SHEN WANG
PGDIP DVC 15/16
PROJECT CENTRED EXPLORATION AND ANALYSIS
RAINBOW YOUR DIET
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DESIGN AREA
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RESEARCH QUESTION
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RESEARCH METHODS
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AUDIENCE & OUTCOME
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TIMETABLE
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
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CONTENTS
design area
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WHAT DIRECTION I WANT TO EXPLORE
DESIGN AREA
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design area
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WEB DESIGN WHY IS WEB DESIGN SO IMPORTANT?
As Internet has already gained its popularity all over the world, it is quite convenient to access information through this kind of media. It is widely considered that using websites is easy, fast and simple in modern society. In other words, this method is more preferable in the digital era rather than printed material. Besides, it is a more efficient way to search, update and exchange information online, because website is more flexible and has more possible forms of communication and interaction. A well-designed website not only enables users to access a large amount of information with a smooth process, but also provides enjoyable visual experience.
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design area
06 NUTRITION
AMOUNT
Calories
360
Fat
20G
Protein
11G
Carbohydrates
48G
16%
Dietar y fiber
9G
36%
Saturated fat
3G
15%
Sodium
140MG
6%
*** This is a sample chart of what categories of data will be included in a healthy eating habit website when introduce a dish.
DAILY VALUE
17%
IS THE INFORMATION DISPLAED CLEARLY?
HEALTHY LIFESTYLE WEBSITES
Health problems have gained more and more attention. Therefore, a large quantity of websites and applications that help people organize their own healthy diet plans. It is quite often to be seen that these websites are based on the counting of calories and tracking daily meals. As a result, numbers and letters will occupy a great proportion of the main interface. As for people who are not so familiar with healthy eating or just preparing to begin a healthy diet, this kind of interface is not so user-friendly to them, which will become a barrier that reduce their interest and finally make them give up their original plan.
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design area
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07 RECIPES & MENUS Recipe collections Diet recipes Easy recipes Vegetarian recipes Breakfast recipes Meals & meal plans ……
HEALTHY COOKING Healthy cooking 101 Healthy food guidance Holiday & entertaining Kitchen product review s Quick & healthy cooking ……
IS THE WEBSITE EASY TO NAVIGATE?
DIET & HEALTH Make healthy happen Weight–loss & diet plans Digestive health Mind, body & spirit ……
FOOD NEWS Green & sustainable Organic & natural Food & travel …… Moreover, these websites usually contain so many functions that sometimes it is confusing for the user to get information they need. If the audience is narrowed down to a specific group, some of the functions are no longer necessary. My idea of building up a website for healthy eating will mainly consider how to communicate with users in a stronger visual method, but also based on specific data.
…… *** The structure of a healthy eating website ( www.eatingwell.com )
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nice quote
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FOOD IS NOT ONLY GOOD TO EAT, BUT ALSO GOOD TO THINK WITH.
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nice quote
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Claude Levi-Strauss – Symbolism of food: Mythologiques –
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research question
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WHAT PROBLEM I WANT TO SOLVE
RE– SEARCH
QUESTION
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research question
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HOW CAN WEB DESIGN HELP UNIVERSITY STUDENTS STUDYING IN LONDON TO MAINTAIN MORE BALANCED DIETS?
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research question
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NIK 21, MAL AYSIAN I think it will be very hard to resist because now I control my own food, I do my own shopping and when I shop I see the chocolate, and then I buy and then it’s sitting there, calling me: eat me, eat me.
MIGUEL 35, SPANISH To be honest, it’s horrible, it’s really unhealthy for me, it’s all fried, not fresh food…no salad. In Spain, it’s salad every day and lots of fruit… I’m getting worried about my health – because there is too much fat – my level of cholesterol must be very high.
ANNA 31, ITALIAN I know that it’s healthy at home and it tastes good. I don’t know, I feel better eating my food. Basically though I can survive without it. I’m here and at least I know I’m not going to be here forever.
*** Interviews are all derived from A Taste of The Unfamiliar: Understanding The Meanings Attached to Food by International Postgraduate Students in England, by John Edwards and Heather Hartwel
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research question
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DOES THE PROBLEM REALLY EXIST?
