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LifE anD caREer Utzon was born in Copenhagen, the son of a naval engineer, and grew up in Denmark. From 1937 he attended the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts where he studied under Kay Fisker and Steen Eiler Rasmussen. After graduating in 1942, he went to Sweden to work for Gunnar Asplund. After the end of World War II and the German Occupation of Denmark, he returned to Copenhagen. In 1946 he visited Alvar Aalto in Helsinki . From 1947–48 he travelled in Europe in 1949 in the United States and Mexico. In America he attended Frank Lloyd Wright's school in Arizona. In 1950 he established his own studio in Copenhagen.
•Theater in Zurich, Switzerland
Parliament Building in Kuwait
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Bagsværd Church
Water Tower in Svaneke,
List of works List of works
•His own home in Hellebæk, 1952 •Water Tower in Svaneke, Bornholm (Vandtårnet), 1952 •Opera House in Sydney in Australia (Operahuset i Sydney), 1957 •Roman Houses in Helsingør (Romerhusene), 1958 •Fredensborg Houses (Fredensborghusene), 1962 •Theater in Zurich, Switzerland (Teater i Zürich), 1964 •Eline Berg Houses in Helsingborg, Sweden (Elineberghusene), 1965 •Sports Stadium in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (Sportsstadion i Jeddah), 1967 •Parliament Building in Kuwait (Parlamentsbygningen), 1972 •Bagsværd Church (Bagsværd Kirke), 1976 •Paustian House in Copenhagen harbour (Paustians Hus), 1986 •Skagen Nature Center, Skagen (Skagen Odde Nature), 1989 •Utzon Center Aalborg designed by Jørn Utzon and his son Kim Utzon, 2008
Sydney Opera House, Sydney, Australia, 1956-1973 The Sydney Opera House is an expressionist modern design, with a series of large precast concrete 'shells, each taken from a hemisphereof the same radius, forming the roofs of the structure. The Opera House covers 1.8 hectares (4.5 acres) ofland. It is 183 metres (605 ft) long and about 120 metres (388 ft) wide at its widest point. The roofs of the House are covered with 1,056,006 glossy white and matte creamSwedish-made tiles,The Concert Hall and Opera Theatre are each contained in the two largest groups of shells, and the other theatres are located on the sides of the shell groupings.
The five venues making up the main performance facilities: •The Concert Hall, with 2,679 seats. •The Opera Theatre, a proscenium theatre with 1,507 seats •The Drama Theatre, a proscenium theatre with 544 seats •The Playhouse, an end-stage theatre with 398 seats. •The Studio, a flexible space, with a maximum •capacity of 400 people, depending on configuration .
CONCEPT The extraordinary structure of the shells themselves represented a puzzle for the engineers. This was not resolved until 1961, when Utzon himself finally came up with the solution. He replaced the original elliptical shells with a design based on complex sections of a sphere. Utzon says his design was inspired by the simple act of peeling an orange: the 14 shells of the building, if combined, would form a perfect sphere. Although Utzon had spectacular, innovative plans for the interior of these halls .
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• The Sydney Opera House was made a UNESCO World Heritage Site on 28 June 2007. It is one of the 20th century's most distinctive buildings and one of the most famous performing arts centres in the world. • The Sydney Opera House is situated on Bennelong Point in Sydney Harbour, close to the Sydney Harbour Bridge. It sits at the northeastern tip of the Sydney central business district (the CBD), surrounded on three sides by the harbour (Sydney Cove and Farm Cove) and neighboured by the Royal Botanic Gardens.
