Simon W. James - Part II Architectural Assistant Portfolio

SWJ SIMON W. JAMES BSc (hons) MArch Part II Architectural Assistant

PORTFOLIO 2007-2012

/00

CONTENT

WELSH SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE MArch (RIBA Part II) 2010-2012 /01 MArch Design Thesis:‘Of Clouds & Clocks’ /5 /02 RSAW ‘Remnants’ Competition: ‘Algae Biofuel Station’ /20

SAM ARCHITEKTEN UND PARTNER (RIBA Part I Practice Experience) 2010-2011 /03 ‘Wohnüberbauung Dübendorf’ /21 /04 ‘Weinwelt Wilchingen’ /25 /05 ‘HFGS, Aarau’ /27 /06 ‘Vorderer Sternen’ /29 /07 ‘Staatsanwaltschaft, Ulm’ /31 /08 ‘Quartier Richti’ /32 /09 ‘Langstrasse Verlängern’* /37

WELSH SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE BSc (RIBA Part I) 2007-2010 /10 BSc Final Year Project 2:‘Hönggerberg Pleasure Gardens’ /39 /11 BSc Final Year Project 1:‘Evolutionary Master Planning’ /44

* completed as part of MArch degree (year 1) at the Welsh School of Architecture PLEASE NOTE: all drawings are not to scale unless stated otherwise

WWW.SIMONWYNJAMES.COM INFO@SIMONWYNJAMES.COM +44 (0) 7890 362 078

/01

/ INITIAL RESEARCH & STRATEGY

‘OF CLOUDS & CLOCKS’

DEGREE / MArch Design Thesis (RIBA Part II) TUTOR / Richard Weston CLIENT / Welsh Assembly Government & Communities 2.0 PROGRAMME / Digital Government, Learning & Research Centre SITE / -ERTHYR 4YDlL SCALE / 4,000m²

The South Wales Valleys poignantly demonstrate the cumulative effects of careless political power on a resourcerich land, through the remnants of its coal industry, fragmentation of social structure, and mass unemployment.

Transformation into a post-industrial landscape has left pockets of settlements, each with their own identity, yet disconnected, unsupported and with few common objectives for their future. Political strategies have attempted to fragment the county boundaries in order to delegate efforts to each, yet this has in fact counteracted their objective.

As a response, the group research established three macro strategies: HEADS OF VALLEY COUNTY UH GHÂżQH DQG FRQVROLGDWH WKH FRPSOH[ FRXQW\ boundary relationships through three cantons and seven communes, whilst maintaining the identities which are intrinsic to each settlement.

NODAL TOWNS -recognising the constructive hierarchy of towns across WKH GHÂżQHG UHJLRQ HQFRXUDJLQJ QDWXUDO ORFDO PLJUDWLRQ and support for both growth and decline.

PHYSICAL & VIRTUAL CONNECTIVITY -improved transportation and digital infrastructure to enforce town hierarchies and the potential for future wide-region support.

Further individual research focuses on virtual connectivity as a means of de-fragmenting and supporting the wider region through a digital network that would not negate the physical identity intrinsic to each settlement.

/ heads of valleys collective digital network

WWW.SIMONWYNJAMES.COM

‘OF CLOUDS & CLOCKS’ /5

Today’s ‘Information Age’ has become, to the majority of us, commonplace; it is an age of ubiquitous information and thriving virtual communities. These often ephemeral virtual worlds of blogs, social networking and open-source material are places of rapid development with collective goals, places that demonstrates a symbiosis between the individual and the many where everyone can have their say and are comfortable in doing so. However inspiring and successful these virtual worlds may be, the ontological consequences of such experiences if they remain in the virtual ‘bitsphere’ is of concern; WKH\ KDYH \HW WR ÂżQG appropriate manifestation into material reality other than through the common computer screen.

I believe that architecture can

play a crucial role in advocating a more appropriate mediation into material reality through dismissing the dystopian prospect of a total ‘bitspherian’ experience of life.

The region is currently one of the most digitally deprived areas of the UK. However, the Welsh Assembly Government have recently focused efforts and funding for its ‘Delivering a Digital Wales’ agenda which would contribute to the essential digital infrastructure required

for the strategy. Further potential arises from their subprogramme ‘Communities 2.0’ (a joint partnership DOUHDG\ EHQHÂżWLQJ IURP DQ (5') IXQGHG Â… P budget) as a means of harnessing virtual technology to aid business enterprises and individuals, encouraging employment opportunities throughout Wales. The potential of collective ‘cloud computing’ offers both a conceptual analogy of the historical industry intrinsic to the area, and a means of reversing its structural hierarchy into a more democratised, bottom-up model that would shed positive light on the Valleys much as coal and iron did in their thriving industrial age. Thus the ‘Community 2.0’ programme presents a clear call and potential client for developing the thesis.

/ SITE As one of the key nodal towns outlined in the initial UHVHDUFK 0HUWK\U 7\G¿OœV WRZQ FHQWUH ZDV FKRVHQ DV the location on account of its geographical, historical DQG SROLWLFDO VLJQL¿FDQFH 7KH WLJKWO\ FRQVWUDLQHG EURZQ ¿HOG VLWH UHVWV DW WKH LQWHUVHFWLRQ EHWZHHQ WKH FXUUHQW FRXQFLO RI¿FHV DQG WKH IRUPHU FRQJUHJDWLRQDO now derelict town hall, providing a challenging yet opportune location for the thesis’s architectural exploration.

/ ‘THE FORUM’ PROGRAMME RESOLUTION The collective mind-set envisaged in the programme would consolidate the complex administrative boundaries that now constitute the Valleys. However, these somewhat haphazard virtual worlds evidently need some governance. The physical manifestation of architecture offers a paradigm for control, as demonstrated through Berlin’s Reichstag, yet - through the mediation of digital technologies - can remain democratised. Initial research speculated on harnessing Augmented Reality (AR) technology as a means of VXSSRUWLQJ WKLV GHPRFUDWLVHG DQG Ă€H[LEOH IXWXUH IRU WKH proposed Heads of Valleys County, as well as exploring

a material intersection between physical and digital realities. This might have manifested as projections onto existing structures across the region. which would display the efforts of collective goals over the network. However, it negated the potential of material architecture and presented a contradiction to the initial argument, hence limiting the exploratory scope for the thesis. Rather than a continued expansion of the ‘bitsphere’, Community 2.0 and the Welsh Assembly Government are in need of a more focused hub - an archetypal testing ground from which to evolve.

Thus, as a vehicle to steer the thesis, a ‘Community 2.0 Forum’ (digital government, learning and research FHQWUH FRXOG ÂżQG PRUH DSSURSULDWH DUFKLWHFWXUDO expression.

ÂżQDO SUHVHQWDWLRQ

WWW.SIMONWYNJAMES.COM

‘OF CLOUDS & CLOCKS’ /6

DIGITAL

100.0 nerve centre

24 24

15.0 24

45.015.0 A.R. projectors

192

24

15.0

24

‘virtual’ classrooms

180.0 digital library

24

24 24

A.R. event

225.0 viewing gallery

250.0

PAST / NON-PRESCRIBED

research lab

100.0

300.0

700.

700.0 foyer

NON-PRESCRIBED / FUTURE

18

100.0

400.

400.0

180.0

100.0

exhibition / gallery space

18

forum

18

cafe / bar

144.0 18

18

meeting rooms

18

300.0 auditorium / lecture space

17

17

18 18

17 17

157

17

W.C.

80.0

17

reception / info / admin

17 17

17

40.0 security

PHYSICAL / schedule of accommodation and adjacencies diagram

WWW.SIMONWYNJAMES.COM

/ programme volumes isometrics (magenta: private, black: public)

‘OF CLOUDS & CLOCKS’ /7

As part of the extended Welsh Assembly Government, the primary intention is for the centre to govern and utilize the vast digital network that the Heads of Valley County could accommodate. Ultimately, this would provide agency for the evolution of Communities 2.0.

However it should be stressed that to govern is meant here in the broadest sense of the word and emphasis is placed on advocating a digital democracy .

This political transparency therefore translates into the architectural language and programme.

/ GOVERN To avoid a purely centralised and bureaucratic institution, the forum is heavily dependent on two-way feedback loops between its assembly members and the surrounding community. It is also the space in which the relationship between physical and virtual realities is most harmonious. The initial research into Augmented Reality is therefore reintroduced as a means of mediating this relationship through ‘virtual debates’.

/ LEARN This public interaction is evidently key to supporting such a democratic model, however it is heavily dependent on the experiences within the virtual ‘bitsphere’.

Interactive exhibition spaces therefore serve to attract,

inspire and demonstrate the possibilities of emergent technologies in the physical realm. Additionally, ‘virtual classrooms’ and an auditorium ensure inclusive learning and development for the region does not remain in the dystopian ‘bitsphere’.

/ ARCHITECTURAL (MICRO) STRATEGIES A series of architectural strategies and analogies are placed in order to explore the representation of the thesis question and organisation of programme - a glossary of which is provided below:

/ RESEARCH In spirit of the ephemeral ‘bitsphere’s’ rapid development of open-source material, and symbiosis between the individual and collective, research spaces focus on ensuring an evolution of the prototypal Community 2.0 Forum. Ultimately, this would redeem a prosperous reputation for the South Wales Valleys.

NETWORK LAY LINES –representing the wider network of nodal towns, they provide the horizontal separation of programme and circulation routes; ensuring a perpetual connection to the peripheral reality.

VERTICAL PROGRESSION –from the collective to the individual. The intersection

of the lay lines becomes a central crux and thus location IRU WKH IRUXP WR ¿ OWHU WKH UDLQ RI GLJLWDO LQIRUPDWLRQ through the architecture’s programme.

