Gandhi Marg(Nov-Dec 2012) by shilpa chandrakar

Xkak/khth 0 Jhjke esgjks=k 0 Hkokuhizlkn feJ lbZnk 0 [kq'khZn vkye 0 lat; ,- iS y{e.k flag [kaxkjksr

dqqN ,slh rku lqukus okyk dfo uoacj&fnlacj 2012

uoacj&fnlacj 2012

vfgalk&laLÑfr dk }Sekfld o"kZ 54] vad 6] uoacj&fnlacj 2012

xkaèkh 'kka fr izfr"Bku

xkaèkh&ekxZ

1- lsokxzke dk xq.kk djsa

xka/khth

Jhjke esgjks=kk

lksiku tks'kh

4- ,d vPNh pht dk cstk bLrseky

lat; ,- iS

5- ykiksfM+;k xkao% [kcjksa esa ugha cgk

y{e.kflag [kaxkjksr

Hkokuhizlkn feJ

lbZnk [kq'khZn vkye

2- áwe% gesa I;kj djrs jgs 3- iqrys ge ekVh ds

y% 6- iqjkuk pko pkoy dqN ,slh rku lqukus okyk dfo 7- iksFkh if<+ if< if<++ % lkjk Hkkjr esjk ?kj gS 8- fVIif.k;ka 9- i=k

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okf"kZd 'kqYd % Hkkjr esa 100 #i,] nks o"kZ dk 190 #i,] vkthou&500 #i, ¼O;fDrxr½] 1000 #i, ¼laLFkkxr½ ,d izfr dk ewY; chl #i,] Mkd [kpZ fu%'kqYdA nks ekg rd u feyus ij f'kdk;r fy[ksAa 'kqYd cSd a Mªk¶V] euhvkMZj }kjk ^xkaèkh 'kkafr izfr"Bku* ds uke HkstAas

laiknu % vuqie feJ]

lTtk % fnyhi fpapkydj] izcaèk % eukst dqekj >k

xkaèkh 'kkafr izfr"Bku] 223 nhun;ky mikè;k; ekxZ] ubZ fnYyh&2 ds fy, vuqie feJ }kjk izdkf'kr Qksu % 011&2323 7491] 2323 7493] QSDl % 011&2323 6734 Email: gmhindi@gmail.com

eqnd z % v'kksd fizfa Vax izls ] 2810 xyh ekrk okyh] pkanuh pkSd] fnYyh&06] Qksu ua-011&23264968

uoacj&fnlacj 2012

lsokxzke dk xq.kk djsa xka/khth

;gk ;gkaa tks fo|kFkhZ fo|kH;kl ds fy, vk, gS]a muls eSa cgqr vk'kk

j[krk gwAa eSa gh ugha] fdarq turk tks bl dke esa jl ysrh gS og Hkh dkQh vk'kk j[krh gSA fganLq rku esa cgqr&ls ,sls i<+&s fy[ks yksx gSa tks gekjs dk;ZØe dh Vhdk&fVIi.kh djrs gSa vkSj fuUnk Hkh djrs gSAa dqN fl)kar dh n`f"V ls Hkh bldk fojks/k djrs gSAa ,sls yksxksa ds ckjs esa eSa vHkh dqN ugha dguk pkgrk] ;|fi eSa mldk Hkh tokc ns ldrk gwAa ysfdu tks yksx bl dke esa fnypLih ysrs gSa vkSj pkgrs gSa fd ge blesa dqN fgLlk ys]a mudh ckr gesa lquuh pkfg,A ,sls yksxksa ds fny esa [kknh] xzkeks|ksx] xkslos k] gfjtu lsok ds lacèa k esa dkQh vk'kk Hkjh gSA mudh vk'kk lQy djus ds fy, gesa Hkjld iz;Ru djuk pkfg,A isV Hkjus dk lk/ku ikus ds fy, vki vxj ;gka vk, gksxa s rks mlls ;g vk'kk lQy ugha gksxhA ljdkjh fo|ky;ksa esa dkQh yksx tkrs gSAa ogka fMxzh gkfly djrs gSAa os lksprs gSa fd bl f'k{kk ls ge /ku izkIr djsxa ]s dhfrZ gkfly djsxa ]s de ls de ljdkjh n¶rj esa DydZ cusxa s ;k pijklh rks gks gh ldrs gSAa pijklh FkksM+s gh dk;e ds fy, jgsxa \s vkxs rjDdh gksxh gh vkSj dqN iSls rks ;wa gh feysxa As eryc ;g fd os le>rs gSa fd ljdkjh ukSdjh fey xbZ rks thou lyker gks tkrk gSA ;g ,d ,slh fcuk gS ftl ij xkSj djuk pkfg,A ljdkj us vius fo|ky;ksa esa cgqr lgwfy;rsa nh gSAa cM+&s cM+s edku fn, gS]a cM+h&cM+h Nk=ko`fÙk;ka nh gS]a izokl dh lgwfy;r nh gSA blds eqdkcys esa ge dSls [kM+s jg ldsxa \s bl iz'u dks gy djus ds fy, dbZ jkLrs eSa igys crk pqdk gwAa vki ;gka lgwfy;rksa ;k osru ds eksg ls ugha vk, gSAa vxj vkidks vius /;s; esa lQyrk ikuh gS rks vki ;kn j[ksa fd vki ;gka flQZ dkjhxjh lh[kus ugha vk, gSAa dkjhxjh rks lh[kuk gS gh] ysfdu mrus ls larks"k u eku ysAa nsgkr esa dkjhxj rks iM+s gSAa os ih<+h&nj&ih<+h ;gh dke djrs vk, gSAa mudk eqdkcyk

xkaèkh&ekxZ

vki dSls dj ldrs gS\a fØ;k rks vki lh[ksa ijarq mlds lkFk&lkFk 'kkL=kh; Kku gksuk pkfg,A ckj&ckj ;g iz'u mBuk pkfg, fd ge ;g D;ksa dj jgs gS]a fdl rjg djs]a bldk lacèa k LojkT; ls dSls tksM+k tk,A LojkT; vfgalk ls ikuk gSA fganLq rku ds nsgkr esa djksM+kas iM+s gS]a mUgsa Mckjuk gS] mudh lsok djuh gS] mUgsa bldh dher crkuh gSA vxj vki ,slk le>rs gSa fd fey okys yksxksa dks isV&Hkj ns ldrs gSa vkSj mlls vkidks larks"k gksrk gS rks vkidks ;gka ugha i<+uk pkfg,A ysfdu fey okys rks eqVB~ h&Hkj dks gh ns ldrs gSAa djksM+kas dk [;ky fey okyk djrk gh ughaA eq>s dksbZ fey okyk vHkh rd ugha feyk gS] ftlus dgk gks fd fey ds tfj, ge djksM+kas dks dke ns ldrs gSAa vki fdruk egkHkkjr dke djus vk, gSa! vkidks djksM+ksa dh lsok djuh gSA vki yksx 61 gSa] ;g egÙo dk iz'u ugha gSA ;fn vki 'kkL=kK gksdj x, rks dke gks x;kA vkidks 61 djksM+ksa ds laj{kd ;k VªLVh cuuk gSA ;g flyflyk py iM+k rks vkidh la[;k c<+rh gh tk,xhA ;g fo|ky; xaxks=kh&tSlk gS ckn esa xaxk ds leku mldk izokg foLr`r gksrk pyk tk,xkA ;g esjk LoIu gSA iphl o"kks± ls eSa bls ns[k jgk gwaA tks vk'kk j[krk gwa og ugha Qyh] ijarq fQj Hkh eSa fujk'k ugha gwa] D;ksafd eSa dHkh fujk'k gksrk gh ughaA cM+k dke tYnh ugha pyrkA vfgalk /khjs&/khjs pyrh gS ysfdu vpwd pyrh gSA mldk jkLrk lh/kk gSA foeku&osx ls pyus okyksa dks Hkh og ihNs Mky nsxhA esjk ;g n`<+ fo'okl gSA tks Kku vki ;gka ls izkIr djds tk,axs] mls nsgkfr;ksa dks nsuk gSA muesa mlds fy, jl iSnk djuk gSA ysfdu ;g dke vklku ughaA eSa lsokxzke esa o"kks± ls iM+k gwaA ;gka pj[kk la?k] xzkeks|ksx la?k] xkslsok la?k vkfn ds n¶rj gSaA ;gka vPNs dk;ZdrkZ iM+s gSaA lgwfy;rsa Hkh tks vkSj txg ugha gSa] os ;gka gSaA fQj Hkh eSa tks djuk pkgrk Fkk og ugha dj ldkA blls vkidks fujk'k ugha gksuk pkfg,A ysfdu vkids eu esa ;g iz'u mBuk pkfg, fd ge ;g D;ksa ugha dj ldsA f'k{kdksa ds ikl bldk mÙkj gksuk pkfg,A ;gka tks yksx cSBs gSa os nxk&Qjsc ds fy, ughaA dHkh&u&dHkh bldh dqath gkFk esa vk,xh] bl n`<+ fo'okl ls os ;gka cSBs gSaA lsokxzke dk xq.kk djuk gSA ,d xkao dk fopkj ugha djuk gSA fganqLrku dk] eSa rks lkjs lalkj dk fopkj Hkh dj ysrk gwaA vxj ,d flQZ lsokxzke dks gh ns[kuk gksrk ;k vfgalk vkSj lR; dk [;ky NksM+dj gesa djuk gksrk rks bls ge dj fn[kkrs] ysfdu blls lalkj dh ihM+k ugha VyrhA lalkj esa fganqLrku ,d fcanq gSA lsokxzke ml fcanq dk Hkh fcanq gSA

uoacj&fnlacj 2012

lsokxzke esa tks gks ldrk gS og lkjs lalkj esa Hkh gks ldrk gSA blds fy, 100 o"kZ Hkh eSa O;rhr dj ldrk gwaA tks esjs ikl gS og ;fn vki larks"k ls lh[kuk pkgsa rks eSa fl[kk nwaxk] ysfdu og iSls dekus dk ughaA ,sls rks eSa gtkj&nks gtkj #i, dek ldrk gwaA vktdy rks egkRek Hkh gwaA blls eq>s nks gtkj dksbZ Hkh ns nsxkA ysfdu eSa ;g ugha pkgrkA vkSj eSa lsokxzke esa o"kks± ls blls gh eSa djksM+ks a bdV~Bk dj ldrk gwa iM+k gwaA ;gka pj[kk la?k] ysfdu ?kj esa j[kus ds fy, ughaA esjs fy, xzkeks|ksx la?k] xkslsok la?k eq>s jksVh ls vfèkd dqN ugha pkfg,A blh vkfn ds n¶rj gSaA ;gka rjg vkidks Hkh lw[kh jksVh ls larks"k gksuk vPNs dk;ZdrkZ iM+s gSaA pkfg,A ;gka dk dke vklku ugha gSA lgwfy;rsa Hkh tks vkSj txg vxj vkidks blesa larks"k u gks rks ;gka ls ugha gSa] os ;gka gSaA fQj vkidks tkuk pkfg,A nwljh rjQ vkidks Hkh eSa tks djuk pkgrk dkQh iSlk fey ldrk gSA ysfdu ;gka Fkk og ugha dj ldkA jguk gS rks larks"k ls jguk pkfg,A ;fn blls vkidks fujk'k vki ;g Hkkouk j[ksaxs fd eSa djksM+ksa ds ugha gksuk pkfg,A lkFk ,d gksrk gwa rks rstLoh cusaxsA vki yksx ;gka fHkUu&fHkUu izkra ksa ls vk, gSAa ,d Hkkstuky; esa Hkkstu djrs gSaµ ,d lkFk jgrs gSAa vkidk fny lkQ gks tkuk pkfg,A ge lc ,d gSAa eSa rks vc dgus yxk gwa fd ge lc gfjtu gSaµ gfjtu D;k] Hkaxh gSAa ,slk vkidk eu gks tk,xk rHkh dke pysxkA vkidks izfr{k.k tkxzr jgdj dke djuk gksxkA vkidh ijh{kk gksxh] izek.k i=k Hkh feysxkA ysfdu mlls vkidh dher ugha gksxhA izek.ki=k nwljksa dks fn[kykus ds ugha gSA mlls vkidks flQZ ;g ekywe gksxk fd vki dgka rd vk x, gSAa mlls vkxs c<+uk gSA vki tks dke djsxa s mlls vkidh ;ksX;rk dk irk yxsxk] izek.ki=k fn[kkus ls ughaA vkSj txg izek.ki=kksa dh dnj gS] ij gesa ewY; cnyuk gS] thou dh n`f"V cnyuh gS] oLrqvksa dks ns[kus dk rjhdk cnyuk gSA lsokxzke esa 22 uoacj] lu~ 1945 dks lexz xzke lsok fo|ky; esa fn;k x;k Hkk"k.kA

xkaèkh&ekxZ

áwe % gesa I;kj djrs jgs Jhjke esgjks=kk

eS a ,d fdLlk lqukus tk jgk gwa vkidksA blh f'keyk 'kgj esa cgqr

lky igysµ vkt ls djhc 125 lky igysµ jgus okys ,d egku vkSj foy{k.k O;fDr dkA ;g vkneh gekjh dkSe dk u FkkA gekjh rjg nkl u FkkA og rks vaxzst Fkk] 'kkld oxZ dk FkkA ysfdu fQj Hkh mlus gesa nklrk dh csfM+;ksa ls eqDr djkus ds fy, lu~ 1885 esa Hkkjrh; jk"Vªh; dkaxzsl dh LFkkiuk dh FkhA bfrgkl esa igyh ckj ,d 'kkld oxZ ds O;fDr us bafM;u flfoy lfoZl ls lsokfuo`Ùk gks] vius dq'ky usr`Ro ls jkLrk fn[kk;k fQj ls Lora=k gksus dkA mudk uke Fkk ,sysu vkWDVsfo;u áweA os f'keyk ds tk[kw esa jgrs Fks] jkSFkus dkWly esa] ftls vc 'kh'ksokyh dksBh Hkh dgrs gSaA áwe dk fu/ku 31 tqykbZ 1912 dks yanu esa gqvk FkkA ;g lky mudh e`R;q dh 'krkCnh dk gSA tUe 1829 esaA ekrk&firk nksuksa LdkWfV'kA ftls ge ;wukbVsM fdaXMe dgrs gSa] mlesa eq[; pkj dkSesa gSa % bafXy'k] osY'k] LdkWfV'k vkSj vkbfj'kA izR;sd ds vius&vius xq.k vkSj nks"k gSaA dgk tkrk Fkk fd Hkkjr ij vkbfj'k lSfudksa us fot; ikbZ Fkh] 'kklu fd;k bafXy'k us] LdkWV yksxksa ds ykHk ds fy,A firk dk uke tkstsQ áweA mUgksaus Hkh Hkkjr esa bZLV bafM;k daiuh dh ukSdjh dh FkhA lu~ 1797 ls 1807 rd MkWDVj dh gSfl;r lsA exj iSlk dek;k Bsdsnkj vkSj nqHkkf"k, ds :i esaA fQj Lons'k ykSV x, dksbZ 40]000 ikSaM dekdjA lu~ 1812 esa ikfyZ;kesaV dh ,d lhV [kjhndj ,e-ih- gks x,A th gka] ml le; baXySaM esa ikfyZ;kesaV dh lhV [kjhnh tk ldrh FkhA lu~ 1855 rd os laln lnL; jgs vkSj jsfMdy ikVhZ ds usrk HkhA áwe us viuk jSfMfDyTe vius firk ls ik;kA

uoacj&fnlacj 2012

,sysu áwe dh f'k{kk eq[; :i ls yanu esa gqbZA vU; fo"k;ksa ds vykok mUgksaus MkDVjh Hkh i<+hA fQj gsyhcjh esa nkf[ky gks x,A ;g laLFkk bZLV bafM;k daiuh ds fy, eqykfte rS;kj djrh FkhA lu~ 1849 esa caxky flfoy lfoZl esa fu;qfDr ds lkFk 20 o"kZ dh mez esa Hkkjr vk igqapsA lu~ 1856 esa esjs ftys] bVkok] mÙkj izns'k esa dysDVj vkSj ftyk eftLVªsV fu;qDr gq, vkSj lu~ 1867 rd ogka jgsA dq'ky] yksdfiz;] lq/kkjoknh 'kkld ds :i esa firk dk uke tkstsQ áweA [;kfr ikbZA mUgksaus Hkh Hkkjr esa bZLV 1857 esa xnj gks x;kA yxHkx iwjs mÙkj bafM;k daiuh dh ukSdjh dh Hkkjr esa vaxzsth 'kklu yqIr gks x;k FkkA vki FkhA lu~ 1797 ls 1807 rd fo'okl ugha djsaxs fd ,d Hkh vaxzst vQlj MkWDVj dh gSfl;r lsA exj mÙkj Hkkjr ds fdlh ftys esa ugha cpk FkkA iSlk dek;k Bsdsnkj vkSj lc Hkkx x,µ Nqi x, y[kuÅ dh jsftMsalh nqHkkf"k, ds :i esaA fQj esa ;k vkxjk ds fdys esaA ,d Hkh vaxzst Lons'k ykSV x, dksbZ 40]000 vQlj ugha jgk] lkjs mÙkj Hkkjr esa vius ikSaM dekdjA lu~ 1812 esa eqdke ijA 'kfDr'kkyh lkezkT; fldqM+ x;kA ikfyZ;kesaV dh ,d lhV vkx esa Qsads ,d dkxt ds [kjsZ dh rjgA [kjhndj ,e-ih- gks x,A th áwe bl rF; dks dHkh ugha HkwysA ,slk gka] ml le; baXySaM esa fQj dHkh u gksA mUgksaus ladYi fy;kA ikfyZ;kesaV dh lhV [kjhnh áwe dks Hkh bVkok NksM+dj vkxjs ds yky tk ldrh FkhA fdys esa 'kj.k ysuh iM+h FkhA bl iyk;u esa muds Hkkjrh; lg;ksfx;ksa us mudh enn dh vkSj mudh tku cpkbZA ;g ikB Hkh os dHkh ugha HkwysA áwe u cprs vxj muds fganqLrkuh lkfFk;ksa us mUgsa pejkS/kk twrk u iguk;k gksrk] ixM+h u ckaèkh gksrh flj ij vkSj os'k cnydj vius lkFk ysdj u igqapk;k gksrk lqjf{kr LFkku ijA lu~ 1858 ds izkjaHk esa bVkok ykSVdj áwe us fQj ls ftys esa vaxzsth gqdwer dk;e dhA esjs tUe LFkku vuarjke xkao ds ikl dh yM+kbZ esa mUgksaus fonzksfg;ksa dks djkjh ekr nhA ;g yM+kbZ tkuh tkrh gS ^cSVy vkWQ vuarjke* ds uke lsA 7 Qjojh] 1858 dks 125 dks ekj fxjk;k vkSj 8 dks Qkalh ij p<+k;kA ,d Hkh fxj¶rkjh ughaA cl ekSrA D;k fof/k dh foMacuk % ;gh vkneh fQj 27 lky ckn dkaxzsl dk tUenkrk gqvkA

xkaèkh&ekxZ

áwe us lu~ 1857 ds fy, turk dks ugha] 'kkldksa dks nks"kh Bgjk;k] ftUgksua s lÙkk ds en esa turk dh Hkkoukvksa dk frjLdkj fd;k FkkA áwe dk ekuuk Fkk fd yk[kks]a djksM+kas Hkkjrh;ksa ds Åij eqVB~ h Hkj fons'kh yksxksa dk 'kklu dHkh LFkk;h ugha gks ldrkA fQj ;g fons'kh Hkkjr esa clrs Hkh ugha gSAa mudk dguk Fkk] ßblfy, gesa Hkkjrh;ksa dks viuh gqdew r ds fy, rS;kj dj ykSVuk pkfg,A áwe dks Hkh bVkok NksM+dj ugha rks xnj dh ,slh okjnkrsa gksxa h vkSj vkxjs ds yky fdys esa 'kj.k gekjh lH;rk] laLÑfr] O;kikj] m|ksx lc ysuh iM+h FkhA bl iyk;u esa u"V gks tk,axAs Þ áwe tkurs Fks fd rkdr ls muds Hkkjrh; lg;ksfx;ksa us ;g 'kklu T;knk nsj fVd ugha ldsxkA mudh enn dh vkSj mudh ysfdu Hkkjrh;ksa dks f'k{kk nsdj [kqn gqdew r tku cpkbZA ;g ikB Hkh os ds fy, rS;kj djds ;g varjky FkksM+k yack dHkh ugha HkwysA áwe u cprs gks ldrk gSA vxj muds fganqLrkuh lkfFk;ksa áwe us ftys esa fdlkuksa dh xjhch ns[kh us mUgsa pejkS/kk twrk u iguk;k FkhA mUgksua s vius ls Åaps vaxt sz vQljksa dks gksrk] ixM+h u cka/kh gksrh flj crk;k Fkk fd ,d fdlku dh vkSlr vkenuh ij vkSj os'k cnydj vius ek=k 10 #i, lky gS vkSj ;g xjhch] lkFk ysdj u igqapk;k gksrk Hkq[kejh c<+ jgh gSA izR;sd bfrgkl dk lqjf{kr LFkku ijA fo|kFkhZ tkurk gS fd bldk ifj.kke D;k gksxkA bVkok NksMu+ s ds ckn áwe dqN fnuksa cjsyh esa U;k;k/kh'k vkSj fQj mÙkj Hkkjr ds dfe'uj vkWQ dLVEl jgsA blls mUgsa ns'k ds nwljs Hkkxksa dks tkuus dk ekSdk feykA lu~ 1869 esa es;ks Hkkjr ds ok;ljk; gq,A os ,d tkudkj vkSj laons u'khy 'kkld FksA Ñf"k dh mUufr ds fy, mUgksua s lu~ 1871 esa Ñf"k foHkkx dk;e fd;kA áwe mu fxus&pqus vaxt sz vQljksa esa ls Fks] ftUgsa foKku vkSj Ñf"k nksuksa dh Bhd tkudkjh FkhA mudks bl foHkkx dk lfpo cuk;k x;kA es;ks dh lu~ 1872 esa vaMeku esa gR;k gks xbZ] ,d ogkch eqlyeku dSnh ds gkFkksAa ,d gh ok;ljk;] ftldh gR;k gqbZ ;gka fgUnqLrku esAa áwe dh Ñf"k mUufr dh reke ;kstuk,a ljdkj dh mnklhurk vkSj vaxt sz m|ksxifr;kssa ds fojks/k ds dkj.k vlQy gqbA± áwe us ckj&ckj /;ku fnyk;k c<+rh gqbZ xjhch vkSj vlarks"k dh vksjA mUgksua s ,d ok;ljk; ukFkZcd qz ls rks ;g Hkh dg fn;k Fkk fd ftl cX?kh ij vki cSBs gSa mlds ifg, ds uhps ;fn

uoacj&fnlacj 2012

,d Hkh jksM+k vk x;k rks vkidh cX?kh myV tk,xhA ok;ljk; fyVu us vaxt sz lwrh diM+k cukus okys m|ksxifr;ksa ds ncko esa vkdj eqDr O;kikj ds uke ij lwrh diM+s ds vk;kr ij 'kqYd dks gVk fn;k Fkk] ftlls ns'k ds lwrh diM+s ds O;kikj dks cM+k vk?kkr igqpa k FkkA áwe dks lfpo ds in ls gVkdj lu~ 1879 esa bykgkckn Hkst fn;k jktLo cksMZ ds lnL; ds :i esAa áwe viekfur gq,A lu~ 1882 esa mUgksua s le; ls igys lsokfuo`fÙk áwe us ftys esa fdlkuksa ys yh vkSj f'keyk vkdj vius iqjkus edku dh xjhch ns[kh FkhA jkSFkus dkWly esa jgus yxsA mUgksaus vius ls Åaps vaxzst {kek dhft,xk FkksM+h&lh nsjh gks xbZ vQljksa dks crk;k Fkk fd áwe dks f'keyk ykus esAa esjh le> ls rks eSa ,d fdlku dh vkSlr vkenuh cM+h rsth ls vkidks ;gka ys vk;k gw!a ek=k 10 #i, lky gS vkSj áwe lsokfuo`Ùk gksus ij baXySMa okil ;g xjhch] Hkq[kejh c<+ D;ksa ugha x,\ f'keyk esa vkdj D;ksa cl jgh gSA izR;sd bfrgkl dk x,\ dbZ dkj.k FksA igys rks viekfur gq, fo|kFkhZ tkurk gS fd bldk FksA inkoufr gqbZ FkhA lksp jgs Fks mijkT;iky ifj.kke D;k gksxkA gksxa s iatkc ds ;k ok;ljk; dh dkmafly ds lnL;A ijarq pkSct s h NCcs gksus ds ctk; nqcs gks x,A nwljs mudh iRuh dks risfnd dh chekjh FkhA f'keyk dh tyok;q muds fy, eqQhn FkhA rhljsµ vkSj ;g lcls egRoiw.kZ gSµ lu~ 1880 esa bl ns'k esa ,d cgqr cM+h Økafr gqbAZ fyVu us vQxkfuLrku esa gLr{ksi fd;k vkSj ogka mUgsa eqga dh [kkuh iM+hA vQxkfuLrku esa ?kqluk vklku gS ij ckgj fudyuk eqf'dy gSA vkt ;g ckr bfrgkl dk gj fo|kFkhZ tkurk gSA mlh le; lu~ 1880 ds pquko esa baXySMa esa Vksjh ikVhZ cqjh rjg gkjhA XySMLVksu dh fycjy ikVhZ fot;h gqbAZ fyVu us in R;kx fd;kA fjiu okljk; gq,A ,slk gksrk ugha Fkk fd ogka ljdkj cnys vkSj ;gka ok;ljk; R;kxi=k ns nsAa fyVu us ,slk fd;kA mUgsa djuk iM+k] D;ksfa d os Vksjh ikVhZ ds lkFk cgqr utnhd ls igpkus tk jgs FksA Hkkjrh; bfrgkl esa laHkor% lcls [kjkc vkSj foyklh ok;ljk; fyVu gh FksA ijarq muds mÙkjkf/kdkjh ,d egkRek gq, ftudk uke fjiu FkkA Hkkjrh; bfrgkl esa lcls Hkyk] bZekunkj] izxfr'khy 'kkldA vkSj ;g ifjorZu gqvk twu 1880 esa f'keyk esAa tSlk eSua s dgk baXySMa esa ljdkj cnyus ij ok;ljk; ugha cnyrs Fks vkSj tc ok;ljk; cnyrs Fks rc u, ok;ljk; dydÙkk vkdj in xzg.k djrs FksA Hkkjrh; bfrgkl esa igyh ckj fdlh