A large proportion of university students are facing a problem of imbalanced diet, especially those who comes from other countries. According to recent research, students who start to study in college and live away from home have a huge increase in the consumption of fast food, sweet items and alcohol but less fresh fruits and vegetables (Papadaki et al., 2007), and their eating patterns are more irregular (Krishna Bista, 2016). Their choice of food is highly related to their original eating habits, time constrains, cultural background, food availability and food accessibility. Thus, a complete change of living environment would bring dietary disorder to international students, especially for those whose original countries have totally different diet structures from their living countries. With limited budget and time, they are more likely to consume fast food because it’s cheap and easy to be accessed. In this case, how to eat healthy, fast and cheap is a real problem to them that need to be solved.
EATING DISORDER PROBLEM
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research question
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HAVE FRESH VEGETABLES LESS THAN ONCE A WEEK For university students who leave their hometown to go to a different place to study, their main diet disorder problem comes from three parts: one is unfamiliar with the local ingredient and cooking style; another one is the lack of social life; the final part is lack of healthy eating knowledge. It is usually believed among international students that the English diet typically contains too much fat and sugar that had to be avoided if they want to maintain good health. Thus, learning how to cook was the only route to guarantee both emotional and physical sustenance (Brown, 2009). But with limited time and tight budget, preparing meals everyday is treated as a burden for some of the students.
*** Data is sourced from the survey Student Eating Habits, by BigChoice
23% EAT CHOCOLATE EVERYDAY
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research question
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54% EAT FRUITS ON A DAILY BASIS
I will focus on three parts: how to provide information of healthy diet effectively on the website, how to guide international students through their interaction with the website, and how the website enhance their awareness of healthy diets by connects people together and build up a community.
HAVE CRISPS MORE THAN ONCE A WEEK
52%
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nice quote
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TELL ME WHAT YOU EAT AND I WILL TELL YOU WHAT YOU ARE.
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nice quote
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Anthelme Brillat-Savarin – The Physiology of Taste –
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research methods
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RE– SEARCH WHAT APPROACHES WILL I APPLY
METHODS
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contextualization: understanding the field
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HEALTHY EATING THEORY
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The thrid level are two groups of foods that comes mostly from animals, which are important for protein, calcium, iron and zinc.
3
The thrid level are two groups of foods that comes mostly from animals, which are important for protein, calcium, iron and zinc.
FAT
DAIRY
PROTEIN 2
VEGETABLES
FRUITS 1 GRAINS
*** Information is from the booklet pulished by the United States Department of Agriculture, Center for Nutrition Poplicy and Promotion
The second level includes food that comes from plants, providing vitamins, minerals and fiber.
The first level contains breads, cereals, rice, pasta and other food that made from grains. This part occupies the most of the daily diet.
FOOD GUIDE PYRAMID The Food Pyramid is an outline of the basic combination of food that people should eat everyday. It calls for eating a variety of foods with comprehensive nutrients and the right amount of calories. There are 5 major food categories displayed in the three lower sections of the Food Pyramid, and on the top of the pyramid are fat, oil and sweets, which are not the necessary elements of daily diet.
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contextualization: understanding the field
CONTENTS
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RED
YELLOW
GREEN
BLUE& PURPLE
WHITE
Contain phytochemicals, such as lycopene and anthocyanins, which help reduce the risk of several types of cancer and control high blood pressure. Contain the phytochemical beta carotene and bioflavonoids, help you prevent heart disease, keep good eyesight and fight cold.
Luttein helps maintain good vision and reduce the risk of cataracts and macular degeneration. Indoles help protect against breast and prostate cancer.
Contain disease-fighting phytochemicals, including anthocyanins and phenolics, which not only helps fight disease and promote good health, but also slow down the aging process and reserve memory.
Sllichin may help lower cholesterol and blood pressure and increase the body's ability to fight infections, reduce the risk of heart attacks and stop the spread of stomach and colon cancer.
EAT THE ‘RAINBOW’ ‘Eat the rainbow’ is a simple way of keeping diets with various kinds of fruits and vegetables that provide enough vitamins and minerals that meet people's daily need. Though this theory is only a guidance that can't totally guarantee a healthy body situation, and people should also consider their own health problem, it is a good beginning of stick to a balanced diet.