PUBLIC / PRIVATE DOMAINS –private requirements are negotiated through the RFFXSDWLRQ RI VSHFL¿ F YHUWLFDO GRPDLQV VKLIWHG WKURXJK half private domain levels in either vertical direction.)

This places further emphasis on a democratic model through moments of interaction between both.

ENVIRONMENTAL ‘DIGITAL’ SHELL -as both a material juxtaposition to the above and environmental control, the translucent ‘digital’ shell encapsulates the physical volumes and expresses a dialogue between both.

MATERIAL EXPRESSION OF USE -concrete = permanence / physical -’lightstone’ = intersection / network activity VWHHO JODVV 2/(' $5 À H[LEOH GLJLWDO -timber = inhabitation

GRIDDED VOLUMETRIC ORGANISATION –focuses on the spatial experience of the physical UHDOP DQG DUWLFXODWHV DV D VHULHV RI LGHQWL¿ DEOH QRGHV suspended within the digital realm.

/ conceptual diagrams & dialectics

PAST

material reality

AUGMENTED REALITY [proving ground]

PRESENT

virtual reality

FUTURE

A_ground floor foyer view

B_Community 2.0 R&D level 2 view

C_forum level view

D_interaction & exhibition space 3 view

E_viewing galley level 3 & classroom level 1 view

F_viewing galley level 1 view

NETWORK LAY LINES

VERTICAL PROGRESSION

PUBLIC / PRIVATE DOMAINS

GRIDED VOLUMETRIC ORGANISATION

ENVIRONMENTAL ‘DIGITAL’ SHELL

MATERIAL EXPRESSION OF USE

–representing the wider network of nodal towns, they provide the horizontal separation of programme and circulation routes; ensuring a perpetual connection to the peripheral reality.

–from the collective to the individual. The intersection of the lay lines becomes a central crux and thus location for the forum to filter the rain of digital information through the architecture’s programme.

–private requirements are negotiated through the occupation of specific vertical domains (shifted through half private domain levels in either vertical direction.) This places further emphasis on a democratic model through moments of interaction between both.

–focuses on the spatial experience of the physical realm, and articulates as a series of identifiable nodes suspended within the digital realm.

-as both a material juxtaposition to the above and environmental control, the translucent ‘digital’ shell encapsulates the physical volumes and expresses a dialogue between both.

-concrete = permanence / physical -’lightstone’ = intersection / network activity -steel, glass, OLED, AR = flexible / digital -timber = inhabitation

WWW.SIMONWYNJAMES.COM

‘OF CLOUDS & CLOCKS’ /8

/ debate forum perspective

/ entrance foyer perspective

WWW.SIMONWYNJAMES.COM

/ interaction space perspective

/ classroom & exterior shell perspective

/ public viewing gallery perspective

/ ‘Communities 2.0 R+D space perspective

‘OF CLOUDS & CLOCKS’ /9

/ sketchbook development work extracts

WWW.SIMONWYNJAMES.COM

‘OF CLOUDS & CLOCKS’ /10

/ long section

WWW.SIMONWYNJAMES.COM

‘OF CLOUDS & CLOCKS’ /11

JURXQG ÀRRU FRQWH[WXDO SODQ

WWW.SIMONWYNJAMES.COM

‘OF CLOUDS & CLOCKS’ /12

ÀRRU SODQ SURJUHVVLRQ OHIW 8* ULJKW OHYHO

/ exemplar plan (level 4)

WWW.SIMONWYNJAMES.COM

‘OF CLOUDS & CLOCKS’ /13

¿QDO PRGHO

WWW.SIMONWYNJAMES.COM

‘OF CLOUDS & CLOCKS’ /14

/ 1:500 contextual laser-cut model

¿ QDO PRGHO

/ 1:200 process model

WWW.SIMONWYNJAMES.COM

/ 1:200 process model

/ 1:200 process model

‘OF CLOUDS & CLOCKS’ /15

JURXQG ÀRRU H[WHULRU SHUVSHFWLYH

WWW.SIMONWYNJAMES.COM

‘OF CLOUDS & CLOCKS’ /16

/ contextual elevation

WWW.SIMONWYNJAMES.COM

‘OF CLOUDS & CLOCKS’ /17

/ split technical section (1:25 at full scale)

WWW.SIMONWYNJAMES.COM

/ exploded structural isometrics

/ forum structure isometrics

‘OF CLOUDS & CLOCKS’ /18

[EXT-INT] _80mm hardcore base _20mm sand binding _450mm Ă˜ contiguous reinforced concrete piling (at key vertical load intersections) _280mm insitu, dense cast, reinforced concrete slab _DPM B PP .,1*63$1 Âľ7KHUPDĂ€ RRUÂś 7) ERDUG LQVXODWLRQ 3,5 ZLWK ]HUR 2'3 ORZ *:3

(_20mm acoustic insulation at basement level intersections only) BÂż UH SURWHFWLRQ DW EDVHPHQW OHYHO LQWHUVHFWLRQV RQO\

B PP VFUHHG ZLWK HPEHGGHG XQGHU À RRU KHDWLQJ V\VWHP B PP SROLVKHG VFUHHG ¿ QLVK ZLWK HPEHGGHG VWHHO JXWWHULQJ DW OD\OLQHV DQG SHULPHWHU IRU OLJKWLQJ : Pð.

[EXT-INT] B PP '8%217 ¾OLJKWVWRQHœ Š FRQFUHWH SDQHO B PP DLU JDS OLJKWVWRQH ¿ EHURSWLFV _breather membrane _condensation protection B PP .,1*63$1 ¾.RROWKHUP . œ UDLQVFUHHQ ERDUG LQVXODWLRQ PRGL¿ HG UHVLQ ZLWK ]HUR 2'3 ORZ *:3

B PP LQ VLWX GHQVH FDVW UHLQIRUFHG FRQFUHWH Âż [HG WKURXJK VWHHO URG DQG PP LQVXODWLRQ B PP .,1*63$1 Âľ.RROWKHUP . Âś UDLQVFUHHQ ERDUG LQVXODWLRQ PRGLÂż HG UHVLQ ZLWK ]HUR 2'3 ORZ *:3

B PP LQWHUQDO OLJKWZHLJKW SODVWHU VXUIDFLQJ DW VSHFL¿ F SURJUDPPH ORFDWLRQ RWKHUZLVH FRQFUHWH H[SRVHG _20mm opaque walkway glass _insulating rubber gasket within steel frame BVWHHO 8 ',1 VHFWLRQV ZLWK SDFNLQJ LQVXODWLRQ DW LQWHULRU À RRU SODWH LQWHUVHFWLRQ _internal glazed sliding door system behind steel section : Pð.

/ 1:10 ground slab & drainage detail

WWW.SIMONWYNJAMES.COM

/ 1:10 rainscreen walls & skylight detail

‘OF CLOUDS & CLOCKS’ /19

/02

The history of this site in central Cardiff speaks explicitly of energy production, storage and distribution. If coal is the life blood of Wales then the trains are surely the veins and arteries. There are traces of the old dependence on fossil fuels written into the fabric of the site. Where once was the cities gasometer a concert hall now sits, the headquarters of energy companies reside next to the all-important train lines elevated for pragmatic reasons but with metaphorical connotations.

‘ALGAE BIOFUEL STATION’

COMPETITION / RSAW ‘Remnants’ 2011 COLLABORATOR / Jason Ramlugon PROGRAMME / Algae Biofuel Station [Competition] SITE / Bute Street, Cardiff

urban fragments. The incredibly high yield generated IRUP DQ DOJDH FURS PRUH WKDQ QH[W EHVW ELRIXHO

makes it ideal for implementation on such a small site.

Requiring only a saline solution, sunlight and CO2 it can easily be appropriated to thrive in and urban context. This process encapsulates the very nature of sustainable production which can instantly impact the city and act as a model for future developments.

The scheme is designed to be HQWLUHO\ VHOI VXI¿FLHQW ZLWK minimal input resulting in maximum output.

The proposed intervention readdresses the issue of energy in a social and political climate that is begging for ‘greener’ solutions to energy. The implementation of the algae farm sees the process carried out in its entirety on site. Cultivation, harvesting, production and distribution all occur on the footprint of the two

The nature of the process sees all water reintroduced into the growing cycle and all waste biomass being used as either an energy source or sold on for a number of other applications.

The site itself has potential for expansion should the scheme integrate well into the cities fabric. Space has been left for additional growing space, storage and distribution. There could also be potential for adding LQ DQ HGXFDWLRQDO IDFLOLW\ DOORZLQJ SHRSOH WR OHDUQ ¿UVW hand about the production of sustainable solutions in modern life.

2011 2011

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

2015 2015

6.

7.

2020 2020

=

Supporting Stucture / Nutrient Distribution

Growing Pod

Culltivation Cycle

Algae Collection Vault

Oil/Biomass Separation Vault

Bute Street Underpass

Railway Tracks

Biofuel Distribution Pipes

Station Shop

Biofuel Pump

Biofuel Silo

CO2

Viewing Platform/Maintenance Stair

8.