xkaèkh&ekxZ

ok;ljk; us f'keyk esa vkdj in xzg.k fd;kA twu dh xehZ esa u, ok;ljk; fganqLrku ugha vkrs FksA fjiu Hkkjr vk, twu dh xehZ esaA cacbZ igqaps vkSj ogka ls fnYyh vkSj fQj vackyk gksdj f'keykA áwe dk edku jkSFkus dkWly dksbZ lk/kkj.k edku u FkkA mUgsa nks phtksa dk 'kkSd FkkA ouLifr&foKku vkSj if{k;ksa dkA mudk edku ekuks ,d laxzgky;A reke tehu Fkh edku ds lkFkA rjg&rjg ds isM+ ikS/kksa ls gj le; gjk&HkjkA ges'kk Qwyksa ls Hkjk ekuks dksbZ LFkkbZ izn'kZuh yxh gksA f'keyk esa ml le; dk lcls lqanj cxhpkA vkSj fQj Fkk áwe dk if{k;ksa vkSj vaMksa dk fo'kky laxzg] laHkor nqfu;k esa lcls cM+k futh laxzgA Xykl gkml] 'kh'ks dh vusd NksVh&cM+h vyekfj;ksa esa ladfyrµ blhfy, bl edku dks 'kh'ksokyh dksBh Hkh dgk tkrk FkkA blds igys fd eSa áwe dk izos'k Hkkjrh; jk"Vªh; jktuhfr esa djkÅa] eSa muds }kjk f'keyk esa fd, x, nks egRoiw.kZ dkeksa dk ftØ djuk pkgwaxkA igyk gS fjiu vLirky vkSj nwljk gS VkÅu gkWyA 1882 esa ykWMZ fjiu viuh usd] mnkj Hkkjr&fgrS"kh uhfr;ksa vkSj mn~xkjksa ds dkj.k Hkkjrh; turk ds vknj vkSj Lusg dk ik=k cu pqds FksA os cgqr chekj gks x,A ijekRek us mUgsa cpk fy;kA áwe us ijekRek dks /kU;okn Lo:i f'keyk esaµ tgka Hkkjrh;ksa ds fy, dksbZ vPNk vLirky u Fkkµ fjiu ds uke ls ,d vPNk vLirky cuokus dk chM+k mBk;kA jktk&egkjktk] xjhc&vehj] ukSdjh is'kk&O;kikjh lHkh ls /ku bdV~Bk fd;kA 20 vDrwcj 1882 dks f'kykU;kl gqvkA gsujh vjfou us fMtkbu cukbZA rhu lky ckn 4 ebZ 1885 dks MQfju us mldk mn~?kkVu fd;kA vkt bl vLirky dk uke cnydj bls nhun;ky mik/;k; ds uke ls iqdkjuk ?kksj iki gSA vKku dh pjelhek gSµ vieku gS áwe vkSj egkRek fjiu dkA eSaus ml le; Hkh fojksèk fd;k Fkk vkSj vkt Hkh mldh HkRlZuk djrk gwaA tgka vkt f'keyk E;qfufliy dkWjiksjs'ku gSµ fjt vkSj eky ds chpµ og bekjr rks 1908 esa cuhA blds igys f'keyk E;qfufliSYVh vkSj Vkmu gkWy ml dkWEIySDl ds fgLls Fks ftls vki ,-Mh-lh- vkSj xs;Vh fFk;sVj dgrs gSaA f'keyk esa ,d E;qfufliy desVh 1850 ls dke dj jgh FkhA tc 1864 esa f'keyk ns'k dh xzh"edkyhu jkt/kkuh gks xbZ] rc ;g E;qfufliy desVh ,d ljdkjh n¶rj&lh gks xbZA 1881 esa áwe us bldh fujadq'k izo`fÙk;ksa ds f[kykQ vkokt mBkbZA le; us mudk lkFk fn;kA 1882 esa fjiu dh yksdy lSYQ xouZeSaV dh ;kstuk vkbZA f'keyk E;qfufliSYVh Hkh fuokZfpr gks xbZA áwe

uoacj&fnlacj 2012

us pquko yM+kA fot;h gq, vkSj E;qfufliSYVh ds okbl ps;jeSu cusA ubZ fuokZfpr desVh us ,d Vkmu gkWy dh ;kstuk cukbZA xs;Vh fFk;sVj ds if'peh vksj lVh gqbZ bekjrA Ms<+ yk[k [kpZ gksuk Fkk] gsujh vjfou] ftUgksaus okbZljhxy ykWt dk uD'kk cuk;k dqN le; cknµ mUgksaus gh fMtkbu cukbZA Vkmu gkWy dh bekjr 1887 rd rS;kj ugha gqbZA rc rd áwe vkSj nwljs egRoiw.kZ dkeksa áwe us ckj&ckj /;ku esa yx x,A fnyk;k c<+rh gqbZ xjhch fjiu ls Hkys ok;ljk; bl ns'k esa dHkh vkSj vlarks"k dh vksjA ugha vk,A os Hkkjr ;g r; djds gh vk, mUgksaus ,d ok;ljk; ukFkZczqd fd Hkkjrh;ksa dks Lo'kklu] LojkT; ds fy, ls rks ;g Hkh dg fn;k Fkk fd vkxs c<+kuk gSA dgka 'kq# djsa\ fjiu pkgrs Fks ftl cX?kh ij vki cSBs gSa fd Åij ls 'kq# djsaA dsanz vkSj izkarksa esa mlds ifg, ds uhps ;fn ,d foèkku lHkk,a gSa] buesa vkSj vf/kd Hkkjrh; Hkh jksM+k vk x;k rks vkidh gksa vkSj bu fo/kku lHkkvksa dks vkSj vf/kdkj cX?kh myV tk,xhA gksaA mUgksaus lsØsVjh vkWQ LVsV ls ;g dgkA ysfdu lsØsVjh vkWQ LVsV us vLohdkj dj fn;kA fjiu us lkspk pyks uhps ls 'kq: djrs gSa% ftys vkSj uxjksa dkµ fMfLVªDV cksMks± vkSj E;qfufliy cksMks± dk izca/k turk ds pqus gq, izfrfuf/k djsaA ljdkjh vQljksa dk gLr{ksi de gksA áwe tk[kw esa jgrs FksA fjiu ihVjgkWQ esaA ysfdu nsj&lcsj bu nksuksa dk laidZ gks x;kA nksuksa mnkjpsrk] Hkkjr fgrS"khA fjiu dks 'kh?kz gh ;g vglkl gks x;k fd ,d rks áwe ftruk Hkkjr ds ckjs esa] laiw.kZ Hkkjr ds ckjs esa] u dsoy fdlh NksVs ls Hkkx ds ckjs esa tkurs gSa] mruk laHkor% dksbZ vkSj vaxzst ugha tkurkA nwljk ;g fd áwe ds Hkkjrh;ksa ds lkFk ftrus lkSgknZiw.kZ lacaèk gSa] oSls laHkor% fdlh vkSj vaxszt ds ughaA ok;ljk; dk Hkkjrh; turk lss dksbZ lh/kk laca/k u FkkA áwe 'kh?kz gh ek/;e cu x, fjiu vkSj Hkkjrh; turk ds lkFk laidZ dkA áwe ,d rjg ls fjiu ds izoDrk gks x,µ ok;ljk; vkSj Hkkjrh; turk ds chp esa laidZ dk ek/;eA vxys lky ;kuh lu~ 1883 esa ,d nq?kZVuk gks xbZA oSls rks ckr cgqr NksVh] ekewyh lh Fkh ij og cM+h cu xbZA bafM;u flfoy lfoZl esa vc 10&12 Hkkjrh; Hkh viuh ;ksX;rk ls foyk;r esa tkdj bErgku ikl dj vPNs vadksa ls igqap x, FksA ;s Hkkjrh; vkbZ-lh-,l- vQlj tc jkt/kkuh esa fu;qDr gksrs Fksµ dydÙkk] ykgkSj] enzkl] cacbZ rks os ogka vaxzst vijkf/k;ksa dk eqdnek

xkaèkh&ekxZ

lqu ldrs FksA ysfdu eqQLly esa cnZoku] dks;acVwj] vgenuxj esa ughaA f'keyk esa lquokbZ dj ldrs Fks] ysfdu lksyu esa ughaA fjiu ds dkuwuh lykgdkj lh-ih-bycVZ us bl rjQ fjiu dk /;ku vkdf"kZr fd;kA mnkgj.k Fkk caxky ds vkbZ-lh-,l- ch-,y- xqIrk dkµ dydÙkk esa os vaxzst vijk/kh ds f[kykQ eqdnek lqu ldrs Fks] ysfdu <kdk esa ughaA vlaxr ckr FkhA tc ;g izLrko fo/kkulHkk esa vk;k rks vaxzstksa us cM+k gks&gYyk epk;kA ;gka vkidks ;g crk nwa fd ljdkjh vaxzstksa ds vykok Hkkjr esa cgqrsjs xSj ljdkjh vaxt sz Hkh Fksµ O;kikjh] cxku ekfyd vkfnA Hkkjr ds gj cM+s 'kgj esa mUgksaus lHkk,a dha] Hkkjr dh turk dh vksj ls oSlh fcnkbZ Hkkjrh; bfrgkl esa fojksèk djus ds fy, laxfBr gq,A vius izfrfufèk baXySMa Hksts vkSj ok;ljk; dks xkfy;ka fdlh vkSj ok;ljk; dks ugha nsuk 'kq: dj fn;kA bls xksjksa dk fonzksg nh xbZA iwjk ns'k egkRek fjiu dgk x;k Fkk rcA mUgksaus dkuwu ds lkeus dh t;&t;dkj ls xwat x;kA cjkcjh ds fl)kar dk fojks/k fd;kA mUgksaus gj jsyos LVs'ku ij n'kZdksa dh ;gka rd Ldhe cuk yh fd ok;ljk; dks HkhM+A Qwy ekyk,a] fryd] ?kaVs vig`r dj tgkt esa can dj okfil baXySaM vkjfr;ka] ikjaifjd <ax ls lEekuA cacbZ Hkwys'oj eafnj ds Hkst nsaxsA Hkkjrh;ksa us ok;ljk; dk leFkZu fd;k vkSj vaxzstksa us fojksèkA iqtkjh us eafnj dk njoktk ,d eqV~Bh Hkj xSj ljdkjh vaxzstksa us [kksy vkjrh dh] fryd yxk;k fjiu dksA u Hkwrks u Hkfo";frA Hkkjrh; ljdkj dks ukdksa pus pcok fn, vkSj viuh ckr euok yh% ;fn Hkkjrh; vkSj bl lc ds ihNs Fkk eftLVªsV fdlh vaxzs t vijk/kh ij eqdnek áwe dk gkFkA pyk jgk gS rks vaxzst vijk/kh twjh ds }kjk QSlys dh ekax dj ldrk gSA bl twjh esa 50 izfr'kr ;wjksih; gksaxsA baXySaM ds lkIrkfgd i=k iap us ,d dkVwZu fudkyk% mlesa Hkkjr gkFkh FkkA fjiu&ok;ljk; egkor FksA gkSns esa cgqr ls xSj ljdkjh vaxzst cSBs Fks tks egkor dks Mjk èkedk jgs FksA gkFkh ¼Hkkjr½ us ikB lh[k fy;k fd ;fn Hkkjrh;ksa dks dqN Hkh djokuk gS rks laxfBr gksuk iM+sxkA ;g ugha fd ,d lHkk dydÙkk esa] nwljh cacbZ esa] rhljh enzkl esaA mUgsa ,dtqV gksdj dke djuk gksxkA baXySaM ds ,d lj vkFkZj mnkjoknh] Hkkjr fgrS"kh vkSj fjiu ds fe=k FksA mUgksaus fjiu dks fy[kk fd ;fn Hkkjrh; ,dtqV ugha gksrs rks blh rjg fiVrs jgsasxsA lfEefyr]

uoacj&fnlacj 2012

laxfBr vkokt ljdkj rd igqapsA Hkkjr cM+k eqYd FkkA reke /keZ] reke tkfr;ka] reke fgr vkSj LokFkZ] ml le; ds gkykr esa ;g laHko u Fkk fd ek=k ,d laLFkk fdlh ,d dsUnz ls iwjs ns'k dh vkokt gks ldsA ysfdu ;g gks ldrk Fkk fd ns'k ds fofHkUu izns'kksa esa dke dj jgs yksx vkSj laLFkk,aµ vius&vius LFkkuh; izknsf'kd fgrksa dks lk/kus ds vykok lky esa vius izfrfuf/k ,d txg Hkstdj vkil esa lykg e'kfojk djsa vkSj mu ekeyksa dks mBk,a ftlesa Hkkjr dh iwjh turkµ gj izns'k ds yksxµ lger gksaA tSls fo/kku lHkkvksa dk foLrkj vkSj mnkjhdj.k] vf/kd Hkkjrh;ksa dk izfrfufèkRo] Åaps inksa ij vkSj vf/kd Hkkjrh;ksa dh fu;qfDr] ljdkjh [kpZs esa deh] vkfn&vkfnA ,sls lkewfgd elyksa] leL;kvksa] t:jrksa] lq/kkjksa] ekaxksa ij lky esa ,d ckj feydj fopkj djsa vkSj mUgsa ljdkj ds lkeus j[ksaA gesa ,d nwljs ds lkFk tqM+uk pkfg, vkSj dHkh&dHkh de ls de lky esa ,d ckj bdV~Bs gksdj] lksp fopkj dj] ,d tqV gksdj dke djuk pkfg,A ;g Fkh fyafdax&bu uked ;kstuk] ftls áwe us lu~ 1883&4 esa f'keyk esa cuk;k vkSj fQj ok;ljk; fjiu ds lkFk fopkj&foe'kZ dj vkxs c<+kus dk fu'p; fd;kA ,slk ugha Fkk fd Hkkjr esa ns'kiszeh fdlh ,d jk"Vªh; laLFkk ds ckjs esa dqN lksp u jgs gksaA lc vius&vius <ax ls lksp jgs FksA mnkgj.k ds fy, dydÙks dh bafM;u ,lksfl,'kuA blds d.kZ/kkj lqjsUnzukFk cSuthZ vkSj vkuan eksgu cksl FksA ;g vius dks jk"Vªh; laLFkk ds :i esa ifjofrZr djuk pkgrh FkhA mlus 1883 ds var esa ,d jk"Vªh; lEesyu cqyk;kA ysfdu mls Hkkjr ds D;k] caxky ds D;k] dydÙks ds yksx gh jk"Vªh; laLFkk ekuus dks rS;kj u FksA dydÙks esa nks vkSj laLFkk,a Fkha% bafM;u yhx vkSj fczfV'k bafM;u ,lksfl,'ku] tks mldh izfr}U}h FkhaA bl rjg dkaxzsl dh dYiuk f'keyk esa nks O;fDr;ksa us dhA áwe vkSj ok;ljk; fjiu usA bl ewy dYiuk esa tks 1884 esa cuh Fkh] dksbZ Hkh Hkkjrh; 'kkfey ugha FkkA r; ;g gqvk fd fjiu ftudk 5 lky dk dk;Zdky lu~ 1885 esa lekIr gks jgk Fkk] os ,d lky igys bLrhQk nsaxsA dksf'k'k gksxh fd mudk mÙkjkf/kdkjh ok;ljk; Hkh fycjy gksA ns'k NksM+us ds igys os cacbZesa vius mÙkjkf/kdkjh ls ckr dj ysaxsA áwe ls dgk x;k fd os cacbZ igqapsa] fnlacj ds 'kq# esaA fjiu MQfju ls mudh ckr dj crk nsaxs fd vkxs c<+uk gS fd ughaA ;g lc r; gqvk f'keyk esa] lu~ 1884 dh 'kjn _rq esaA uoacj ds var vkSj fnlacj 1884 ds izkjaHk esa tc fjiu Hkkjr NksM+us yxs

xkaèkh&ekxZ

rc mUgsa tks fcnkbZ nh xbZ] Hkkjr dh turk dh vksj ls oSlh fcnkbZ Hkkjrh; bfrgkl esa fdlh vkSj ok;ljk; dks ugha nh xbZA iwjk ns'k egkRek fjiu dh t;&t;dkj ls xwat x;kA gj jsyos LVs'ku ij n'kZdksa dh HkhM+A Qwy ekyk,a] fryd] ?kaVs vkjfr;kaA ikjaifjd <ax ls lEekuA cacbZ Hkwys'oj eafnj ds iqtkjh us eafnj dk njoktk [kksy vkjrh dh] fryd yxk;k fjiu dksA u Hkwrks u Hkfo";frA vkSj xksiuh; i=k xqIrpj foHkkx bl lc ds ihNs Fkk áwe dk gkFkA dks fey x;kA mlds lkeus ykWMZ MQfju vk,A fjiu ls nks ?kaVs ckr vkus ij Hkkjr vkSj baXySaM esa gqbZA fjiu us mudks áwe vkSj vius chp dh vaxzstksa us bls ysdj cgqr ckrphr dh tkudkjh nhA MQfju lger gks gks&gYyk fd;kA áwe ij x,A fjiu us áwe ls dg fn;k ^vkxs c<+ks*A ns'knzksg vkSj minzo ds fy, áwe us viuh ;kstuk dh tkudkjh dsoy ,d Hkkjrh; turk dks HkM+dkus O;fDr dks nh Fkh% f'kojke gfj fpiywadj dks] dk vkjksi Hkh yxk;k x;kA tks rc iwuk lkoZtfud lHkk ds lfpo FksA dkaxzsl usrkvksa ij ncko vDrwcj&uoacj 1884 esaA fjiu vHkh Hkkjr esa Mkyk x;k fd os áwe ds gh FksA áwe us nks i=k fpiywadj dks fy[ks xksiuh; i=k esa fy[kh xbZ viuh fyfdax bu ;kstuk ds ckjs esaA igyk ckrksa dk [kaMu djsaA i=k laHkor% lh-vkbZ-Mh- us nck fy;k FkkA flQZ ,d i=k 16 uoacj lu~ 1884 dk feyrk gSA bl foLr`r i=k esa mUgksaus vius ns'kO;kih nkSjs dh ;kstuk dh :ijs[kk j[kh FkhA áwe uoacj 1884 ds var esa cacbZ igqap x,A fjiu dks fonk fd;kA fjiu us ykMZ MQfju ls ckr dj áwe ls dg fn;k Fkk ^vkxs c<+ks*A áwe rhu eghus if'pe Hkkjr esa jgsA lc r; fd;k fd dkaxzsl fnlacj 1885 ds var esa iwuk esa gksxh] dkSu lHkkifr gksxk] fdu fo"k;ksa ij ppkZ gksxhA fQj os enzkl] dydÙkk vkSj mÙkj Hkkjr ds reke 'kgjksa esa ?kwers jgs] ;g r; djus fd bl lEesyu esa dkSu&dkSu vk,xkA ebZ 1885 esa f'keyk ykSVdj ok;ljk; MQfju dks iwjh ;kstuk crkbZA ok;ljk; us dgkµ BhdA gesa Hkh irk pyrk jgsxk fd f'kf{kr Hkkjrh; D;k pkgrs gSaA dsoy ,d ckr dh lykg nh fd cacbZ ds xouZj dks lHkkifr u cuk;k tk,A ;fn rqeus ogka enzkl ds xouZj dh vkykspuk dh rks cacbZ ds xouZj dks ijs'kkuh gksxhA áwe us Lohdkj dj fy;kA fQj áwe baXySaM x,] 'kjn_rq esa vkSj ogka ds izeq[k jktuhfrKksa dks Hkh viuh ;kstuk ls voxr djk;kA

uoacj&fnlacj 2012

;kstuk ds vuqlkj dkaxzsl dks iwuk esa feyuk FkkA ysfdu ogka gStk QSy x;kA dkaxzsl dh cSBd dks cacbZ esa djuk iM+kA igyh ,sfrgkfld dkaxszl 28&29&30 fnlacj lu~ 1885 dks cacbZ esa gqbZA dqy 72 izfrfuf/k FksA áwe ds vykok lc Hkkjrh;A muesa ls cgqrsjs ,d nwljs dks tkurs rd ugha FksA ysfdu áwe lc dks tkurs Fks! áwe dHkh dkaxzsl ds eap ls ugha cksysA os dHkh dkaxzsl ds lHkkifr ugha cusA ysfdu os cgqr yacs le; rd dkaxzsl ds vdsys iw.kZdkfyd dk;ZdrkZ FksA vxys lky os lfpo fu;qDr gq, vkSj lu~ 1906 rd bl in ij jgsA ekpZ 1890 esa áwe dkaxzsl ds dke ls baXySaM x, FksA mlh nkSjku mudh iRuh dh e`R;q f'keyk ds jkSFkus dkWly esa gks tc os lq[kn {k.k vk,axs] xbZA áwe dh vuqifLFkfr esa mUgsa phM+ vkSj rc ;nk&dnk eSa Hkh ;kn dj nsonkj ds o`{kksa dh Nk;k esa nQuk;k x;kA iRuh dh e`R;q ds ckn os fcydqy vdsys gks fy;k tkÅaxkA essjh bPNk gS fd Hkkjr dh n;kyq larkusa esjk x, FksA viuk fpfM+;ksa vkSj vaMksa dk laxzg os e`R;ksÙkj ys[k u rkezi=k ij igys gh fczfV'k laxzgky; ds uSpqjy fgLVªh [kaM dks ns pqds FksA lu~ 1891 dh dkaxzsl ds fy[ksa vkSj u f'kyk ij mRdh.kZ djsaA Lusgh ân;ksa esa vafdr ckn áwe baXySaM pys x,A lu~ 1893 esa os jgsA bckjr gksxh% ßHkkjr ds ykgkSj dkaxszl ds fy, vkf[kjh ckj Hkkjr fy, os vuojr Jejr jgs] vk, FksA lu~ 1894 dh 18 ekpZ dks mUgksua s cacbZ vkSj ;fn muus dHkh dksbZ ls Hkkjr dks lnk ds fy, NksMk+ A xyrh Hkh dh rks Hkh os gesa Hkkjr ls fonk gksrs gq, áwe us fy[kk% I;kj djrs jgsAÞ ^FkksM+s gh le; ds ckn eSa vkidks lnk ds fy, NksM+ pqdk gksÅaxkA ,d vlQyrk vuqHko djrk gwaµ tks fot; vkids fy, vftZr djus dh eSaus vk'kk dh Fkh] mldk ys'kek=k Hkh eSa vkidks u ns ldkA eSa cht dk oiu ek=k djds jg x;k ftls HkkX; us mldh Qly u fn[kkbZA o`{k yxkus rd gh jg x;k] ftldk Qy eSa dHkh Hkksx u ldwaxkA fdarq eSa fujk'k ugha gwaA eSa fuf'pr :i ls tkurk gwa fd ;g Hkwfe ftlls eSaus I;kj fd;k gS] ,d fnu fot; izkIr djsxh ftlds fy, eSaus vk'kk ckaèkh Fkh] ,d fnu Qly dVsxh vkSj ,d fnu mu Qyksa dks HkksxsxhA tc os lq[kn {k.k vk,axs] rc ;nk&dnk eSa Hkh ;kn dj fy;k tkÅaxkA essjh bPNk gS fd Hkkjr dh n;kyq larkusa esjk e`R;ksÙkj ys[k u rkezi=k ij fy[ksa vkSj u f'kyk ij mRdh.kZ djsaA Lusgh ân;ksa esa vafdr jgsA bckjr gksxh% ßHkkjr ds fy, os vuojr Jejr

xkaèkh&ekxZ

jgs] vkSj ;fn muus dHkh dksbZ xyrh Hkh dh rks Hkh os gesa I;kj djrs jgsAÞ áwe dks yxrk Fkk fd Hkkjr dh fnu izfrfnu c<+rh gqbZ xjhch vkSj Hkq[kejh ;fn u jksdh xbZ rks ns'k esa nsj lcsj ,d cM+k fgald minzo gksxkA áwe cM+s Li"Voknh Fks vkSj fuHkhZd HkhA mUgksaus 16 Qjojh 1892 dks ns'k dh izknsf'kd dkaxzsl desfV;ksa dks fy[ks x, vius ,d xksiuh; i=k esa ;gh ckr fy[kh FkhA mUgksaus bu desfV;ksa ds lnL;ksa vkSj reke f'kf{kr Hkkjrh;ksa ls vkxzg fd;k áwe dk Hkkjr esa dksbZ Hkh Fkk fd LojkT; ikus ds fy,& tks Hkkjr dh Lekjd ugha gS] ;g cM+s [ksn dh ckr gSA f'keyk ds jkSFkus c<+rh gqbZ xjhch vkSj Hkq[kejh dks jksdus dk dkWly esa áwe cgqr yacs le; ,d ek=k mik; gSµ dkaxzsl ds vkanksyu dh rd jgs vkSj ;gha mUgksaus lu~ ru&eu&/ku ls lgk;rk djsaA ugha rks xjhc] Hkw[kh turk ds fgald minzo dh vkx esa 1884 esa dkaxzsl dh dYiuk f'kf{kr e/;eoxZ Hkh u"V gks tk,xkA dh Fkh Fkhµ D;k ge bl txg áwe dk 16 Qjojh lu~ 1892 dks fy[kk dks áwe Le`fr eafnj dk x;k ;g xksiuh; i=k xqIrpj foHkkx dks fey Lo:i ugha ns ldrs\ x;kA mlds lkeus vkus ij Hkkjr vkSj baXySaM esa vaxzstkas us bls ysdj cgqr gks&gYyk fd;kA áwe ij ns'knzksg vkSj minzo ds fy, Hkkjrh; turk dks HkM+dkus dk vkjksi Hkh yxk;k x;kA dkaxzsl usrkvksa ij ncko Mkyk x;k fd os áwe ds xksiuh; i=k esa fy[kh xbZ ckrksa dk [kaMu djsaA ml le; dkaxszl ds vf/kdka'k usrk Hkys gh futh rkSj ij áwe ds fopkjksa ls lger jgs gksa] os Li"V :i ls ,sls fopkj O;Dr djus esa Mjrs FksA blfy, mUgksaus áwe ds fopkjksa dks vfr'k;ksfDr iw.kZ vkSj xyr crk;k vkSj vius dks muls vyx dj fy;kA áwe dks bl ckr ls cgqr nq[k gqvkA dkaxzsl dk tUe lu~ 1885 esa gqvk Fkk] tc baXySaM esa fycjy ikVhZ dh ljdkj FkhA ;g lkspk x;k Fkk fd fcuk vf/kd ifjJe fd,] dqN fnuksa esa vkanksyu ek=k ls gh dkaxzsl vius mís';ksa dks izkIr djus esa lQy gksxhA ysfdu nqHkkX;Zo'k lu~ 1886 esa fycjy ikVhZ esa vk;jySaM dks Lok;Ùkrk nsus ds ekeys ij QwV iM+ xbZ vkSj og lÙkk ls gkFk /kks cSBhA dkaxzsl dks vius izkjafHkd thou ds chl lkyksa esa vf/kdka'k le; baXySaM esa Vksjh ikVhZ dh gqdwer esa fcrkuk iM+kA ;g cgqr fujk'kktud FkkA lu~ 1886 esa tc fycjy ikVhZ lÙkk ls gV xbZ] rc Hkkjr ds rRdkyhu ok;ljk; ykMZ MQfju tks dHkh áwe ds iz;Ruksa vkSj dkaxzsl dh ekaxksa ls lgkuqHkwfr fn[kkrs Fks] os Hkh nwljk jkx vykius

uoacj&fnlacj 2012

yxsA lu~ 1888 esa Hkkjr NksM+us ds igys MQfju us [kqysvke áwe dh vkykspuk dh FkhA Hkkjr esa vkanksyu dh foQyrk ns[k áwe vkSj fofy;e oSMjcuZ tSls dkaxzslh usrkvksa us lu~ 1889 esa baXySaM esa lfØ; vkanksyu ds fy, ogka ,d fczfV'k desVh dk xBu fd;k FkkA lkspk ;g x;k fd Hkkjr dk vaxzst 'kkld rks dqN lqusxk ugha( blfy, baXySaM esa vkanksyu rst djks] D;ksafd Hkkjr ds vlyh 'kkld fczfV'k ljdkj vkSj ikfyZ;kesaV rks yanu esa gSa vkSj baXySaM dk vaxzst Hkkjr ds vaxzstksa ls vfèkd mnkj gSA lu~ 1905 ds var esa fQj fycjy ikVhZ lÙkk esa vkbZA áwe fQj vk'kkoknh gks lfØ; gks x, Hkkjr ds fgr esa dke djusA Hkkjr ds vykok áwe dk baXySaM esa ,d vkSj O;lu Fkk vkSj og Fkk ouLifr foKkuA baXySaM esa Vksjh 'kklu ds yacs va/kdkj&;qx esa rks Hkkjr dks dqN feyuk u FkkA laHkor% viuh blh fujk'kk dks Hkqykus ds fy, áwe nqxus mRlkg ls vius iqjkus 'kkSd esa yx x,A lu~ 1910 esa mUgksaus 10]000 ikSaM dk vuqnku nsdj lkmFk yanu ckWVfudy baLVhP;wV dh LFkkiuk dhA blesa lqanj cxhpk ,d cM+k iqLrdky; vkSj áwe dk fo'kky ouLifr laxzg FkkA ;g laLFkk vHkh Hkh thfor vkSj lfØ; gS vkSj bl o"kZ yanu esa áwe dh iq.;frfFk dh 'krkCnh tksj&'kksj ls euk jgh gSA 31 tqykbZ 1912 dks áwe dk nsgkar gqvk 83 o"kZ dh vk;q esa] muds nf{k.k yanu fuokl LFkku ijA áwe dh fyf[kr fgnk;rksa ds vuqlkj mudk nkg laLdkj fd;k x;kA vkSj ckn esa HkLe dks ,d lk/kkj.k lekf/k esa j[k fn;k x;kA áwe dk Hkkjr esa dksbZ Hkh Lekjd ugha gSA ;g cM+s [ksn dh ckr gSA f'keyk ds jkSFkus dkWly esa áwe cgqr yacs le; rd jgs vkSj ;gha mUgksaus lu~ 1884 esa dkaxzsl dh dYiuk dh Fkhµ D;k ge bl txg dks áwe Le`fr eafnj dk Lo:i ugha ns ldrs\ ;fn ge bl lky ,slk dqN dj ldsa] rks ge dg ldsaxs fd geus áwe dh 'krkCnh ;Fkksfpr J)k vkSj vknj ds lkFk eukbZ gSA Jh esgjks=kk us viuh mPp f'k{kk bykgkckn vkSj yanu ds fo'ofo|ky;ksa esa ikbZA mUgksua s ns'k&fons'k ds dbZ fo'ofo|ky;ksa esa i<+k;k gSA mudh fo'ks"k #fp fczfV'k jk"VªeMa y vkSj Hkkjrh; jk"Vªh; vkanksyu ds bfrgkl esa jgh gSA

xkaèkh&ekxZ

iqrys ge ekVh ds lksiku tks'kh vkt ge eaxy xzg ds Hkwxksy ds djhch fp=k ns[krs gSa] pkan ij ikuh [kkstrs gSa vkSj thou dh ryk'k esa okW,tj ;ku dks lkSjeaMy ds ckgj Hkstus dh dwor j[krs gSaA ysfdu gekjs 'kjhj ij vkSj mlds Hkhrj jgus okys vjcksa tho&thok.kqvksa ds ckjs esa ge cgqr de gh tkurs gSa] tcfd buls gekjk ysu&nsu gj jkst] gj iy gksrk jgrk gSA foKku bl vkfn&vuar laca/k dk ,d lw{e fgLlk vc le>us yxk gSA bl laca/k dk LoHkko gksM+] izfrLi/kkZ de lg;ksx T;knk gSA bl ubZ [kkst ls gekjh ,d ubZ ifjHkk"kk Hkh mHkjrh gSA ^eSa dkSu gwa* tSls 'kk'or vkSj vk/;kfRed iz'u dk Hkh dqN mÙkj fey ldrk gS!

