phywe-cobra3-en

Computer-assisted Experiments for Natural Sciences PHYSICS 路 CHEMISTRY 路 BIOLOGY 路 TECHNOLOGY

Computer-assisted experiments with Cobra3 The Cobra3 system consists of numerous components, which are optimally matched with each other and fulfil all your wishes.

Whether physics, chemistry or biology, demonstration experiment, student experiment or use in practical training: Cobra3 always precisely satisfies your needs!

Particular importance has been placed in fast and easy experiment setup, extremely stable equipment connections and very easy use. Phywe measure measurement software also enables simple and reliable data recording, analysis and further processing.

"measure" measurement software with fully automatic hardware-recognition!

Simply connect to the PC and measure! The measure software automatically recognises the connected hardware.

Demonstration experiment With the DISPLAY UNIT is also very easy to use for demonstration experiments. Up to 4 measured variables can be displayed simultaneously with max.

2 DISPLAY-UNITs!

Direct sensor connection Direct connection of further measuring sensors. Fully automatic sensor recognition prevents errors!

Automatic module recognition Measuring modules for all relevant measured variables.

Fully automatic module recognition prevents sources of errors!

2 x Timer/Counters Both inputs can be used as a time measurer, counter or as a TTL input. One input also as Counter with gate time . Digital sampling rate: 4 MHz

Can be variably adapted to your needs!

Measuring without PC

100 % stable Up to 8 UNIT´s can be cascaded

Demonstration Experiment

500.000 Hz data recording

With the Cobra3 COM-UNIT can also be fully used without a computer!

100% stable thanks to snap connection. Up to 8 measuring UNITs can be connected simultaneously. (Cascading!)

Numerous fixing facilities for fixing to stands. Optimum for demonstration experiments!

Super-fast analog data recording ensures very good measuring results! In many experiments a good replacement for an oscilloscope!

Demonstration class

Safe power supply

Without PC: COM-UNIT + measuring UNIT = Digital multimeter. With additional DISPLAY-UNIT: full quality demo multimeter!

5 V fixed voltage output: so that the Light barriers are not damaged!

PC interface PC interface for communication between Cobra3 and the PC.

Control Input/Output Light barrier connected as drop counter or to control a motor piston burette.

Recorder output For connecting Yt recorder or voltmeter. For analogue presentation of the measured values.

Conductivity measurement

pH - measurement

Simultaneous measurement of both variables possible through electrical isolation of the pH/potential and conductivity inputs!

Physics

for...

Biology

Chemistry

Student Experiment

Demonstration Experiment

Laboratory Experiments

Cobra3: The System From the Cobra3 UNITs to the measuring modules and sensors, measure measurement software and the experiment literature, all elements of the Cobra3 system are optimally matched with each other, from A Z. All system components can be very easily and precisely put together, just as you like!

4 Cobra3 UNITs

Measuring modules

measure measuring software

Measuring sensors

Demonstration displays

Over 200 FREE experiments with preset measuring parameters, measuring curves and detailed descriptions

Over 200 experiment descriptions

Accessories

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For more information please contact your sales partner on the

backside of this brochure.

NOTE: A more detailed overview of the measured variables, sensors, etc. is given in the fold-out page at the end of the brochure!

TIP: You can keep this fold-out page open while working with this brochure. This will enable you to see which equipment and software you require if you want to measure and display a specific measured variable. This overview also contains details of pages, which helps you to quickly find the required equipment in the brochure.

1

Cobra3 UNIT´s Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT

12150.00

Very fast Interface for measurements or open-loop and closed-loop control in physics, chemistry, biology and technology. Can be used either in conjunction with a PC (serial interface) or without a PC together with the Cobra3 COM-UNIT. With USB adapter also connection to USB interface possible. Can be combined with Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT, Cobra3 COM-UNIT with or without Cobra3 DISPLAY-UNIT. Can be extended by additional measuring modules and sensors for nonelectrical measuring quantities. The range of functionality can be updated through the RS 232 interface.

Shock-resistant plastic housing with support bases, a wide range of fixing possibilities and lateral connectors for connecting further units. Measure up to 4 parameters simultaneously.

Smoothed DC voltage source 5 V / 0.2 A for a direct supply of light barriers, indicator lamps or other consumers

Collective connector for plug-in modules for measuring forces, magnetic fields, temperatures, pHvalues, luminous intensities, ...

Connector for an external voltage supply (12 V / 2 A) (If the Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT is combined with other UNIT´s, they require only one external voltage supply)

Lateral connection socket for cascading several BASIC-/CHEM-UNIT´s and for future extensions Ground-related analog input (± 30 V, ± 10 V), 12 bits

Bus system for the communication with the Cobra3 COM-UNIT

Sensor ports S1 and S2 allowing to connect those sensors directly which do not require any measuring module.

Using the Cobra3 measuring module converter and an extension cable it is also possible to connect measuring modules to these ports.

Sub-D connector, 9-pin type, for the serial RS232 communication with a PC! With adapter connection to USB interface possible.

2 timers or 1 timer and 1 counter (TTL IN) Switchable differential analog inputs (± 30 V, ± 10 V, ± 3 V, ± 1 V, ± 0.3 V, ± 0.1 V), 12 bits

Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT All advantages at a glance: 4. Measure up to 4 parameters simultaneously!

1. Very fast! Sampling rate: 500.000 Hz! 5. more than 200 detailed described experiments!

2. 5 analog inputs, use 3 simultaneously!

3. 2 digital inputs (2 x Timer/Counter), sampling rate 4 MHz 6. combine it with Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT, COM-UNIT and DISPLAY-UNIT Technical data: 7 measurement inputs, with: 5 analog inputs (use 3 inputs simultaneously) Modul port: ±10 V Connection: Sub-D- connector, 25-pin type Sensor port 1: ± 30/10 V Connection: 4 mm sockets, Sub-D-connector, 9-pin type Input ground-related Input impedance > 500 k Sensor port 2: ±30/10/3/1/0,3/0,1 V Connection 4 mm sockets, Sub-D-connector, 9-pin type Differential input floated Input impedance 1M Valid for all analog inputs: Sampling rate max. 500.000 Hz Online mode up to approx. 5 kHz Burst mode 5 Hz 500.000 Resolution 12 bits Overvoltage protection 230 V AC Triggering adjustable 2 digital inputs: Timer/Counter 1 and Timer/Counter 2 Counting capacity 32 or 40 bits Sampling rate 1 MHz or 4 MHz Connection 4 mm sockets Configuration possible for: TTL signals: timer-counter/counter Analog signals counter / counter

2

Analog output (included in module ports) Voltage range ± 10 V Resolution 12 bits Connection Sub-D-connector, 9 or 25-pin type Voltage output (e.g. for light barriers): Fixed voltage 5 V / 0.2 A Connection 4 mm sockets Your advantage: Due to fixed voltage of 5 V no destroying of light barrier possible!

General data: RS 232 interface Bit rate Data storage capacity Connection of further units Voltage supply Connection Housing dimensions Weight:

Sub-D-connector, 9-pin type max. 115200 bit/s 12000 values edge connectors, 48-pin type 12 V / 6 W low-voltage socket 190 x 135 x 90 mm 0.4 kg

Cobra3 UNIT´s Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT The entire Chemistry in just one box!

12153.00

Especially developed Interface for measurement applications in the field of chemistry. Can be used either in conjunction with a PC (serial interface) or without a PC together with the Cobra3 COM-UNIT. With USB adapter also connection to USB interface possible.

Can be combined with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT, Cobra3 COM-UNIT with or without Cobra3 DISPLAY-UNIT. The range of functionality can be updated through the RS 232 interface. Shock-resistant plastic housing with support bases, a wide range of fixing possibilities and lateral connectors for connecting further units. Measure up to 8 parameters simultaneously.

Connector for an external voltage supply (12 V / 2 A) (If the Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT is combined with other UNIT´s, they require only one external voltage supply)

Smoothed DC voltage source 5 V / 0.2 A for a direct supply of light barriers, indicator lamps or other consumers.

100% stable connection of several units through interlocking connectors. The units can also be fixed on top of each other by sliding holders.

Analog In: 3 Measurement ranges (adjustable and autorange)

Lateral connection socket for cascading several BASIC-/CHEM-UNIT´s and for future extensions

TTL In/Out: TTL signals for drop counter or for controlling a motor piston burette

Bus system for the communication with the Cobra3 COM-UNIT

Sub-D connector, 9-pin type, for the serial RS232 communication with a PC! With adapter connection to USB interface possible.

6 ranges of measurement (adjustable and autorange), sensors with 4-mm plugs or diode plugs connectable.

Termperature (T4) integrated in diode socket.

pH/Potential: 0..14 pH, -2200...+2200 mV, Connection: BNC socket T1, T2, T3: 3 x Temperature measurement possible with NiCr-Ni sensors

Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT All advantages at a glance: 1. The entire Chemistry in just one box!

2. 10 measurement inputs, 8 simultaneously!

3. pH/Potential and Conductivity are electrically isolated from each other Technical data: 10 measurement inputs: Analog In: 3 ranges of measurement ± (3,2 V; 32 V; 81 V) adjustable and autorange) 4 mm-sockets pH/Potential:

Conductivity:

0...14 pH (0,01 pH) -2200...+2200 mV (±1 mV) input resistance: 1012 BNC socket 6 ranges of measurement (adjustable and autorange) 0 ... 20 µS/cm 20 ... 200 µS/cm 0,2... 2 mS/cm 2 ... 20 mS/cm 20 ... 200 mS/cm 200 ...1000 mS/cm 4 mm-sockets and diode socket

(The inputs pH/Potential and Conductivity are electrically isolated from each other)

4. More than 50 detailed decribed experiments!

5. combine it with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT, COM-UNIT and DISPLAY-UNIT

Temperature T1, T2, T3: for NiCr-Ni-Thermocouples -100°C ... +1500 °C NiCr-Ni-DIN-socket (Typ K) Temperature T4:

for Pt1000 sensor -100 °C ... +850 °C (integrated in the diode socket for conductivity measurements)

Temperature T0:

temperature sensor integrated in the housing -25 °C ... +85 °C

TTL In/Out:

TTL signal for drop counter or for controlling a motor piston burette 4 mm-sockets

Voltage output:

5 V / 0,2 A (e.g. for light barrier as drop counter) 4 mm-sockets

Connections:

RS 232C-D-SUB-9 jack up to 115 200 baud

Voltage supply:

12 V low voltage jack for plug-in power supply unit

Weight:

0.7 kg

3

Cobra3 UNIT´s Cobra3 COM-UNIT

12152.00

For using the Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT or CHEM-UNIT without a computer. Easy connection to the BASIC-/CHEM-UNIT by plugging it into the lateral edge connector. LCD display with background lighting for selecting and presenting the measurement data. It is possible to connect the Cobra3 DISPLAYUNIT or large-format displays for demonstration purposes. Selection wheel for a comfortable use of the menu and for entering data. The operating and evaluation routines can be updated through the RS232 interface. Shock-resistant plastic housing with support bases, a wide range of fixing possibilities and lateral connectors for connecting further units.

Connector for an external voltage supply (12 V / 2 A) (If the Cobra3 COM-UNIT and the Cobra3 BASIC-/CHEM-UNIT are combined, they require only one external voltage supply)

Large-format LCD display with background lighting for displaying the measurement data and menu

Sub-D-connector, 9-pin type, for connecting up to four digital large-format LED displays or two DISPLAY-UNIT´s

Contrast adjustment of the LCD display Bus system for the communication with Cobra3 UNITS Recorder output (0...3 V) for connecting y-t-recorders or voltmeters. The output voltage is always proportional to the value displayed or selected. All measuring quantities (forces, magnetic fields, pH-values ) are converted automatically into voltages.

Sub-D-connector, 9-pin type, can be connected to the RS232 interface of a PC in order to update the COM-UNIT. Push-buttons and adjusting wheel for working with the menu Technical data: LCD display with graphic capability: Resolution: 128x64 pixel Contrast: adjustable Background lighting: LED, can be deactivated

Connectors for: DISPLAY-UNIT or large Sub-D-connector, 9-pin type format display: Units: edge connector, 48-pin type RS 232 interface: Sub-D-connector, 9-pin type Voltage supply: low-voltage socket tY-recorder: 4 mm sockets

General data: Recorder output: 0 3 V Voltage supply: 12 V / 2 W Housing dimensions: 190x135x90 mm Weight: 0.7 kg

Cobra3 COM-UNIT All advantages at a glance: 1. Cobra3 WITHOUT a computer possible!

2. up to 8 BASIC-UNIT´s and/or CHEM-UNIT´s can be connected!

3. display 4 parameters simultaneously 4. -numeric display

Cobra3 DISPLAY-UNIT

5. intuitive and easy use of the menu 6. measured values can be displayed on Display 7. combined with the DISPLAY-UNIT a fully functional demo multimeter

12150.00

With the Cobra3 DISPLAY-UNIT, you can extend your Cobra3 System to a fully functional demo-multimeter. The two large 5-digit displays with a digitheight of 20 mm are supplemented by a dot matrix display, which shows the corresponding unit for the values.

Two additional LED displays above the measured values show you the respective measuring channel, via which the illustrated current values are recorded. In combination with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT or CHEM-UNIT with Cobra3 COM-UNIT all measured values can be displayed. Using the software modul PowerGraph you can connect the DISPLAY-UNIT directly to the PC. Then Data cable, socket/socket, null modem (14603.00) is necessary.

Technical data: UNIT with two 5-digit 20-mm LED displays for digital and LED dot matrix displays for demonstrating units and two dot matrix displays for demonstrating the selected measurement channels.

Connections: 2 RS 232C-D-SUB-9 plugs for connecting up to the Cobra3 COM UNIT via a cable or for connecting up to 2 hand-held devices or 1 balance with 9600 Baud 1 RS 232C-D-SUB-9 jack for connecting an additional Cobra3 DISPLAY UNIT 1 48-pin system plug for direct connection to the Cobra3 COM-UNIT Supply:

4

12V Extra-low voltage jack for plug-in power supply unit

Cobra3 DISPLAY-UNIT All advantages at a glance: 1. Can even be seen from the back row!

2. can be fixed on different support material 3. Using the software modul PowerGraph you can connect the DISPLAY-UNIT directly to the PC. Then, data cable, null modem 14603.00 necessary!

4. up to 2 DISPLAY-UNIT´s (= 4 values) can be connected!

Experimental descriptions Cobra3 detailed, easy and for all topics in the field of Physics, Chemistry and Biology!

More than 200 experimental descriptions are available for all topics in the field of Physics, Chemistry and Biology! Furthermore you can find the experimental descriptions installed on the CD-ROM measure (14500.00). All these experimental descriptions can be used free of charge.

Just select the experiment you want and the measuring parameters, measuring diagrams and descriptions (pdf-file) are loaded automatically. There´s no easier way!

Experimental objective

The first section gives a short description of the Ciruit diagram meaning, the purpose and the teaching objectives The diagrams help to of the experiment understand the laying of the cables and the signal paths in electrical or electronic experiment set-ups.

Measuring parameters

Suggestions for the measuring parameters support you for a quick and successful realisation of the experiment TIP: Select one of the more than 200 installed experiments and the experimental parameters are loaded automatically!

There´s no easier way!

Material list

The complete list of required equipment for the experiment CD-ROM measure with more than 200 installed free experiments!

(Art.Nr. 14500.00)

Photo of experiment

A photo of the experimental set-up facilitate the installation and

Experimental procedure

The experimental procedure and evaluation is explained step by step

Measuring results 01310.02

Handbook Cobra3 Physics, Computerassisted experiments with Cobra3

01320.02

Handbook Cobra3 Chemistry/Biology, Computerassisted experiments with Cobra3

Facts and formulas about the experiment and the results a successful realisation of the experiment

5

Applications Cobra3 COM-UNIT Cobra3 without Computer Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT + Cobra3 COM-UNIT

Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT + Cobra3 COM-UNIT

= Digital-Multimeter

= Digital-Multimeter

Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT + Cobra3 COM-UNIT + Cobra3 DISPLAY-UNIT

Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT + Cobra3 COM-UNIT + Cobra3 DISPLAY-UNIT

= Digital Demo-Multimeter

= Digital Demo-Multimeter

By using the Cobra3 COM-UNIT, NO computer is required to record the measured values All the Cobra3 BASIC and CHEM-UNIT inputs are analysed and displayed by the COM-UNIT Really easy to use thanks to menu controls all functions can be easily selected using a setting wheel and pushbuttons!

The individual units can all be securely connected with each other and can be easily and safety carried as a single unit to the place of measurement!

100% stable!

Experiment example: Weather station The following devices can be replaced by using the Cobra3 COM-UNIT: Simultaneous measurement of: Pressure (Pressure measuring module at port module) Relative air humidity (air humidity sensor directly at the S1 sensor port) Temperature (semi-conductor temperature sensor directly at the S2 sensor port) Wind speed (no picture) (Wind sensor, 4-mm plugs)

6

- Stop clock - Digital counter - Geiger counter - Voltmeter - Thermometer - Hygrometer - Barometer - Teslameter

- Dynamometer - pH-meter - Lux meter - Oxygen meter - Conductivity meter - Potential meter + Combination of these devices

Applications Cobra3 COM-UNIT Cobra3 without Computer Cobra3 COM-UNIT applications!

Digital multimeter in student experiment

With its robust design and 100% secure connection of the UNITs, the Cobra3 is also ideally suited for student experiments.

The fold-out stand bases also enable the UNITs to be placed on the table at an angle, which makes experimenting even more convenient!

Real digital demo Multimeter

Used in conjunction with the Cobra3 DISPLAY-UNIT, the Cobra3 system is ideally suited for demonstration classes.

Up to 2 DISPLAY-UNITs can be connected at the same time, i.e.

4 measured values can be displayed in parallel.

Through diverse fixing facilities on the equipment, the UNITs can always be very easily, quickly and securely fastened.

Conjunction of the UNIT´s. 100% stable!

Only 3 steps to the new measuring device:

1. Plug together the BASIC or CHEM-UNIT and COM-UNIT! 2. Plug the NiCr-Ni measuring module with NiCr-Ni sensor on the module port of the Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT! 3. Which measuring channel (port) is to be displayed large in the LCD display? If a DISPLAY-UNIT is connected this value can of course also be viewed on the display by pressing a button!

COM-UNIT menu control! All values easily and fast at the press of a button!

To measurement channel selection!

put together

Select module or sensor!

open

pull

push in

Ready!

Show measured value in the LCD Display or transfer to the DISPLAY-UNIT

7

Measuring software measure measure measuring software. The intuitive to use measurement software for teaching!

measure measurement software, CD-ROM

Art. No. 14500.00

Phywe s measurement software measure is divided into 2 areas: 1. Free main program for displaying measured values and data analysis 2. Measurement programs for Phywe measuring units for data recording.

