December 2015 Cattlemen's News by Joann Pipkin

DECEMBER 2015

VOLUME 19 | ISSUE 5

2016 Market Outlook Low Cost Feed Alternatives Tips for Feeding Cows in the Cold

SPRINGFIELD, MO Permit #96 P O Box 634 Carthage, MO 64836

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Mary Fry Agency 1135 E. Broadway St Bolivar, MO 65613 (417) 326-2454 mfry@amfam.com

Steven Haskins Agency 1901 E. 32nd St Ste 16 Joplin, MO 64804 (417) 624-6200 shaskins@amfam.com

Andrew Golian Agency 5898 N Main St Ste 107 Joplin, MO 64801 (417) 781-5533 dgolian@amfam.com

Pamela Greninger Agency 2020 E 7th St Joplin, MO 64801 (417) 623-6363 pgrening@amfam.com

Chris Smith Agency 493 East Hwy 76, Ste G Anderson, MO 64831 (417) 845-7060 csmit4@amfam.com

J Probert Agency 504 Main St Golden City, MO 64748 (417) 537-8629 jprobert@amfam.com

Jeff Hodkin Agency 2417 Fairlawn Dr Carthage, MO 64836 (417) 359-3399 jhodkin@amfam.com

Edmund Leahy Agency 821 S Elliott Ave Ste A Aurora, MO 65605 (417) 678-2244 eleahy@amfam.com

Jan Tate Agency 906 N Osage Blvd Nevada, MO 64772 (417) 667-2035 jtate@amfam.com

Benjamin Roberts Agency 141 Main St Forsyth, MO 65653 (417) 546-5910 broberts@amfam.com

DECEMBER 2015

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Field Representatives

VIEW FROM THE BLOCK

oo much meat! And, the market has been a struggle. We’ve lost 35 to 40 percent of the value in a lot of the cattle, and it will be tough to get that back. We created the problem on our own by making our fed cattle too big, then the dollar is higher. We’ve got more than 30 percent more imports and 30-some percent less exports. That just means more meat. The chances of the market going back up are there, but it will be a struggle to accomplish it. As we get into spring, I expect the lighter weight cattle — those under 600 pounds — will get higher as they will be in high demand to go to grass. The market will be tough, though, all spring on cattle weighing more than 600 pounds. Every month, we’ve been placing fewer cattle on feed, but they are also big. The cowman has made some money, and I expect that trade

to stay pretty good. The heifers, though, are going to get tough to sell unless they have some added value like those in the Show-Me-Select program. There are a lot of them around all over the U.S. Feeder cattle that have been weaned and have some health records behind them will sell above the market. We’ve got another value-added sale coming up on Jan. 7 that will feature those cattle. Health will be a huge issue as we go along. Buyers want the cattle that can offer them less health risk. The holidays are upon us. We’ve all been blessed the last few years. Despite the little struggles we are under now, it’s still been fun in this business. Merry Christmas from all of us at Joplin Regional! Good luck and God bless.

Jackie

Bailey Moore: Granby, MO M(417)540-4343

Skyler Moore: Mount Vernon, MO M(417)737-2615

ARKANSAS Dolf Marrs: Hindsville, AR H(479)789-2798, M(479)790-2697

MISSOURI Dan Haase: Pierce City, MO M(417)476-2132

Billy Ray Mainer: Branch, AR M(479)518-6931

Jim Hacker: Bolivar, MO H(417)326-2905, M(417)328-8905

Kent Swinney: Gentry, AR H(479)736-4621, M(479)524-7024

Bruce Hall: Mount Vernon, MO H(417)466-7334, M(417)466-5170

KANSAS Chris Martin (Video Rep): Alma, KS M(785)499-3011

Mark Harmon: Mount Vernon, MO M(417)316-0101

Alice Myrick: Mapleton, KS H(620)743-3681, M(620)363-0740 Bob Shanks: Columbus, KS H(620)674-3259, M(620)674-1675 LOUISIANA James Kennedy: DeRidder, LA M(337)274-7406 CATTLE RECEIVING STATION OKLAHOMA Russell Boles: Watson, OK M(903)276-1544 Casey Nail: Vinita, OK M(918)244-6232 Chester Palmer: Miami, OK H(918)542-6801, M(918)540-4929 John Simmons: Westville, OK M(918)519-9129, M(417)310-6348 Shane Stierwalt: Shidler, OK M(918)688-5774 MISSOURI Rick Aspegren: Mountain Grove, MO M(417)547-2098 Clay Barnhouse: Bolivar, MO M(417)777-1855 Sherman Brown: Marionville, MO H(417)723-0245, M(417)693-1701 Joel Chaffin: Ozark, MO M(417)299-4727 Rick Chaffin: Ozark, MO H(417)485-7055, M(417)849-1230 Jack Chastain: Bois D’Arc, MO H(417)751-9580, M(417)849-5748 Ted Dahlstrom, DVM: Staff Vet Stockyards (417)548-3074 Office (417)235-4088 Tim Durman: Seneca, MO H(417) 776-2906, M(417)438-3541 Jerome Falls: Sarcoxie, MO H(417)548-2233, M(417)793-5752 Skyler Fisher: Collins, MO M(417) 298-9051 Nick Flannigan: Fair Grove, MO M(417)316-0048 Kenneth & Mary Ann Friese: Friedheim, MO H(573)788-2143, M(573)225-7932 CATTLE RECEIVING STATION Fred Gates: Seneca, MO H(417)776-3412, M(417)437-5055 Brent Gundy: Walker, MO H(417)465-2246, M(417)321-0958

Bryon Haskins: Lamar, MO H(417)398-0012, M(417)850-4382 Doc Haskins: Diamond, MO H(417)325-4136, M(417)437-2191 Mark Henry: Hurley, MO H(417)369-6171, M(417)464-3806 J.W. Henson: Conway, MO H(417)589-2586, M(417)343-9488 CATTLE RECEIVING STATION Joe David Hudson: Jenkins, MO H(417)574-6944, M(417)-342-4916 Steve Hunter: Jasper, MO H(417)525-4405, M(417)439-1168 Larry Jackson: Carthage, MO H(417)358-7931, M(417)850-3492 Jim Jones: Crane, MO H(417)723-8856, M(417)844-9225 Chris Keeling: Purdy, MO H(417)442-4975, M(417)860-8941 Kelly Kissire: Anderson, MO H(417)845-3777, M(417)437-7622 Larry Mallory: Miller, MO H(417)452-2660, M(417)461-2275 Kenny Ogden: Lockwood, MO H(417)537-4777, M(417)466-8176 Jason Pendleton: Stotts City, MO H(417)285-3666, M(417)437-4552 Charlie Prough: El Dorado Springs, MO H(417)876-4189, M(417)876-7765 Russ Ritchart: Jasper, MO H(417)394-2020, M(417)237-0988 Lonnie Robertson: Galena, MO M(417)844-1138 Justin Ruddick: Anderson, MO M(417)737-2270 Alvie Sartin: Seymour, MO M(417)840-3272 CATTLE RECEIVING STATION Jim Schiltz: Lamar, MO H(417)884-5229, M(417)850-7850 David Stump: Jasper, MO H(417)537-4358, M(417)434-5420 Matt Sukovaty: Bolivar, MO H(417)326-4618, M(417)399-3600 Brandon Tichenor: Fairview, MO M(417)540-4717 Mike Theurer: Lockwood, MO H(417)232-4358, M(417)827-3117 Tim Varner: Washburn, MO H(417)826-5645, M(417)847-7831 OFFICE: (417)548-2333 Sara Engler VIDEO CATTLE PRODUCTION Matt Oschlaeger: Mount Vernon, MO M(417)466-8438

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DECEMBER 2015

ay your homes be filled with peace and joy as we remember the reason for the season. Merry Christmas and Happy New Year from all of us at Joplin Regional Stockyards.

inside this issue About the Cover

Winter is upon us. Tips on feeding cows in the cold and what’s in store for next year all in this issue. —Cover design by Joann Pipkin.

Features 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 28 30

Are Packing Plants on the Endangered Species List? Anaplasmosis Makes Its Mark What’s in the Cards? Low-Cost Feed Alternatives 10 Points to Ponder on Feeding Cows through Winter 12 Tips to Get You Winter-Ready Outlook on Land Values Manage Your Risk Safe and Sound

In Every Issue 3 5 8 10 32 33

View from the Block Beef in Brief Health Watch with K-State’s Dr. David Rethorst Next Generation with Darren Frye Market Watch Event Roundup

Publisher/Advertising: Mark Harmon | Email: markh@joplinstockyards.com Phone: 417-548-2333 | Mobile: 417-316-0101 Fax: 417-548-2370 Editor/Design/Layout: Joann Pipkin | Email: editor@joplinstockyards.com Ad Deadline: 2nd Monday of Each Month for Next Month’s Issue Cattlemen’s News, PO Box 634, Carthage, MO 64836 www.joplinstockyards.com Subcription questions can be answered by calling 417-548-2333. Although we strive to maintain the highest journalistic ethics, Joplin Regional Stockyards limits its responsibilities for any errors, inaccuracies or misprints in advertisements or editorial copy. Advertisers and advertising agencies assume liability for all content of advertisements printed, and also assume responsibility for any claims arising from such advertisement made against the Stockyards and/or its publication.

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Cattlemen’s News, published by Joplin Regional Stockyards, is a nuts and bolts news magazine dedicated to helping cattle producers add value to their operations. From “how-to” articles to economics and industry trends, our mission is to put today’s producers in touch with the information and products that will make them profitable for tomorrow. Published monthly. Circulation 10,000.

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DECEMBER 2015

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beef in brief New Website: Resource for Interstate Livestock Movement The National Institute for Animal Agriculture (NIAA) and U.S. Animal Health Association (USAHA) announce the availability of their new website dedicated to simplifying interstate travel requirements for producers, veterinarians and marketers doing business across state lines. InterstateLivestock.com, powered by Trace First, makes it simple to find health requirements before traveling. Users enter their origin, destination and species, and the website gives a comprehensive list of requirements. By entering their location they can also find the nearest approved tagging site. The site currently includes cattle regulations in its first phase, with other species planned in the future. —Source: National Institute for Animal Agriculture.

Applications Available for Missouri Beef Initiative Grants The Missouri Department of Agriculture announced that the Missouri Agricultural Foundation is now accepting applications for grants to grow and enhance the Missouri beef industry. A competitive solicitation process will award 2015 Beef Initiative funds to grant proposals that include applied research and/or commercialization research related to Missouri’s beef cattle industry.

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Grant categories include covered feeding facilities, beef research, fescue tolerance, innovative solutions and economic impact studies, and small/medium-size beef processor modernization. Guidelines and applications are located at agriculture.mo.gov/agfoundation. Applications must be received by the Missouri Agricultural Foundation no later than 5 p.m. Monday, Dec. 7, 2015. Incomplete applications will not be accepted. For more information on the program, visit agriculture.mo.gov. —Source: Missouri Department of Agriculture release.