tho 'kCn ls ge lc ifjfpr gSaA v.kq ls Hkh ge lc ugha rks geesa

ls T;knkrj ifjfpr gSa ghA ij tc ;s nksuksa 'kCn tqM+ dj thok.kq curs gSa rks muds ckjs esa geesa ls eqV~Bh&Hkj yksx Hkh dqN T;knk tkurs ughaA bu lw{e thok.kqvksa dks le>uk gekjs fy, vHkh Hkh Vs<+h [khj gSA dqN ;ksa fd lqbZ ds Nsn ls ,d eksVh&lh jLlh fudkyukA izÑfr us gesa tSlh vka[k nh gS] mlls eaxy xzg dh ykfyek rks fn[k tkrh gS ij mu djksM+ksa thoksa dk jax ugha fn[krk tks gekjh viuh peM+h ij jgrs gSaA vxj QksM+k gks tk, rks mldh ykyh ns[k ge lksprs gSa fd fdlh jksxk.kq ls laØe.k gks x;k gksxkA ij mu gtkjksa thok.kqvksa ls gekjk ifjp; Hkh ugha gksrk tks ?kko dks tYnh ls Hkjus ds fy, vk cSBrs gSa vkSj u, jksxk.kq dks ml txg ij viuk ?kj cukus ls jksdrs Hkh gSaA

uoacj&fnlacj 2012

cnys esa mUgsa gekjh peM+h ls [kkuk feyrk gS] e`r dksf'kdkvksa dkA ;s thok.kq gekjs peZ igjsnkj gh ugha] peZ lQkbZ deZpkjh Hkh gSaA ysfdu ge bUgas tku ugha ikrsA vxj ;s gesa lQkbZ vkSj igjsnkjh dk fcy Hkstsa rks 'kk;n gesa budh vlyh dher irk yxsA ;k tc&rc ;s gM+rky dj nsaA ysfdu thok.kq rks viuk dke lrr djrs jgrs gSa] pkgs ge mUgas tkussa ;k u tkusaA os gels dHkh dksbZ iz'kfLr i=k ugha ekaxrs] dHkh vius vf/kdkjksa ds fy, Økafr dk mn~?kks"k ugha djrs] eagxkbZ HkÙkk Hkh ugha ekaxrsA pkgs dke fdruk Hkh dfBu gks os thok.kq rks viuk dke lgt :i ls mls djrs jgrs gSaA dke Hkh lrr djrs jgrs gSa] pkgs bruk dfBu djrs gSa fd ge mls djus ds ge mUgas tkussa ;k u tkusaA fy, cgqr eagxs dkj[kkus Hkh cuk ysa rks Hkh os gels dHkh dksbZ iz'kfLr ml fdQk;r ls ugha dj ik,axsA i=k ugha ekaxrs] dHkh izÑfr dk O;kikj lgt ysu&nsu ls] vius vfèkdkjksa ds fy, ijLij lg;ksx ls pyrk gSA ;g fdlh dkxt Økafr dk mn~?kks"k Hkh ugha ds vuqca/k ij nLr[kr djus ls ugha pyrkA djrs] eagxkbZ HkÙkk Hkh ugha blesa dksbZ odhy vkSj dpgjh ugha gksrh] ekaxrsA pkgs dke fdruk dksbZ gqaMh ;k dtkZ ugha gksrkA mldk dksbZ Hkh dfBu gks] os lgt :i lafo/kku ugha gksrk vkSj fdlh ds Hkh vf/kdkj ls mls djrs jgrs gSaA dkuwu esa ugha fy[ks gksrsA bl nqfu;k dh lgt vkilnkjh gekjs fu.kZ;&vfu.kZ;] gekjh psruk rd dh eksgrkt ugha gSA gekjh le> dk nk;jk dqN NksVk gS] bl lw{e nqfu;k dks le>us ds fy,A vkSj gekjh utj gS tjk eksVhA oukZ D;k dkj.k gS fd ge viuh ukd ij cSBs thou ds ewy dks le>us ds ctk, eagxs ls eagxs varfj{k;ku cuk èkjrh ls nwj thou [kkstrs fQjrs gSa\ djsa Hkh D;k\ tks fn[krk ugha ml ij gesa lgt fo'okl ugha gksrkA lar lwjnkl dks fcuk n`f"V ds tks fn[kk Fkk oks rks muds dfoÙk ls eglwl gh fd;k tk ldrk gSA mudh J)k ij oSKkfud 'kksèk csdkj gh gksxkA lwjnklth dh vka[kksa esa jkS'kuh pkgs u Hkh jgh gks] laHkkouk ;s gS fd mudh iydksa ij MseksMsDl ekbV uke dk ,d thok.kq t:j jgk gksxkA oks bl if=kdk ds dbZ ikBdksa dh iydksa ij Hkh cSBk gksxkA vkB iSj okyk ;s lw{e izk.kh gekjh iydksa dh tM+ ds vklikl fopjrk gSA gekjh mej c<+us ds lkFk MseksMsDl dk lkFk Hkh c<+rk tkrk gSA jkr dks tc ge lks tkrs gSa rc ;g

xkaèkh&ekxZ

gekjs psgjs dh peM+h ij Vgyus fudyrk gSA yach nkSM+ dk ;g dhM+k ,d ?kaVs esa dbZ ,d lsaVhehVj dh nwjh dj ysrk gS! dHkh&dHkh ;s FkksM+k cgqr mRikr Hkh djrk gS] rc iqryh ij lwtu ;k ykyh vk tkrh gSA ij T;knkrj bldh mifLFkfr dk gesa vkHkkl ugha gksrkA gekjs 'kjhj ds Åij vkSj Hkhrj jgus okys bu lpeqp vufxur izkf.k;ksa esa MseksMsDl dk vkdkj dkQh cM+k gSA fQj Hkh buesa T;knkrj rks ekbZØksLdksi ds uhps Hkh eqf'dy ls gh fn[krs gSaA budh la[;k gekjs 'kjhj dh viuh dksf'kdkvksa ls gekjs 'kjhj ds Åij vkSj nl xq.kk vf/kd gksrh gSA oSKkfud vuqeku Hkhrj jgus okys bu lpeqp yxkrs gSa fd ge esa ls gj ,d dk 'kjhj dksbZ vufxur izkf.k;ksa esa MseksMsDl 90 yk[k djksM]+ ;kuh 90]00]00]00]00]00]000 dk vkdkj dkQh cM+k gSA fQj thok.kqvksa dk ?kj gSA ;fn vkidk otu 90 Hkh buesa T;knkrj rks fdyksxzke eku ysa rks blesa ,d ls rhu ekbZØksLdksi ds uhps Hkh eqf'dy ls gh fn[krs gSaA budh fdyksxzke otu rks dsoy vki ds 'kjhj ij thus okys thok.kqvksa dk gksrk gSA ij ;s la[;k gekjs 'kjhj dh viuh dksf'kdkvksa ls nl xq.kk vf/kd cks>k dksbZ cks>k ugha gSA ,dne mBkus yk;d gS] D;ksafd bl ,d fdyks ls gh ckdh gksrh gSA oSKkfud vuqeku yxkrs gSa fd ge esa ls gj ,d 89 fdyks dk dke pyrk gSA vxj gekjs vkids 'kjhj esa] gj 'kjhj dk 'kjhj dksbZ 90 yk[k djksM+] esa thok.kq bruh rknkn esa gSa rks gesa Hkyk ;kuh 90]00]00]00]00]00]000 budh ekStwnxh dk vkHkkl D;ksa ugha gksrk\ thok.kqvksa dk ?kj gSA lh/kk dkj.k gSA tks tho ekbØksLdksi ds uhps Hkh eqf'dy ls fn[ksa muls ifjp; dSls gks\ mudk dksbZ tulaidZ foHkkx Hkh rks ugha gksrk ftlds izoDrk Vh-oh- ij vkdj c;ku nsaA ;s Fks rks gekjs lkFk gtkjksa cjl ls ij igyh ckj bUgsa geus ekbØksLdksi ds }kjk vkt ls 336 lky igys ns[kk FkkA ysfdu budh dqN dgus yk;d tkudkjh feyuh rks gesa 150 lky igys gh 'kq: gqbZA bu thok.kqvksa dk irk pyus ds ckn Hkh buls gekjk ifjp; ,drjQk gh jgkA T;knkrj 'kksèk chekjh QSykus okys jksxk.kqvksa ij gh gqbZ gSA og Hkh ,aVhck;ksfVd nok cukus okyh daifu;ksa us gh dh gSA D;ksafd ftruh tkudkjh jksxk.kq dh gks mruk gh nok,a cukuk vklku gks tkrk gSA tks thok.kq dksbZ chekjh ugha QSykrs ;k dgsa fd gesa cl Qk;nk gh djkrs gSa] nok cukus okyksa us mudh vogsyuk gh dh gSA

uoacj&fnlacj 2012

'kks/k djus okyksa dh n`f"V esa ,slk dqN gksrk gS fd mUgsa vPNkbZ ljyrk ls fn[krh ugha gSA fujksx ij 'kks/k djus ls equkQk ugha gksrkA equkQs ds fy, csgrj gS jksx <wa<+sa vkSj fQj ml jksx dk mipkj [kkstsaA nok,a cspus okys gesa gj rjg ls thok.kqvksa dk gkSvk gh crkrs gSaA cSDVhfj;k vkSj ok;jl ds uke ,sls fy, tkrs gSa fd tSls os dksbZ vkradoknh laxBu gksaA blls LoLFk fopkj QSys u QSys] ?kksj vKku t:j QSyrk gSA foKku vkSj 'kks/k dh nqfu;k esa gekjs bu thok.kqvksa dk irk pyus fe=k thok.kqvksa ds izfr izhfr vkSj #fp gky ds ckn Hkh buls gekjk gh esa c<+h gSA oks Hkh blfy, fd ,aVhck;ksfVd ifjp; ,drjQk gh jgkA nokvksa dk vlj de gksus yxk gSA jksxk.kq T;knkrj 'kks/k chekjh QSykus bUgsa lgus dh rkdr cuk ysrs gSa vkSj etcwr okys jksxk.kqvksa ij gh gqbZ gSA gks tkrs gSAa fQj vkSj u, vkSj eagxs ,aVhck;ksfVd og Hkh ,aVhck;ksfVd nok ij 'kks/k gksrk gSA bl 'kks/k ds nkSjku oSKkfudksa cukus okyh daifu;ksa us gh dh dks le> vk;k fd 'kjhj esa dqN vkSj Hkh gSA D;ksafd ftruh tkudkjh thok.kq gSa vkSj buls gekjk laca/k /kjrh ij jksxk.kq dh gks mruk gh nok,a thou ds mn~xe ds le; ls gSA ;g dguk cukuk vklku gks tkrk gSA T;knk lgh gksxk fd ;s gekjs iqj[ks gh gSaA tks thok.kq dksbZ chekjh ugha èkjrh ij thou dk lcls O;kid izdkj lw{e QSykrs ;k dgsa fd gesa cl thok.kq gh gSaA pkgs ouLifr gks ;k i'kqµ Qk;nk gh djkrs gSa] nok thok.kqvksa ds fcuk fdlh dk thou ,d {k.k cukus okyksa us mudh Hkh ugha pysA feêh esa ekStwn thok.kqvksa ds vogsyuk gh dh gSA fcuk ikS/ks tehu ls viuk [kkuk ugha fudky ldrsA fcuk thok.kqvksa ds ejs gq, ikS/ks vkSj i'kq okil [kkn cu dj u, thou esa ugha igqap ldrsA thou dh yhyk dh lcls iqjkuh] lcls cfqu;knh bdkbZ thok.kq gh gSaA gekjs 'kjhj esa budk [kkl fBdkuk gS gekjk ikpu ra=kA ;kfu eqag] isV vkSj gekjh vkarA ;gka djksM+ksa thok.kq gekjs Hkkstu ds ,d lw{e fgLls ij iyrs gSaA buds jgus ls gesa rhu cM+s Qk;ns gSa % ,d] budh mifLFkfr Hkkstu dks ipkus esa cgqr vge gSA Hkkstu esa ekStwn dbZ rjg ds tfVy jlksa dks ;s ljy cukrs gSa] bl :i esa ykrs gSa fd gekjh vkar ls ;g jl [kwu esa lks[kk tk lds] tgka ls oks gekjs 'kjhj ds gj fgLls esa igqaprk gSA tSls Qly dks dkV dj] lkQ djds cksjksa esa ckaèkk tk, rkfd vukt dh tgka t:jr gks ogka fey tk,A dke ;s cgqr esgur dk

xkaèkh&ekxZ

gS] tSls dPph lkexzh ls Hkkstu rS;kj djukA tSls dksbZ jlksbZ;k lCth ls rjdkjh] pkoy ls Hkkr vkSj xsgwa ls jksVh cukrk gS] oSls gh ;s djksM+ksa thok.kq gekjs [kkus dks lqikP; vkSj lqxe cukrs gSaA bls djus ds fy, dbZ rjg ds jlk;u pkfg,A gekjk 'kjhj brus jlk;u [kqn ugha cuk ldrk lks og bu thok.kqvksa dks vius Hkhrj ikyrk gSA thok.kq ;s dke fo'o LokLF; laxBu ;k LokLF; ea=kky; ds funsZ'k ij ugha djrs gSaA mUgsa jksVh] diM+k vkSj edku feyrs gSa gekjh vkar esaA ge lHkh dks ;g vuqHko gks pqdk gS fd tc fdlh jksxk.kq dks ekjus ds fy, ge ,aVhck;ksfVd nok,a ysrs gSa rks gekjk foKku rks vc geesa ls ikpu vkSj Lokn] nksuksa fcxM+ tkrk gSA gj fdlh ds 'kjhj dks ,d ,slk blfy, gksrk gS] D;ksafd ;s nok,a vyx xzg ds :i esa ns[krk gS] jksxk.kqvksa dks ekjsa ;k u ekjsa] gekjs fe=k ftl ij dqN djksM+ksa izk.kh thok.kqvksa dks rks t:j gh ekj nsrh gSaA thrs gSaA dqN oSls gh tSls tc rd ;s lw{e fe=k gekjs 'kjhj esa ykSV /kjrh ij ge dbZ rjg ds isM+ dj okil u vk,a] [kkuk ipkuk rks dfBu ikS/kksa vkSj i'kqvksa ds lkFk gksrk gh gS] eqag esa tk,dk Hkh ugha jgrkA thrs gSaA varfj{k esa ns[kus ij ftls ge nok ekurs gSa] og u, jksx dk ftruk egRo gekjs vfLrRo dk dkj.k Hkh cu tkrh gSA gS] thok.kqvksa dk gekjs 'kjhj ;g u;k 'kks/k le>k jgk gS fd gekjk ij egRo mlls dgha T;knk eksVk gksuk ;k u gksuk gekjs isV esa jgus gSA vkSj varfj{k ls ns[krs gq, okys thok.kqvksa ij fuHkZj gksrk gSA 'kk;n fdlh dks igpku ysuk ftruk vki ,sls yksxksa dks tkurs gksa tks cgqr dfBu gS] mruk gh dfBu T;knk [kkrs gSa fQj Hkh nqcys gh cus jgrs gekjs 'kjhj ij jgus okys gSaA fQj ,sls Hkh yksx feyrs gSa ftudk thok.kqvksa dks igpkuuk gSA Hkkstu cgqr T;knk ugha gksrk ij 'kjhj Hkkjh gksrk gSA e/kqesg jksx esa Hkh thok.kqvksa ds larqyu fcxM+us dk gkFk ns[kk tkus yxk gSA gekjs fpÙk ij vkuan&volkn esa] nq[k&lq[k esa rks thok.kqvksa dk gkFk gksrk gh gS] gekjs fu.kZ; vkSj foosd ij Hkh mudk n[ky jgrk gSA gekjs isV esa jgus okyk ,d thok.kq gSfydkscSDVj ikbyksjh ds uke ls tkuk tkrk gSA dHkh&dHkh blls isV ds dqN jksx gks tkrs gSa] tks dSalj tSlk [krjukd :i Hkh ys ldrs gSaA ,aVhck;ksfVd nokvksa ls bls cgqr de djus ds ckn irk pyk dh bldh ekStwnxh isV ds LokLF; ds fy, t:jh Hkh gksrh gS]

uoacj&fnlacj 2012

D;ksafd ;s isV ds rstkc dks dkcw esa j[krk gS vkSj isV ds ckjhd jlk;u'kkL=k esa vPNk n[ky Hkh nsrk gSA ,d rjg ds jksx de djus ds Qsj esa ge fdlh vkSj rjg ds jksx c<+kus esa yxs gSaA nokvksa ij [kpkZ c<+k] lks ckr vyx! foKku rks vc geesa ls gj fdlh ds 'kjhj dks ,d vyx xzg ds :i esa ns[krk gS] ftl ij dqN djksM+ksa izk.kh thrs gSaA dqN oSls gh tSls /kjrh ij ge dbZ rjg ds isM+ ikS/kksa vkSj i'kqvksa ds lkFk thrs gSaA varfj{k ls ns[kus ij ftruk egRo gekjs vfLrRo dk gS] thok.kqvksa dk gekjs 'kjhj ij egÙo mlls dgha T;knk gSA vkSj varfj{k ls ns[krs gq, fdlh dks igpku ysuk ftruk dfBu gS] mruk gh dfBu gekjs 'kjhj ij jgus okys thok.kqvksa dks igpkuuk gSA vyx&vyx bykdksa esa jgus okys yksxksa ds isV esa thok.kq Hkh vyx&vyx rjg ds gksrs gSaA bldk ,d laca/k [kku&iku ls Hkh gSA ftl rjg dk Hkkstu ,d txg [kk;k tkrk gS] mls ipkus okys thok.kq Hkh [kkl gh gksrs gSaA fe=k thok.kqvksa ls nwljk Qk;nk gesa ;s gksrk gS fd ;s jksxk.kqvksa dks nck dj j[krs gSaA dqN oSls gh tSls djksM+ksa lSfud gekjs 'kjhj dh igjsnkjh dj jgs gksaA D;ksa djrs gSa ;s ,slk\ D;ksafd jksxk.kq Hkh mlh Hkkstu dk ihNk djrs gSa ftl ij ;s gekjs 'kkafr lSfud iyrs gSaA vxj [kkuk jksxk.kq dks fey x;k rks ;s D;k [kk,axs\ vkSj fQj vxj jksxk.kq us gesa chekj dj fn;k rks ml chekjh dk vlj bu ij Hkh gksrk gSA gekjs LokLF; esa budk LokLF; gksrk gSA buls gekjk laca/k djksM+ksa lky vkSj yk[kksa ihf<+;ksa dk gSA gekjh nksLrh tUetkr gS] pkgs gesa irk gks ;k ughaA vius nksLr dks uqdlku igqapkus okys dks ;s vkM+s gkFk ysrs gSaA gj jkst] gj {k.kA ljy ckr dks dfBu cukdj dgus ls ;fn T;knk vlj iM+rk gS rks dgk tk ldrk gS fd budk ?kks"k okD; gS% vgZfu'kalsokegs! budh #fp geesa gS] gesa nok cspus okyh daifu;ksa esa ughaA rks fe=k thok.kq ij 'kksèk de gh gqvk gSA cktkjh fpfdRlk rks vHkh lkS lky iqjkuh Hkh ugha gS] ij euq"; dks foKku dksbZ nks yk[k lky iqjkuk vkadrk gSA mlds igys Hkh gekjs iwoZt fdlh u fdlh :i esa jgs gh gksaxsA 'kjhj esa jksxizfrjks/k ds fcuk mudk le`) gksuk ukeqefdu FkkA vxj euq"; tkfr cph gS rks blfy, fd ftrus jksx QSykus okys dhVk.kq jgs gSa] mlls dgha T;knk fe=k thok.kq jgs gSa] ftudh le`f) gekjh le`f) ij gh fVdh gqbZ FkhA

xkaèkh&ekxZ

jksxk.kq vkSj fe=k thok.kqvksa dk laca/k tkuus ds fy, ,d chekjh dk fdLlk nsf[k,µ bls vaxzsth esa dksykbfVl dgrs gSa vkSj bldk ,d cM+k dkj.k DykLVªksfM;e fMf¶Qlkby uke dk cSDVhfj;k gSA ;s cSDVhfj;k tkus dc ls euq"; dh fupyh vkar esa ?kj djs cSBk gS] ysfdu ogka jgus okys fe=k thok.kq bl <hB dks dkcw esa j[krs gSa] bls mRikr epkus ugha nsrsA bl jksxk.kq us ,aVhck;ksfVd nokvksa dks lgu djuk lh[k fy;k gSA ysfdu bls dkcw esa j[kus okys eka ds nw/k esa ,sls dbZ thok.kq bu nokvksa ls ekjs tkrs gSaA urhtk ;s jlk;u gksrs gSa ftUgas f'k'kq gksrk gS fd ,aVhck;ksfVd ysus ds ckn bl dk isV fdlh Hkh lwjr esa jksxk.kq dk izdksi c<+ tkrk gSA blds ,sls ipk gh ugha ldrkA foKku izdkj Hkh cu x, gSa ftu ij vc gekjh dks irk ugha Fkk fd eka dk fdlh Hkh nok dk vlj ugha gksrkA gky gh 'kjhj viuh bruh ÅtkZ [kpZ esa bldk ,d u;k mipkj <wa<+k x;k gSA D;ksa djrk gS ,sls jl cukus fdlh LoLFk O;fDr ds ey dk ,d NksVk&lk esa] ftudk f'k'kq dks dksbZ fgLlk jksxh dh vkar rd igqapk fn;k ykHk gks gh ughaA bldk tkrk gSA cl] fe=k thok.kqvksa ds igqaprs tokc gky gh esa dqN gh bldk izdksi ?kV tkrk gSA oSKkfudksa us [kkstk gSA thok.kqvksa ls rhljk Qk;nk feyrk gS gekjs jksxizfrjks/k ra=k dksA izÑfr us gesa lgt gh jksxksa ls yM+us dh tks 'kfDr nh gS] og dHkh detksj Hkh iM+rh gSA rc mldks lacy feyrk gS thok.kqvksa lsA tSls thok.kqvksa ij 'kks/k de gh gqvk gS] oSls eka ds nw/k ij Hkh 'kks/k de gh gqvk gSA tks FkksM+k&cgqr 'kks/k gqvk gS og f'k'kq vkgkj cukus okyh daifu;ksa us gh fd;k gS tks eka ds nw/k dk i;kZ; cu pqds iSdsV ;k fMCcs esa nw/k dk ikmMj csprh gSaA ;s rks lcdks ekywe gh jgk gS fd eka ds nwèk ij iys cPpksa dh jksxizfrjksèk dh rkdr T;knk gksrh gS] 'kjhj dgha T;knk etcwr gksrk gSA ij ;g D;ksa gksrk gSµ ;g jgL; gh FkkA eka ds nw/k esa ,sls dbZ jlk;u gksrs gSa ftUgsa f'k'kq dk isV fdlh Hkh lwjr esa ipk gh ugha ldrkA foKku dks irk ugha Fkk fd eka dk 'kjhj viuh bruh ÅtkZ [kpZ D;ksa djrk gS ,sls jl cukus es]a ftudk f'k'kq dks dksbZ ykHk gks gh ughaA bldk tokc gky gh esa dqN oSKkfudksa us [kkstk gSA mUgkaus s ik;k fd ;g jl mu thok.kqvksa dks ikslrk gS tks f'k'kq ds isV esa jksxk.kqvksa ls yM+rs gSa vkSj f'k'kq ds vius jksxizfrjks/k dks lgkjk nsrs gSAa rks eka dk nwèk bu j{kdksa dks Hkh