FREE main program for data input and analysis

Freeware

FREE Update and Demo Version in the Internet: http://www.phywe.com

1. Free, extensive main program (for issuing to pupils, students, etc.) Analysis possible at home!

2. Free! Over 200 experiment descriptions with preset measuring parameters, measuring curves and experiment descriptions as a pdf file 3. 4 free possibilities for data input via: 1. Functional regulation 2. Manual data input, 3. Graphic data input 4. Data import via clipboard (e.g. Excel, Word, etc.)

4. Data export/import (measured values and graphics) from/to standard Windows programs (Word, Excel, PowerPoint, etc.) via clipboard 5. Free! Can be used in mathematics lessons for discussing curves!

6. Easy, intuitive use of the software through compliance with the Microsoft standard 7. One main program for all UNITs, modules, sensors and other Phywe measuring equipment with PC interface 8. Large functions library Analysis: zeros, extreme values, areas, etc.

Zoom, measure, cut, mark, label, etc.

Fourier analysis and channel conversion Smooth/level, mean value, linear regression, curve fitting, etc.

Function generator; data can be played back with sound card!

With Phywe you only pay for the precise software you need! Nothing more!

Art. No. 14400.61 14507.61 14403.61 14405.61 14406.61 14407.61 14408.61 14409.61 14415.61 14416.61 14417.61 14418.61 14419.61 14420.61 14450.61 14451.61 14470.61 14503.61 14504.61 14505.61 14506.61 14508.61 14509.61 14509.61

Product name Software Conductivity meter Software Cobra3 Lux Software Work/power measuring device Software Temperature measuring device 4-2 Software for electric field meter Software for X-ray unit 35 kV Software pH-measuring unit DEMO Software Demo multimeter Software hand-held measuring device - oxygen Software hand-held measuring device - pressure Software hand-held measuring device - Lux Software hand-held measuring device - conductivity Software hand-held measuring device pH/Potential Software hand-held measuring device -2 x NiCr-Ni Software PHYCON USB interface Software stepped motor Software balance Software Cobra3 temperature Software Cobra3 universal recorder Software Cobra3 oxygen Software Cobra3 radioactivity Software Cobra3 conductivity Software Cobra3 pH/potential Software Cobra3 pH/potential

Art. No. Product name 14510.61 14511.61 14512.61 14514.61 14515.61 14516.61 14518.61 14520.61 14521.61 14522.61 14523.61 14524.61 14525.61

Software Cobra3 pressure Software Cobra3 timer/Counter Software Cobra3 transl./Rotation Software Cobra3 frequency analysis Software Cobra3 force/Tesla Software Cobra3 gas laws Software Cobra3 weather station Software Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT Software Cobra3 Hall effect Software Franck-Hertz experiment Software goniometer Software multi-channel analyzer Software Cobra3 PowerGraph

Upgradable

Our philosophy: Individual, cost-effective software modules for your precise requirements. Your advantage: 1. You only pay for the software module(s) you want to use!

2. You only see the extent of software you require.

Everything not necessary for your application doesn t even appear!

3. Further, software functions required in future can be easily added later!

4. Both the firmware of the units and the software modules can be updated FREE at any time over the internet! You profit from free software developments!

5. You can install all software module as demo version!

Even more convenience: PowerGraph software module: Graphic presentation of the hardware The PowerGraph software module helps you to obtain optimum measured results even faster, easier and more conveniently. Its outstanding features are: 1.

2.

3.

4.

Automatic sensor and module recognition, graphic display of the connected hardware!

Any combination of all measured variables Connected measuring modules and sensors can be easily configured!

Measurements can be repeated at the touch of a button! => All measurement curves in one graph! (e.g. for accelerated movement with different masses, etc.)

5. Any measured variable can be selected for the X-axis (XY graph) 6. Return values (relations) can be displayed! e.g. magnetic hysteresis, Lissajous figures, etc.

7. Virtual measuring channels enable online conversion of measured values (e.g. conversion from °C to K) or off-setting measured values of different measuring channels (e.g. calculation, display of the resistance from current and voltage, etc.)

8

Measuring software measure Data recording with Phywe measuring units one software for all measuring units it couldn t be easier!

Apart from the Cobra3 interface system there are numerous other Phywe measuring devices which have with a PC interface. The advantage: The data recording and data evaluation for all devices can be performed using the measure measuring software!

Two possible ways to measure!

A. Configure experiment yourself 1. Select measuring device

B. Select experiment with preset measuring parameters!

1. Select from over 200 pre-installed experiments, free!

e.g. Cobra3 temperature

2. Configure measurement

e.g. specific thermal capacity of solid bodies (P1349400) Automatically open: Measurement curves and experiment descriptions as a pdf file, the measurement parameters are loaded in the background!

2. Start measurement:

You can adjust the measurement parameters in the measurement window!

Then click on!

Parameters are preset and can be easily changed by you if required Otherwise simply click on

If you want to precisely repeat the settings you can save them in a file and call them up again later!

3. Measurement (the same for both measurement methods!)

In both measurement methods you can easily select between analogue display, digital display or diagram to display the measured values!

The following Phywe measuring units are available with an interface: 1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

X-ray unit 35 kV PHYCON, starter USB interface pH-Meter, demo Work and power meter Demo multimeter Temperature measuring unit 4 2 Goniometer unit Conductivity measuring device Multi-channel analyser Franck-Hertz unit Electric field meter

09058.99 12500.00 13702.93 13715.93 13721.93 13617.93 13903.99 13701.93 13726.99 09105.93 11500.10

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

Hand-held measuring device - oxygen Hand-held measuring device - pressure Hand-held measuring device - Lux Hand-held measuring device - conductivity Hand-held measuring device pH/potential Hand-held measuring device temperature 2xNiCr-Ni

07135.00 07136.00 07137.00 07138.00 07139.00 07140.00

A more detailed overview of the individual measuring devices is given at the end of this brochure.

9

Measurement software Measured value analysis with the measure measurement software innumerable analysis and display possibilities! And all free of charge!

The extensive functions library of measure measurement software ensures the flexibility and diversity expected of powerful modern software!

Up to 16 measurem. curves can be displayed simultaneously!

Click on the relevant button to individually activate or deactivate each measurement curve. Functions and relations can be displayed!

Choose from over 200 experiments!

Under File > Open experiment you can choose from over 200 experiments. The measurement curves, measurement parameters and detailed experiment description are automatically opened as a pdf file.

Simply double click on a measurement curve!

And you are directly in the display options and e.g. can change line thickness, colour, axis scaling, and much more.

Save and print measured values!

All measured series can be saved in their own files. Measured values can be printed as a graph or tables of values.

Analysis tools: Peak analysis, curve analysis, mean value, gradient, integral, extreme values, play back measurement, Fourier analysis, curve fitting, scale curves, equivalent point, smooth, measure curves, linear regression Display tools: Cursor, zoom, set marking, display coordinates, X- and Y-axis can be freely moved and scaled with mouse!

Measurement channel manager All measurement series can be plotted against each other in any combination using the measurement channel manager.

Channel conversion using functions such as: +-*/, abs, x^y, sqr, sqrt, sin, cos, tan, arcsin, arccos, arctan, logarithms, constants: e, , smoothing measured value series, delete measured values.

Export data Measured values can be copied into the clipboard as a graph or numbers and can therefore be transferred to other programs such as e.g. Excel, Word, PowerPoint, etc.

Generate new measured value columns New columns are inserted in the table of values by mathematical conversion of the measured series.

Mathematically converted measured series are treated as original measured series Screen shot function for freely selectable sections Use the Crtl + Shift key combination to transfer and display a selected area into an independent window. Here you can highlight important facts in a striking way! Ideal for use in class!

10

Measuring software measure measure measuring software experimenting with measure is so easy!

Measuring example: Generation of an alternating voltage, rectification and smoothing (P1331300)

1. Setup experiment!

Simply setup the experiment. The Phywe experiment descriptions describe precisely what you need and how to set it out!

Easy and fast setup thanks to detailed experiment descriptions: Photo and Circuit diagramm!

You can now choose between two possibilities!

A. Configure yourself!

2. Select measuring parameters!

Simply select measuring devices in the software, define measurement parameters and off you go!

B. Open preset experiment

The correct measuring parameters are automatically loaded.

Convenient and reliable measurement through preset measuring parameters!

3. Start measurement!

During the measurement you can choose between analogue display, digital display and diagram.

You can of course combine all three if you want!

4. Analysis of measurement!

Numerous analysis tools provide you with many analysis, display and calculation possibilities!

11

Physics: Experiments Mechanics Exp-Nr. Experiment description P1330100 Frequency of a spring pendulum with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1330200 Frequency of a thread pendulum with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1336900 Free fall with a screen with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1337000 The path-time law for free fall with the falling sphere apparatus with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1337100 Uniform, linear, unaccelerated motion with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1337200 Force-free, linear motion with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1337300 Uniformly accelerated, linear motion, Newton`s 2nd law with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1337400 The elastic collision with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1337500 The inelastic collision with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1337600 Frequency of a thread pendulum with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1337700 Pendulum oscillations-variable g pendulum with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1337800 The harmonic oscillation of helical springs-parallel and series connection of spring with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1337900 Dependence of the oscillation period of a leaf spring on the pendulum length & pendulum mass with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1338000 Moment of inertia of different bodies:disc,solid and hollow cylinder - Steiner`s law . with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1338100 Uniform rotary motion with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1338200 Uniform, accelerated rotational motion, moment of inertia with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P2130111 Hooke's law with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P2130311 Newton`s 2nd law / Air track with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P2130315 Newton s 2nd law / Demonstration dynamics and motion track with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P2130511 Laws of collision / Air track with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P2130515 Laws of collision / Demonstration dynamics and motion track with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P2130711 Free fall with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P2131311 Moment of inertia and angular acceleration with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P2131315 Moment of inertia and angular acceleration with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P2131611 Centrifugal force with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P2132311 Variable "g" pendulum with Cobra 3 with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P2132511 Coupled Pendula with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P2132611 Harmonic oscillations of spiral springs -Spring linked in parallel and series with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P2132711 Forced Oscillations -Pohl`s Pendulum with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P2132811 Moments of inertia of different bodies / Steiner`s theorem with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P2140611 Surface tension by the pull-out method with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P2150311 Velocity of sound in air and in metal rods with Cobra 3 with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P2150411 Acoustic Doppler effect with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P2150811 Resonance frequencies of Helmholtz resonators with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P2150911 Interference of acoustic waves, stationary waves and diffractio n at a slot with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P2152111 Determination of the velocity with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) detailed scientific description (only in english)

Uniformly accelerated, linear motion, Newton´s 2nd law P1337300 Measurement of: Distance, time, velocity, acceleration

The path-time law for linear movement with uniform acceleration is a parabola in the path-time coordinate system. The velocity-time law states that the velocity of a body is proportional to the time. The acceleration is a straight line that runs parallel to the time axis. If the acceleration is achieved by a mass falling in the Earth´s gravitational field, the law of conservation of energy applies. This law states that a any point in time the sum of the potential energy of the falling mass and the kinetic energy of the acceleration is constant.

Phywe Advantage: very good measuring results with this nearly frictionless air track 1 MHz time resolution for digital inputs 12

Material list Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT Power supply 12V/2A Data cable, plug/socket, 9 pole Software Cobra3 translation/rotation Light barrier, compact Air track rail Blower 230V/50Hz Pressure tube, l= 1.5 m Glider for air track Starter system + other laboratory material

Art.No. 12150.00 12151.99 14602.00 14512.61 11207.20 11202.17 13770.97 11205.01 11202.02 11202.13

Quantity 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Physics: Experiments Mechanics Coupled pendula

P2132511 Measurement of: Amplitude, periodic time Two equal gravity pendula with a particular characteristic frequency are coupled by a "soft" spiral spring. The amplitudes of both pendula are recorded as a function of time for various vibrational modes and different coupling factors using a y/t recorder. The coupling factors are determined by different methods.

Material list Pendulum w. recorder connection Helical spring, 3 N/m Rod with hook Weight holder f. slotted weights Slotted weight, 10 g, black Capacitor, 10 mF/35 V Cobra3 Basic Unit Power supply 12 V Cobra3 Universal writer software RS 232 data cable Power supply 0-12 V DC/6 V, 12 V AC + other laboratory material

Art.No. 02816.00 02220.00 02051.00 02204.00 02205.01 39105.28 12150.00 12151.99 14504.61 14602.00 13505.93

Quantity 2 1 1 1 5 2 1 1 1 1 1

Phywe Advantage: 2 galvanically isolated analog inputs online registration of oscillation

The harmonic oscillation of helical springs parallel and series connection of springs P1337800 Measurement of: Time, Vibration

From the period of the oscillation and the suspended mass, the spring constant D is determined for varying experimental arrangements.

Material list Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT Power supply 12V/2A Data cable,plug/socket, 9 pole Softw. Cobra3 translat./rotation Light barrier, compact Tripod base -PASSSupport rod-PASS-,square,l=1000mm Stand tube Rod with hook Right angle clamp -PASSHelical springs, 3N/m, 10 pcs Helical spring, 20 N/m Connecting cord,1000 mm, red Connecting cord,1000 mm, blue Connecting cord,1000 mm, yellow + other laboratory material

Art.No. 12150.00 12151.99 14602.00 14512.61 11207.20 02002.55 02028.55 02060.00 02051.00 02040.55 02220.03 02222.00 07363.01 07363.04 07363.02

Quantity 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1

Phywe Advantage: 1 MHz time resolution for digital inputs Limited 5 V voltage output for Light barrier (undestructible) 13

Physics: Experiments Acoustics Exp.No. Experiment description P1336000 Measurement of frequency of tuning forks, detuning of tuning forks with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1336100 Investigation of the natural oscillation of columns of air with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1336200 Measurement of the speed of sound in air with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1336300 Measurement of the speed of sound in diffent gases with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1336400 Measurement of the speed in metal rods with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1336500 Acoustical Doppler effect with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1361500 Investigation of beats with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1361900 Influence of damping on the spectrum of the characteristic oscillations of air columns with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1362000 Characteristic oscillations in cavity resonators - Hemholtz's resonators with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1362100 Tone analysis with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1362200 Oscillations in metal plates with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1362300 Speech analysis with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1362800 Signal filtration - elimination of background noises with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1362900 Determination of the speed of sound in air - travel time measurement between two microphones with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1363000 Acoustic spacial orientation with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P2150515 Chladni figures with FG-Module with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P2150615 Velocity of sound using Kundt s tube with FG-Module with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P2150715 Wavelength and frequencies, Quincke tube with FG-Module with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P2152115 Determination of ultrasonic velocity (sonar principle) with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P2152415 Ultrasonic Doppler effect with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) detailed scientific description (only in english)

Characteristic oscillations in cavity resonators Helmholtz´s resonators P1362000 Measurement of: Sound amplitude, eigenfrequency

It should be shown that cavity resonators are acoustic resonators with a characteristic frequency that is only a function of their geometry. Due to their high resonator quality, the normal ambient background noise is sufficient to excite an undamped harmonic oscillation, which can then be detected by a sound probe inside the resonator.

Phywe Advantage: online frequency analysis (Fourieranalysis) make your measurments audible (sound card necessary) 14

Material list Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT Cobra3 Power supply Data cable, RS232 Software Cobra3 Frequency analysis Microphone with amplifier Tripod "PASS" Support rod, l = 50 cm + other laboratory material

Art.No. 12150.00 12151.99 14602.00 14514.61 03543.00 02002.55 02032.00

Quantity 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Physics: Experiments Acoustics Determination of the velocity of sound (sonar principle) P2152115 Measurement of: Sound amplitude, delay-time An ultrasonic transmitter emits sound pulses onto a reflector, from which recording of them by a receiver shows a time delay. The velocity of sound is calculated from the path length and transmission time of the sound pulses.

1. Determine transmission times for different distances apart of the transmitter and the receiver.

2. Plot a graph of the path lengths of the sound pulses against their transmission time.

3. Determine the velocity of sound from the graph.

Material list Ultrasonic unit Power supply f. ultrasonic unit Ultrasonic transmitter on stem Ultrasonic receiver on stem Cobra 3 BASIC-UNIT Power supply, 12 V RS 232 data cable Barrel base PASS Screen metal, 30x30 cm Measuring tape, l = 2 m Meter scale, l = 1000 mm Screened cable, BNC, l = 75 cm Adapter, BNC-socket/4 mm plug pair Measure Software Universal writer + other laboratory material

Art.No. 13900.00 13900.99 13901.00 13902.00 12150.00 12151.99 14602.00 02006.55 08062.00 09936.00 03001.00 07542.11 07542.27 14504.61

Quantity 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 1 2 2 1

Phywe Advantage: for analog inputs 500 kHz sampling rate provides great results

Ultrasonic Doppler-Effect

P2152415 Measurement of: Velocity, frequency, frequency shift If a source of sound is in motion relative to its medium of propagation, the frequency of the waves that are emitted is displaced due to the Doppler effect.

The frequency changes are measured and analysed for different relative velocities of source and observer.

Material list Art.No. Ultrasonic unit 13900.00 Power supply f. ultrasonic unit, 5 VDC, 12 W 13900.99 Ultrasonic transmitter on stem 13901.00 Ultrasonic receiver on stem 13902.00 Sound head 03524.00 Car, motor driven 11061.00 Attachment for car 11061.02 Track, l = 900 mm 11606.00 Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 12150.00 Power supply, 12 V12151.99 RS232 data cable 14602.00 Cobra3 Timer / Counter Software 14511.61 Light barrier, compact 11207.20 + other laboratory material

Quantity 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Phywe Advantage: 4 MHz time resolution for digital inputs limited 5 V voltage output for light barrier (undestructible) 15

Physics: Experiments Thermodynamics Exp.No. Experiment description P1349100 Specific heat capacity of water with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1349200 Specific evaporation heat of water with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1349300 Specific heat capacity of liquids with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1349400 Specific heat capacity of solid bodies with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1349500 Specific condensation heat of water with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1349600 Specific melting heat of ice with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1349700 Specific dissolution heat of salts with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1349800 Specific combustion heat of spirit with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1349900 Volume expansion of gases with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1350000 Gay-Lussas Law with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT (Software Pressure) P1350100 Amontons Law with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1350200 Boyle's and Mariotte's Law with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT (Software Pressure) P1364100 Gay-Lussac's law with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT (Software Gas laws) P1364200 Charles' (Amontons') law - variant A with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1364300 Charles' (Amontons') law - variant B with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1364415 Boyle and Mariotte's law with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT (Software Gas laws) 1) P2320211 Heat capacity of gases with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P2330111 Heat capacity of metals with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P2350115 Stefan-BoltzmannÂ’s law of radiation with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P2360415 Stirling engine with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) detailed scientific description (only in english)

Specific heat capacity of solid bodies P1349400 Measurement of: Temperature

A calorimeter is filled with water at room temperature.

