 OCT 20

0.972 0.993 1.006 1.006 1.006 1.006

-0.037 -0.037 -0.022 -0.022 -0.022 -0.022

FEEDER CATTLE APR 20 119.80 MAY 20 117.45 AUG 20 126.40 SEP 20 127.80 OCT 20 128.92 NOV 20 130.32

119.52 119.27 128.40 129.95 130.82 131.27

0.935 0.956 0.984 0.984 0.984 0.984

Stocks of Agricultural Interest

This Last 52-wk week week high

ADM 35.99 37.19 47.20 Corteva 26.27 25.51 32.78 AGCO 49.75 49.49 81.39 Dupont 41.90 38.36 81.81 BASF 11.97 12.43 20.65 Deere 138.63 138.46 181.99 Bunge 39.61 40.09 59.65 FMC 88.20 86.10 108.77 CF 28.00 28.29 55.15 Mosaic 11.33 11.45 26.90

Export Inspections (MIL BU.) This Year Cumulative Cumulative Cml. week ago this year year ago % diff. WHEAT 469.922 829.703 21963.61 20765.501 5.77 CORN 683.854 1355.316 21202.45 33289.144 -36.31 SOYBEANS 539.824 386.068 32910.35 31031.096 6.06

Livestock Summary % diff. This Last Year week year week week ago ago ago Hog Slaughter-est 11000 HD 1995 2248 2347 -11.25 -15.00 Cattle slaughter-est 1000 HD 469 502 642 -6.57 -26.95 MEAT PRICES This week Last week Change Pork Cutout Bellies Loins Hams Yld Gr 3 Choice Beef Select Beef 5-Mkt Fed Cattle Live 5-Mkt Fed Cattle Carcass

60.66 72.56 81.50 62.02 99.05 92.43 47.83 39.53 289.61 238.07 277.18 229.60 96.95 96.77 154.27 154.33

11.90 19.48 6.62 8.30 51.54 47.58 0.18 -0.06

OKLAHOMA CITY This week Last week Change Low High Low High Low High FEEDER STEER 4-5 Wt Mf 1’S 5-6 Wt Mf 1’S 6-7 Wt Mf 1’S 7-8 Wt Mf 1’S 8-10 Wt Mf 1’S

153.75 169.50 136.25 179.50 17.50 -10.00 125.00 158.50 135.25 149.75 -10.25 8.75 122.50 144.25 113.50 135.50 9.00 8.75 111.00 142.50 108.50 124.25 2.50 18.25 99.25 118.50 93.75 111.50 5.50 7.00

CASH HOGS, CARCASS PRICES, WEIGHTED AVERAGE BASE PRICE This week Last week Change National

33.73 32.28 1.45

Eastern Corn Belt Direct Feeder Cattle Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Kentucky and Ohio Reported sales this week, 825; last week, 3,233; last year, 60. Supply included 100% over 600 pounds, 100% heifers. Feeder Heifers Medium and Large 1 Head 325 300 270

Avg. Weight 750 650 725

Avg. Price 98.00 110.25 102.30

Delivery Current FOB July FOB July FOB

USDA National Grain Market Review Compared to last week, cash bids for corn, wheat and soybeans were mostly higher; corn was mixed. For the week ending April 16, an increase of 28.6 million bushels of corn export sales for 2019-20 were reported, with an increase of 12.7 million bushels of soybean exports sales, and an increase of 9 million bushels of wheat export sales. Sorghum export sales showed an increase of 4.5 million bushels. Ethanol production for the week ending April 17 reported a decrease of 7,000 barrels per day to 0.563 million barrels a day, down 46.3% from a year ago. Ethanol stocks increased 0.220 million barrels at 27.7 million barrels. For the week ending April 19, corn planted was 7%, soybeans planted 2%, and sorghum planted 19%. Wheat was 3/4 cents lower to 25 cents higher. Corn was 2 3/4 cents lower to 8 1/2 cents higher. Sorghum was 1 cent lower to 34 cents higher. Soybeans were 2 1/2 cents lower to 8 1/2 cents higher.