*** The information is from the Government of South Australia Health Department website http://www.sahealth.sa.gov.au/
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design-based contextualisation
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*** Designed by Russell van Kraayenburg (chasingdelicious.com)
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experiment
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Suggar & Salt
~2%
Dairy
THE BALANCED FOOD PATTERN Based on the suggestion of a family medicine doctor Michelle Boose, I designed the chart on the right that shows a recommanded combination of the food categories: For main meals, vegetables and fruits should fill half of your diet, which is two times of grains and proteins. More than that, a small amount dairy product should be included as well. Added sugar and salt are less necessary nutritions, so they could be move away.
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Experiment
+10%
Proteins
25%
Veg & Fruits
50%
Grains
25%
YOUR DIET SKYSCRAPER
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primary research
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PRIMARY INVESTIGATION For Primary research, I used two methods to collect information from college students: online survey and printed questionaires. There are 41 participants and most of them (75%) are from UAL, others are from UCL, KCL, AA. This investigation mainly focus on figuring out college students' eating habits, shopping preference and opinions towards healthy diets.
EATING HABITS
Q:
Do you eat all three main meals on time?
skip some meals sometimes • II may every meal on time • I eat eat when I'm hungry • I only • always skip breakfast/lunch/dinner
Q:
Do you know how much food and nutrient you need for a day?
estimate • II'mcannotgenerally sure • I know itquite • I don't careclearly •
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primary research
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SHOPPING PREFERENCE
Q:
Which of the following factors do you consider most when you decide where to buy food?
location of the store • The The of the food • The price quality the food • The variety ofof the categories •
POTENTIAL SOCIAL COMMUNITY
Q:
How do you think about sharing/exchanging dishes with other students in your university/accommodation?
like to try if I have a chance • I'd Not sure about it • It's not a good idea •
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primary research
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4 MAKING EATING PLANS
According to the investigation, most of the students (72.97%) agree that making weekly eating plan could encourage them to keep healthy diets. Besides, 81.25% are interested in the method of ‘eat the rainbow’. However, there are some opinions against this idea as well. Some of them indicate that only by managing about colour but not nutrition will not achieve balanced diets. Moreover, someone worried that eating so many colours of fresh foods will require a large amount of money and time. To avoid these consideration, the weekly plan should be well organized not only by putting different colours together.
Q:
Do you think making eating plans based on ‘eating the rainbow’ is efficient? Possitive response
I usually choose raw vegetables. They are really colourful, so from this I know my meal is healthy. To make plans, just pick ingredients that are fresh.
Sounds reasonable, but not so practical. It is hard to find all these food every day or every week.
I think this will put off people because they would think they should have a lot of money or time to achieve. Eating healthy doesn't have to be salads. Rice, beans, vegetable, fruits, nuts… It's easy.
Negative response
It can be, as long as the food suggestion are tasty (not only healthy) and most efficient.
Yes. But for me I only make sure to have [ vegetables + meat + carbs ].
I think food and meals should be balanced by nutrition, not by colour, colour is just a guide to vitamins.
Sounds interesting and efficient for me. I want to know more about it.
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site visit
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ORGANIC INGREDIENCE ACCESSIBILITY i
FRESH VEGE & FRUITS IN SUPERMARKET
Photography
According to online websites of the main supermarkets including Sainsbury's, Tesco and Waitrose, there are more than 20 main categories of vegetables and also fruits sold in store. And the local branches can be accessed conveniently in most of the local area.
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online searching
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*** sourced from online supermarket websites, including Waitrose, Sainsbury's and Tesco.
The pictures above show the types of vegetables and fruits that can be found in most of the local supermarket. So it is easy to have a combination of variety of colours of foods in daily diet.
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site visit
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FARMERS' MARKET i
Photography
The farmers' markets in London is another method to access fresh local foods. The price is much cheaper and the there are more choices of different types. But there are some disadvantages, one is that the farmers' markets are usually open one day a week and only for about 5 hours; the other is that they only locate on certain area. But for weekends, it is a good choice to purchase some organic ingredience from these markets.