Metallic bodies are heated in a water bath and are put in the calorimeter, the temperature of the mixture is noted down.

Material list Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT Power supply 12V/2A Data cable,plug/socket, 9 pole Software Cobra3 Temperature Measuring module, NiCrNi,330C Immersion probe NiCr-Ni,-50/1000C H-base -PASSSupport rod,stainl.steel, 600 mm Bosshead Universal clamp Ring with Bosshead, d =10 cm Wire gauze 160x160mm,ceramic cen.

Metal bodies, set of 3 Calorimeter vessel, 500 ml Glass beaker,short,400 ml Glass beaker,short, 600 ml Agitator rod Pipette, with rubber bulb + other laboratory material

16

Art.No. 12150.00 12151.99 14602.00 14503.61 12104.00 13615.03 02009.55 02037.00 02043.00 37715.00 37701.01 33287.01 04406.00 04401.10 36014.00 36015.00 04404.10 64701.00

Quantity 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 1

Physics: Experiments Thermodynamics Gay-Lussac´s Law (with Software Cobra3 Pressure) P1350000 Measurement of: Temperature, pressure

The general gas-equation describes the relationship between pressure, volume and temperature of an enclosed gas volume.

A gas syringe is used for heating a gas volume at constant pressure, which is tempered in a glass jacket with the help of a water bath. Contrary to the experiment "volume expansion of gases", the gas injector is sealed in this experiment with motor oil and the software "Pressure" is used for simultaneously measuring the pressure, temperature and volume (number of the measurement value). The pressure measurement serves for checking a constant pressure during the measurement and for calculating the quantity pV/T during evaluation.

Material list Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT Power supply 12V/2A Data cable, plug/socket, 9 pole Software Cobra3, Pressure Measuring module, pressure Modulconverter Cobra3 Cobra3,sensor-10..120 oC Gas syringe, 100 ml Glass jacket Magn.stirring bar 30 mm, cyl.

Heating apparatus H-base -PASSSupport rod, stainl.steel, 250mm Bosshead Universal clamp Universal clamp with joint + other laboratory material

Art.No. 12150.00 12151.99 14602.00 14510.61 12103.00 12150.04 12120.00 02614.00 02615.00 46299.02 32246.93 02009.55 02031.00 02043.00 37715.00 37716.00

Quantity 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 3 2 1

Phywe Advantage: very quick, easy and comfortable set-up with the Phywe Glass jacket system

Stirling engine

P2360415 Measurement of: Temperature, volume, pressure, time The Stirling engine is submitted to a load by means of an adjustable torque meter, or by a coupled generator.

Rotation frequency and temperature changes of the Stirling engine are observed. Effective mechanical energy and power, as well as effective electrical power, are assessed as a function of rotation frequency. The amount of energy converted to work per cycle can be determined with the assistance of the pV diagram. The efficiency of the Stirling engine can be estimated.

Material list Stirling engine, transparent Motor/generator unit Torque meter Chimney for stirling engine Meter f. stirling engine, pVnT Sensor unit pVn for stirl. eng.

Screened cable, BNC, l = 750 mm Thermocouple NiCr-Ni, sheathed Raw alcohol for burning, 1000 ml Adapter, BNC-socket/4 mm plug pair Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT Power supply, 12 VRS232 data cable Cobra3 Software Universal Writer

Art.No. 04372.00 04372.01 04372.02 04372.04 04371.97 04371.00 07542.11 13615.01 31150.70 07542.27 12150.00 12151.99 14602.00 14504.61

Quantity 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 1

Phywe Advantage:

200 kHz sampling rate for 2 analog inputs simultaneously with Software measure display und analysis of relations possible

17

Physics: Experiments Electricity Exp.No.

Experiment description

P1330300 Ohm's Law with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1330400 Temperature dependence of the resistance of pure metals. with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1330500 Characteristics of semi-conductor diodes with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1330600 Collector current-collector voltage characteristic of an NPN-transistor with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1330700 Second order conductors with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1330800 Switch-on current of a incandescent bulb with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1330900 Measurement of the work and power of an incandescent bulb with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1331000 Switch-on behaviour of a capacitance with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1331100 Switch-on behaviour of an inductivity with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1331200 Induction impulse with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1331300 Generation of an alternating current, rectification and filtration with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1331400 Efficiency of motor and generator with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1333000 Generation of an AC voltage, rectification and smoothing P1336600 Measurement of the rebound time of a switch with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1336700 Current-voltage characteristic of a solar cell with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1361100 Single-valued and multiple-valued Fourier spectra with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1361200 Analysis of simple and composite sinusoidal signals with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1361300 Spectral analysis of different signal forms - sinusoidal, rectangular, triangular signals with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1361400 Spectral analysis of periodic spike pulses with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1361600 Determination of the non-linear distortion factor from the Fourier spectrum of distorted sinusoidal oscillations with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1361700 The Fourier spectrum of rectified, non-smoothed alternating currents with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1361800 Investigation of the characteristic oscillations of air columns with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1362400 Coupled electrical resonant circuits with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1362500 Forced oscillations of a non-linear electrical series resonance circuit - chaotic oscillation with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1362600 Analysis of Fourier series with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1362700 High-pass, low-pass, bandpass with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1363100 Switch rebound with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1363200 Phase relationships in a series resonant circuit with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1363300 Free damped oscillation with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1382400 The diode as rectifier with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1400200 The behavior of a coil on switching on - current and voltage over time with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1401400 Filter networks - The band-pass with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1402200 How a phototransistor functions with the Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1402600 The generation of square pulse voltages by the operational amplifier with the Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P2410115 Ohm's Law with FG-Module with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P2410615 Current balance / Force acting on a current-carrying conductor with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P2410915 Characteristic curves of semiconductors with FG-Module with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P2411315 Second order conductors. Electrolysis with FG-Module with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P2420215 Switch-on behaviour of a capacitor and inductivity with FG-Module with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P2420415 Coulomb s law with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P2430215 Magnetic field of single coils / Biot-Savart s law with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P2430315 Magnetic field of paired coils in Helmholtz arrangement with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P2430711 Ferromagnetic hysteresis with Cobra 3 with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P2440215 Magnetic induction with FG-Module with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P2440311 Inductance of solenoids with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P2440411 Coil in the AC circuit with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P2440515 Capacitor in the AC circuit with FG-Module with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P2440611 RLC Circuit with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P2440915 High-pass and low-pass filters with FG-Module with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P2441211 Induction impulse with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) detailed scientific description (only in english)

Collector current-collector voltage characteristic of an NPN-transistor P1330600 Measurement of: Current, voltage

The objective of the experiment is to determine the variations of the collector current with the collector voltage for various values of the base current intensity. Knowledge of these dependencies is important for the comprehension of the voltage amplification, the operating point setting, and dimensioning of amplifier stages with transistors. In this experiment, the output characteristics of an NPN transistor of type BC377 are to be recorded.

Material list Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT Power supply 12V/2A Data cable,plug/socket, 9 pole Software Cobra3 Universal recorder Power supply 0-12V DC/6V,12V AC Digital multimeter Potentiometer 1 kOhm, 0.4W, G2 Plug-in board,4mm plugs Transistor BC337, base left, G3 Carbon resistor 47 kOhm, 1W, G1 + other laboratory material

18

Art.No. 12150.00 12151.99 14602.00 14504.61 13505.93 07134.00 39103.04 06033.00 39127.20 39104.38

Quantity 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Physics: Experiments Electricity Inductance of solenoids

P2440311 Measurement of: Current, voltage, periodic time A square wave voltage of low frequency is applied to oscillatory circuits comprising coils and capacitors to produce free, damped oscillations. The values of inductance are calculated from the natural frequencies measured, the capacitance being known.

Material list Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT Power supply, 12 V RS 232 data cable Cobra3 Universal writer software Cobra3 Function generator module Induction coil, 300 turns, dia. 40 mm Induction coil, 300 turns, dia. 32 mm Induction coil, 300 turns, dia. 25 mm Induction coil, 200 turns, dia. 40 mm Induction coil, 100 turns, dia. 40 mm Induction coil, 150 turns, dia. 25 mm Induction coil, 75 turns, dia. 25 mm Coil, 1200 turns PEK capacitor /case 1/ 1nF/ 500 V PEK capacitor /case 1/ 470 pF/500 V Vernier caliper Measuring tape, l = 2 m + other laboratory material

Art.No. 12150.00 12151.99 14602.00 14504.61 12111.00 11006.01 11006.02 11006.03 11006.04 11006.05 11006.06 11006.07 06515.01 39105.10 39105.07 03010.00 09936.00

Quantity 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Phywe Advantage: no oscilloscope necessary 500 kHz sampling rate for one analog input

Switch-on behaviour of a capacitance

P133100 Measurement of: Current, voltage, resistance, charge and discharge time To measure the course of current strength and voltage in a capacitance in the instant of switching on. The capacitance is determined from the measurement curve.

Material list Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT Power supply 12V/2A Data cable,plug/socket, 9 pole Software Cobra3 Universal recorder Connection box On/off switch Carbon resistor 5.6 kOhm, 1W, G1 Electr.capacitor 100microF/35V,G1 Connecting cord, 500 mm, red Connecting cord, 500 mm, blue Connecting cord, 250 mm, red + other laboratory material

Art.No. 12150.00 12151.99 14602.00 14504.61 06030.23 06034.01 39104.28 39105.25 07361.01 07361.04 07360.01

Quantity 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3

Phywe Advantage: 200 kHz sampling rate for 2 analog inputs simultaneously 19

Physics: Experiments Electricity Induction impulse

P1331200 Measurement of: Pulse duration, voltage A permanent magnet falls through a coil at different velocities. the induced voltage impulse is recorded. The objective is two show that the integral over the induction voltage is independent of the velocity, and thus is constant. The magnetic flux of the permanent magnet is to be calculated.

Phywe Advantage: 200 kHz sampling rate for 2 analog inputs simultaneously

Material list Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT Power supply 12V/2A Data cable,plug/socket, 9 pole Software Cobra3 Universal recorder Light barrier, compact Support rod, l = 600 mm Bosshead Tripod base -PASSUniversal clamp Glass tube,diam 12mm l 300 mm Coil holder Coil, 600 turns, short Magnet, d 8mm, l 60mm Connecting cord, 500 mm, red Connecting cord, 500 mm, blue + other laboratory material

Art.No. 12150.00 12151.99 14602.00 14504.61 11207.20 02037.00 02043.00 02002.55 37715.00 45126.01 06528.00 06522.01 06317.00 07361.01 07361.04

Quantity 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2

Coulomb s law

P2420415 Measurement of: Charge, force A small electrically charged ball is positioned at a certain distance in front of a second charged ball. The force between these balls is measured as a function of their charge and distance (Coulomb s law). For the measurements a sensitive force sensor and an electrometer amplifier are used.

Phywe Advantage: Due to constant amount of charge measurements easy reproducable (High voltage) 20

Material list Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT Cobra3 Force/Tesla software Measuring module Newton Newton sensor Insulating Bar for Force Sensor Plug with socket and crosshole, 2 Conductor ball, d = 40 mm Power supply, 12 VRS232 cable High voltage supply unit, 0-10 kV Electrometer Amplifier Capacitor 10nF/ 250V, G1 + other laboratory material

Art.No. 12150.00 14515.61 12110.00 12110.01 12110.01 07206.01 06237.00 12151.99 14602.00 13670.93 13621.00 39105.14

Quantity 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1

Physics: Experiments Optics Exp.No. Experiment description P1331500 Dependence of the luminous intensity on the distance with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P2230415 Determination of diffraction intensity due to multiple slits and grids with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P2240211 Photometric law of distance with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P2250315 Fresnel s equations Theory of reflection with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P2260511 LDA -Laser Doppler Anemometry with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) detailed scientific description (only in english)

LDA Laser Doppler Anemometry

P2260511 Measurement of: Time, voltage, frequency shift Small particles in a current pass through the LDA measuring volume and scatter the light whose frequency is shifted by the Doppler effect due to the particle movement. The frequency change of the scattered light is detected and converted into a particle or flow velocity.

Measurement of the light-frequency change of individual light beams which are reflected by moving particles.

Material list Base plate with rubber feet HeNe laser, 5 mW Power supply and switch for 5 mW laser Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT Power supply, 12 VData cable, RS232 Software Cobra3-Frequency Analyzer Surface mirror, 30 x 30 mm Magnetic base Plate holder Lens with mount, f = +100 mm Lens with mount, f = +50 mm Lens with mount, f = +20 mm Iris diaphragm Beam splitter, 50:50 Silicon photo-detector with int. amplifier Control unit for photo-detectors Prism holder with table Pinhole diaphragm, 30 mm + sonstiges Experimentiermaterial

Art.No. 08700.00 08701.00 08702.93 12150.00 12151.99 14602.00 14514.61 08711.01 08710.00 08719.00 08021.01 08020.01 08018.01 08045.00 08741.00 08735.00 08735.99 08725.00 08743.00

Quantity 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 8 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Phywe Advantage: online frequency analysis magnetic components enable easy adjustment

Dependence of the luminous intensity on the distance P1331500 Measurement of: Luminous intensity, voltage The luminous intensity is a function of the distance of the light sensor from the light source. The law for point light sources on which this is based should be determined.

Material list Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT Power supply 12V/2A Data cable, plug/socket, 9 pole Software Cobra3 Universal recorder Power supply 0-12V DC/6V,12V AC Stand tube Distributor Barrel base -PASSBench clamp -PASSMeter scale, demo. l=1000mm Photo diode, G1 Carbon resistor 470 Ohm, 1W, G1 Filament lamp 6V/5A, E14 Lamp holder E 14,on stem Connecting cord, 500 mm, red + other laboratory material

Art.No. 12150.00 12151.99 14602.00 14504.61 13505.93 02060.00 06024.00 02006.55 02010.00 03001.00 39119.01 39104.15 06158.00 06175.00 07361.01

Quantity 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

21

Physics: Experiments Physical Structure of Matter Exp.No. Experment description P1363400 Range of alpha particles in the air with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1363500 Mean range of beta radiation in air with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1363600 Absorption of electrons (or positrons) in thin layers of matter with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1363700 The quantal flux of gamma radiation in air with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1363800 Absorption of gamma quanta (or electrons) as a function of material density with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1363900 Law of radioactive decay with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1364000 Radioactive equilibrium with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P2520111 Half-live radioactive equilibrium with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P2520211 Law of radioactive decay with Cobra33 with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P2520311 Poisson`s distribution and Gaussian distribution of radio-active decay with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P2522111 Rutherford experiment with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P2522211 Fine structure of alpha-spectrum of 241Am with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P2522311 Study of the alpha-energies of 226Ra with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P2522411 Energy loss of alpha particles in gases with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P2524111 Law of distance and absorption of gamma or beta rays with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P2524211 Energy Dependence of the gamma-absorption Coefficient with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P2524411 Compton effect with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P2524511 Internal conversion in 137mBa with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P2524611 Photonuclear cross-section / Compton scattering cross-section with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P2524711 X-ray fluorescence and Moseley's law with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P2530111 Hall effect in p-germanium with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P2530211 Hall effect in n-germanium with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P2530411 Band gap of germanium with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) detailed scientific description (only in english)

Range of a -particles in the air P1363400 Measurement of: Radioactivity

The particle flux density of -particles having a specific energy emitted by an -radiation source has already decreased to zero at a slight distance from the source.

There is a relatively sharply defined range for monoenergetic -radiation in air.

Phywe Advantage: • quick, easy and safe set-up with magnetic components

22

Material list Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT Power supply 12V/2A Data cable, plug/socket, 9 pole Software Cobra3 Radioactivity Counter tube module Base plate for radioactivity Counter tube holder on fix.magn.

Source holder on fixing magnet Counter tube, type A, BNC Screened cable, BNC, l 300 mm Rule, plastic, 200 mm + other laboratory material

Art.No. 12150.00 12151.99 14602.00 14506.61 12106.00 09200.00 09201.00 09202.00 09025.11 07542.10 09937.01

Quantity 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Physics: Experiments Physical Structure of Matter Absorption of

-quanta (or electrons) as a function of material density

P1363800 Measurement of: Radioactivity

The procedure and evaluation are shown here in an exemplary experiment for -quanta; however, they can also be performed in an analogous manner for electrons.

In the latter case, the Sr-90 source rod from the radioactive sources set (09047.50) and the absorption plate set for b-radiation (09024.00) must be used. The -quanta emitted by a radioactive -source (Co-60) are absorbed in solid material. The attenuation of the quantum flux resulting from this is, on the one hand, a function of the distance covered or the layer thickness of a material layer that is located in the radiation field and, on the other hand, of the density of the material that is penetrated. The particle flux decreases exponentially with the layer thickness; the attenuation coefficient m increases proportionally to the density r of the absorption material.

Material list Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT Power supply 12V/2A Data cable,plug/socket, 9 pole Software Cobra3 Radioactivity Counter tube module Base plate for radioactivity Counter tube, type A, BNC Radioactive sources, set Absorption plates f. beta-rays Absorption material, lead + other laboratory material

Art.No. 12150.00 12151.99 14602.00 14506.61 12106.00 09200.00 09025.11 09047.50 09024.00 09029.01

Quantity 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Hall effect in p-germanium

P2530111 Measurement of: Magnetic field, voltage, current, resistance, temperature The resistivity and Hall voltage of a rectangular germanium sample are measured as a function of temperature and magnetic field. The band spacing, the specific conductivity, the type of charge carrier and the mobility of the charge carriers are determined from the measurements.

