NE STOPAJTE 9(ý 32 3567,+ .DNR SRQRYQR ]DåLYHWL VYRMH åLYOMHQMH þH LPD YDã EOLåQML PHMQR RVHEQRVWQR PRWQMR
3$8/ 7 0$621 06 5$1', .5(*(5 =DORÃ¥ED &KLDUD /MXEOMDQD
1DVORY L]YLUQLND 3DXO 7 0DVRQ 06 5DQGL .UHJHU 6723 :$/.,1* 21 (**6+(//6 7DNLQJ \RXU OLIH EDFN ZKHQ VRPHRQH \RX FDUH DERXW KDV ERUGHUOLQH SHUVRQDOLW\ GLVRUGHU &RS\ULJKW ‹ 3DXO 7 0DVRQ 5DQGL .UHJHU 3UDYLFH ]D VORYHQVNL MH]LN ‹ =DORåED &KLDUD SUHYHGOD ,UHQD 3DQ OHNWRULUDOD 6DQMD /HEHQ -D]EHF REOLNRYDO 6DL 3DQ =DORåLOD LQ L]GDOD =DORåED &KLDUD 3ULSUDYD ]D WLVN &DPHUD G R R
9VH SUDYLFH SULGUåDQH 1REHQ GHO WH SXEOLNDFLMH VH QH VPH EUH] YQDSUHMãQMHJD SLVQHJD VRJODVMD ]DORåEH QD QD QREHQ QDþLQ LQ Y QREHQL REOLNL UD]PQRåHYDWL UHSURGXFLUDWL LQ NRSLUDWL
&,3 .DWDORÃ¥QL ]DSLV R SXEOLNDFLML 1DURGQD LQ XQLYHU]LWHWQD NQMLÃ¥QLFD /MXEOMDQD
0$621 3DXO 7 1H VWRSDMWH YHþ SR SUVWLK NDNR REYODGRYDWL VYRMH åLYOMHQMH þH LPD YDã EOLåQML PHMQR RVHEQRVWQR PRWQMR 3DXO 7 0DVRQ 5DQGL .UHJHU >SUHYHGOD ,UHQD 3DQ@ /MXEOMDQD &KLDUD 3UHYRG GHOD 6WRS ZDONLQJ RQ HJJVKHOOV ,6%1 .UHJHU 5DQGL
0$621 7 3DXO .5(*(5 5DQGL 1H VWRSDMWH YHþ SR SUVWLK .DNR VSHW REYODGRYDWL VYRMH åLYOMHQMH þH LPD YDã EOLåQML PHMQR RVHEQRVWQR PRWQMR 3DXO 7 0DVRQ 5DQGL .UHJHU > SUHYRG ,UHQD 3DQ @ ± /MXEOMDQD &KLDUD 3UHYRG GHOD 6WRS ZDONLQJ RQ HJJVKHOOV
3ULYHåLWH VL SDVRYH 7R ER ãH QHPLUQD QRþ %HWWH 'DYLV 9VH R (YL $OO DERXW (YH
1H R]LUDMH VH QD WR NDNR ]HOR QDV RGQRVL ] GUXJLPL OMXGPL ODKNR ]PHGHMR Y QDV XVWYDUMDMR GYRP LQ SURWLVORYMD QH PRUHPR QLNROL ]DUHV XWLãDWL VYRMHJD QRWUDQMHJD JODVX NL QDP YHGQR JRYRUL UHVQLFR 0RUGD QDP WR NDU JRYRUL QL SUHYHþ YãHþ LQ SRJRVWR PX GRYROLPR ãHSHWDWL ]JROM QD UREX QDãHJD ]DYHGDQMD LQ PX QH SRVYHWLPR GRYROM þDVD GD EL JD ]DUHV VOLãDOL 9HQGDU QDV WDNUDW NR PX SULVOXKQHPR YRGL N QRWUDQML PRGURVWL ]GUDYMX LQ MDVQRVWL 7R JODV YDUXMH QDãR FHORYLWRVW 6XVDQ )RUZDUG 3K '
7D NQMLJD MH QDPHQMHQD RWURNRP PODGLP LQ VWDULP QD þLJDUãQMD åLYOMHQMD MH YSOLYDOD PHMQD RVHEQRVWQD PRWQMD ,Q QDãLP XþLWHOMHP ± VWRWLQDP OMXGHP NL VR QDP SULSRYHGRYDOL VYRMH ]JRGEH ] QDPL GHOLOL VYRMH VRO]H WHU VYRMD VSR]QDQMD 9L VWH RPRJRþLOL GD MH ODKNR QDVWDOD WD NQMLJD
YVHELQD
=DKYDOH ix 3UHGJRYRU xiii 2E VORYHQVNHP SUHYRGX WH NQMLJH xvii 892' ,QWLPQL WXMFL .DNR MH QDVWDOD WD NQMLJD
PRVI DEL 5$=80(9$1-( 9('(1-$ ., *$ 329=52ý, 0(-1$ 26(%12671$ 0271-$ SRJODYMH 6WRSDQMH SR SUVWLK $OL LPD NGR YDãLK EOLåQMLK 020" SRJODYMH 1RWUDQML VYHW PHMQHJD .DM MH WR 020 SRJODYMH ,VNDQMH VPLVOD Y NDRVX 5D]XPHYDQMH YHGHQMD RVHEH ] 020
SRJODYMH äLYOMHQMH Y SDUQHP ORQFX .DNR YHGHQMH RVHEH ] 020 YSOLYD QD QH 02