+

1.1. Biofuel Silo 2.2. Fuel Station 3.3. Production Vaults 4.4. Factory/Office 5.5. Cultivation Cycle ONE 6.6. Education Centre 7.7. Cultivation Cycle TWO 8.8. Cultivation Cycle THREE

1:1250

/ proposal exterior perspective with corresponding process diagram & evolutionary plans

WWW.SIMONWYNJAMES.COM

‘ALGAE BIOFUEL STATION’ /20

/03

‘WOHNÜBERBAUUNG DÜBENDORF’

OFFICE / SAM Architekten und Partner ROLE / Lead Competition Designer & Visualisation [A-F] CLIENT / Evangelisch Kirche Dübendorf PROGRAMME / Residential [Competition] SITE / Dübendorf, Switzerland SCALE / 5,400m²

¿QDO H[WHULRU SHUVSHFWLYH

WWW.SIMONWYNJAMES.COM

‘WOHNÜBERBAUUNG DÜBENDORF’ /21

Casinostrasse

437.9

435.4

Besucherparkplatz 1

Einfahrt

440.2

Besucherparkplatz 2

Besucherparkplatz 3

Besucherparkplatz 4

Tiefgarag

e

437.5 440.5 434.5

Privatgarten

Privatgarten Pfarrwohnung

Privatgarten 3.5 Z.Whg

437.5

443.5

440.5

5.5 Z.Whg

440.5

437.5 Kinderwagen

3.5 Z.Whg

A

443.5 Eingang Meeting Pfarrer

Kinderwagen

Kinderwagen

4.5 Z.Whg 3.5 Z.Whg

2.5 Z.Whg

4.5 Z.Whg

Bettlistrass

e

A

Meeting Pfarrer

Gemeinschaftsraum

440.5

Kinderkrippe

437.5 Privatgarten Aussenbereich Gemeinschatsraum

434.5 Aussenbereich Kinderkrippe

443.8

Spielplatz 442 Sandspiel Privatgarten 439 437.0 436.0

Zugangsgeschosse, Gebäude A/B/C, 1:200

3.5 Z.Whg 440.5/ 443.5

443.5/ 446.5

4.5 Z.Whg

3.5 Z.Whg

446.5/ 449.5

2.5 Z.Whg

2.5 Z.Whg 4.5 Z.Whg

2.5 Z.Whg 4.5 Z.Whg

3.5 Z.Whg

2.5 Z.Whg

1. Obergeschoss, Gebäude A, 1:200

1. Obergeschoss, Gebäude B, 1:200

1. Obergeschoss, Gebäude C, 1:200

JURXQG ¿UVW ÀRRU SODQV

WWW.SIMONWYNJAMES.COM

‘WOHNÜBERBAUUNG DÜBENDORF’ /22

3.5 Z.Whg 440.5/ 443.5

443.5/ 446.5

4.5 Z.Whg

446.5/ 449.5

3.5 Z.Whg

2.5 Z.Whg

2.5 Z.Whg

2.5 Z.Whg

4.5 Z.Whg

3.5 Z.Whg

4.5 Z.Whg

2.5 Z.Whg

2. Obergeschoss, Gebäude A, 1:200

2. Obergeschoss, Gebäude B, 1:200

2. Obergeschoss, Gebäude C, 1:200

4.5 Z.Whg 446.5

4.5 Z.Whg

4.5 Z.Whg

449.5

452.5

3.5 Z.Whg 5.5 Z.Whg

Oberlicht

Oberlicht

Oberlicht

Dachgeschoss, Gebäude A, 1:200

Dachgeschoss, Gebäude B, 1:200

Dachgeschoss, Gebäude C, 1:200

+455.76

+452.76

+449.76

Dachflächen optional mit Sonnenkollektoren

Dachflächen optional mit Sonnenkollektoren

Dachflächen optional mit Sonnenkollektoren

+452.50

+449.50

+449.50

+446.50

+446.50

+446.50

+443.50

+443.50

+443.50

+440.50

+440.50

+440.50

+437.50

+437.50

+434.50

Längsschnitt A-A 1:200

VHFRQG DQG SHQWKRXVH ÀRRU SODQV ORQJ VHFWLRQ

WWW.SIMONWYNJAMES.COM

‘WOHNĂœBERBAUUNG DĂœBENDORF’ /23

/ process models

WWW.SIMONWYNJAMES.COM

¿QDO SURSRVDO PRGHO

‘WOHNÜBERBAUUNG DÜBENDORF’ /24

/04

‘WEINWELT WILCHINGEN’

OFFICE / SAM Architekten und Partner ROLE / Development of Final Design, Modelling & Visualisation [A-E] CLIENT / Hedinger Sunneberg-Kellerei & Rötiberg-Kellerei, Wilchingen PROGRAMME / Winery [Competition - 1st Prize / New Build] SITE / Wilchingen, Switzerland SCALE / 380m²

¿QDO H[WHULRU SHUVSHFWLYH

WWW.SIMONWYNJAMES.COM

‘WEINWELT WILCHINGEN’ /25

/ competition boards & perspective section in design development

WWW.SIMONWYNJAMES.COM

‘WEINWELT WILCHINGEN’ /26

/05

‘HFGS, AARAU’

OFFICE / SAM Architekten und Partner ROLE / Development of Facade Design, Modelling & Visualisation [B-E] CLIENT / Bauherr, Canton of Aargau PROGRAMME / Renewal of Higher School for Health & Social Services [Competition] SITE / Aarau, Switzerland SCALE / 8,000m²

¿QDO H[WHULRU SHUVSHFWLYH

WWW.SIMONWYNJAMES.COM

‘HFGS, AARAU’ /27

/ , 0 , / $ . 3 , 4 -

# $ # " & ' !

(C4@A27=8BB

#

<?50=6

0@064=

02:>55824

*00;

*00;

*00;

CA274

0@34@>14

*00;

-4;> '' +@05>

0;:>=

"K274

#>6680

0;:>=

.>7=C=6 /8

"K274

0=24 02B>@G > I

0=24 02B>@G > I

#C5B@0C<

4A?@427C=6

0@34@>14

0@34@>14

CA274

8=4 #>C=64

K@>

#>6680

"

"

.>7=C=6 /8

!

.

'CBH

K@>

8=4 #>C=64

#C5B@0C<

!

.

!

!

-4;> ''

)" # '( $

! !

!

CA274

0C?B48=60=6 %4C4 %CBHC=6

. !-

-4;>@0C<

! !

!

!

!

@>

=6

>7

=C /

=6

6

.

C=

27

@4

A?

4

.

.

.

=C >7

. /8

K

! .

8

K @>

#C5B@0C<

48A?84; K@>64A27>AA

7

7

' #

& "/

" , " (/( )(.)$ )$ &+ ( &)$

!=/

.

7

7

7

&%* '%& $

). (

## '' %$ $

0""

/) ( $ !

' #

0""

$* '( ( %$'!%'( $ (& '!%'( $

'' )' ) $ ! $ & $( & "(

&14@64A27>AA

7

!

)" # ) )

.

!

!=/

!

C54=B70;BA@0C< HE4864A27>AA86

'CBH@0C<

.

48A?84; .>7=64A27>AA

'0@:?;IBH4

0C?B48=60=6 *27C;4

=;8454@C=6

054B4@80

<

. <

' #47@?4@A>=0;

<

. <

" #

"B6;;4HF (8H8 (HGMHA: EA8H8EHA: <@ 4HE86;G

'@>9 *B K@> <

*8 4A?@427C=6 <

55EH6;

.8@CBEPE8 /@AHGMHA:

>G4@

<

"K7; @0C< *?K7;4

$ "-'

<8 >?8<AM8??<:8 -GEH>GHE 78F "B6;;4HF8F >4AA @<G J<EGF6;49G?<6;8A <A:E<998A 9RE :EBFFMR:<:8E8 HA7

3/ ;D>763-2/ ><1+81<6+1/ 3<= ?9;63/1/8./< /,D>.//8</7,6/ +>< ./8 +2;/8 "/,<= ./; +8<=/2/8./8 1/<+7=2+0=/8 1;9GCB563<-2/8 8<=+8.</=C>81 ,/<=/2= /38 8/>/< 79.303C3/;=/<

9?8K<5?8E AHGM54E8 ,PH@?<6;>8<G8A :8Q99A8G J8E78A #A 78E H@:854HG8A -GEH>GHE F<A7 7<I8EF8 (HGMHA:8A

$+>7:;91;+77 ./; % >8. .+73= +>-2 .3/ !E163-25/3= ./; '78>=C>81 ./< ,/<=/2/8./8

J<8 ?G8EFJB;A8A EMGCE4K8A .;8E4C<8EPH@?<6;>8<G8A REBF 8G6 IBEFG8??54E

<?50=6 *4:@4B0@80B <

!

+74:4 "0AA4

1&++$64

#064@ @278D <

#064@ @278D <

@C2: ">?84

<

*4@D4@ <

. !- <

*8 4A?@427C=6 <

!

'CBH <

#47@4@H8<<4@ <

M

<

K@> <

#I=6AA27=8BB

<?50=6 *4:@4B0@80B <

*27C;;48BC=6 <

<?50=6 *4:@4B0@80B <

*27C;;48BC=6 <

>027

(*$ K@> <

*8 4A?@427C=6 <

9-22+></< 8=<-2/3./8. /;<-2/38= >8< ./; 37 #;91;+77 09;7>63/;=/ /.+85/ .+<< .3/ 6+810;3<=31/ /=;+-2=>81 ./;

<8 58FG8;8A78A '4H8EJ8E>FGE8AAJPA78 ?8<FG8A >8<A8A E8?8I4AG8A 8<GE4: MHE E75858AF<6;8E;8<G <8

#I=6AA27=8BB

">=C>81<06/A3,363=D= ./; 1/,+>=/8 %=;>5=>; +>-2 .3/ ;@/3=/;,+;5/3= 5985;/= ./; 7E163-2/ *>@+-2< ?98

5$22(

,PH@8 9R;EG 74MH 74FF <A 78A "4HCGGE4:JPA78A 45;PA:<: IBA 78E (HGMHA: 7<I8EF8 .REQ99AHA:8A

+>0 %-2F6/; 38 /38/; 8+2/8 *>5>80= :;39;3=D;

<8 ABGJ8A7<:8A ,PH@8 <@ -B6>8?54H HA7 "B6;;4HF J8E78A 9RE CEBI<FBE<F6;8 3J<F6;8AAHGMHA:8A 4HF

:8F6;?BFF8A J8E78A >QAA8A HA7 7<8 E75858AF<6;8E;8<G 74@<G FB:4E I8E58FF8EG J<E7

&(' (" ! (

78@ ?G54H ;8E:8E<6;G8G J8?6;8E 74A46; G8<?J8<F8 ER6>:854HG J<E7

(8H54H (8H8E -6;H?F<GM

EJ8<G8EHA:

8=60=6

/,/8<CB56><59<=/8 ?98 C/8=;+6/; /./>=>81 </3 >0 .3/</7 38=/;1;>8. 3<= 8/,/8 ./;

E75858AF<6;8E;8<G 5?8<5G 78F;4?5 GEBGM 78A IBE:8F8;8A8A HE6;5ER6;8A :8JP;E?8<FG8G <8 N99AHA: 78E

2+;+5=/;3<=3<-2 0F; .+< ,/<=/2/8./ 8</7,6/ 3<= .3/ )/3=6D>0315/3= ./; ,/<=/2/8./8 86+1/ >8. .+73=

#@ "B6;;4HF >B@@8A 4??8 REB HA7 8FCE86;HA:FEPH@8 46;:8F6;BFF 4HF 78@ ?G54H J<8 4H6;

<8 7HE6;MH5E86;8A78A '4H8EJ8E>FGE8AAJPA78 7<8A8A 4?F H9?4:8E 78E BEG;BGEBC GE4:8A78A

7<8 <5?<BG;8> 4HF 78@ -B6>8?54H MH ?<8:8A #A 78A 8;8@4?<:8A <5?<BG;8>FEPH@8A >QAA8A @<G

8GBA786>8A J8?6;8 8<A8 -GPE>8 IBA ?87<:?<6;

6@ 4H9J8<F8A <8F8 H9?4:8E9HA>G<BA J<E7 7HE6;

?/;,>8./8 /38/ C>7 #;91;+77 ?/;2D6=83<7DG31 1;9<</ /<-29<<06D-2/ >8. +<<+./8+,@3-56>81

:8E<A:9R:<:8A AC4FFHA:8A 4?F &8<6;G54H>BAFGEH>G<BA :EBS9?P6;<:8 /AG8EE<6;GFEPH@8 8<A:8E<6;G8G

8AGFCE86;8A78 86>8AI8EFGPE>HA: @<GG8?F >BAI8AG<BA8??8E HA7 :RAFG<:8E %?85858J8;EHA: 4A 78E

!3= /38/; /<+7=/;8/>/;>81 ./< /<=+8./< 37 /1/8<+=C C> /38/7 ./85,+;/8 597:+5=/;/8

J8E78A <8 E8FG?<6;8A /AG8EE<6;GFEPH@8 I8E5?8<58A <@ ?G54H <8 :8F4@G8 &.. <A;8<G J<E7 CEBI<FBE<F6;

86>8AHAG8EF8<G8 >B@C8AF<8EG J8E78A HE6; 78G4<??<8EG8E8 -BA74:8A 78E '4H8EJ8E>JPA78 <@ 3H:8 78E

<@ 8E8<6; 78F 8;8@4?<:8A 478F 4?F &8<6;G54H>BAFGEH>G<BA 8<A:8E<6;G8G <8 -6;H?8 <FG AHA 9RE 8<A8

*EB=8>G<8EHA: <FG MH 58HEG8<?8A B5 7<8 I8E5?8<58A78A 14A7IBEFCERA:8 FG<EAF8<G<: @<G 8<A8@ 4H9:87R58?G8A ?46;FG4;?CEB9<? I8EFGPE>G J8E78A @RFF8A H@ FB 7<8 &4FG HA7 -C4AAHA:F>BAM8AGE4G<BA 4HF 78E 86>8

18<G8E9R;EHA: JP;E8A7 78E 4HM8<G IBE58E8<G8G

;<+=C8/>,+> @/;./8 .3/ C>5F80=31/8 8/;13/ >8. '8=/;2+6=<59<=/8 2E2/; +><0+66/8 8/;13/,/C>1<06D-2/ C> ,/6F0=/8./ 6D-2/ ! " $ >8. +<<+./806D-2/ <38. ./>=63-2 1;E<</; )/;./8 ,/3 /38/7 597:+5=/8 ;<+=C8/>,+> .3/ /<-29<< >8. +<<+./806D-2/8 738373/;= @/;./8

FB?<7 45GE4:8A MH >QAA8A <8 PHFF8E8A HA7 <AA8E8A .E4:JPA78 J8<F8A E8<6;?<6; .E4:?4FGE8F8EI8A 4HF

C>./7 =3/0/;/ ;<=/66>81< ,C@ %+83/;>81<59<=/8 38 ./; +<<+./ >8. 37 ><,+> /;;/3-2=

H@ 7<8 &4FGH@?4:8EHA: EHA7 4H9A8;@8A MH >QAA8A

3/ <=+;;/ &;+1<=;>5=>; <9@3/ .3/ .+73= /382/;1/2/8./8 =/36@/3</ 58+::/8 $+>7+,7/<<>81/8 ./< /<=+8./< 6+<</8 ,/3 /38/; ;=F-2=31>81 8+-2 ! " $ 598=;9663/;=/ F0=>81 59<=/838=/8<3?/ ,+>63-2/ 8:+<<>81/8 /;@+;=/8 @/6-2/ 83-2= ?966>70D8163-2 ?9;2/;</2,+; <38.

(C4@A27=8BB

(8H54H

@364A27>AA

<

1&-(.*(4&+144( 60' >&-%$6 .5%$6

# !

,=B4@@827BA@IC<4

*BC384@ C=3 #4@=<J6;827:48B4=

.4@:AB0BB <

*B0@:AB@>< "><< C=8:0B8>= *8274@748B <

&' )IC<4

#++ )IC<4

@364A27>AA

C54=B70;B C=3 @A27;84AAC=6

38A?

<

0CAE0@B +427=8:@IC<4

1/<+7=/ 8</7,6/ +>G/; ,/3 ./; &;+1<=;>5=>; 5/38/ ,<-2;/3,>81/8 C> ?/;C/3-28/8 <38. +;F,/;

:8AHGMG J8E78A 4?F ,8FG4HE4AG @<G &8F8?BHA:8 %<A78E>E<CC8 *8FG4?BMM<5<5?<BG;8> 4A68 46GBEL 8G6

238+>< <38. 0F; .3/ 2/>=31/ #;91;+77/;0F66>81 ?/;2D6=83<7DG31 1;9G/ 8:+<<>81/8 ./; %=;>5=>; 89=@/8.31 928/ .+<< .+73= +>-2 /38/ 8+-22+6=31/ ><1+81<6+1/ 0F; ">=C>81<+8:+<<>81/8 >8.

F<A7 >B@C?8GG 8AG9?B6;G8A HA7 7<8 &PE@<@@<FF<BA8A 4H9F '<A<@H@ E87HM<8EG F F<A7 4??8 !EHA7?4:8A 9RE 4@B86AB4;;C=6

/A45;PA:<: IB@ -6;H?58GE<85 >4AA 78E EF4GM (8H54H 8EE<6;G8G J8E78A <8 4H HA7 -6;H?MH:PA:8

FB4@=4 %CBHC=6

/8=@3-56>81/8 1/1/,/8 3<=

F F<A7 FB@<G >8<A8 E8?8I4AG8A <A:E<998 <A 7<8 .E4:>BAFGEH>G<BA IBE:8F8;8A <8 -H5FG4AM 78E .E4:>BAFGEH>G<BA J8<FG ?4HG *EB=8>G:EHA7?4:8A >8<A8 :EQFF8E8A 'PA:8? 4H9 8E ?G54H HA7 .8<?8 78E -B6>8?:8F6;BFF8 J8E78A MHER6>:854HG <8 08E5<A7HA:F94FF478A >QAA8A B;A8

<AF6;EPA>HA:8A 4H9E86;G 8E;4?G8A J8E78A

J8F8AG?<6;8 08EFGPE>HA:F@4FFA4;@8 HA7 @<G 78E :8JRAF6;G8A AM4;? 8AFG8EQ99AHA:8A I8EF6;?BFF8A

,=B4@64A27>AA

,=B4@@827BA@0C< <

. <

,=B4@@827BA@0C< <

-,1'.,-'#+

/#

04#'/

"

**'..',+#+

*

*

6))#

*

6))#

# 50"#/#!&+'(

+1#./'/',+.(,./#+ .. "# 0. 0 #!&+'(

#/-'# .(,./#+ +#-%'# +/#-& )/

/A=/;8/ #;9?3<9;3/8 +>0;/-2= /;2+6=/8 @/;./8 3/ 8?/<=3=398/8 38 #;9?3<9;3/8 928/ ,6/3,/8./8 )/;= @/;./8 .+.>;-2 738373/;= #+ "( + ,/3 /38/7 597:+5=/8 ;<+=C8/>,+> .3/ /<-29<< >8. +<<+./806D-2/8 738373/;= @/;./8 5E88/8

@/831/; ;+>/8/;13/ 89=@/8.31 </38 38/ 597:+5=/;/ !/.3/80F2;>81 ./; +><=/-2835 @3;. 1/8+88=/ ;3=/;3/8 /,/8<9 1F8<=31 ,//3806><</8

&

+< 98C/:= /38/< ;<+=C8/>,+>< 73= /38/; 9:=398+6/8 &/36/;8/>/;>81 37 +>;/-2= /;6+>,= 8+-2 @3/ ?9; 1;9GCF131/ '71/,>81<06D-2/8 @/6-2/ 0F; .3/ (/;<3-5/;>81 ./< +80+66/8./8 $/1/8@+<</;< 1/8>=C=

. <

%414=@IC<4 <

&

)#3' ')'/5/ 0/40+% 0+" -2#'/#-0+%

@/;./8 5E88/8

,=B4@@827BA@0C< <

-#'$)5!&#

!3= /38/7 ;<+=C8/>,+> 5E88/8 +>0 3./+6/ )/3</

./; %-2>68>=C>81 @D2;/8. ./; +>C/3= 928/

5$22(

@/;./8 +>01;>8. ./; 56/38/;/8 !/81/ ?/;,+>=/; !+=/;3+63/8 <9@926 $/<<9>;-/8 1/<-298= +6< +>-2