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DECEMBER 2015

On Target

Insure for the Future Are you producing better than average cattle? Story By Justin Sexten

he cattle market jumps around, but at any one sale you might not see much premium paid for better calves. That’s because so few calves are available to fill orders these days. As the herd grows, however, genetic and health investments offer more chances to add value at ranch level while setting yourself up for a more discriminating market with selective buyers. Comprehensive herd health programs pay in many ways, but the greatest is the ranchlevel rate of return. Vaccinated calves are worth more at weaning, after backgrounding or finished because of reduced sickness and cost throughout the system. Their consistently better health cuts treatment costs by mini-

DECEMBER 2015

mizing both drug and labor needs. How often do we even consider that cost of gathering and treating? Whether a single or group, labor and shrink sometimes exceed drug costs. Being proactive is part of your insurance against having to treat a calf when it’s even less handy. A calf vaccination program leads to improved immunity in your replacement heifers and ultimately cows. They will have improved colostrum that will build more passive immunity to begin the cycle of good health at the calf level. Vaccinated replacements and cows are also less susceptible to the reproductive losses that health challenges bring—that alone should make development of a health program a top priority.

As more replacements have more calves, the increasing cattle inventory favors the standout offerings. A documented health history is a proven way to differentiate calves as premium worthy while capitalizing on the ranch-level benefits to the cow herd. If you retain ownership, you simply pay yourself the premium more directly, as research says you gain the benefits in calf growth, carcass merit and profitability with fewer health challenges. Your calves are not worth much without their health; your proactive management on that front is continuous but short-term insurance. For the long term, genetic improvement is the best production and market insurance product available. It’s slow and sometimes incrementally small, but few other investments can positively influence the entire operation for generations. Genetic investments take at least nine months to pay, in the case of reduced calving difficulty; 16 months to see

the benefit in higher weaning weights, and cattle feeders could wait as long as two years for the ultimate performance and carcass dividends. Predicting markets a year in advance is challenging at best, but those who maintain a long-term vision can’t ignore the trends. The trends say you should look beyond the ranch goals of calving ease and growth, that improving quality grade is a key to making today’s genetic decisions pay off down the road. Producing better-than-average cattle gets more difficult every year as the bar keeps rising. Average carcass quality in 2015 is better than last year and much better than just five years ago. Many lower-quality cows were culled due to the historic 2012 drought, leaving us with cows more capable of producing higher quality calves. Genetic trends suggest continued improvement in prospective herd sires as well. CONTINUED ON NEXT PAGE

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Cattlemen Honored at Beef Cattle Improvement Meeting McElhany, Henson named producers of the year

he Southwest Missouri Beef Cattle Improvement Association (BCIA) recognized two cattlemen at their annual meeting in Springfield, Nov. 12. Lynn McElhany, Republic, and J. W. Henson, Conway, received the association’s producers of the year recognition. Henson, a former dairyman, has developed a 400-cow commercial beef herd. Breed makeup includes Angus and Amerifax. Genetic improvement via artificial insemination using fixed-time or appointment breeding has helped speed his herd’s success. He has sold heifers twice in the Show-MeSelect Bred Heifer Sale with the 50 heifers selling at or near the top in 2012 and 2014. He first purchased performance tested bulls at the association’s 1994 sale. In order to learn more about this steer’s genetic performance post-weaning, Henson put 60 head in the Missouri Steer

INSURE FOR THE FUTURE • FROM PREVIOUS PAGE Today average cattle grade 69 percent Choice and up to 5 percent Prime whereas in 2010, 61.5 percent graded Choice and just a decade ago average cattle were grading 52.9 percent Choice with less than 2 percent Prime. Selection of replacements and bulls with a focus beyond the ranch gate insures future marketing options are available to maintain profitability. Producers cannot predict the market, or in many cases the segment, where future profitability resides. The cattle cycle is built around the time required to change inventory, and that cycle is turning now. Developing a focused genetic and health program today is like buying insurance that your operation will be prepared for the future. —Justin Sexten is director of supply and development for Certified Angus Beef.

Joplin Regional Stockyards field representative and cattleman J.W. Henson received the Cattleman of the Year Award at the Southwest Missouri Beef Cattle Improvement Association annual meeting.

Feedout, 2014. The results were gratifying with 78% grading Choice. McElhany’s 80-cow registered Angus herd was established by his father, Leon, fifty-two years ago. It is now recognized as a historic Angus operation. From the early years of existence performance records via Angus Herd Improvement Records guided their progress. McElhany commented that he recalled in the early years the extension livestock specialist, Carl Lueker, Buffalo brought an old, rickety scale to weigh their cattle. The first BCIA sale McElhany sent bulls to was in 1999. After a few years, he had bulls tested and sold in Kansas. He returned to the Springfield sale in 2013 and has been consigning an outstanding group of 3 to 5 bulls in sales since then. The last few years his bulls have attracted ShowMe-Select bidders for his combination of calving ease and growth. The use of ultrasound and DNA testing have played a role in his selection process. www.joplinstockyards.com

DECEMBER 2015

HEALTH WATCH

How are Your Cattle Built? Nutrition is the foundation of beef cattle production Story By David Rethorst for Cattlemen’s News

ver the course of the nearly two years that I have been writing this column, I have talked about good animal husbandry practices numerous times. Nutrition is one of the more important of these husbandry practices. To better understand the role nutrition plays in beef production, let’s compare building a healthy calf to building a house. We all know that building a house requires two-by-four’s, plywood, trim, siding and various other materials. Before two-by-four’s can be put up, a good foundation is necessary. Nails and screws are key to secure the various components together. Labor is required to assemble the materials. If quality materials and knowledgeable labor are used in the construction, we have a house that will last many years. If not, we have a structure that will require constant, costly repair. In other words, not all houses are created equally. A similar statement can be made in beef production in that not all calves are created equally. This usually relates to how the construction materi-

DECEMBER 2015

als for the calf — protein, energy and trace minerals — are managed during a calf’s lifetime. Protein is necessary in all tissues of the calf, so let’s call protein the twoby-four’s, plywood and other materials necessary for our calf. This protein is derived from feed sources and rumen microbial protein. Energy (labor) to put this calf together will come from the rumen breakdown of fiber and supplemental grain. Trace minerals will be the nails and screws that hold the calf together and make all systems function properly. Building the foundation for a healthy calf that performs well throughout its life begins at conception. Several fetal programming studies have shown us that the cow’s energy levels must be optimal during early pregnancy for the fetus to develop to optimal number of muscle and fat cells. If the energy levels are either below or above the cow’s requirement, a smaller number of both muscle and fat cells will develop. If the proper cells do not develop, an impact on the quality and yield grade of the calf at harvest might exist. Other

studies have shown that providing adequate protein late in pregnancy will have a positive influence on the carcass grade of steers at harvest and the reproductive performance of yearling heifers. Trace minerals are mobilized from the cow to the developing fetus during the last three months of pregnancy. This mobilization is necessary for the calf’s immune system to function properly during the first 60 days of life. It is imperative that the cow consumes the proper amount of trace mineral in the last trimester not only to improve the calf’s immune function, but also for her to have adequate trace mineral storage to cycle and breed back. Two studies in recent years indicate that the way protein and trace minerals are supplemented have a significant impact on respiratory health in the feedyard after a 45-day preconditioning program on the ranch. Hence, the need for a solid foundation. Nutrition also plays a significant role in the quality of colostrum a cow produces. Colostrum is most commonly thought of as a source of antibodies. Protein is the primary building block of antibodies so this is also influenced by our protein supplementation strategy during the last trimester. Fat is another major component of colostrum as it serves as an energy source to warm calves. Providing adequate energy to the cow to maintain a 5.5-6 body condition score at calving will provide adequate fat in the colostrum. Protein supplementation during the

last trimester also has an impact on the absorption of colostrum by the newborn calf. Inadequate protein to the cow will decrease the calf’s ability to absorb those lifesaving antibodies. Now that we have a good foundation, once the calf is born we can proceed with construction. The calf needs protein and energy, which are supplied by milk, in order to grow. The cow’s requirement for both protein and energy go up dramatically following the birth of the calf so she can not only produce adequate milk, but also come into heat and become pregnant again in a timely manner. Construction is still underway, so we still need building materials, or protein and energy, along with some screws and nails, or trace minerals, as we get the calf ready to wean. Trace minerals are still needed so the calf’s immune system is ready for weaning. The protein and energy needs of the cow decrease as milk production begins to decline as the calf ages. Until the time the calf is weaned, we have basically been putting up the walls of our construction project. Cow-calf nutrition is based on the fact that cattle and other ruminants have the unique ability to break down plant fiber, using it to make protein and energy, thus producing high-quality red meat protein. If forage quality is low, small amounts of supplemenCONTINUED ON NEXT PAGE

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Missouri Steer Feedout Kicks off Steers evaluated, head to Iowa feedlot

he 2015-16 Missouri Steer Feedout is underway with 158 early 2015-born steers processed in Paris and Carthage and sent to the Gary Nilan feedlot near Carson, Iowa. That lot is a cooperator with the Iowa Tri-County Steer Carcass Futurity (TCSCF) based in southwest Iowa. The steers were owned by 16 different owners from across the state according to Eldon Cole, livestock specialist with University of Missouri Extension. At the pickup points, the steers were tagged, weighed, graded and priced by Missouri Department of Agriculture Market News Reporters, Steve Disselhorst and Rick Huffman. The set-in price is used to calculate profitability during their five- to a six-month stay in the feedlot.

HOW ARE YOUR CATTLE BUILT • FROM PREVIOUS PAGE tal protein might be necessary to drive this conversion. Once the calf is successfully weaned, the details of our nutrition plan become more defined as we put on the siding, trim and paint to our house. Average daily gain and feed efficiency become important as we strive for profitability in the finishing phase of the industry. If we get this done properly, we have cattle that will produce safe, wholesome beef that provides an enjoyable eating experience AND comes from cattle that have been properly cared for from conception to consumption. Practices used in this construction should be socially acceptable, environmentally sound and create value for both the producer and consumer. How are your cattle built? —David Rethorst is director of outreach for the Beef Cattle Institute at Kansas State University.

The 76 steers processed at the Paris Veterinary Clinic weighed 727 pounds with a price of $188.63 per cwt. The 72 southwest Missouri steers processed at Joplin Regional Stockyards (JRS) weighed 741 pounds and were valued at $179.72 per cwt. Steers, one year earlier weighed 597 and 684 pounds and were valued at $253.33 and $236.25 at Paris and Joplin respectively. The JRS weigh-in coincided with the monthly meeting of the Southwest Missouri Cattlemen’s Association. In addition to weighing and pricing, each owner’s steers went through the sale ring and were critiqued by Skyler Moore of Joplin Regional, Tonto Kissee of Springfield Livestock Marketing Center, Bailey Moore of Joplin Regional and Gary Nilan, owner of the lot in Iowa where the steers will be finished. “The panel made numerous comments about the steers’ appearance, strengths and weaknesses,” said Cole. Favorable comments heard on lots were things like “very uniform,” “shows lots of muscle,” “nice hair for northern feedlots,” and “bred to perform in the feedlot and on the rail.” On the negative side the panel also said “too much fill,” “a buyer would discount these due to their temperament,” “research shows that a few nervous cattle upsets the whole bunch and reduces performance,” “these light calves would be better off going to grass for a while before going to the feedlot.” The feedout program is helpful to smaller cow herds who want to obtain postweaning and carcass information with minimal risk. At least five head of steers are required. The usual dates for delivery to the TCSCF lots in Iowa are the first Tuesday in June and November. —Source: University of Missouri Extension.

