Singapore_stage 3_Policy Making for Biodiversity

BIODIVERSITY STAGE 3

Group 3 Liu Jiayi Rochelle Moreno Shruthi Srinivas Tapeesh Sood

SUMMARY

BIODIVERISTY

STRATEGIES TO INCREASE BIODIVERSITY SURFACE AREA Ground Greenery

Skyrise Greenery Upper Levels

Small

Medium

Large

BIODIVERISTY

Roof Level

METRICS Plot Size – Area Dedicated to Biodiversity

Surface Area Dedicated to Biodiversity (ha)

8

PLOT SIZE – AREA DEDICATED TO BIODIVERSITY

7

6

Summary For small and medium projects the larger plot size leads to biodiversity integration on the ground as well as on the horizontal surface hence the exponential increase.

5

4

3

For the large projects the same plot size has larger biodiversity, that might because of driver prioritization in individual projects.

2

1

0

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

Plot Size (ha)

CFA - Area Dedicated to Biodiversity Surface Area Dedicated to Biodiversity (ha)

8

CFA– AREA DEDICATED TO BIODIVERSITY

7

6

Summary • In small and medium parcels biodiversity is integrated vertically.

• In large parcels it is dependent on the system prioritization.

5

4

3

2

Small 1

Medium Large

0 0

5

10

15

20

25

CFA(ha)

BIODIVERISTY

30

35

40

45

QUALITATIVE DATA ANALYSIS NATURE RESERVES LAYER

LANDSCAPE MOSAIC

Emergent Layer (>40m) Canopy Layer (35m)

Sub-Canopy Layer (20m) Understorey Layer (17m)

Shrubs & Groundcover Tang, D (2016). Nparks: “Layering before design”

Refuge

Passage

Refuge

Tang, D (2016). Nparks: “Layering before design”

Refuge

Transition

Sample Site | Plaza Singapura

BIODIVERISTY

Shrubs & Tall Grasses

Transition

Sample Site | National Junior College

BIODIVERSITY CERTIFICATION PRINCIPLE To integrate planning for biodiversity conservation with planning for proposed intensification of land use.

Part of the Australia's Biodiversity Conservation Strategy 2010-2030

High Biodiversity Value •

• • •

$

CASE STUDY 1 | AUSTRALIA BIOBANKING Provides new opportunities for conservation on privately-owned land Measured through: • Ecosystem Credit • Species Credit

Endangered Ecological Communities, and ‘overcleared vegetation types’ The verified locations of some threatened species State and Regional Corridors, Vegetation along rivers and creeks.

ASSESSMENT AREA

BENEFITS

PROCESS Stage 1 | Biodiversity assessment • • •

mapping of landscape features native vegetation threatened species / populations matters of national environmental significance (optional)

•

Stage 2 | Impact Assessment (Biodiversity Values) • • •

Avoid and minimise impacts on biodiversity values Consider indirect impacts Determine offset requirement

Stage 2 | Biodiversity assessment •

Identify land proposed for conservation measures

o • • • • •

Policy/Requirement Exemption Development Applications to address biodiversity issues Species Impact Statement Native Vegetation Act 2003 (NV Act) consent authority (Environmental Planning and Assessment Act 1979 Assessment in impact of on biodiversity values

o

Viable network of conservation areas for the long term

o

Economic Savings for Developers

o

Development Application Cost Reduction

o

Encouragement of investment

o

Eligibility for funding from BioBanking to maintain biodiversity area

DEVELOPMENT FOOTPRINT & TO BE RETAINED

BIODIVERSITY OFFSET

BIODIVERISTY

NATIONAL BIODIVERSITY STRATEGY PRINCIPLE

$

CASE STUDY 2 | JAPAN BIOBANKING

BENEFITS

PROCESS

City parks Project

Urban Greening Policies

Development of city parks

Conservation of green spaces

Promotion of greening

Special greens conservation area system

Greens conservation area system

Civil green space system

Productive green zone system

Greening Agreement Greening district system system

BIODIVERISTY

BIODIVERSITY MAP 18 SITES

10x10 kilometer map

BIODIVERISTY

REPLICATION 18 SITES + 60

10x10 kilometer map

BIODIVERISTY

MACRO LEVEL – REGIONAL | POLICY BIODIVERSITY NEW ZONING SAMPLE MASTER PLAN 10x10 kilometre site

LAYERS CORE • Existing forests & nature areas HUBS • Botanic gardens & major urban parks BUFFERS • Private Greens

GREEN CORRIDOR • Proposed connector between core and hub.

DEVELOPMENTS • Refuge (Large Sites) • Passage (Medium) • Transition (Small)

BIODIVERISTY

NEW BIODIVERSITY SPECIAL ZONE

PROPOSED| POLICY

a | footprint 67% b | asphalt 13% c | green 20% c

b

1

d | footprint 62% e | asphalt 13% f | green 25%

a f

Existing

e

1 | Additional GFA 10%

25% of Site Area for Biodiversity

d f

Proposed

e

d

a | footprint 53% b | asphalt 18% c | green 29%

the scope of site area 2

1

1 | Replaced GFA 35% 2 | Additional GFA 10%

3 0 -metre clear

3 0 -metre clearance

b

e

c

35% of Site Area for Biodiversity d e

f

Existing

f

“Passage”

Proposed

a

d b c

Existing

BIODIVERISTY

50% of Site Area for Biodiversity d

e f

Proposed

1 | Replaced GFA 50% 2 | Additional GFA 10% 3 0 -metre clearance

1

3 0 -metre clear

d | footprint 33% e | asphalt 17% f | green 50%

2

e f

“Refuge”

o Replaced GFA • Site area dedicated to Biodiversity shall be replaced in upper floors

o

Stage 3 | Certification : to validate the developments applying for the certification within the newly created Biodiversity Zone (Incentive for construction of these areas and Replaced/Additional GFA to be awarded)

Stage 4 | Impact Assessment : to validate

LARGE PARCEL (Above 7.7-12 Ha) a | footprint 53% b | asphalt 17% c | green 30%

to identify and define the new biodiversity zone

Stage 2 | Implementation : to apply

d | footprint 47% e | asphalt 18% f | green 35%

d

Stage 1| Assessment of High Biodiversity Value :

“ Transition”

MEDIUM PARCEL (1-7.7 Ha)

a

BENEFITS

PROCESS

SMALL PARCEL (0.1-1 Ha)

the development after the certification in life with the value of Biodiversity (Incentive to be given for maintenance)

$ o

Additional GFA • 10% additional GFA will be given

INCENTIVES Biodiversity Incentive (for Area Provided for Biodiversity on Ground/Vertical surfaces/CFA) • 50% of cost to construct area dedicated to biodiversity.

• 100% cost to maintain area dedicated to biodiversity.

MICRO | POLICY

MICRO BIODIVERSITY ZONE PLAN

MICRO BIODIVERSITY ZONE SECTION BIODIVERISTY

AREA CALCULATIONS | APPENDIX

BIODIVERISTY