CORN Kansas City US No 2 rail White Corn was 2 3/4 cents lower to 1/2 cent higher from 3.15-3.23 1/2 per bushel. Kansas City US No 2 truck Yellow Corn was 1/2 cent lower to 3 1/2 cents higher from 3.14 1/4-3.25 1/4 per bushel. Omaha US No 2 Yellow Corn was 1 to 2 cents higher from 2.99-3.08 per bushel. Chicago US No 2 Yellow Corn was 1/2 cent lower from 3.19 1/43.21 1/4 per bushel. Toledo US No 2 rail Yellow corn was 1/2 cent lower at 3.09 1/4 per bushel. Minneapolis US No 2 Yellow corn rail was 8 1/2 cents higher at 2.96 1/4 per bushel.

OILSEEDS Minneapolis Yellow truck soybeans were 8 1/2 cents higher at 8.24 1/4 per bushel. Illinois Processors US No 1 Yellow truck soybeans were 2 1/2 to 3 1/2 cents higher from 8.44 1/4-8.57 1/4 per bushel. Kansas City US No 2 Yellow truck soybeans were 2 1/2 cents lower to 2 1/2 cents higher from 8.19 1/4-8.39 1/4 per bushel. Illinois 48 percent soybean meal, processor rail bid was 3.00 to 4.00 lower from 291.10-293.10 per bushel. Central Illinois Crude Soybean oil processor bid was 0.69 to 0.79 points lower from 24.7125.11 per cwt.

WHEAT Kansas City US No 1 Hard Red Winter, ordinary protein rail bid was 14 1/2 cents higher from 5.65 1/2-5.75 1/2 per bushel. St. Louis truck US No 2 Soft Red Winter terminal bid was 25 cents higher at 5.7 per bushel. Minneapolis and Duluth US No 1 Dark Northern Spring, 14.0 to 14.5 percent protein rail, was 3/4 cent lower to 24 1/4 cents higher at 6.25 1/2 per bushel. Portland US Soft White wheat rail was 5 cents higher from 6.126.15 per bushel.

SORGHUM US No 2 yellow truck, Kansas City was 1 cent lower from 5.706.24 per cwt. Texas High Plains US No 2 yellow sorghum (prices paid or bid to the farmer, fob elevator) was 8 to 34 cents higher from 5.34-5.70 per cwt.

OATS US 2 or Better oats, rail bid to arrive at Minneapolis 20 day was 3/4 to 5 3/4 cent higher from 2.95-3.60 per bushel.

AGRINEWS PHOTO/JANIE EICHHORST-SMITH

Farmers are expected to plant 97 million acres to corn this spring, compared to the 88.9 million acres that were planted in 2018.

2020 planting plans show typical pattern By Harwood D. Schaffer and Daryll E. Ray

be planted to 21 principal crops. This is 16.5 million acres greater than actual Two of the concepts acres planted in 2019, but that undergird our analyis nearly identical to prinsis of agricultural policy cipal-crop acres planted in are the low price elasticity 2018, 319.3 million acres. of production — the idea The lower number of that farmers will plant all acres planted in 2019 of their crop acres all of show the impact of widethe time — and the idea spread flooding in parts that they adjust their crop of the Midwest while the planting based on the rel- numbers for 2020 reflect ative profitability of each the expectation of more crop relative to corn. normal planting condiThe March 31 release of tions this spring. “Prospective Plantings” The comparison beby the U.S. Department tween actual plantings of Agriculture’s National in 2018 and the 2020 Agricultural Statistics prospective plantings Service provides a clear validate the concept that illustration of those prinfarmers plant all of their ciples at work. crop acres all of the time “Prospective Plantings” unless there is an interprovides a snapshot of vening weather event. the number of acres U.S. Farmers responding to farmers intend to plant the plantings survey indifor the coming crop year cate that they will plant based “primarily on sur97 million acres to corn veys conducted during the compared to the 88.9 first two weeks of March. million acres that were The March Agricultural planted in the spring of Survey is a probability 2018. This reflects an 8.1 survey that includes a million acre increase. sample of approximately While soybean pro80,000 farm operators spective plantings show a selected from a list of 7.1 million acre increase producers that ensures all compared to the flood-imoperations in the United pacted acres in 2019, they States have a chance to be are expected to show a selected. Data from op5.7 million acre decrease erators was collected by when compared to 2018. mail, internet, telephone, Wheat plantings are or personal interview to expected to show a 3.1 obtain information on million acre decline this crop acreage intentions spring compared to two for the 2020 crop year.” years earlier. The 2020 prospective The reduced acreage beplantings indicate that tween 2018 and the 2020 319.1 million acres will prospective plantings for