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DECEMBER 2015

NEXT GENERATION

Build on a Solid Foundation Farm’s legacy requires solid planning Story By Darren Frye for Cattlemen’s News

Around the transition to a new season, there’s always the sense that change is in the air. It’s in the rapidly changing temperatures and in the sense that another year is slowly coming to an end. The change of the seasons can also be an opportunity to reflect on what’s happened during the past year on your farm, as well as to think about what the future might hold. Start by thinking about some of the things that make you feel proud of your operation and the way it is right now. What are some of the things that make your farm excellent? In what ways is your operation unique? How has your operation grown and changed over the years?

Next, think about the people in the operation. Who is involved now? Why are these particular people involved? What are their roles? Is there anyone who is involved now who might not be in the near future – due to retirement, or other reasons? Who might be involved in the future who isn’t involved right now? Finally, think about what you want the operation to be like in the future. Do you envision multiple families and family members being involved? Are multiple generations working on the farm? Who is the farm’s leader? Who is leading growth and change within the operation to capture new opportunities?

Navigate the pitfalls The legacy of your family’s operation depends on one thing, whether you’re in the older generation and planning to transition the farm soon, or if you are that next generation. It depends on the farm leader’s vision for the future, as they create that vision together with the other stakeholders on the farm. What’s your farm’s legacy plan for the future built on now? Is it mainly built on hopes and wishes of what you’d like the future to be? Or, has a solid foundation been created – that includes input from, and the desires of, all generations? Sometimes we might have hopes and dreams about what we want for the future of our farm, but without a clear plan – including both succession and estate measures – nothing is in place to make sure that our dreams become reality. The key is to build that plan on a solid foundation – with the help of someone such as a legacy advisor, who’s been

there before and has helped farm families through the conversations that need to happen. That legacy advisor knows the emotions that can come up during these discussions and helps farm families keep the dialogue going. These advisors work to help farm families through some of the toughest – and most important – discussions they’ll ever have about the future of their operation. The guidance they bring to the table helps families navigate some of the biggest pitfalls of farm transition planning.

Winter learning opportunity In January, there will be an opportunity in Champaign, Illinois, to learn from farm family business and succession planning expert Jolene Brown. Jolene is a family farm business expert who’s sat at the kitchen table with many families, having these transition discussions. She’ll be sharing eight take-home tools for transitioning labor, management, CONTINUED ON NEXT PAGE

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DECEMBER 2015

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Plan for Facility Improvements Unveiled at Ozark Empire Fair Exhibitors to benefit from 4-H building rennovation

he Ozark Empire Fairgrounds & Event Center is rolling out a plan to make an outdated area of the fairgrounds more accessible, aesthetically pleasing and functional. The project includes remodeling the decades-old 4-H building, expanding the Lester building and constructing a maintenance shed. “We are excited about this project because it puts money in an area that will benefit exhibitors,” said Aaron Owen, Ozark Empire Fairgrounds & Event Center general manager. The 4-H building was constructed in the 1960s and much of it is now far beyond repair. In fact, during the Ozark Empire Fair, 4-H exhibitors no longer use the 4-H building. Instead, they set up their projects in the Live Local Hall in the E*Plex. The improvement plan includes tearing down the dilapidated part of the 4-H building, but saving and remodeling its showerhouse and restrooms. This will give campers and exhibitors access to a much-needed shower-house and restroom facility in that area. The outside of the 4-H building will be resurfaced in tan-colored siding and stone.

options are endless in regards to what it can be rented for,” Owen explained. “We envision it to be used for country weddings, family reunions or winter storage for RVs and boats.” With additional funds raised, the area around the 4-H and Lester buildings will receive asphalt. This will give the fairgrounds additional handicap-accessible parking and additional camping spots. All nearby overhead power lines will be buried to improve safety and make the area more aesthetically pleasing. The last piece of the improvement plan includes building a new maintenance shed to house large equipment like tractors, dump trucks and street cleaners. Steel from the torn-down section of the 4-H building will be repurposed in the construction of the new shed. Last year, more than 530,000 people attended events at the fairgrounds. In 2014, the Ozark Empire Fairgrounds and Event Center spent $297,000 on building remodels, repairs and equipment in order to update its facilities.

ON A SOLID FOUNDATION FROM PREVIOUS PAGE

ing the farm’s performance to the next level.

leadership and ownership in her session at the Water Street EDGE farm business seminar on Jan. 18-19, 2016. Brown’s learning session, ‘If We Huff and Puff, Will We Blow Your House Down?’ will help farm families start to lay the foundation for the legacy of their businesses – the types of transitions I write about each month in this column.

You can find the full agenda for the Water Street EDGE farm business seminar and register by visiting www.waterstreet. org/edge or call 866.249.2528. Groups of five or more people from the same operation can get a discount, so give us a call if you’re interested in having a group of family members or employees from your operation attend.

Also presenting sessions at the seminar will be ag economist Dr. David Kohl as he helps you position your farm for agility in today’s ag economy, noted market analyst Arlan Suderman on ‘Making Sense of the Markets’, Dr. Wayne Sotile on ‘Building a Resilient Farm,’ and myself, speaking on tak-

—Darren Frye is President and CEO of Water Street Solutions, a farm consulting firm that helps farmers with the challenges they face in growing and improving their farms – including the challenge of transitioning the farming operation to the next generation. Contact Darren at waterstreet@ waterstreet.org or call (866) 2492528.

Everything the Ozark Empire Fairgrounds & Event Center accomplishes is done without tax dollars, assessment fees, or subsidies.

to come to complete fruition, they need your help. All donations will be accepted in addition to multi-year pledges. All gifts are tax-deductible. Gifts will be recognized publicly and those exceeding $2,500 will be posted in a prime and permanent location at the building. If you are interested in partnering in this muchneeded project, contact Aaron Owen, OEF general manager at 417-833-2660.

The plan to transform the blighted area into a place of beauty and functionality at the fairgrounds will cost $190,000. The Ozark Empire Fair Board and the Ozark Empire Fair Foundation are pledging money and support to the project. But, for the plan

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The Lester building, situated next to the 4-H building, will also undergo a transformation. The Lester building will be expanded from 1,900 square-feet to 5,700 squarefeet, and it will get decked out in the same tan-colored siding as the 4-H building. Currently, the Ozark Empire Fair must limit the number of entries rabbit and poultry exhibitors bring due to the Lester building’s insufficient size. The expanded facility will allow 4-H and FFA youth and adults to show-off more of their prized rabbits and chickens. In addition, the increased space will give commercial vendors more room during events like FarmFest. “When the building is completed, the www.joplinstockyards.com

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DECEMBER 2015

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Are Packing Plants on the Endangered Species List? Some 50 slaughter plants have closed since 1995 Story By Steve Kay

eat plants used to be a key part of the economy of hundreds of rural towns and several large Midwest cities. But the structure of the beef industry began to change radically in the 1960s, after brandnew company Iowa Beef Packers (IBP) built a new plant in a cornfield in Denison, Iowa. That plant’s closure on Aug. 14, thus, marked the end of an era for IBP, which became part of Tyson Foods in 2001. More importantly, it continued a series of closures that rival those in the late 1990s. Nine processing plants have closed since the start of 2013, representing a daily slaughter capacity of 14,850, or 3.7 million annually, based on 250 operating days.

The statistics reveal the impact of shrinking cattle numbers from 2007, a decline exacerbated by widespread drought from 2010 to 2012. The U.S. cattle population had only three years of modest expansion until 2007. Then numbers fell by 8.843 million until 2014. This forced Cargill in Feb. 2013 to close its Plainview, Texas, plant, taking out 4,650 in daily capacity. This was the largest plant to close. Three other fed-beef plants closed after that. The drought also sharply reduced beef cow numbers to their lowest level since 1941 on Jan. 1, 2014, so five beef cow plants also closed. My data indiCONTINUED ON PAGE 14

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Injectable Minerals Aid in Bull Development Low mineral levels might delay breeding season progress Story By Gilda V. Bryant

o stay healthy, calves require quality feed, water and timely vaccinations. However, new research indicates that young, growing bulls require the right mix of essential macro and trace minerals. With low mineral levels, puberty is often delayed and yearling bulls might not pass a breeding soundness exam (BSE) when they are sold or when breeding season begins. When nutrients are limited in cattle, reproductive development slows in favor of growth. Adequate amounts of vitamins, macro-minerals, trace minerals, protein, fat and carbohydrates are necessary for healthy growth and development of beef cattle. Zinc, copper and selenium are especially important for developing bulls. If they are lacking in these as youngsters, sexual development is undermined. Poor nutrition early in life greatly influences when he reaches puberty, as well as his reproductive potential. For example, the testicular cells that support and control sperm cell development finish multiplying by the time growing bulls are 25 weeks old. Although, those and other testicular cells may grow in size after weaning, the numbers of those cells are determined before weaning. Trace minerals are vital for each stage of reproductive development in young bulls. For instance, manganese is part of the enzyme system that creates cholesterol for testosterone production. Copper and zinc have also been shown to be important in testosterone production. Testosterone controls testicular development and function. Puberty might be delayed, along with slowly developing testicles, if the animal is deficient in copper, zinc and manganese. In addition, optimum mineral levels allow sperm cells to fully develop. Zinc and selenium arrange developing sperm cell

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tails into strong, twisted bundles. The middle sections of sperm cells are slightly thicker than the tails and control the tail’s movement. Copper, manganese, zinc and selenium are critical to tail activity and the sperm cell’s motility. Zinc also plays a role in processes that enable DNA to develop properly in the head of each sperm cell. If any of these steps are not successfully completed, fertilization of eggs is not likely to occur. Zinc is also important for stimulating the appetite. If a young bull has inadequate zinc levels, he consumes less feed, further restricting nutrients that are critical to reach full reproductive potential. In addition, zinc, copper and selenium are essential for immune function. Without a strong immune system, these animals become sick more often, spending precious energy to fight disease. There are several causes of mineral deficiencies. Some minerals, such as molybdenum, iron or sulfur might occur in soils, forages and water supply. In excessive amounts, these minerals become antagonists, binding or preventing absorption of essential trace minerals in the small intestine. By the end of the grazing season, or during drought, dry, mature forages have few nutrients available for beef cattle. Low levels of trace minerals may be in the feed or water, and timid animals might not get a turn at the mineral feeder. Recently, Kansas State University researchers conducted a trial that suggests injectable trace mineral supplementation improves yearling bull development. In this study, 245 bull calves received injectable minerals at seven months and again at 10 months. They also received a total mixed ration containing trace minerals as recommended by the National Research Council (NRC). At 12 months of age, 89 percent of

these animals passed the BSE. The control group of 246 similarly fed bulls that were not injected with mineral supplements, had 86 percent pass their BSE at 12 months of age.

ing. These minerals quickly enter the bloodstream to bypass antagonists in the rumen. Excess minerals are stored in the liver until needed, which is an extra bonus.

This research also suggests that sperm motility scores in the treated bulls were much better than non-treated animals. Having more bulls developed on time per 100 head returns an additional $5 to $15 in revenue per dollar spent on injectable trace mineral supplementation. Those numbers might vary depending on the values of sale bulls, later maturing bulls sold as seed stock and cull bulls.