DRUGI DEL .$.2 63(7 9=3267$9,7, 1$'=25 1$' 692-,0 ä,9/-(1-(0 SRJODYMH 1DUHGLWH VSUHPHPEH ]QRWUDM VHEH SRJODYMH 5D]XPHYDQMH YDãH VLWXDFLMH 3RVWDYOMDQMH PHMD LQ XUMHQMH VSUHWQRVWL SRJODYMH 6DPR]DYHVWQR LQ RGORþQR XYHOMDYLWH VYRMH SRWUHEH SRJODYMH 1DUHGLWH YDUQRVWQL QDþUW SRJODYMH =DãþLWLWH RWURNH SUHG YHGHQMHP RVHEH ] 020
TRETJI DEL 5(â(9$1-( 326(%1,+ 7(ä$9 SRJODYMH 9 VWUDKX SUHG QDVOHGQMR SRWH]R 9Dã PHMQL RWURN SRJODYMH /DåL JRYRULFH LQ REWRåEH .DPSDQLMD QDþUWQHJD L]NULYOMDQMD SRJODYMH .DM VHGDM" .DM VWRULWL ] YDMLQLP RGQRVRP"
vi
'2'$7(. $ 9]URNL LQ ]GUDYOMHQMH 020 '2'$7(. % 9DGED ]DYHVWQH SR]RUQRVWL '2'$7(. & .DNR MH ] ]GUDYOMHQMHP PHMQH RVHEQRVWQH PRWQMH Y 6ORYHQLML 9,5, 5()(5(1&(
vii
32*/$9-(
QH VWRSDMWH YHþ SR SUVWLK ,PD NGR RG YDãLK EOLåQMLK 020"
âH SR OHWLK ]DNRQD QLVHP PRJHO UD]XPHWL NDM SRþQHP QDUREH 5D]LVNRYDO VHP Y NQMLåQLFDK JRYRULO ] ]GUDYQLNL VH SRJRYDUMDO V VYHWRYDOFL SUHELUDO þODQNH LQ UD]SUDYOMDO V SULMDWHOML OHW VHP SUHåLYHO Y UD]PLãOMDQMX ]DVNUEOMHQRVWL LQ SUHYHOLNHPX ]DXSDQMX Y WR NDM MH JRYRULOD R PHQL 'YRPLO VHP YDVH LQ VH PXþLO QH GD EL YHGHO ]DNDM 3RWHP VHP QHNHJD GQH QD VSOHWX NRQþQR RGNULO RGJRYRUH 2G RODMãDQMD VHP ]DþHO MRNDWL ýHSUDY VYRMH SDUWQHUNH QH PRUHP SUHSULþDWL GD SRWUHEXMH SRPRþ VHP NRQþQR YVDM UD]XPHO NDM VH GRJDMD 1LVHP NULY 6HGDM YHP NDM MH UHV VSOHWQD VNXSLQD 'REURGRãOL Y 2]X :HOFRPH WR 2] RQOLQH FRPPXQLW\
ZZZ %3'&HQWUDO
MH WD NQMLJD ]D YDV" Ɣ 9DP NGR RG EOLåQMLK SRY]URþD YHOLNR EROHþLQH" Ɣ 6H ]DORWLWH GD SULNULYDWH VYRMH PLVOL DOL REþXWNH NHU YDV MH VWUDK NDNR
1H VWRSDMWH YHþ SR SUVWLK
ER YDã EOLåQML UHDJLUDO DOL SD ]JROM ]DWR NHU VH YDP SUHSURVWR QH ]GL YUHGQR WYHJDWL KXGHJD SUHSLUD DOL SUL]DGHWRVWL NL EL WHPX VOHGLOD" Ɣ ,PDWH REþXWHN GD ER YVH NDU ERVWH UHNOL L]NULYOMHQR LQ XSRUDEOMHQR SURWL YDP" 9DV NULWL]LUD LQ REWRåXMH ]D YVH WHåDYH Y RGQRVX" &HOR WDNUDW NR WR QL ORJLþQR" Ɣ 6WH WDUþD LQWHQ]LYQH QDVLOQH DOL QHUD]XPQH MH]H NL ML VOHGL SRYVHP QRUPDOQR LQ OMXEHþH REQDãDQMH YDãHJD EOLåQMHJD" 6H YDP ]JRGL GD YDP OMXGMH NR MLP SRVNXãDWH UD]ORåLWL NDM VH YDP GRJDMD QH YHUMDPHMR" Ɣ ,PDWH REþXWHN GD YDV YDã EOLåQML GRåLYOMD NRW ]JROM ,PDWH GREUHJD DOL NRW ]JROM VODEHJD YPHV SD QL QLþHVDU" REþXWHN GD ] 6H NGDM ]JRGL GD ]D VSUHPHPER QMLKRYHJD YDPL PDQLSXOLUDMR GRåLYOMDQMD QL QREHQH ORJLþQH UD]ODJH" YDV QDG]LUDMR DOL GD YDP Ɣ 6H Y WHP RGQRVX ERMLWH SURVLWL ]D NDUNROL NGDM FHOR ODåHMR" GD YDP QH EL UHNOL GD VWH SUHYHþ ]DKWHYQL DOL GD ,PDWH REþXWHN GD VWH MH ] YDPL QHNDM QDUREH" ,PDWH REþXWHN GD YDãH åUWHY þXVWYHQHJD SRWUHEH QLVR SRPHPEQH" L]VLOMHYDQMD" Ɣ $OL GUXJD RVHED SRGFHQMXMH DOL ]DQLND YDã SRJOHG QD VWYDUL" ,PDWH REþXWHN GD QH PRUHWH QLþHVDU QDUHGLWL SUDY NHU VH WR NDU VH SULþDNXMH RG YDV YHV þDV VSUHPLQMD" Ɣ 9DV REWRåXMHMR ]DUDGL VWYDUL NL MLK QLVWH