both soybeans and wheat are consistent with the idea that farmers make adjustments to their crop acreage allocations based on the relative expected price compared to corn. The projected corn price for the 2019-2020 crop marketing year, which ends Aug. 31, is $3.80 a bushel. For soybeans, the projected price for the current 2019-2020 crop marketing year is $8.70 a bushel. The results in soybean-to-corn price ratio of 2.3:1, which is below the long-term soybean-tocorn price ratio of 2.5:1. When this happens, farmers generally plant a portion of their soybean acres to corn or another more profitable crop — which in the present crop price climate means a crop that loses less money. We see a similar pattern for wheat. With the 2019-2010 wheat prices projected to be $4.55, the wheat-to-corn price ratio is 1.2:1 compared to a long-term price ratio of 1.45:1. As a result, wheat loses 3.1 million acres to other crops. While the current price ratios influence prospective plantings, actual plantings are also influenced by weather and price changes between now and the day the seed goes into the ground. © 2020 Agricultural Policy Analysis Center.

Dominated by deflation bandwagon and The United sit tight.” States embarked Now, let’s take on a trade war a look at what with China in those three marMarch 2018, but kets have done it ended in early since the first January 2020. trading session In mid-January, of January, just however, coronaas the trade virus was found Commodity war with China in the state of Insight ended, just as Washington and the coronavirus within days bepandemic swept came a pandemic Jerry Welch across the globe across the globe. and just before the bond And then in early March, Russia and Saudi market got a whiff of how Arabia began a price war dismal the economy was doing. with both nations, pushBut first understand ing crude oil production to record levels which, in that bonds do best when things are bearish. Bonds turn, brought about a litdo best when interest eral collapse with crude rates are falling because oil prices. The trade war the economy is weak and was clearly bearish for the U.S. agriculture mar- stone-cold bearish. In the first trading seskets. sion of January, May corn The coronavirus was futures traded as high as so contagious and lethal $3.98, but this week fell that nations across the as low as $3.01, a level globe instituted stay-atnot seen since 2016. In home orders, which led to a massive decline with the first trading session demand for gasoline with of January, May crude oil futures traded as high few driving anywhere. as $60.43, but this week, And as crude oil prices plunged in value, ethanol the market fell below plants across the US were zero by -$40 a barrel for the first time in history. shuttered, which in turn And in the first trading led to historic demand session of January, June destruction for corn. T-bonds traded as high as From “Haunted By $155.23, but traded north Markets,” in a chapter of $183 a few days ago. entitled “Three Most A fortune could have Influential Markets” been made this year being I penned on April 28, short virtually all markets 2007, comes the folwhile at the same time lowing: “First, allow long T-bonds. And that me to remind everyone particular scenario rewhat I have stated for mains firmly in place. years: ‘The three most The quote that acinfluential of all markets companied the chapter are corn, crude oil and entitled “Three Most bonds.’ Each can have Influential Markets” a powerful influence on from “Haunted By a related market and each can, under the right Markets” was a line from, “It’s Alright, Ma circumstances, impact (I’m Only Bleeding)” by the economy as a whole. Bob Dylan. When any one of those The line goes like this, markets begin a major “While money doesn’t trend, there is big money talk, it swears.” And I to be made by those that would bet heavily that are quick to get on the

I N DI A NA P OL IS — Indiana Farm Bureau will host three educator workshops in June for Ag in the Classroom volunteers and any interested teachers. Ag in the Classroom is a program led by INFB which helps bring agriculture education into Indiana’s schools. The workshops are designed to prepare educators and in-class volunteers to integrate available resources and hands-on activities about agriculture and the environment into an existing classroom curriculum. Attending a workshop gives educators an opportunity to learn from local experts in agriculture and ask questions. The workshops also are designed to prepare INFB members, who volunteer in schools through the Ag in the Classroom program, to learn new activities to be included in classroom visits. “The workshops are designed for preschool through high school educators who wish to expand their curriculum to include topics related to agriculture — the world’s food and fiber system,” said Lindi Kocher, INFB’s ag education coordinator. “The three workshops are spread across the state, to make it more accessible for educators and volunteers.” The workshop dates and locations are: n June 1 — Beck’s Hybrids, Atlanta. n June 2 — Ancilla College, Plymouth. n June 4 — Ivy Tech, Columbus. Each of this year’s sites will offer a different, unique experience for attendees. The cost per person, per workshop is $30, and lunch will be provided. Registration is now open for all three workshops. Visit www.infarmbureau. org/events to learn more and register to attend. Due to current uncertainties, refunds will be provided in the event the workshops are canceled.