Available with a veterinarian’s prescription, injectible trace mineral supplementation might be safely administered every 90 days. This product given to bull calves that are vaccinated prior to weaning and 60 days before the BSE ensures they are not deficient in minerals during their sexual development. From a management standpoint, the producer doesn’t have to wonder if his animals received nutrients at the mineral feeder. He knows they are in good mineral status.

Based on body weight, injectable trace minerals are safe to use in newborn calves, and again at branding and wean-

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Anaplasmosis Makes Mark on Beef Industry this Year Once infected, cattle become lifelong carriers Story By Gregg Hanzlicek

naplasmosis has been often reported in Kansas cow-calf herds this year. The disease has been recognized in eastern Kansas herds for many years, but only recently has it been observed in the rest of the state. What is anaplasmosis? This is a blood disease caused by a bacterium called Anaplasma marginale. Once inside the animal, the bacterium reproduce and enter the red blood cells. These red blood cells are then recognized as abnormal and are removed from the blood by the spleen. The clinical signs of anaplasmosis are primarily due to the anemia that results from the red blood cells being removed from the animal’s system. Animals of all ages can become infected, but typically only those older than three show signs of being ill. Signs include open mouth breathing, staggering, aggression, yellow membranes around the eyes or vulva, abortion and commonly death. Finding one or more adult cows dead in a pasture is a very common sign associated with anaplasmosis. Several other diseases that can be mistaken for anaplasmosis exist, so requesting a veterinarian’s necropsy of all dead animals is important for an accurate diagnosis. Infection can occur from anything that moves infected blood to a non-infected animal. A very common way animals become infected is through the bite of a male dog tick, also called the wood tick. Male ticks become infected when they feed on an anaplasma-positive animal and then subsequently feed on a non-infected animal. The bacterium is passed to the noninfected animal through the tick’s saliva. Horse flies, deer flies, stable flies, and mosquitoes also pass infected blood from one animal to another. One of the most common ways infected

DECEMBER 2015

blood is passed between animals is through multiple-use needles. Injecting an infected animal, for example during vaccination, then vaccinating the next animal without changing needles, can pass enough blood to infect the second animal. Tattoo pliers

Fly and tick control is important in preventing anaplasmosis. and dehorners can also move blood between animals. Most infected cattle can, and do, recover from this disease on their own, regardless if they are treated or not. However, treatment with injectable antibiotics is very effective at reducing or eliminating the clinical signs of this disease. Your veterinarian will know which antibiotics are labeled for anaplasmosis treatment. If animals are to be treated, they must be handled very gently because the stress of movement can result in death. Additionally, producers should be aware that many times, even the most docile bovine can become very aggressive during the course of infection. They can even become dangerous! Once cattle are infected, regardless if treated or not, they will become lifelong carriers. These animals will be the blood source of infection for rest of the non-infected herd. The good news is that these carriers, even if re-infected later in life, will not exhibit the clinical signs. Anaplasmosis prevention starts with testing and quarantining all new herd additions. Those herds that did not previously have this disease, and subsequently become infected, are the herds that recently brought in one or more positive animals. These are the herds who typically experience the most severe clinical signs. Fly and tick control are

ENDANGERED SPECIES FROM PAGE 12 cate that 50 plants have closed since 1995, taking out 52,695 in daily capacity. Only 1998-2000 saw more than the 2013-topresent closures. That’s when 18 plants closed that had a daily capacity of 17,603.

Shrinking cattle supplies reshuffle packer rankings Total commercial cattle slaughter in 2015 will fall below 30 million for the first time since 1963, when it totaled 27.232 million. This year’s total is expected to be down 4-5 percent from 2014. Several other plants might therefore struggle to remain open. For fed beef packers, 2015 fed steer and heifer slaughter is expected to decline about 3.5 percent, or 850,000, from last year. Weekly steer and heifer slaughter this year might be as low as 442,000. That’s against 525,000 in 2010. By comparison, the largest steer and heifer slaughter going back to 1965 was in 2000, when the number averaged 580,000 per week. Total cattle slaughter that year averaged 698,000 per week. The industry’s biggest-ever slaughter was in 1976, when commercial slaughter totaled 42.654 million. Weekly cow and bull slaughter that year was nearly twice that of current slaughter levels. Cow slaughter in 1976 averaged 191,000 per week, vs. 102,000 so far this year. Bull slaughter averaged 18,000 per week, vs. 9,000 so far this year.

also important components of a prevention program as are changing needles and disinfecting tattoo pliers and dehorners between every animal. Feeding a mineral containing an antibiotic labeled for anaplasmosis during the pasture season might also help control this disease. Remember, using antibiotics in feed, including mineral, can only be completed legally when following the exact product-label directions. Use your veterinarian’s advice when feeding antibiotics. An anaplasmosis vaccine is also available. Its use requires your veterinarian’s involvement to acquire the vaccine, and because it only reduces the clinical signs and does not

Given the mid-1970s cattle numbers, U.S. beef processing plants were designed to handle large numbers. Seven plants with the capacity to handle 6,000 per day still exist. Such numbers back then enabled beef packers to operate five days per week on two shifts and at least a full shift on Saturdays. But Saturday operations have steadily declined in recent years as available cattle numbers fell. The Saturday slaughter total in 2014, including holiday weeks, averaged 16,395 per week. This was down from 26,763 in 2013 and 45,226 in 2007. So far this year, Saturday kills have averaged 9,885. Plants are also running reduced hours Monday through Friday. Tyson’s plants will run at only 34 hours per week of production per shift in fiscal 2015, and ran at 35 to 36 hours in 2014. Tyson and other fed beef processors expect to operate at slightly higher levels in 2016, as fed cattle supplies increase. But this is not likely to start until March or April. Fed beef processors will struggle to make money this year, which puts some plants on the “endangered species” list. —Source: Steve Kay is editor and publisher of Cattle Buyers Weekly. See his weekly cattle market roundup each Friday afternoon at beefmagazine.com. Reprinted with permission from beefmagazine.com

prevent infection, it should only be used in herds that are already positive. It’s important for cow-calf producers to know that anaplasmosis is prevalent in the country’s midsection this year. Strict biosecurity, including testing and quarantining every herd addition, including breeding bulls, is the key to keeping a herd anaplasmosisfree. Fly control will also help keep the herd negative and will help, along with changing needles between each animal, prevent the spread of this disease within a herd. —Source: Gregg Hanzlicek is veterinarian and director of production animal field investigations for the Kansas State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory. www.joplinstockyards.com

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DECEMBER 2015

TRENDING NOW

What’s in the Cards? Outlook 2016 Story By Lisa Henderson for Cattlemen’s News

mid a cattle market that everyone calls volatile, analysts are left scrambling to determine the impact on next year’s calf prices and beyond. The consensus is lower, but the cattle market’s extreme volatility this fall makes projections ever more difficult. “There are going to be lower cattle prices in 2016, and in 2017 and 2018,” says retired University of Missouri ag economist Ron Plain. “Whenever a market sets records for high prices five years in a row, prices will go down.” Cattle prices hit a peak last year, with 400- to 500-pound steers topping $316 per cwt. last November according to USDA, or more than $1,400 per head for newly weaned calves. That price was more than 50 percent higher than in 2013. But, as Plain says, what goes up must come down. This year those same calves are fetching roughly one-third less than last year, about $950 per head. Much of the weakness in feeder cattle and calf prices this fall, Plain says, is tied to heavy losses in the feeding sector. “Feedlots are struggling in large part because of the high prices they paid for feeder cattle.” Feedyards, according to John Nalivka, Sterling Marketing, Inc., Vale, Oregon, have lost in excess of $350 per head on every animal they shipped for more than four months, and in many cases they lost nearly $500 per head. “This year feedyard closeouts show that the price of a feeder steer was about 80 percent of the total cost of producing a fed steer,” Nalivka says. “Two years ago the feeder steer represented only about 65 percent to 68 percent of the total cost. So, even with lower grain and feed prices, the cost of feeding a steer to finish weight has increased significantly this year while the price of fed cattle is roughly 22 percent lower.” Given the excessive losses feedyards experienced dur-

DECEMBER 2015

ing 2015, it’s only logical to expect they’ll lower their bids on feeder cattle and calves, analysts claim.

“My projections are that next year 450-pound calves will average around $205 per cwt. in November,” Nalivka says. “That would be a decline of about 3 percent from this year’s market. For yearling feeder cattle, I’m projecting another 12-percent decline, to a market price in the $165 per cwt. range.” If Nalivka’s projections are on target, 2016 would produce

cow-calf operators will see average profits per cow of about $270. For perspective, that’s about $30 per cow better than 2013, $60 per cow better than 2012, and about $117 per cow better than 2011. One of the biggest concerns analysts have for next year is beef exports. The strong U.S. dollar has made U.S. beef more expensive in foreign markets and recent trade data shows

“We anticipate demand for feeder cattle will decline, putting downward pressure on feeder cattle prices,” says Kansas State University livestock economist Glynn Tonsor as the profitability of feedyards erodes. “At the same time, there remains much fewer cattle available for placement relative to the amount of feed bunk space in the industry, which provides upward support for feeder cattle prices.” Many of the fundamentals that shaped last year’s record market still point toward relatively good prices for feeder cattle and calves over the next few years. One of the chief drivers of higher cattle prices the past two years was the smaller supply of cattle. For instance, USDA’s Jan. 1, 2014, cattle inventory report put the nation’s cow herd at the lowest level in 60 years. While it’s generally accepted that producers are expanding their herds, it’s a process that will take a few years to erase the deficit in numbers produced by drought-forced liquidation. “Going forward into 2016,” Tonsor says, “I anticipate the calf crop will slowly begin to expand such that the tight supply aspect of the past several years lessens.” Sterling Marketing’s Nalivka holds a similar view. “We should see 4 percent more cattle slaughter next year, against this year’s 5 percent drop.” And, those added cattle will carry about 1 percent more weight to slaughter next year, he says. Still, beef production will be up only about 4 percent next year, after a 3 percent decline in 2015 and a 6 percent decline in 2014, which doesn’t suggest burdensome beef supplies.

the third most profitable year for cow-calf operations in the last 40 years. Sterling Marketing calculates annual returns to cow-calf operations on a cash basis using USDA price reports for calves and estimated cash costs. Average net returns to cow-calf operations in 2014 were estimated at $526 per cow, the highest level achieved in Nalivka’s database. He expects 2015 to be slightly below last year with an average profit per cow of $490. With lower prices for calves, Nalivka estimates next year

exports are down 12 percent during the first nine months of 2015. Exports are critical to prices since they equate to 13 percent of total U.S. beef production, according to the U.S. Meat Export Federation (USMEF). Further, USMEF calculated the value of beef exports amount to $280 of the value of a fed steer.