uoacj&fnlacj 2012

ikslrk gSA eka dk nw/k feyus ls igys gh f'k'kq dks ykHk igqpa kus okys ;s thok.kq eka ds 'kjhj ls tUe ds le; ls feyus 'kq# gks tkrs gSAa ysfdu bl fo"k; ij 'kks/k djus ls eka dk dtZ pqd ugha tkrkA mlds fy, rks gesa vius vkpj.k esa J)k ykuh gksxhA vktdy dqN yksx vius cw<+s ekrk&firk dks Hkwy tkrs gSaA Bhd oSls gh tSls ,Vhck;ksfVd nokvksa ds u'ks esa 'kksèk djus okys gesa LoLFk j[kus okys thok.kqvksa dks utjvankt djrs gSaA /kjrh dks Hkh gj laLÑfr us eka dk gh :i ekuk gSA ge 'kqfprk ds uke ij gj og dke djus yxs gSa] ftlls feêh dk LoHkko fcxM+sA bldk lcls cM+k mnkgj.k gS lhoj vkSj Ñf=ke [kknA izÑfr dk fu;e gS fd tks thou feêh ls isM+ ikS/kksa ds :i esa mxrk gS og izkf.k;ksa ds isV ls gksrk gqvk okfil feêh esa ey&ew=k ds :i esa tk,A feêh esa ,sls djksM+ksa thok.kq cSBs jgrs gSa tks gekjs ey&ew=k ij thrs gSa vkSj mls okfil ikS/kksa dk [kkuk cuk nsrs gSaA ;s thou dh lgt yhyk gS vkSj gekjk thou blh ls pyrk gSA gtkjksa ihf<+;ksa ls euq"; dk ey&ew=k bl lqanj yhyk dh ,d dM+h jgk gSA feêh dh moZjrk dk ;g ,d lzksr gh jgk gSA ij ;qjksi ds 'kgjksa esa vkt ls 150 vc ;g ckr lkeus Hkh lky igys ogka dh ?kksj xanxh de djus ds vkus yxh gS fd lhoj fy, cM+s&cM+s lhoj cusA igys ;qjksi ds lkQ djus ds la;a=k egkcyh 'kgjksa esa ey&ew=k lM+dksa ij cgrk FkkA dqN ;k ckgqcyh jksxk.kq ¼vaxzsth yksx rks ;s ekurs gSa dh Åaph ,M+h ds twrksa esa ^lqijcx*½ cukus ds dk bLrseky bl udZ ls cpus ds fy, gh dkj[kkus curs tk jgs gSaA bu gqvk Fkk] tks ckn esa QS'ku cu x;k! ;qjksi jksxk.kqvksa ls gksus okys jksx dh ufn;ksa dh gkyr rc gekjh vkt dh ykbykt gSaA gky gh esa ,slk xaxk&;equk ls cgqr csgrj ugha FkhA lhoj ,d jksxk.kq feyk gS] ftldk cukdj vkSj vius dqN yksxksa dks vesfjdk uke ^ubZ fnYyh* j[kk x;kA tSls nwljs egk}hiksa ij Hkst dj ;qjksi ds fQj [kwc fookn gqvkA 'kgj lkQ t:j gq, gSaA ysfdu bldh dher mudh ufn;ka us pqdkbZ gSA nqfu;k esa vc rd ,slk dksbZ lhoj ra=k ugha cuk tks ty lzksrksa dks nwf"kr u djsA vktdy 'kgj vius ty lzksr vius ey&ew=k ls fcxkM+ nsrs gSaA fQj nwj&nwj ls fdlh vkSj dk ikuh Nhu dj pyrs gSaA nwljh rjQ [kkn dh deh ls feêh dh moZjrk ?kVh rks Ñf=ke [kkn dh fcØh vkSj bLrseky c<+ x;kA bl [kkn ls feêh dk Bhd ogh gky gks

xkaèkh&ekxZ

jgk gS] tks gekjs 'kjhj esa ,aVhck;ksfVd ls gks jgk gSA fe=k thok.kq ?kV jgs gS vkSj jksxk.kq fnu&c&fnu vkSj T;knk rkdroj curs tk jgs gSaA Ñf=ke [kkn esa dqy ftruh moZjrk gksrh gS] mldk ,d NksVk va'k Hkj ikS/ks dks feyrk gSA D;ksafd mls ipk dj ikS/ks ds bLrseky yk;d cukus ds fy, thok.kq mlesa gksrs ughaA thok.kqvksa dks jgus ds fy, ?kj vkSj [kkus ds fy, Hkkstu pkfg,A og mUgsa thfor phtksa ds vktdy gekjh ljdkj lM+us&xyus ls gh feyrk gSA Bhd tSls ns'k dks [kqys esa 'kkSp tkus ls gekjs isV ds Hkhrj gksrk gSA eqDr djus dh Hkjld dksf'k'k Ñf=ke [kkn dk cM+k fgLlk ty lzksrksa dj jgh gSA vxj gj fdlh ds esa cg tkrk gS] tgka og gekjs ey&ew=k ds ikl lhoj dk 'kkSpky; gksxk lkFk feydj iznw"k.k djrk gSA lhoj dks rks gekjs ty lzksrksa dk D;k lkQ djus ds la;a=k rks vkSj cM+k [krjk gks x kkµ ;g ckr ljdkj drbZ cu tk,axsA ;gka ij jksxk.kqvksa dks de ugha lkspuk pkgrhA 'kk;n ek=kk esa os lc ,aVhck;ksfVd feyrs gSa tks blfy, fd fueZy Hkkjr gekjh is'kkc ds jkLrs ogka igqaprs gSaA ifj;kstuk gekjh 'keZ ls mith jksxk.kqvksa dks buls izfrjks/k cukus dk ekSdk gS] gekjs foosd ls ughaA gesa tSlk ;gka feyrk gS oSlk vkSj dgha ugha [kqys esa 'kkSp tkus dh 'keZ rks feyrkA vc ;g ckr lkeus Hkh vkus yxh fn[krh gS ysfdu viuh ufn;ksa gS fd lhoj lkQ djus ds la;a=k egkcyh vkSj rkykcksa dks lhoj cukus esa ;k ckgqcyh jksxk.kq ¼vaxzsth esa ^lqijcx*½ dksbZ 'keZ ugha yxrhA cukus ds dkj[kkus curs tk jgks gSaA bu jksxk.kqvksa ls gksus okys jksx ykbykt gSaA gky gh esa ,slk ,d jksxk.kq feyk gS] ftldk uke ^ubZ fnYyh* j[kk x;kA fQj [kwc fookn gqvkA fookn Hkh uke ij gh gqvk] gekjs vkpj.k ij ughaA ;w j ks i dh blh lhoj ekufldrk dks geus fodkl dh ijkdk"Bk eku fy;k gS A vktdy gekjh ljdkj ns ' k dks [kq y s es a 'kkS p tkus ls eq D r djus dh Hkjld dks f 'k'k dj jgh gS A vxj gj fdlh ds ikl lhoj dk 'kkS p ky; gks x k rks gekjs ty lz k s r ks a dk D;k gks x kµ ;g ckr ljdkj drbZ ugha lks p uk pkgrhA 'kk;n blfy, fd fueZ y Hkkjr ifj;ks t uk gekjh 'keZ ls mith gS ] gekjs foos d ls ugha A ges a [kq y s es a 'kkS p tkus dh 'keZ rks fn[krh gS ys f du viuh ufn;ks a vkS j rkykcks a dks lhoj cukus es a dks b Z 'keZ ugha yxrhA

uoacj&fnlacj 2012

ftu 'kgjksa esa gekjh ljdkjsa cSBrh gSa os 'kgj nwj ds xkaoksa dk LoPN ikuh Nhu ykrs gSaA tks fn[krk ugha gS] mldh fpark Hkh ugha gksrhA ysfdu cs'kehZ rks gekjs 'kgjksa esa tks fn[krk gS mldh Hkh gksrh gSA [kqys esa 'kkSp tkuk 'keZ dk lcc curk gSA 'kgj Hkj dk eSyk unh&rkykc esa ma<+sy nsus esa gesa dksbZ 'keZ ugha vkrhA blesa Hkh 'kks/k vkSj J)k dk QdZ fn[krk gS] eka ds dtZ ds izfrA xaxk dks geus viuh eka ekuk gS ysfdu 'kks/k ls gh mlds ikuh ds ckjs esa tks 100 xaxk dk ty ?kj esa cjlksa lky igys irk pyk Fkk] mlls ge eqag rd j[ks j[kus ls [kjkc D;ksa Qsjs cSBs gSaA xaxk dk ty ?kj esa cjlksa rd ugha gksrkkµ ;s le>us dh j[ks j[kus ls [kjkc D;ksa ugha gksrkµ ;s dksf'k'k lu~ 1896 esa ,d le>us dh dksf'k'k lu~ 1896 esa ,d vaxzst fpfdRld gWucjh vaxzst fpfdRld vusZLV gWucjh gWufdu us gWufdu us dh FkhA os tkuuk dh FkhA os tkuuk pkgrs Fks fd xaxk ty pkgrs Fks fd xaxk ty esa esa gSts ds jksxk.kq rhu ?kaVs esa gh [kRe dSls gSts ds jksxk.kq rhu ?kaVs esa gh gks tkrs gSaA ;s ckr gekjs xkao ds yksx gh [kRe dSls gks tkrs gsaA ;s ckr ugha] bZLV bafM;k daiuh ds dkfjans Hkh gekjs xkao ds yksx gh ugha] tkurs FksA blfy, yanu okil tkrs le; bZLV bafM;k daiuh ds ;s ikuh ds tgkt esa xaxk dk ikuh gh dkfjans Hkh tkurs FksA blfy, j[krs FksA Jh gWucjh ds 'kks/k ls foKku yanu okil tkrs le; ;s dh ,d ubZ foèkk cuhA blls ,sls ok;jl ikuh ds tgkt esa xaxk dh [kkst gqbZ tks cSDVhfj;k dks [kRe djrs dk ikuh gh j[krs FksA gSaA foKku bUgsa ^QSt* ;k ^cSDVhfj;ksQSt* dgrk gSA xaxk ty esa ^QSt* dh ek=kk cgqr vfèkd ikbZ xbZ gSA gekjs iwoZtksa us pkgs 'kks/k u fd;k gks] xaxk ty dk ;s deky rks ns[kk gksxkA blhfy, xaxk ty dks eka ds nw/k dh rjg ns[kk tkrk gSA D;k ekywe blhfy, yksx xaxk ty ykdj vius rkykc vkSj dqavksa esa Mkyrs Fks rkfd xaxk ty dks lkQ j[kus okys ^QSt* muds rkykc vkSj dqavksa esa Hkh QSysa vkSj bl ikuh dks Hkh funksZ"k cuk, j[ksaA ij ftl foKku ds 'kksèk ls xaxk ds ckjs esa gesa ;s tkudkjh feyh gS] mlh foKku us gesa xaxk esa viuk lhoj cgkus dks Hkh jkth dj fy;k gSA ljdkjsa rks blh dks fodkl ekurh gS!

xkaèkh&ekxZ

;s vtc 'kks/k gS tks igys gekjh J)k dks ikVrk gS vkSj fQj gesa crkrk gS fd gekjh J)k dk oSKkfud dkj.k D;k gS! thok.kqvksa ds tks FkksM+s cgqr xq.k gesa irk pys gSa os rc tc geus vius 'kjhj ,aVhck;ksfVd nokvksa ds gokys dj fn, gSaA foKku dh ,d vkSj fo/kk gS tks dgrh gS fd thok.kq vkSj jksxk.kq dh bl yhyk dks feVkus dh dksf'k'k esa ge u, rjg ds jksxksa esa Qal jgs gSA bUgsa ,ythZ dgk tkrk gS vkSj budk ,d :i nek gS] tks gekjs lekt esa vc lc rjQ] gekjs bl 'kjhj dks cukus lc mej ds yksxksa esa c<+ jgk gSA ,slk esa] cuk, j[kus esa djksM+ksa ekuk tkrk gS fd feêh esa iyus&[ksyus okys thok.kqvksa dh lsok yxh gSA cPpksa dks nek gksus dh vk'kadk de gh ysfdu foKku tks gekjk ;s u;k gksrh gS D;ksafd mudk 'kjhj ml feêh ds Lo:i fn[kk jgk gS] og bruk ikl jgrk gS] ftlls ge cus gSaA u;k Hkh ugha gSA dbZ laLÑfr;ksa gekjs bl 'kjhj dks cukus esa] cuk, us bl n'kZu dks vkSj Hkh lqanj j[kus esa djksM+ksa thok.kqvksa dh lsok yxh :i esa le>k gSA og Hkh gtkjksa gSA ysfdu foKku tks gekjk ;s u;k Lo:i cjl igysA ^vkneh* 'kCn cuk fn[kk jgk gS] og bruk u;k Hkh ugha gSA gS iqjkus ;gwnh 'kCn ^vnkek* ls] dbZ laLÑfr;ksa us bl n'kZu dks vkSj Hkh ftldk vFkZ gS feêhA lqanj :i esa le>k gSA og Hkh gtkjksa cjl igysA ^vkneh* 'kCn cuk gS iqjkus ;gwnh 'kCn ^vnkek* ls] ftldk vFkZ gS feêhA vaxzsth dk ^áweu* Hkh ySfVu ds ^áwel* ls cuk gS vkSj bldk Hkh vFkZ feêhA ftl feêh ls ge cus gSa] mlds izfr dsoy 'kksèk dk Hkko j[kuk gekjk mFkykiu gh gksxkA mlesa FkksM+h lh [kkn J)k dh Hkh Mkyuh iM+sxh] fQj lsA ge dHkh u Hkwysa fd ge gSa ekVh ds gh iqrysA

bafM;u ,Dlizsl] vkmVyqd Vªsoyj] rgydk vkSj Mkmu Vw vFkZ vkfn lekpkji=k&if=kdkvksa esa i=kdkj] laiknd tSlh Hkwfedkvksa esa dke dj pqds Jh lksiku tks'kh vc xka/kh 'kkafr izfr"Bku esa ^ty&Fky&ey* fo"k; ij J)k ls 'kks/k dj jgs gSaA

uoacj&fnlacj 2012

,d vPNh pht dk cstk bLrseky lat; ,- iS

;s rks vpkud gh fey xbZ FkhA [kkstchu dqN vkSj gh py jgh Fkh

fd gkFk yx xbZ ,DljsA ns[k dqN vkSj gh jgs Fks fd fey xbZ ,d vn`'; fdj.kA vkSj fQj blus fpfdRlk txr ij ,slk izHkko Mkyk fd mldk o.kZu ugha fd;k tk ldrkA bfrgkl crkrk gS fd lu~ 1895 ds 8 uoacj dks oqtZcxZ fo'ofo|ky; ¼teZuh½ esa HkkSfrdh laLFkku ds funs'kd foygSe dkWujkWM jksaxVsxu dSFkksM uked ,d fdj.k ij dqN iz;ksx dj jgs Fks fd mUgksaus ns[kk dqN pedhyh fdj.kksa dks tks dSFkksM fdj.kksa ls dqN T;knk gh yach FkhaA mUgsa yxk fd muds gkFk dksbZ ubZ fdj.k yx xbZ gSA vxys Ng g¶rksa rd os ,d ikxy dh rjg dke djrs jgs vkSj ml vn`'; fdj.k dks [kkstrs jgsA viuh [kkst dks O;ofLFkr :i nsus ds ckn bl vutku fdj.k dks ysdj mUgksaus blds xq.k/keZ dks ysdj Hkh dqN iz;ksx dj MkysA mUgsa irk pyk fd ;g vn`'; fdj.k vusd /kkrqvksa vkSj vusd phtksa dh ck/kk ikj dj tkrh gSA mUgksaus ;g Hkh ik;k fd ;g fdj.k gekjs 'kjhj dh gfì;ksa dks ikj dj QksVks [khapus okyh IysV~l dks dkyk djrs gq, gfì;ksa dh rLohj Hkh mrkjrh gSA nks eghus dksbZ T;knk ugha gksrs] ysfdu 8 uoacj ds ckn ds nks eghuksa esa bl vn`'; fdj.k us vkus okys nkSj dh fpfdRlk dks cM+s iSekus ij cny nsus dk dke fd;kA Ng tuojh 1896 esa yanu LVSaMMZ us bl [kkst dh [kcj nqfu;k Hkj esa QSykbZ vkSj mlh g¶rs bl [kcj dks i<+ dj jksaxVsxu dks yxHkx ,d gtkj i=k feys FksA vxys ,d eghus ds Hkhrj gh bl vn`'; fdj.k dk mi;ksx esfMdy ,Dljs ds fy, gqvkA

xkaèkh&ekxZ

vkus okys fnuksa esa ,Dljs ds mi;ksx dh tSls gksM+ yx xbZA dqN mi;ksx gqvk] dqN nq#i;ksx c<+k vkSj lkFk gh ml nkSj ds vusd ykyph O;kikfj;ksa us cktkj dks ,slh phtksa ls Hkj fn;k] ftuesa bl peRdkfjd fdj.k dh mifLFkfr crkbZ tkrh FkhA ;g tkudj vpjt gksxk fd dkWQh cukus dh ,Dljs e'khu] ,Dljs ls pyus okyh ?kjsyw pDdh] ,Dljs cSVjh] ,Dljs VkWpZ] ,Dljs xksYQ xsan vkSj rks vkSj flj nnZ nwj djus okyh ,Dljs xksfy;ka Hkh èkM+kèkM+ cktkj esa vk xbZ FkhaA nwljs egk;q) ds ckn ,Dljs dk nwljk vorkj lkeus vk;kµ vYVªklkmaMA bldk fl)kar cgqr ljy FkkA /ofu dh rjaxsa fdlh oLrq ls Vdjkdj okil ykSVrh gSaA okil ykSVh bu rjaxksa ls vkidks Vdjkus okyh oLrq dk vkdkj&izdkj vkSj nwjh Hkh irk py ldrh gSA izÑfr esa ;g dksbZ ubZ vusd ykyph O;kikfj;ksa us ckr ugha gSA pexknM+sa mM+rs le; viuk cktkj dks ,slh phtksa ls Hkj jkLrk [kkstus ds fy, bUgha /ofu rjaxksa dk fn;k] ftuesa bl peRdkfjd lgkjk ysrh gaSA ysfdu euq"; ds fy, ;g fdj.k dh mifLFkfr crkbZ tkrh ,d cM+k dne FkkA FkhA ;g tkudj vpjt gksxk bu /ofu rjaxksa us vkus okys nkSj esa fd dkWQh cukus dh ,Dljs fpfdRlk txr esa ,Dljs dh rjg gh Hkkjh e'khu] ,Dljs ls pyus okyh gypy epkbZA fQj blds nq#i;ksx us rks ?kjsyw pDdh] ,Dljs cSVjh] fpfdRlk ds cgkus lekt dks Hkh rgl&ugl ,Dljs VkWpZ] ,Dljs xksYQ xsan djuk 'kq: dj fn;kA vYVªklkmaM dk vkSj rks vkSj flj nnZ nwj djus mi;ksx izlo ls igys xHkZLFk f'k'kq dk okyh ,Dljs xksfy;ka Hkh èkM+kèkM+ fyax tkuus ds fy, gksus yxkA yM+ds dh cktkj esa vk xbZ FkhaA ykyp us ekrk&firk] ifjokj] MkDVj] e'khu vkSj vLirkyksa dks ,d:i dj fn;kA dbZ lkyks a rd ,d vPNh pht dk cs t k bLrseky lekt dks cgqr Hkkjh iM+kA bldk nq#i;ksx vui<+ crk, x, lekt ls dgha T;knk i<+s&fy[ks 'kgjh lekt us fd;kA l`f"V pykus ds fy, izÑfr us L=kh&iq#"k dks tks leku ntkZ fn;k Fkk] bl vYVªklkmaM us mls mYVk&iqyVk djuk izkjaHk fd;kA iatkc] gfj;k.kk vkSj bu nksuksa jkT;ksa dh jkt/kkuh paMhx<+ dk fp=k crkrk gS fd ,d vPNh pht dk dSlk nq#i;ksx fd;k tk ldrk gSA izfr O;fDr vkenuh vkSj lk{kjrk ds vkadM+ksa esa vxz.kh dgk tkus okyk ;g bykdk L=kh&iq#"k ds vuqikr esa Hk;kud :i ls

uoacj&fnlacj 2012

fiNM+k lkfcr gksrk gSA ?kj esa dU;k ugha pkfg, ysfdu fQj toku csVs ds fy, vkn'kZ cgq rks ykuh gh gSA blus bl bykds esa ,d nwljh Hk;kud leL;k dks tUe fn;k gSA ;gka ds vusd ifjokj vc fookg ds fy, nwljs jkT;ksa dh rjQ ns[krs gSaA ljdkj us vYVªklkmaM ds nq#i;ksx ds f[kykQ vc l[r dkuwu cuk, gSaA larku dk fyax crkuk vc naMuh; vijk/k ?kksf"kr gqvk gSA ?kj esa dU;k ugha pkfg, bu vPNh phtksa ds cstk bLrseky dh leL;k ;gha [kre ugha gksrhA ,Dljs ds ysfdu fQj toku csVs ds fy, vkn'kZ cgq rks ykuh gh gSA izkjafHkd nkSj esa ,Dljs e'khuksa ij dke djus okys MkWDVjksa vkSj muds lgk;dksa ij [krjk blus bl bykds esa ,d nwljh Hk;kud leL;k dks tUe eaMjkrk FkkA mUgsa bl vn`'; fdj.k dh [kqjkd T;knk fey tkus ij Hkkjh dher fn;k gSA ;gka ds vusd ifjokj vc fookg ds fy, nwljs pqdkuh iM+rh FkhA fQj ckn esa ,sls fcYys cu jkT;ksa dh rjQ ns[krs gSaA x,] ftUgsa ,Dljs e'khu ij dke djus okys ljdkj us vYVªklkmaM ds yksx igu ysrs Fks vkSj mlesa cnyus okys jaxksa ls fdj.kksa dh ek=kk dk irk pyus yxk FkkA nq#i;ksx ds f[kykQ vc l[r dkuwu cuk, gSaA larku dk MkWDVj dk ladV de gqvk ysfdu vc jksfx;ksa fyax crkuk vc naMuh; ij vkus okyk ladV c<+ pyk gSA cktkj dh vijkèk ?kksf"kr gqvk gSA ykyp us NksVs&cM+s reke 'kgjksa esa txg&txg <sj lkjs ,Dljs vkSj vYVªklkmaM Dyhfud [kksy fn, gSaA buesa t:jh vkSj xSj&t:jh tkapsa gksrh jgrh gSa] fcuk ;g tkus fd ;s vn`'; rjaxsa 'kjhj ij dSlk vlj NksM+rh gSaA bu rjaxksa ds laidZ esa T;knk vkus ls dSalj tSls jksx gksrs gSaA blfy, ,Dljs dks nks/kkjh ryokj Hkh dgk gSA [kwc ykHk vkSj [kwc gkfu HkhA ^n U;w baXySaM tujy vkWQ esfMlhu* uked ,d if=kdk us vius laikndh; esa crk;k gS fd 1992 ls vc rd ,Dljs dk mi;ksx djus okyh LdSu e'khuksa dh la[;k ¼lhVh LdSu½ dksbZ pkj xquk c<+ xbZ gSA dSalj ftu dkj.kksa ls gksrk gS] muesa nks izfr'kr u, jksxh bu fdj.kksa ds cstk bLrseky ls c<+ pys gSaA jksxh ds 'kjhj esa bu fdj.kksa ds nq"izHkko dh tkudkjh cgqr yacs le; ckn irk pyrh gSA blfy, bl fo"k; esa Bhd ls tkap&iM+rky djus ds fy, MkWDVj Hkh vklkuh ls rS;kj ugha gksrsA

xkaèkh&ekxZ

fpfdRlk vc dsoy jksxksa ds bykt dk is'kk ugha cpk gSA vc ;g ckdk;nk ,d cM+k /ka/kk Hkh cu x;k gSA NksVs&cM+s futh vLirkykas dh jkst&jkst c<+rh la[;k vkSj bUgha ds lkFk c<+rs ,Dljs] vYVªklkmaM Dyhfud vkSj blesa dksbZ 'kd ugha fd best lsaVj ;gh rks crkrs gSaA vxj lHkh ,Dljs dh [kkst us fpfdRlk ekeyksa esa O;kikj vkSj ykyp u Hkh ns[kk dk psgjk fcydqy cny tk, rks izk;% MkWDVj Bhd ifj.kke u vkus fn;k FkkA fQj ,Dljs ij] larks"ktud rLohj u fn[kus ij] jksxh ifjokj esa tqM+rh xbZ ubZ ds fgr esa gh lgh] dbZ ckj nksckjk] [kkstksa usµ vYVªklkmaM] lhVh frckjk Hkh e'khu dk mi;ksx djrs gSa vkSj Ldsu] ,e vkj vkbZ bl lcdk vafre nq"ifj.kke jksxh dks gh vkfn us bl n`'; dks vkSj Hkqxruk gksrk gSA Hkh rsth ls cnyk gSA ysfdu blesa dksbZ 'kd ugha fd ,Dljs dh bu lcds lkFk dbZ ubZ [kkst us fpfdRlk dk psgjk fcYdqy cny leL;k,a Hkh vkbZa gSaA fn;k FkkA fQj ,Dljs ifjokj esa tqM+rh xbZ [kkstksa usµ vYVªklkmaM] lhVh Ldsu] ,e vkj vkbZ vkfn us bl n`'; dks vkSj Hkh rsth ls cnyk gSA ysfdu bu lcds lkFk dbZ ubZ leL;k,a Hkh vkbZa gSaA ge mUgsa laHkkyus dh dksf'k'k Hkh dj jgs gSaA ysfdu iDds rkSj ij ;g ugha dgk tk ldrk fd gekjh bu dksf'k'kksa dk dqN Bhd urhtk fudy ik,xkA bykt dh nqfu;k esa vPNh phtksa dk cstk bLrseky yk&bykt ugha gksuk pkfg,A

ys[kd Jh lat; ,- iS cSaxyksj esa ltZjhdy iSFkykWftLV gSa vkSj fpfdRlk ds bfrgkl esa fo'ks"k #fp j[krs gSaA iq.ks ls izdkf'kr ,tsaMk uked if=kdk ds chlosa vad ls lkHkkjA vaxzsth ls fgUnh vuqie feJ }kjkA