@C??4=@0C< <

)#3' ')'/5/ 0/40+% 0+" -2#'/#-0+%

J8E78A FB 74FF 7<8F8 ;8HG<:8 (4;GFG8??8 A<6;G @8;E 4?F FB?6;8 8E>8AA54E F8<A J<E7

EA8H8EHA: <@ 4HE86;G

81;8>B74: $4384=

<

38 &/36>7,+> ./< /<=+8./< @3;. /A=/;8/ #;9?3<9;3/8 ,/8E=31/8 9./; +6=/;8+=3? .3/ +>C/3= ?/;6D81/;8

8<A8 899<M<8AG8 4HFG8??8A58J<EGF6;49GHA: @<G >HEM8E 4HM8<G :8:858A 8E -6;H?58GE<85 >4AA 7458< B;A8

%0AAH4;;4=

&

#064@ <

14A77HE6;5ER6;8A FBJ<8 8<A8E AC4FFHA: 78F <A:4A:FA<I84HF <@ &<9GIBE58E8<6; I<8?F8<G<: J8<G8E

5$22(

*27C;4

@148BA@IC<4

/; */3=:>85= 0F; /38/8 &/36;F-5,+> ./; ,/<=/2/8./8 %>,<=+8C /;<-2/38= >8< 1F8<=31 .+ F,/; .+<

4F -B6>8?:8F6;BFF >4AA @<G 78A <A 78A /AG8E?4:8A 8EJP;AG8A '4FFA4;@8A HA7 8<AM8?A8A

(46; 78E M8<G?<6; HA45;PA:<:8A /@MH:FC;4F8 <A 78A 98EG<: :8FG8??G8A (8H54H J8E78A <A 78E 7E<GG8A

' ""' (

G4CC8 7<8 58FG8;8A78A !85PH78 <@ 4HE86;G 8EA8H8EG 5MJ G8<?J8<F8 ER6>:854HG <8 /@:85HA: @<G

'8</;/ 8+6B</ 2+= 1/C/31= .+<< .+< 1/09;./;=/ #;91;+77 4/.9-2 73= 5+>7 ?/;=;/=,+;/8 8:+<<>81/8

78A :89BE78EG8A *4E>98?78EA J<E7 98EG<: :8FG8??G

+8 ./; ,/<=/2/8./8 &;+1<=;>5=>; 38 ./8 ,/<=/2/8./8 /,D>./8 >8=/;1/,;+-2= @/;./8 5E88=/ 381;300/

-#'$)5!&#

-,1'.,-'#+

/#

04#'/

"

**'..',+#+

*

*

6))#

*

# 50"#/#!&+'(

6))#

+1#./'/',+.(,./#+ .. "# 0. 0 #!&+'(

#/-'# .(,./#+ +#-%'# +/#-& )/

C@/-5< ;;/3-2/8 ./; ;.,/,/8<3-2/;2/3= 6373=3/;/8 .3/</ ,<3-2= 38 >81F8<=31/; )/3</ "+-2 /38/;

&' ->@14@48BC=6 <

59<=/838=/8<3?/8 8<=+8.</=C>81 @F;./ C@+; .+< #;91;+77 +>0 ./7 8/><=/8 %=+8. ./; &/-2835 >8.

*H4=0@8>

&

*8BH4;4<4=B

81;8>B74:

<

!

<

!

,=B4@@827BA@0C< <

(9;<-2;30=/8 /;0F66= .3/ &;+1<=;>5=>; @F;./ 73= /38/7 292/8 8=/36 +8 7+<<3?/8 )D8./8 377/; 89-2 C> @/831 ">=C>81<06/A3,363=D= 238<3-2=63-2 C>5F80=31 D8./;8./8 809;./;>81/8 +>0@/3</8

38 597:+5=/; "/>,+> 5+88 <9 1/<=+6=/= @/;./8 .+<< <9@926 .+< 2/>=31/ #;91;+77 /;0F66= +6< +>-2 73=

*27C;4

*B4@8;8A0B8>= <

&' ,41C=6A@0C< <

&' ,41C=6A@0C< <

,41C=6AC<:;4834

<

FB4@=4 %CBHC=6

02764A27>AA

/380+-2/8 !+G8+27/8 C>5F80=31/8 2/>=/ 89-2 83-2= ./0383/;=/8 8=@3-56>81/8 /8=<:;9-2/8 @/;./8

EJ8<G8EHA:

5+88 7 38,63-5 /38/; /<+7=/;8/>/;>81 >8=/;

6+>0/8./7 /=;3/, 3<= /< +>01;>8. ./; <-2>63<-2/8 ">=C>81 C@381/8. .3/ D;73773<<398/8 C/3=63-2 >8. E;=63-2 C> ,/1;/8C/8 /3 /38/7 '7,+> ./;

5$22(

,/<=/2/8./8 /=98<=;>5=>; @3;. .3/</ /6+<=>81 .>;-2 38,+>=/8 >8. >;-2,;F-2/ <-298 +>01;>8.

H9 78E A8H :8F6;4998A8A &4A7E8F8EI8 >4AA 7<8 -6;H?8 58< J46;F8A78A -6;R?8EM4;?8A 8EJ8<G8EG J8E78A

/;2E2=/; 809;./;>81/8 +8 .3/ /,D>./=/-2835 1;9G </38 >8. ./8 %-2>6,/=;3/, 38 292/7 !+<</ 8/1+=3?

<A8 FGEH>GHE8??8 A5<A7HA: HA7 FLA8E:8G<F6;8 (HGMHA: <FG @<G 78@ =8GM<:8A (8H54H F6;BA :8:858A

&14@64A27>AA

<

,//3806><</8 !3= /38/7 ;<+=C8/>,+> 5E88/8 .3/</ 773<<398/8 C/3=63-2 >8. E;=63-2 /00/5=3? ;/.>C3/;= 9./; 1+; ?/;73/./8 @/;./8 ;7E163-2= @3;. .3/< .>;-2 .3/ ?9;2+8./8/ +8.;/</;?/ @/6-2/ 38 >8</;/7

,=B4@64A27>AA

98C/:= +>-2 0F; @/3=/;/ 8=@3-56>81/8 1/<3-2/;= @/;./8 <966

!8F4@G8EA8H8EHA: "Q;8E8 46;F6;H?8 !8FHA7;8<G HA7 -BM<4?8F " !- 4E4H

/<+7=/;8/>/;>81 E2/;/ +-2<-2>6/ /<>8.2/3= >8. %9C3+6/< % +;+>

*H4=0@8> *27C;4

FB4@=4 %CBHC=6

/ , 0 , / $ . 3 , 4 ,41C=6AC<:;4834

<

'@0F8A /8 #++ +@>2:4= <

'@0F8A /8 #++ +@>2:4= <

'@0F8A /8 #++ +@>2:4= <

4@IB4 $0B <

4@IB4 $0B <

4@IB4 $0B <

. <

. <

/ , 0 , / $ . 3 , 4 # #

,=B4@@827BA@0C<

<

HF 7<8F8E E>8AAGA<F >B@@8A J<E MH@ -6;?HFF 8<A8A %B@C?8GG8EF4GM 9RE 78A -6;H?;4HF54H IBEMHF6;?4:8A J8?6;8E 78A A9BE78EHA:8A 8<A8F @B78EA8A -6;H?58GE<85F

'@0F8A /8 #++ +@>2:4= <

.IA274;064@ <

'@0F8A /8 #++ %0AA . , <

!

<

!

4@IB4 $0B <

@C??4=@0C< <

4H6; <A 78E 3H>HA9G 8AGFCE86;8A >4AA -B >4AA @<G @<A<@4?8A ,<F<>8A /,0,/$. 3,4- HA7 @<G 8<A8@ ;B;8A '4FF 4A 0BE4HFF8;54E>8<G 8<A >B@C4>G8E (8H54H @<G M8<G:8AQFF<F6;8A

,=B4@@827BA@0C< <

*8BH4;4<4=B

@C??4=@0C< <

@C??4=@0C< <

$0B4@80;@0C< <

'<GG8?A HA7 I8EARA9G<:8@ 9<A4AM<8??8A H9J4A7 78A ;8HG<:8A HA7 >RA9G<:8A A9BE78EHA:8A :8AR:8A

@C??4=@0C< <

<A8 ;PH9<: 98;?8A78 87<A:HA: 74MH <FG <@ 4??8 78E " !- :8:858A AP@?<6; 7<8 58FG8;8A78 &4A7E8F8EI8 4H9 78@ 8<:8A8A E84? HE6; 78A 55EH6; 78F ?G54HF J<E7 78E FR7?<6;8 *8E<@8G8E 78F !EHA7FGR6>F 9E8< 9RE 8<A8A EF4GMA8H54H *EBI<FBE<8A 58F6;EPA>8A F<6; 4H9 /@AHGMHA:8A <@ I8E5?8<58A78A 8FG4A7

<

H9 /AG8E:8F6;BFF8 J<E7 58<@ (8H54H 4HF %BFG8A:ERA78A I8EM<6;G8G *4E>C?PGM8 J8E78A

&14@64A27>AA

<

IBE?PH9<: A46; 4HFF8A I8E?8:G <A ->8?8GG54H :8A8E<8EG 8<A8 E8:8?@PFF<:8 .E4:FGEH>GHE

<

78E8A -C4AAJ8<G8A BCG<@<8EG F<A7 .E8AAJPA78 F<A7 A<6;GGE4:8A7 HA7 4H9 >RA9G<:8

<

(HGMHA:8A 4AC4FF54E <8 4FF478 <FG <A "B?M '8G4?? ?8@8AG8A IBE:898EG<:G HA7 74@<G ?8<6;G <8 .4:8F?<6;G9R;EHA: 8AGFCE<6;G 8<A8E @B78EA8A -6;H?8 HA7 E8<6;G 5<F MH 78A %BEE<7BE8A HA7 .E8CC8A;PHF8EA 7<8 <A -6;H?;PHF8EA 4?F )EG8 78E 8:8:AHA: 8<A8A J<6;G<:8A 8FG4A7G8<? 78F -6;H??858AF 4HF@46;8A -GEH>GHE8A @<G :EBFF8A -C4AAJ8<G8A