QLNROL VWRULOL LQ ]DUDGL EHVHG NL MLK QLVWH QLNROL L]UHNOL" ,PDWH REþXWHN GD YDV QDSDþQR UD]XPHMR NR SD åHOLWH VWYDUL SRMDVQLWL RGNULMHWH GD YDP GUXJD RVHED QH YHUMDPH" Ɣ 9DV YDã RGQRV SRJRVWR GXãL" ýH JD SRVNXãDWH NRQþDWL VH YDP ]JRGL GD SRVNXãD GUXJD RVHED WR QD YVDN QDþLQ SUHSUHþLWL LQ SUL WHP XSRUDEOMD YVH ± RG L]MDYOMDQMD OMXEH]QL LQ REOMXEOMDQMD GD ER VHGDM YVH GUXJDþH GR SRVUHGQLK LQ QHSRVUHGQLK JURåHQM" 6L L]PLãOMXMHWH RSUDYLþLOD ]D QMLKRYR REQDãDQMH LQ SRVNXãDWH SUHSULþDWL VDPHJD VHEH GD MH YVH Y UHGX" ýH VWH QD WD YSUDãDQMD YHOLNRNUDW RGJRYRULOL ] GD LPDPR ]D YDV GREUR QRYLFR 1LVWH QRUL 1L YDãD NULYGD ,Q QLVWH VDPL 0RUGD LPDWH SRGREQH L]NXãQMH NRW GUXJL NHU LPD QHNGR RG YDãLK EOLåQMLK ]QDþDMVNH SRWH]H NL VR SRYH]DQH ] PHMQR RVHEQRVWQR PRWQMR 020 6OHGLMR WUL UHVQLþQH ]JRGEH OMXGL NL VR RGNULOL GD LPD QMLKRY EOLåQML WR PRWQMR .RW Y YVHK GUXJLK SULPHULK Y WHM NQMLJL ]JRGEH WHPHOMLMR QD SULSRYHGLK þODQRY VSOHWQLK SRGSRUQLK VNXSLQ 'D EL ]DNULOL QMLKRYR LGHQWLWHWR VPR SRVDPH]QH SRGUREQRVWL VSUHPHQLOL
1H VWRSDMWH YHþ SR SUVWLK
-RKQRYD ]JRGED %LWL SRURþHQ ] RVHER ] 020 %LWL SRURþHQ ] QHNRP NL LPD 020 MH WDNR NRW GD EL Y QHNHP WUHQXWNX åLYHOL Y QHEHVLK Y QDVOHGQMHP SD SULVWDOL Y SHNOX 5D]SRORåHQMD PRMH åHQH QLKDMR L] PLQXWH Y PLQXWR 'D EL ML XVWUHJHO YHV þDV KRGLP SR SUVWLK LQ VH WDNR SRVNXãDP L]RJQLWL SUHSLUX NHU SR QMHQHP PQHQMX JRYRULP SUHNPDOX SUHKLWUR ] QDSDþQLP WRQRP DOL QDSDþQR L]UD]QR PLPLNR 1DPH VH UD]MH]L FHOR WDNUDW NR VWRULP QDWDQþQR WR NDU PH SURVL 1HNHJD GQH PL MH XND]DOD GD RWURNH RGSHOMHP $OL VWUDQ NHU MH KRWHOD LPHWL QHNDM þDVD ]DVH 9HQGDU VHGDM PL MH WDNUDW NR VPR RGKDMDOL YUJOD NOMXþH Y JODYR UD]PLãOMDWH Ä1LVHP LQ PH REWRåLOD GD MR RþLWQR WDNR ]HOR VRYUDåLP LPHO SRMPD GD REVWDMD GD QH SUHQHVHP ELWL VNXSDM ] QMR .R VPR ] RWURNL ãH NGR NL GRåLYOMD SULãOL L] NLQD VH MH REQDãDOD NRW GD VH QL ]JRGLOR SRGREQH VWYDUL NRW QLþ =DQLPDOR MR MH ]DNDM VHP ãH YHGQR SUL]DGHW LQ MD] ´ UHNOD PL MH GD LPDP WHåDYH ] RGSXãþDQMHP MH]H 1L ELOR YHGQR WDNR 3UHGHQ VYD VH SRURþLOD VYD LPHOD UD]EXUOMLYR URPDQWLþQR UD]PHUMH NRW Y ¿OPX 7DNUDW PH MH LGHDOL]LUDOD JRYRULOD PL MH GD VHP ]DQMR Y WROLNR SRJOHGLK SRSROQ 6HNV MH ELO L]MHPHQ 3LVDO VHP ML OMXEH]HQVND SLVPD LQ ML NXSRYDO GUDJD GDULOD 3R ãWLULK PHVHFLK VYD VH ]DURþLOD OHWR GQL NDVQHMH VYD ELOD SRURþHQD LQ QD VDQMVNLK GRODUMHY GUDJLK PHGHQLK WHGQLK 9HQGDU VH MH WDNRM SR SRURNL ]DþHOD SULWRåHYDWL ]DUDGL QHSRPHPEQLK PDOHQNRVWL QDGDOMHYDOR SD VH MH V SOD]RP NULWLNH ]DVOLãHYDQM LQ SUL]DGHWRVWL 1HSUHVWDQR PH MH REWRåHYDOD GD VL åHOLP GUXJLK åHQVN LQ VYRMH WUGLWYH XWHPHOMHYDOD ] L]PLãOMHQLPL ÄSULPHUL´ 0RML SULMDWHOML VR MR RJURåDOL ]DWR MLK