Material list Hall effect module Hall effect, p-Ge, carrier board Coil, 600 turns Iron core, U-shaped, laminated Pole pieces, plane, 30x30x48 mm, 2 Hall probe, tangent., prot. cap Power supply 0-12 V DC/6 V, 12 V AC Tripod base -PASSSupport rod -PASS-, square, l = 250 mm Right angle clamp -PASSConnecting cord, l = 500 mm, red Connecting cord, l = 500 mm, blue Connecting cord, l = 750 mm, black Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT

Art.No. 11801.00 11805.01 06514.01 06501.00 06489.00 13610.02 13505.93 02002.55 02025.55 02040.55 07361.01 07361.04 07362.05 12150.00

Quantity 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 1

Phywe Advantage: The Hall module offers:

• central power supply for the sample and the sample heater • sample heater with fully automatic temperature control system 23

Chemistry: Experiments Food Chemistry Exp.No. P1318700 P1318800 P1318900 P1329700 P1370530 P1370540 P1370630 P1370640 P1370730 P1370740 P1370830 P1370840 P1370930 P1370940 P1371030 P1371040 P1371130 P1371140 P1371230 P1371240 P1371330 P1371340 P1371430 P1371440 P1371530 P1371540

Experiment description Automatic pH titration with a motor piston burette with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT Automatic pH titration with a light barrier with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT Manually operated pH-Titration with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT Analytical gas chromatography of butter and margarine with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT The manual titration of citric acid with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT The manual titration of citric acid with Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT The automatic titration of ordinary vinegar with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT The automatic titration of ordinary vinegar with Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT Determination of the phosporic acid content of a soft drink with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT Determination of the phosporic acid content of a soft drink with Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT The pH and degree of acidity of coffee with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT The pH and degree of acidity of coffee with Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT Determination of the content of fruit acid in juices and wine with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT Determination of the content of fruit acid in juices and wine with Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT Titration curves of fresh milk and sour milk with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT Titration curves of fresh milk and sour milk with Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT Changes in pH during the aging of milk (souring) with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT Changes in pH during the aging of milk (souring) with Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT The buffering properties of foods with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT The buffering properties of foods with Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT Determination of the calcium carbonate content of egg shell with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT Determination of the calcium carbonate content of egg shell with Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT Determination of the common salt content of meat broth with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT Determination of the common salt content of meat broth with Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT Chloride in mineral water with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT Chloride in mineral water with Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT

Determination of the content of fruit acid in juices and wine P1370940 Measurement of: Temperature, pH, conductivity

Fruit juices and wine contain so-called fruit acids (malic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid etc.) and have pH's which lie between 2.7 and 3.8. The fruit acids content of juices and wine can be ascertained by a determination of their titratable total acid.

Phywe Advantage: CHEM-UNIT: The entire chemistry in just one box!

The CHEM-UNIT can also control a motor piston burette Titrations also manual or with drop counter possible

24

Material list Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT Power supply 12V/2A Data cable, plug/socket, 9 pole Software Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT pH-electrode, plastic, refillable, BNC Immersion probe NiCr-Ni, teflon, 300 °C Cable CHEM-UNIT/Motor piston burette Motor piston burette, univeral, 50 ml Magnetic stirrer Mini/MST Magn.stirring bar 30mm, cyl.

Rubber stopper, d = 18/14mm, 1 hole Volumetric pipette, 25 ml Volumetric pipette, 5 ml Pipettor Wash bottle, plastic, 500 ml + Chemicals and other laboratory material

Art.No. 12153.00 12151.99 14602.00 14520.61 46266.15 13615.05 36501.01 36499.93 47334.93 46299.02 39254.01 36580.00 36577.00 36592.00 33931.00

Quantity 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Chemistry: Experiments Electrochemistry Exp.No. Experiment description P1331800 Electrolysis of copper sulphate solutions with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1331900 The electrochemical series of metals with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1332000 Electric potential of a concentration element with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P3060111 Charge transport in solids with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P3060211 Charge transport in liquids with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P3060240 Charge transport in liquids mit der Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT 1) P3060511 Temperature dependance of conductivity with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P3060540 Temperature dependance of conductivity mit der Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT 1) P3060611 Conductivity of strong and weak electrolytes with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P3060640 Conductivity of strong and weak electrolytes with Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT 1) P3060711 Conductivity titration with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P3060740 Conductivity titration mit der Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT 1) P3061311 Potentiometric titration with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P3061340 Potentiometric titration mit der Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT 1) P3061411 Precipitation titration with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P3061440 Precipitation titration mit der Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT 1) P3061611 Titration curves and buffering capacity with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P3061640 Titration curves and buffering capacity mit der Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT 1) P3061711 Potentiometric pH titration (Phosphoric acid in soft drinks) with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P3061740 Potentiometric pH titration (Phosphoric acid in soft drinks) mit der Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT 1) P3061811 Electrode kinetics:The hydrogen overpotential of metals with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) detailed scientific description (only in english)

P3060540 Measurement of: Temperature, conductivity

Materialliste Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT Power supply 12V/2A Data cable, RS232 Software Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT Conductivity probe Immersion probe NiCr-Ni, Teflon, 300°C Magnetic heating stirrer Magnetic stirrer bar, l = 25 mm, oval Electronic temperature control Spring balance holder Support rod, l = 750 mm, M10 thread Support rod with hole, l = 100 mm Right angle clamp Universal clamp Condenser, Dimroth type GL 25/12 Cristallizing dish, 560 ml Precision balance, LE623P Funnel, glass, do = 55 mm Wash bottle, 500 ml Glass beaker, 250 ml, tall Glass rod, l = 300 mm, d = 8 mm + Chemicals and other laboratory material

Art.Nr. 12153.00 12151.99 14602.00 14520.61 18151.02 13615.05 35720.93 46300.01 35721.00 03065.20 02023.20 02036.01 37697.00 37715.00 35815.15 46244.00 48852.93 34457.00 33931.00 36004.00 40485.06

Menge 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Phywe Advantage: clearly arranged set-up comfortable follow-up of the experimental process

25

Chemistry: Experiments Thermochemistry/Calorimetry Exp.No. Experiment description 1) P3020311 Heat capacity of gases with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P3020411 Determination of the enthalpy of vaporisation of liquids with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P3020611 Determination of the mixing enthalpy of binary fluid mixtures with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P3020711 Determination of the hydration enthalpy of an electrolyte (solution enthalpy) with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P3020811 Determination of the enthalpy of neutralisation with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P3020911 Determination of the melting enthalpy of a pure substance with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) detailed scientific description (only in english)

P3020411 Measurement of: Temperature, energy

Phywe Advantage: • accurate measurement of temperature and energy provides the determination of different enthalpies

Material list Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT Power supply 12V/2A Data cable, RS232 Temperature measuring module Pt100 Software Cobra3 Temperature Temperature probe Pt100 Calorimeter, transparent Evaporation vessel for calorimeter Heating coil with sockets Work and power meter Universal power supply Connection cable, l = 500 mm, black Magnetic heating stirrer Magnetic stirrer bar, l = 30 mm, oval Separator for magnetic bars Support rod, l = 500 mm, M10 thread Right angle clamp Universal clamp Retort stand, h = 500 mm Precision balance, LE623P Stop watch, digital, 1/100 s + Chemicals and other laboratory material

Art.No. 12150.00 12151.99 14602.00 12102.00 14503.61 11759.01 04402.00 04405.00 04450.00 13715.93 13500.93 07361.05 35720.93 35680.04 35680.03 02022.20 37697.00 37715.00 37694.00 48852.93 03071.01

Quantity 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 3 3 1 1 1

Material list Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT Power supply 12V/2 A Temperature measuring module Pt100 Software Cobra3 Temperature Temperature probe Pt100 Calorimeter, transparent Delivery pipette, 50 ml Pipettor Rubber bulb, double Heating coil with sockets Work and power meter Universal power supply Magnetic heating stirrer Laboratory balance, with data output, 800/1600/3200 g + Chemicals and other laboratory material

Art.No. 12150.00 12151.99 12102.00 14503.61 11759.01 04402.00 04402.10 36592.00 39287.00 04450.00 13715.93 13500.93 35720.93

Quantity 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

48803.93

1

P3020811 Measurement of: Temperature, energy

26

Chemistry: Experiments Chemical Kinetics Exp.No. Experiment description 1) P3031811 Electrode kinetics:The hydrogen overpotential of metals with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P3050811 Conductometric measurement of the saponification of esters with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P3050840 Conductometric measurement of the saponification of esters mit der Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT 1) P3050911 Enzyme kinetics: determination of Michaelis-Menton constant with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P3050940 Enzyme kinetics: determination of Michaelis-Menton constant mit der Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT 1) P3051011 Inhibition and poisoning of enzymes with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P3051040 Inhibition and poisoning of enzymes mit der Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT 1) detailed scientific description (only in english)

Electrode kinetics: The hydrogen overpotential of metals P3061811 Measurement of: Current, voltage

Electrode polarization and the presence of overpotentials are important concepts in understanding electrode processes.

They underlie the fact that galvanic cells always deliver current at less than the equilibrium e.m.f. and that an applied potential greater than the equilibrium e.m.f. is required in order to drive a reaction in an electrolytic cell.

The current-potential curve for the electrolysis of a 1 M hydrochloric acid solution is recorded using graphite rod electrodes, and the decomposition voltage is determined. By replacing the graphite rod cathode with a series of different metal rod electrodes, the overpotentials for hydrogen evolution at these metals can be compared.

Material list Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT Power supply 12V/2A Data cable, RS232 Software Cobra 3 Universal writer Current probe 6A Power supply, universal Retort stand, h = 750 mm Holder for 2 electrodes Laboratory thermometer, –10... +50°C Carbon electrodes, d = 7 mm, l = 150 mm Copper electrode, d = 8 mm, l = 150 mm Iron electrode, d = 8 mm, l = 150 mm Nickel electrode, d = 8 mm, l = 150 mm Zinc electrode, d = 8 mm, l = 150 mm + Chemicals and other laboratory material

Art.No. 12150.00 12151.99 14602.00 14504.61 12126.00 13500.93 37694.00 45284.01 38034.00 44512.00 45201.00 45204.00 45205.00 45288.01

Quantity 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

P3050840 Measurement of: Conductivity, time

Material list Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT Power supply 12V/2A Data cable, RS232 Software Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT Conductivity / temperature electrode Magnetic heating stirrer Electronic temperature control Support rod, l = 750 mm, M10 thread Support rod with hole, l = 100 Spring balance holder Right angle clamp Universal clamp Condenser, Dimroth type GL 25/12 Glass tubes, straight, l = 80 mm + Chemicals and other laboratory material

Art.No. 12153.00 12151.99 14602.00 14520.61 13701.01 35720.93 35721.00 02023.20 02036.01 03065.20 37697.00 37715.00 35815.15 36701.65

Quantity 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 2 1 1

27

Chemistry: Experiments Chemical Equilibrium Exp.No. Experiment description P1311000 Gaschromatography with Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT P1332100 Chromatographic seperation processes: gas chromatography with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P3030911 Dissociation equilibrium with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P3030940 Dissociation equilibrium mit der Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT 1) P3031311 Melting diagram of a binary mixture with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P3031340 Melting diagram of a binary mixture mit der Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT 1) P3031640 Fractional distillation with the bubble tray column mit der Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT 1) P3031711 Chromatographic separation procedures: gas chromatography with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P3031740 Chromatographic separation procedures: gas chromatography mit der Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT 1) detailed scientific description (only in english)

Complete experiment Gas chromatography P1311000 Measurement of: Temperature, time

The glass jacket gas chromatograph can also be very easily set up on the panel for complete experiments.

This didactic, transparent gas chromatograph can be used to carry out separations of highly volatile substances up to 100 °C. A butane mixture is suitable for this, for e.g. All the components of the open system such as the carrier gas supply, flow measurement, separating column with stationary phase, thermostat device, thermal conductivity conductor and recorder can be clearly identified, so that a graphic explanation of the principle of how it works is possible.

Phywe Advantage: easy and quick set-up clearly arranged equipment can be moved completely 28

Material list Frame for complete experiments Panel f. compl. experim. set-ups Holder for glass jacket Glass jacket Gas separation column Soap bubble flow meter Mesure probe f.GC, BNC contact Contr. unit gas chromatograph Syringe 1ml, Luer, 10 pcs Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT Surface probe NiCr-Ni Stop clock,demo.;diam. 13 cm Steel cylinder Helium, 2l, filled Bath for thermostat, Makrolon Immersion thermostat TC10 Gas bar Precision Balance, Sartorius LE 623P Retort stand, h 500 mm Dish, plastic, 150x150x65 mm Water jet pump, plastic + Chemicals and other laboratory material

Art.No. 45500.00 45510.00 45524.00 02615.00 36670.00 36675.00 36670.10 36670.99 02593.03 12153.00 13615.04 03075.00 41776.00 08487.02 08492.93 40466.00 48852.93 37692.00 33928.00 02728.00

Quantity 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1

Chemistry: Experiments Gas laws Exp.No. Experiment description P1349900 Volume expansion of gases with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1350000 Gay-Lussas Law with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT (Software Pressure) P1350100 Amontons Law with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1350200 Boyle's and Mariotte's Law with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT (Software Pressure) P1364100 Gay-Lussac's law with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT (Software Gas laws) P1364200 Charles' (Amontons') law - variant A with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1364300 Charles' (Amontons') law - variant B with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1364415 Boyle and Mariotte's law with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT (Software Gas laws) 1) P3011111 Gay-Lussac's law with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P3011140 Gay-Lussac's law mit der Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT 1) P3011211 Charles' (Amontons') law with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P3011311 Boyle and Mariotte's law with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) detailed scientific description (only in english)

Charles´ (Amontons´) law

P1364300 Measurement of: Temperature, pressure, volume The general gas equation describes the relationship between pressure, volume and temperature of an enclosed volume of gas. A distillation insert serves to heat a volume of gas at constant volume, which is held at a constant temperature with the aid of a water bath in the glass jacket.

Material list Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT Power supply 12V/2A Data cable,plug/socket, 9 pole Software Cobra3 - gas laws Measuring module, pressure Measuring module NiCrNi, 330C Modulconverter Cobra3 Thermocouple NiCr-Ni,sheathed Distillation insert for glass jacket Glass jacket Heating apparatus H-base -PASSSupport rod,stainl.steel, 250mm + Chemicals and other laboratory material

Art.No. 12150.00 12151.99 14602.00 14516.61 12103.00 12104.00 12150.04 13615.01 02615.06 02615.00 32246.93 02009.55 02031.00

Quantity 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2

Boyle´s and Mariotte´s law

P1364415 Measurement of: Pressure, temperature, volume The general gas equation describes the relationship between pressure, volume and temperature in an enclosed volume of gas. A gas syringe which has been sealed with motor oil is used to measure the connection between volume and pressure. The gas syringe is additionally held at a constant temperature with the aid of a water bath. This water bath prevents temperature oscillations in cases of compression and expansion and also enables the recording of isotherms at different temperatures. Pressure, temperature and volume are recorded point by point at the stroke of a key.

Material list Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT Power supply 12V/2A Data cable, plug/socket, 9 pole Software Cobra3 - gas laws Measuring module, pressure Modulconverter Cobra3 Cobra3, sensor-10..120 °C Gas syringe, 100 ml Glass jacket Heating apparatus + Chemicals and other laboratory material

Art.No. 12150.00 12151.99 14602.00 14516.61 12103.00 12150.04 12120.00 02614.00 02615.00 32246.93

Quantity 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

29

Chemistry: Experiments Biochemistry Exp.No. Experiment description P1329600 Determination of the Michaelis´ contant with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1369630 Determination of the isoelectric point of an amino acid (glycine) with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1369640 Determination of the isoelectric point of an amino acid (glycine) with Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT P1369730 The ionic permeability of the cell membrane with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1369740 The ionic permeability of the cell membrane with Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT P1369830 Determination of the Michaelis constant with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1369840 Determination of the Michaelis constant with Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT P1369930 Substrate inhibition of enzymes with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1369940 Substrate inhibition of enzymes with Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT P1370030 Enzyme inhibition (poisoning of enzymes with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1370040 Enzyme inhibition (poisoning of enzymes with Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT 1) P4120111 Determination of the isoelectric point of an amino acid (glycine) with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P4120140 Determination of the isoelectric point of an amino acid (glycine) (Interface 1) P4120211 The ionic permeability of the cell membrane with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P4120240 The ionic permeability of the cell membrane mit der Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT 1) P4120311 Determination of the Michaelis constant with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P4120340 Determination of the Michaelis constant mit der Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT 1) P4120411 Substrate inhibition of enzymes with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P4120440 Substrate inhibition of enzymes mit der Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT 1) P4120511 Enzyme inhibition (poisoning of enzymes) with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P4120540 Enzyme inhibition (poisoning of enzymes) mit der Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT 1) P4120611 The enzymatic activity of catalase with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) detailed scientific description (only in english)

Enzyme inhibition (poisoning of enzymes) P1370030 Measurement of: Conductivity, time

The enzymatic hydrolysis of urea in aqueous solution liberates carbon dioxide and ammonia. The ions of these compounds increase the conductivity of the solution. Conductivity measurements enable the rate of hydrolysis of urea by the enzyme urease to be determined. The addition of an appropriate inhibitor poisons the enzyme, so that it no longer converts substrate.

Material list Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT Power supply 12V/2A Data cable, plug/socket, 9 pole Software Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT Conductivity/temp. electrode Magn.stirrer Mini/MST Magn.stirring bar 30mm, cyl.

Balance SAS 51, 200g/0.01g, RS232 + Chemicals and other laboratory material

Art.No. 12153.00 12151.99 14602.00 14520.61 13701.01 47334.93 46299.02 45990.93

Quantity 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Determination of the isoelectric point of an amino acid (glycine) P1369640 Measurement of: pH, temperature, volume

Amino acid molecules carry both acid and amino groups.

They can therefore form both acidic anions and basic cations. The pH at which these two types of ions are both present in the same concentration is called the isoelectric point. This point is to be determined by recording the titration curve for the amino acid glycine.

Material list Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT Power supply 12V/2A Data cable,plug/socket, 9 pole Software Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT pH-electrode, plastic body, gel, BNC Immers.probe NiCr-Ni,teflon,300C Cable Chem-Unit/Motor piston burette Motor.piston burette,univer.50ml Magn.stirrer Mini/MST Volumetric pipette, 50 ml Pipettor Balance SAS 51, 200g/0.01g, RS232 + Chemicals and other laboratory material

30

Art.No. 12153.00 12151.99 14602.00 14520.61 46265.15 13615.05 36501.01 36499.93 47334.93 36581.00 36592.00 45990.93

Quantity 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Biology: Experiments Human Physiology Exp.No. Experiment description P1332600 Cardiac and vasular sonic measurement (Phonocardiography) with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1332700 Electrocardiography with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1350300 Electromyography with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1350400 Electro-oculography with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1350500 Blood pressure measurement with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1350600 Measurement of the respiratory rate with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1350700 Changes in the blood flow during smoking with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1350800 Regulation of body temperature with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1360500 Muscle stretch reflex and determination of conducting velocity with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1360600 Acoustic orientation in space with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1360700 The enzymatic activity of catalase with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P4020111 Human electrocardiography (ECG) with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P4020211 Phonocardiography: Cardiac and vascular sonic measurement (PCG) with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P4020311 Blood pressure measurement with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P4020411 Changes in the blood flow during smoking with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P4020440 Changes in the blood flow during smoking mit der Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT 1) P4030111 Electromyography (EMG) on the upper arm with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P4030211 Muscle stretch reflex & determination of conducting velocity with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P4040211 Hearing threshold & frequency differentiating threshold in humans with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P4040311 Acoustic orientation in space with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P4060311 Regulation of human body temperature with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P4060340 Regulation of human body temperature mit der Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT 1) P4070511 Human electrooculography (EOG) with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P4090211 Measurement of the human respiratory rate with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) detailed scientific description (only in english)

Muscle stretch reflex and determination of conducting velocity P1360500 Measurement of: Voltage

To trigger a stretch reflex in the lower leg musculature by tapping the Achilles tendon (Achilles tendon reflex).

To record the compound action potential and determine the reflex latency and the conduction velocity.