those involved with corn, crude oil or bonds have been doing a great deal of swearing lately if caught on the wrong side of any of those markets. From MarketWatch: “The May crude contract for the U.S. oil benchmark marked history on Monday, finishing deeply in negative (below zero) territory and implying that investors will need to pay buyers to take delivery of crude oil, reflecting a growing glut of crude and a lack of storage space.” The only other commodity market that traded below zero, I do believe, was onions that have not traded since 1958, when legislation was passed to ban that particular market — at one time, onions were worth less than the bag in which they were stored! To repeat what I stated above: “When any one of those markets begin a major trend, there is big money to be made by those that are quick to get on the bandwagon and sit tight.” Moving forward, an enormous sea change has unfolded since January in these unprecedented times. And the scenario of deflating markets, such as corn and crude oil coupled with lower interest rates and higher bond prices, remains firmly in place — very firmly. In other words, “the three most influential markets” may continue to do what they have been doing since early January. What has already been experienced from January through this week may be just the tip of the iceberg for what lies ahead. The year is young and the markets dominated by deflation. And I mean dominated.

Indiana Crop Progress for week ending April 19 While relatively dry weather promoted good conditions for fieldwork, cold temperatures caused many producers to hold off planting in most parts of the state, according to USDA NASS, Great Lakes Regional Field Office. Soil moisture levels remained stable from the previous week. The average temperature for the week was 40.6 degrees, 12 degrees below normal for the state. The amount of rainfall varied from 0.01 inches to 1.14 inches over the week. The statewide average precipitation was 0.55 inches. There were 3.7 days suitable for fieldwork for the week ending April 19. Cornplanting progressed in some areas last week, but most growers held off as colder temperatures swept through the state, with frosts and snowfall reported in the north. Winter wheat crop conditions remained stable, and any damage from the recent frosts had yet to be seen. Winter wheat jointing lagged slightly behind last year and the five-year average. Livestock were enjoying the greener pastures in some areas, taking pressure off the short hay supply from last year. Other activities for the week included fertilizer and herbicide applications, tillage and field preparation, tile repair, and preparing equipment for planting. . Source: USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service, Great Lakes Regional Field Office.

Indiana Crop Progress Week ending April 19, 2020 (% completed) 4/19 Last 5-yr. 2020 year avg. Corn planted 4 1 3 Soybeans planted 2 NA NA Winter wheat 26 34 35 jointing

www.agrinews-pubs.com | INDIANA AGRINEWS | Friday, May 1, 2020

A11

LEXION combines protect grain quality during harvest By Martha Blum

AGRINEWS PUBLICATIONS

OMAHA, Neb. — Not only do LEXION combines provide grain handling capacity, but they also protect the quality of the grain during harvesting. “The LEXION 7000 and 8000 series combines represent a significant change in the design of the combine with nearly 75% difference from the 700 series,” said Jeff Gray, field support product manager for CLAAS of America. “We’ve been known for our capacity since we introduced the LEXION in 1997, and now we wanted to focus on the logistics,” said Gray about the combines introduced last year that now feature the green and white colors just like all other CLAAS products. “To improve logistics, we upped the grain handling capacity with a 510-bushel

grain tank, and our unload rate is at 5.1 bushels per second,” Gray said. “We can push a 12-row corn head in 250-plus bushel corn over a half mile.” This type of capacity, Gray said, is what farmers have asked for. “They want to make the initial pass through the field without having to stop and cut their way in to make room for the auger cart and knock corn down,” Gray said. “Our clean grain handling capacity is upwards of 6,000 bushels per hour on the 700 series, and now we’re almost to 8,000 bushels per hour capacity,” he said. “By being able to allow the grain to flow more freely and unrestricted through a larger auger and elevator, that gets the grain out of the cleaning chute faster and you gain capacity through efficiency,” Gray said.

Auction Calendar Tues., May 26

OSCEOLA, IND.: Sealed Bid Auction, 19.84 +/- Acres, bids due 5/26 at 5 p.m., Ag Exchange, Travis Selby, 217-304-1686. See p. A11

Wed., May 27

TERRE HAUTE, IND.: 39.63 Acres, 2 p.m., Clomeyer Farm, LLC, Johnny Swalls Auction Inc., 812495-6119.