MH ]DþHOD ]DYUDþDWL *RYRULOD MH JUGH VWYDUL R PRMHP SRNOLFX PRML SUHWHNORVWL PRMLK YUHGQRWDK PRMHP SRQRVX ± R YVHP NDU MH ELOR SRYH]DQR ] PHQRM 9HQGDU MH YVDNH WROLNR þDVD QMHQ VWDUL MD] SRQRYQR SULãHO QD SODQR ± WLVWL GHO QMH NL PH MH OMXELO LQ PHQLO GD VHP QDMEROMãL IDQW Y YHVROMX =DPH MH ãH YHGQR QDMEROM SDPHWQD ]DEDYQD LQ SULYODþQD åHQVND NDU MLK SR]QDP LQ ãH YHGQR VHP ]HOR ]DOMXEOMHQ YDQMR =DNRQVNL WHUDSHYW PHQL GD LPD PRMD åHQD PRUGD 020 YHQGDU RQD Y]WUDMD GD VHP MD] Ne WLVWL NL MH XQLþLO QDMLQ RGQRV 0HQL GD MH WHUDSHYW LGLRW PHãD VH YDP LQ QH åHOL YHþ LWL N QMHPX .DNR QDM ML SRPDJDP GD 1L YDãD NULYGD VSUHMPH SRPRþ NL MR WDNR ]HOR SRWUHEXMH" ,Q QLVWH VDPL
1H VWRSDMWH YHþ SR SUVWLK
/DUU\HYD ]JRGED 9]JDMDWL RWURND ] 020 'D MH ] QDMLQLP SRVYRMHQLP VLQRP 5LFKDUGRP QHNDM QDUREH VYD YHGHOD åH WDNUDW NR MH ELO VWDU PHVHFHY ýXGQR VH MH REQDãDO YHOLNR MH MRNDO NULþDO MH ODKNR XUH VNXSDM .R MH ELO VWDU GYH OHWL MH LPHO YVDN GDQ ãWHYLOQH QDSDGH MH]H QHNDWHUL VR WUDMDOL WXGL SR QHNDM XU =GUDYQLN QDP MH WDNUDW GHMDO OH Ä)DQWMH VR SDþ IDQWMH ´ .R MH ELO 5LFN VWDU VHGHP OHW VPR Y QMHJRYL VREL QDãOL VSRURþLOR GD VH ER SUL RVPLK OHWLK XELO 1MHJRY RVQRYQRãROVNL XþLWHOM QDV MH QDSRWLO N EOLåQMHPX SVLKLDWUX WD SD QDP MH GHMDO GD 5LFN SRWUHEXMH VDPR YHþ RUJDQL]LUDQRVWL LQ VWDOQRVWL 3RL]NXVLOL VPR ] YVHP V SR]LWLYQLP Y]SRGEXMDQMHP WUGR URNR LQ FHOR ] UD]OLþQLPL GLHWDPL 9HQGDU QL QLþ GHORYDOR .R MH ELO Y VUHGQML ãROL MH åH ODJDO NUDGHO L]RVWDMDO RG SRXND LQ ELO SRYVHP QHREYODGOMLY 3RWHP NR MH SRVNXãDO V VDPRPRURP VDPRSRãNRGEDPL LQ JURåQMDPL GD QDV ER XELO VH MH YPHãDOD SROLFLMD 9VDNLþ NR VPR JD SRVNXãDOL GLVFLSOLQLUDWL WDNR GD VPR JD SRVODOL Y QMHJRYR VRER MH SRNOLFDO WHOHIRQVNR OLQLMR ]D SRPRþ ]ORUDEOMHQLP RWURNRP 8VSHOR PX MH ]PDQLSXOLUDWL XþLWHOMH GUXåLQR LQ FHOR SROLFLMR 5LFKDUG MH ODKNR ]HOR QHSRVUHGHQ LQ OMXGL ]ODKND RVYRML V VYRMR GXKRYLWRVWMR SULMHWQLP YLGH]RP LQ VPLVORP ]D KXPRU 9VL VYHWRYDOFL VR ELOL SUHSULþDQL GD VYD ]D QMHJRYH WHåDYH NULYD PLGYD 7DNUDW VR RGNULOL QMHJRYR ]DYDMDQMH MH SUHQHKDO RELVNRYDWL WHUDSHYWD ,Q QREHGHQ PHG QMLPL VL QL Y]HO GRYROM þDVD GD EL SUHJOHGDO QMHJRYR NDUWRWHNR GHEHOD MH ELOD åH QHNDM FHQWLPHWURY 1D NRQFX MH PRUDO SRWHP NR MH JUR]LO XþLWHOMX Y ãROL RGLWL QD NUDWNRWUDMQR ]GUDYOMHQMH Y WHUDSHYWVNL FHQWHU 9HþNUDW VR QDP GHMDOL GD LPD PRWQMR SRPDQMNDQMD SR]RUQRVWL DOL SD GD WUSL ]D SRVOHGLFDPL SRVWWUDYPDWVNH VWUHVQH PRWQMH ]DUDGL QHNDNãQH QH]QDQH WUDYPH (GHQ RG SVLKLDWURY QDP MH GHMDO GD WUSL ]DUDGL GHSUHVLYQR SVLKRWLþQH PRWQMH 9HOLNR OMXGL SD MH PHQLOR GD MH ]JROM SRUHGHQ RWURN 3R ãWLULK KRVSLWDOL]DFLMDK VR QDP L] ]GUDYVWYHQH ]DYDURYDOQLFH VSRURþLOL GD QH ERGR