uoacj&fnlacj 2012

ykiksfM+;k xkao% [kcjksa esa ugha cgk y{e.kflag [kaxkjksr

gekjs ;gka rc rd ikuh fxjk ugha FkkA vxLr dk igyk g¶rk chr

x;k FkkA vklikl] nwj&nwj lw[kk gh lw[kk FkkA lw[kk jkgr dk dke Hkh 'kq# gks jgk Fkk fd vxys fnu cjlkr vk xbZA lkr vxLr 2012 rd lw[kkA vkSj ;s yks HkbZ vkB vxLr ls jktLFkku esa jkt/kkuh t;iqj lesr nwj&nwj ck<+ vk xbZA ck<+ jkgr dh ekax mBus yxh vkSj og dke Hkh 'kq: gks x;k! cjlkr ugha rks jkgr] cjlkr iM+s rks jkgrA cspkjs bUnz Hkxoku Hkh gSjr esa gksxa s fd bu yksxksa ij o"kkZ d:a ;k ughaA gesa 'kk;n o"kkZ ds nsork dh t:jr ugha gSA vc rks ge cl jkgr ds nsork dh iwtk djrs gSAa lekt Hkh vkSj ljdkj Hkh jkgr dks ,d vfuok;Z fLFkfr dh rjg ekuus&cukus esa tqV x, gSAa blls oksV dh jktuhfr 'kk;n dqN etcwr gks tk, ij varr% lekt rks detksj ls detksj gksdj VwVxs k ghA jktLFkku esa ;ksa Hkh ns'k ds vU; dbZ jkT;ksa ds eqdkcys ikuh FkksM+k de gh fxjrk gSA vdky pkgs tc vkrs gSAa fiNys ckjg lky esa gekjs bykds esa gqbZ o"kkZ dks ns[ksa rks fp=k lkQ gks tk,xkA lu~ 2001 ls 2009 rd dks ns[ksAa lu~ 2001 ls 2002 rd vdky FkkA fQj FkksM+k ikuh t:j fxjk ij lu~ 2004 ls 2009 rd fQj vdky pyk FkkA jktLFkku vdky ds bu o"kks± esa yxHkx VwV x;k FkkA ij bl cqjs nkSj esa Hkh t;iqj ftys dh nwnw rglhy vkSj ekyiqjk rglhy ds dksbZ ipkl xkao gekjs vius xkao ykiksfM+;k ds lkFk flj mBk, [kM+s jgsA ;s VwVs ugha FksA ml nkSj esa u rks ge vdky esa rM+is vkSj u vkt lu~ 2012 esa vkbZ ck<+ esa MwcAs t;iqj MwckA ns'k Hkj ds lHkh Vsfyfotuksa us mls cgrs gq, fn[kk;kA ij ykiksfM+;k vkSj ml tSlk vPNk dke dj pqds xkaoksa esa ,slk dqN ugha gqvkA ge [kcjksa esa ugha vk,µ bls ge viuk lkSHkkX; ekurs gSAa mruh

xkaèkh&ekxZ

o"kkZ ml fnu gekjs xkaoksa esa Hkh rks gqbZ FkhA ij ge cgs ughaA vc rks ekulwu ykSV x;k gSA nhikoyh vk jgh gSA ij ;fn ykSVrs&ykSVrs Hkh ekulwu ,d ckj mruk gh ikuh vkSj fxjk tkrk] rc Hkh ge cgrs ugha] Mwcrs ughaA ogh /kjrh] ogh vkdk'k] ogh o"kkZA rc ,slk D;k varj gS fd gekjs bykds esa t;iqj Mwcrk gS] vkSj xkao Mwcrs gS]a lM+das VwVrh gS]a iqfy;k] iqy m[kM+ tkrs gSa ij gekjs ;gka ,slk dqN ugha gksrk\ varj cl bruk gh gS fd gekjk xkao de ls de ikuh ds ekeys esa viuh ;kstuk [kqn gh cukrk gSA og banz nsork ds vkxeu ls igys muds Lokxr dh rS;kjh cM+s vknj ls djrk gSA gekjs xkao esa rhu rkykc gSAa nks FkksM+s NksV]s xkao ds gh Hkhrj vkSj fQj ,d cgqr gh cM+k rkykc gekjs i'kq rjg&rjg dh xkao vkSj [ksrksa ds chp FkksM+k ckgj dh vksjA ?kkl vkSj lkFk gh xkspj esa mxh rjg&rjg dh tM+h&cwfV;ksa ,d ukM+h Hkh gSA rhu/kke ukM+hA ;kuh NksVk rkykcA fQj ,d cgqr cM+k xkspj Hkh gS xkao dk lsou djrs gSa] mudk dkA o"kkZ de gks ;k T;knk gksµ xkao bu LokLF; vPNk jgrk gSA os rkykcks]a ukM+h vkSj xkspj ij banz nsork ds T;knk Lokfn"V vkSj ikSf"Vd nwèk gesa nsrs gSaA bl bykds ls vkxeu dh cM+h ckjhdh ls rS;kjh djrk gSA bls FkksM+k foLrkj ls le>sAa ugha rks tks nw/k feyrk gS mldh vki vius xkao esa bls dSls dj ik,ax\s iz'kalk t;iqj Msjh m|ksx us gekjs bykds ds izk;% lHkh xkaoksa esa Hkh dh gSA vklikl tc xkspj dh tehu cgqr gksrh gSA dgha&dgha ,d vdky iM+k Fkk ;k ck<+ vkbZ Fkh rc Hkh gekjs NksVs&ls xkao gtkj ch?kk dk xkspj Hkh feysxkA gekjs xkao esa xkspj pkj lkS ch?kk esa ykiksfM+;k us vius ?kj ifjokj QSyk gSA vius bykds vkSj ns'k ds lSdM+k]as esa vPNs ls nw/k&ngh vkSj gtkjksa xkao dh rjg gekjk ;g xkspj Hkh dqN eD[ku [kkus ds ckn vkSlr 50 yk[k #i, dk nw/k t;iqj lky igys fcYdqy mtkM+ iM+k FkkA ;gka&ogka vkSj txgksa dh rjg NksV&s cM+s dCts Hkh gks x, Msjh dks fn;k gSA FksA ysfdu fQj dksbZ 12&15 lky igys ykiksfM+;k xkao dks vius iSjksa ij [kM+s gksus dh ,d bPNk txhA lcdks le>k&cq>kdj dCts gVk, x,A VwV&s QwVs vkSj mnkl iM+s rkykcksa dks Hkh fey&tqydj Bhd fd;kA rHkh yxk fd catj iM+s brus fo'kky xkspj dk D;k fd;k tk,A bls xkao ds fy, fQj ls dSls gjk&Hkjk cuk,aA rc gesa ;g lw>k fd bl fo'kky xkspj esa dksbZ ,d fcÙkk maps pkSds cukdj mu D;kfj;ksa esa banz nsork dk Lokxr djuk pkfg,A tks ikuh fxjrs gh

uoacj&fnlacj 2012

gekjs ns[krs&ns[krs fo'kky xkspj ls cgdj cokZn gks tkrk gS ;k ck<+ okys ikuh esa feydj ck<+ dh rkdr c<+krk gSµ ml ikuh dks bu pkSdksa esa jksddj èkhjs&èkhjs xkspj dh tehu esa Hkwty dks c<+kuk pkfg,A ;fn ,slk dj lds rks xkao dks vius i'kqvksa ds fy, bldh ueh ls <sj lkjh ?kkl vkSj vufxur isM+ ikS/ks Hkh fey ldsxa As Hkwty le`) gksus ls gekjs xkao ds lw[ks iM+s yxHkx 100 dq,a Hkh yckyc Hkjus yxsxa As ge NksV&s NksVs yksxksa us tSlh NksVh&NksVh ;kstuk,a cukb±] gekjs cM+s nsork banz us mudks vPNh rjg ls Lohdkj dj fy;kA vkSj gesa tks izlkn ckaVk gS mldk ge Bhd&Bhd o.kZu Hkh vkids lkeus ugha dj ik,axsA ge NksVs&NksVs yksxksa us vc gekjs xkao esa [kwc vPNh cjlkr tSlh NksVh&NksVh ;kstuk,a vk,] rks vkuan vkrk gS] ck<+ ugha vkrhA cukb±] gekjs cM+s nsork ikuh rkykcksa esa Hkjrk gS] fo'kky xkspj esa banz us mudks vPNh rjg ls FkksM+h nsj foJke djrk gS] /kjrh ds uhps Lohdkj dj fy;kA vkSj gesa mrjrk gSA uhps ls /khjs&/khjs f>jrs gq, xkao tks izlkn ckaVk gS mldk ge ds dqv a ksa esa mrjrk gSA ;s dq,a cLrh esa cus gSa Bhd&Bhd o.kZu Hkh vkids vkSj nwj&nwj [ksrksa esa HkhA lkeus ugha dj ik,axsA bu lc dksf'k'kksa dk urhtk gS fd rst ls rst o"kkZ Hkh gekjs xkao ykiksfM+;k esa vkdj vkjke djrh gSA /kjrh ds uhps] èkjrh ds Åij lc txg /khjs&/khjs Hkjrh gS vkSj fQj ;fn vxys lky fdlh dkj.k cjlkr de gks] vdky tSlh ifjfLFkfr;ka gksa rks Hkh og ;gka eglwl ugha gksrhA igys gesa yxrk Fkk fd gekjk cM+k rkykc gekjs iqj[kksa us dqN T;knk cM+k cuk fn;k gSA ;gka dh vkSlr cjlkr esa ;g dHkh iwjk ugha Hkj ikrkA ysfdu iqj[kksa us bls 10&12 o"kZ esa ,d ckj vkus okyh Hkkjh o"kkZ dks laHkkyus ds fy, cuk;k FkkA bl rjg ns[ksa rks gekjs xkao dh ;g iqjkuh ekuh xbZ O;oLFkk ,dne vkèkqfud gSA blesa ^eujsxk*] lw[kk jkgr] ck<+ jkgr] y?kq flapkbZ ea=kky; tSlh djksM+kas #i;ksa dh ;kstuk fcuk iSlk [kpZ fd, lek tkrh gSAa xkspj dk izlkn Hkh o.kZu ls ijs gSA fo'kky xkspj esa pkSdfM+;ka cukdj tks ueh jksdh xbZ gS mlls izÑfr us vla[; isM+&ikS/ks [kqn gh yxkdj c<+k fy, gSAa u tkus fdruh rjg dh ?kkl] vyx&vyx i'kq&if{k;ksa ds Lokn vkSj mi;ksx dks ns[kdj fudy vk;h gSAa vc gekjs i'kq rjg&rjg dh ?kkl vkSj lkFk gh xkspj esa mxh rjg&rjg dh tM+h&cwfV;ksa dk lsou djrs gS]a mudk LokLF; vPNk

xkaèkh&ekxZ

jgrk gSA os T;knk Lokfn"V vkSj ikSf"Vd nw/k gesa nsrs gSAa bl bykds ls tks nwèk feyrk gS mldh iz'kalk t;iqj Msjh m|ksx us Hkh dh gSA vklikl tc vdky iM+k Fkk ;k ck<+ vkbZ Fkh rc Hkh gekjs NksV&s ls xkao ykiksfM+;k us vius ?kj ifjokj esa vPNs ls nw/k&ngh vkSj eD[ku [kkus ckn vkSlr 50 yk[k #i, dk nw/k t;iqj Msjh dks fn;k gSA xkspj esa iuih ?kkl vkSj isM+kas ds chtksa dk laxgz gksrk gSA mu chtksa dh iksVfy;ka vkSj ikS/ks vklikl ds 50 xkao es]a [ksrksa ij] ?kjksa es]a rkykcksa ds fdukjs vkSj xkspjksa esa yxk, tkrs gSAa ;s lkjs dke dc vkSj dSls iaiUu gksrs gj lky nsomBuh ;k gS\a gj lky nsomBuh ;k vuiwNh X;kjl dks vuiwNh X;kjl dks gekjk gekjk xkao ,d cM+h in;k=kk fudkyrk gSA xkao ,d cM+h in;k=kk bls /kjrh tru ;k=kk dgrs gSAa gj lky fudkyrk gSA bls /kjrh tru blesa u,&u, xkao vius vki tqM+rs tkrs gSAa ;k=kk dgrs gSaA gj lky blesa yksx vius [ksrksa ls vukt ykrs gS]a dksbZ nwèk u,&u, xkao vius vki tqM+rs ykrk gS] dksbZ ?khA lc feydj Hkkst cukrs tkrs gSaA yksx vius [ksrksa ls gSAa ;s lc dke gekjh laLFkk xzke fodkl vukt ykrs gSa] dksbZ nw/k ykrk uo;qod eaMy us fd, gSAa gS] dksbZ ?khA lc feydj Hkkst vius xkao dks cpkus dk ;g ljy dke cukrs gSaA ;s lc dke gekjh dHkh&dHkh jktuhfr okys cgqr dfBu Hkh cuk laLFkk xzke fodkl uo;qod nsrs gSAa geus ;s vPNs dke dbZ ckj vfèkdkfj;ksa eaMy us fd, gSaA vkSj usrkvksa ds gkFkksa viekfur gksus ds ckn Hkh tkjh j[ks gSAa xkao us fey&tqydj lcdks le>k&cq>kdj lkjs vfrØe.k gVk, Fks] rks vkt 25 lky ckn dqN usrkvksa dh 'kg ls fQj ls bDds&nqDds vfrØe.k gq, gSAa bl ckr ls gesa ihM+k t:jh gksrh gS] ysfdu ge fujk'k ugha gSAa ge lcus feydj tks NksV&s NksV]s vPNs&vPNs dke fd, gS]a muls bruk rks lkfcr gqvk gh gS fd ge vdky vkSj ck<+ ls Åij mB lds gSAa vU; dbZ ;qodksa dh rjg vius mtM+s xkao ls iyk;u dj nwljs 'kgjksa esa thfodk ryk'krs gq, Jh y{e.kflag dks okil xkao ykSV dj mls gh laokjus dh izsj.kk feyhA mls mUgksaus ^xzke fodkl uo;qod eaMy* cukdj laokj fy;k gSA

uoacj&fnlacj 2012

dqN ,slh rku lqukus okyk dfo Hkokuhizlkn feJ

ckyÑ".k 'kekZ ^uohu* dk uke eu esa vkrs gh vka[kksa ds lkeus

,d rjk'ks gq, vkneh dk fp=k f[kap tkrk gSA Ng QqV yack] O;k;ke ls lèkk;k&rik;k cfy"B 'kjhj] fo'kky o{kLFky] o`"kHkLda/k] nh?kZckgq] dqN ykyh fy, gq, fpV~Bk jax] mUur Hkky] uqdhyh ukfldk] cM+h vkSj iSuh vka[ksa] f[kaps gq, gksaB vkSj rst;qDr izHkko'kkyh eq[keaMy! mudks ns[kdj yxrk Fkk tSls fdlh ewfrZdkj us viuh lkjh dYiuk lesVdj ,d ewfrZ x<+uk r; fd;k gksA lkfgR;&txr esa gh ugha] dgha Hkh muds leku fiz;n'kZu O;fDr feyuk ljy ugha FkkA lu~ 1933 dh ?kVuk gSA iz;kx esa f}osnh esyk euk;k tk jgk FkkA mlesa dfo&njckj dk Hkh vk;kstu fd;k x;kA iar] fujkyk] rFkk ûohu* th dh Hkwfedkvksa ds fy, O;fDr;ksa dh vko';drk iM+hA iar vkSj ^fujkyk* ds fy, rks okafNr O;fDr fey x, ysfdu ûohu* ds fy, dksbZ mi;qDr ik=k ugha feykA dksbZ 'kjhj ls rks dksbZ Loj ls v;ksX; yxrkA la;kstd dgrs] ;s uohu cusaxs\ uohu cuus ds fy, pkfg, o`"kHkLda/k] dsfgj&/ofu] cyfuf/k] ckgq fo'kkyA var esa fujk'k gksdj ûohu* th dh Hkwfedk NksM+ nsuh iM+hA lkQ /kqyk [kíj dk dqrkZ&iktkek igus] flj ij frjNh Vksih fn,] dHkh fdlh lekt esa igqap tkrs rks cM+s ls cM+k vkneh NksVk yxus yxrk FkkA muds vklikl galh vkSj mYykl dh rks tSls cjlkr gh gksrh jgrh FkhA vkReh;rk ,slh fd igyh ckj feydj gh eq>s yxk fd ûohu* th us eq>s u, vkneh dh rjg xzg.k ugha fd;k gSA muesa fujFkZd O;ogkj&dq'kyrk vkSj cukoVh fouezrk ugha FkhA lcls LokHkkfod] vkReh; Hkko ls feyrs FksA muds fy, dksbZ Hkh vfo'oluh; ugha FkkA dgrs gSa] dHkh xqLls esa vk tkrs rks lkjk 'kjhj dkaius yxrk] psgjk rerek tkrk] vka[ksa ty mBrha( fdarq mudk ;g jkSnz 'kadjh :i fojy FkkA eq>s mls ns[kus dk HkkX; ugha feykA

xkaèkh&ekxZ

thou mudk la?k"kks± dh ,d dgkuh gSA 'kk;n ftl fnu ls vk,] vius pys tkus rd os Hkhrj&ckgj tw>rs gh jgsA 8 fnlacj] lu~ 1897 ds e/; Hkkjr ds 'kktkiqj ijxus ds fe;kuk xkao esa ,d vR;ar nfjnz Hkxon~&HkDr oS".ko&czkã.k tequknkl ds ?kj iSnk gq,A ûohu* th us fy[kk gS] ßesjh ekrk dgk djrh gSa fd xk;ksa ds cka/kus ds ckM+s esa vius jke us tUe fy;k FkkA esjs firk cgqr xjhc FksA vr% tUe ds le; flok Fkkyh 'kkys; i<+kbZ&fy[kkbZ dks ctus ds vkSj dqN èkweèkke ugha gqbZAÞ ûohu* th us dHkh dqN cpiu vkfFkZd vHkko ,oa foiUurk esa fxuk ughaA i<+us esa chrkA 11 o"kZ dh voLFkk rd i<+kbZ dk dksbZ os fo'ks"k ;ksX; ugha FksA Bhd izc/a k u gks ldkA firk mu fnuksa ukFk}kjk ysfdu lkfgR;] lekt vkSj esa FksA eka 'kktkiqj esa vukt ihldj dqN iSls jktuhfr ds [kqys vkleku dek ysrh FkhaA ßiSjksa esa twrs iguuk ,d ds uhps vkdj [kM+s gks ikus vkjkerych le>h tkrh Fkh] blfy, cank dk dksbZ volj mUgksaus dHkh uaxs iSjksa jgrk FkkA --- iScan yxs diM+s iguuk gkFk ls ugha tkus fn;kA vkSj lky esa flQZ nks /kksfr;ksa ij xqtj djuk ,d ekewyh vkSj fcydqy LokHkkfod ckr FkhAÞ fdrkcsa nwljksa ls ekaxdj i<+uh iM+rh FkhaA mUgksaus 'kktkiqj ls fefMy Ldwy dh ijh{kk mÙkh.kZ dhA vkSj pwafd vkxs i<+uk pkgrs Fks] os mTtSu pys x,A ogka gkbZ Ldwy dh ijh{kk ikl dhA 'kktkiqj esa mUgksaus vk;Z lekt lHkk dk lewpk iqLrdky; pkV Mkyk Fkk] vo'; gh ,d u, lkekftd vkn'kZ us muds fd'kksj eu dks O;kdqy fd;k gksxkA ;gka mTtSu esa rRdkyhu jktuhfrd vkSj lkfgfR;d gypyksa dk laLi'kZ mUgsa gqvkA 'kkys; i<+kbZ&fy[kkbZ dks ûohu* th us dHkh dqN fxuk ughaA i<+us esa os fo'ks"k ;ksX; ugha FksA ysfdu lkfgR;] lekt vkSj jktuhfr ds [kqys vkleku ds uhps vkdj [kM+s gks ikus dk dksbZ volj mUgksaus dHkh gkFk ls ugha tkus fn;kA ,d fnu mUgksaus lekpkj i=k esa yksdekU; fryd dk og Hkk"k.k i<+k ftlesa ns'k dh turk dks fnlacj 1916 dh y[kuÅ dkaxzsl esa lfEefyr gksus dk fuea=k.k fn;k x;k FkkA fryd ckyÑ".k ds ân;&lezkV FksA mUgksaus y[kuÅ tkuk r; dj fy;kA tSls&rSls mUgksaus dqN iSls tqVk fy, vkSj uaxs iSj da/ks ij dacy] gkFk esa ykBh ysdj y[kuÅ py fn,A y[kuÅ dk uke&Hkj lquk Fkk( u fdlh ls tku&igpku Fkh( u ,sls ;k=kk&iVq gh Fks fd vutkuh txg dks dqN u fxurs( xkM+h esa gh ,d egkjk"Vªh; lTtu ls mudk ifjp; gks x;k

uoacj&fnlacj 2012

vkSj mUgha ds lkFk os ,d txg Bgj x,A lqcg ogha mudk ek[kuyky prqosZnh ls Hkh ifjp; gqvkA ;g ifjp; 'kh?kz gh ?kfu"Brk esa ifj.kr gks x;kA Jh ek[kuyky prqosZnh ds gh ek/;e ls mudk Jh x.ks'k 'kadj fo|kFkhZ rFkk eSfFkyh'kj.k th xqIr ls Hkh ifjp; gqvkA fugk;r nqcys&irys] p'ek yxk, rstLoh uo;qod dks ns[kdj ckyÑ".k dks cM+k vk'p;Z gqvk] D;ksafd muds dkYifud fp=k ls x.ks'kth dk ;g okLrfod fp=k fcydqy Hkh esy ugha j[krk FkkA ûohu* th dkaxzsl ns[kus vk, FksA fdUrq cM+k iz;Ru djus ij Hkh mUgsa igys fnu dkaxzsl ns[kus ds fy, fVdV izkIr u gks ldkA rks Hkh u mUgksaus nq[k ekuk vkSj u fujk'k gq,A ckgj }kj ij [kM+s&[kM+s vfèkos'ku dh ftruh >yfd;ka ys ldrs Fks] ysrs jgsA igys fnu dk vf/kos'ku lekIr gqvk vkSj yksdekU; fryd fugk;r nqcys&irys] ckgj fudysA ûohu* th HkhM+ phjrs gq,] p'ek yxk, rstLoh vka[kksa esa vkalw Hkjs yksdekU; ds fudV igqap uo;qod dks ns[kdj ckyÑ".k x,A muds pj.k Li'kZ fd, vkSj le>k fd dks cM+k vk'p;Z gqvk] y[kuÅ vkuk lQy gks x;kA fo|kFkhZth dks D;ksafd muds dkYifud fp=k bl ?kVuk dk irk pyk rks mUgksaus uohu ds ls x.ks'kth dk ;g okLrfod fy, ,d fVdV dk izca/k dj fn;kA fp=k fcydqy Hkh esy ûohu* th dh y[kuÅ ;k=kk vusd ugha j[krk FkkA n`f"V;ksa ls egRoiw.kZ fl) gqbAZ muds okLrfod thou dk vkjaHk gh ;gha ls le>uk pkfg,A x.ks'k'kadj fo|kFkhZ dk laidZ gksuk ûohu* th ds thou dh lokZf/kd egRoiw.kZ ?kVuk gSA ;gh og èkqjh gS] ckn esa ftl ij ûohu* dk O;fDrxr] lkfgfR;d vkSj jktuhfrd thou ?kwerk jgkA y[kuÅ ls mTtSu okil vkdj ckyÑ".k us eSfVªd ijh{kk mÙkh.kZ dhA vkxs i<+us dh bPNk rks cgqr Fkh fdarq dksbZ mik; fn[kkbZ ugha nsrk FkkA lksprs&lksprs ckyÑ".k dks yxk] D;ksa u dkuiqj fo|kFkhZth ds ikl pyk tkÅaA os tSlk dgsaxs oSlk d:axkA mUgksaus dkuiqj tkus dh viuh ;g bPNk tc eka ij izdV dh rks eka us dgk] ß csVk] ge yksx ,sls dgka gSa fd rq>s dkuiqj Hkst dj i<+k ldsaA rwus dkQh i<+ fy;k gS] ;gha Hkxoku dh >kjh HkjA izHkq tks dqN :[kk&lw[kk nsaxs] mlesa larks"k ekudj ge mudk gh Hktu djsaxs csVkAÞ ckyÑ".k dk Hkfo";nz"Vk] LoIu'khy eu eka dh bl foospuk ls fujk'k ugha gqvkA mUgksaus dgk] ßHkxoku dh >kjh rw Hkj( vkSj eq>s Hkkjr ekrk dh >kjh

xkaèkh&ekxZ

Hkjus ds fy, eqDr dj nsAÞ x.ks'kth us ckyÑ".k dks LFkkuh; ØkbLV ppZ dkWyst esa izos'k fnyk fn;k vkSj chl #i, ekfld dh ,d V~;w'ku dk izca/k Hkh dj fn;kA ûohu* th i<+rs&i<+krs vkSj x.ks'kth ds izfl) i=k îzrki* esa dke Hkh djrsA bl izdkj x.ks'kth ds laj{k.k esa ûohu* th dk jktuhfrd vkSj lkoZtfud thou vkjaHk gks x;kA bl dky esa ûohu* th us jktuhfr] bfrgkl] n'kZu] /keZ rFkk laLÑr] vaxzsth vkSj fganh lkfgR; dk [kkl v/;;u fd;kA FkksM+s gh le; esa dkuiqj ds lkfgfR;d vkSj jktuhfrd {ks=k esa ûohu* th us viuk egRoiw.kZ LFkku cuk fy;kA dkuiqj ds etnwj vkanksyu esa Hkh mUgksaus lfØ; Hkkx fy;kA ,d dfo ds :i esa Hkh os tYnh i;kZIr izfl) gks x,A mu fnuksa mudh ^dfo dqN ,slh rku lqukvks* dfork turk dk daBgkj cuh gqbZ FkhA fy[kus&fy[kkus dk flyflyk rsth ls py jgk Fkk] exj ^xka/kh ckck dh vka/kh py iM+h* vkSj la;qDr izns'k ls lR;kxzfg;ksa dk tks igyk tRFkk r; gqvk mlesa ckyÑ".k 'kekZ ûohu* dk uke ekStwn FkkA ØkbLV ppZ dkWyst NksM+ fn;kA lR;kxzg vkanksyu esa Hkkx ysus ij mUgsa lu~ 1921 esa igyh ckj Ms<+ o"kZ dh ltk nh xbZA mUgsa cny&cnydj dbZ tsyksa esa Hkstk x;k] bl tsy&;k=kk ds ifj.kkeLo:i ûohu* th ia- tokgjyky usg:] vkpk;Z Ñiykuh] jktf"kZ iq#"kksÙke nkl VaMu vkfn ns'k ds 'kh"kZ:i usrkvksa ds laidZ esa vk,A ûohu* th dks Ng ckj tsy ;k=kk djuh iM+hA yxHkx ukS o"kks± dk le; mUgksaus tsy[kkuksa esa fcrk;kA tsy[kkuk jktuSfrd dSnh dk fo'ofo|ky; gh lef>,A cs'kd y[kuÅ tsy ,slk gh fl) gqvkA ;gka iafMr tokgjyky usg: ls mUgksaus vaxszth vkSj Hkwfefr i<+hA vkSj ûohu* th us tokgjyky dks dok;n fl[kkbZA ^mfeZyk* egkdkO; dk izFke lxZ] mudh izFke tsy;k=kk ds le; gh fy[kk x;k FkkA vkSj lu~ 1932 ds <kbZ o"kZ ds dkjkokl&dky esa bldh lekfIr gqbZ FkhA mudh jpukvksa ij nh gqbZ frfFk;ksa ,oa LFkkuksa ls Kkr gksrk gS fd mudh vf/kdka'k dfork,a tsy[kkus dh pgkjnhokjh esa cSBdj gh fy[kh xbZ gSaA ckgj vkdj rks mUgsa jktuhfrd gypy vkSj îzrki* ds laiknu ls gh vodk'k ugha fey ikrk Fkk vkSj ;g rks r; gh gS fd vkSj pkgs tks dke Hkkx&nkSM+ esa gks tk,] dfork Hkkx&nkSM+ dh pht ugha gSA mls rks vkyL; ls Hkh dqN vfèkd ykijokgh dj ldus dh lqfo/kk pkfg,A