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experiment
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29 London Farmers' Markets is an organization that provide high quality local and seasonal foods to urban communities. Foods from these markets are not only fresh and tasty, but also miantain a pretty acceptable price. The map and information on the left show the location and opening time of the markets, but it seems that these two parts are not well-connected. After re-organizing, the information could be displayed in a clearer way. It doesn't force users to click each icon to get the selling collection and openning time.
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RE-DESIGN THE FARMERS MARKETS MAP
Experiment & Analyze
TUE
Good to have similar shape on the ordinary online map
WED
Should refine the colour Good to use different colours to categorize
THU
SAT
SUN
• Hard to be distinguished • Don't show up in the map
Food Collection: All included
Part included
Pictorial information is not so clear
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experiment
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Giving a full map of the markets and supermarkets in the neighbor
Provide a time range for walking
MAP FOR FINDING NEAREST STORE This is a sample I designed for investigating how to help users to find place to buy fresh food. I will also consider the following factors in the future development: how to get there by public transport, showing the categories collection and giving recommandation for different needs.
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Experiment
CONTENTS
experiment
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The circles can be moved by mouse, and then estimates how much time do they get the nearby markets/shops.
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case study
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CASE STUDY INFORMATION PROVIDING
[ Wholesome ] Wholesome is an app that based on the colourful eating method, which is really similar with my final goal. So it can be a great study source of my project.
• • • •
Clear categorization
• •
Too much colour
Detailed nutrition guide Multiple sorting methods Healthfulness score
Lack of graphic display
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case study
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The structure of the website is quite clear. It is quite easy to make eating plan by both ingredients and meals The typefaces are badly choosen, and the colour is not wisely used.
It has less choices when choosing dishes for each meal, which could save a lot of time for college students The interfaces use too many illustrative elements
This part acts like a rewarding system, which may promote people to achieve more goals
[ Great Grab Club ] Great Grab Club is a website providing fundamental knowledge about healthy vegetables and fruits, mainly for children in primary school.
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experiment
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Choose your favourate ingredients from the colour library, each square represents one serving
Veg & Fruits colour pattern
Meat colour pattern
Grain colour pattern
Dairy colour pattern
Sauce colour pattern
DAILY EATING PLAN MODULE i
Experiment
experiment
CONTENTS
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Arrange the ingredients into dishes, then organize 3 meals and some snacks
Breakfast
Lunch
Dinner
Snacks
After finishing a day, an eating pattern combined with the colours that have been eaten today will recorded as a diary
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
1
2
G V F P D X
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case study
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Sample menu can help students who have diffficulties choosing their meals among various types: a similar example is the menu in fast food chain stores: calssical meal and temporary products.
COOKING RECIPES DISPLAY [ Eating Well ] Eating Well is a welldeveloped website for people who want to keep healthy diets
All the recipes are sorted by cook time, cuisine, mein ingredient and type of dish, which is a flexible navigation for users who have different need.
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case study
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The information of cooking is not visually displayed, which mayput off people to study cooking a new dish The ingredients should be attached with pictures showing the exact quantity Because it aims for a wild range of users, some of the functions are not necessary for college students.
*** Spaghetti Makers Jlenia Coco Good example of graphic cook flow map
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design-based research
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VISUALIZATION BE BOTH ARTISTIC & SCIENTIFIC *** Periodic table of proserves by Pere Castells and the Museum of Jam
This table have the same structure with the original chemical elements period table, which creates a feeling of scientific sense to the chart. For my project, based on reliable information and showing a deep scientific consideration is really significant, which will be indicated through the way that information is displayed.
CONTENTS
design-based research
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*** Pantone Food Pairing David Airey
*** Pantone Smoothies Hedwig A. Kushner & Michael Kushner
Also, because the website will look into the range of colour in food, have a chart that turns each food into a certain, unique colour is the essential part of the whole design. So the pantone colour chart connected with food can be of great value of inspiration.
