Semester Documentation - Graphic Design by Sindhura Ravindra

GRAPHIC DESIGN

Typography Image Making Production Process

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS My first semester here at National Institute of Design has been a truly enriching experience. I was exposed to many interesting aspects of design which are very crucial for me as a design student. The journey of this semester has allowed me to develop many skills which will take me a step ahead in both my professional and personal life. I would like to extend my humble gratitude to Dr. TridhaGajjar, Mr. Tarun Deep Girdher, Mrs. Mona Prabhu, Mr. Jagdish Kumar and to all the visiting faculties for inspiring me at every step and being patient with me while I learned from my own mistakes. I also feel greatly indebted to my batchmates and my seniors (both UG and PG) who have been very forthcoming in giving me feedbacks and inputs whenever and wherever I needed them. A heartfelt thankyou to the NID Print Labs, Dilip Bhai, Hasmukh Bhai, Sachin Bhai and everyone else who worked with us during the production course.

CONTENTS Typography

Image Making

Production Process

Picture By : Valji bhai Solanki

PG FOUNDATION 2016-17 5

Faculty: Mona Prabhu 2 week | 4 credits

TYPOGRAPHY

Image Making was our first module in graphic design. The course that ran for 2 weeks was taught by Mrs. Mona Prabhu. The course aimed to help us understand the basic elements of Typography Study of and practice with Type elements: Type styles, sizes, spaces, alignment. Study of typographical hierarchy and composition. The course had both theory and practical application. We studied the history of type, terminology, anatomy of type, typestyles, typefaces and fonts, letterspacing, kerning and tracking.

KERNING is the process of adding or subtracting space between specific pairs of characters based on thier shapes.

The shape of the type, it’s colour, it’s texture, it’s positioning makes a visual image stronger than the verbal qualities of that type.

TRACKING is the process of loosening or tightening a block of text.

Assignment 1 Using the letters of your first name or surname, draw out the letters to show three types of letterspacing - Tight, Normal, and Loose spacing. Do this exercise for both serif and sans serif typefaces.

Typefaces used for this exercise are Myriad Pro and Century.

Assignment 2 Write down your favourite Quote. Constraints: Use only black and white in the composition. Use only one typeface in one composition. Do not use any shadow or effects or gradient. Do not expand / condense / distort the type. Do not rotate type in any angle except 90Â° or -90Â°. Do not invert or reflect the type. Typefaces used (L-R) BigNoodleTitling, Erlan, Baskerville, Arial Rounded MT Bold, Bookman Old Style, and CentSchbook BT.

Keeping in mind the above constraints, compose the quote on a square sheet. Use three appropriate typefaces and interesting layouts

Assignment 3 Abstract Composition with letterforms: Select a pair of letterforms. Arrange them to make a visually interesting composition. Constraints: Use in 3 different sizes. Use only black letterforms, no colour, not reverse. No shadows, no outlines, no greys. Do not twist or distort or expand or condense type. Do not invert or reflect letterforms.

Typefaces used for this exercise are Gotham and Bodoni.

Assignment 4 Choose one text typeface and design a poster about the typeaface. Design a structure for a layout and make a display piece (a formal composition) that includes: The character set of the Regular style, A short description about its design, designer, year of launch, Class of the typeface. Main characteristics of letterforms. Any other information of relevance

Assignment 4A Choose two typefaces of the same family and conduct a comparitive analysis. Study the basic characters, distictive characters, the general differences in glyphs, differences in selected characters. Make notes on joints, endings, terminals, angle of stress, difference of thickness of thin and thick strokes, and any other visible characteristics. And document these details in a publication format. No Bracketed Serifs

Main strokes meet serifs at 90ยบ

Vertical axis of stress

Abrupt Contrast

BODONI DIDOT 90ยบ

Baseline Bodoni MT 95pt

Baseline Didot 95pt

Didot(100pt)

Bodoni (100pt)

xH 12

Horizontal Serifs on the baseline

X-height with the ascender height X Height - 13.6 mm Ascender Height - 23.4mm AH: XH - 1:0.58

X-height with the cap height X Height - 13.6 mm Cap Height - 23.1mm CH: XH - 1:0.58

xh xH

X-height with the ascender height X Height - 15.2 mm Ascender Height - 25.5mm AH: XH - 1:0.59

X-height with the cap height X Height - 15.2 mm Cap Height - 25.1mm CH: XH - 1:0.59

Assignment 5 Re-do your exercise 3 in colour. Use colour to bring out the best visual quality of the selected letters.

Assignment 6 Using a passage of 200- 250 words, make a compostition which best conveys the message in the text. Give a suitable heading, break up the text into appropriate components, highlight / differentiate / emphasise parts of text as required, make use of rules (lines) or boxes as desired, for additional effect, use enlarged letterforms or portions of text to illustrate or generate interest.