uoacj&fnlacj 2012

fo|kFkhZ th dh e`R;q ds ckn mudk Lekjd cukus dh n`f"V ls ,d fufèk laxzg lfefr Hkh cuh vkSj mldh yxHkx lkjh ftEesnkjh ûohu* th ij Mkyh xbZA ^gfjtu lsod* esa Lo;a xka/khth us yksxksa dks fuf/k esa jde Hkstus dk vkàku djrs vk'oLr Hkko ls dgk] ßftl laink dk laj{kd ckyÑ".k gks] mlds ckjs esa lksp&fopkj D;kAÞ xka/khth ds izfr muesa vikj J)k FkhA dUgS;kyky feJ izHkkdj ds 'kCnksa esa ^xkaèkhth ds os etuaw FksA* xka/khth ds ladsr&ek=k ij os viuk lc dqN cfynku djus dks rS;kj gks tkrs FksA tc lkaiznkf;d fu.kZ; ds fo#) xka/khth us vkej.k vu'ku fd;k] rc ûohu* th cM+s fpafrr gq, FksA muds fy, dksjh fpark dk dksbZ vFkZ ugha FkkA ftrus fnuksa rd xkaèkhth dk vu'ku pyk] mUgksaus Hkh ûohu* th dks Ng ckj mrus fnuksa rd ty ds vfrfjDr dqN tsy ;k=kk djuh iM+hA yxHkx xzg.k ugha fd;kA ukS o"kks± dk le; mUgksaus Lokra=;&laxzke esa mudk ;ksxnku tsy[kkuksa esa fcrk;kA tsy[kkuk cgq e q [ kh rFkk vf}rh; FkkA mues a jktuSfrd dSnh dk fo'ofo|ky; Økafrdkfj;ksa ds leku vkReR;kx vkSj lPps gh lef>,A cs'kd y[kuÅ ;ks)k ds leku 'kkS;Z FkkA ns'k ds fy, tsy ,slk gh fl) gqvkA ;gka mUgksaus dqN Hkh R;kxus esa eksg ugha fd;k] iafMr tokgjyky usg: ls mUgkasus viuk ?kj&ckj] i<+kbZ&fy[kkbZ lc dqNA vaxszth vkSj Hkwfefr i<+hA vkSj dkaxlsz laxBu vkSj ns'k dh turk esa blhfy, ûohu* th us tokgjyky dks ûohu* th tSlk vknj vkSj Lusg ikrs Fks] dok;n fl[kkbZA oSlk ikus dk HkkX; fojys tulsod dk gh gksrk gSA os dbZ ckj mÙkj izns'k dh dkaxzsl lfefr ds v/;{k vkSj egkea=kh pqus x, FksA lu~ 1947 esa ns'k ds Lora=k gks tkus ij os lafo/kku ifj"kn ds lnL; euksuhr gq,A 1951 ds izFke tupqukoksa esa dkuiqj ls yksdlHkk ds fy, fuokZfpr gksdj vk,A lu~ 1955 esa laln }kjk fu;ksftr Hkk"kk vk;ksx ds os ofj"B lnL; FksA lu~ 57 vkSj 60 esa jkT;lHkk ds fy, mÙkj izns'k ls fuokZfpr gksdj vk,A ysfdu vktknh ds ckn mudk jktuSfrd thou fuf"Ø; gksrk pyk x;kA Lora=k gks tkus ij Hkh innfyr turk fryfeyk gh jgh FkhA fo/kku cny x;k Fkk ysfdu mUgsa iz'kklu cnyk gqvk ugha yxrk FkkA mUgksaus vktknh ds ckn viuh lsokvksa dh gq.Mh Hkqukus dk iz;Ru ugha fd;k

xkaèkh&ekxZ

blfy, mUgsa ,d vlQy jktuhfrK dh Hkh laKk nh xbZA ysfdu os jktuhfrK Fks gh ughaA os ,d lân;] Hkkoqd jl&Mwcs Qdhj Fks] ftUgksaus viuh rYyhurk esa tks lkeus vk;k mls fuHkk;k vkSj mls viuk loZLo fn;kµ pkgs og jktuhfr Fkh] pkgs lkfgR; ;k pkgs dksbZ O;fDrA mudh dfork&ikB dk BkB rks fujkyk gh FkkA ok.kh esa vthc vkd"kZ.k Fkk tks fdlh tc lkaiznkf;d fu.kZ; ds dks Hkh vizHkkfor ugha NksM+rk FkkA tc os fo#) xka/khth us vkej.k vu'ku fd;k] rc ûohu* th Hkk"k.k nsrs rks tSls vaxkjs cjlrsA tc os ikyFkh ekj] jh<+ lh/kh dj] lhuk [khapdj] cM+s fpafrr gq, FksA muds fy, dksjh fpark dk dksbZ vFkZ vkstLoh Loj esa dfork&ikB djrs rks Jksrkx.k Hkh muds lkFk >we mBrsA ugha FkkA ftrus fnuksa rd vkanksyu ds ;qx esa mudh i=kdkfjrk xka/khth dk vu'ku pyk] ryokj&lh pyrh FkhA ljdkj jk"Vªh; i=kksa mUgksaus Hkh mrus fnuksa rd vkSj i=kdkjksa dks gj izdkj ls rax djus esa ty ds vfrfjDr dqN yxh gqbZ Fkh( ysfdu ûohu* us lp] vkSj lks xzg.k ugha fd;kA Hkh iwjs tksj ds lkFk] dgus esa dHkh vkxk&ihNk ugha fd;kA dsoy vius ys[kksa ds dkj.k mUgas rRdkyhu ljdkj us rhu&pkj ckj tsy[kkus dh ltk nh FkhA vU;k; dk neu djus vkSj U;k; dk i{k ysus esa os lnk n`<+ vkSj vkxzgh jgsA Hkkjrh; lafo/kku esa fganh dks jk"VªHkk"kk dk tks lEekfur in izkIr gqvk gS] mlesa ûohu* th dk ;ksxnku vfoLej.kh; gSA muds ys[ks fganh lewph jk"Vªh;rk gh Fkh vkSj blhfy, mlds fy, mUgksaus cM+s ls cM+s O;fDr;ksa ls VDdj yh] cM+s ls cM+s fojks/k dk lkeuk fd;kA lafo/kku ifj"kn ds fnuksa esa ftUgksaus mudks dke djrs ns[kk gS os tkurs gSa fd uohuth ds ân; esa fganh ds izfr fdruh vkx FkhA fganh ds iz'u ij vusd ckj usg:th ls Hkh mudh >M+i gks tkrh FkhA ûohu* th egkiq#"kksa esa Hkh egkiq#"k FksA nsork dguk muds ekuo&rÙo dks viekfur djuk gksxkA nsork ekuo ds nq[k&lq[k] g"kZ&fo"kkn] xq.k&voxq.k dks D;k le>saA tks Hkh muds laidZ esa vk;k] laiUu vkSj lkFkZd gqvkA dksbZ Hkh O;fDr 'kh?kz gh vius dks muds ifjokj dk cuk ys ldrk Fkk] bruk mnkj Fkk mudk eu] bruk fo'kky Fkk mudk vkaxuA ifjp; 'kh?kz gh vkReh;rk esa cny tkrkA fe=krk dks os O;kogkfjdrk ds Lrj ij u ysdj

uoacj&fnlacj 2012

ikfjokfjd Lrj ij ysrs FksA mu tSlk lgk;d&Ñikyq&fe=k ikuk okLro esa cgqr cM+k lkSHkkX; FkkA fe=kksa ds fy, rks os vius izk.k rd U;ksNkoj djus dks rS;kj gks tkrs FksA xqIrth us fy[kk gS] ßx.ks'k 'kadj esa tSls viuk ysus dh lgt 'kfDr Fkh] oSls gh ckyÑ".k esa viuk gks tkus dhA vkReh;rk nksuksa dk uSlfxZd xq.k FkkA ,d esa Lohdj.k dh {kerk Fkh] nwljs esa leiZ.k dh {kerkAÞ ;fn muds lkFk fdlh us dksbZ ,glku dj fn;k rks tUe&Hkj mlds ÑrK jgsA ftlds izfr J)k mRiUu gqbZ mlds pj.kksa dh /kwy cu x, vkSj vfdapuksa dks Hkh Lusg yqVkdj vkleku ij p<+k fn;kA vius fojksf/k;ksa ds izfr Hkh os mnkjrk dk O;ogkj djrs FksA ihM+k igaqpkus okys dks ân; ls yxk ysus dh muesa vikj {kerk FkhA mudk }s"k xyr fl)kar ds izfr gks ldrk Fkk] fdlh O;fDr ds izfr ughaA ;ksa os tUetkr fonzksgh FksA os ftls xyr le>rs mldk [kqydj fojksèk djuk mudk /keZ FkkA vuqfpr ckr dks os fdlh ewY; ij Hkh lgus dks rS;kj ugha gks ikrs FksA dgrs gSa] igys x.kra=kh; dkaxzsl eaf=keaMy esa usg:th us mUgsa miea=kh cuus ds fy, vkeaf=kr fd;k Fkk( ysfdu mUgksaus fdlh fuf'pr dkj.k ds vk/kkj ij bls Lohdkj ugha fd;kA vius fonzksgh LoHkko ds dkj.k os 1954 esa 5 ekl ds fy, dkaxzsl ls Hkh vyx dj fn, x, Fks( ckn esa Lo;a tokgjykyth us bl fu.kZ; ij gjrky QsjhA ,d vksj lg;ksx vkSj fouezrk rks nwljh vksj fl)kar ds izfr n`<+rk vkSj LokfHkeku] ,d vksj nk'kZfudksa dh&lh xaHkhjrk rks nwljh vksj ckydksa dh&lh ljyrk] ,d vksj QDdM+iu rks nwljh vksj 'kkyhurk] ,d vksj yydkj rks nwljh vksj iqpdkj] ,d vksj xtjktksa ls Vdjkus dk lkgl rks nwljh vksj phafV;ksa ls nc tkus dk pko] ,d vksj vaxkjksa dk rki rks nwljh vksj lqeuksa dk ijkx] ,d vksj ?kuxtZu rks nwljh vksj Qqgkjksa dh fjef>e] ,d vksj rkaMo rks nwljh vksj ykL;] ,d vka[k esa gykgy rks nwljh esa ve`rµ vthc fojksèkh 'kfDr;ksa dk lfEeJ.k Fks ûohu* thA ûohu* th Qdhj ckn'kkg FksA thou&Hkj os vFkkZHkko esa jgsA îzrki* ifjokj esa bUgsa 500 #i;k ekfld feyrk FkkA ysfdu bl jde dk vf/kdka'k vlgk; ifjokjksa ds gh dke vkrk Fkk( viuh fu/kZrk vkSj vfudsrurk ij mUgsa ukt FkkA laxzg ds uke ls rks mUgsa ?k`.kk gh FkhA os dgk djrs Fks] ßesjk 'kjhj fHk{kkUu ls iksf"kr gS] vr% eq>s laxzg djus dk D;k vf/kdkj gSAÞ os nsrs Fks ysfdu mlds cnys esas /kU;okn dh Hkh mUgksaus vis{kk ugha dh D;ksafd ;g os fdlh ij ,glku ekudj ugha] viuk drZO; ekudj djrs FksA

xkaèkh&ekxZ

ûohu th ds vafre fnu cM+s d"Ve; jgsA ru dk jksx vkSj eu dk Dys'k nksuksa us feydj vyeLr ûohu* dks fujhg cuk fn;k FkkA lu~ 1955 ls ysdj e`R;q&i;ZUr os chekj&ls gh jgsA bu pkj&ikap o"kks± esa mUgsa vusd ckj vLirky esa nkf[ky gksuk iM+kA muds Åij i{kk?kkr ds rhu vkØe.k gq,A i{kk?kkr ds vfrfjDr ân;&jksx] jDrpki vkSj laHkor% QsQM+s dk dSalj vkfn vusd chekfj;ksa us ,d lkFk mu ij vkØe.k fd;k FkkA chekfj;ksa ds paxqy esa ,d ckj Qaldj os NwVs ughaA mudh ok.kh pyh xbZ Fkh] ,d gn rd Le`fr HkhA gkFk&iSj rks] [kSj] 'kfDrghu gks gh x, FksA og HkO; eq[keaMy ihyk] T;ksfriqat us=k ûohu* th dks vkneh T;ksfrghu vkSj lqanj â"V&iq"V 'kjhj gfì;ksa dk tkurk ckn dks Fkk] igys <kapk&ek=k jg x;k FkkA ok.kh ds ckn'kkg ds I;kj djrk Fkk D;ksafd bl izdkj ewd gks tkus ls cM+k d"V vkSj D;k og [kqn vkneh dks tkurs gks ldrk gS\ ckn esa Fks] igys I;kj fnu ij fnu mudh n'kk fparktud djrs FksA cM+k dfBu gS gksrh xbZA e`R;q ls rhu&pkj fnu igys mudh ftanxh esa bl jhr dks psruk Hkh yqIr gks xbZ FkhA nh?kZ dky rd fuckg ldukA vlguh; osnuk vkSj d"V lgus ds ckn uohuth us 29 vizSy] lu~ 1960 dks rhljs igj vafre lkal yhA Jh ckyÑ".k jko us muds ckjs esa fy[kk gS]ß;fn fdlh miU;kldkj us ûohu* th ds bfro`Ùk dh dYiuk dh gksrh] mu tSls uk;d dk fp=kkadu fd;k gksrk rks ge 'kk;n ;gh dgrs fd mlus vfrjatuk dh gSA ge dgrs fd u rks dksbZ bruk ljy] 'kq)] Hkkoqd] mnkj vkSj lkglh gksrk gS ftruk mlus vius pfjruk;d dks crk;k gS vkSj u ,sls ujiqaxo ds vafre fnu brus fo"kkDr gh gksrs gSaA ij ;g vfrjatuk fdlh miU;kldkj dh ugha Fkhµ u ;g vfrjatuk gh FkhAÞ ûohu* th dks vkneh tkurk ckn dks Fkk] igys I;kj djrk Fkk D;ksafd og [kqn vkneh dks tkurs ckn esa Fks] igys I;kj djrs FksA cM+k dfBu gS ftanxh esa bl jhr dks fuckg ldukA

uoacj&fnlacj 2012

lkjk Hkkjr esjk ?kj gS lbZnk [kq'khZn vkye os lcds fy, fe;ka FksA muds cPps Hkh mUgsa blh uke ls iqdkjrs FksA ,d laiUu ifjokj esa tUesa ysfdu fQj {k; vkSj Iysx jksx ds dkj.k vius firk&ekrk vkSj rhu HkkbZ;ksa dks [kks cSBs tkfdj gqlSu lpeqp vukFk gh gks x, FksA frudk&frudk fQj ls tksM+ u flQZ viuk ,d NksVk&lk ?kj clk;k cfYd fQj lkjs Hkkjr dks viuk ?kj eku fy;kA mUgksaus tks laLFkk,a [kM+h dha] ftu laLFkkvksa dk dke laHkkyk] mUgsa igys ls vf/kd pedk dj lekt dks okil lkSaik FkkA ,sls csnkx Jh tkfdj gqlSu ds dqN vkReh; izlax crk jgh gSa mudh csVh lbZnk [kq'khZnA

^lkjk Hkkjr esjk ?kj gS vkSj mlesa jgus okys esjk ifjokj*µ ;s fdlds

ehBs cksy gSa] tks gekjs dkuksa esa xwat jgs gSa\ ;g cksyus okyk ns'k dk liwr vkSj lpeqp Hkkjr&jRu Fkk] eqYd dk jk"Vªifr Fkk ij vius dks ns'k dk lsod le>rk FkkA vkt gels mUgha dh thou dgkuh lqfu,A vki dgkuh lqukus okys ds fo"k; esa Hkh dqN tku ysaA dqnjr ds [ksy fujkys gSa] ftls pkgs tks cuk nsA esjh [kq'kfdLerh gS fd eq>dks mlus ml egku Lusge; cki dh csVh cuus dk xkSjo iznku fd;kA mudh ftanxh esa vehjh vkSj xjhch ds fnu vk,A os v/;kid ds in ls ysdj ns'k ds cM+s&cM+s inksa ij jgs vkSj var esa ns'k dh lcls cM+h bTtr dk rkt muds flj ij j[kk x;kA exj esjs fy, os gj tekus vkSj gj {k.k ,d Lusge; felkyh cki vkSj ,d csgrjhu bulku jgsA cpiu ls ges'kk eSaus mUgsa fe;ka dgdj iqdkjk gSA vc vki ,d [kq'kulhc csVh ls mlds cki dh dgkuh lqfu,A

xkaèkh&ekxZ

mÙkj izns'k esa ,d ftyk gS Q#Z[kkcknA ;g eqxy ckn'kkg Q#Z[kfl;j ds tekus esa clk;k x;k FkkA ;g txg NikbZ dh dyk ds fy, cgqr izfl) gSA ;gka ds Nis gq, fygkQ] vcjs vkSj jtkb;ka u dsoy vius ns'k esa yksdfiz; gSa cfYd ;gka dh Nih gqbZ phtsa ns'k ds ckgj Hkh ilan dh tkrh gSaA bl Q#Z[kkckn esa ,d dLck gS dk;exatA gekjh dgkuh ;gha ls 'kq: gksrh gS] ;gh gekjk iqjkuk oru gSA Q#Z[kfl;j dk tekuk ;g iBkuksa dh iqjkuh cLrh gSA bldk FkkA ckn'kkg muls cgqr uke bl rjg iM+k fd iqjkus tekus esa Hkkjr [kq'k FkkA mlus mUgsa vkSj vQxkfuLrku dh lhek ls iBkuksa ds cgqr&lk iqjLdkj vkSj cM+h dkfQys] le;&le; ij Hkkjr esa jkstxkj dh tkxhj nh] lkFk gh uokc dh ryk'k esa vkrs jgs vkSj vfèkdrj Q#Z[kkckn inoh HkhA fnYyh esa cax'k dk ds vklikl ds bykdksa esa vkckn gq,A ml iqy vkSj cax'k dk dejk le; ds jktk us mudh fgEer c<+kbZ vkSj mUgha ds uke ls gSA cax'k ds lgk;rk Hkh nhA mUgsa jgus vkSj [ksrh djus ds dejs dh ppkZ rks xkfyc ds fy, tehu vkSj lsuk esa ukSdfj;ka feyhaA bl flyflys esa Hkh gqbZ gSA rjg vusd lkyksa rd ;s yksx ;gka jgsA mUgha esa ls ,d eksgEen [kka cax'k gq, gSaA os cM+s ohj] izfrHkk'kkyh vkSj gksugkj vkneh FksA ;g Q#Z[kfl;j dk tekuk FkkA ckn'kkg muls cgqr [kq'k FkkA mlus mUgsa cgqr&lk iqjLdkj vkSj cM+h tkxhj nh] lkFk gh uokc dh inoh HkhA fnYyh esa cax'k dk iqy vkSj cax'k dk dejk mUgha ds uke ls gSA cax'k ds dejs dh ppkZ rks xkfyc ds flyflys esa Hkh gqbZ gSA ;g eksgEen [kka cax'k [kkl blh txg ds jgus okys Fks] tgka vc dk;exat vkckn gSA dgrs gSa fd bl txg dk uke mUgksaus vius csVs dk;e [kka ds uke ij j[kk FkkA dk;exat 1713 bZLoh esa clk;k x;kA mlds ckn Hkh iBkuksa ds vkxeu dk flyflyk pyrk jgkA os ;gka vkdj vkckn gksrs jgsA mUgha esa [kScj vkSj dksgkj ls vkQjhnh iBku vkdj ;gka cl x,] ftudh uLy vc rd dk;exat esa ikbZ tkrh gSA os yksx cM+s [kwclwjr lq[kZ&lQsn] yacs&rxM+s vkSj cgknqj FksA fiNys iBkuksa dh rjg rRdkyhu ljdkj us bUgsa Hkh vkckn gksus ds fy, lqfo/kk,a nhaA mu yksxksa us vius dchyksa ds uke ij dk;exat esa vius eksgYys vkckn fd,A mnkgj.k ds fy,] dyka [kSy] 'kdqy [kSy] eoy [kSy] dkSdh [kSy] glu [kSy vkfnA [kSy i'rksa esa dchys dks dgrs gSaA

uoacj&fnlacj 2012

bu dchyksa esa ls 'kdqy [kSy dchys esa nks HkkbZ Fksµ glu [kka vkSj gqlSu [kkaA gqlSu [kka gekjs iwoZt FksA ;g eksgEen 'kkg ds tekus esa lu~ 1719 bZLoh esa Hkkjr vk,A gqlSu [kka cgqr [kwclwjr] xaHkhj] lwQh euq"; FksA i<+uk&i<+kuk mudk 'kkSd FkkA iBkuksa esa muds vla[; psys FksA os enk [kkSu dh mikf/k ls iqdkjs tkrs FksA enk [kkSu i'rksa esa cM+s mLrkn dks dgrs gSaA enk [kkSu ds csVs vgen gqlSu [kka] muds csVs eqgEen gqlSu [kka gq,A eqgEen gqlSu [kka ds csVs xqyke gqlSu Fks tks >qEeu [kka dgykrs FksA os fe;ka ds nknk FksA >qEeu [kka cM+s [kjs] Li"V oDrk >qEeu [kka ds nks csVs Fksµ vkSj U;k;fiz; O;fDr FksA u fdlh dh rkdr fQnk gqlSu [kka vkSj vrk ls Mjrs Fks] u fdlh dh /ku&nkSyr ls izHkkfor gksrsA cgqr jgefny vkSj Lusgh FksA gj ,d gqlSu [kkaA vrk gqlSu [kka ds dh lgk;rk ds fy, gj oDr rS;kj jgrs vkSj dksbZ vkSykn ugha gqbZA fQnk gqlSu [kka fe;ka ds cki FksA nwljksa dh lgk;rk ds fy, vius dks [krjs esa mudk fookg iBkuksa ds ,d Mkyus ls Hkh ugha pwdrs FksA >qEeu [kka ds nks csVs Fksµ fQnk gqlSu bTtrnkj ifjokj esa uktuhu csxe ds lkFk gqvkA muds [kka vkSj vrk gqlSu [kkaA vrk gqlSu [kka ds lkr yM+ds gq,µ eqt¶Qj] dksbZ vkSykn ugha gqbZA fQnk gqlSu [kka fe;ka ds cki FksA mudk fookg iBkuksa ds ,d vkfcn] tkfdj] tkfgn] ;wlqQ] tkQj vkSj egewnA fe;ka bTtrnkj ifjokj esa uktuhu csxe ds lkFk vius Hkkb;ksa esa rhljs gqvkA muds lkr yM+ds gq,µ eqt¶Qj] vkfcn] uacj ij FksA tkfdj] tkfgn] ;wlqQ] tkQj vkSj egewnA fe;ka vius Hkkb;ksa esa rhljs uacj ij FksA fe;ka dk tUe 1897 bZLoh esa gSnjkckn ds csxe cktkj eksgYys esa gqvk] tgka muds firk vFkkZr~ gekjs nknk dh gosyh FkhA dgrs gSa] ;|fi lc HkkbZ lwjr vkSj vknr esa vuqie Fks rFkkfi fe;ka dh gSfl;r mu rkjksa ds >qjeqV esa iw.kZeklh ds pUnzek dh lh FkhA fQnk gqlSu [kka vFkkZr~ fe;ka ds firk cgqr izfrHkk'kkyh vkSj gksugkj FksA 'kq: ls mudks i<+us&fy[kus dk cgqr 'kkSdA chl lky dh vk;q esa jkstxkj dh ryk'k esa gSnjkckn x,A ?kj ls dqN #i, ys x, Fks] mlls eqjknkcknh crZuksa dh ,d nqdku [kksy yh vkSj lkFk gh lkFk dkuwu dh ijh{kk dh rS;kjh Hkh djrs jgsA ijh{kk nh vkSj izFke Js.kh esa lQy gq,A nqdku [kRe djds odkyr 'kq: dhA [kqnk dh djuh Fkh fd mudh odkyr cgqr pedh] cgqr #i, dek,A dkuwu ij cgqr&lh fdrkcsa fy[khaA

xkaèkh&ekxZ

csxe cktkj esa ,d nks&eaftyk ?kj cuk;kA Hkxoku us cgqr dqN fn;kA èku&nkSyr ds lkFk [kwclwjr] izfrHkk'kkyh vkSj gksugkj larku HkhA ,d&nks ugha] iwjs lkr csVsA exj tSls mudh Qwyrh&Qyrh cfx;k dks fdlh dh utj yx xbZA dsoy 16 o"kZ gh odkyr dj ik, Fks vkSj vHkh 39 o"kZ ds gh Fks fd {k; jksx esa Qal x, vkSj lu~ 1907 esa [kkunku dk ;g jkS'ku fpjkx lnk ds fy, cq> x;kA vc fe;ka dh 'kksdkdqy eka cPpksa dks ysdj dk;exat vk xb± vkSj fe;ka ds ppk vrk gqlSu [kka ds laj{k.k esa jgus yxha] fdarq nks lky ds ckn mudk Hkh LoxZokl gks x;kA firk ds LoxZokl ds fe;ka dh izkjafHkd f'k{kk le; fe;ka dh vk;q dsoy nl o"kZ FkhA ?kj ij gh gqbZA dgrs gSa fd eka us pkj cM+s csVksa dks bVkok esa cPps dh lcls igyh ikB'kkyk nkf[kyk djok fn;kA blh tekus esa dk;exat eka dh xksn gSA cPpk thou dk esa rkÅu ¼Iysx½ dh ,slh chekjh QSyh fd izkjafHkd ikB ;gha lh[krk gSA cfLr;ka&dh&cfLr;ka cckZn gks xb±A bl chekjh ;gka os lc cqfu;knh vknrsa iM+ ls mudk ?kj Hkh u cp ik;kA iwjk ?kj pqdh gksrh gSa ftu ij vkxs cckZnA chekjh dk ,slk tksj Fkk fd tuktk pydj thou dk iwjk Hkou mBkus okyk ugha feyrk FkkA ?kj esa lcls rS;kj gksrk gSA fdlh eka dh igys fe;ka ds NksVs HkkbZ tkQj gqlSu [kka eerk ds [ktkus esa I;kj dh mldk f'kdkj gq,A mlds ckn ukuh] eka vkSj deh ugha gksrhA fdarq ;fn ml lkjs ukSdj [kRe gks x, vkSj ?kj esa rkyk iM+ I;kj esa cqf) dk lekos'k u gks x;kA lcls NksVs HkkbZ egewn gqlSu [kka cps rks ykHk dh ctk; og Fks ftudks mudh pkph vius ?kj ys xb±A gkfudkjd gks tkrk gSA eka us cPpksa dh ijs'kkuh ds [;ky ls bVkok viuh chekjh dh [kcj ugha HksthA vpkud ;g fny fgyk nsus okyh [kcj feyhA ?kj igqaps rks ?kj esa rkyk yxk ns[kkA eklwe fnyksa ij d;ker xqtj xbZA vc [kqnk ds flok bu vukFkksa dk dksbZ lgkjk u FkkA vkSj okLro esa mlh us lgkjk fn;kA eka&cki tSlk vewY; /ku Nhudj muesa /kS;Z] lkgl vkSj d#.kk dh Hkkouk iSnk dj nh] ftlus muds leLr vHkkoksa dh iwfrZ dhA mUgksaus viuh f'k{kk tkjh j[khA ykyu&ikyu ds fy, muds laj{kd cuk, x, tks mudh laifÙk dh ns[kHkky vkSj mudh f'k{kk dk izca/k djrs FksA ysfdu dfBukb;ka vHkh lekIr ugha gqbZ FkhaA laHkor% ;g vYykg fe;ka dh rjQ ls fe;ka ds izf'k{k.k dk izca/k FkkA [kqnk dks muls tks dke ysus Fks]