Sealed Bid Auction +/- 19.84 Acres Prime Development Site Currently Zoned Residential Property Address: 10950 Harrison Rd., Osceola, IN Parcel State ID: 71-10-21-100-002.000-031 (19.84 Acres) Real Estate Tax: $389.68 Part of the NW of section 21, T37N-R4E Penn TWP. St. Joseph County IN. School District: Penn-Harris-Madison School Corporation Sealed Bid Submission Deadline: 5 pm, May 26th

SM-LA1774789

For bid packet contact Auctioneer Travis Selby IN Lic.# AU10700091 217.304.1686 travis@agexchange.com www.agexchange.com

conditions of the crop he is harvesting.” The LEXION 8600 is a wide chassis combine. “It is ideal for the customer that wants more capacity, but doesn’t need the extra horsepower of the Class 9 or 10 combine,” Gray said.

The LEXION combine has an unload rate of 5.1 bushels per second. “We enlarged the cylinders and concaves to allow the threshing system to run slower, which really protects the quality of the grain,” he said about the series of combines that includes the 7400, 7500, 8600, 8700 and 8800 models. “We were so confident in the potential of the system for quality that we wanted to do a benchmark test,” he said. The Illinois Crop Improvement Association analyzed two varieties of soybeans that were harvested by the LEXION 8600, John Deere S780 and Case IH 8250 combines. The soybeans were evaluated for splits, coating damage and germination. “Splits are usually how we gage how well the combine is set.” Gray said. “It is the physical thing that customers look at.” None of the three combines went over 1.5% splits. “We were at 1.3% splits, right in between the other combines,” Gray said. Preventing coating damage is important to keep moisture from entering the soybeans during storage. “That moisture will affect the storage, as well as damage the soybean’s ability to germinate.” Gray said. “We scored the lowest on coating damage at 4% and our competitors were at 5.1%,” he said. “Our combine was very gentle on the crop.” It takes about a week to determine the germi-

nation rate of soybeans. All three of the combines harvested soybeans with similar germination rates with the soybeans from the LEXION combine at 98.9% germination compared to 98.8% and 98.6% for the competitors. “So many farmers today are planting seed beans as an additional revenue source, so we knew we needed to give them quality with our combine,” Gray said. “The previous LEXION combine did a really good job for quality harvesting, and this one is even better with a lot less effort by the operator,” he said. “This is a user friendly combine.” Combine operators have the ability to make the majority of changes from the cab. “You have the ability to shift from high to low speed on the threshing system,” Gray said. “In prior models, you had to exit the cab to do that, so we made it an electronic function from the cab because customers have been asking for that.” The combine features a tri-cylinder threshing system and a dual rotor separation system that allows the operator to fine-tune the threshing and separation speeds independently. “All too often the threshing speed is too slow for separation and the separation speeds are too fast for threshing,” Gray said. “So, by adjusting those two systems independently, the operator can match the

For more information about LEXION combines, go to www.claas.com. Martha Blum can be reached at 815-223-2558, ext. 117, or marthablum@ agrinews-pubs.com. Follow her on Twitter at: @AgNews_Blum.

INSTALLATION AND REPAIR IS OUR BUSINESS DUMP TRAILERS DUMP TRUCKS BELT TRAILERS UTILITY TRAILERS LIME SPREADERS AUGER WAGONS

706 Smith Dr, Mackinaw, IL 61755

See www.wiegandliners.com for more information.

SM-LA1774563

DELIVERY AVAILABLE

JD410K

Joe Welch Equipment Caledonia, MN

(507)724-3183 www.joewelcheq.com

2020 GMC K3500

Reg. Cab Dually 4x4, SLE Pkg., 6.6 Duramax, Allison 10 Speed Auto, Full Power, Factory Gooseneck, Locking Diff.,

1 of 2 IN THE USA! VERY RARE – SEE IT TODAY!

2020 GMC K3500 Reg. Long Bed 4x4, SLE pkg., 6.6 Duramax, Allison Auto, Full Pwr., Plow Prep, X31 Off Road Pkg., Gooseneck Pkg., Steps, Roof Marker Lamps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . JUST IN!

2020 GMC K2500HD Reg Cab Long Bed 4x4, SL Pkg., 6.6 Gas, Auto, Convenience Pkg., Plow Prep., Locking Diff., Trailering Pkg., Brake Controller, Stk.#G0079 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HARD TO FIND WORK TRUCK!