4th - 8th October, 2016

alpavirama

Asian Short & Documentary Film Festival 18 short stories from nearly as many tongues and people residing all over the South Asian sub-continent a moving feast of human experience and insight, in multifaceted image and sound. 1. Pottu (Tilak) by Aji Antony Alunkal 2. Edpa Kana (Going Home) by Niranjan Kumar Kujur 3. Kamuki (Sweetheart) by Christo Tomy 4. Sarus (Crane) by Kodapa Govindaraju 5. The Impasse by Mayuri Walke 6. Yathawat (As It Is) by Tribeny Rai 7. Naina by Mithila Hegde 8. Vaarsa (The Inheritance) by Shreyas Shrikant Chougule 9. Yahin Kahin Nahi (Coming, Going) by Karma Takapa 10. Baghwa by Srinjay Thakur 11. The Manliest Man by Anuj Gulati 12. Maach Bhajaa (Fish Fry) by Megha Bhaduri 13. Gavhankur (The Sapling of Wheat) by Vaibhav Raosaheb Hiwase 14. Face It by Aditya Pawar 15. E-thil (The Feeling Within) by Manoj Kshetrimayum 16. Ayina (The Mirror) by MD Touqir Islam 17. Kaisi Ho Laila (How are you Laila) by Naina Bhan

Jury

18. Donated Life by Vedika Kruti

Sonal Dabral

Parthiv Shah

Bishwadeep Chatterjee

Karan Bali

Shilpa Das

Binod Paudel

12:00 PM Film Screening Imaging Bombay | CSA (India) | 26:35 Habitable Mountains | FOA (Japan) | 29:30 01:00 PM Lunch

12:00 PM Film Screening Madarsa | CSA (India) | 27:50 An Unusual Summer | FOA (China) | 29:00 01:00 PM Lunch

Day5 October 8, Saturday 10:30 AM Master Class : Editing The Documentary 12:30 AM Lunch Break 03:00 PM Seminar: Video On The Edge

CSA - Competition (South Asia) | FVC - NID Film & Video Retrospective | FSA - Tribute to Film South Asia, Nepal | FOA - Focus on Asia | LCP - Looking China Package (SRFTI) Documentary Fiction

Assignment 7 Design a poster for Alpavirama which includes all the relevant details like the people involved, jury members, schedule of the event etc. The poster should be informatory and comprehensive, making the best possible use of available space by using appropriate grids for the layout.

I decided to work with the Pepperico sauce bottle packaging.

I tried to take cues from the existing label to redesign it. The typefaces used are DIN Condensed Bold, CentSchbook BT, DIN Alternate Bold, Franklin Gothic Demi Cond, and Bodoni BT Italic.

Assignment 8 Make a layout for a food package / juice carton / processed food product, the size of which is about A4 or less. Choose one that has dense text. Analyse and make a mental note of problems and areas where typography can improve its appearance as well as clarity of content.

LEARNING Typography is something I was always interested in, hence I was quite excited about this course. We learned about basic typography, the history of type, evolution of type, layout basics, type styles, sizes, spaces, alignment, establishing hierarchy and composition in type. Through learning the terminology of type I was able to start using type language as a tool for visual communication. The assignments that were given in this course helped me realise how typefaces can be incorporated in various projects. Through this course I was able to start forming an informed opinion about typefaces and their construction.

IMAGE MAKING Faculty: Dr. Tridha Gajjar 3 week | 6 credits

Image Making was our second graphic design module. The course, taught by Dr.TridhaGajjar, ran for a duration of three weeks. The course aimed at helping us learn integrating two or more similar and contrasting forms, work on the integration of typographic elements and explore various methods of translating a verbal concept into a visual message.

Assignment 1 Choose a typeface or a combination of typefaces that you think suits your personality. Use your intials in the chosen typeface and integrate them together in order to create a cohesive and balanced form.

The typeface I picked for this assignment was Baskerville

Did multiple explorations to integrate the two letter forms.

Enlarged the chosen integration by drawing it on an A3 sheet and refined the form with multiple iterations keeping in mind the weights of the two forms and balance.

Assignment 2 Select one object ( man made or natural ) which represents or reflects the dominant characteristics in your personality. Simplify this object with minimal representation and Integrate the object with the initial letter of your name. Dogs

Cycle

Bell

Watermelon

Sindhura

Tambourine

Filter Coffee

Polaroid Camera Crab - Cancerian

I listed the charecteristics that represent me and then according to the list, ideated on the objects.

Explorations of forms with varying typefaces and objects in combinations with each other.

I redrew the chosen integration on an A3 and iterations were made till a well composed form was derived.

Assignment 3 Select one overarching theme. Pick one object which can depict the chosen theme. Simplify the chosen object. Use the same object to make 2 posters, one poster in black and white using the simplfied form of the object and the other poster using the same object but no other constraints. Under the same theme using the same object, design a pictogram to be used in a signage or any instruction.

Observed toffees with two types of wrappers - foil and paper and clicked pictures of the same.