YHþ SODþHYDOL ]GUDYOMHQMD 9 EROQLãQLFL VR QDP GHMDOL GD MH SUHYHþ ERODQ GD EL ODKNR ãHO GRPRY 3VLKLDWUL VR QDP VYHWRYDOL QDM JUHPR QD VRGLãþH LQ VH UD]JODVLPR ]D QH]PRåQH VWDUãHYVWYD 3RWHP VPR QHNDNR QDãOL GUåDYQR EROQLãQLFR NMHU VPR NRQþQR GRELOL QMHJRYR SUYR 020 GLDJQR]R 'DOL VR PX UD]OLþQD ]GUDYLOD LQ QDP SRYHGDOL GD QL YHOLNR XSDQMD GD EL VH PX VWDQMH NGDMNROL L]EROMãDOR 5LFN MH QHNDNR XVSHO NRQþDWL VUHGQMR ãROR LQ VH YSLVDO QD XQLYHU]R WDP SD MH ELOD SRSROQD NDWDVWURID 1MHJRYD ]UHORVW MH WUHQXWQR QD VWRSQML OHWQHJD RWURND þHSUDY MH QMHJRYD GHMDQVND VWDURVW OHW 6HGDM NR MH RGUDVHO VH MH VWDQMH PDOR L]EROMãDOR YHQGDU JD MH ãH YHGQR VWUDK SUHG ]DSXãþDQMHP QL VSRVREHQ
1H VWRSDMWH YHþ SR SUVWLK
REGUåDWL GROJRWUDMQLK SULMDWHOMVWHY LQ Y ]DGQMLK GYHK OHWLK MH GDO RGSRYHG Y ãWLULK VOXåEDK .HU MH ODKNR SUHWLUDQR ]DPHUOMLY DURJDQWHQ PDQLSXODWLYHQ LQ ]DYHURYDQ Y VYRM SUDY ]HOR WHåNR REGUåL SULMDWHOMVWYD =DWR MH ¿QDQþQR LQ þXVWYHQR SRYVHP RGYLVHQ RG QDV 0L VPR YVH NDU PX MH RVWDOR
.HQRYD ]JRGED äLYHWL V VWDUãHP ] 020 /MXEH]HQ PRMH PDPH MH ELOD SRJRMQD .DGDU QLVHP QDUHGLO NDU MH RG PHQH SULþDNRYDOD ± YVDNRGQHYQH REYH]QRVWL DOL NDU NROL GUXJHJD ± MH ]DþHOD EHVQHWL PH RGUH]DOD RG VHEH LQ PL JRYRULOD GD VHP JUR]HQ RWURN NL QLNROL QH ER LPHO SULMDWHOMHY 9HQGDU MH WDNUDW NDGDU MH SRWUHERYDOD OMXEH]HQ SRVWDOD OMXEHþD PH REMHPDOD LQ PL JRYRULOD NDNR ]HOR VYD VL EOL]X 1LNROL QLVHP PRJHO SUHGYLGHWL NDNãQR ER QMHQR UD]SRORåHQMH ýH MH LPHOD REþXWHN GD NRPX SRVYHþDP SUHYHþ þDVD LQ HQHUJLMH MH ELOD ]HOR XåDOMHQD /MXERVXPQD MH ELOD FHOR QD QDãHJD SVD 6QRRSLMD 9HV þDV VHP UD]PLãOMDO R WHP NDM VHP QDUHGLO QDUREH DOL SD NDM MH QDUREH ] PHQRM 2GORþLOD VH MH GD PH ER L]EROMãDOD LQ PL QHSUHVWDQR JRYRULOD NDNR VH PRUDP VSUHPHQLWL 0HQLOD MH GD MH QHNDM QDUREH ] PRMLPL ODVPL PRMLPL SULMDWHOML PRMLP REQDãDQMHP SUL PL]L LQ ] PRMLPL VWDOLãþL 'D EL XWHPHOMLOD VYRMH WUGLWYH MH SRJRVWR SUHWLUDYDOD LQ FHOR ODJDOD .R MH PRM RþH SURWHVWLUDO JD MH RGSUDYLOD ] ]DPDKRP URNH 9HGQR MH PRUDOD LPHWL SUDY 9VD WD OHWD VHP SRVNXãDO ]DGRYROMLWL QMHQD SULþDNRYDQMD 9HQGDU MLK MH YVDNLþ NR PL MH WR XVSHOR VSUHPHQLOD .OMXE OHWRP QHXVPLOMHQLK NULWLN VH WHPX QLNROL QLVHP PRJHO SULYDGLWL 'DQHV LPDP WHåDYH ] EOLåLQR 1LNRPXU QH PRUHP ]DXSDWL ± QLWL VYRML åHQL QH .DGDU PL MH ãH SRVHEHM EOL]X VH ]DþQHP SULSUDYOMDWL QD QHL]RJLEQR ]DYUQLWHY ]D NDWHUR VHP SUHSULþDQ GD ER VOHGLOD ýH QH QDUHGL QLþHVDU NDU EL ODKNR R]QDþLO NRW Ä]DYUQLWHY´ MR RGUHåHP VDP ± QD SULPHU WDNR GD VH QDQMR UD]MH]LP ]DUDGL NDNãQH QHXPQRVWL 5D]XPVNR YHP NDM VH GRJDMD 9HQGDU VH SRþXWLP QHPRþQHJD GD EL WR XVWDYLO
