A Flexible and integrated shelter approach 9th of November 2011
15-11-2011
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1.
Problem statement
2.
Approach
3.
Initial design
4.
Scope of redesign
5.
Redesign and optimisation → Definition of boundary conditions → Design approach ► Emergency shelter system ► Transitional shelter system → Structural analysis → Prototyping
6.
Conclusions
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1. Problem statementv
Source: United Nation Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs - IRIN
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1. Problem statementv
. Shelter is a Process → from emergency to reconstruction → from aid to development
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2. Approachv
Open Meccano Approach
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2. Approach v
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2. Approach v
Connections
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3. Initial design v
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3. Initial design v
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3. Initial design v
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3. Initial desig v
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3. Initial design v
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3. Initial design v
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3. Initial design v
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3. Initial design v
Tolerances & play Slotted holes Complexity of capacity assembly
Versatility & structural vs. Simplicity & intuitive Pag.
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3. Initial design v Flat connection plates
Number of bolt connections Material
L-shaped connection plates
Thickness
Slotted holes
StiffnessThickness Connection plates Material
Plate type 1
Steel 235
3 mm
Profile type 1
Steel 235
3 mm
Plate type 2
Steel 235
5 mm
Profile type 2
Steel 235
5 mm
Plate type 3
Aluminium
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AlMg 4,5 Mn
5 mm
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4. Scope of the redesign v
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Redesign and optimisation of the open adaptable and versatile shelter system
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Integration of local materials : bamboo → ensure the open character of the system low-tech bamboo ↔ high-tech bamboo
⇑ ⇓ bamboo ↔ aluminium
⇑ ⇓ Aluminium (different sections)
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4. Scope of the redesign v 1.
Definition of the boundary conditions based on the analysis of current transitional shelters 째 Transport volume and mass 째 Loads
2.
Review initial approach and design initial shelter system 째 compatible and complementary distinction between emergency and transitional shelter components 째 redesign connection aluminium shelter system
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5. Redesign and optimisationv
Boundary conditions Transitional shelter
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5. Redesign and optimisation v
Boundary conditions Transitional shelter →P1:from emergency to reconstruction D.R. Congo P2: Kenya °Volcano eruption
P3: Jogyakarta
°Election violence
°Earthquake
°Hot and humid climate
°Hot and humid climate
P4: Pakistan
P5: Sri Lanka (1)
P6: Sri Lanka (2)
°Earthquake
°Confilict
°Tsunami
°Winter weather
°Hot and (tropical)
→°Hotfrom and humidaid climateto development
humid
climate
°Hot and (tropical)
humid
climate
°Temperate climate zone P7: Honduras
P8: Peru (1)
P9: Peru (2)
°Hurricane
°Earthquake
°Earthquake
°Hot and humid climate (tropical)
°Coastal region
°Coastal region
°Warm and dry climate
°Warm and dry climate
P11: Peru (3)
P12: Afghanistan
°Earthquake
°Returns
°Coastal region
°Dry summer & cold winter
°Warm and dry climate
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Source: United Nation Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs - IRIN
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5. Redesign and optimisation v
Boundary conditions Transitional shelter Transport mass
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5. Redesign and optimisation v
Boundary conditions Emergency shelter Transport mass
Transport weight STRUCTURE emergency shelter kit Transport weight STRUCTURE transitional shelter kit Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.22 15-112011
→ →
20 kg 100 kg
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5. Redesign and optimisation v
Boundary conditions Transitional shelter Occurring loads
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5. Redesign and optimisation v
Boundary conditions Transitional shelter Occurring loads
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5. Redesign and optimisation v
Boundary conditions Transitional shelter Occurring loads
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5. Redesign and optimisation v
Design approach
EMERGENCY KIT . Lightweight elements . No connection plates
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TRANSITIONAL KIT . More heavy elements . Connection plates
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5. Redesign and optimisation v
Design approach
EMERGENCY KIT . Lightweight elements . No connection plates
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TRANSITIONAL KIT . More heavy elements . Connection plates
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5. Redesign and optimisation v
Design approach Emergency shelter system
⇒ Total weight = 7,86 kg
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5. Redesign and optimisation v
Design approach Emergency shelter system
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5. Redesign and optimisation v
Design approach Emergency shelter system
⇒ Total weight = 19,38 kg
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5. Redesign and optimisation v
Design approach Transitional shelter system
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5. Redesign and optimisation v
Design approach Transitional shelter system
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5. Redesign and optimisation v
Design approach Transitional shelter system
+
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=
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5. Redesign and optimisation v
Design approach Transitional shelter system
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5. Redesign and optimisation v
Design approach Transitional shelter system
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5. Redesign and optimisation v
Design approach Transitional shelter system
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5. Redesign and optimisation v
Design approach Transitional shelter system
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5. Redesign and optimisation v
Design approach Transitional shelter system
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5. Redesign and optimisation v
Design approach Transitional shelter system
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5. Redesign and optimisation v
Design approach Transitional shelter system
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5. Redesign and optimisation v
Design approach Transitional shelter system
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5. Redesign and optimisation v
Design approach Transitional shelter system