,=B4@@827BA@0C<

<

,=B4@@827BA@0C< <

,=B4@@827BA@0C< <

,=B4@@827BA@0C< <

@C??4=@0C< <

@C??4=@0C< <

$CA8: H8<<4@ <

. <

. <

J<8 H7<GBE<8A 589<A78A F<6; 4H9 78@ 46;

,=B4@@827BA@0C<

<

<8 IB@ ?4H98A78A -6;H?58GE<85 HA45;PA:<:8 EFG8??HA: 78F (8H54HF 8AG?4FG8G 7<8 -6;A<GGFG8??8A HA7 &PE@588<AGEP6;G<:HA:8A HA7 8E?4H5G 78A 8MH: 78E A8H8A -6;H?EPH@8 <A 8<A8@ 3H: 1<E F6;?4:8A IBE 78A ABE7J8FG?<6;8A ?46;54H58E8<6; 78F "B6;;4HF8F FBJ<8 74F

<

<

"B6;;4HF <@ 4HE86;G 45MH:858A HA7 7<8F8F <@ -<AA8 78E IBA HAF IBE:8F6;?4:8A8A *8BH4;4<4=B

,=B4@@827BA@0C< <

$0B4@80;@0C< <

$CA8:H8<<4@ <

!

<

!

@C??4=@0C< <

@C??4=@0C< <

<

,=B4@@827BA@0C< <

,=B4@@827BA@0C< <

<

(HGMHA:8A MH 58?8:8A <A8 5C4EM8??<8EHA: <FG 78A>54E 8E 55EH6; 78E ABE7QFG?<6;8A ?46;54H58E8<6;8 4FF<A 4H9J8A7<:8 /@AHGMHA: 8E@Q:?<6;G <A 8<A8E 8EFG8A *;4F8 7<8

,=B4@@827BA@0C< <

)E:4A<F4G<BA 78E *4E>C?PGM8 %RA9G<: F6;?4:8A J<E 7<8F8A )EG 4?F FGE4G8:<F6;8

<

<

,4H@E8F8EI8 78E -6;H?8 IBE 4F +H4EG<8E 58;P?G 74@<G 74F M8<6;8A;49G8 "B6;;4HF HA7 J<E7 7HE6; MJ8<

<

<

-6;H?;4HF54HG8A 8E:PAMG <8 7E8< <:HE8A 8E?4H58A 7HE6; <;E8 5FGPA78 MH8<A4A78E 8<A8A HA8<A:8F6;EPA>G8A EPH@?<6;8A HE6;9?HFF <@ +H4EG<8E HA7 GE4:8A MH F8<A8E Q998AG?<6;8A

<

<

&14@64A27>AA

<

(HGMHA: 58< <8 *8E@845<?<GPG 78F +H4EG<8EF <FG :8JP;E?8<FG8G <8 7HE6;:8;8A78

<A:4A:F;4??8 78E -6;H?8 FGPE>G 7<8F8A !874A>8A

<

<

M

<

>G4@

<

J@A00; '4@A <

*B0C@0C< <

. <

J@A00;

'4@A <

*BC7;;064@ <

*B0C@0C< <

. <

M

<

' @148BA?;IBH4 <

. !- < 'CBH <

J@A00; '4@A < !

<

!

!

;C27BE46

;C27BE46

&14@64A27>AA

<

*8BC0B8>=

<

<

< <

<

<

<

<

<

<

<

<

<

<

<

<

<

<

<

<

<

<

<

<

<

<

<

<

<

<

<

<

M

<

M

<

M

<

<

!8F4@G8EA8H8EHA: "Q;8E8 46;F6;H?8 !8FHA7;8<G HA7 -BM<4?8F " !- 4E4H

#I=6AA27=8BB

<

=A827B *K30;;44

<

!8F4@G8EA8H8EHA: "Q;8E8 46;F6;H?8 !8FHA7;8<G HA7 -BM<4?8F " !- 4E4H

=A827B >5

<

(C4@A27=8BB

/ competition boards

WWW.SIMONWYNJAMES.COM

â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;HFGS, AARAUâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; /28

/06

‘VORDERER STERNEN’

OFFICE / SAM Architekten und Partner ROLE / Development of Facade Design, Modelling & Visualisation [A-E] CLIENT / PSP Properties AG, Zürich PROGRAMME / Restaurant & Hotel [New Build] SITE / Zürich, Switzerland SCALE / 1,600m²

JURXQG ÀRRU HQWUDQFH UHQGHU LQ GHVLJQ GHYHORSPHQW

WWW.SIMONWYNJAMES.COM

‘VORDERER STERNEN’ /29

FLUFXODWLRQ FRUH PRGHO

WWW.SIMONWYNJAMES.COM

/ facade and roof development studies

‘VORDERER STERNEN’ /30

/07

‘STAATSANWALTSCHAFT, ULM’

OFFICE / SAM Architekten und Partner ROLE / Development of Facade Design, Modelling & Visualisation [C-D] CLIENT / Baden-Württemberg PROGRAMME / 0UBLIC 0ROSECUTION $EPARTMENT /FlCE ;#OMPETITION ND 0RIZE= SITE / Ulm, Germany

¿QDO H[WHULRU SHUVSHFWLYH

WWW.SIMONWYNJAMES.COM

‘STAATSANWALTSCHAFT, ULM’ /31

/08

‘QUARTIER RICHTI’

OFFICE / SAM Architekten und Partner ROLE / Detail & Conceptual Design of Entrances & Restaurant, Modelling & Visualisation [A-H] CLIENT / Allreal Generalunternehmung AG, Zürich [New Build] PROGRAMME / Residential & Mixed Use SITE / Zürich, Switzerland SCALE / 28,000m²

/ 1:200 model with restaurant proposal

WWW.SIMONWYNJAMES.COM

‘QUARTIER RICHTI’ /32

WWW.SIMONWYNJAMES.COM Bauherrschaft Allreal Generalunternehmung AG Eggbühlstrasse 15 8050 Zürich

N

/ 1:100 restaurant proposal plan

‘QUARTIER RICHTI’ /33

Maßstab 1:100

Grundriss Erdgeschoss

Plannummer A3

Datum 24.01.2011 Gez. SJ

3533.01 Baufeld III - Richti, Wallisellen Rev.

/ technical section-perspective

WWW.SIMONWYNJAMES.COM

/ exploded structural axonometric

‘QUARTIER RICHTI’ /34

/ restaurant interior perspective

/ restaurant exterior perspective

/ restaurant entrance perspective

/ restaurant exterior contextual perspective

WWW.SIMONWYNJAMES.COM

‘QUARTIER RICHTI’ /35

/ residential entrances perspective in design development A

/ central circulation atrium: sectional lighting study

WWW.SIMONWYNJAMES.COM

/ residential entrances perspective in design development B

â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;QUARTIER RICHTIâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; /36

/09

‘LANGSTRASSE VERLÄNGERN’

DEGREE / MArch (RIBA Part II) TUTOR / Alain Chiaradia, Marga Bauza CLIENT / Architektur Forum Zürich PROGRAMME / Urban Design SITE / Langstrasse, Zürich, Switzerland

/ contextual plan with urban design intervention proposal

WWW.SIMONWYNJAMES.COM

‘LANGSTRASSE VERLÄNGERN’ /37

STRATEGY SUMMARY + FRAMEWORK

LAND USE + DAILY ACTIVITY

AR4006_urban design SIMON JAMES_WSA4 0625426

DESIGN

[EXTEND LANGSTRASSE] 100 %

80 %

PAST

‘LANGSTRASSE VERLÄNGERN’

CONJESTION 60 %

RESIDENTIAL / HOTEL (social) 40 %

ART / BAR / LEISURE / RELIGION

CITY (stadt) / EDUCATION / OFFICE / POLICE

20 %

RETAIL / 24h SHOP / FOOD

SBB / BANK

1AM

2AM

3AM

4AM

5AM

6AM

7AM

8AM

9AM

10AM

11AM

12PM

1PM

2PM

3PM

4PM

GASTRONOMY

5PM

6PM

7PM

8PM

9PM

10PM

11PM

12AM

50

40

30

20

10

0 1AM 2AM 3AM 4AM 5AM 6AM 7AM 8AM 9AM 10AM 11AM 12PM 1PM 2PM 3PM 4PM 5PM 6PM 7PM 8PM 9PM 10PM 11PM 12AM

RETAIL

35

30

25

20

15

10

PROJECTION

5

0 1AM 2AM 3AM 4AM 5AM 6AM 7AM 8AM 9AM 10AM 11AM 12PM 1PM 2PM 3PM 4PM 5PM 6PM 7PM 8PM 9PM 10PM 11PM 12AM

BAR

35

30

25

20

15

10

5

0 1AM 2AM 3AM 4AM 5AM 6AM 7AM 8AM 9AM 10AM 11AM 12PM 1PM 2PM 3PM 4PM 5PM 6PM 7PM 8PM 9PM 10PM 11PM 12AM

EDUCATION / OFFICE

30

25

20

15

10

5

0 1AM 2AM 3AM 4AM 5AM 6AM 7AM 8AM 9AM 10AM 11AM 12PM 1PM 2PM 3PM 4PM 5PM 6PM 7PM 8PM 9PM 10PM 11PM 12AM

ART

5

4

3

2

1

0

FEAR SCENARIO

1AM 2AM 3AM 4AM 5AM 6AM 7AM 8AM 9AM 10AM 11AM 12PM 1PM 2PM 3PM 4PM 5PM 6PM 7PM 8PM 9PM 10PM 11PM 12AM

The adjacent map shows the ground function of each building (assuming the majority of 1st functions are residential). Unsurprisingly, it is mainly retail, bar and food services that are concentrated along the main arterial road that is Langstrasse, with residential areas within its immediate context, marking the clear divide in levels of activity. Some interesting patterns emerge; for instance with inhabiting the courtyard spaces of residential areas, in addition to major junctions being used primarily by bar / food services for a somewhat successful communal environment (similarly to strategic urban planning of Barcelona’s gridiron) Activity of most functions increases dramatically over midday and continues at high level until evening (quite likely due to the high number of students that visit Langstrasse over lunch), with congestion peaking at around 5pm (Langstrasse is considered a critical thoroughfare across a major part of the city)