2020 GMC K3500 Crew Cab Short Bed 4x4, 6.6 Gas, Auto, Full Pwr., Convenience Pkg., Factory Gooseneck, Plow Prep, X31 Off Road Pkg., Dual Batteries, Roof Marker Lamps . . . . . . .JUST IN! NICE PRICED UNIT!

2016 Chevrolet K2500HD Crew Cab Short Bed 4x4, High Country, 6.6 Duramax, Allison, Full Power, Htd. & Cooled Lthr., Sunroof, Navigation, B&W Gooseneck, 1 Owner, Sold New Here, Sharp, 58K Miles . . .$47,900

MARK STRIBLING TRUCKING, INC.

FUEL GAUGE

~ We Buy & Sell New or Used Tanks ~

U.S. On-Highway Diesel Fuel Prices Price per gallon April 20: $2.48 Change from week ago: -0.027 Change from year ago: -0.667

A Load on Us.... is a Load OFF You! We Move Fertilizer & Fuel Tanks Email: stribtrk@casscomm.com 3

Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration

(217)473-5670

2020 Chevrolet K3500 Reg. Cab Long Bed, LT Pkg., 6.6 Duramax, Allison Auto, Full Pwr., Plow Prep., Gooseneck Pkg., Z71, Spray-In Liner, Roof Marker Lamps, 20” Wheels, Shadow Gray Metallic!. . . . . . . . . . . .CALL NOW!

2020 Chevrolet K3500 Crew Cab Dually 4x4, LTZ Pkg., 6.6 Duramax, Allison Auto, Full Power, Locking Diff., Surround Vision, Navigation, Factory Gooseneck, Alum. Wheels,. . . . . . . ONE OF THE FEW – JUST IN!

GOEBEL EQUIPMENT, INC.

2008 Ford F350 Lariat Crew Cab Short Bed 4x4, Power Stroke, Diesel, Htd. Lthr., 4x4 Off Rd. Pkg., DMI Hitch, Local Trade! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $14,995

Quality Late Model Trucks

AUTOMATIC 2018 Chevrolet K1500 Crew Cab Short Bed 4x4, LTZ, Z-71 Pkg., 6.2 V-8, Auto, Full Pwr., Sunroof, Htd. & Cooled Lthr., 20” Chrome Wheels, Old School Stripes, New Truck Full Warranty, Stk#18250 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $49,875

2017 Chevrolet C1500 Reg Cab Long Bed, LT Pkg., 5.3, Auto, Full Pwr., Locking Diff., Trailering Pkg., 1 Owner, Local, 22K Miles, Spray-In Liner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . JUST IN! VERY RARE TRUCK!

2011 Chevrolet K2500HD Crew Cab Short Bed 4x4, LTZ Pkg., 6.0 Liter, Auto, Full Pwr., Camper Mirrors, Roof Marker Lamps, 18” Wheels, 82K Miles, Locking Diff, We Sold New! Sharp! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$24,995

PRE-EMISSION 2020 Chevrolet K3500 Reg. Cab Long Bed 4x4, LT Pkg., 6.6 Duramax, 10 Spd. Allison Auto, 20” Wheels, Full Power, Locking Diff., Roof Marker Lamps . . . . . . . . . . . .RARE UNIT! QUICK SILVER!

2014 Chevrolet K1500 Reg Cab Long Bed 4x4, LT Pkg., 5.3 V-8, Auto, Full Power, Locking Diff., Trailering Pkg., New Tires, 66K Miles, Immaculate! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $21,995

AUTOMATIC

2016 Chevrolet K3500 Crew Cab 4x4, LTZ Pkg., 8ft. Flat Bed, 6.6 Duramax, Allison Auto, Full Power, Locking Diff., Camper Mirrors, Ranch Hand Frt. Bumper, 50 Gal. Transfer Flow Tank, Clean Unit! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $33,995

2006 International 4400 Clean Truck, “PRE-EMISSION” DT 466, Allison Automatic, New KANN 20’ Aluminum Grain Bed, Shurlock Tarp, Corner Ladder, Grain Chute, Rear Controls, Priced to Move, Price Does NOT Include Any Applicable Taxes $59,500

1982 Chevrolet Kodiak 70

3208 CAT Engine, Nice Older Truck, Smooth Running, Price Does NOT Include Any Taxes.

CALL

PRE-EMISSION 2007 International 4400 Sharp, “PRE-EMISSION” DT 466, Allison Automatic Transmission, New 20’ KANN Aluminum Grain Bed, Shurlock Tarp, Rear Controls, Price Does NOT Include Any Taxes $69,500

AUTOMATIC

2020 Chevrolet K3500 Reg. Cab Long Bed 4x4, LT Pkg., 6.6 Liter Gas, Auto, Full Power, Locking Diff., Trailering Pkg., Z71 Pkg., 20” Wheels, Factory Gooseneck, Spray In Liner, Plow Prep, . . JUST IN!