uoacj&fnlacj 2012

os vklku u FksA og ,d dM+h ftanxh Fkh] ftlds fy, muds O;fDrRo dks n`<+ vkSj lkglh cukuk mís'; FkkA [kqnk&[kqnk djds og oDr vk;k fd cM+s HkkbZ eqt¶Qj gqlSu [kka viuh f'k{kk iwjh dj gSnjkckn esa fo'ks"k U;k;k/kh'k gks x,( fdarq izdk'k dh ,d fdj.k ds ckn fQj va/ksjkA 27 o"kZ dh vk;q esa mUgsa {k; jksx gks x;k vkSj os Hkh py clsA fe;ka dh izkjafHkd f'k{kk ?kj ij gh gqbZA dgrs gSa fd cPps dh lcls igyh ikB'kkyk eka dh xksn gSA cPpk thou dk izkjafHkd ikB ;gha lh[krk gSA ;gka os lc cqfu;knh vknrsa iM+ pqdh gksrh gSa ftu ij vkxs pydj thou dk iwjk Hkou rS;kj gksrk gSA fdlh eka dh eerk ds [ktkus esa I;kj dh deh ugha gksrhA fdarq ;fn ml I;kj esa cqf) dk lekos'k u gks rks ykHk dh ctk; og eka us pkj cM+s csVksa dks gkfudkjd gks tkrk gSA ysfdu ;fn eka esa bVkok esa nkf[kyk djok fn;kA I;kj ds lkFk&lkFk vDy Hkh gks rks og blh tekus esa dk;exat esa cPpksa esa cM+h vklkuh ls ,sls xq.k iSnk dj rkÅu ¼Iysx½ dh ,slh chekjh nsrh gS] tks ,d vPNs bulku ds fy, t:jh QSyh fd cfLr;ka&dh&cfLr;ka gksrs gSaA cPps ds fy, eka ,slk izHkko'kkyh cckZn gks xb±A bl chekjh ls O;fDrRo gS fd mldh gj fØ;k vkSj vnk mudk ?kj Hkh u cp ik;kA cPps ds efLr"d ij Nki NksM+ nsrh gS vkSj iwjk ?kj cckZnA chekjh dk og mlh lkaps esa <y tkrk gSA ,slk tksj Fkk fd tuktk fe;ka dh eka cgqr le>nkj vkSj mBkus okyk ugha feyrk FkkA usdfny vkSjr FkhaA mudh nku vkSj lgkuqHkwfr dh ppkZ vc Hkh dk;exat dh cM+h&cwf<+;ka djrh gSaA fe;ka Hkh izk;% mudh ppkZ cM+h eksgCcr ls djrs Fks vkSj muds ejus dh ?kVuk dk gky lqukrs Fks rks mudk fny Hkj vkrk Fkk vkSj vka[kksa esa vkalw vk tkrs FksA os vius cPpksa ls vxkèk izse djrh FkhaA muds lkr yM+ds FksA dksbZ muls la[;k iwNrk rks izk;% Vky tkrha fd dgha bu ghjksa dks utj u yx tk,A muds thou esa dsoy ,d cPps dh e`R;q gqbZ Fkh] ftldh vk;q Ng o"kZ FkhA ;g ?kVuk muds fy, cgqr ?kkrd FkhA ;g Hkh mu ij [kqnk dh Ñik Fkh fd ,d ds ckn ,d rhu gV~Vs&dV~Vs tokuksa dks vkSj vius fny ds VqdM+ksa dks viuh vka[k ls feV~Vh esa feyrs ugha ns[kkA os ges'kk yksxkssa dks nsrh jgrh FkhaA dksbZ muds nj ls [kkyh gkFk u tkrk vkSj nsuk Hkh ,slk fd bl gkFk ls fn;k] ml gkFk dks [kcj u gqbZA ftlls

xkaèkh&ekxZ

feyrha cM+k vknj&lRdkj djrha] pkgs og fdlh Hkh gSfl;r dk vkneh gksA gjsd ls cjkcj dk lywd djrhaA cqtqxks± dk vknj vkSj eku mudh ?kqV~Vh esa iM+k gqvk FkkA j[k&j[kko ,slk fd vius&ijk, lc [kq'k vkSj mudk ne Hkjrs FksA bu fo'ks"krkvksa ds lkFk mUgksaus vius cPpksa dh tSlh f'k{kk&nh{kk dh gksxh] mldk vuqeku dfBu ughaA mudh eksgCcr uknku vkSjrksa dh rjg va/kh u FkhA og vius cPpksa ds Hkfo"; ds izfr lko/kku FkhaA os tkurh Fkha fd dk;exat esa mudh f'k{kk dk vPNk izc/a k gksuk dfBu gS] blfy, mUgksua s viuh vka[kksa ds rkjksa dks utjksa ls nwj Hkstuk mudk ,slk gh ,d Hkk"k.k Lohdkj dj fy;k vkSj tc mu ij Iysx dk mudh 'kknh dk dkj.k cukA vkØe.k gqvk rks cPpksa dh ijs'kkuh vkSj ml tekus esa pank bdV~Bk djus mudh f'k{kk esa #dkoV ds [k;ky ls viuh ds fy, dk;exat esa Hkh ,d chekjh dh lwpuk rd u nh vkSj cPpksa dks Hkk"k.k fn;k ftlesa gekjh eka ds vafre ckj ns[kus dh bPNk vius fny esa nknk Hkh mifLFkr FksA mu ij fy, gq, bl nqfu;k ls fonk gks xb±A Hkk"k.k dk cgqr izHkko iM+kA lu~ 1907 bZLoh esa fe;ka bVkok ds mUgksaus viuk cVqvk fe;ka dh bLykfe;k gkbZ Ldwy esa nkf[ky gq,A lkSHkkX; Vksih esa myV fn;k] lkFk gh ;g ls ogka mUgsa cgqr vPNs vkSj Lusgh f'k{kd Hkh fny esa r; fd;k fd viuh feys] fo'ks"k :i ls bVkok Ldwy ds gSMekLVj ykMyh iksrh dk fookg blh lS;n vYrkQ gqlSu lkgc vkSj Ldwy ds yM+ds ls djsaxsA laLFkkid ekSyoh c'kh#íhu lkgc cM+k Lusg djrs vkSj /;ku nsrsA bu nksuksa cqtqxks± dk fe;ka ij cgqr xgjk vlj FkkA mUgksaus muls cgqr dqN lh[kk vkSj os mudh ges'kk cM+s lEeku ls ppkZ djrsA bVkok ds fo|kFkhZ thou dh ,d ?kVuk fe;ka [kqn lqukrs Fks] ftlls irk pyrk gS fd muds f'k{kdksa dks mudk fdruk /;ku jgrk FkkA ,d fnu ekLVj vYrkQ gqlSu lkgc us fe;ka vkSj muds lkfFk;ksa ds [kkus esa ,d&,d fxykl ikuh feyk fn;kA [kkus dk oDr vk;k rks lc lkFkh ,d&,d dkSj ysdj f[kfl;kdj mB [kM+s gq,] ysfdu fe;ka us fugk;r lgtrk ls viuk [kkuk iwjk fd;k vkSj bl rjg mBs tSls cgqr etsnkj [kkuk [kk;k gks! vYrkQ gqlSu lkgc vksV ls ;g lc rek'kk ns[k jgs Fks] lkeus vk, vkSj fe;ka ds flj ij cM+s Lusg ls gkFk Qsjk vkSj dgk fd eSaus rqe yksxksa dh ijh{kk ds fy, tku&cw>dj [kkus dks cs&etk djus ds fy, ikuh feyk fn;k FkkA eSa tkuuk pkgrk Fkk fd rqeesa ls dkSu Lokn ds vkuan dk cfynku dj ldrk gSA esjk

uoacj&fnlacj 2012

[;ky Fkk fd tkfdj] rqe gh lQy gksxsA eq>s [kq'kh gS fd esjk fopkj fcydqy Bhd fudykA Ldwy ds thou esa fe;ka fo|kfFkZ;ksa vkSj f'k{kdksa nksuksa esa cgqr yksdfiz; FksA i<+us&fy[kus dk mUgsa vkjaHk ls gh 'kkSd FkkA os vius vè;;u dks dsoy ikB~;&iqLrdksa rd lhfer ugha j[krs Fks] cfYd blds vfrfjDr T;knk&ls&T;knk i<+rs jgrsA mUgsa v[kckj i<+us vkSj [kcjsa lqukus dk Hkh cgqr 'kkSd FkkA bVkok esa Ldwy ds muds lkFkh gchcqjZgeku lkgc fy[krs gSa % ^os ik;fu;j v[kckj [kjhnus izfrfnu mudk Hkk"k.k vkSj ys[ku bVkok LVs'ku tkrsA vkxs os gksrs vkSj ihNs eSaA dsoy fn[kkok ugha Fkk] cfYd LVs'ku ij v[kckj mrjrs gh tkfdj lkgc os tks dgrs Fks vkSj tks mls gkfly djrs vkSj fQj ge yxHkx fy[krs Fks] mldk [kqn Hkh Hkkxrs&Hkkxrs Ldwy ds cksfM±x gkml esa ykSV ikyu djrs FksA izkjaHk gh esa vkrsA ogka fo|kFkhZ gekjh izrh{kk djrs feyrsA mUgksaus vius O;fDrRo dk ,d gekjs ykSVrs gh os gekjs pkjksa rjQ ?ksjk cuk dkYifud fp=k cuk;k Fkk] ysrsA tkfdj lkgc mUgsa [kcjksa dk u dsoy ftl ij gj le; mudh n`f"V vuqokn djds lqukrs cfYd mudh leh{kk Hkh jgrhA bVkok Ldwy esa mUgksaus djrsA* ,d ys[k fy[kk FkkA ml le; [kqnk us cpiu ls gh fe;ka dks ys[ku mudh vk;q rsjg&pkSng o"kZ vkSj Hkk"k.k ij iw.kZ vf/kdkj fn;k FkkA tks dh jgh gksxhA ml ys[k dk ckr os dgrs Fks] ,sls lyhds ls dgrs Fks fd 'kh"kZd Fkk% ^fo|kFkhZ&thouA* lquus okys ds fny esa mrj tkrh FkhA ml ml ys[k ls Kkr gksrk gS fd tekus esa rqdhZ vkSj bVyh esa ;q) gks jgk FkkA muds lkeus thou dk lkekU;r% fganqLrku ds eqlyekuksa esa rqdhZ ds D;k Lo:i FkkA izfr lgkuqHkwfr dk cgqr tks'k FkkA fe;ka Hkh mlesa cgqr vkxs jgsA muds vkàku ij yksxksa us xks'r [kkuk can dj fn;k Fkk rkfd tks #i, cpsa] muls rqdks± dh lgk;rk dh tk,A os bl flyflys esa txg&txg Hkk"k.k Hkh nsrs Fks vkSj pank tek djrs FksA mudk ,slk gh ,d Hkk"k.k mudh 'kknh dk dkj.k cukA ml tekus esa pank bdV~Bk djus ds fy, mUgksaus dk;exat esa Hkh ,d Hkk"k.k fn;k] ftlesa gekjh eka ds nknk Hkh mifLFkr FksA mu ij Hkk"k.k dk cgqr izHkko iM+kA mUgksaus viuk cVqvk fe;ka dh Vksih esa myV fn;k] lkFk gh ;g Hkh fny esa r; fd;k fd viuh ykMyh iksrh dk fookg os blh yM+ds ls djsaxsA mudh eka dk nsgkar

xkaèkh&ekxZ

gks pqdk FkkA nknk dh og bdykSrh iksrh FkhaA muds vkSj lc cPps [kRe gks pqds Fks blfy, nknk mUgsa cgqr pkgrs FksA os mudh vka[kksa dk rkjk FkhaA os mUgsa I;kj esa iqryh dgk djrs FksA oSls gekjh eka dk uke 'kkgtgka csxe gSA fe;ka gekjh eka ds nknk ds lxs HkkbZ ds ukrh FksA Hkk"k.k lqudj ?kj vk, rks mUgksaus fe;ka dh eka vFkkZr~ viuh Hkrhth dks cqyk;k vkSj dgk eSa tkfdj ls viuh iksrh dk fookg djuk pkgrk gwaA gekjh nknh vFkkZr fe;ka dh eka ;g izLrko lqudj cgqr [kq'k gqb±A os rks [kqn pkgrh Fkha] ysfdu ppk ds lEeku ds dkj.k vHkh rd tqcku u [kksyh FkhA vc mUgsa D;k vkifÙk gks ldrh Fkh] fdarq nksuksa dh rdnhj esa ;g [kq'kh ns[kuh ugha fy[kh FkhA FkksM+s gh fnuksa esa nksuksa dk LoxZokl gks x;k vkSj ;g 'kknh fe;ka ds cM+s HkkbZ vkSj vEek dh eka us dhA ftl rjg fe;ka ds Hkk"k.k esa tknw Fkk] mlh rjg mudk ys[ku Hkh tknw dk vlj j[krk FkkA mudk Hkk"k.k vkSj ys[ku dsoy fn[kkok ugha Fkk] cfYd os tks dgrs Fks vkSj tks fy[krs Fks] mldk [kqn Hkh ikyu djrs FksA izkjaHk gh esa mUgksaus vius O;fDrRo dk ,d dkYifud fp=k cuk;k Fkk] ftl ij gj le; mudh n`f"V jgrhA bVkok Ldwy esa mUgksaus ,d ys[k fy[kk FkkA ml le; mudh vk;q rsjg&pkSng o"kZ dh jgh gksxhA ml ys[k dk 'kh"kZd Fkk% ^fo|kFkhZ&thouA* ml ys[k ls Kkr gksrk gS fd muds lkeus thou dk D;k Lo:i FkkA os fy[krs gSa % ßfo|kFkhZ ls vk'k; og O;fDr gS tks vius LoHkko dks orZeku fLFkfr ls csgrj cukuk pkgrk gSA tks viuh 'kfDr dks] tgka rd c<+us dh mlesa rkdr gS] ogka rd c<+kuk pkgrk gS--- bl ckr dk bPNqd gS fd tgka ls vDy dk lcd feys] tgka ls vPNh&vPNh ckrsa mldks ekywe gksa] tgka ls Kku vkSj mPp fopkj mldks fey ldsa] tgka ls ml nqfu;k ds fo"k; esa vkSj vius fo"k; esa ,slh ckrsa ekywe gksa tks mls ugha ekywe vkSj ftudks ekywe djus ls mldks nqfu;k esa lgk;rk feysxh] ogka ls og mu lcdks izkIr dj ysA fo|kFkhZ gksus ds fy, de&ls&de bruh cqf) t:j gksuh pkfg, fd og cqjs vkSj Hkys esa] ykHk vkSj gkfu esa] ilan djus ;ksX; vkSj ?k`.kk djus ;ksX; ckrksa esa varj dj ldsAÞ bl vk;q esa ,d O;fDr us fe;ka esa vk/;kfRedrk dh T;ksfr txkbZ vkSj muesa lwQh larksa tSls xq.k mRiUu fd,A os Fks glu 'kkg lkgcA glu 'kkg fe;ka ds nwj ds laca/kh FksA os ,d lwQh cqtqxZ Fks vkSj 'kkg rkfyc gqlSu Q#[kkZcknh ds psys FksA glu 'kkg dks izkjaHk ls gh fe;ka ds O;fDrRo esa fo'ks"k #fp jghA tc fe;ka Nqfê;kssa esa ?kj vkrs rks os vf/kdrj mUgsa

uoacj&fnlacj 2012

vius lkFk j[krsA glu 'kkg dks v/;;u dk cgqr 'kkSd FkkA bruh vk; u Fkh fd fdrkcsa [kjhn ldsaA blfy, os djrs ;g Fks fd tgka Hkh vPNh fdrkcsa feyrha] ys vkrs vkSj mudh udy djkdj vius ikl j[krsA ;s fdrkcsa T;knkrj lwQh er ij gksrha vkSj blds vfrfjDr jlk;u'kkL=k vkSj nwljs 'kkL=kksa ij Hkh gksrhaA os bu fdrkcksa dh udy fe;ka ls djk;k djrs Fks vkSj tgka&rgka eqf'dy ikrs] le>krs Hkh jgrs FksA fe;ka dgrs Fks fd bu fdrkcksa dh udy djus ls mUgsa cgqr ykHk gqvkA ,d rks mudk ys[k cgqr vPNk gks x;k( nwljs] fofHkUu fo"k;ksa ;g ckr ihj rkfyc gqlSu esa mudk Kku c<+ x;kA jlk;u ds cgqr&ls lkgc dks ekywe gqbZ rks uqL[ks mUgsa tqckuh ;kn gks x,A fe;ka crkrs mUgksaus cqykdj dgk fd glu Fks fd ckn esa os uqL[ks cgqr dke vk,A 'kkg] rqEgkjk fny vHkh iwjh muds ,d nksLr Fks vrkmYyk lkgcA rjg ikd vkSj lkQ ugha os lkbZal ds fo|kFkhZ FksA mUgsa iz;ksx djus gqvkA ,d [kqnk dks ekuus dk cgqr 'kkSd FkkA os lksuk cukus dk iz;ksx fd;k djrs FksA lksuk rks [kSj D;k curk okys ds fny esa [kqnk dh l`f"V ls ?k`.kk dh xqatkb'k ugha Fkk] vycÙkk ;g vkjke gks x;k Fkk fd vrkmYyk lkgc ds dejs esa gj le; vaxhBh gksrhA bldk bykt ;g gS fd rqe flj ij pksVh vkSj ekFks ngdrh jgrh ftl ij lc fe=kx.k tc pkgrs] pk; cuk ysrs! ;g vrkmYyk lkgc ij fryd yxkdj d'ehj ls dU;kdqekjh rd iSny ;k=kk ml oDr rks lksuk u cuk lds fdarq vkxs djks rkfd T;knk&ls&T;knk pydj muds bl 'kkSd us lksuk izkIr djus ds rjhds dk vkfo"dkj dj fy;kA os vesfjdk yksx rqEgas bl gkyr esa ns[ksa vkSj rqEgsa f'k{kk feysA pys x,A ogka Hkh os blh /kqu esa yxs jgs vkSj ,d fnu mUgksaus pkoy pan feuV esa rS;kj djus dh fofèk [kkst yh] ftlls mUgksaus dkQh lkjk èku dek;k vkSj fQj mls cgqr vPNs dkeksa esa yxk;kA ihj glu 'kkg ls fe;ka dks cM+h J)k FkhA os izk;% muds fdLls lquk;k djrs FksA ihj glu 'kkg izkjaHk esa fganqvksa ls dqN i{kikr j[krs Fks vkSj dHkh&dHkh muds eq[k ls vuqfpr 'kCn Hkh fudy tkrs FksA ;|fi bLyke vkSj gj /keZ bulkuksa ls eksgCcr fl[kkrk gS] fdarq gksrk ;g gS fd /keZ dh vlyh vkRek dks le>s cxSj tc dksbZ vius /keZ dk ikcan gksrk gS] rks mruh gh nwljs /keks± ls ?k`.kk djus yxrk gS vkSj nwljs èkeks± ds ekuus okyksa dks ?k`.kk ds ;ksX; le>rk gSA ;gh ,d ckjhd varj gS èkeZ ds lPps

xkaèkh&ekxZ

O;fDr esa vkSj ,d fn[kkoVh] dV~Vj /kkfeZd O;fDr esaA ,d ekU;rkvksa vkSj ewY;ksa dks ekurk gS] nwljk ckgjh jhfr&fjokt dks] ftls og èkeZ dk uke ns nsrk gSA gka] rks tc glu 'kkg ds fo"k; esa ;g ckr muds ihj rkfyc gqlSu lkgc dks ekywe gqbZ rks mUgksaus cqykdj dgk fd glu 'kkg] rqEgkjk fny vHkh iwjh rjg ikd vkSj lkQ ugha gqvkA ,d [kqnk dks ekuus okys ds fny esa [kqnk dh l`f"V ls ?k`.kk dh xqatkb'k ugha gksrhA bldk bykt ;g gS fd rqe flj ij pksVh vkSj ekFks ij fryd yxkdj d'ehj ls dU;kdqekjh rd iSny ;k=kk djks rkfd T;knk&ls&T;knk yksx rqEgas bl gkyr esa ns[ksa vkSj rqEgsa f'k{kk feysA glu 'kkg us ihj dh vkKk ds vkxs flj >qdk fn;k vkSj mudh fgnk;r ds vuqlkj ;k=kk dhA mlds ckn mUgsa iSny pyus dh bruh vknr gks xbZ Fkh fd tc th pkgrk] diM+kas vkSj fdrkcksa dh ,d xBjh yh vkSj py fn,A var esa tc cgqr cw<s+ gks x, Fks vkSj py ugha ikrs Fks rks mUgksusa s ,d pkj ifg;ksa okyh xkM+h cuk yh Fkh] ml ij diM+s vkSj fdrkcsa j[kdj /kdsyrs gq, ys tkrs FksA fe;ka dks lwfQ;ksa vkSj cqtqxks± ls tks J)k glu 'kkg ds dkj.k izkIr gqbZ Fkh] og thou Hkj cuh jghA mUgksaus cqtqxks± dh f'k{kk vkSj ftanxh ds gkykr ls tks lcd lh[kk] og bulku dh eksgCcr Fkh] ftlesa u /keZ&tkfr dk Hksn Fkk] u jax vkSj uLy dk varjA gtjr futkeqíhu vkSfy;k dh njxkg ij Hkk"k.k nsrs gq, mUgksaus bUgha fopkjksa dks vfHkO;Dr fd;k % ß[oktk vtesjh us dgk gS fd [kqnk rd igqapus ds fy, rhu phtksa dh njdkj gksrh gSA igyh pht gksrh gS unh tSlh nku'khyrk] nwljh lw;Z tSlk Lusg vkSj rhljk /kjrh tSlk vfrfFk&lRdkjA dkSu ugha ns[krk vkSj le>rk fd unh viuh nku'khyrk esa] lw;Z vius Lusg esa vkSj /kjrh vius lRdkj esa tkfr&ikafr] èkeZ&uLy vkSj Hkk"kk dk Hksn ugha djrsAÞ os vkxs dgrs gSa % ßnku] Lusg vkSj lRdkj ds xq.k gksrs gq, Hkh nhu vkSj /keZ dk varj yksxksa ds fnyksa dks ,d nwljs ls vyx dj nsrk gSA /keZ tksM+us dh txg rksM+us] feykus dh txg vyx djus yxrk gSAÞ fdarq ifo=k bulkuksa dk ;g gky ugha gksrkA gksrk Hkh dSls] D;ksafd fe;ka vkidk ân; ekuork ds izfr lgkuqHkwfr ls ifjiw.kZ FkkA vkidh f'k{kk vkSj izopuksa dh fo'ks"krk vk/;kfRed ewY;ksa dh lqj{kk] lgkuqHkwfr vkSj ekuo&izse FkkA jkèkkÑ".k izdk'ku ls izdkf'kr ^tkfdj lkgc dh dgkuh] mudh csVh dh tqckuh* iqLrd ds dqN laikfnr va'kA

uoacj&fnlacj 2012

;fn xka/khth vkt gksrs ;g loky u;k ughsa gSA 'kk;n xka/khth ds tkrs gh vxys fnu ls iwNk tkus yxk gksxkA loky u;k ugha D;ksafd gekjk LoHkko iqjkuk gh gSA LoHkko u cnyk gks rks ifjfLFkfr;ka fdruh Hkh cny tk,a] ge cnyrs ughaA blfy, dgha Hkh ladV esa ge Qals ugha fd ,dne ;gh loky lkeus vkrk gS% ;fn xka/khth gksrs rks D;k djrsA dHkh fdlh us lkspk gksxk fd lu~ 1869 ds vDrwcj ls igys yksxksa ds lkeus ;g iz'u Fkk D;k\ rc rks xka/khth dk tUe Hkh ugha gqvk FkkA fQj vDrwcj ds fnu ml lky xkaèkhth us tUe fy;kA /khjs&/khjs iys&c<+s] lc lkekU; cPpks a dh rjgA fQj Ldwy&dkWyst esa dqN i<+s&fy[ks] lc lkekU; ;qodksa dh rjgA u tkus dc lc dqN lkekU;&lk fn[kus okyk ,dne vlkekU;] vlk/kkj.k cu x;kA fQj rks iwjs thou Hkj bl ns'k esa gh ugha] iwjh nqfu;k esa mudh mifLFkfr bl dnj cuh jgh] ,slh Åaph cuh jgh fd ckdh lc ckSus ls gks x, FksA ;g ÅapkbZ muds O;fDrRo esa Fkh] muds dkeksa esa Fkh] muds fopkjksa esa FkhA

muds tkus ds ckn tSls vaèksjk&lk Nk x;kA lwjt ds tkus ds ckn Hkh va/ksjk vkrk gSA ysfdu lwjt vxys fnu fQj Åx tkrk gSA FkksM+s cgqr ckny gksa] dksgjk gks] jsrhyh ;k /kwy Hkjh vka/kh gks rc Hkh lwjt vk x;k gSµ ,slk Hkjkslk eu esa jgrk gSA ij xka/khth x, rks ,slk ugha gqvkA mUgsa vxyh lqcg ugha vkuk FkkA vkrs Hkh Hkyk D;ksaA gesa mudh t:jr Fkhµ flQZ blfy, D;k\ ;s ge Hkh dkSu\ dgka&dgka ugha gksaxs ge tSls ge! gekjs fudEesiu dh <ky gS ;g loZuke ^ge*A ;g fudEekiu lc txg de T;knk feyrk gSA feyrk gh pyk tkrk gSA c<+rk gh pyk tkrk gS vkSj blfy, dksbZ ladV vk;k ugha fd gesa yxrk gS fd vPNk gksrk vkt xkaèkhth gekjs chp gksrsA os gksrs rks gekjs cnys ge mudks bl ladV esa >ksad nsrsA ;g Hkh vVwV Hkjkslk gesa gS fd ;fn os gksrs rks ge D;k mUgsa >ksadrs] os [kqn gh vius dks fuNkoj djus gkFk ds dke NksM+ ml ladV dh ?kM+h ds lkeus gksrsA ,slk fudEekiu gesa dgha dk ugha NksM+sxkA ge dHkh&Hkh viuh