SOCIAL

VISION

5

4

3

2

_LANGSTRASSE VERLÄNGERN = EXTEND LANGSTRASSE conserve and extend this unique urbanity - focusing on economic support

1

0 1AM 2AM 3AM 4AM 5AM 6AM 7AM 8AM 9AM 10AM 11AM 12PM 1PM 2PM 3PM 4PM 5PM 6PM 7PM 8PM 9PM 10PM 11PM 12AM

_OVERCOME IMPOSING GENTRIFICATION

CONJESTION

12

10

8

6

_AWARENESS OF SURROUNDING URBANITY reinforce a positive image on this rich and diverse conurbation

4

2

0 1AM 2AM 3AM 4AM 5AM 6AM 7AM 8AM 9AM 10AM 11AM 12PM 1PM 2PM 3PM 4PM 5PM 6PM 7PM 8PM 9PM 10PM 11PM 12AM

'TRANSIENT SPACES'

ZÜRICH CITY CENTRE

LANGSTRASSE

CANTON SUBSIDISED HOUSING

PRECEDENT Perla-Mode, Zurich

_increase in public + green space from primary street

_typical development of urban fabric

-meeting the requirements of the users of the area by providing rentable mixed use space (in combination with existing spaces = increase in economy) - no. 95 most likely used for artistic purposes due to growing demand - preserving the nature of Langstrasse identity (particularly with regard to the recent demolition of a club and the potential demolition of 'Perla Mode')

1_Resident population 2_Lot 0 - 14 years 3_Proportion of 15 - 64 years 4_Proportion aged 65 and above 5_Proportion of Roman Catholic 6_Evangelical reformed 7_Proportion of people in families 8_Population density 9_Number of buildings 10_Proportion of single-family homes 11_Proportion of multi-family houses 12_Proportion remaining homes 13_Proportion of commercial buildings 14_Proportion of older buildings before 1893 15_Proportion of new buildings from 1991 16_Quarter contains share 17_House size share 18_House turnaround share 19_ 20_Proportion of green spaces 21_Employees 22_Workplaces 23_Unemployment share 24_Alien-makers

_compression + divide

_relationship with urban grain of wider context

h landmarks / nodes

gf_plan 1:500 INTERSECTION section 1:200

S________________________________________________________________________________ _high % individual businesses + commerce along main road _high demand for housing (although too expensive) _wide variety of land use - localized _high activity 24/7 and reputation for nightlife

S________________________________________________________________________________ _high % green spaces (20) _high % commercial buildings (13) _high % historical buildings / richness (14/15) _relatively good housing standards (17)

W________________________________________________________________________________ infrastructural support from stadt Zurich _congestion of activity from midday to late evening _increasing house prices _increasing % unused buildings (+RECENT DEMOLITION OF CLUB)

W________________________________________________________________________________ _limited subsidised housing for target market _high % (19) _low % employees vs. high % workplaces (21/22/23) _high % housing turnaround, could lead to loss of identity (18) O________________________________________________________________________________ _high % religious, communal activity + diversity (5/6) _high % housing available, however too expensive = wrong target audience (12) _high % commercial buildings (13) _high % housing turnaround - could encourage diversity (18) T________________________________________________________________________________ _imposing from new developments (15) _low % families = potential effect on population growth + diversity (10/11) _heterogeneous urban grain - potential identity crisis? (14/15) _high % 'alien makers' (24)

'OWNERSHIP'

'COLLABORATE + EXTEND'

'TRANSIENT SPACES'

'SHARED SPACE'

'STREET FURNITURE'

'CONNECTIVITY + TEMPO'

O________________________________________________________________________________ _increase interest in art and creative facilities _utilization of derelict buildings (rentable) _similarly, potential to rent housing / subsidize to lower prices _attraction of festivals / markets throughout year

CLIENT The client chosen will be Architektur Forum Zürich, an organisation which recently carried out a study on Langstrasse and its surroundings, having its rich qualities of urbanity.

OVERVIEW

langstrasse verlängern!

T________________________________________________________________________________ _individual businesses under threat from chain _increasing housing prices _increase in pedestrian congestion - decreasing diversity

ARCHITEKTURFORUM

ARCHITEKTURFORUM ZÜRICH

strategy

SPATIAL SEQUENCES

IDENTITY + CULTURE

DESIGN

DESIGN

GRAFFITI

PROSTITUTION

‘FCZ’ GRAFFITI (local FC)

TEMPORARY USE SPACE

DERELICT SPACE

PROSTITUTION

KEY VENUES

SUBJECTIVE NODES

TEMPORARY AND UNUSED SPACE

(with related voronoi grid depicting territories)

VORONOI

CRACKING ALGORITHM

_using the nodes LGHQWLĺHG in the analysis, key focal points for the urban design are created

_constructing a voronoi diagram from these nodes which LGHQWLĺHV primary 'districs'

_running this algorithm 'cracks' and subdivides these districts into manageable parts while maintaining emphasis on the original nodes

KEY VENUES

NODES

NATIONALITY

+

=

INTERSECTION gf_plan 1:500

INTERSECTION ug_plan 1:500

PRECEDENT

500m

250m

100m

50m

0m

NODES + TERRITORIES

__________________________________________________Superkilen, Copenhagen BIG _embracing the culture and diversity of its context and providing a framework to satisfy the needs for all

FRAMEWORK

SHARED SPACE / PATHWAY

SHARED SPACE FRAMEWORK

_this provides a framework to maintain and extend the diversity of Langstrasse

_derived from the strategy, the shared space pathway is also designed to encourage an 'extension' of langstrasse; seen here with the smaller branches

_combined, the framework for the shared space is formed. Here, the intention is for each of these segments to be LQĻXHQFHG by the diverse community in some way (e.g materiality, green spaces, future uses...)

_____________________Gran Via de Les Corts Catalanes Sector Llevant, Barcelona ARRIOLA & FIOL PRECEDENT Brick Lane, London

'STREET FURNITURE'

_pedestrian hierarchy whilst maintaining good transportation links through VWUDWLĺFDWLRQ

- use of lighting and street furniture to help control the level of tolerance and visibility of illegal activities - basic infrastructural support for cleanliness, bikes… (particularly with regard to the shared street strategy)

'OWNERSHIP' - selling out subsidised housing at cheaper prices - ensure cultural diversity and historical richness is kept - more local employment opportunity (more inhabitants)

+

=

_________________________________________________Hardbrücke Station, Zurich EM2N _clear management of complex intersection in a developing urban environment

________________________________________________________Kumamoto, Japan RYUE NISHIZAWA _evolving design that aims to deal with complex urban environment in addition to calming the tempo of mass transit

DIVERSE COMMUNITY

ADAPTABLE FRAMEWORK

COMBINED: FLEXIBILITY + DIVERSITY

_encouraging the creative and diverse community of langstrasse to extend its identity

_providing further framework for adaptable use and extension

_similarly to BIGs 'Superkilen' project, the design should portray and extend the identity of langstrasse over time

PIAZZA CELLA gf_plan 1:200 PIAZZA CELLA sectional perspective 1:100

S________________________________________________________________________________ _number of key nodes / 'districts' offering contrasting / varied spatial qualities _2 main social hubs + 1 key transportation hub ensuring easy access to area _Helvetiaplatz most popular social hub

S________________________________________________________________________________ _strong sense of diversity + cultural richness _increasing creative identity _despite reputation as red-light district of Zurich, it's 'seedy but safe'

W________________________________________________________________________________ _high + narrow streetscape _poor connectivity between spatial nodes - particularly to main station _overall poor spatial sequence on main street compared to surrounding _Piazza Cella the key social hub but rather ambiguous public space _lack of pauses and * NO CHANGE IN TEMPO O________________________________________________________________________________ _potential new 'extension' route through the new Europaallee development improving connectivity to main station, spatial sequence and commerce _the verticality of the street as a means of improving connectivity _derelict buildings could potentially slow tempo and create pauses along the spatial sequence T________________________________________________________________________________ _prostitution and drug use highly visible due to spatial qualities of the street, potentially deterring commerce _increasing divide between North + South side could increase alienation; _loss of identity: JHQWULĺFDWLRQ

W________________________________________________________________________________ _infamous for drug use and anti-social behavior _high % JUDIĺWL and comparatively low infrastructural maintenance (waste)

/ urban analysis and design strategies

WWW.SIMONWYNJAMES.COM

STALLS / SHELTER

BINS

LIGHTING

LANDSCAPE

BIKE STORAGE

SEATING

FUTURE = ?