LQWHQ]LYQRVW PHMQHJD YHGHQMD /MXGMH ] 020 REþXWLMR LVWD þXVWYD LQ SRþQHMR SRGREQH VWYDUL NRW RVWDOL OMXGMH 5D]OLND MH Y WHP GD Ɣ MLK REþXWLMR EROM LQWHQ]LYQR Ɣ GHOXMHMR QD QDþLQ NL MH EROM HNVWUHPHQ Ɣ LPDMR WHåDYH ] REYODGRYDQMHP VYRMLK þXVWHY LQ VYRMHJD YHGHQMD 020 QH SRY]URþD ELVWYHQR GUXJDþQHJD YHGHQMD WHPYHþ MH ]JROM HNVWUHPQD REOLND RELþDMQHJD YHGHQMD
1H VWRSDMWH YHþ SR SUVWLK
,]UD] ³PHMQL´ ERUGHUOLQH VR UD]LVNRYDOFL ]DþHOL XSRUDEOMDWL Y SUYL SRORYLFL GYDMVHWHJD VWROHWMD NR VR PHQLOL GD VR OMXGMH NL VH YHGHMR QD QDþLQ NL JD GDQHV SRYH]XMHPR ] 020 QD PHML PHG QHYUR]R LQ SVLKR]R ýHSUDY VR WR WHRULMR OHWD ]DYUJOL MH LPH RVWDOR
NR RGNULMHWH GD JUH ]D 020 /MXGMH NL LPDMR EOLåQMH ] PHMQR RVHEQRVWQR PRWQMR VR SR QDYDGL ãRNLUDQL NR L]YHGR GD MH Y]URN ]D QMLKRYR QHSUHGYLGOMLYR EROHþH LQ ]PHGHQR YHGHQMH PRUGD 020 6SUDãXMHMR VH ]DNDM R 020 SUHM ãH QLNROL QLVR VOLãDOL ± ãH SRVHEHM þH VR åH LVNDOL SRPRþ Y ]GUDYVWYHQHP VLVWHPX
]DNDM QH VOLãLPR YHOLNR R 020" 1D åDORVW PHMQD RVHEQRVWQD PRWQMD QL YHGQR RGNULWD YþDVLK MH QH SUHSR]QDMR QLWL VWURNRYQMDNL ]D GXãHYQR ]GUDYMH =D WR MH YHþ PRåQLK UD]ODJ $PHULãNR SVLKLDWULþQR ]GUXåHQMH MH 020 Y VYRMHP 'LDJQRVWLþQHP LQ VWDWLVWLþQHP SULURþQLNX GXãHYQLK PRWHQM NL MH RVQRYD ]D GLDJQRVWLFLUDQMH LQ ]GUDYOMHQMH SVLKLþQLK EROH]QL XUDGQR SUL]QDOR ãHOH OHWD 0QRJL VWURNRYQMDNL ]D GXãHYQR ]GUDYMH VSUHJOHGDMR ]QDNH 020 SUL VYRMLK SDFLHQWLK SUHSURVWR ]DWR NHU R PRWQML QLVR GRYROM SRXþHQL 1HNDWHUL ]GUDYQLNL VH QH VWULQMDMR ] LQIRUPDFLMDPL QDYHGHQLPL Y 'LDJQRVWLþQHP LQ VWDWLVWLþQHP SULURþQLNX 1HNDM MLK VSORK QH YHUMDPH GD 020 REVWDMD 1HNDWHUL VWURNRYQMDNL GLDJQR]R 020 ]DYUDþDMR LQ PHQLMR GD MR PQRJL XSRUDEOMDMR SUL WHåDYQLK SDFLHQWLK NDGDU QH QDMGHMR GUXJH GLDJQR]H 7R VH Y ]DGQMLK OHWLK QH GRJDMD YHþ WDNR SRJRVWR VDM MH UD]LVNDY YVH YHþ LQ 020 MH WUHQXWQR QDMEROM UD]LVNDQD RVHEQRVWQD PRWQMD
1HNDWHUL ]GUDYQLNL PHQLMR GD GLDJQR]D 020 SDFLHQWH SUHYHþ VWLJPDWL]LUD LQ VH ERMLMR GD ERGR WL SDFLHQWL ]DWR SRVWDOL L]REþHQFL ]QRWUDM ]GUDYVWYHQHJD VLVWHPD 0QRJL ]GUDYQLNL XUDGQR GLDJQR]R ]DSLãHMR Y ]GUDYQLãNL NDUWRQ YHQGDU R QMHM QH åHOLMR JRYRULWL V SDFLHQWRP $OL SD MLP WR VDPR EHåQR RPHQLMR LQ MLP QLþHVDU QH UD]ORåLMR
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NDM VHGDM" NDM VWRULWL ] YDMLQLP RGQRVRP"
6NUEHWL ]D QHNRJD NL LPD 020 MH RELþDMQR ]HOR EROHþH 2VWDWL Y WDNãQHP RGQRVX VH ]GL QHY]GUåQR 7RGD WXGL SUHNLQLWL RGQRV VH ]GL QH]DPLVOMLYR LQ QHPRJRþH ýH WXGL YL WDNR þXWLWH YHGLWH GD QLVWH VDPL 6NRUDM YVL QH 02 V NDWHULPL VPR VH SRJRYDUMDOL VR SULSRYHGRYDOL R SRGREQLK L]NXãQMDK ,PDWH ãH GUXJH PRåQRVWL þHSUDY MLK PRUGD WUHQXWQR QH YLGLWH 9 WHP SRJODYMX YDP ERPR SRPDJDOL UD]PLVOLWL R YDãLK PRåQRVWLK WDNR GD ERVWH ODåMH VSUHMHOL WDNãQR RVHEQR RGORþLWHY NL ER SUDYãQMD ]D YDV