2015 GMC K3500 Crew Cab Long Bed 4x4, SLT Pkg., 6.6 Duramax, Allison Auto, Htd. & Cooled Lthr., Chrome Wheels, New tires, Hard to Find Local Trade. Stk#2067A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$41,995

2012 Chevrolet K2500HD Crew Cab Short Bed, 4x4, LTZ Pkg., 6.0 Liter Gas, Auto, Htd. Lthr., 20” Alum. Wheels, Plow Prep Pkg., 89K Miles, Z71 Pkg., Aux. Battery, Super Sharp! . . . . . . . . $25,995

PRE-EMISSION 2006 Freightliner Columbia 120

2016 Chevrolet K3500 Crew Cab Dually 4x4, High Country, 6.6 Duramax, Allison Auto, Htd. & Cooled Lthr., eck, New Navigator, DVD, Alum. Wheels, B&W Gooseneck, tire, 47K miles, 1 Owner, Local Trade. . . . . . . . . $49,995

SM-LA1774017

Very Sharp, Nice Truck, 14L Detroit, 10 Speed Transmission, Ready to Work

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2014 Freightliner Cascadia

Like New Condition, Detroit DD13, Ultrashift Automated Transmission, Wet Kit, Sharp

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PRE-EMISSION 2007 International 4400

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SM-LA1773857

103 E. NATIONAL RD ~ MONTROSE, IL 62445 ph 217-924-4405 ~ cell 217-240-0559 ~ www.goebelequipment.com ~

A12 Friday, May 1, 2020

| INDIANA AGRINEWS | www.agrinews-pubs.com

(A) 1994 MF 399 94 HP, 1-Owner, 1706 Hrs.

(A) 2018 MF 4707 70 HP, 91 Hrs.

(A) 2017 MF 5712SL 120 HP, Loader, 531 Hrs.

$28,500

$77,500

(A) 2015 MF 6615 150 HP, CVT, 32 MPH, 1585 Hrs.

(A) 2018 MF 7724 235 HP, 32MPH, CVT, 120 Hrs.

(A) 2014 MF 8660 295 HP, 32 MPH, 2177 Hrs.

(A) 2019 MF 8735S 350 HP, 32 MPH, 250 Hrs.

$135,000

$115,000

(A) 2017 MF 8735 350 HP, 32 MPH, 1406 Hrs

(A) NH TS6.120 118 HP, Loader, 457 Hrs.

(A) 2002 Challenger MT 635 177 HP, 540/1000 PTO, 3196 Hrs.

$67,500

$52,500

(A) 1990 Case IH 7140 216 HP, New Paint, 5677 Hrs.

(A) 2015 Versatile 260 260 HP, 395 Hrs.

(A) 2018 Versatile 265 265 HP, ILS, 199 Hrs.

(A) 2013 Versatile 350 350 HP, PTO, PS, 2150 Hrs.

$21,500

(A) 2017 MF 7714 140 HP, Dyna 4, 131 Hrs.

$85,000

(A) 2018 MF 2606H 65 HP, 15 Hrs.

$21,500

$115,000

$145,000

(A) 2013 Gleaner S77 LTM, 1138/772 Hrs.

(A) 2014 Gleaner S68 LTM, 1468/1010 Hrs.

$135,000

$145,000

$165,000

(G) (G) (A) (A) (A) (A) (G) (A) (A) (G) (G (A) (A) (A) (A) (G) (A)

$85,000

$45,000

$115,000

(A) 2014 Gleaner S78 LTM, 1339/871 Hrs.