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DECEMBER 2015

MANAGEMENT MATTERS

Low-Cost Feed Alternatives Are you feeding what your cows really need? Story By Lisa Henderson for Cattlemen’s News

inter feed typically amounts to 50-70 percent of the cost of wintering your cows, according to extension beef nutritionists. It’s only natural for you to seek ways to minimize that cost, but being too frugal with your cows’ nutrition will likely cost you dearly at calving time. That’s why university nutritionists encourage producers to develop a winter feeding plan that’s economical, yet meets the needs of their cow herds. Searching for strategies to achieve economical gains while maintaining adequate nutrition, many producers might evaluate adding grain such as corn to their rations. Grain prices are relatively low compared to a few years ago, but Chris Reinhardt, feedlot extension specialist at Kansas State University, says producers should proceed with caution. “Feeding grain in addition to a base of low-quality, low-cost forages is not a good idea.” Specifically, Reinhardt says, the rapid release of acid from the fermentation of grain will greatly depress forage digestion and actually result in lowering the energy balance of the cow, rather than increasing it. “The exception to this ‘no grain’ rule is if we move completely away from a forage base and choose to limit-feed a grain-based diet instead.” Reinhardt says limit-feeding grain can work well, but requires extensive bunk space so that all cows can eat at the same time. Producers must also have quality mixing and feed delivery equipment to ensure that all cows receive the appropriate mix and amount of grain, protein, minerals, vitamins and forage. “Forage is the basis for any beef cow program, especially when we’re feeding dry, gestating cows. The key is to optimize forage utilization, regardless of what that forage base is,” says Reinhardt.

DECEMBER 2015

Local alternative feedstuffs that are of good quality and effective, such as wheat straw, corn stalks and dormant pasture or low-quality hay can make excellent feed resources, provided producers balance the deficiencies in the forage by providing supplemental natural protein. Shane Gadberry, associate professor at the University of Arkansas, says when selecting and implementing alternative feeds for beef cattle, you should take supplementation, composition (nutrient density), mineral supplementation, description, availability and storage, and feeding and limitations into account. “Total digestible nutrients (TDN) make up the majority of cattle diets,” Gadberry says. “The exact TDN value of a diet is difficult to obtain but cattle producers have the opportunity to have ingredients tested for nutrient composition, which can be used to make diet adjustments.” To maximize forage intake and digestion, protein requirements of cattle must be met. “Protein can be supplemented in the form of wet or dried distiller’s grains, corn gluten feed, soybean meal, or a commercial protein supplement,” says Reinhardt. Additionally, Gadberry says, “Beef cattle should be provided with adequate levels of minerals year-round. When feeding some alternative feeds, special attention should be given to the calcium-to-phosphorus ratio of the diet.” For each alternative feed, consideration should be given to the description, availability and storage, and feeding limitations. Consistency is key, Gadberry says, and making sure there is a constant supply and quality of feedstuffs can affect utilization. Ensuring that the forage is suitable for your herd is also important. For example, a bulky, low-nutrient-density feed might not be desirable for

University of Arkansas Animal Scientist Shane Gadberry says consider description, availability and storage, and feeding limitations for each alternative feed in the cow’s diet. —Photo by Joann Pipkin.

growing animals but might be suitable for mature cows. Finally, make plans based on the effect of the end product. “It is in the long-term best interest of the rancher to provide sufficient energy for the cow to maintain a BCS of at least 5 through calving,” says Reinhardt. “As the calving date approaches, we need to be cognizant of the increasing nutrient requirements of the cow because of the calf growing larger inside the cow,” he adds. “Also, we need to be aware that the cow’s body condition score at the time of calving will greatly dictate the quality of her colostrum, the vigor of the newborn calf, and the timeliness of her return to estrus.” Reinhardt says the main concern when feeding cows grain processing by-products is, “to treat the by-products like grain rather than like forage. Even though most or all of the starch has been removed from grain

processed by-products, such as distiller’s grains, the energy content and the fiber in these ingredients is still highly fermentable and feeding too great of amount per feeding will result in rapid accumulation of fermentation acids and depressed forage digestibility.” In addition to using alternative and low-cost feeds, nutrition experts encourage producers to evaluate their feed delivery systems to minimize hay waste. Hay loss and feed waste might be inevitable, but every producer should examine their current feeding systems to find areas for improvement. Hay loss occurs both at storage and during feeding, so minimizing hay loss requires attention to several areas of an operation. Producers are also encouraged to conduct a forage test on their hay supplies to determine protein and TDN. Such information can greatly improve the success of your winter feeding chores.

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DECEMBER 2015

MANAGEMENT MATTERS

10 Points to Ponder on Feeding Cows Through the Winter Knowing forage quality is key Story By Monty Kerley for Cattlemen’s News

multitude of factors exist that beef producers must consider in developing management protocol for feeding their cowherd through the winter. For most producers, this is the most expensive segment of maintaining the herd throughout the year. Below are some of the most important points that come to mind based on experience working with producers through the years and points that other nutritionists have made that were worth repeating.

1. Forage quality, availability and testing. Forage quality is primarily determined by fiber (Nutrient Detergent Fiber) content, which is related to forage digestibility and intake. One of the most important points in winter-feeding is to make sure cows have not only sufficient amount of forage, but also adequate nutritional quality. We make an assumption that cows can consume 1.2 percent of their body weight daily in NDF. To meet energy requirements for milk production, beef cows might need to consume 2.5 percent or more of their body weight in hay. To meet this intake requirement, the hay source would have to be 48 percent or less in NDF. It is reasonably safe to assume that few hay crops will test at 48 percent or less NDF, particularly this year. Forage intake can be estimated by knowing NDF percent of the forage, and why most top 10 lists on cow nutrition during the winter suggest having hay tested. A hay test can be used to determine if hay is capable of maintaining body condition score and milk production, or more importantly how much weight and body condition you would expect the herd to lose. Consider the quality of the forage fed to cows during the winter and if forage quality is good enough to maintain milk production and body condition score. The goal should be to keep cows at a minimum condition score of 5 through breeding season.

20 DECEMBER 2015

2. Minimize hay waste. Hay costs associated with winter-feeding are one of the greatest expenses in a cow-calf operation. Hay waste tends to be greater as forage quality becomes worse. Waste on highquality hay has been shown to be only 5 percent across a wide range of hay feeders. Waste of poorer quality hay, however, will be considerably greater and was shown to range from 5 percent to more than 20 percent, depending on feeder design. Picking the right type of hay feeder can essentially reduce hay costs by one bale per cow per winter. Research has identified feeders with bottom skirts are the most effective at reducing hay waste.

3. Body condition score. Body weights are arguably the best monitor of a cow’s energy status (thin, average or fat), but potential for measuring body weight is often nonexistent. Body condition score is the second best means of determining energy status of a cow herd. It is important that cows have a body condition score of 5 or greater to maximize breedback potential. One condition score represents around 70 lbs. of body weight. A body condition score that is too low will affect breedback, while a score that is too high results in feed waste. If body condition score begins to fall, better quality hay or byproducts can be used to maintain condition on cows.

4. Two and three year olds. Most producers don’t separate young cows from their herd. However, when hay quality is limited or availability is short, remember the nutrient requirements of young cows in the herd. Young cows are still growing themselves in addition to producing milk. It’s always your best 2-year-olds that don’t breed back, not your worst ones. The reason is that they have the greatest nutrient requirements due to their abil-

ity to grow and produce milk. Don’t penalize them for the genetic progress you have made. In addition to needing more groceries to support their growth potential, research has also shown that young cows and developing heifers respond to balanced amino acid (protein) nutrition. Correct feeding can be as important as more feed.

5. Minerals. Calving and going into breeding season is probably one of the most important times for proper mineral nutrition. Research has repeatedly shown that breeding season can be impacted by poor trace mineral nutrition. Going into winter when demand is elevated (due to milking or third period of gestation) and forage quality might be low is not the time to cut corners on mineral nutrition.

6. Byproduct feeds. If hay is limited or poor in quality, make certain that purchasing hay is your most economical move. Byproducts such as soyhulls, corn gluten feed and wheat midds priced on an energy equivalent might be the cheapest feed resource available to you. Using byproducts requires more handling and feeding management, but their nutritional value is hard to beat with hay. Consider the cost per unit of energy, not just the cost per ton of feed.

7. Wean based on feed resources. No law exists, yet, that requires calves be weaned at 7 months of age. At 4 months of age and older, the calf becomes a competitor for feed resources with its dam. At this age, the calf might be receiving only onefourth of its feed in the form of milk, with the rest coming from pasture or hay. While the pasture and hay is sufficient in nutrient quality for the cow, it probably isn’t sufficient to sustain much growth in the calf. If hay is short in supply, consider weaning the calf and feeding the calf to reach the targeted market weight.

8. Split the cowherd into groups.

ously for young cows. I only need to reference the value that dairy farmers realize in this practice. If you have cows that have less body condition than desired for breeding or calving, separating them and feeding them extra is less expensive than feeding the whole herd, and likely less expensive than having open cows. This could be as simple as placing them in a separate field and feeding 4 to 6 lbs. of byproduct feed per day.

9. Creep feeding. Typically, the inefficiency of feed conversion in nursing calves is high, so we often view creep feeding with the question of its economic value to the producer. However, if weaned calves remain at $2 per lb. or higher the return from creep feeding can be positive. My caution when creep feeding is to consider feed efficiency of the diet fed to calves and to formulate the diet to promote feed efficiency. A traditional approach to creep feeding was one-third each of soyhulls, corn and oats. Calves love the feed, but feed-to-gain ratios can be as bad as 17:1. If cost of feed is more than $2 and value of gain is only $2 then creep feeding won’t pay. Also, creep feeding will not reduce milk production by the cow but will reduce hay and pasture intake by the calf. If you creep feed, the cow will have more to eat, but her nutrient requirements stay much the same.

10. Forage sampling. My opinion is that forage analyses are most beneficial in keeping you from having a wreck. If you enjoy excitement and flying by the seat of your pants, don’t forage test. Know what you have on hand to feed your cattle because that knowledge is not only the best way to prevent poor condition in your cows, but also most importantly, to prevent the need to purchase additional feed resources before everyone else. Knowing nutritional quality of your hay should be a part of your management approach. —Monty Kerley is professor of animal science, nutrition, at the University of Missouri.

Consider splitting the herd into two or more groups based on body condition. This is the same strategy argued previwww.joplinstockyards.com

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DECEMBER 2015

MANAGEMENT MATTERS

12 Tips to Get You Winter-Ready Get you and your livestock ready for the cold Story By Elizabeth Walker for Cattlemen’s News

e will have winter one of these days, though based upon the diversity of the wooly worms, I am not sure if Mother Nature is sure when or how bad our winter will be. I hope you are ready for winter, but what about the farm and your four-legged employees?

As I go through my mind thinking about all the things we had wished we had done to prepare better for winter, and all mechanics aside, I guess these are my top winterizing tips. I asked the husband, and he said I had to put plenty of 5-gallon buckets first on my list.

1. 5-gallon buckets — but not necessarily for feeding. We use them to cover water hydrants so they don’t freeze shut.

22 DECEMBER 2015

2. Rock salt. The husband also suggested this for concrete driveways so you don’t fall and hurt your shoulder. 3. Heat lamps. You never know when you are going to need a heat lamp. Whether for a cold critter or a water pipe or hose that needs thawing, heat lamps come in handy. Be sure your drop cords and extension cords are handy and work as well. 4. Old towels. I seem to wash a whole lot of these during the winter. Why use cute throw rugs for folks to clean their work boots on? I am lazy, and I just use old towels. Then, I can use my foot to clean up any thawed ice or snow. Bleach those nasty towels and they are good to go again. They also work great for treating any injured or cold animals.