SUHGYLGOMLYD REGREMD /MXGMH NL LPDMR UDGL QHNRJD ] 020 JUHGR þH] SRGREQH VL ID]H 3R QDYDGL MH WDNR GD GOMH NRW WUDMD RGQRV GOMH WUDMD WXGL SRVDPH]QR REGREMH ýHSUDY ID]H QDYDMDPR SR RELþDMQHP YUVWQHP UHGX NDNRU VLFHU SRWHNDMR YHGLWH GD VH YHþLQD OMXGL SRWHP NR VH åH SUHPDNQH Y QDVOHGQMR ID]R YUQH QD]DM Y SUHMãQMR
1H VWRSDMWH YHþ SR SUVWLK
REGREMH ]PHGHQRVWL 7R REGREMH MH ]QDþLOQR ]D þDV SUHGHQ MH GLDJQRVWLFLUDQD PHMQD RVHEQRVWQD PRWQMD 1H 02 SRVNXãDMR UD]XPHWL ]DNDM VH PHMQD RVHED REþDVQR REQDãD QD QDþLQH NL VH MLP ]GLMR QHGRXPOMLYL ,ãþHMR UHãLWYH NL VH MLP YHV þDV L]PLNDMR NULYLMR VHEH DOL SD VH SUHSURVWR VSULMD]QLMR V 6R WHP GD MH QMLKRYR åLYOMHQMH NDRWLþQR ãH GUXJH 2ELþDMQR SRWUHEXMHMR ãH WHGQH DOL PHVHFH SRWHP PRåQRVWL NR L]YHMR ]D 020 GD WXGL UD]XPVNR GRMDPHMR QD þHUDYQR MLK NDN QDþLQ MH RVHED ] 020 RVHEQR SUL]DGHWD ]DUDGL WH WUHQXWQR ãH QH NRPSOHNVQH PRWQMH 'D WR LQIRUPDFLMR VSUHMPHMR WXGL YLGLWH QD þXVWYHQHP QLYRMX WUDMD ãH GOMH
REGREMH XVPHUMHQRVWL QDY]YHQ 9 WHP REGREMX QH 02 Ɣ SUHXVPHULMR SR]RUQRVW QD RVHER ] 020 Ɣ SULJRYDUMDMR 02 QDM VL SRLãþH VWURNRYQR SRPRþ LQ MR JD SRVNXãDMR VSUHPHQLWL Ɣ SRVNXãDMR YVH GD QH EL VSURåLOL SUREOHPDWLþQHJD YHGHQMD Ɣ GD EL UD]XPHOL LQ VRþXVWYRYDOL V VYRMLP EOLåQMLP SRVNXãDMR RGNULWL YVH R 020 3UHGHQ QH 02 VDP SUL VHEL SUHSR]QD WXGL REþXWNH MH]H LQ REåDORYDQMD ODKNR WUDMD ]HOR GROJR ± ãH SRVHEHM þH MH 02 VWDUã DOL RWURN ýHSUDY QH 02 UD]XPVNR GRMDPH GD QMHQ QMHJRY EOLåQML QL NULY ]D WR GD LPD 020 YVHHQR SRJRVWR UHDJLUD ] MH]R .HU SD VH ML PX ]GL GD MH]D QL QDEROM SULPHUHQ RG]LY QD VLWXDFLMR NL MH 02 VDPD QH PRUH QDG]LUDWL MH]R SRJRVWR SRWODþL LQ QDPHVWR QMH GRåLYOMD GHSUHVLMR QHPRþ LQ NULYGR *ODYQH QDORJH QH 02 Y ID]L XVPHUMHQRVWL QDY]YHQ VR Ɣ SUHSR]QDYDQMH LQ VRRþDQMH V VYRMLPL UHVQLþQLPL þXVWYL Ɣ SXVWLWL 02 GD SUHY]DPH RGJRYRUQRVW ]D VYRMD GHMDQMD
.DM VHGDM" NDM VWRULWL ] YDMLQLP RGQRVRP"
Ɣ RSXVWLWL IDQWD]LMH GD VH ER 02 REQDãDOD REQDãDO WDNR NR EL VL åHOHOD åHOHO QH 02
REGREMH XVPHUMHQRVWL QDY]QRWHU 6OHMNRSUHM VH QH 02 ]D]UH YDVH LQ QDUHGL RGNULW REUDþXQ V VDPLP VHERM =D RGQRV VWD SRWUHEQD GYD LQ QD WHM VWRSQML MH QDORJD QH 02 GD SUHSR]QD ODVWQR YORJR SUL VSUHMHPDQMX RGORþLWHY NL VR SRY]URþLOH GD MH VLWXDFLMD WDNãQD NRW MH &LOM QL VDPRREWRåHYDQMH WHPYHþ YSRJOHG YDVH LQ VDPRRGNULYDQMH
6OHGLWH VYRMLP ODVWQLP YUHGQRWDP QH YUHGQRWDP GUXJLK