Material list Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT Power supply 12V/2A Data cable,plug/socket, 9 pole Software Cobra3 Universal recorder Biological amplifier EMG electrodes, 3 pieces Electrode commoning cable Electrode cream, tube Reflex hammer, triggering Connecting cord, 250 mm, red + other laboratory material

Art.No. 12150.00 12151.99 14602.00 14504.61 65961.93 65981.02 65981.03 65981.05 65981.10 07360.01

Quantity 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Elektrocardiography (ECG)

P1332700 Measurement of: Voltage, time The compound action potential of the excited cardiac muscle fibre is recorded by ECG electrodes on the body surface between the left leg and the right and left arm. The signal is filtered, amplified and passed to an interface for display on a screen and evaluation (lead II according to Einthoven).

Material list Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT Power supply 12V/2A Data cable,plug/socket, 9 pole Software Cobra3 Universal recorder Biological amplifier ECG electrodes, 3 off Electrode commoning cable Potassium chloride 250 g Connecting cord, 250 mm, red Connecting cord, 250 mm, blue + other laboratory material

Art.No. 12150.00 12151.99 14602.00 14504.61 65961.93 65981.01 65981.03 30098.25 07360.01 07360.04

Quantity 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

31

Biology: Experiments Nervous Systems Exp.No. Experiment description P1360000 Neuro-simulator (membrane time constant and low-pass filtering) with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1360100 Neuro-simulator (how an exciting synapse functions) with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1360200 Mechanical stimulation of the rear end of an earthworm with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1360300 Mechanical stimulation of the front end of an earthworm with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1360400 Electrical stimulation of an anaesthesized earthworm with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P4010111 Derivation of nerve & muscle potentials by mechanical stimulation at rear of an earthworm with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P4010211 Derivation of nerve and muscle potentials by mechnical stimulation: front end of earthworm with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P4010311 Derivation of nerve potentials after electrical stimulation of an anaesthetized earthworm with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P4010511 Neurosimulator: Membrane time constant and low-pass filtering with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P4010611 Neurosimulator: How an exiting synapse functions with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) detailed scientific description (only in english)

Electrical stimulation of an anaesthetized earthworm P1360400 Measurement of: Voltage, time

To work on the following themes by measuring nerve and muscle potentials: 1. The action of an anaesthetic 2. The different conduction velocities of median and lateral giant fibres 3. Refractory period of the median giant fibre

Phywe Advantage:

• The earthworm experiment chamber can be used for many neurophysiological experiments on an earthworm without harming it

Material list Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT Power supply 12V/2A Data cable, plug/socket, 9 pole Software Cobra3 Universal recorder Biological amplifier Stimuli generator Earthworm experiment chamber Connecting cord, 250 mm, red Connecting cord, 250 mm, blue Connecting cord, 250 mm, black Connecting cord, 500 mm, red Connecting cord, 500 mm, blue + other laboratory material

Art.No. 12150.00 12151.99 14602.00 14504.61 65961.93 65962.93 65981.20 07360.01 07360.04 07360.05 07361.01 07361.04

Quantity 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1

Neuronal oscillation

P1087200 Measurement of: Voltage, time Many animal and human modes of behaviour exhibit rhythmic characteristics. The periodicity of such rhythmicity that is created in the central nervous system can extend over months, days, hours or seconds. The circuit example shows how non-oscillating individual neurons can be brought to oscillating behaviour in a group.

In each case, neural oscillators are necessary as timing generator for such behaviour.

The rhythmic behaviour of the neuronal network that is generated is based on the time-delayed negative feedback across a veto synapse. => You can find detailed experiment desciptions in the Handbook Neurosimulator (01191.02)

Phywe Advantage:

• With the combination of Neurosimulator and Cobra3 you can simulate many neurophysiological experiments

32

Material list Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT Power supply 12V/2A Data cable, plug/socket, 9 pole Software Cobra3 Universal recorder Neuro-simulator Neuro-simulator, power supply Connecting cord, 500 mm, yellow + other laboratory material

Art.No. 12150.00 12151.99 14602.00 14504.61 65963.00 65963.93 07361.02

Quantity 1 1 1 1 3 1 1

Biology: Experiments Plant Physiology Exp.No. Experiment description P1351200 Transpiration of leaves with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1351300 Photosynthesis (measurement of oxygen pressure) with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1351400 Glycolysis (measurement of temperature with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1351500 Calorimetry of foods with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1360800 Photosynthesis (bubble-counting method) with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1360900 Glycolysis (measurement of pressure) with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P4110111 Photosynthesis (bubble counting method) with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P4110211 Photosynthesis (measurement of O2 pressure) with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P4110311 Transpiration of leaves with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P4110411 Glycolysis (measurement of pressure) with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P4110511 Glycolysis (measurement of temperature) with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P4110540 Glycolysis (measurement of temperature) mit der Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT 1) detailed scientific description (only in english)

Glykolysis (Measurement of temperature) P1351400 Measurement of: Temperature, time

Experimental objective is to depict the increase in temperature, which results, when yeast cells ferment sugar. To compare the temperature curves of the solutions with and without yeast.

Material list Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT Power supply 12V/2A Data cable, plug/socket, 9 pole Software Cobra3 Temperature Temperature sensor, -10..120 째C Precision thermometer, 0...100 째C, grad. 0.2째 Thermos flask Rubber stopper, d = 41/34 mm, 2 holes Beaker, low, BORO 3.3, 1000 ml + Chemicals and other laboratory material

Art.No. 12150.00 12151.99 14602.00 14503.61 12120.00 47052.00 64841.00 39261.02 46057.00

Quantity 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 2 1

Photosynthesis (measurement of O2 pressure) P1351300 Measurement of: Pressure, time

The intensity of photosynthesis, and so also of oxygen production, is dependent on the colour and intensity of the light. To demonstrate this dependence, the increase in oxygen pressure is measured during photosynthesis under white light and green light, and in the dark. With a waterweed shoot, the pressure increase under green light is only half as much as under white light. No pressure increase is measurable in the dark.

Material list Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT Power supply 12V/2A Software Cobra3, Pressure Data cable, plug/socket, 9 pole Measuring module, pressure Support clamp for small case Support base variable Support rod, l = 500 mm Bosshead Universal clamp Lab jack, 160 x 130 mm + Chemicals and other laboratory material

Art.No. 12150.00 12151.99 14510.61 14602.00 12103.00 02043.10 02001.00 02022.00 02043.00 37715.00 02074.00

Quantity 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1

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Biology: Experiments Ecology and Environment Exp.No. Experiment description P1332500 Daily course of luminosity with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1350900 Comparison of the heat capacities of water and land with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1351000 The Bergman rule: heat loss in dependence on body surface area and volume with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1351100 The isolating effect of body coverage with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1370130 The conductivity of various water samples with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1370140 The conductivity of various water samples with Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT P1370230 The pH of various water samples with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1370240 The pH of various water samples with Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT P1370330 The origin of acid rain with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1370340 The origin of acid rain with Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT P1370430 The twenty-four hour rhythm of an aquatic plant with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT P1370440 The twenty-four hour rhythm of an aquatic plant with Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT 1) P4100111 Comparison of the heat capacities of water and land with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P4100140 Comparison of the heat capacities of water and land mit der Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT 1) P4100211 The Bergmann rule: Heat loss in dependence on body surface area and volume with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P4100240 The Bergmann rule: Heat loss in dependence on body surface area and volume mit der Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT 1) P4100311 The insulating effect of body coverage with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P4100340 The insulating effect of body coverage mit der Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT 1) P4100411 The daily course of luminosity with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P4100440 The daily course of luminosity mit der Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT 1) P4100511 The conductivity of various water samples with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P4100540 The conductivity of various water samples mit der Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT 1) P4100611 The pH of various water samples with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P4100640 The pH of various water samples mit der Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT 1) P4100711 The origin of acid rain with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 1) P4100740 The origin of acid rain mit der Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT 1) P4100840 The twenty-four hour rhythm of an aquatic plant mit der Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT 1) detailed scientific description (only in english)

The Bergmann rule: Heat loss in dependence on body surface area and volume P1351000 Measurement of: Temperature, time

Experimental objective is to prepare a graph which demonstrates the different heat losses with different volumes and body surface areas. This experiments confirms the Bergmann rule, which says that animals in colder regions are larger than their near relatives in warmer regions. The reason for this is that a larger animal suffers less heat loss than a smaller animal, as its body surface is smaller in comparison to its volume than it is for smaller animals.

Material list Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT Software Cobra3 Temperature Temperature sensor, -10..120°C Flask, round bottom, 100 ml, IGJ 19/26 Long-neck rd. bot.flask, 500 ml, PN 29 + other laboratory material

Art.No. 12150.00 14503.61 12120.00 35841.01 36348.00

Quantity 1 1 2 1 1

The isolating effect of body coverage P1351100 Measurement of: Temperature, time

The experimental objective is to prepare curves showing the isolating effect of various body coverages

Material list Art.No. Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 12150.00 Power supply 12V/2A 12151.99 Data cable, plug/socket, 9 pole 14602.00 Software Cobra§ Temperature 14503.61 Temperature sensor -10..120 °C 12120.00 Snap-cap vials, d = 28 mm, h = 75 mm, 10 p. 33622.03 Precision thermometer, 0...100 °C, grad. 0.2 ° 47052.00 + other laboratory material

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Quantity 1 1 1 1 2 1 1

Biology: Experiments Ecology and Environment The conductivity of various water samples P1370140 Measurement of: Conductivity, time

Besides undissolved solids and particles, natural waters also contain dissolved substances. These are mostly dissolved salts, i.e. electrolytes. The conductivity of the course of rivers subject to waste water effluents, for example, is therefore regularly monitored. High conductivities can result from in-washes after heavy downpours or from eluvation because of the geography.

Should this not be the case, they point to contamination by inorganic salts or, in flowing water, of the transport of salts from distant regions. In fresh-water lakes, the different mineral salt concentrations in various horizontal or vertical zones can be determined by conductivity measurements. In this experiment, the conductivity of various water samples are to be determined.

Material list Art.No. Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT 12153.00 Power supply 12V/2A 12151.99 Data cable, plug/socket, 9 pole 14602.00 Software Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT 14520.61 Conductivity/temperature electrode 13701.01 Wash bottle, plastic, 500 ml 33931.00 Glass beaker, tall, 50 ml 36001.00 Glass beaker, tall, 150 ml 36003.00 Retort stand, 180 x 100mm, h = 750 mm 37690.00 Right angle clamp 37697.00 Universal clamp 37715.00 Standard solution 1.413 mS/cm (25 °C), 460 ml 47070.02 Water, distilled, 5 l 31246.81 + other laboratory material

Quantity 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 7 1 2 1 1 1

Phywe Advantage: • Cobra3 can replace a multimeter. Just change the measuring module or sensor and measure different measuring quantities

The origin of acid rain

P1370340 Measurement of: pH-value Acid rain, which is predominately caused by anthropogenic air pollution from power stations, households and traffic, is the cause of damage to forests and the acidification of soil and bodies of water. The immissions are mostly gaseous, but are also often in the form of aerosols, i.e. suspended solid or liquid particles in a very finely distributed form. They contain gases (e.g. sulphur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, carbon dioxide etc.) and the acids derived from them (e.g. sulphurous acid, nitrous acid, nitric acid, carbonic acid etc.). In this experiment, acid rain is to be articially prepared by passing gases such as SO2, NO2 and CO2 through water, and the drop in pH resulting from the formation of acid then recorded.

Material list Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT Power supply 12V/2A Data cable, plug/socket, 9 pole Software Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT pH-electrode, plastic body, gel, BNC Retort stand, 180 x 100 mm, h = 750 mm Right angle clamp Graduated pipette, 5 ml Pasteur pipettes, 1 ml, PE, 500 pcs + other laboratory material

Art.No. 12153.00 12151.99 14602.00 14520.61 46265.10 37690.00 37697.00 36599.00 36615.00

Quantity 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1

35

Measuring quantities, Measuring modules and sensors Necessary Software module: Software Cobra3 Universal Writer (14515.61) or Software PowerGraph (14525.61)

Measurement of voltage/current

Voltages can be recorded easily with software assistance in a range of ± 0...30 V (BASIC-UNIT) or ± 0...80 V (CHEM-UNIT). The voltage can be measured in the ranges defined by the Cobra3 BASIC-/CHEM-UNIT. The current adapters for the Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT allow current intensity measurements of ± 0...6 A or ± 0...30 A. The measuring ranges of the current adapters are fixed. In addition, current intensities can be measured as a voltage drop using a parallel resistor.

Cobra3 Current sensor, 6 A, galvanic separated 12126.00 This sensor serves for galvanic separated measurements of direct and alternating currents of up to 6 A. The sensor is supplied complete with a 350 mm data cable which enables it to be connected to the appropriate SUB-D socket, either input S1 or input S2, of the Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT. The measurement current is fed in via the 4 mm pair of safety sockets of the sensor.

Technical data: Measuring range: Continuous current: Accuracy: Resolution: Limiting frequency: Continuity resistance: Dimensions of sensor: Weight:

6 A (sensor port S1), 6 A, 0.6 A, Autorange (sensor port S2) max. 6 A 1.5% 0.1% (of end value of measuring range) 20 kHz < 0.02 Ohm 97 x 42 x 25 (mm) approx. 0.12 kg

Cobra3 Current sensor, 30 A, galvanic separated 12127.00 This sensor serves for galvanic separated measurements of direct and alternating currents of up to 30 A. The sensor is supplied complete with a 350 mm data cable which enables it to be connected to the appropriate SUB-D socket, either input S1 or input S2, of the Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT. The measurement current is fed in via the 4 mm pair of safety sockets of the sensor.

Technical data: Measuring range: 30 A (sensor port S1), 30 A, 3 A, Autorange (sensor port S2) Continuous current: max. 25 A Max current: 30 A for < 5 minute!

Accuracy: 1.5% Resolution: 0.1% (of end value of measuring range) Limiting frequency: 20 kHz Continuity resistance: < 0.01 Ohm Dimensions of sensor: 97 x 42 x 25 (mm) Weight: approx. 0.12 kg

Necessary Software module: Software Cobra3 Translation/Rotation (14512.61)

Measurement of motion

The following kinds of motion can be measured with Cobra3: Linear motion velocity acceleration oscillation of a pendulum rotary motion angles angular velocity angular acceleration. Motions can be recorded with the Movement sensor or with the Light barrier with Incremental wheel.

Movement sensor

12004.10

Low-friction incremental decor with a high resolution (512 steps/turn) to detect rotary movements and linear movements. Diameter of the string grooves 6 mm and 12 mm.

Necessary adapter for connecting the BNC-cable with 4-mm plug: - Adapter BNC-socket / 4 mm plug pair 07542.27 - Adapter BNC-socket / 4 mm plug 07542.20 Recommended equipment for pendulum experiments: - Pendulum 12004.11

Light barrier, compact with Incremental wheel

11207.20

Universal fork-type light barrier to measure short and long shadowing periods. The Incremental wheel with a string groove which can be attached to the fork of the light barrier allows to measure paths by counting the ribs of the Incremental wheel. Areas of application: track experiments, free fall, pendulum experiments, leaf spring oscillations, drop counters, volumetric measurements concerning the gas laws.

36

Measuring quantities, Measuring modules and sensors Necessary Software module: Software Cobra3 Timer/Counter (14511.61)

Free Fall

The free fall experiment with a beam stopper and the compact light barrier is used to measure the uniformly accelerated motion in the earth's gravitational field. Other falling experiments can be performed with the help of the falling-sphere apparatus.

Beam stopper

02504.00

Black anodised aluminium with a rectangular space. Bore holes to attach additional masses in order to show that the acceleration of gravity does not depend on the mass of the falling body.

Technical data: Length: 21 cm Width: 5 cm.

Falling sphere apparatur

02502.88

Measurement instrument to determine falling time of falling bodies.

- Determination of the acceleration of gravity of a falling sphere with a high level of accuracy.

- The purely mechanical fixation of the sphere allows to avoid errors which might occur with electromagnetic fixing systems due to the residual magnetism inherent in these systems.

The apparatus includes the following individual components: Release unit 02502.00 Impact switch 02503.00 Remark: The release unit and the impact switch are attached to a PASS stand support system using clamps.

The fall path can thus be adjusted as desired. Suitable time measuring devices: Digital Counter 4 decades (13600.93), Digital Counter 6 decades (13603.93), Timer 4-4 (13605.99) or Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT (12150.00)

Measurement of Forces

Necessary Software module: Software Cobra3 Force/Tesla (14515.61)

Newton measuring module

12110.00

Plug-in module for measuring forces in conjunction with the Newton sensor (no. 12110.01). Especially suitable for experiments dealing with extremely small forces, e.g. surface tension experiments, Coulomb law, current balance etc.

Measuring range: ± 4 mN, ± 40 mN, ± 400 mN, ± 4 N Resolution: 0.0035 mN, 0.035 mN, 0.35 mN, 3.5 mN Compensation: ± 4 N in every measuring range

Newton Sensor ± 4 N

12110.01

To be connected to the Newton module. Placed in a sturdy metal housing with a rod to be attached to support stands. Fitted with a hook to measure tensile forces and a detachable plate to induce compressive forces.

- Overload protection through limit stops for tensile and compressive stress - Nearly "non-displacement" force measurement (stroke approx. 0.4 mm/N) - Measurement with the highest resolution level of 0.0035 mN and a pre-load of up to 4 N possible (compensation).

Cobra3 Newton sensor ± 50 N

12125.00

Force sensor with 4 strain gauges in full bridge circuit, with tare function, load hooks and fixing screw for assembly to stands. With 1.9 m fixed cable between sensor and probe. Including 350 mm data cable 2xSub-D, 9-pin type for Cobra3 sensors.

Technical data: Measuring range: ± 50/15/5/1/0,5 N, Autorange Resolution: 0.1% of upper limit of effective range Max. loading: 120 N Limiting frequency: 500 Hz Tare: possible in every measuring range, max. 50 N Dimensions [mm]: 70 x 50 x 15 Weight (only sensor): 0,08 kg

37

Measuring quantities, Measuring modules and sensors Measurement of electric charge

Necessary Software module: Software Cobra3 Universal Writer (14504.61) or Software Cobra3 PowerGraph (145245461)

Electrometer amplifier

13621.00

Versatile measuring amplifier for the determination of very small direct currents, for measurement of electric charges and for a quasi-static measurement of direct voltages. The electrometer amplifier can be adapted directly to the Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT or used separately as a low cost measuring amplifier. Addtionally power supply 11074.93 is required.