The theme I decided to work with in this assignment was LGBT rights. To work with the chosen context, the object that I picked was a toffee. I observed the chosen object from different angles with play of light and shadow on the object. Selected a particular angle in a specific light condition and clicked a picture. Then based on the chosen picture started to simplify the same.

Simplified both objects roughly in order to understand which of the two would be a better choice.

I redrew the chosen form on an A3 and iterations were made till a well composed form was derived.

We were required to make two posters, one black and white and one colour poster on the chosen theme. Since my theme was LGBT Rights, I decided to make both my posters using the tagline â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Orientation is not a choice.â&#x20AC;&#x2122;

LEARNING The image making module was very exciting, I learned something new with each assignment. I realised that the first idea is not necessarily the best idea and one needs to explore more ideas as one progresses. I also begun to understand how balance and composition work in one form and in a combination of multiple forms.

PRODUCTION PROCESS

Anchor Faculty: Dr. Tridha Gajjar Visiting Faculty: Mr. Bharat Suthar 2 weeks | 6 credits 29

Production Process was a 2 week long module. This course was taught by Mr. Bharat Suthar and Dr. Tridha Gajjar was the anchor faculty. The primary objective of this course was to introduce us to the different printing methods and equip us with all the information one needs about printing as a Graphic Designer, such as - colour, paper, inks and publishing. Printing is a process of production of text and images, typically with ink on paper using a printing press. We learned that printing is broadly classified into Conventional (Impact) and Unconventional (Non-impact) printing. The different methods of conventional printing are letterpress, lithography, gravure, and screen printing.The types of Unconventional (Nonimpact) printing processes are Electrophotography or Xeroxography, Ionography Magnetography, Inkjet Thermography, and Photography. We also studied about the multiple types of presses.

Each printing process can be divided into three major steps: Pre- press: Prepress operations encompass that series of steps during which the idea for a printed image is converted into an image carrier such as a plate, cylinder, or screen. Prepress operations include composition and typesetting, graphic arts photography, image assembly, and image carrier preparation. Press: Refers to the actual printing operations. Post- press: Post- press primarily involves the assembly of printed materials and consists of binding and finishing operations.

CMYK or Subtractive Primaries Model

RGB or Additive Primaries Model

We studied about Printing inks and how they are divided according to thier viscocity. Liquid inks are employed in gravure and flexo printing, while paste inks are used in letterpress and lithography. Screen inks are intermediate between paste and liquid inks. Basically, all printing inks are made up of Colourant, Vehicle (Or Varnish), Solvent, and Additives.

Colour and light are so closely related that it is impossible to have one without the other. The third part of this system is the observer. Colour is a combination of the physical sensation of light and the psychological interpretation of it. We learned that there are multiple colour models once can use when printing. RGB Colour Model or Additive Primaries, CMYK Colour Model or Subtractive primaries, L*a*b Colour Model, HSB Colour Model, Spot Colour, Hexachrome Printing, Process Colour. We studied the behaviour of printing inks on paper and about the Gamut of these colour models with respect to each other.

Paper is an essential substrate used for printing. We learned that it can be classified as uncoated, coated, and matte paper. International paper sizes like the A-series, B-series, and C-series were discussed. It is also essential to understand paper grains and grammage in order to decide the specifications for print. Imposition and Binding were also taught and discussed as a part of this course.

Assignment 1 - Poster Design Finished Size - 13.125 X 17.5 inches Background printing method - Offset Printing (single colour) Foreground printing method - Screen Printing (single colour) Understand the printing process and design the poster accordingly and make print ready files keeping in mind the two printing methods.

We used text to understand how offset printed text looks. Screen printed a thin border made of halftone dots to see how halftone looks in screen printing and if tiny dots will translate well on print and to explore the constraints of registration. The shadow of the stamp is made of two layers, a solid orange (offset) and blue dots (screen), to observe the effect when overlaid on each other. Gray scale image printed in offset. Half tone dots printed in offset. Solid colour printed in offset. Half tone lines printed in offset.

Orange areas printed in offset.

Blue areas printed in offset.

Assignment 2 - Book Binding Binding books using the three methodsPad Binding Perfect Binding Centre Stitching with Hard Binding Understand the printing process and design the poster accordingly and make print ready files keeping in mind the two printing methods. PAD BINDING

PERFECT BINDING

CENTRE STITCH - HARD BINDING

LEARNING Learning from doing is a very effective learning method. In production process, we first learned and understood the theory realted to Pre-press, Press and Post-press and then made our own posters and books which made me understand the entire process of printing a lot better. Our faculty was quite patient with us since all of us were learning at our own speeds and hence we were able to learn a lot of little nuances of printing from him.

SPECIFICATIONS Page Dimensions A5 - 148 X 210 mm Headline Typeface Avenir LT Std 95 Black, set in 10pt Body Text Typeface Avenir LT Std 45 Book, set in 10 pt and 8pt Avenir was designed by Adrian Frutiger in 1988.