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experiment
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DISPLAYING INFORMATION OF THE INGREDIENTS i
Experiment
Picture showing the exact amount
*** According to the Food Guide Pyramid, human body needs the following foods everyday: • 6–11 servings of grain • 3–5 servings of vegetable • 2–4 servings of fruits
Name
• 2–3 servings of dairy • 5–7 servings of meat
(*based on one serving) Quantity
Price
Counting food servings is a good approach to estimate how much to eat everyday, but for each group, the serving unit is counted in different ways, which may cause confuse sometimes. by displaying ingredients in a serving's amount, it will provide a more supportive guide to choose them.
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audience & outcome
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AU– DIENCE & OUTCOME WHO I WANT TO DESIGN FOR
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audience & outcome
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Basically, My project will focus on designing a website that encourage university students from different countries keep healthier diets under the guidance of ‘eat the rainbow’ theory, which represents a multiple combination of different colours’ vegetables, fruits, proteins, grains and dairy product. The website will provide direct support on making diet plans, enable them have a better access of local vegetables and fruits, provide comprehensive information about the available local organic ingredients and give basic introduction and methods about healthy cooking style, and also encourage them to choose from different categories' dishes. Moreover, it will also provide a platform that students can share their ideas about healthy diet, which would probably provide extra motivation for them to keep on balanced eating style. According to the time period and the resources, I will design the whole interfaces, but probably not construct the all functions completely. For the interactive part that needs more professional progress help, I may only do a prototype showing how it works.
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timetable
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TIME– TABLE SHOULD KEEP UP WITH CHANGES
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timetable
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STAGE 1
TERM BEGINS
END Unit 4 Finishing
Easter Holiday
APR 20
MAR 17
MAY 4
APR
MAY
University students's eating habits Health diets theory Web design principles Basic knowledge of HTML & CSS Site investigation: supermarkets & Farmers' Markets Interview / online survey Visual resource collecting Visual resource analyzing Visual experiment Techniques study Proposal print & finishing
STAGE 2
FINAL Unit 5 Realisation
MAY 4
JUN
JUN 8
Constructing basic structure Nutrition information displaying Cooking recipes reorganizing Re-designing markets' map Designing weekly eating plan chart User tesing & refining First version Second version Final version Summarizing & finishing
Tutorial Text-based Research Primary Research Visual Experiment Realisation
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bibliography
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TEXT & ONLINE RESOURCES
BIBLIO– GRAPHY
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bibliography
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ESSAYS You J S, Chin J H, Kim M J, et al. College students' dietary behavior, health-related lifestyles and nutrient intake status by physical activity levels using international physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ) in Incheon area[J]. Korean Journal of Nutrition, 2008, 41(8): 818-831. Edwards J S A, Hartwell H L, Brown L. Changes in food neophobia and dietary habits of international students[J]. Journal of human nutrition and dietetics, 2010, 23(3): 301-311. Wardle J, Steptoe A, Bellisle F, et al. Health dietary practices among European students[J]. Health Psychology, 1997, 16(5): 443. Liebman M, Cameron B A, Carson D K, et al. Dietary fat reduction behaviors in college students: relationship to dieting status, gender and key psychosocial variables[J]. Appetite, 2001, 36(1): 51-56. Counihan, C. and Van Esterik, P. (1997). Food and culture. New York: Routledge. Epstein, R. (1990). Eating habits and disorders. New York: Chelsea House. Greathouse, L. (2012). Eat healthy. Huntington Beach, CA: Teacher Created Materials.
BOOKS Concepcion, A. (2001). Professional website design from start to finish. Cincinnati, OH: How Design Books. Duckett, J. (2011). HTML & CSS. Indianapolis, IN: Wiley. Eccher, C. (2008). Professional web design. Boston, MA: Course Technology.
WEBSITES Eatingwell.com. (2016). Healthy Recipes, Healthy Eating - EatingWell. [online] Available at: http://www.eatingwell.com [Accessed 18 Mar. 2016]. Lfm.org.uk. (2016). London Farmers' Markets | home. [online] Available at: http:// www.lfm.org.uk [Accessed 18 Mar. 2016]. Nutrition.org.uk. (2016). Home - British Nutrition Foundation. [online] Available at: https://www.nutrition.org.uk [Accessed 18 Mar. 2016].
UNIT
04