xkaèkh&ekxZ

leL;kvksa ls fuiV ugha ik,axsA leL;k,a dc ugha gksrha\ nl&ikap gtkj cjl dk bfrgkl [kaxky ysaA [kxksy&Hkwxksy lc ns[k MkysaA fcydqy fujkin dksbZ Hkh le; ugha jgk gSA izkÑfrd vkink,a] jktuSfrd vkink,a] lkekftd vkink,a vkSj rks vkSj ?kj&?kj dh vkink,a µ Hkxoku jke ds jktfryd ds iq.; {k.k esa Hkh dSds;h dksi Hkou esa pyh xbZ gSaA leL;k,a cjkcj vk,axhA vPNs dkeksa dks] vPNs fopkjksa dks jktkKk ls] Hkys gh etcwjh esa] cuokl feyrk jg ldrk gSA vkSj ,sls esa gh /khjt] la;e] n`<+rk vkSj e;kZnk dks /;ku esa j[k gels ftruk cus mruk rks djsa geA tks gels vHkh ugha cu ldrk] mldh dksf'k'k vHkh ugha Hkh djsa rks T;knk vPNkA vkt dk ,d Bhd dne i;kZIr gS] dy dh 'kfDr ogh nsxkµ ,slh izkFkZuk eu esa rks djsaA vkt xka/khth gksrs rks D;k djrs\ os tc Fksµ vkSj os dkQh yacs le; rd jgsµ rc mUgksaus gj rjg dh ifjfLFkfr esa ges'kk gh dqN u dqN djds fn[kk;k FkkA os lc mnkgj.k gekjs&vkids lkeus gSaA os la?k"kZ ls ysdj jpuk rd ds] fuekZ.k ds] uofuekZ.k ds dkeksa esa] gj vlaHko&lh

fn[kus okyh ifjfLFkfr esa vikj laHkkouk,a ryk'k ysrs FksA dHkh pqVdh Hkj ued ls os fczrkuh jkt dks fgyk nsrs Fks] dHkh eqV~Bh Hkj dikl ls vaxzstksa dh lwrh feyksa dks BIi dj nsrs Fks rks dHkh uhy ds xV~Bj ls vU;k; ls jaxs ;wjksi ds cktkj dks lQsn >Dd] mTToy cuk nsrs FksA tc rd os jgs] mUgksaus ;gka bruk dqN fd;k ftruk ,d O;fDr dHkh ugha dj ldrkA nk,a gkFk ls fd;k] nk;ka gkFk Fkdk rks ck,a gkFk ls fd;kA ru ls fd;k] eu ls fd;k vkSj var esa vius izk.k rd ls fd;kA os rks bl /kjrh ds fy, bruk dqN dj x,A vej gks x,A vc ge ej&ej dj th,a vkSj vius gj ladV esa mUgsa ;kn djsa] lkspsa fd vkt ;fn os gksrs rks D;k djrsµ ;g fcydqy Bhd ugha gSA vkt os ugha gSaA ge vkSj vki gSaA gels ftruk cus] mruk rks djsaA xq#nso dh ,d NksVh&lh dfork u Hkwysa % lka/; jfo us dgk@esjk dke ysxk dkSu@jg x;k lqudj txr lkjk fu#Ùkj ekSuA ,d ekVh ds nh, us@uezrk ds lkFk@dgk ftruk cu ldsxk@eSa d:axk ukFkA vuqie feJ

uoacj&fnlacj 2012

iou ÅtkZ% gok fudyh fiNys o"kZ ds eqdkcys bl foÙkh; o"kZ esa iou ÅtkZ ds {ks=k esa /kheh o`f) ntZ dh xbZ gSA bl o"kZ iou ÅtkZ dk mRiknu dksbZ 100 esxkokV ihNs jg x;k gSA rfeyukMq vkSj jktLFkku esa] tgka lokZf/kd iou ÅtkZ dk mRiknu gksrk gS] ogka {kerk lao)Zu vk/kk gh jg x;k gSA fQj Hkh dsanzh; uohu vkSj uohÑr ÅtkZ ea=kky; bu vkadM+ksa ls larq"V gSA mldk dguk gS fd le; ds lkFk {kerk esa lq/kkj gks tk,xkA bl o"kZ dqy 291-7 esxkokV {kerk o`f) gqbZA bldh rqyuk esa fiNys o"kZ ;g o`f) 394-7 esxkokV FkhA Hkkjrh; iou ÅtkZ ,lksfl,'ku ds eq[; dk;Zdkjh vf/kdkjh ohlqcze.;e dk dguk gS fd bl o"kZ dqy 1200 esxkokV ls vf/kd {kerk LFkkfir gks ikus dh laHkkouk ugha gS A iou ÅtkZ m|ksx fiNys dkQh le; ls bl v'kqHk ;k Mjkouh fLFkfr ds ckjs esa viuh fpark ls voxr djkrk jgk gSA blh otg ls ea=kky; us ,d vxLr dks ,d lHkk dk vk;kstu fd;k FkkA m|ksx us blesa

{kerk esa] o`f) esa fxjkoV ds dbZ dkj.k fxuk, FksA buesa izeq[k rks gS ljdkj }kjk iou ÅtkZ mRiknu esa nh tkus okyh izksRlkgu lgk;rkA uohu ,oa uohÑr ÅtkZ ea=kky; us ;g ;kstuk lu~ 2009 esa izkjaHk dh FkhA blesa iou pDdh ls fxzM dks nh tkus okyh fo|qr dh izR;sd ;wfuV ij 50 iSls dk Hkqxrku gksuk FkkA ;g ekuk tkrk gS fd cka/k vkSj dks;ys ls cuus okyh fctyh ds eqdkcys ;g iou ÅtkZ T;knk lkQ lqFkjh gSA blfy, bls cukus okys dks dqN vkSj Hkh ykHk feyuk pkfg,A ;g lksp dj mlesa dbZ rjg dh NwV Hkh nh xbZA vc bu lc NwVksa dh vof/k ekpZ 2012 esa lekIr gks xbZ gSA bls iqu% izkjaHk ugha fd;k x;kA ea=ky; ds vf/kdkjh dk dguk gS fd bu dVkSfr;ksa dh otg ls bl {ks=k esa iou pfDd;ka yx jgh Fkha vkSj 70 izfr'kr ÅtkZ lao)Zu Hkh blh ;kstuk ds ek/;e ls gks jgk FkkA ysfdu yxrk gS fd iou ÅtkZ cukus ls gksus okys ykHk ds ykyp esa yksx vk, vkSj mUgksaus ?kfV;k xq.koÙkk

xkaèkh&ekxZ

okyh iou pfDd;ka LFkkfir dha vkSj blh otg ls gesa ns'k ds csgrjhu iou ÅtkZ LFkyksa ls Hkh gkFk /kksuk iM+kA vPNh txgsa f?kj xb±A mRikndksa us ykHk dek fy;k vkSj fctyh tSlh vkSj ftruh cuuh pkfg, Fkh] oSlh cu ugha ikbZA LFkkfir {kerk esa deh ds vU; dkj.k vyx&vyx jkT;ks a dh ifjfLFkfr;ks a ij Hkh fuHkZ j gS a A rfeyukMq esa jkT; ds LokfeRo okyh bdkbZ us iou ÅtkZ mRikndksa dks fiNys ,d o"kZ ls Hkqxrku ugha fd;k gSA cdk;k jkf'k bl o"kZ nh tk jgh gSA rfeyukMq fctyh foHkkx ds foÙk funs'kd th- jktxksiky dk dguk gS fd dqy 1500 djksM+ #i, ds cdk;k esa ls 700 djksM+ #i, fn, x, gSaA jktLFkku esa Hkh Hkqxrku eas nsjh gks jgh gS D;ksafd ogka Hkh jkT; LokfeRo okyh bdkbZ ij iSarkfyl gtkj djksM+ dk dtkZ gSA m|ksx dk dguk gS fd blh vfuf'prrk dh otg ls cSad Hkh iou ÅtkZ ifj;kstukvksa dks _.k nsus ls fgpfdpk jgh gSA ysfdu ea=kky; bl fLFkfr ls drbZ fopfyr ugha gSA ,d vfèkdkjh dk dguk gS ^ge ;g Lohdkj djrs

gSa fd bl o"kZ dk {kerk lao)Zu fiNys o"kZ ls de gksxkA ysfdu vc rjg&rjg dh NwV can gksus ls dsoy xaHkhj izfrLièkhZ gh bl {ks=k esa izos'k djsaxsA bl o"kZ dh igyh frekgh esa Hkys gh 291-7 esxkokV dh gh o`f) gqbZ gks ysfdu gesa izlUurk gS fd dsoy xaHkhj m|fe;ksa us gh bl {ks=k esa izos'k fd;k gSA mudk ;g Hkh dguk Fkk fd o"kZ 2010&11 dh vlkèkkj.k {kerk o`f) ds ihNs dk dkj.k ;g Fkk fd ml o"kZ ekpZ esa fofHkUu NwVksa dk le; lekIr gks jgk Fkk] blfy, m|ksx esa iou pfDd;ka LFkkfir djus dh gksM+ ep xbZA xaHkhj m|fe;ksa dks izksRlkfgr djus ds fy, ge 'kh?kz gh dqN vkSj rjg dh fo'ks"k NwV nsaxsA ea=kky; ds lw=kksa dk dguk gS fd iou fctyh cukus okyksa ds ikl fxzM dks vkiwfrZ ds fy, 150 esxkokV {kerk rS;kj iM+h gSA ysfdu NwVksa ds iqu% izkjaHk gksus dh jkLrk ns[k jgs gSaA rc bldk vFkZ rks ;g gqvk fd i;kZoj.k ds uke ij iou fctyh cukuk Hkh ,d /ka/ks esa cny x;k gS A va d q j ikyhoky

uoacj&fnlacj 2012

izFke iafDr ds 'kh"kZ dfo] Jh Hkokuhizlkn feJ ds 'krkCnh o"kZ ij ,d ikfjokfjd laLej.k] ^Lusg Hkjh maxyh* ¼xka/kh&ekxZ] ebZ&twu 2012½ cM+h mRlqdrk ls i<+kA js[kkafdr djrs x;k vkSj fQj ls i<+kA ftKklk,a vftZr dhaA lc dqN bruk lgt] ljy] tl dk rl fp=k.k yxk] fdarq bruk fujkfHkekuh Hkh D;k gksuk fd cgqr dqN vudgk jg tk,A vLrq] mEehn yxk, gwa fd mu ij ,d iwjk [kkdk ikBdksa ds gd esa vk,xkA ckdh] bl vad esa Hkh vU; vadksa dh rjg vrhr esa Nih fo"k; oLrq,a ize[q k gSAa dqN ,d ys[kksa ds vykokA gks ldrk gS fd dqN lèks gq, ys[kd] ikBd ,slk gh i<+uk lq[kdj ekurs gksa] fdarq ekStwnk gkykrksa] mHkjrs fo"k;ksa ij xka/khoknh n`f"Vdks.k lacaèkh uo&fparu] fopkj&l`tu] uo&ys[ku] ikBdksa dk foLrkjµ ;g lc Hkh D;k t:jh ugha gS\ ikBdksa dks vrhrthoh D;ksa cuk,aA ekStwnk uSfrd iru] lka L Ñfrd {kj.k] i;kZ o j.k dk {k;] lkekftd&vkfFkZd ladV vkfn ds lekèkku gsrq xka/khoknh fo}kuksa ds fopkjksa dks ikBdksa ds le{k ykuk le; dh xgu t:jr gSA jkepUnz feJ] ch-1001] LdkbZykbu foyk] lkeus vkbZ-vkbZ-Vh- esu xsV] eqacbZ&400076

,d fe=k ds gkFk ls xka/kh&ekxZ dk iqjkuk vad feyk flracj 2010 okykA ,slh if=kdk Hkh Nirh gSµ irk ugha Fkk] lkspk Hkh ughsa FkkA mls laHkky dj j[kk vkSj fQj nks&pkj ckj i<+ x;kA fQj nwljs fe=kksa dks Hkh fn[kk;kA tks i<+ ugha ldrs Fks] mUgsa [kqn i<+ dj lquk;kA xSl =kklnh ij bl vad esa Nik ys[k ^Hkksiky% e`R;q dh unh dh dqN cwansa* i<+ dj

og lkjk Hk;kud n`'; vka[kksa ds lkeus ?kweus yxk FkkA dqN cwansa ugha] nq[k dk lkxj maMsy fn;k Fkk ikBdksa ijA ys[k i<+rs&i<+rs dbZ ckj vka[ksa iksNuh iM+rh FkhaA ;g vad iqjkuk gh Fkk] ij esjs fy, ,d u;k vad] ,d u;k vuqHko FkkA vc rks fu;fer ;g feyrk jgs ,slk izca/k d:axkA lkFk gh dqN iqjkus vad Hkh fey tk,a rks vPNkA iafMr feJhyky 'kekZ] fgUn ekWcZy] tycsM+k jksM] vackyk 'kgj&134003 gfj;k.kkA

flracj&vDrwcj dk vad feykA igys ds vadksa dh rjg ;g vad Hkh vn~Hkqr rFkk csfelky gSA gj vad fopkj.kh; rFkk laxgz .kh;A xka/kh ds fopkjksa] ewY;ksa rFkk thou&n'kZu dh eatw"kk gS ;g if=kdkA iBuh;] euuh; rFkk vuqdj.kh; gSA vkt ds bl nkSj esa tc oS'ohdj.k rFkk cktkjhdj.k ds dkj.k if=kdk fudkyuk rFkk mls pyk, j[kuk csgn eqf'dy gh ugha] djhc&djhc ukeqefdu&lk gksrk tk jgk gS] xkaèkh&ekxZ dks bruh csgrjhu lkexzh ds lkFk fcydqy le; ij fudkyus dk ;g dk;Z loZizdkjs.k LrqR; rFkk oanuh; gSA lHkh ys[kksa ds ckjs esa fy[kwa rks dbZ i`"B gks tk,aA blfy, cl bl ckj ds ^iqjkuk pkoy* ds varxZr izks- Ñ".k dqekj ds ^pkj gtkj fjDr in* ij gh nks 'kCn dguk pkgrk gwaA eSa Hkh Lo;a f'k{kk ls tqM+k gwa rFkk Ñ".k dqekj th dks djhc 15 cjlksa ls [kwc i<+rk jgk gwaA iz[;kr f'k{kk'kkL=kh] fpard] fopkjd rFkk lqifz l) ys[kd Jh Ñ".k dqekj us fganh eaas xaHkhj if=kdkvksa ds iBu&ikBu rFkk izdk'ku ds eqn~nksa ij cgqr gh lVhd] lkjxfHkZr rFkk ekfeZd fVIi.kh dh gSA mUgksaus tks dgk gS og

xkaèkh&ekxZ vkt dk dVq ;FkkFkZ gSA vxj dksbZ blls bÙksQkd ugha j[krk rks dguk u gksxk fd 'kk;n og gdhdr ls gh vutku gSA viuh izfl) iqLrd] ^jkt] lekt vkSj f'k{kk* esa Ñ".k dqekj th us ,d txg dgk gS fd lewph fganh iV~Vh esa f'k{kk dk iru jktuhfrd rFkk lkaLÑfrd ewY;ksa ds iru ds lkFk gqvk gSA fganh izns'kksa esa i=k&if=kdkvksa ds iBu&ikBu rFkk izdk'ku ds Ðkl dks bl iru dh i`"BHkwfe esa gh ns[kk tkuk pkfg,A bl ns'k esa 40 djksM+ yksxksa dh ekr`Hkk"kk fganh gSA ys[kd ds lq>kokuqlkj egt pkj gtkj yksx pkgsa rks bl uSjk';iw.kZ ifjn`'; dks cny ldrs gSAa ;kuh gesa vkSlru ,d yk[k esa ,d O;fDr] ,d y{kka'k dh t:jr gS tks fganh ds dke esa [kqn dks lefiZr dj nsA ysfdu D;k ;g gks ik,xk\ eSa dHkh&dHkh eqca bZ dh lkfgfR;d xksf"B;ksa esa tkrk gwAa ;gka ds ys[kd@jpf;rk vc viuh iqLrdksa dh cl 300 izfr;ka Niok jgs gSaA izdk'kuksijkar ml ij ppkZ@ifjppkZ gks tkrh gSA lkekU;r% 25&30 yksx dgha tqV tkrs gSaA leh{kk ds uke ij ^Lrqfrxku* gks tkrk gSA dqy feykdj ^rsjh Hkh tS tS] esjh Hkh tS tS*A gj xks"Bh esa rdjhcu ogh psgjs] vkSj ogh oDrO;A gj dksbZ vius vki esa egkdfo rFkk egku ys[kd dk Hkze ikysA vkRefoeqX/krk dh ijkdk"BkA ;g gky gS fganh lkfgR; ds izdk'ku vkSj fcØh dkA lp esa fganh dk ladV cM+k xgjk gSA fcuk leosr iz;kl] leiZ.k] R;kx rFkk fu"Bk ds fQygky rks gkykr cnyus ls jgsA Ñ".k dqekj feJ] jhMj ^,Q* gkseh HkkHkk foKku f'k{kk dsUnz] VkVk ewyHkwr vuqlaèkku laLFkku] oh-,u-iqjo ekxZ] eku[kqnZ] eqca bZ&400088

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flracj&vDrwcj ds vad esa euh"k jktudj fd'kksj esgj] th dk ys[k ^ty dk HkaMkjk* vPNk yxkA blds Mqxa jhikyh] ftyk&lksuiqj] vksfM'kkA ihNs mÙkj Hkkjr ls vk, dksgyh lekt dk ;ksxnku Hkh crk;k x;k gSA eSa bls Bhd ls le> xka/kh&ekxZ feykA ,d gh cSBd esa i<+ ugha ik;kA egkjk"Vª esa dksyh uked ,d iqjkuk lekt t:j FkkA og rkykc dk dke djrk FkkA x;kA vkt yrk vius lkFk Ldwy ys xbZ gSa

uoacj&fnlacj 2012 i<+usA eqa'kh uoy fd'kksj th ds ckjs esa i<+dj vk'p;Z gqvk fd ijk/khu Hkkjr esa Lojkt ds gj igyw ij dke djus okyh ,slh gfLr;ka FkhaA izsj.kkLin vkSj #fpdj tkudkjh nsus okyk ;s ys[k cgqizlkfjr gksuk pkfg,A v'ks"k xq#] ch&9] xqtjkrh dkWyksuh] psjh rky jksM] cynso ckx] tcyiqj] e- iz-

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if=kdkvksa dks fVdk ldsaxsA muds xzkgd cu djA ysfdu xaHkhj if=kdkvksa dh vklUu e`R;q ds fy, D;k flQZ budh cs#[kh gh mÙkjnk;h gS\ ,slh if=kdkvksa ds can gksus esa vkSj Hkh cgqr ls dkj.k gSAa O;kolkf;d ?kjkuksa ls fudyus okys /keZ;xq ;k lkIrkfgd fganLq rku D;ksa can gks x,\ ;s izfr"Bku fpduh] pednkj if=kdkvksa vkSj foKkiuksa ls ycjst ifjf'k"Vksa ls viuk dks"k Hkjrs gSa] ij xaHkhj if=kdk ;k fopkjkRed lkexzh nsus okyh if=kdk ds ckjs esa dqN ugha lksprsA dkQh yacs le; rd ,d O;kolkf;d izfr"Bku dh if=kdk ls tqM+k gksus ds dkj.k blds ewy esa D;k gS] eSa FkksM+k cgqr tku ldk gwAa ^Maxj cksyh* vkSj ^Lusg Hkjh maxyh* vHkh rd ckj&ckj ;kn vk jgs gSaA

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ntZuksa i=k&if=kdk,a gekjs ;gka izfrekg vkrh gSaA T;knkrj dks myV&iyV dj ns[kdj larks"k dj ysrk gwaA dqN fo'ks"k yxs rks mls vkxs i<+us ds fy, vyx j[k ysrk gwaA fdarq xkaèkh&ekxZ dk vad feyrs gh mls lewpk i<+ tkus ls igys NksM+us dk eu ugha gksrkA bl ckj Hkh ,s l k gh gq v kA flracj&vDrwcj ds vad esa vkpk;Z Ñiykuh ds ys[k vkSj fouksck ij NksVk&lk ij egÙoiw.kZ ys[k lcls igys i<+As nksuksa esa dqN ubZ tkudkjh feyhA fe=k jes'k Fkkuoh dk ys[k mudh if=kdk esa igys gh i<+ pqdk FkkA lcls egÙo dk yxk Jh Ñ".k dqekj dk iqjkuk ys[k] tks vkt Hkh mruk gh izklafxd gSA cgqr T;knk ugha cnyh gS fganh if=kdkvksa dh gkyr vkSj fganh ikBdksa dh ekufldrkA jktfd'kksjth dk ;g vkadyu lgh gS fd pkj gtkj okf"kZd xzkgd dk lacy feys rks fopkj iz/kku if=kdk cuh] fVdh jg ldrh gSA fdarq deh rks bl pkj gtkj lq/kh ikBdksa ds vkxs vkus dh gSA vkSj ;g Hkh lgh gS fd ;s pkj gtkj ikBd fdruh oSpkfjd

,d fe=k ds ?kj ij xka/kh&ekxZ ns[kkA myVk&iyVkA yxk fd buls iwN dj bls ?kj ys tk,aA i<+dj okil dj nwaxkA ?kj tkdj Qqjlr fudky ,d ds ckn ,d lc ys[k i<+ x;kA leL;kvksa dk <sj lkeus [kM+k gSA egkHkkjr dh rjgA vtqZu eksg] fo'kkn] Hkze vkSj vKku esa Mwck [kM+k gSA D;k d:a eSaA ,sls esa Jh Ñ".k mls fojkV n'kZu fn[kkrs gSaA Hkkjrh; Lora=krk laxzke ds nkSjku ns'k dh turk Hkh ,slh gh vlgk; voLFkk esa [kM+h FkhA vaxzstksa ds brus cM+s lkezkT; ls dSls yM+saA xka/khth us Bhd JhÑ".k dh rjg mls mldh vkRek dh 'kfDr dk fojkV n'kZu djok;kA fugRFkh turk esa vn~E; lkgl Hkj dj vkRecy dk vn~Hkqr 'kL=k lkSaikA ifj.kke Fkk Hkkjrh; turk dh fot; vkSj Lora=krk dh izkfIrA vkt [kkM+h ds vusd ns'kksa esa vius rkuk'kkgksa ds fo#) tks vkanksyu py jgs gSa] muesa Hkh vusd vkanksyuksa us xka/khth dks viuh izsj.kk dk lzksr crk;k gSA gekjs vius ns'k esa

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flracj&vDrwcj vadA doj ds uanh cSy ls ysdj vafre i`"B rd dh lkexzh ,slh fd tSls LoPN 'khry ty esa Luku ls feyus okyh 'kkafr vkSj vkuanA vkt nqfu;k esa pkjksa rjQ tks ?kV jgk gS og lc rks grk'kk] Hk;] ?k`.kk] vkrad] vfo'okl ls Hkjk iM+k gSA mlds chp if=kdk dh lkexzh vk'kk] vHk;] izes vkSj fo'okl ds lw=k gekjs gkFkksa esa nsrh gSA bl vad esa Nih ,d NksVh&lh fVIi.kh eu ij cgqr xgjk vlj dj xbZA ^fopkj dk lw[kk vkSj Mwc*A o"kkZ izÑfr dk vuks[kk midkj gSA ij vkt gekjs 'kgjksa us vius dks dqN ,slk :i ns fn;k gS fd tjk Hkh o"kkZ gqbZ ugha fd 'kgj esa ck<+ vk tkrh gSA <sj&lh leL;k,a vk [kM+h gksrh gSaA bl izlax esa ;g NksVh&lh fVIi.kh banz ds iqjanj :i dk Lej.k djk tkrh gSA ikBd dks eqXèk dj nsrh gSA iqjanj dh dFkk] iqjksa dks] 'kgjksa dks rksM+us okys banz dh dFkk caxky esas Hkh gSA

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vkt ml 'kf[l;r dh t;arh gS] ftls eSua s rLohjksa eas gh ns[kkA xquus dh dksf'k'k cgqr dh fdUrq feyh T;knkrj vlQyrk ghA ge lHkh mUgsa egkRek dgrs gSa vkSj vkus okyh ihf<+;ka Hkh ftls lfn;ksa rd dgrh jgsaxhA ij D;k ubZ ih<+h ds eu esa ge ml egkRek dks cSBk ik jgs gSa] le>k ik jgs gS\ mlds vkn'kZ ewY; vkSj thou thus dh dyk dks le> ik jgs gSa\ fo"k; gS fparu dk vkSj eq>s mEehn gS fd bl ij iwjk fparu gksxkA gekjh ubZ ikSèk oafpr ugha jgsxh xkaèkh dks tkuus ls] le>us ls vkSj muds fn[kk, ekxZ ij pyus lsA xka/kh&ekxZ dqN o"kks± ls esjs thou dk fgLlk cu x;k gSA tc Hkh Mkd ls feyrk gS] eSa bls rqjar i<+rk gwa vkSj dqN fnuksa ds fy,

uoacj&fnlacj 2012 rks xka/khe; gks tkrk gwaA esjs bl O;ogkj dk dbZ ckj etkd Hkh mM+k;k tkrk gSA fdarq eq>s yxrk gS xka/kh dks tkuuk vius thou dks tkuuk gSA bl thou ds fy, ge D;k&D;k tru ugha djrsA ij lQy ugha gks ikrs D;ksafd ge mls le> ugha ikrsA vkt nks vDrwcj dks ,d ckj fQj cpiu esa ykSVus dk eu dj jgk gSA tc vkt ds fnu Ldwyksa esa dk;ZØe gksrs FksA ge lHkh cPps mRlkg ls Hkjs gksrs FksA xkaèkhth ij u tkus fdrus dk;ZØe vyx&vyx LFkkuksa ij gksrs FksA fnYyh ds ykyfdys ds eSnku esa ,d cM+k esykA xyh eqgYyksa esa ykmMLihdj ij ctrs ns'k HkfDr ds xhrA nwjn'kZu yxHkx ux.; Fkk ml oDr] ysfdu fnu Hkj jsfM;ks ij xhr o xkaèkhth ls tqM+s :id izlkfjr gksrs Fks] ftUgsa cky eu dku yxk dj lqurk FkkA txg&txg xka/kh dh ppkZA dqN djus dk tks'kA vkt ipiu lky dh mez esa ihNs eqM+dj ns[krk gwa rks cgqr dqN cnyk yxrk gSA vkt ;g lc dgka x;k\ v[kckjksa esa dqN foKkiu] nwjn'kZu ij ,d o`Ùkfp=k vkSj pyks NqêhA xka/kh ,d n'kZu gS] thou gSA mBks igpkuks vHkh Hkh oDr gSA flracj&vDrwcj vad lkeus gSA dbZ ckj i<+k] xquus dh dksf'k'kA lHkh ys[k vPNs o iBuh; gSaA fouksck% xwaxs dk xqM+ fopkj.kh; gS] iBuh; gSA bls i<+dj dqN djus dh izsj.kk feyrh gSA lk/kqoknA blh vad esa ^vlk/kkj.k ;qx ds os lkèkkj.k fnu* ys[k eu dks Nw x;kA esjh csVh e`.ke;h 12 oha d{kk esa mlh Ldwy esa i<+rh gS ftldk o.kZu rkjk cgu us fd;k gSA csVh us Hkh ;g ys[k cgqr mRlkg ls i<+k vkSj ckn esa mls ;g cM+s xkSjo dh ckr yxh fd og Hkh mlh Ldwy esa i<+rh gSA xka/khth dh ewfrZ Hkh ;gka ij gSA ysfdu bl ys[k ls mls irk pyk fd mlds Ldwy esa xkaèkhth ds pj.k iM+s FksA iwjk ys[k i<+dj mlus vius dks lkSHkkX;'kkyh ekuk gSA mls yxk gS fd dgha u dgha og Hkh rkjk cgu ds bl laLej.k ds v/;;u ls rkjk cgu vkSj

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