O________________________________________________________________________________ _number of venues attracting people from Zurich and further _potential to 'extend' the unique identity out from the main street

T________________________________________________________________________________ _clustering of migratory groups _rising house prices driving occupants out - loss of diversity BJHQWULĺFDWLRQ as a result of the above - loss of identity _many protests over recent years - increase in potential anti-social behavior

strategy

SUGGESTED FURNITURE _providing a basis on which the community will hopefully adapt and create new solutions dependant on their needs over time

‘LANGSTRASSE VERLÄNGERN’ /38

/10

/ PHENOMENOLOGY

‘HÖNGGERBERG PLEASURE GARDENS’

DEGREE / BSc (RIBA Part I) TUTOR / Kristian Hyde PROGRAMME / Botanic Gardens & Greenhouses, Horticultural Hall, Nightclub & Restaurant, Biomass Production, SITE / Hönggerberg, Zürich, Switzerland SCALE / 16,500m²

It is clear that Switzerland is a land of contrasts; through landscape, climate and culture, there is a constant language of dualities. The site at Hönggerberg in particular offers almost a micro-climate of these conditions such as the proximity of the forest to the city, the vernacular to contemporary, and the mystical qualities contained in its density compared with the openness of its edge.

The classical interpretation of a ‘Pleasure Garden’

also sees a strong focus on duality and juxtaposition of divine order with nature; an interpretation that I feel many can relate to and admire through phenomenology.

This scheme therefore aims to offer the opportunity to spark the imagination and evoke memories that people associate with the relationship of order and nature, particularly with regard to Swiss culture. I have therefore considered the whole forest area as the site boundary as I feel it is key to deriving vivid phenomenological possibilities.

/ ABSTRACTED TOPOGRAPHY Topography is triangulated for the main half of the scheme primarily to aid circulation, territorial

management and water irrigation, as well as contributing to the overall contrasting experiences of the gardens

/ STRUCTURE The primary structure and architectural language of the scheme consists of thin concrete columns placed on the 4.8m modular grid. They are 250mm thick and range in depth of up to 1m along the main corridor and house the ventilation extraction from the exhibition hall. They support the lightweight truss that forms the wrapping roof of the hall which transfers forces to the mass walls (storage area, trombe wall and elevator core)

/ exploded overview of programme & contextual roof plan

WWW.SIMONWYNJAMES.COM

‘HÖNGGERBERG PLEASURE GARDENS’ /39

/ primary viewpoint and horticultural hall exterior perspective

/ dense forest in part of the phenomenological route

/ phenomenological section and corresponding experiential perspectives

WWW.SIMONWYNJAMES.COM

‘HÖNGGERBERG PLEASURE GARDENS’ /40

/ restaurant level plan

WWW.SIMONWYNJAMES.COM

/ exploded structural axonometric

‘HÖNGGERBERG PLEASURE GARDENS’ /41

/ 1:500 horticultural hall & greenhouses contextual model

/ 1:100 horticultural hall sectional model

WWW.SIMONWYNJAMES.COM

‘HÖNGGERBERG PLEASURE GARDENS’ /42

/ water & vista garden section-elevation

KRUWLFXOWXUDO KDOO JURXQG DQG ORZHU JURXQG ÀRRU SODQV

WWW.SIMONWYNJAMES.COM

/ greenhouse technical section & plan

‘HÖNGGERBERG PLEASURE GARDENS’ /43

/11

â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;EVOLUTIONARY MASTER PLANNINGâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;

DEGREE / BSc (RIBA Part I) TUTOR / Kristian Hyde PROGRAMME / Residential & Mixed Use SITE / Birmingham DENSITY / Flexible up to 3 AWARD / RIBA Presidentâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Medals Student Awards Nominee 2010

â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Side stepping the usual directions of contemporary architecture, this project is about architecture as a living and evolving entity. Architecture is often the manifestation of one mind and is notoriously time laden. ,W UHJXODUO\ ÂżQGV LWVHOI RXW RI V\QF ZLWK WKH YHU\ FXOWXUH or circumstances it is developed for. However this FRQÂżGHQW DQG UDWLRQDO DSSURDFK WR XUEDQ GHYHORSPHQW in Birmingham is approached as a natural state of growth rather than a preordained rigid proposal. It sees the architect as facilitator, simply providing a beginning rather than director.

The project seeks to address the assumptions on form generating processes in architecture; paralleling a ZLGHU VFLHQWLÂżF WKHRU\ RI RUGHU DQG SURJUHVV LQ WKH natural world. The work happily lends insight from John Frazerâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s work on Evolutionary Architecture and

proposes nature as the generating force of architectural form. The strategy presented is clearly not about FRS\LQJ WKH RUJDQLF \HW LW FDUHIXOO\ XVHV VFLHQWLÂżF DQG ELRORJLFDO DQDORJLHV WR GHÂżQH D VRFLDO SROHPLF The proposal feels aware of the writings of Rowe, Koetter, Gehl, and Lynch, yet it avoids a stereotypical response by simultaneously embracing Frazerâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s ideas of replication and selection, challenging preconceived notions of space making.

7KH LPPHGLDWH XUEDQ ÂżHOG LV GLVUXSWHG E\ ÂľFRUHVÂś RU â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;seedsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; which themselves displace space within the public realm, creating a conscious dualism between ÂżJXUH DQG JURXQG 6HHGV DUH WKHQ RUJDQL]HG DFFRUGLQJ to the practical and pragmatic routes that connect to existing socio-physical nodes surrounding the site.

All this allows for the future evolution of â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;cellsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; or

â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;units of habitationâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; decided by the evolving needs of the occupants and wholly dependent on their social, economical and physical resources; all in an attempt to foster a communal sense of ownership in a severely deprived inner-city area.

The presentation work and drawings demonstrates a rare graphical ability in collecting and presenting data, reinforcing the depth of thought and evident toil that lay behind this work. With regards to its overall ambition, with its carefully acknowledged utopian undertones the work feels alive and evolutionary, with a potential only bounded by the limits of communities working together in unison toward a common goal.â&#x20AC;&#x2122; Kristian Alexander Hyde 2010

/ 1:500 laser-cut model at highest density

WWW.SIMONWYNJAMES.COM

â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;EVOLUTIONARY MASTER PLANNINGâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; /44

/ exterior perspective at canal boat dock

/ conceptual models & fractal growth studies

/ long section & programmatic diagram

/ technical section

WWW.SIMONWYNJAMES.COM

‘EVOLUTIONARY MASTER PLANNING’ /45

/ OVERVIEW It is clear that the area is in need of urban regeneration; however a â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;total designâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; approach or a Bilbao moment would result in an engineered society which is completely unsupportable in an area that changes as rapidly as this. The Councilâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s efforts have been directed at the City Centre; however the focus here is on the local environment. In order to accommodate this social change and cultural change, a mixed used urban regeneration scheme is in need. A large proportion of WKH VFKHPH VKRXOG VXSSRUW WKH Ă&#x20AC;XFWXDWLRQ LQ LQKDELWDQWV RI WKH DUHD ZLWK IRFXV RQ Ă&#x20AC;H[LELOLW\ +RZHYHU IRFXV LV needed to create opportunities to support the interests of the local community, which some have expressed as venues for entertainment such as music. This is

very relevant to the culture of music of Birmingham and supports the need for reintroducing the industrial identity as the â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;environment was essential to creating this soundâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; Economic stability in the area would also EH EHQHÂżFLDO DV SDUW RI WKH UHJHQHUDWLRQ VFKHPH ZKLFK could include rentable shops, or small businesses that would support local produce. These elements however are still vulnerable in this relatively hostile environment, and will have little effect at preventing anti social behaviour. However, it should be considered that dedicated areas which are non-confrontational FRXOG KHOS FRQWURO WKLV VXFK DV GHGLFDWHG JUDIÂżWL ZDOOV treated as exhibitions, possibly with competitions.

Regardless, a mixed used regeneration scheme should support private spaces as well as opportunities to improve social interaction through the diverse culture.

/ BRICOLAGE / BRICOLEUR Inspired by the writings of Colin Rowe in Collage City, this explores the idea of an event governed by a collage of urban grain. As mentioned in the brief, the city should be able to grow and change through complex heterogeneous objects, supported by a nucleus or an event. It also refers to the sustainable concept of the â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Bricoleurâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;; using the resources of the area to grow and develop.

/ GROWTH Following on from the concept of Bricoleur, the concept of growth aims to respond very closely to the context of the site; not only physically but also socially, environmentally and economically. Dependant on the

situation at the given time, the urban development VKRXOG UHVSRQG WR WKLV DQG EH Ă&#x20AC;H[LEOH OLNH WKH DUHDV Ă&#x20AC;XFWXDWLQJ QDWXUH

/ REINTRODUCING INDUSTRY A concept closely related to the Bricoleur, this is an attempt to recover what was abandoned and reintroduce an identity to the site. Although the city is keen to forget its industrial history, the industrial image has rooted itself deep in the culture of its people.

This evolutionary master planning model is a growing community dependant on economic, social and physical resources of its context. Inspired

by John Fraserâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Evolutionary Architectureâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;, growth is governed by the idea of seeds and cells, of which the former

contain functions decided by its people, and the cells are housing modules that are borrowed and exchanged.

It has the capacity to accommodate from one to seven SHRSOH LQ VSHFLÂżF PRGXOH FRQÂżJXUDWLRQV DQG FDQ UHDFK D GHQVLW\ RI LQ IXOO JURZWK The aim is to support the Ă&#x20AC;XFWXDWLQJ QDWXUH RI WRGD\ÂśV FXOWXUH EH VHOI VXIÂżFLHQW and sustainable whilst establishing a sense of worth and pride.

/ section-perspective overview

WWW.SIMONWYNJAMES.COM

â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;EVOLUTIONARY MASTER PLANNINGâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; /46

/ strategy diagrams

WWW.SIMONWYNJAMES.COM

KLJK GHQVLW\ H[HPSODU SODQ

‘EVOLUTIONARY MASTER PLANNING’ /47

/ evolution animation video stills

WWW.SIMONWYNJAMES.COM

‘EVOLUTIONARY MASTER PLANNING’ /48