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5. Redesign and optimisation v
Design approach Transitional shelter system
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5. Redesign and optimisation v
Design approach Transitional shelter system
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5. Redesign and optimisation v
Design approach Transitional shelter system
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5. Redesign and optimisation v
Design approach Emergency vs. transitional elements
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5. Redesign and optimisation v
Design approach Emergency vs. transitional elements
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5. Redesign and optimisation v
Structural analysis AIM
→ →
Structural analysis / investigation of the load bearing capacity of the structures defining the loads occurring in connections
FINITE ELEMENT METHOD : ESA PT
Material Characteristics: commonly used aluminium EN AW-6060 Calculation strength f0=160 N/mm² ; Ultimate strength fu=215 N/mm²; E=70000 N/mm²; G=27000 N/mm² ν=0,3
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5. Redesign and optimisation v
Structural analysis LOADS ° Wind velocity: 32m/s or 115km/h → wind load determined by means of Eurocode 1
° ° ° °
snow load: 1000N/m² Nodal force: 500N Self-weight cover: 0,5N/m² Self-weight structure (depending of used section)
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5. Redesign and optimisation v
Structural analysis
Sections:
째 I (h1: 80mm, w1: 80mm, t1: 25 mm; h2: 80mm, w2:40mm, t2: 25 mm) 째 U (h1 : 80mm, w1 : 80mm, t1 : 25 mm; h2 : 40mm, w2:80 mm, t2 : 25 mm) 째 T (h1 : 80mm, w1 : 80mm, t1 : 25 mm)
AIM = investigation of the open character of the shelter system
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5. Redesign and optimisation v
Design approach Transitional shelter system
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5. Redesign and optimisation v
Structural analysis Results ° ° ° ° °
I (h1: 80mm, w1: 80mm, t1: 13 mm) I (h1: 80mm, w1: 40mm, t1: 25 mm) U (h1 : 80mm, w1 : 80mm, t1 : 25 mm) U (h2 : 40mm, w2:80 mm, t2 : 25 mm) T (h1 : 80mm, w1 : 80mm, t1 : 25 mm)
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→ → → → →
OK Global stability OK; Strength NOT OK OK Global stability OK; Strength NOT OK OK
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5. Redesign and optimisation v
Prototyping
Duo pitch without roof overhang + extension
Barrel vault
Duo pitch without roof overhang
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Duo pitch with roof overhang
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5. Redesign and optimisation v
Prototyping Duo-pitched roof
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5. Redesign and optimisation v
Prototyping Duo pitched roof with roof overhang
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5. Redesign and optimisation v
Prototyping
ADAPTATION
DESIGN ISSUE
Duo pitched roof with roof overhang
⇒
⇒
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5. Redesign and optimisation v
Prototyping Duo pitched roof with roof overhang
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5. Redesign and optimisation v
Prototyping Duo pitched roof with roof overhang
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5. Redesign and optimisation v
Prototyping Duo pitched roof with roof overhang
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5. Redesign and optimisation v
Prototyping Duo pitched roof with roof overhang
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5. Redesign and optimisation v
Prototyping Duo pitched roof with roof overhang
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5. Redesign and optimisation v
Prototyping Duo pitched roof with roof overhang
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5. Redesign and optimisation v
Prototyping Duo pitched roof with roof overhang
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5. Redesign and optimisation v
Prototyping Duo pitched roof with roof overhang
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5. Redesign and optimisation v
Prototyping Duo pitched roof with roof overhang
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5. Redesign and optimisation v
Prototyping Duo pitched roof with roof overhang
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5. Redesign and optimisation v
Prototyping Details
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5. Redesign and optimisation v
Prototyping Details
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5. Redesign and optimisation v
Prototyping Details
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5. Redesign and optimisation v
Prototyping Details
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5. Redesign and optimisation v
Prototyping Details
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5. Redesign and optimisation v
Prototyping Details
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5. Redesign and optimisation v
Prototyping Barrel vault
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5. Redesign and optimisation v
Prototyping Barrel vault
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5. Redesign and optimisation v
Prototyping Barrel vault
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5. Redesign and optimisation v
Prototyping Barrel vault
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5. Redesign and optimisation v
Prototyping Barrel vault
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5. Redesign and optimisation v
Prototyping Barrel vault
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5. Redesign and optimisation v
Prototyping Barrel vault
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5. Redesign and optimisation v
Prototyping Barrel vault
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5. Redesign and optimisation v
Prototyping Barrel vault
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5. Redesign and optimisation v
Prototyping Barrel vault
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5. Redesign and optimisation v
Prototyping Barrel vault
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5. Redesign and optimisation v
Prototyping Barrel vault
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6. Conclusions & further research v MECCANO APPROACH → enables to support the process from emergency to transit → enables to adapt to unforeseen circumstances EMERGENCY SHELTER KIT Walled ridge tent of 12 m² = 19,44 kg Ridge tent of 20m² = 15,08 kg TRANSITIONALS SHELTER KIT 1 module shelter = +/- 122 kg > 100kg EASE OF ASSEMBLY duo-pitched roof = easy to assemble even for layman constructors Assembly of the barrel vault = more complex due to sliding bars + different ways of connecting the plates depending on position connection
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6. Conclusions & further research v PROMOTE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT ecologic . reduce waste and pollution . reduce the depletion of natural
REUSE
resources social economical
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. enable upgrading
ADAPTABILITY
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6. Conclusions & further research v FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS CONNECTION PLATES OPTIMISE WEIGHT TESTING WITH LOCAL COMMUNITIES → investigate ease of assembly → investigate sustainability INTEGRATION OF WOOD ELEMENTS IN THE SYSTEM
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