Submitted by- Siddharth Jain
Madhya Pradesh INTRODUCTION Madhya Pradesh is one of the states in India which is centrally located. It is also known as heart of India due to its geographical location. Bhopal is the capital of Madhya Pradesh was formed in 1956. The border of this state touches five states: Gujarat, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Chhattisgarh and Maharashtra. The influences of these states are prominent in zones and architecture of Madhya Pradesh. Its culture can be divided in four zones such as Bundalkhand, Baghelkhand, Malwa and Nimar.
Topography of Madhya Pradesh 1. It occupies approximately a Central position in the Indian Map and comes under the North Central zone. 2.The bordering states are: - Rajasthan in the North West, Gujarat in the West, Maharashtra and Andhra Pradesh in the South, Chhattisgarh in the East and Uttar Pradesh in the North. 3.It is the second largest state in India after Rajasthan. Area: - 308,209 sq km or 119,000 sq mi. 4.The capital of MP is Bhopal and the state has 48 districts in total. land of Madhya Pradesh is divided as follows on the basis of share 5.The f various sectors:1. About 33% area is under forests. 2. About 45% is Net Sown Area. 3. About 56.7% is Gross Cropped Area. 4. About 9.6% of land is Not Available for Cultivation.
Climate The Madhya Pradesh weather is characterized by very hot summer days and biting cold winter nights. The monsoon however begins in the month of July and continues upto September. The aspect of Madhya Pradesh weather which concerns most is the rise in temperature. It is really difficult for the outsiders to cope up with the extremities. The temperature begins to rise from March onwards. It differs from region to region. In summer days, the mean maximum temperature rises to about 42.5°C in northern Madhya Pradesh especially at places like Gwalior.
The monsoon is a relief to the utterly hot weather in Madhya Pradesh. The temperature remains moderate till September-October. Thereafter it starts declining. This indicates the arrival of winter. Madhya Pradesh weather gets chilled in winter which attains its height in the month of December and January. The average temperature during winters is as low as 10 °C in the north, while in the south it varies from 10°-15°C. Madhya Pradesh weather is markedly different in the following zones •The •The •The •The •The •The
Northern Plains Hilly Region of the Vindhyas Narmada Valley Malwa Plateau Plains of Chhattisgarh mountainous region of Bastar.
Tabular view for temperature and precipitation per month
CLIMATE ..??? Climate encompasses the statictics of 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
TEMPERATURE HUMIDITY ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE WIND PRECIPITATION ATMOSPHERIC PARTICLE COUNT AND OTHER METEOROLOGICAL ELEMENTAL MEASUREMENTS IN A GIVEN REGION OVER LONG PERIODS.
Land Madhya Pradesh lies over a transitional area between the IndoGangetic Plain in the north and the Deccan plateau in the south. Its physiography is characterized by low hills, extensive plateaus, and river valleys.
6 Climate Factors 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
LATITUDE ALTITUDE LAND - WATER RELATIONSHIP MOUNTAIN BARRIERS OCEAN CURRENT PRAVALING WINDS
CLIMATE AND WEATHER
.The difference between climate and weather is a measure of time .Weather is what conditions of the atmosphere are over a short period of time and climate Is how the atmosphere “BEHAVES” over relatively long period of time.
CLIMATE AND COMFORT
.The climate of a location is affected by its latitude,terrain and altitude,as well as nearby
.Vegetation,water bodies and their currents. Climate affetcs the indoor climate and human thermal comfort.
ELEMENTS OF CLIMATE The most important elements of climate and weather parameters that affect human Comfort and are relevant to building design are : . . . . . .
SOLAR RADIATION LONG WAVE RADIATION TEMPERATURE HUMIDITY WIND PRECIPITATION
PHYSIOGRAPHY The country has been divided into three major physiographic regions viz., the Mountain Region of the Himalayas, the Great IndoGangetic and Brahmaputra Plains and the Traingular Plateau of the Peninsula. Madhya Pradesh falls in the last region i.e. the Traingular Plateau of the Peninsula which is subdivided into following land form units. • Northern Plains: Parts of central highlands covering Gird region fall in this land form unit • Central Highlands: Malwa plateau, parts of Bundelkhand upland, Vindhyan scraplands, Madhya Bharat plateau, and parts of Aravalli range are included in this land form unit.
• Eastern Plateau: This unit includes parts of Baghelkhand plateau (MP & Chhattisgarh), parts of Chhota Nagpur Plateau, Mahanadi Basin and Dandakaranya plateau (Chhattisgarh)
Madhya Pradesh is one of the states in India which is centrally located. It is also known as Heart of India due to its geographical location. Its culture can be divided in four zones such as
1. 2. 3. 4.
BUNDELKHAND REGION MALWA REGION NIMAR REGION BHAGELKHAND REGION
Locally available material in MADHYA PRADESH MUD
Rammed earth, adobe, mud mortar used in random rubble masonry, helps in acoustics and heat resistant.
BAMBOO Because of strength and flexibility widely used as structural skeleton, roofing structure, composite construction and utility items like jaails, baskets etc. TIMBER
Stone
Used as a structural component, in the construction of beams, rafter, trusses, doors, windows and furniture. It is used in masonry, roof, flooring, in-built furniture, Chajjas and Jharakhos are provided for shading.
In Methodology the vernacular and urban dwellings are documented and analyzed on various parameters of culture and architecture. The dwelling of potters and bamboo workers are selected from vernacular and urban settlement.
SELLING SPACE
(open to sky to keep the pots dry)
(lack of space for raw materia land storage)
BAMBOO WORKERS Bamboo workers community lives close to the forest. The Basods are the people belonging to community of bamboo craftsmen who are traditionally dependent on bamboo for their livelihood. They are mostly engaged in construction work like scaffolding or temporary structures. Variety utility items are made like furniture, basket, ornaments, musical instruments, effigies, totems etc. This community is also closely associated with the society, when a girl is married; the essential utility items are given to her in a basket called ‘pitara’ or ‘dori’.
A traditionl dwelling of bamboo worker at Churhat, District Satna, Madhya Pradesh is selected for a case study. They have living and sleeping spaces along the courtyard and the working space is outside the courtyard in front of the dwelling. The courtyard is used for household works, storage space for raw material and a pig house adjacent to the dwelling.
POTTERS (KUMAHAR)
. Potters community lives in separate clusters in village settlement due to their work culture.
. A traditionl dwelling of potters at
Damnod, District Dhar, Madhya Pradesh is selected for a case study.
. In the front there is an open space for working and selling and on the backyard for private space like washing, bathing and other household works.
. In the dwelling the spaces are required for storage of raw material and finished products, preparation of clay, creation of pots, roof tiles or bricks and firing.
Typical Plan and Elevation of kumhars 1.The enclosed spaces are used for sleeping, cooking and living. 2.The toilets are not attached with the dwelling. 3.A separate room for donkey is provided. These communities are associated with ceremonies of birth, marriage and death. 4.The three to four generations live together which forms a strong social binding. 5.The walls are constructed by rammed earth or brick masonry with mud mortar. 6.The brick piers or wooden post are the vertical structural members.
1.The attic is made of bamboo matting with mud mortar or wooden planks and is used as storage space. The stone slabs are rarely used because of site conditions. 2.The roof consists of rafters, purlin with the covering of country tiles. The decorative figures of bird or animal are placed at the ridge. 3.The tiles are moulded and casted or made on potter’s wheel. The plastering is done by mud plaster, red clay, white clay and yellow ochre. The flooring has rammed earth covered with cow dung. The wooden door and windows are double leaf.
Pot making in open area to dry quick
THANK YOU