5. Have a good supply of flashlights. Include

those that use batteries, are rechargeable and those that you shake or wind to provide light. For some reason, all my flashlights go missing during the year. They make good Christmas presents, but this year, I don’t know if we can wait that long to replenish our supply.

6. Good quality hoses. And, be sure to drain them after use. A frozen hose doesn’t do anyone any good. 7. Generator and propane. I know I said I wouldn’t say anything mechanically inclined, but make sure your generator works and you have plenty of fuel for it as well as your propane heaters. This is important so pay attention, make sure your significant other or oldest, most mature child, knows how to operate them. Yes, every respectable male rancher knows how to operate them, but reference to number 2 and make sure someone other than you knows how to

operate the equipment and where all fuel is.

Hay. I figure most folks who feed have their supply by now, but is it where it will be most convenient for you to get? Perhaps instead of hauling two a day to your farthest field, you should have a few days’ worth already there so that when we have another ice or snow storm, you can decrease the time it takes for you to get food to your animals. The husband also suggested you test your hay if you haven’t already. We had a weird spring and summer; some hay was put up late and might not be the best quality. You might have plenty of hay, but you need to know the quality. Quality is sometimes better than quantity, especially if animals are under stress. Also, take a few of those older bales to your fields in case you need to lay some down for bedding. Perhaps even a few under a roof to prevent net wrap from freezing to your hay would be in order. CONTINUED ON NEXT PAGE

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12 TIPS FROM PREVIOUS PAGE

9. Test soils and plan for spring planting. Soil tests are a useful

piece of information for any farmer. Take the time to really understand what all those numbers mean and compare it to previous years so you know if you are making headway in your soil management. Also, some companies have a prepay policy so, armed with your soil tests, perhaps ordering your seed early will decrease some of your work and stress later.

10. The oddballs — firewood, antifreeze and ice scrapers.

Petroleum jelly for your lips, udders, and it works nicely on rubber to prevent it from freezing. Keep a shovel, ax or hammer in your truck for busting ice. I have found shovels work better than rocks or my boots.

TRENDING NOW

Southwest Missourian Selected as Miss American Angus Jera Pipkin to serve as breed spokesperson s the fifth-generation on Clearwater Farm near Springfield, Missouri, a passion for the Angus breed has been with Jera Pipkin her entire life.

A freshman at Oklahoma State University, Pipkin studies animal science and agricultural communications. She is the daughter of Jim and Joann Pipkin.

Pipkin was crowned the 2016 Miss American Angus during the American Angus Association’s Awards Recognition Breakfast Nov. 5, held as part of the National Angus Convention & Trade Show in Overland Park, Kansas.

Each year, five outstanding young ladies compete for the prestigious title of Miss American Angus and an opportunity to serve the Angus breed as a spokesperson across the country. Hosted by the American Angus Auxiliary, the program

provides one Angus junior the opportunity to serve the breed and assist with shows, educational events and field days to educate others about the beef industry and benefits of Angus genetics. Five finalists were chosen for the Miss American Angus Contest through the Auxiliary’s scholarship application process. While in Overland Park, Kansas, for the National Angus Convention, the young women completed a written test, delivered a speech and interviewed with the panel of three judges. Pipkin succeeds 2015 Miss American Angus Madison Butler from Vincennes, Ind. —Adapted from a release from the American Angus Association.

11. Notepad and pencil for recording your daily chores.

Think about how much time you are spending doing your chores and then put a dollar value to it. Are you being paid for your labor by your business? It might be a good time to find out. Keep track of how much hay you fed, which cows seemed to handle the cold the best and be sure to note any sick animals.

12. Pandora’s Box. Is it full and ready? Do you have a variety of your most common syringes and needles? What about antibiotic ointments or salves? Any nutritional supplement for animals that get weak on you? Are your calf bottles and tubers ready to go for spring calving? Do you have first aid supplies? Elastic wrap, absorbent pads for cuts, soap and sprays? I can’t say I can think of much more to help get you ready for winter, though I am sure more to do’s will be thought of during our next ice or snow storm. I know many of you have your own ideas on what you need once winter sets in and the roads become a bit harder to travel. If you have some ideas, shoot me an email at EWalker@Missouristate.edu. —Elizabeth Walker is associate professor of animal science at Missouri State University.

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DECEMBER 2015

ECONOMIC INDICATORS

Outlook on Land Values Story By Brittni Drennan for Cattlemen’s News

n a state where agriculture reigns and the economy is impacted by commodity prices, Missouri’s farmers and ranchers are constantly watching market trends and making decisions on when to buy and when to sell. Land is no exception. So, is it a buyer’s market? Researchers set out to find the answers. An opinion survey was conducted in July 2015 by the University of Missouri (MU) Extension to measure thoughts and opinions about farmland values in Missouri. Because it is not required for land sale prices to be reported to a government or public agency, the study aimed to help estimate current farmland values and trends throughout the state. A survey report by Ron Plain and Joyce White published in the August MU agricultural economics newsletter noted respondents were asked to exclude tracts smaller than 40 acres or land being converted to developmental or commercial use.

half of the 20 areas of the state since last year. Good cropland is valued the highest for a statewide average of $4,736/ acre. Good pastureland was up in 13 areas of the state for a 3.6 percent increase and a statewide average of $2,767/ acre. Timberland values had the largest difference with a 5.2 percent increase to $1,915/ acre, and hunting/recreation land values increased 4.3 percent for an average of $1,783/ acre. Survey results for cropland and pastureland values are summarized in Map 1 (above right) and Map 2 (below). Visit http://agebb.missouri.edu/ mgt/landsurv/landsurv15.pdf for maps comparing timberland and hunting/recreation land. So, who is buying? Survey respondents thought 69 percent of buyers planned to farm or develop the land themselves. The percentage planning to rent the land out remained unchanged from last year at

cropland. In contrast, high cattle prices and low interest rates were still encouraging for buyers and increased demand for pasture, particularly in south Missouri and areas with poor grain crops. Overall, the perception was that fewer real estate transactions occurred, with a few wealthier buyers compensating by keeping prices up. Over the next year, survey participants expect cropland values to decrease by 3.2 percent and pasture values to increase slightly by 1.2 percent. It’s the same story in Kansas. Due to lower grain prices, farmland values leveled off in 2014 after a steep climb

The survey reported of the 185 respondents who participated, 65 percent were lenders, 15 percent rural appraisers, 4 percent extension specialists, 5 percent broker/realtors, and 10 percent were in other occupations. Respondents provided their estimates of land values as of July 2015 for cropland, pasture, timberland and hunting/recreation land. Cropland and pastureland values were divided into three categories — good, average and poor. Timberland was described as having valuable tress, and hunting/recreation land was considered land with little productive agriculture value but with desirable aesthetic qualities. Classification of land was determined by each respondent’s judgment. For the purpose of comparison, Missouri was divided into 20 areas. Respondents reported the value of good cropland, in their opinion, has increased only slightly, $19 or 0.4 percent, in

24 DECEMBER 2015

value of non-irrigated cropland as compared to irrigated land, and values varied greatly depending on the region within the state. The value of irrigated land in south-central Kansas averaged $6,008 per acre in 2014, whereas irrigated land in southwest Kansas was valued at $3,389 per acre. Taylor said the difference was due to the variances in precipitation, with western counties receiving less rainfall. Similarly, pasture land values varied widely across the state in 2014 ranging from $887 per acre in southwest Kansas to $3,095 per acre in the northeast. Non-irrigated land values ranged from an average of $1,472 per acre in semi-arid regions in southwest Kansas to an average high of $5,133 per acre in northeast Kansas. Taylor said the difference in this case was due to the contrast in soil types. Taylor said there is widespread concern among many farmers that land values will decrease dramatically due to low grain prices, similar to what happened in the 1980s.

20 percent. Buyers planning to use the land for non-farming purposes increased to 11 percent from 2014. Land values are influenced by factors such as commodity prices, weather, profits, interest rates, demand and land availability. Due to wetter than normal weather conditions in the spring and early summer, respondents expected cropland profits to be lower, decreasing the demand for

and have decreased some this year, according to Kansas State University agricultural economist Mykel Taylor. As of August, cropland was valued at an average of $2,210 per acre, but thanks to record high cattle prices, pasture values were 6.9 percent higher at a $1,390 per acre average.

“As long as interest rates stay low and farmers are conservative with their production costs, I think we can avoid another farmland crash, but it all depends on how long we have these low grain prices,” Taylor said. Visit http://www.agmanager. info/farmmgt/land/ for more information about Kansas agricultural land values.

According to property transaction data from the Kansas Department of Revenue, Taylor reported vast difference in the www.joplinstockyards.com

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DECEMBER 2015

ECONOMIC INDICATORS

Who’s Who in World Beef Trade A look at the top global exporters Story By Derrell S. Peel

mong top global beef exporters, the 2016 market situation is quite variable according to the latest USDA World Markets and Trade report for livestock and poultry. India passed Brazil in 2014 to become the No. 1 beef exporter in the world. India, which exports mostly meat from water buffalo (also known as carabeef) continues to see strong

demand from southeast Asia and the halal processing of Indian beef makes the meat popular in Muslim countries. Indian beef exports, which have increased more than three-fold in the last six years, are expected to increase again in 2016 to keep India as the top global beef exporting country. Brazil is expected to regain the

No. 2 position in global beef exports in 2016 with an increase in exports from 2015 but still below the record level of 2014. Brazil’s weak currency is expected to boost 2016 beef exports, but the weak Brazilian economy will limit both beef production and domestic consumption, keeping Brazil as the No. 2 beef exporter in 2016 Australia is projected to drop back into the No. 3spot for beef exports in 2016 after temporarily overtaking Brazil for the second largest beef export total in 2015. Drought-forced liquidation in Australia resulted in a jump in beef production and exports in 2014 and 2015.

Whether or not drought continues, decreased herd inventories in Australia will result in decreased beef production and exports in 2016. At some point, improving forage conditions will prompt herd rebuilding in Australia and result in additional supply squeeze due to heifer retention. A significant portion of increased Australian beef exports in 2014 and 2015 have gone to the U.S. In 2015, Australian exports of beef to the U.S. have exceeded the tariff rate quota with exports at the end of the year subject to over-quota tariff. Australian beef exports to the U.S. are expected to moderate in 2016 from the sharply higher levels of 2014 and 2015. The U.S. has been the fourth largest global beef exporter for several years and is expected to continue in that position in 2016. U.S. beef exports experienced double-digit decreases in 2015 as a result of reduced beef production, high domestic beef prices and a strong U.S. dollar combining to challenge beef exports. Exports are down sharply in 2015 to most major destinations, including Japan, Mexico, Canada and Hong Kong. The only exception is South Korea, still up for the year to date but down year over year in the latest monthly data. U.S. beef exports should stabilize and perhaps grow modestly in 2016 as domestic beef production begins to grow and beef prices moderate somewhat. However, dollar strength is likely to continue and will be a headwind for U.S. beef exports. If current 2016 projections hold, New Zealand, followed by Paraguay, Uruguay, Canada, the European Union and Mexico in that order, export roughly similar quantities. Exports from mature markets and long-time global market players such as Uruguay, Canada and the European Union are relatively stable while beef export newcomers Paraguay and Mexico are still growing rapidly and are likely to move up in the rankings over time. Argentina, currently out of the top 10 global beef exporters, might see modest export growth in 2016 but will likely remain a minor player in global beef markets. Source—Derrell S. Peel is Oklahoma State University Extension livestock marketing specialist.