Technical data Amplification: 1 Output voltage: Âą 10 V with a 12 V~ supply voltage Input resistance: >1013 Output current: 5 mA, short-circuit-proof Input current: < 0.5 pA Output resistance: < 1 Inherent input capacitance: < 50 pF Dimensions: approx. 65 x 113 x 35 mm Input voltage: Âą 10 V Weight: approx. 150 g

Measurement of acoustic, cardiac and vascular sound

Necessary Software module: Software Cobra3 Timer/Counter (14511.61) or Software Cobra3 Frequency Analysis (14514.61) or Software Cobra3 Universal Writer (14504.61) or Software Cobra3 PowerGraph (14525.61)

In the area of acoustics the following items can be treated with Cobra3: Acoustic, frequency and level measurement, Fourier analysis, speed of sound, physiological experiments like cardiac and vascular sonic measurements

Measuring microphone

03542.00

With an integrated amplifier and three selectable output modes: level, signal, TTL-level - Frequency range: 30 Hz...20 kHz, (15...30 Hz and 20...40 kHz) with a reduced reception - Continuously adjustable amplification - Amplifier with minimum current requirements - Powered by a battery or an external power supply unit - Automatic shut-down after about one hour of class if powered by a battery. Reactivation by means of a push-button - 25 cm sensor tube (d = 8 mm) ensuring an interference-free measurement of sound fields - Flexible shielded cable ( l = 2 m), BNC plug - Comes supplied with a threaded rod for secure fastening Also necessary: Flat cell battery, 9 V: 07496.10 or Power supply unit 7.5/9/12 V, 300 mA, 2 mm plug: 11078.93 Adapter BNC socket/4 mm plug pair: 07542.27

Measuring microphone with amplifier

03543.00

- Microphone capsule with connecting cable ( l= 1.5 m) toward the amplifier - Frequency range: 50 Hz...20 kHz - Continuously adjustable amplification - Amplifier with minimum current requirements.

- Powered by a 9 V battery Also necessary: Flat cell battery, 9 V 07496.10

Acoustic probe

03544.00

Highly sensitive miniature microphone for measuring cardiac and vascular sound and for determining the heartbeat rate. Electret microphone with FET amplifier. Including a 1.5 m cable with 9-pin Sub-D plug. Frequency range: 50 Hz...20 kHz

38

Measuring quantities, Measuring modules and sensors Necessary Software module: Software Cobra3 Temperature(14503.61) or Software Cobra3 Gas Laws (14516.61) or Software Cobra3 Pressure (14510.61) or Software Cobra3 pH/Potential (14509.61) or Software Cobra3 Conductivity (14508.61) or Software Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT (14520.61)

Measurement of temperature/ thermodynamics

Temperature measuring module Pt 100

12102.00

Plug-in module for a high-resolution measurement of temperatures using Pt 100 sensors.

Technical data: - Measuring range: - 60 + 350 °C - Resolution: 0.01° C - Two sensors can be connected simultaneously (multiplexing). Measurement of the temperature difference with a resolution of 0.01°C.

Temperature probes Pt 100 Measuring resistance Pt 100 in a stainless steel or Teflon protective tube, connecting cable with four insulated copper leads for measuring resistances by the four conductor method, 5 pin diode plug.

Temperature range: Response time (in water): Protective tube: Length of protective tube: Diameter of protective tube: Length of lead: Art.No. 11759.01 11759.02 11759.04

11759.01 20 300 °C approx. 10 s Stainless steel 200 mm 5.2 mm / 3.2 mm at measuring tip 150 cm

11759.02 - 20 + 300 °C approx. 10 s Stainless steel 100 mm 3.5 mm 120 cm

11759.04 -200 300°C approx. 20 s Teflon 250 mm 7 mm/5 mm 150 cm

Description Temperature probe, immersion type, Pt 100 Surface temperature probe PT100 Temperature probe, immersion type, Teflon, PT100,

Temperature measuring module NiCr-Ni

12104.00

Plug-in module for measuring temperatures by means of NiCr-Ni thermocouples in the range of -50... +330°C. Can be combined with the pressure measuring module, e.g. to record vapour-pressure diagrams or to compensate the influence of the temperature on the electric conductivity or the pH value in solutions together with the corresponding modules and sensors.

Technical data: Measuring range: - 50...+ 333 °C Resolution: 0.2°C

Thermocouples NiCr-Ni, Standard plug Type K Different types of NiCr-Ni thermocouples with 2 pin standard flat plug Type K, free of thermal tension. Suitable for e.g. Digital Thermometer 07050.00, 07050.01, Hand-held measuring device Temperature 07140.00, Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT 12153.00 and Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT 12150.00.

Temperature range: Response time: Dimensions of the probe Diameter: Length: Length of lead:

13615.02 13615.01 13615.03 13615.04 13615.05 50 + 500 °C 50 +1100 °C 50 + 1000 °C 50 + 1000 °C 50 + 300 °C approx. 2 s <1s approx. 5 s approx. 3 s approx. 10 s 1 2 mm 150 cm

0.5 mm 100 mm 200 cm

Art.No. Descption 13615.02 Thermocouple NiCr-Ni,500 °C max.

13615.01 Thermocouple NiCr-Ni,sheathed, - 50 + 1100 °C steel, flexible, bending radius app. 1 mm 13615.03 Immersion probe NiCr-Ni, - 50 + 1000 °C 13615.05 Immersion probe, NiCr-Ni, teflon, 300 °C 13615.04 Surface probe NiCr-Ni, - 50 + 1000 °C

3 mm 120 mm 100 cm

4 mm (plate ) 120 mm 100 cm

7 mm 250 mm 150 cm

Remarks: glass silk isolation, point welded measuring tip Magnesium-oxide isolation, sheath of stainless for liquids and gases, in a protective tube, stainless steel for liquids and gases, in a protective tube, teflon for measuring surface temperature, Thermocouple on small copper plate to a protective tube

Temperature sensor, semiconductor type

12120.00

To be connected directly to the sensor ports S1 and S2 of the Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT. No measuring module required.

Technical data: Sensor sheathing: stainless steel Resolution: 0.5 °C at S1 / 0.2 °C at S2 Diameter: 6 mm Total length incl. Cable: 1.5 m Sensor length: 200 mm Connector: 9-pin-Sub-D Measuring range: - 20 °C...+ 110 °C

39

Measuring quantities, Measuring modules and sensors Temperature probe, immersion type, Pt1000 (for CHEM-UNIT) 12123.00

Temperature probes Pt1000, with 4 mm plugs (for CHEM-UNIT) For temperature measurement and automatic temperature compensation of pH- and conductivity measurements.

13702.01 Temperature probe Pt1000, 4-mm plugs, 1 m cable 07139.01 Temperature probe Pt1000, 4-mm plugs, 10 m cable

Necessary Software module: Software Cobra3 Pressure (14510.61) Software Cobra3 Weather Station (14518.61)

Measurement of pressure

Pressure measuring module Plug-in module for measuring pressures or pressure differences. With hose connector and hose section for connecting the module to any type of peripheral equipment (the vacuum rubber tubing Art.No. 39288.00 is recommended for extension purposes). The measuring module replaces mercury manometers or crusher gauges normally used for studying the gas laws, for recording vapourpressure diagrams or for measuring the barometric pressure.

Technical data: Pressure sensor: integrated in the measuring module Measuring range: 0...2 bar Resolution: 0.5 mbar Overload capacity: up to 4 bar Response time: < 1 ms Suitable media: non-aggressive gases and liquids

Pressure sensors, absolut or differential Absolute and differential pressure sensors for overpressure and vacuum systems. With hose connector and hose section for connecting the module to any type of peripheral equipment (the vacuum rubber tubing Art.No. 39288.00 is recommended for extension purposes). Including data cable for Cobra3 sensors.

Technical data: 12128.00 12129.00 12130.00 Measuring range: 2.0 bar 2.0 bar 80 mbar Autorange: 0.6 und 2.0 bar 0.6 und 2.0 bar 80/8/2.4 mbar Max. pressure: 10 bar 10 bar 750 mbar Min. pressure 0.2 bar Accuracy: 1.5 % 1.5 % 5% Resolution: 0.05 % 0.05 % 0.05 % Dimensions [mm]: 75 x 42 x 25 75 x 42 x 25 75 x 42 x 25 12128.00 12129.00 12130.00

Measurement of illuminance/ light intensity

Cobra3 Pressure sensor, 2.0 bar absolut Cobra3 Pressure sensor, 2.0 bar, differential Cobra3 Pressure sensor, 80 mbar, differential

Necessary Software module:

Software Cobra3 Lux (14507.61) or Software Cobra3 Universal Writer (14504.61)

Lux measuring module

12107.00

Plug-in module for measuring the illuminance. Measuring range selectable with the aid of the software.

Measuring Range Resolution 300 Lx 0.15 Lx 3 kLx 1.5 Lx 30 kLx 15 Lx 300 kLx 150 Lx

Luxmeter probe, l = 2 m

12107.01

Rod-type probe to be connected to the Lux measuring module Art.No. 12107.00, the hand-held measuring device luxmeter Art.No. 07137.00 or the Lux range multiplier Art.No. 11111.11.

Photodiode, housing G1

39119.01

Si-PIN photodiode with screen against stray light. Type BPW 24 Technical data: Operation as a photodiode: Operation as a photovoltaic cell: - Reverse voltage: < 50 V - Open-circuit voltage: app. 380 mV at 1 klx - Power: < 180 mW - Short-circuit current: app. 35 ÂľA at 1 klx - Sensitivity: 45 nA / lx - Sensitivity: 45 nA / lx

40

Measuring quantities, Measuring modules and sensors Measurement of magnetic field

Necessary Software module: Software Cobra3 Force/Tesla (14515.61)

Tesla measuring module

12109.00

Plug-in module for a precise measurement of magnetic DC and AC fields.

- Measurements possible from 5 T to 1 T - Detection of the field direction (sign) in the case of DC fields - Software-controlled zero adjustment and compensation of interference fields up to ± 1 T - Readily calibrated, i.e. no calibration magnet necessary - Use of the Hall probes of the teslameter Art.No. 13610.93 Technical data: Measuring ranges: ± 10 mT, ± 100 mT, ± 1 T Max. resolution: 5 T (12 bit) Compensation: ± 1 T in all measuring ranges

Hall probes, axial or tangential

These Hall probes can be combined with the digital Teslameter (13610.93) or the measuring module Cobra3 (12109.00) with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT (12150.00). Due to the flat electrode particularly suitable for measuring in narrow air gaps and in long coils. With fitted connecting cable and diode plug.

Art.No. 13610.01 13610.02

Description Hall probe, axial, l = 300 mm, tube diameter = 6 mm Hall probe, tangential, dimensions = 75 x 5 x 1 mm

Necessary Software module: Software Cobra3 Hall effect (14521.61)

Hall Effect

Hall effect module

11801.00

The Hall effect module is a time-saving system due to an easy, quick and safe experiment set-up. The Hall module offers the following advantages: - central power supply to provide an adjustable constant current for the sample and for the integrated sample heater - digital display to show either the sample current or the sample temperature - sample heater with fully automatic temperature control system to avoid damage to the samples - electronic compensating circuit for Hall voltage offset compensation - RS232 interface to connect an interface for comfortable data capturing, display and evaluation using a PC - Three carrier boards with temperature sensors, each equipped with a p- and n-doped germanium crystal and a non-doped Ge-crystal.

Technical data: Dimensions: 160 x 105 x 25 mm Max.sample temperature: 175 °C (automatic temperature control) Max. sample current: ± 60 mA Mains voltage: 12 V-; 3.5 A

Measurement of radioactivity/ nuclear physics

Necessary Software module: Software Cobra3 Radioactivity (14506.61)

Geiger-Müller counter tube module

12106.00

Plug-in module for measuring radioactive radiation with the aid of a Geiger-Muller counter tube. The module also supplies the counter tube with the necessary supply voltage.

Technical data: Counter tube voltage: 500 V ± 5% Max. pulse frequency: 4 x105 pulses per minute

41

Measuring quantities, Measuring modules and sensors Counter tube Type A and Type B Self deleting halogen pulse ionisation chamber counter tube with very thin mica window to investigate, -, and -radiation. In iron-chromium cylindrical casing, with BNC output socket (over interior 10 M resistor).

Protective cap for mica window. Counter tube B with a 50 cm long coaxial cable.

Technical data: Diameter of casing: 22 mm Length of plateau: 200 V Detactable type of radiation: Plateau rising: 0.04%/V Deleting substance: halogen Dead time: ca. 100 µs Covering density of the active surface: Mica Type A: 1.5...2.0 mg/cm2 Zero effect: 15 Impulse/minute Mica Type B: 2.0...3.0 mg/cm2 Operating life: >1010 Impulse Working voltage: 500 V 09005.00 Counter tube Type B, with fixed 50 cm long BNC cable 09025.11 Counter tube Type A

Measurement of pH/Potential

Necessary Software module: Software Cobra3 pH/Potential (14504.61) or Software Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT (14520.61)

pH/Potential measuring module

12101.00

Plug-in module for measuring pH values and potentials.

Input jack: coaxial, DIN 19262 Input impedance: 1012 pH measurement: Measuring range: 0 14 pH, (0.01 pH) Probe calibration: Software-controlled Temperature compensation: Software-controlled and manual or automatic with the aid of the temperature module NiCr-Ni (Art.No.12104.00) Potential measurement: Measuring range 0 ±2 V (± 1 mV)

pH electrodes with DIN connector 18450.00 pH Electrode, plastic, gel-filled, epoxy resin immersion shaft, with electrolyte-gel filling. Not refillable. With 1 m cable and DIN plug, immersion depth 120 mm, pH range 0...14, temperature range 0 to 60°C, membrane shape spherical 18452.00 pH Electrode, glass, refillable, with 1 m cable and DIN plug, immersion depth 165 mm, pH range 0...12, membrane resistance 400 W , temperature range 0 to 100 °C, membrane shape cylindrical, membrane volume 5 ml upwards

Silver chloride reference electrode

18475.00

Immersion length 150 mm, temperature range 0...80 °C, measuring volume 20 ml upwards, 4 mm plug, refillable

Platinum electrode in protective tube, d = 8 mm 45206.00 Electrode with fixed connection socket (4 mm plug). This electrode can be inserted or held in rubber stopperholes with 7 mm diameter as well as in screwed connection caps. In combination with Silver chloride reference electrode (18475.00) suitable for measuring of electrochemical potentials.

Motor piston burette, universal, 50 ml

36499.93

For uniform proportioning and reproducible titration. Microprocessor-controlled, with remote control. This spacesaving piston burette can be used for all kinds of titration, proportioning and incremental proportioning. The piston burette is particularly easy to use due to the menu-assisted user interface and the display. The precise proportioning system with the precision glass cylinder made of DURAN® and the zero-backlash motor-spindle-drive ensure exact results when it comes to proportioning and titration. All parts getting into contact with the titration and proportioning solutions are made of chemical-resistant materials.

Technical data: Burette volume: 50 ml Glass cylinder: DURAN® with a transparent, brown protective jacket Display: LCD matrix (64 x128 pixels) with background lighting; adjustable contrast Volume indication: 5 places before and 2 places after the decimal point Display accuracy: 0.01 ml Proportioning accuracy: ±0.15%, related to the total volume according to DIN 12650, Part 5 Power consumption: 18 VA Supply voltage: 230 V~ Dimensions: Width: 135 mm Depth: 310 mm Height: 205 mm Remark: For connecting the motor piston burette to the Cobra3-Interface you need additionally: - Cable, BASIC-UNIT / Motor piston burette (36501.03); for connecting to the Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT - Cable, CHEM-UNIT / Motor piston burette (36501.01); for connecting to the Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT

42

Measuring quantities, Measuring modules and sensors Cable, Cobra3 / Motor piston burette For connecting the motor piston burette (36499.93) to the Cobra3-Interface.

36501.03 36501.01

Cable, Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT to motor piston burette Cable, Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT to motor piston burette

Redox electrode, BNC (for Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT)

46267.10

For measuring of electrochemical potentials, with nonbreakable plastic shaft (d = 8 mm).

pH electrodes with BNC plug (for Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT) 46265.15 46266.10 46268.10

pH electrode, plastic, gel-filled, 0 + 80 °C, 1.5 bar, gel-filled with double reference lead, with BNC plug, 1 m cable, 120 x 12 mm pH electrode, plastic, 0 + 80 °C, 0.5 bar, refillable with double reference lead, with BNC plug, 1 m cable, 120 x 12 mm pH electrode, glass, -5 + 100 °C, 0.5 bar, refillable, with BNC plug, 1 m cable, 120 x 12 mm.

Special electrodes with 4-mm plugs (for Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT)

For connecting pH electrodes 18475.00 and 18477.00 to measuring instruments with BNC sockets adapter 07542.26 is required.

18475.00 Silver chloride reference electrode Immersion length 150 mm, temperature range 0...+ 80 °C, measuring volume 20 ml upwards, 4 mm plug 45206.00 Platinum electrode in protective tube, d = 8 mm 18477.00 Antimony electrode together with a reference electrode, e.g. silver chloride 18475.00, for pH measurements in the range 2.0 to 9.5, 4 mm plug

Measurement of conductivity

Necessary Software module: Software Cobra3 Conductivity (14508.61) or Software Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT (14520.61

Conductivity measuring module

12108.00

Plug-in module for measuring conductivity.

Technical data: Measuring ranges: 0... 0,2 mS/cm 0... 2 mS/cm 0... 20 mS/cm 0... 200 mS/cm Measuring range selection: Software-controlled Measuring frequency: app. 4 kHz Temperature compensation: Software-controlled and manual or automatically with Measuring module temperature NiCr-Ni (12104.00) Cell constant: 0,85...1,15 cm-1

Conductivity probe

18151.02

Glass shaft l = 12 cm, platinum-plated platinum sheet electrodes, minimum immersion depth 15 mm, cell constant 1.0 cm-1 ±10%, including a 1.5 m cable.

Conductivity-temperature probe (for Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT) 13701.01 Conductivity probe with integrated Pt1000 temperature probe, cell constant k = 1,0/cm-1, minimum immersion depth 10 mm, 5 pin diode plug.

Measurement of oxygen content in water

Necessary Software module: Software Cobra3 Oxygen (14505.61)

Oxygen measuring module

12105.00

Plug-in module for oxygen measurements. Simultaneous measurement of the oxygen concentration and the temperature using the oxygen/temperature probe Art.No. 12105.01. If there is also a pressure measuring module or a conductivity measuring module these can be connected to a free sensor port for correcting the atmospheric pressure or the salt content.

Technical data: Measuring ranges Atmospheric pressure correction: manual or automatic 0 30 mg/l O2-concentration: using the pressure module 12103.00 0 200 % O2-saturation: Salt content correction: manual or automatic using the Temperature: 0 + 50 °C conductivity module 12108.00 Accuracy O2 : 2% of the measured value Electrode calibration: in air-saturated water or in the air Temperature compensation: automatic (0 + 50 °C)

43

Measuring quantities, Measuring modules and sensors Oxygen/temperatur electrode

12105.01

With an integrated Pt1000 temperature sensor. Comes supplied together with a service box including an electrolyte and a diaphragm cap (spare part).