REGREMH VSUHMHPDQMD RGORþLWHY 2ERURåHQ ] ]QDQMHP LQ YSRJOHGRP VH ]DþQH QH 02 ERULWL ] RGORþLWYLMR NDM QDM VHGDM VWRUL ] RGQRVRP 7D ID]D SRJRVWR WUDMD PHVHFH DOL FHOR OHWD 1D WHM VWRSQML PRUD QH 02 MDVQR GRXPHWL VYRMH YUHGQRWH SUHSULþDQMD SULþDNRYDQMD LQ GRPQHYH 1HN PRãNL V ¿]LþQR QDVLOQR åHQR ] PHMQR RVHEQRVWQR VWUXNXWUR MH L]KDMDO L] NRQ]HUYDWLYQH GUXåLQH NL MH VWURJR QDVSURWRYDOD ORþLWYL 1MHJRYL SULMDWHOML VR PX VYHWRYDOL QDM VH RG åHQH ORþL YHQGDU VDP WHJD QL ]PRJHO VDM JD MH VNUEHOR NDNR VH ER QD ORþLWHY RG]YDOD QMHJRYD GUXåLQD 0RUGD ERVWH RGNULOL GD VR YDP YDãD SUHSULþDQMD LQ YUHGQRWH GR VHGDM GREUR VOXåLOD 0RUGD SD ERVWH RGNULOL GD VWH MLK SRGHGRYDOL RG VYRMH GUXåLQH QH GD EL UD]PLVOLOL R WHP DOL Y UHVQLFL RGUDåDMR WR NDU VWH 9 REHK SULPHULK MH SRPHPEQR GD VH RGORþDWH QD SRGODJL VYRMLK YUHGQRW QH QD SRGODJL YUHGQRW GUXJLK
REGREMH UHãLWYH 9 NRQþQL ID]L QH 02 L]SHOMH VYRMH RGORþLWYH LQ VH QDXþL ] QMLPL åLYHWL 1HNDWHUL QH 02 VL JOHGH QD YUVWR RGQRVD YþDVLK WXGL YHþNUDW SUHPLVOLMR LQ SRVNXVLMR ãH ] GUXJDþQLPL PRåQRVWPL
L]]D þUQHJD LQ EHOHJD =HOR ODKNR MH SUHY]HWL þUQR EHOR UD]PLãOMDQMH NL MH ]QDþLOQR ]D 02 LQ YHUMHWL GD LPDWH VDPR GYH L]ELUL ± RVWDWL DOL RGLWL 9HQGDU REVWDMD ãH PQRJR GUXJLK PRåQRVWL QD SULPHU GD Ɣ YVDNLþ NR 02 SUHNUãL YDãH PHMH ]DþDVQR RGLGHWH
1H VWRSDMWH YHþ SR SUVWLK
Ɣ ]DþDVQR SUHNLQLWH RGQRV ]D QHNDM GQL WHGQRY DOL PHVHFHY
Ɣ VH QDXþLWH GD GHMDQM 02 QH MHPOMHWH RVHEQR Ɣ RVWDQHWH Y RGQRVX QH GD EL åLYHOL VNXSDM Ɣ VSUHPHQLWH RGQRV WDNR GD VWH EROM QD GLVWDQFL Ɣ ] 02 SUHåLYLWH PDQM þDVD Ɣ RKUDQLWH VYRMH UDYQRWHåMH WDNR GD VH ]DþQHWH VSHW XNYDUMDWL V VYRMLPL LQWHUHVL SULMDWHOML LQ DNWLYQRVWPL NL VR YDP SRPHPEQH Ɣ SRYHVWH 02 GD ERVWH Y RGQRVX RVWDOL VDPR Y SULPHUX þH ER SULSUDYOMHQD SULSUDYOMHQ ]DþHWL KRGLWL N WHUDSHYWX DOL GD ER VSUHPHQLOD VSUHPHQLO SRYVHP NRQNUHWQH VWYDUL WR SRPHQL GD ERVWH PRUDOL Y]WUDMDWL SUL WHP GD 02 L]SROQL VYRMH REOMXEH LQ WR SRPHQL WXGL GD ERVWH Y SULPHUX GD MLK QH ER L]SROQLO L]SROQLOD RGãOL Ɣ SUHVWDYLWH RGORþLWHY QD þDV NR VH ERVWH SRþXWLOL GRYROM PRþQH GD MR ERVWH ODKNR VSUHMHOL Ɣ SUHVWDYLWH RGORþLWHY QD WDNUDW NR ERVWH ]DþHOL KRGLWL N WHUDSHYWX LQ VNXSDM ] QMLP GHODOL QD YDãLK WHåDYDK
YSUDãDQMD NL VL MLK PRUDWH ]DVWDYLWL 3UHGVWDYOMDPR YDP YSUDãDQMD NL EL VL MLK PRUDOL ]DVWDYLWL Y ]YH]L ] YDãLP WUHQXWQLP RGQRVRP ] YDãLP SDUWQHUMHP ] PHMQR RVHEQRVWQR VWUXNXWUR 9HþLQD YSUDãDQM VH QDQDãD QD SRPHPEQH SRWUHEH NL EL PRUDOH ELWL ]DGRYROMHQH Y YVDNHP RGQRVX 2GJRYRUL YDP PRUGD SRPDJDMR QDMWL VPHU Y NDWHUR ERVWH QDGDOMHYDOL Y YDMLQHP RGQRVX 1D VSORãQR YHOMD GD YHþ NR MH Y RGQRVX QHL]SROQMHQLK SRWUHE LQ åHOMD LQ EROM NR VWD Y RGQRVX SR]RUQRVW LQ HQHUJLMD ÄQHHQDNRSUDYQR´ SRUD]GHOMHQL YHþMD MH YHUMHWQRVW GD JUH ]D QH]GUDY RGQRV Ɣ .DM VL RG RGQRVD åHOLP" .DM Y RGQRVX SRWUHEXMHP" Ɣ $OL ODKNR RGNULWR JRYRULP R VYRMLK þXVWYLK"
.DM VHGDM" NDM VWRULWL ] YDMLQLP RGQRVRP"
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