$155,000

USED TRACTORS

$67,500

2018 Fendt 1046, FWA, 460 HP, 650 Hrs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$329,500 2013 MF 8660, FWA, 295 HP, 1227 Hrs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$109,500 2013 MF 8650, FWA, 270 HP, 1085 Hrs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$109,500 2012 MF 8650, FWA, 270 HP, 1828 Hrs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$ 99,500 2014 MF 7624, FWA, 235 HP, 32 MPH, 1608 Hrs.. . . . . . . . . . . . . .$ 99,500 2014 MF 7622, FWA, 215 HP, 32 MPH, 2015 Hrs.. . . . . . . . . . . . . .$ 95,000 2013 MF 7624, FWA, 235 HP, 32 MPH, 1938 Hrs.. . . . . . . . . . . . . .$ 95,000 2017 MF 7715, FWA, 145 HP, Dyna 6, 769 Hrs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$ 87,500 2004 MF 6490, 2WD, 168 HP, 2058 Hrs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$ 52,500 2012 JD 8360R, FWA, 360 HP, ILS, IVT, 3558 Hrs. . . . . . . . . . . . . .$159,500 2002 JD 7810, FWA, 175 HP, 5255 Hrs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$ 59,500 1998 NH Versatile 9682, 4WD, 360 HP, 4565 Hrs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$ 55,000 1998 NH Versatile 4282, 4WD, 260 HP, 9282 Hrs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$ 42,500 2002 Case IH MX240, FWA, 240 HP, 7942 Hrs.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$ 37,500 1990 NH Versatile 876, 4WD, 280 HP, 5070 Hrs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$ 37,500 1989 NH Versatile 846, 4WD, 230 HP, 5138 Hrs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$ 35,000 1984 Versatile 875, 4WD, 280 HP, 6144 Hrs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$ 18,500

(A) (A) (A) (A) (G) (G) (A) (A) (G) (A) (A) (A) (A) (A) (G) (G) (G)

$205,000

(A) 2003 Case IH MXM130 (G) 2012 JD 9510RT 129 HP, New Paint, 1940 Hrs. 510 HP, Reman Tracks, 2550 Hrs.

$45,000

$189,500

(A) 2018 Versatile 460 460 HP, PS, PTO, 162 Hrs.

(A) 2019 Versatile 610DT 605 HP, PTO, 60 Hrs.

$255,000

$389,500

(G) 2012 MF 9520 LTM, 1341/1014 Hrs.

(A) 2017 MF 9545 LTM, 739/491 Hrs.

(A) 2010 CASE IH 1250 16-30” Planter

(A) 2005 Kinze 3600 32-15”, No Tills, Row Cleaners

$115,000

(A) 2019 Versatile HS250 (A) 2019 VERSATILE HS300 (A) 2019 LEMKIN RUBIN 12 20’ Hi Speed Disk, Demo 25’ Hi Speed Disk, Demo/Rental 30' Hi Speed Disk, Demo/Rental

$75,000

$79,500

$62,500

Lease for $37,800 yr.

$255,000

$45,000

USED COMBINES & PLANTERS

2016 MF 9545, LTM, 807/560 Hrs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$245,000 2014 MF 9560, LTM, 1517/990 Hrs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$159,500 2013 MF 9560, LTM, 1558/1055 Hrs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$145,000 2013 MF 9540, LTM, 1339/936 Hrs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$145,000 2013 MF 9520, LTM, 705/467 Hrs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$135,000 2008 MF 9895, LTM, RWA, 2264/1620 Hrs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$ 95,000 2008 MF 9690, LTM, 1825/1229 Hrs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$ 85,000 2004 MF 9690, LTM, 3321/2188 Hrs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$ 55,000 2016 Gleaner S97, LTM, 925/605 Hrs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$229,500 2010 Gleaner R66, LTM, 1798/1253 Hrs.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$ 99,500 2009 Gleaner A86, LTM, 2419/1500 Hrs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$ 79,500 1998 Gleaner R52, 2184/1528 Hrs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$ 35,000 2009 Case IH 1250 24-30” Planter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$ 64,500 2004 Case IH 1200, 12-30” Planter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$ 25,000 2007 Kinze 3800 SDS 24-30” Planter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$ 45,000 2019 White 9936, Tracks, 36-30” Planter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$375,000 2000 White 6322 12-30” Planter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$ 14,500

(A) Arthur, IL 800-500-KUHN • (217) 543-2154

Sales: Rodger Burton, Brandon Stewart, Paul Kuhns

(G) Gibson City, IL 800-870-KUHN • (217) 784-4731

Sales: Brent Scott, Troy Schuler, Ben Kuhns

www.kuhnsequip.com

SM-LA1774741

“For God so loved the world, that he gave his only begotten son, that whosoever believeth in him should not perish, but have everlasting life.” John 3:16z