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Performance venues and facilities inside the opera house
The Opera House houses the following performance venues: The Concert Hall, with 2,678 seats, is the home of the Sydney Symphony and used by a large number of other concert presenters. It contains the Sydney Opera House Grand Organ, the largest mechanical tracker action organ in the world, with over 10,000 pipes. The Opera Theatre, a proscenium theatre with 1,507 seats, is the Sydney home of Opera Australia and The Australian Ballet. The Drama Theatre, a proscenium theatre with 544 seats, is used by the Sydney Theatre Company and other dance and theatrical presenters. The Playhouse, an end-stage theatre with 398 seats. The Studio, a flexible space with a maximum capacity of 400 people, depending on configuration. The Utzon Room, a small multi-purpose venue, seating up to 210. The Forecourt, a flexible open-air venue with a wide range of configuration options, including the possibility of utilising the Monumental Steps as audience seating, used for a range of community events and major outdoor performances. Other areas (for example the northern and western foyers) are also used for performances on an occasional basis. Venues at the Sydney Opera House are also used for conferences, ceremonies, and social functions.
deSIgN n COnstRUcTIon • Stage I: Podium • Stage I commenced on 2 March 1959 by the construction firm Civil & Civic, monitored by the engineers Ove Arup and Partners. The government had pushed for work to begin early, fearing that funding, or public opinion, might turn against them. However, Utzon had still not completed the final designs. Major structural issues still remained unresolved. By 23 January 1961, work was running 47 weeks behind, mainly because of unexpected difficulties (inclement weather, unexpected difficulty diverting stormwater, construction beginning before proper construction drawings had been prepared, changes of original contract documents). Work on the podium was finally completed in February 1963. The forced early start led to significant later problems, not least of which was the fact that the podium columns were not strong enough to support the roof structure, and had to be re-built.
Stage II: Roof • The shells of the competition entry were originally of undefined geometry, but, early in the design process, the "shells" were perceived as a series of parabolas supported by precast concrete ribs. However, engineers Ove Arup and Partners were unable to find an acceptable solution to constructing them. The formwork for using in-situ concrete would have been prohibitively expensive, but, because • there was no repetition in any of the roof forms, the construction of precast concrete for each individual section would possibly have been even more expensive.
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• The major hall, which was originally to be a multipurpose opera/concert hall, became solely a concert hall, called the Concert Hall. The minor hall, originally for stage productions only, had the added function of opera and ballet to deal with and is called the Opera Theatre. As a result, the Opera Theatre is inadequate to stage large-scale opera and ballet. A theatre, a cinema and a library were also added. These were later changed to two live drama theatres and a smaller theatre "in the round". These now comprise the Drama Theatre, the Playhouse, and the Studio, respectively. These changes were primarily because of inadequacies in the original competition brief, which did not make it adequately clear how the Opera House was to be used. The layout of the interiors was changed, and the stage machinery, already designed and fitted inside the major hall, was pulled out and largely thrown away. • Externally, the cladding to the podium and the paving (the podium was originally not to be clad down to the water, but to be left open).
Few pictures of the opera house
Bagsvard Church, Denmark, 1973-76 Utzon's next major design triumph was a Church in Bagsværd just north of Copenhagen.
It is characterized by a contrasting rectilinear exterior and sharply curving sanctuary ceiling. •The power and clarity of this building echoes the expressionism and humanism of Aalto. •The exterior/ interior dialog at Bagsværd is similar to that at Aalto's Mount Angel Library. •Precast concrete infill elements of standardized dimensions are combined, in a particularly articulate way, with in-situ reinforced concrete shell vaults which span the principalpublic volumes.
Plan And SECTION
Exterior View, Sketches, Curved Ceiling (Bagsvard Church
Kuwait National Assembly, 1972-82
•The two storey complex comprising the National Assembly, ancillary offices and reception halls, is square in plan and based on a 5x5m grid. •Offices are arranged in modules of 20x20m, with open central courtyards and separated from other office modules by a 5m corridor. •This compact structure is crossed by a 12.5m wide central walkway leading to the main entrance, which stands under a high monumental canopy of 3000 m2 that also covers a public square. •Office modules can be added on three-sides of the building and all the public spaces such as reception halls are arranged perpendicularly to the central walkway, on the bay side of the building. •The flat roof is dotted with skylights in the form of the half-barrel vaults providing natural lights to corridors, as well as the library and cafeteria modules that do not have their own courtyard.
His own home in HellebĂŚk, 1952
Thank you‌.. For being a patient audience