26 DECEMBER 2015

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FY15 MBIC FINANCIAL ALLOCATION

BEEF CHECKOFF

PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION Salaries & Benefits .....................................................................$ 259,418.25 Travel ............................................................................................$ 38,870.29 Program Implementation Operations ............................................$ 70,027.72 TOTAL PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION $ 368,316.26

ADMINISTRATION Salaries & Benefits .......................................................................$ 34,762.38 Office Operations ............................................................................$ 4,557.50 Board Expenses ...........................................................................$ 34,041.76 Collection/Compliance & Election Expense ..................................$ 28,219.09 TOTAL ADMINISTRATION $ 101,580.73

RESEARCH Shelf-Life Extension ......................................................................$ 19,798.35 Light Source on Ground Beef .......................................................$ 32,761.52 Cow Winter Feed & Meat Quality .................................................$ 13,899.20 Plasma Coating/Beef Safety .........................................................$ 12,000.00 Bacterial Resistant Beef Safety Research ......................................$ 4,184.70 TOTAL RESEARCH $ 82,643.77

EDUCATION/OUTREACH Team Beef Outreach .......................................................................$ 3,399.98 Health & Fitness Outreach ............................................................$ 44,167.08 Classroom Education ....................................................................$ 39,709.67 State Fair Cooking Demonstrations ................................................$ 6,144.81 Influencer Education Outreach/Ranch Tours .................................$ 55,536.52 Industry Relations/Spokespersons .................................................$ 9,633.02 BQA ................................................................................................$ 9,846.13 Buyer Cards ..................................................................................$ 17,682.82 Producer Communications ...........................................................$ 44,470.19 TOTAL EDUCATION OUTREACH $ 230,590.22

PROMOTION Consumer Event Based Advertising .............................................$ 30,785.67 Consumer Print Advertising ............................................................$ 3,635.00 Consumer TV Advertising ...............................................................$ 7,962.50 Consumer Social Media/Web Advertising .....................................$ 66,796.22 Consumer Retail Promotions ........................................................$ 25,396.37 National Promotional Efforts .......................................................$ 220,251.98 TOTAL PROMOTION $ 354,827.74

Income Total Collections .......................................................................$ 1,161,549.70 Other Income ..................................................................................$ 9,333.51 TOTAL INCOME $ 1,170,883.21

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DECEMBER 2015

TOTAL EXPENDITURES.........................................................$ 1,137,958.72

The Missouri Beef Industry Council board maintains close oversight on administration costs of the checkoff. In FY2015, less than 4.5 cents of Missouri’s portion of the checkoff went towards administrative costs for the year. These costs include board expenses and travel costs, administrative salary costs, office operations, and collection and election expenses.

ADMINISTRATION

Provides the foundation for Checkoff funded promotions and information by providing research related to beef safety, nutrition, and new-product innovations. The research results are utilized to enhance the beef eating experience for consumers while also providing science based nutrition information. Research projects funded in 2015 by MBIC included: LED light research on extending shelf-life of beef, plasma coating food preparation/processing surfaces to eliminate harmful bacteria, and initial studies determining carcass quality through herd management practices.

RESEARCH

Informs producers about how their Checkoff dollars are invested and communicates program results. This includes an annual report, advertising, agriculture media, and direct communication with producers at livestock markets, conferences, and producer meetings. Checkoff dollars are also used to promote BQA training in the state and BQA certify Missouri producers.

PRODUCER COMMUNICATION/OUTREACH

Consumers look to a variety of resources when making healthy food choices for their families. Your checkoff dollars work tirelessly to identify, educate and inform these key influencers whom consumers rely on forinformation. These influencers range from health and fitness professionals and dieticians to teachers and physicians. Your checkoff dollars continually interact with these professionals so they can assist us drive beef demand through education. Activities include Beef in the Classroom, Pasture to Plate Tours, American Heart Association partnerships, Marathon partnerships including; Rock n’ Roll St. Louis, Bass Pro Outdoor Fitness Festival, GO! St. Louis, andHospital Hill run in Kansas City, and the Missouri Team Beef running team. These key influencers become the boots on the ground advocacy group for the beef industry. The Beef in the Classroom program and the Missouri Pasture to Plate reach students and consumers from the boot heel into Springfield, Kansas City, St. Louis, and everywhere in between.

EDUCATION

Targeted consumer focused promotional efforts is one of the larger emphasis of producer checkoff dollars. These promotions include consumer based advertising on traditional and digital platforms. The Missouri Beef Industry Council (MBIC) uses these platforms to strategically connect with consumers and share the beef story. In addition to advertising, Checkoff dollars are used for promotional partnerships with restaurants and supermarkets to stimulate sales and promote beef. In FY15, promotional activities included KRCG 13’s Backyard BBQ twelve week television promotion, St. Louis CBS Radio’s Cardinal Opening Day activities, St. Louis Uncorked beef promotion, seven 417 Magazine Cooking Classes in Springfield, Inside Columbia Magazine social media targeted promotions. While these are examples of a few larger promotions, your checkoff dollars work every day promoting beef on a variety of platforms from daily social media consumer engagement to print and consumer event based promotions.

PROMOTION

How Are Your Checkoff Dollars Invested in Missouri?

Management matters

ECONOMIC INDICATORS

Figuring Forage Intake

Manage Your Risk

How much hay will a cow consume?

As beef prices fall, check risk management strategies

Story By Glenn Selk

stimating forage usage by cows is an important part of the task of calculating winter feed needs. Hay or standing forage intake must be estimated in order to make the calculations. Forage quality will be a determining factor in the amount of forage consumed. Higher quality forages contain larger concentrations of important nutrients so animals consuming these forages

should be more likely to meet their nutrient needs from the forages. Also, cows can consume a larger quantity of higher quality forages. Higher quality forages are fermented more rapidly in the rumen leaving a void that the animal can re-fill with additional forage. Consequently, forage intake increases. For example, low quality forages, below about 6 percent crude protein, will be consumed at about 1.5 percent of body weight on a dry matter basis per day. Higher quality grass hays above 8 percent crude protein may be consumed at about 2 percent of body weight. Excellent forages, such as good alfalfa, silages, or green pasture may be consumed at the rate 2.5 percent dry matter of body weight per day. The combination of increased nutrient content and increased forage intake makes high quality forage very valuable to the animal and the producer. With these intake estimates, now produc-

28 DECEMBER 2015

ers can calculate the estimated amounts of hay that need to be available. Using an example of 1,200-pound, pregnant springcalving cows, let’s assume that the grass hay quality is good and tested 8 percent crude protein. Cows will voluntarily consume 2 percent of body weight or 24 pounds per day. The 24 pounds is based on 100 percent dry matter. Grass hays will often be 7 to 10 percent moisture. If we assume that the hay is 92 percent dry matter or 8 percent moisture, then the cows will consume about 26 pounds per day on an “asfed basis.” Unfortunately, we also have to consider hay wastage when feeding big round bales. Hay wastage is difficult to estimate, but generally has been found to be from 6 percent to 20 percent or more. For this example, let’s assume 15 percent hay wastage. This means approximately 30 pounds of grass hay must be hauled to the pasture for each cow each day that hay is expected to be the primary ingredient in the diet. After calving and during early lactation, the cow may weigh 100 pounds less, but will be able to consume about 2.6 percent of her body weight (100 percent dry matter) in hay. This translates into 36 pounds of “as-fed” hay per cow per day necessary to be hauled to the pasture. This again assumes 15 percent hay wastage. Accurate knowledge of average cow size in your herd as well as the average weight of your big round bales becomes necessary to predict hay needs and hay feeding strategies. —Glenn Selk is Oklahoma State University emeritus extension animal scientist.

s risk managers, cattle producers often lag behind corn growers. At extension meetings, Scott Brown, University of Missouri (MU) economist, asks beef producers who thinks cattle prices will continue downward. Most hands shoot up. When he asks who has locked in current prices, which are still at historically high levels, the response is far different. At a “Women in Agriculture” meeting at the MU Beef Farm, no hands went up—indicating no risk protection. Brown points to record-setting returns for herd owners in 2014, when return went above $500 per cow. That topped by five times the previous-year returns. As recently as 2008 and 2009, returns over annual cash costs, including pasture rent, were below zero. In spite of easing in calf prices, good prices can still be locked in. Reasonable prices are still available for forward pricing options. “Starting risk management can bring better nights’ sleep,” he adds. Brown says herd owners have multiple ways to lock in prices. With the oldest, farmers can forward contract cattle for future delivery. Feeder calves or fed cattle can be hedged in the futures market. The newest protection is insurance offered by the Livestock Risk Protection program (LRP). Premiums are underwritten in part by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. “It’s like buying crop insurance,” Brown says. “Agents who offer crop insurance often sell LRP. If they don’t sell it, they will know who does.” Insurance can protect the entire calf crop, or part. Lowering protection levels lowers costs. “Buying livestock insurance is like buying car or house insurance,” Brown says. “You don’t

want to collect. It’s a cost of staying in business.” A November trade report on crop marketing shows corn growers have sold 20 percent of their crop. Another 10 percent of corn is hedged, while 70 percent remains unprotected. That’s for next year’s 2016 crop, which isn’t near planting time yet. Corn farmers went through a record-price boom followed by drastic drops. Herd owners can learn from that. “Cattle producers can handle things differently going ahead,” Brown says. The MU economist points out many risks facing cattle prices that already trend lower. Risks include a strong U.S. dollar that cuts foreign trade, a possible drop in consumer demand, or lower-price pork and chicken that might sway consumers away. Also, growing cattle supplies could cut beef prices. Then disease risks such as mad cow, which halted U.S. beef exports and cut prices, exist. A current slowing of export sales means U.S. consumers have more beef to eat. Profitable prices are still available for protection, Brown says. “Going forward, I worry more about downside risks than upside potential.” Another long-term risk protection comes from improving the herd genetics, Brown says. MU research has shown timed artificial insemination results in higher quality and more uniform calf crops. Quality brings premium prices. Brown points out that prices for higher USDA grade beef remain more stable than prices for lower grades. Reducing price volatility is risk management. “Invest in quality technology and be prepared for what is coming down the road,” he says. “Doing nothing is a strategy.” —Source: University of Missouri Cooperative Media.

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We look forward to working with you in 2016!

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DECEMBER 2015

Harmony House also has an application process, and qualified individuals may receive assistance for 90 days.

TRENDING NOW

Safe and Sound

“Eighty-five percent of domestic violence victims are women,” Munch says, “but we believe that everyone deserves a life free of abuse, male or female.”

Shelters serve victims of domestic violence Story By Joann Pipkin, Editor

he statistics are staggering. One in every four women will experience domestic violence at some point during her lifetime. More than 3 million children witness some form of domestic violence in their home each year. Children who live in homes where there is domestic violence also suffer abuse and neglect at rates between 30 and 60 percent.

tel will accommodate 160 individuals every night, providing 50 more beds and updated facilities for those served.

With the holidays upon us, and the end of year looming, two area agencies are working harder than ever to provide services for victims of domestic violence.

Founded in 1980, Joplin’s Lafayette House offers services similar to those of Harmony House except it also provides a women’s alcohol and drug treatment program.