Measurement of meteorological data

Necessary Software module: Software Cobra3 Weather station(14518.61)

With the help of the Software Cobra3 Weather station you can record 4 important meteorological data at the same time. That is in detail: 1. Temperature 2. Air pressure 3. Relative humidity 4. Wind velocity

Pressure measuring module

12103.00

Plug-in module for measuring pressures or pressure differences. With hose connector and hose section for connecting the module to any type of peripheral equipment (the vacuum rubber tubing no. 39288.00 is recommended for extension purposes). The measuring module replaces mercury manometers or crusher gauges normally used for studying the gas laws, for recording vapourpressure diagrams or for measuring the barometric pressure.

Technical data: Pressure sensor: integrated in the measuring module Measuring range: 0...2 bar Resolution: 0.5 mbar Overload capacity: up to 4 bar Response time: < 1 ms Suitable media: non-aggressive gases and liquids

Cobra3 Humidity sensor

12121.00

Humidity sensor for measuring the relative and absolute humidity and also the temperature with Cobra3 BASICUNIT. Technical data: Measuring range: 5...95% rel. humidity ± 5% Response time: 15 s in moving air Temperature measureing range: 40... 85 °C

Cobra3 Wind sensor

12124.00

Wind sensor with large speed measurement range of 4 to 140 km/h for fitting to masts or support rods or poles.

Can be screwed onto the tripod rod/pole (M6) or attached to any mast or jib using the fixing angle supplied.

Technical data: Operating temperature: 0 + 70 °C Measuring range: 1 40 m/s resp. 4 140 km/h Max. switching capacity: 0.6 VA Weight: approx. 0.3 kg Dimensions [mm]: 112 x 162 x 140

Quantitative measurements with the Stirling engine

Necessary Software module: Software Cobra3 Universal Writer (14504.61) or Software Cobra3 PowerGraph (14525.

Stirling engine, transparent

04372.00

Stirling motor mounted on a base plate. Large transparent flywheel. Both cylinder and displacement piston made of heat-proof glass. Connecting rod and crank of wear resistant plastic. Hardened, ball bearing mounted steel connecting rod. Displacement piston with 2 measuring connecting pieces for temperature measurements.

To demonstrate the functionality of: a hot air engine a heat pump/cold machine a solar motor To determine: mechanical and electric power as a function of rotating speed of operating temperatures and temperature differences For the recording and evaluation of: pV diagrams (thermodynamic cycle processes) Technical data: Base plate: 207 x 290 mm Flywheel diameter: 140 mm Hole in temperature measuring connection piece (for thermocouple NiCr-Ni, sheathed): 0.6 mm Motor power: approx. 1 W rotating speed without load: min. 800/min Volume: 32 cm3 44 cm3 Standard accessories: spirit burner, Allen wrench to mount flywheel.

44

Measuring quantities, Measuring modules and sensors Meter for Stirling engine, pVnT

04371.97

To display temperature and number of revolutions per minute, and for the output of analogue voltages for Stirling motor pressure and volume.

Technical data: Revolutions per: Minute: 4 digit display Pressure: analogue voltage value Range: 0 1999 min 1 Range: 0 5 V approx. Po ±1000 hPa Temperature: 4 digit display Volume: analogue voltage value T1: measuring range: 10 + 500 °C Range: 0 5 V Resolution: 1 °C Vmin Vmax T2: measuring range: 10 +190°C Resolution: 0.2°C Mains voltage: 230 V/50 60 Hz (display T1 can be switched over to difference measurement)

Sensor unit pVn

04371.00

To measure pressure inside the Stirling motor with a sensitive, temperature compensated pressure sensor and to scan the crankshaft with an incremental transmitter.

Technical data: Pressure sensor (for operating voltage 5 V): Sensitivity: typically 44x10-6 V/hPa Linearity: 0.15 % Incremental transmitter: Voltage at Po: typically 0 mV Resolution: 256 impulses/revolution

Measurement of RLC circuits

Necessary Software module: Software Cobra3 Universal Writer (14504.61) or Software Cobra3 PowerGraph (14525.61)

Function generator measuring module (FG-Module)

12111.00

Plug-in measurement module for generating sinusoidal, square-wave and triangular-wave signals, direct voltages and frequency- or voltage-ramps. The module can be used as a voltage or current source: - If it is used as a voltage source, the actual frequency and current can be displayed and measured during operation - If it is used as a current source, the actual frequency and voltage can be displayed and measured - In addition, up to 2 measurement quantities can be recorded and evaluated with the help of the Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT Technical data: Frequency ranges Range 1: 200 Hz 20 kHz Range 2: 2 Hz 200 Hz Interval: 10 Hz Interval: 1 Hz Signal form: Sinusoidal, square-wave, triangular-wave signals, direct voltages and frequency- or voltageramps Voltage source Current source Amplitude: ±0 V...10 V Amplitude: 0 mA...100 mA Interval: 5 mV Interval: 5 mA Offset voltage: 10 V...10 V (adjustable) Offset current: 100 mA...±100 mA

Industry sensor adapter

Necessary Software module: Software Cobra3 Universal Writer (14504.61) or Software Cobra3 PowerGraph (14525.61)

Industry sensor adapter

12132.00

The sensor is used to adapt commercially available industrial sensors with 2-, 3- and 4-conductor technology to the Cobra3 interface system. All sensor signals are converted into the Cobra3-typical 0 10 V signal.

Technical data: Supply voltage output: 24 V DC/50 mA max.

Signal input: 2-conductor type 4-20 mA: Ri = 500 3-conductor type 0-20 mA: Ri = 500 4-conductor type 0-10 mA: Ri = 130 k Signal output (Cobra3): 0...10 V or 2...10 V DC Resolution: 5 mV (corresponds to 10 mA sensor signal)

45

Measuring quantities, Measuring modules and sensors Necessary Software module: Software Cobra3 Universal Writer (14504.61) or Software Cobra3 PowerGraph (14525.61)

Neurophysiological Experiments

A large number of neurophysiological experiments with living objects can be realised with Cobra3. The Neurosimulator unit offers additionally a lot of possibilities to simulate neurophysiological experiments without living objects.

Biological amplifier

65961.93

With the aid of this biological amplifier a wide range of electrophysiological experiments can be carried out on human beings, insects and earthworms. The frequency range for the measurement can be preselected to match the different biological current sources as in ECG (electrocardiogram), EMG (electromyogram, muscle action potential), EEG (electroencephalogram, recording of the electrical activity of the brain), EOG (electro-oculogram, recording of eye movements, e.g. when reading), ENG (electronystagmogram). Furthermore electrophysiological nerve and muscle potentials of an earthworm can be measured.

Technical data: Input resistance: 10 M Input voltage : 10 µV...100 mV Amplification stages: x100 and x1000 Frequency ranges of types of measurement: ECG: 0.5...75.0 Hz EEG, ENG, EOG: 1...25 Hz EMG, earthworm: 80 Hz...5 kHz Trigger input: R < 220 Trigger output: 5 V (TTL)

Neurosimulator, neuron unit

65963.00

The neuron unit Neurosimulator simulates a generalised nerve cell with an apical dendrite and its synaptic contacts, a cell body (soma) and a nerve fibre (axon) with myelin sheathes and a Ranvier's ring. The dendrite comprises exciting, inhibiting, presynaptic and Hebb's synapses which are marked by the corresponding colours of the sockets. Here the axons end in presynaptic buttons. These are represented together with a part of the (afferent) fibre providing the signal. The connection between the (efferent) axon of a neuron unit which leads away or the stimulus output socket of the operating unit and a synapse is established by means of a white cable which is inserted into the desired synapse socket. The yellow sockets serve for the derivation of the state of excitement of the simulated neuron. They must be connected to suitable measuring instruments (e.g. Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT).

The intracellular potential (simulation of an intracellular electrode) can be collected at the socket "l" and the signal of the axon (action potentials = AP) at "E". These last ones represent the signals which are passed on by the cell.

The height of the intracellular potential l can be deduced from the luminous intensity of the light emitting diode at the point of the electrode. Furthermore, the action potentials can be made audible with the aid of the integrated acoustic monitor. This allows - similar to what is happening in a neurophysiological laboratory - a direct evaluation of the cell activity. The turning knob "S" serves for setting the "firing threshold" of the neuron. This threshold controls that part of the intracellular potential which is passed on by means of action potentials (the effect of alcohol or drugs

Neurosimulator operating unit

65963.93

The operating unit comprises the power supply of up to 4 neuron units, three touch simulators with a variable stimulating intensity and an optic sensor. The three touch simulators comprise a key button and a turning knob which serves for adjusting the intensity of stimulation (or the height of the provided signal). The signal is supplied as long as the stimulation key remains pressed. The lightsensitive photo sensor allows the simulation of a simple eye showing lightdark signal.

Voltage output: + 9 V (for 4 Neurosimulator units maximum) Offset output: 7 V Stimulus outputs: 0 7 V Operating voltage: 230 V, 50 60 Hz

Measurement of masses

Necessary Software module: Software Cobra3 Balance (14470.61) or Software Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT (14520.61)

Measurement of masses The PHYWE software "Balance" and CHEM-UNIT allow balances with serial interfaces (RS232) to be connected to a computer. The software transfers measurement values to the PC, displays them in a demonstrative manner during the measurement and saves them for archiving purposes.

Software features: - Display of measurement values during the measurement in a digital, analog or graphic form (either separately or simultaneously) - Measurement value conversion during the measurement (online) - Saving of measurement values/measurement series - Numerous different ways of measurement value evaluation after the measurement - Printing of measurement values as graphs or tables - Comparison of several measurements - Export of measurement values into other Windows® programs - Manual input of series of measurement values - Calculation of values using a function generator - and many more Note concerning the "Cobra3 CHEM UNIT" software: If you use this software, you have to connect a Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT to the PC in addition to the balance in order to be able to transfer values from the balance to the PC.

46

Measuring quantities, Measuring modules and sensors Cobra3 Accessories Digital large-format display

07157.93

Special four-digit large-format display for presenting the measurement data supplied by the Cobra3 COM-UNIT, the PHYWE handheld measuring instruments and Sartorius or Denver balances equipped with data interfaces.

- 4-digit digital display with a digit height of 56 mm - Matrix display (15 x 14 pixels) for presenting the units - Serial interface (RS 232) for connecting a measuring instrument - Second connector for the simultaneous presentation of another measuring quantity - Threaded connectors for connecting support stands or a clamp (to attach the display to various experimental set-ups).

- Fit for the future: The large-format display can be updated and adapted to other measuring instruments which are not available on the market yet.

Also included: Power supply 12 V/1 A with plug, support rod with thread Necessary accessories: Data cable 2xSub-D, 9-pin type 14602.00, support clamp for small cases 02043.10 Technical data: - Screw thread: 2 x M6, 1 x M4 - Display: 7 Segment LED d = 7/10 mm; l = 120 mm - Display range (4-digit): 0...9999; (3.5-digit): ± 1999 - Support rod: - Height of matrix display: 15 x 14 pixel - Power supply: 230 V~/12 V, 1 A - Dimensions of matrix display (mm): 60 x 65 - Dimensions (mm): 40 x 110 x 340 - Port: 9-polig Sub-D (RS232)

Power supply Cobra3

12151.99

Converter USB - RS232

14602.10

To ensure the power supply of a Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT, Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT, Cobra3 COM-UNIT, Cobra3 DISPLAYUNIT and approximately 4 other UNITs. Technical data: Voltage input: 100 240 V AC /0.5 A / 47 63 Hz Connection: female connector for non-heating apparatuses (one male connector for non-heating apparatuses is included) Voltage output: + 12 V / 2 A Connecting cable: low-voltage plug

Active converter with a USB connector and a 9-pin Sub-D connector. This connector has to be connected to the female USB connector and provides a serial interface with a 9-pin SUB-D connector. It is used to connect a Cobra3 BASIC UNIT, a Cobra3 CHEM UNIT and all other units equipped with serial interfaces to a PC lacking such an interface. Instead, the serial interface is connected to a USB interface of the PC through the converter. The Converter USB - RS232 comes supplied with a CD with drivers. Cable length: 1.8 m

Data cable 2xSub-D, 9-pin type

14602.00

Versatile connecting cable (plug/socket) for the following connection types: connection of the BASIC-UNIT with the serial interface of a PC connection of the CHEM-UNIT with the serial interface of a PC connection of the COM-UNIT with the Cobra3 DISPLAY-UNIT connection of the COM-UNIT with a Digital large-format display connection of up to 4 Digital large-format displays among each other connection of up to 2 Cobra3 DISPLAY-UNITs among each other connection of Cobra3 sensor port with Cobra3 measuring module converter etc.

Cobra3 measuring module converter

12150.04

To connect a Cobra3 measuring module to one of the sensor ports of the BASIC-UNIT. The converter is plugged onto the measuring module by means of the 25-pin female connector. The 9-pin male connector is connected to the sensor port using a data cable (Art.No. 14602.00).

USB 2.0 4-Port HUB, with power pack

14612.00

If your computer does not have sufficient USB ports for connecting several PHYCON Interfaces, you can connect a USB HUB to one of your USB ports. This then provides you with 4 USB ports (Fig. similar).

Technical data: USB HUB with 4 USB ports 2.0 Type A Including external power pack Including USB A-B cable, 1.8 m long Including CD with drivers

Support clamp for small cases

02043.10

The clamp can be screwed to the back of the Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT, CHEM-UNIT, COM-UNIT, DISPLAY-UNIT or Digital large-format display thus allowing to attach the UNITs to a support stand for presentation purposes.

47

Cobra3 packages The Cobra3 Starter Set for Physics, Chemistry and Biology

The Starter Set consists of: Description Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT Power supply 12V/2A Data cable, plug/socket, 9 pole Softw. Cobra3 Universal recorder Software Cobra3 Timer/Counter Softw. Cobra3 translat./rotation Software Cobra3 Temperature Light barrier, compact Photo diode, G1 Wire resistor 0,2 Ohm, 2W, G1 Temperature sensor, -10..120°C Handbook Physics, Computerassisted experiments with Cobra3 Handbook Chemistry/Biology, Computerassisted experiments with Cobra3

Art.No. 12150.00 12151.99 14602.00 14504.61 14511.61 14512.61 14503.61 11207.20 39119.01 39104.69 12120.00

Quanity 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

01310.02

1

01320.02

1

This Cobra3 Starter Set can replace the following equipment: mechanical plotter (xy, 2yt) multimeter digital counter Â&#x2013; Frequency- and event counting electronic stopwatch instrument for measuring paths, velocity and acceleration photometer (relative measurement) thermometer etc.

Remark: additionally required material, e.g. Power supply, glassware, chemicals, support material etc. are not included in this package.

48

12170.66

The following experiments can be realised with the Cobra3 Starter Set: Physics:

Frequency of a spring pendulum Frequency of a thread pendulum Ohm's Law Temperature dependence of the resistance of pure metals Switch-on current of a incandescent bulb Measurement of the work and power of an incandescent bulb Induction impulse Free fall with a screen The path-time law for free fall with the falling sphere apparatus Uniform, linear, unaccelerated motion Pendulum oscillations-variable g pendulum The harmonic oscillation of helical springs parallel and series connection of spring Dependence of the oscillation period of a leaf spring on the pendulum length & pendulum mass Specific heat capacity of water Specific evaporation heat of water Specific heat capacity of liquids Single-valued and multiple-valued Fourier spectra Spectral analysis of different signal forms sinusoidal, rectangular, triangular signals

Chemistry:

Electrolysis of copper sulphate solutions The electrochemical series of metals Electric potential of a concentration element

Biology:

Daily course of luminosity Changes in the blood flow during smoking Glycolysis The isolating effect of body coverage Comparison of the heat capacities of water and land The Bergman rule: heat loss in dependence on body surface area and volume

P1330100 P1330200 P1330300 P1330400 P1330800 P1330900 P1331200 P1336900 P1337000 P1337100 P1337700 P1337800 P1337900 P1349100 P1349200 P1349300 P1361100 P1361300 P1331800 P1331900 P1332000 P1332500 P1350700 P1351400 P1351100 P1350900 P1351000

Cobra3 packages The Cobra3 Physics Set

12171.66

The following experiments can be realised with the Cobra3 Physics Set: Mechanics The Physics Set consists of: Description Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT Power supply 12V/2A Data cable, plug/socket, 9 pole Software Cobra3 Universal recorder Software Cobra3 Timer/Counter Software Cobra3 translat./rotation Software Cobra3 Temperature Software Cobra3 Fourieranalysis Light barrier, compact Photo diode, G1 Wire resistor 0,2 Ohm, 2W, G1 Temperature sensor, -10..120°C Beam stopper Measuring microphone with amplifier Handbook Physics, Computerassisted experiments with Cobra3

Art.No. 12150.00 12151.99 14602.00 14504.61 14511.61 14512.61 14503.61 14514.61 11207.20 39119.01 39104.69 12120.00 02504.00 03543.00

Quanity 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 1

01310.02

1

This Cobra3 Physics Set can replace the following equipment: storage oscilloscope (up to 0,5 MHz) frequency analyser (Fourier analysis) mechanical plotters (xy, 2yt) multimeter digital counter Â&#x2013; Frequency- and event counting electronic stopwatch instrument for measuring paths, velocity and acceleration photometer (relative measurement) thermometer etc Remark: additionally required material, e.g. Power supply, glassware, chemicals, support material etc. are not included in this package.

Frequency of a spring pendulum Frequency of a thread pendulum Free fall with a screen Uniform, linear, unaccelerated motion Uniformly accelerated, linear motion, Newton`s 2nd law Frequency of a thread pendulum Pendulum oscillations-variable g pendulum The harmonic oscillation of helical springs parallel and series connection of spring Dependence of the oscillation period of a leaf spring on the pendulum length & pendulum mass

Acoustics

P1330100 P1330200 P1336900 P1337100 P1337300 P1337600 P1337700 P1337800 P1337900

Measurement of frequency of tuning forks, detuning of tuning forks Investigation of the natural oscillation of columns of air Measurement of the speed of sound in air Measurement of the speed of sound in diffent gases Measurement of the speed in metal rods

P1336000 P1336100 P1336200 P1336300 P1336400

Specific heat capacity of water Specific evaporation heat of water Specific heat capacity of liquids Specific heat capacity of solid bodies Specific condensation heat of water Specific melting heat of ice Specific dissolution heat of salts

P1349100 P1349200 P1349300 P1349400 P1349500 P1349600 P1349700

Ohm's Law Temperature dependence of the resistance of pure metals.

Characteristics of semi-conductor diodes Collector current-collector voltage characteristic of an NPN-trans.