Harmony House of Springfield and Lafayette House of Joplin both work to provide a safe house for women, children, and in some instances, men. The second largest domestic violence shelter in Missouri, Harmony House provides shelter for 110 individuals every night of the year, according to Esther Munch, director of development and marketing. “We have a 90-day program,” Munch explains. “We serve about 500 individuals in shelter on an annual basis. Because we run at full capacity, we are turning individuals away.” In fact, Munch says more than 2,300 individuals whose lives were in immenent danger were turned away in 2014. “These are individuals that qualified for our program, but we had to turn away because we are out of space.” Because of the need for more space, Munch says Harmony House has launched a capital campaign, having recently purchased a hotel in Springfield. Built in the 1990s, the ho-

30 DECEMBER 2015

The oldest domestic violence shelter in Missouri, Harmony House opened in 1976. It was originally a ministry of First and Calvary Presbyterian Church in Springfield, and its services have since grown.

“In the mid-1980s, we added specialized women’s alcohol and drug treatment,” explains Alilson Malinowski Sunday, Lafayette House executive director. “Today, our mission is to break the cycle of domestic violence and addiction. We offer a safe sanctuary for women and children. We work to promote healing and self-sufficiency through affirmation, education and advocacy.” Both shelters also provide counseling and case management assistance for individuals, working to connect those residents with available resources in the community that might help them get back on their feet. “Many times, people show up here with just the clothes on their back,” Munch says. “We may need to work with them on getting their social security card, their birth certificate. Maybe they need to find a different job. We have programs that we host weekly like building your resume budgeting, parenting.”

facility is close to Kansas. Then, Lafayette House connects the victim with similar programs in that state, usually the next business day. “Some people may only need a few hours of help,” Malinowski Sunday says. “Other people

The first step for a victim is to meet with a case manager and create a safety plan. “That document will detail and be a reminder to the individual on how they and their family will travel to and from the shelter,” Munch says. “During those 90 days, (the victim) works with his or her case manager to learn how to be independent, how to move on,” she continues. “(We help them) realize that they are spe-

How Can You Help?

olunteers are always needed at Harmony House and Lafayette House. From sorting through household donations to assisting with food preparation in the kitchen, individuals and groups are welcome. Contact each shelter for additional information and exact needs:

Harmony House: 417-837-7700 www.myharmonyhouse.org

Lafayette House: 417-782-1772 or 800-416-1772 www.lafayettehouse.org Donations of food, toiletries and gently used furniture and clothing items are accepted. Tax-deductible giving before the end of the year is also available at the shelters. Missouri taxpayers who contribute $100 or more may be eligible for a 50 percent tax credit toward their state taxes. Financial contributions may also be made by selling an animal at a livestock auction of the donor’s choice in either organization’s name or by processing a live animal and donating the meat.

have many barriers to becoming independent or becoming safe. So, obviously they may need services for an extended period of time.”

Licensed childcare is also offered at both shelters.

Lafayette House serves about 1,400 people annually, with much of its funding received from the state of Missouri.

Individuals must meet certain qualifications to get assistance from the shelters. Lafayette House requires Missouri residency and does not have time constraints on the services it provides. However, it will provide emergency shelter for out-of-state residents since the

“We are a flexible facility,” Malinowski Sunday notes. About 32 permanent beds are housed in the domestic violence shelter with an additional 16 in the alcohol and drug treatment program.

cial, that mental and physical abuse they’ve experienced was not deserved. It’s a rebuilding of life, of self.” While the Harmony House program is 90 days, Munch emphasizes it’s not, “90 days and you’re out. You can receive an extension if you are working in the right direction.” “Domestic violence is not something you can put someone on a waiting list for,” Malinowski Sunday adds. “If you need help, you need help now. We never turn anyone down for safety.” www.joplinstockyards.com

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DECEMBER 2015

MARKET WATCH

Joplin Regional Stockyards

JRS Sale Day Market Phone: (417) 548-2012 Mondays (Rick Huffman) | Wednesdays (Don Kleiboeker) Market Information Provided By Tony Hancock Mo. Department of Agriculture Market News Service Market News Hotline (573) 522-9244 Sale Day Market Reporter (417) 548-2012

Market Recap | November 2015 Feeder Cattle & Calf Auction | November 23,993 • Last Month 15,162 • Last Year 22,715

Video Markets from 11/06/15, 11/20/15 & 11/23/15 • Total Video Receipts 11,623 head

Southwest Missouri Show-Me-Select Replacement Heifer Sale Joplin Regional Stockyards, Carthage, MO 11/20/15 Receipts: 293 Year Ago: 521

55 percent of the heifers were artificially bred, and 45 percent were naturally bred. Several new consignorswere involved in this sale. Heifers in the offering were in the 2nd and 3rd stage of pregnancy. Demand was very good and prices strong as compared to the decline in the cattle industry as a whole, with a capacity crowd on hand for the auction. Sale average for the 293 head was 2477.00 which was 412.00/head less than the November 2014 sale. The top selling lot brought 3200.00 per head.

Replacement Bred Heifers: Large 1 2nd and 3rd stage 1233-1255 lbs 2850.00-3200.00. Large 1-2 3rd stage 1112-1267 lbs 2400.00-2675.00,

2nd stage 1135-1235 lbs 2100.00-2350.00 per head. Medium and Large 1 few 2nd most 3rd stage1013-1078 lbs 2600.00-2900.00, some mostly 2nd stage 1048-1070 lbs 2500.00-2550.00 per head. Medium and Large 1-2 2nd and 3rd stage 942-1105 lbs most 2200.00-2500.00, few 2100.00-2150.00 per head. Medium and Large 2 2nd and 3rd stage 930-1030 lbs 1850.00-2100.00 per head. Medium 1 3rd stage 890-917 lbs 2800.00-2900.00, 2nd stage 908-958 lbs 2400.00-2450.00 per head. Medium 1-2 2nd and 3rd stage 845-970 lbs 1950.00-2300.00 per head.

32 DECEMBER 2015

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on the calendar

December

Registration Open for Missouri Cattle Industry Convention

Hay Production School Springfield, Missouri FMI: 417-881-8909

Hay Production School Forsyth, Missouri FMI: 417-546-4431

roots policy process will be on full display.”

American Gelbvieh Assoc. Cattlemen’s Profit Roundup Embassy Suites KCI, Kansas City, Missouri FMI: 303-465-2333

The deadline for preregistration is Dec. 11. Registration material can be found in MCA’s monthly magazine, but is also available online at www.mocattle.com.

Hay Production School Springfield, Missouri FMI: 417-881-8909

Akers encourages anyone interested in Missouri’s beef cattle industry to attend the annual event.

Hay Production School Forsyth, Missouri FMI: 417-546-4431

6 p.m. Replacement Cow and Bull Sale Joplin Regional Stockyards, Carthage, Missouri FMI: 417-548-2333

Last Feeder Cattle Sale of 2015 at JRS FMI: 417-548-2333

Event slated for Jan. 8-10 in Osage Beach

he Missouri Cattle Industry Convention and Trade Show will be held Jan. 8-10, 2016, at the Tan-Tar-A Resort in Osage Beach, Missouri. Missouri Cattlemen’s Association (MCA) President Janet Akers said cattle producers from all areas of the state are expected to attend the threeday event. “The annual convention attracts several hundred Missouri cattle producers,” Akers said. “The event is jam-packed with networking and educational opportunities and features the largest trade show in the state exclusively for individuals involved in Missouri’s beef cattle business. This is also the time that MCA members chart the course for their association. Our grass-

EVENT ROUNDUP

“Anyone who is directly or indirectly involved in the beef cattle industry is encouraged to attend,” said Akers. “This event is for the entire family and we know the next generation of farmers and ranchers will be well-represented.” —Source: MCA Prime Cuts

16-18 Missouri Governor’s Conference on Agriculture Tan-Tar-A Resort, Osage Beach, Missouri FMI: www.agriculture.mo.gov

January 7

Value-Added Feeder Cattle Sale Joplin Regional Stockyards, Carthage, Missouri FMI: 417-548-2333

8-10

Missouri Cattlemen’s Association Convention & Trade Show Tan-Tar-A Resort, Osage Beach, Missouri FMI: 573-499-9162

Replacement

Cow & Bull Sale 6 p.m. | Thurs. | Dec. 17, 2015

Joplin Regional Stockyards | I-44 & Exit 22 | Carthage, Missouri

Expecting 1,000 head. This will be our last sale for 2015.

All Bulls Sell First!

Now accepting consignments! www.joplinstockyards.com

JRS Office | 417-548-2333 Jackie Moore | 417-825-0948 Bailey Moore | 417-540-4343 Skyler Moore | 417-737-2615

www.joplinstockyards.com

Tan is 7505c (0c, 70m, 30y, 55k) Red is Pantone 186 (0c,100m, 81y, 4k) Joplin Regional is Knomen DECEMBER 2015 Stockyards is Playbill Tagline is BaskertonSW-Italic

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AI SERVICES

Contact Mark Harmon at 417-548-2333 to advertise in

cattle

FEED & HAY

Trailers

AC-DC Hay Company Specializing in your hay needs

Need Hay?

Prairie ~ Alfalfa ~ Straw ~ Brome Tony Carpenter 208 North NN Hwy Lamar, MO 64726 Call: 417.448.7883

Your New Gooseneck Dealer Is:

B & B Sales & Service Bolivar, Missouri 65613

417-326-6221

SERVICES

In Stock!

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SUPPLIES

Semen Tested.

Registered Angus Bulls FOR SALE Ready to Work! Jim Pipkin 417-732-8552

WD Pipkin 417-732-2707

View Offering Online at www.clearwaterangus.com

OGDEN HORSE CREEK RANCH

SUPPLIES

KO Reg. Angus Bulls | AI Bred Heifers Bred Cows & Pairs | Quarter Horses

Trevon 417-366-0363

Kenny 417-466-8176

Stay up-to-date on everything JRS

construction

Tune in to the JRS Market Report

Monday 11:38 a.m. Wednesday 11:38 a.m.

BLEVINS ASPHALT CONSTRUCTION CO.

Asphalt Paving-Chip & Sealing • Since 1949 FREE ESTIMATES Commercial – Municipal – Residential FREE ESTIMATES • FOB – PLANT SALES Mt. Vernon, Mo – 417-466-3758 Toll Free 800-995-3598 Blevins Asphalt Blevins Asphalt www.blevinsasphalt.com Construction Co., Inc. Construction Co., Inc. 34 DECEMBER 2015

Monday 12:40 p.m. Wednesday 12:40 p.m. Monday 12:15 p.m. Wednesday 12:15 p.m.

M-F 9:55-10:05 a.m. (during break before AgriTalk) M/W/F Noon Hour (during Farming in the Four States) T/Th Noon Hour (after news block)

Monday 12:50 p.m. & 4:45 p.m. Wednesday 12:50 p.m. & 4:45 p.m. www.joplinstockyards.com

SET SAIL SAN DIEGO Soak up some sun and new ideas for your operation!

CATTLE INDUSTRY CONVENTION NCBA TRADE SHOW

January 27-29, 2016 San Diego, California #BEEFMEET www.beefusa.org

www.joplinstockyards.com

DECEMBER 2015

36 DECEMBER 2015