Second order conductors Switch-on current of a incandescent bulb Measurement of the work and power of an incandescent bulb Switch-on behaviour of a capacitance Induction impulse Generation of an alternating current, rectification and filtration Dependence of the luminous intensity on the distance Current-voltage characteristic of a solar cell Single-valued and multiple-valued Fourier spectra Spectral analysis of different signal forms sinusoidal, rectangular, triangular signals Analysis of Fourier series High-pass, low-pass, bandpass filters Switch rebound Phase relationships in a series resonant circuit Free damped oscillation

P1330300 P1330400 P1330500 P1330600 P1330700 P1330800 P1330900 P1331000 P1331200 P1331300 P1331500 P1336700 P1361100

Thermodynamics

Electricity

P1361300 P1362600 P1362700 P1363100 P1363200 P1363300

49

Cobra3 packages Chemistry Set Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT

12174.66

The Chemistry Sets consist of:

CHEM-UNIT Set (12174.66) BASIC-UNIT-Set (12172.66) Description Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT Power supply 12V/2A Data cable, plug/socket, 9 pole Software Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT Software Cobra3 Universal recorder Software Cobra3 Temperature Software Cobra3, Pressure Software Cobra3 pH and potential Measuring module, pressure Measuring module pH/potential pH-electrode, polythene sheathed pH-electrode, plastic, refill, BNC Protection sleeve for pH electrode Measuring module Temp., NiCr-Ni, 330 °C Immersion probe NiCr-Ni, teflon, 300 °C Conductivity/temperature electrode Wire resistor, 0,2 Ohm, 2W, G1 Handbook Chemistry/Biology, Computerassisted experiments with Cobra3

Art.No. Quantity 12150.00 1 12153.00 1 12151.99 1 1 14602.00 1 1 14520.61 1 14504.61 1 14503.61 1 14510.61 1 14509.61 1 12103.00 1 12101.00 1 18450.00 1 46266.15 1 37651.15 2 12104.00 1 13615.05 1 1 13701.01 1 39104.69 1 01320.02

1

1

This Cobra3 Chemistry Sets can replace the following equipment: mechanical plotters (xy, 2yt) multimeter barometer manometer pH-meter conductivity measuring device thermometer etc.

50

Chemistry Set Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT

12172.66

The following experiments can be realised with the Cobra3 Chemistry Sets: Food chemistry

The manual titration of citric acid Changes in pH during the aging of milk (souring) The buffering properties of foods Calorimetry of foods

Ecology and environment

The conductivity of various water samples The pH of various water samples The origin of acid rain

Biochemistry

Substrate inhibition of enzymes Enzyme inhibition (poisoning of enzymes)

Electrolysis

Electrolysis of copper sulphate solutions The electrochemical series of metals Electric potential of a concentration element

Gas laws

Gay-Lusac´s law Amonton´s law Boyle's and Mariotte's law

P13705-30/40 P13711-30/40 3) P13712-30/40 1) P1351500 3) 3)

P1370140 P13702-30/40 3) P13703-30/40 2) 3)

3) 3)

P13699-30/40 P13700-30/40

P1331800 P1331900 1) P1332000 1) 1)

P1350000 P1350100 1) P1350200 1) 1)

only with Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT only with Cobra3 CHEM-UNIT 1) with Cobra3 BASIC- or CHEM-UNIT 1) 1)

Remark: additionally required material, e.g. Power supply, glassware, chemicals, support material etc. are not included in this package.

Cobra3 packages The Cobra3 Biology Set

12173.66

The Biology Set consists of: Description Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT Power supply 12V/2A Data cable, plug/socket, 9 pole Software Cobra3 Universal recorder Software Cobra3 Temperature Software Cobra3, Pressure Software Cobra3 pH and potential Measuring module, pressure Measuring module pH/potential pH-electrode, polythene sheathed Photo diode, G1 Temperature sensor, -10..120째C Acoustic probe for Cobra3 Handbook Chemistry/Biology, Computerassisted experiments with Cobra3

Art.No. 12150.00 12151.99 14602.00 14504.61 14503.61 14510.61 14509.61 12103.00 12101.00 18450.00 39119.01 12120.00 03544.00

Quantity 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1

01320.02

1

The following experiments can be realised with the Cobra3 Biology Set: Food chemistry

The manual titration of citric acid Changes in pH during the aging of milk (souring) The buffering properties of foods

Ecology and environment

The pH of various water samples The origin of acid rain The twenty-four hour rhythm of an aquatic plant Comparison of the heat capacities of water and land The Bergman rule: heat loss in dependence on body surface area and volume The isolating effect of body coverage Daily course of luminosity

Biochemisty

This Cobra3 Starter Set can replace the following equipment: mechanical plotter (xy, 2yt) multimeter barometer pH-meter thermometer photometer (relative measurement) etc.

The ionic permeability of the cell membrane Substrate inhibition of enzymes Enzyme inhibition (poisoning of enzymes)

P1370530 P1371130 P1371230 P1370230 P1370330 P1370430 P1350900 P1351000 P1351100 P1332500 P1369730 P1369930 P1370030

Human physiology

Cardiac and vasular sonic measurement (Phonocardiography) The enzymatic activity of catalase Blood pressure measurement Regulation of body temperature

Plant physiology

Photosynthesis (measurement of oxygen pressure) Transpiration of leaves Glycolysis (measurement of pressure) Glycolysis (measurement of temperature Calorimetry of foods

P1332600 P1360700 P1350500 P1350800 P1351300 P1351200 P1360900 P1351400 P1351500

Remark: additionally required material, e.g. Power supply, glassware, chemicals, support material etc. are not included in this package.

51

Phywe measuring devices with PC interface!

This overview shows you all PHYWE units equipped with a direct PC interface. You can control these units with the help of our "measure" software and a PC without the Cobra3 interface system. You can also evaluate the measurements in the usual way in the "measure" software. Please do not hesitate to contact us if you need further information concerning the units!

Ultrasonic in air

X-Ray Unit 35 kV Integrated storage box

Two LED-Displays Quick change x-ray tube technology: 3 different tubes can be used

eingebautes Ratemeter Fluorescent screen

RS232-interface for PC-control Visible x-ray tube

Ultrasonic Unit Goniometer Operation Unit Software Goniometer

13900.00 13903.99 14523.61

Demo multimeter p, pH, T, U, I, R, f

Demo multimeter, RS232 Software for Demo multimeter

52

X-Ray Unit 35 kV Software for X-Ray Unit 35 kV

Built-in goniometer

09058.99 14407.61

Work and power meter

13721.93 14409.61

Temperature meter digital, 4-2

Temperature meter, digital Software for temperature meter, digital

Operating panel

Work and power meter Software for Work and power meter

13715.93 14403.61

Digital pH-meter

13617.93 14405.61

Digital pH-meter Software for Digital pH-meter

13702.93 14408.61

Phywe measuring devices with PC interface!

Digital conductivity meter

Digital conductivity meter Software for Digital conductivity meter

Franck-Hertz-Experiment

13701.93 14400.61

Multi-Channel-Analyzer

Franck-Hertz control unit Software for Franck-Hertz experiment

09105.93 14522.61

GREAT ADVANTAGE! Update possible!!!

Both the firmware of many Phywe devices and the measuring software Â&#x201E;measureÂ&#x201C; can be easily updated under:

Multi-Channel-Analyzer Software for Multi-Channel-Analyzer

13726.99 14424.61

Balances with RS232 interface

www.phywe.com Electric field meter

Balances with RS232 interface (Sartorius, Denver, Scaltec) Software Balance 14470.61

Electric field meter Software for Electric field meter

11500.10 14406.61

Phywe hand-held measuring devices (with Datalogger) for environmental experiments

Oxygen 07135.00 07136.00 07137.00 07138.00 07139.00 07140.00

Pressure

LUX

Oxygenmeter, hand-held, RS232, Datalogger Barometer/Manometer, hand-held, RS232, Datalogger Lux meter, hand-held, RS232, Datalogger Conductivity meter, hand-held, RS232, Datalogger pH-potential meter, hand-held, RS232, Datalogger Temperature meter 2 x NiCr-Ni, hand-held, RS232, Datalogger

Conductivity 14420.61 14419.61 14418.61 14417.61 14416.61 14415.61

pH

Temperature

Software Oxygenmeter, hand-held Software Barometer/Manometer, hand-held Software Lux meter, hand-held Software Conductivity meter, hand-held Software pH-/potential meter, hand-held Software Temperature meter 2 x NiCr-Ni, hand-held

Overview Current probe 6 A (12126.00) Current probe 30 A (12127.00) Standard industry sensors (24 V-)

Page measurement module Software modul measure Unit Sample Experiments in Handbook Cobra3 36 without Universal recorder Ohm´s law (P1330300) Shunt resistor (e.g. 39104.69) (14504.61) 36 without Universal recorder Heat capacity of gases (P2320211) (14504.61) 45 Function generator PowerGraph (14525.61) RLC Circuit (P2440611) Universal recorder (14504.61) Inductance of solenoids (P2440311) (12111.00) 45 Industry sensor PowerGraph (14525.61) adapter (12132.00)

Light barrier with counter (11207.30) Light barrier, compact (11207.20)

36

Path-time law

Falling sphere apparatus (02502.88)

37

without

Distance/angle

Movement sensor with cable (12004.10)

36

without

Force

Newton sensor ± 50 N (12125.00)

37

without

Force

Newton sensor (12110.02)

37

Pressure

without

40

Newton (12110.00) Pressure (12103.00)

Pressure

without

40

without

41

Frequency, level, spectrum

Pressure sensor, 2 bar abs. (12128.00) Pressure sensor, 2 bar diff. (12129.00) Pressure sensor, 80 mbar diff. (12130.00) Hall probe, axial (13610.01) Hall probe, tangential (13610.02) Counter tube, Typ A (09025.11) Counter tube, Typ B (09005.00) Measuring microfon (03542.00) Microfon with amplifier (03543.00)

Tesla (12109.00) GM Counter tube (12106.00) without

Temperature

Temperature sensor, -10...120 °C (12120.00)

39

Temperature

Temperature Pt100 (12102.00)

Wind speed

Temp.probe, immersion type, Pt100 (11759.01) 39 Surface temperature probe, Pt100 (11759.02) Temperature probe, imm., teflon (11759.04) Immersion probe NiCr-Ni, -50...1000°C (13615.03) 39 Thermocouple NiCr-Ni, sheathed (13615.01) Thermocouple NiCr-Ni, 500°C max. (13615.02) Surface probe NiCr-Ni (13615.04) Immers.probe NiCr-Ni, teflon, 300°C (13615.05)

Cup anemometer (12124.00)

44

without

Humidity, temperature Lux

Humidity sensor (12121.00) Luxmeter probe (12107.01)

44 40

pH and Potential

pH-electrode, polythene sheathed (18450.00) pH-electrode, shock resistant (18452.00)

42

46

without Lux (12107.00) pH/Potential (12101.00) Conductivity (12108.00) Oxygen (12105.00) without

40

without

38

without

pH electrode, plastic body, gel, 43 BNC (46265.10) Redox electrode, BNC (46267.10) Ag/AgCl reference electrode (18475.00) 42

without

Magn. flux density Radiation

Temperature

41 38

Conductivity

Conductivity probe (18151.02)

Oxygen

Oxygen / Temperature electrode (12105.01) 43

EOG ECG EMG Lux

Biological amplifier (65961.93) ECG electrodes (65981.01) EMG electrodes (65981.02) Photo diode, BPW24, G1 (39119.01)

Cardiac/vascular sonic Acoustic probe (03544.00) pH-value

Potential

43

Conductivity/Temperature Conductivity/temp.electrode (13701.01) 43 Temperature Temp.probe, imm.type, Pt1000 (12123.00) 39 Thermocouple NiCr-Ni, sheathed (13615.01) Immersion probe NiCr-Ni, -50...1000°C (13615.03) Immersion probe NiCr-Ni, teflon, 300°C (13615.05)

Surface probe NiCr-Ni (13615.04)

Thermocouple NiCr-Ni, 500°C max. (13615.02)

Voltage Current (Shunt) Mass

Temperature probe Pt1000, glass, 4-mm connectors (13702.01) without

40

Balance

46

without

Timer/Counter (14511.61) Translation/Rotation* (14512.61) Timer/Counter (14511.61) Translation/Rotation* (14512.61) Force/Tesla* (14515.61) Force/Tesla* (14515.61) Pressure* (14510.61) Gas laws* (14516.61) Pressure* (14510.61) Force/Tesla* (14515.61) Radioactivity* (14506.61) Fourieranalysis (14514.61) Timer/Counter (14511.61) Temperature* (14503.61) Temperature* (14503.61)

Frequency of a thread pendulum (P1330200) Force-free, linear motion (P1337200) The path-time law for free fall with the falling sphere apparatus (P1337000) Uniform, linear, unaccelerated motion (P1337100) Coulomb´s law (P2420415) Gay-Lussac´s law (P1350000)

BASIC-UNIT (12150.00)

Current, Voltage, Frequency Voltage (0-10 V) Current (0-20 mA) Current (4-20 mA) Time/distance/angle

Measurement probes without

Temperature NiCr-Ni Temperature* (12104.00) (14503.61)

Weather station (14518.61) PowerGraph (14525.61) Lux* (14507.61) pH/Potential* (14509.61) Conductivity* (14508.61) Oxygen* (14505.61) Universal recorder (14504.61)

CHEM-UNIT (14520.61)

Amonton´s law (P1350100)

Hall-Effect in p-Germanium (P2530115) Range of alpha particles in the air (P1363400) Investigations of beats (P1361500) Measurement of frequency of tuning forks, detuning of tuning forks (P1336000) The isolating effect of body coverage (P1351100)

Specific heat capacity of liquids (P1349300) Volume expansion of gases (P1349900)

Photosynthesis (bubble-counting method) (P1360800)

The automatic titration of ordinary vinegar (P1370600) The pH and degree of acidity of coffee (P1370830)

Determination of the Michaelis constant (P1369800)

Electrooculography (P1350400) Electrocardiography (P1332700) Electromyography (P1350300) Dependence of the luminous intensity on the distance (P1331500) Cardiac and vascular sonic meas. (P1332600)

CHEM-UNIT (12153.00)

Measuring quantity Voltage Current (Shunt) Current

*you can alternatively use Software PowerGraph (14525.61)

The automatic titration of ordinary vinegar (P1370640) Determination of the common salt content of meat broth (P1371440) Determination of the Michaelis constant (P1369840)

The Starter and students´ USB-Interface for Physics, Chemistry and Biology!

The PHYCON interface software makes measuring easy: Automatic sensor detection with visualisation of the connected sensors in the software Up to 8 sensors can be connected at any one time Clearly designed All control elements are always visible Intuitive to use Real-time display of all measured values The experiment parameters can be saved and reloaded Many and diverse analysis functions in the main measure program

PC-Software

PHYCON USB-Interface

28 different sensors

Sensor

Force sensor 12558.00

System overview PHYCON-USB-Interface Software

Software PHYCON-Interface (14450.61)

Interface

PHYCON, USB-Interface (12500.00)

The PHYCON interface makes it particularly easy for you to get to grips with computer-aided experiments: Its compact size makes it easy to handle Is connected to the PC via the USB interface and is automatically identified by the operating system Doesn t require a power pack, as it is supplied with electricity from the PC via the USB interface Ideal for multi-channel measurements, as up to 8 PHYCON interfaces can be connected to a PC at any one time Its low price makes its extremely suitable for student exercises too Due to the clearly designed and intuitively used software you will quickly and easily obtain your measurement results The large number of sensors available, which can be connected to PHYCON, enables universal use in physics, biology and chemistry lessons

Sensors

Detecting element

Voltage sensor, - 10...+ 10 V (12576.00) Differential voltage sensor, - 6...+6 V (12556.00) Instrument amplifier (12563.00) Current sensor, 0,6 .. +0,6 V (12555.00) Temperature sensor, 40 .. +130°C (12570.00) Surface temperature sensor, 40 .. +130 °C (12572.00) Temperature sensor, long, 50 .. +150°C (12571.00) Thermocouple box, NiCr-Ni, 200 .. +1400°C (12573.00)

integrated in the sensor

Measured variable Voltage

integrated in the sensor

Voltage

integrated in the sensor

Voltage

integrated in the sensor

Current

integrated in the sensor

Temperature

integrated in the sensor

Temperature

integrated in the sensor

Temperature

Thermocouple, micro-sheath (13615.01) Thermocouple, single (13615.02) Thermocouple, submersible sensor (13615.03) Thermocouple, surface (13615.04) Thermocouple, teflon (13615.05) integrated in the sensor

Temperature

integrated in the sensor

Pressure

integrated in the sensor

Force

integrated in the sensor integrated in the sensor

Magnetic flux density Acceleration

integrated in the sensor

Acceleration

integrated in the sensor

Illuminance

integrated in the sensor

UV intensity

integrated in the sensor

UV intensity

integrated in the sensor

Sound level

integrated in the sensor

Air humidity

pH electrode, plastic, gel-filled, BNC (46265.15) pH electrode, plastic, refillable, BNC (46266.15) pH electrode, glass, refillable, BNC (46268.10) Platinum redox electrode, plastic, gel-filled, BNC (46267.10) integrated in the sensor

pH-value

integrated in the sensor integrated in the sensor

Absorption Transmission Oxygen content

integrated in the sensor

Oxygen content

integrated in the sensor

ECG

integrated in the sensor

Pulse

Respiratory frequency cuff (12568.00)

Respiration frequency

Pressure sensor (barometer), 810 .. 1060 hPa, absolut (12552.00) Pressure sensor, 0 .. 2100 hPa, absolut (12562.00) Force sensor, 50 .. +50 N, (12558.00) Magnetic field sensor (12565.00) Acceleration sensor, 25-g, 250 .. +250 m/s2 (12550.00) Acceleration sensor, 5-g, 50 .. +50 m/s2 (12551.00) Light sensor (12564.00) UVA sensor, ~320 .. ~390 nm (12574.00) UVB sensor, ~290 .. ~320 nm (12575.00) Sound level meter, 0...130 dB (12569.00) Air humidity sensor, 0...95% (12567.00) Electrode amplifier, -450...+1100 mV (12560.00) Conductivity sensor (12554.00) Colorimeter, 430/470/565/635 nm (12553.00) Oxygen sensor for O2 (12557.00) Oxygen sensor for gaseous O2 (12566.00) ECG sensor (12559.00) Heart rate sensor (12561.00) Pressure sensor, 0...2100 hPa, absolute (12562.00)

Pressure

electrochemical potential Conductivity

PHYWE SYSTEME GMBH & CO. KG

2005.07.15 Art. Nr.: 00200.02

phone: +49 551 604-0 fax: +49 551 604-107 E-Mail: int.sales@phywe.com Internet: www.phywe.com

We reserve ourselves all rights concerning errors, translation, technical data, partial reproduction und photocopies!

Robert-Bosch-Breite 10 D-37079 Gรถttingen