BE., PGPM
PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION I am Siva Subbiah completed my civil engineer graduate from RMK Engineering College, Chennai & my PG in Construction Project management from NICMAR, Pune. I am not that much experienced to right about project & site management in civil engineering field which is the topmost & old profession in this universe. This book contains the Words from my mind & soul with my just 5 years of experience in my profession.
After completion of my gradation, I feel like, till I was able to prove me only as “civil engineering graduate” but not as “civil engineer”. Like me many professional experience the same. Most of the engineers profiles are rated by their CTC’s not by their Innovations, profession, experience & their contribution to our Countries infrastructure development. After our graduation, the books we rode day & night helped us just to clear our exams but also our innovative engineering ideas. Engineering just become a education for a degree holding. Our present education system not creating innovative and creative generation to improve the man kind. I am requesting this generation to make revolution to change this. With my few years experience I made a guide What is Project Management ? What is site Management ? in my known English. I feel sorry if my words against grammar. - S. Siva Subbiah
ROLE OF A PROJECT MANAGER A Project manager is responsible for the one-time and on-budget completion of the development project and typically works directly for the owner. Before construction begins, the Project Manager may be responsible for site selection and due diligence, securing the current zoning and entitlements, selecting contractors, and creating working schedule and budget. Once the project is underway, the Project Manager is the Owners representative on site, and it is their job to ensure the project is being built to the owners exact specifications. The focus will shift to scheduling contractors, processing change orders, and managing progress payments, In today’s World, where it is important to be conscious of the environment, a project manager must understand the impact of building materials on the environment during the entire construction process including waste management. The project manager will also be required to submit reports to the owner with updates on the progress and costs of the project. In as short way to explain, a PROJECT MANAGER, Supervise the Specifications, Controls the Quality & Standards, Save the Time & Money.
ROLE OF A SITE ENGINEER Role of construction site engineer depends on the type of work Involved and experience of site engineer in a construction project . The duties and responsibilities of a construction site Engineer are typically as follows, many of these will be delegated to other engineers on the site according to their experience and ability. Setting out the works in accordance with the drawings and Specifications with project planning engineer regarding construction programmes. Checking materials and work in progress for compliance with the specified requirements. Observance of safety requirements, resolving technical issues With employers representatives, suppliers, subcontractors, and Statutory authorities. Quality control in accordance with method statements, quality plans and inspection and test plans, all prepared by the project management team and by subcontractors. Liaising with company of project purchasing department ensure that purchase orders adequately define the specified requirements, supervising and counselling junior or trainee engineers. Measurement and valuation, providing data in respect of variation orders and site instructions. Finally‌. SITE ENGINEER is a engine for Project vehicle.
Fig 1 : PROJECT MANAGEMENT SCOPE MANAGER
RESOURCE ALLOCATOR
PROJECT
SITE ENGINEER
ENGINEERING TEAM
Fig 2 : PROJECT MANAGEMENT ROLE
PROJECT MOBILIZATION
SPECIFICATION
ESTIMATION
PROJECT MANAGEMENT & CONTROL
EXECUTION
RESOURCE ALLOCATION
PROJECT HANDING OVER
RECONSILLATION STUDY
BUDGET CONTROL
Fig 3 : PROJECT CYCLE
Fig 4 : PROJECT BALANCE
PROJECT METHODOLOGY While viewed from fig 1 to fig 4, It may easily portray what is project? What are its scope? What is the role & responsibility for successful completion of a project ? Let me discuss in detail in a flow of methodology.
1. ESTIMATION (Quantity Survey) When a project is approved by a client for direct execution or any opening of a tender, estimation & quantity survey is the first procedure to calculate the boq, scope, spec, budget, material, margin, brand & other resources. The Estimation finalize the cost of a project. For good estimation to avoid the loss of cost after completion of a project, following methodology should be considered during estimation, 1. 5% to 10% qty should be considered extra along with actual. Example if total concrete qty is 100 cum + 10% = 110 cum should be finalized. During execution it is best to control it within actual qty. 2. 10% to 20% of rate should considered with present market material rate based on the completion of schedule. Example if the present cement bag rate is Rs. 400 + 20% = Rs. 480. Based on the past market study & experienced professionals it can be fixed. 3. Over head costs like temporary site office building cost, fuel cost, transportation cost, site engineers or project employees salary should considered which is excluding the margin value.
While preparing the estimation it is good to divide the estimation value stage wise for better budgeting of project. PLOT & CENTRE LINE MARKING
FOUNDATION EXCAVATION FOOTING RAISING STAGE 1
FOUNDATION
GRADE BEAM & PLINTH BEAM BASEMENT FILLING ANTI TERMITE TREATMENT FLOORING BED PCC COLUMN RAISING
STAGE 2
SUBSTRUCTURE
SILL & LINTEL BEAM BRICK WORK BEAM & ROOF CENTERING
STAGE 3
ROOFING
ROOF CONCRETING ROOF DESHUTTERING CONCEALED ELEC/PLUMBING INNER & OUTER PLASTERING ELECTRICAL & PLUMBING FITTINGS
STAGE 4
BUILDING FINISHING
JOINERY FIXING FLOORING /DADOOING PAINTING ELEVATION WORK INTERIOR DESIGH WORK SEPTIC TANK/SOAK & LEACH PIT COMPOUND WALL & GATE FIXING
STAGE 5
PLOT FINISHING
SET BACK FILLING & TILES LAYING LANDSCAPE & GARDENING HOUSE KEEPING & HANDING OVER
Estimation is the base line for a project for fixing the budget, spec, quality, stages of payment. It is best to do the estimation with a micro level stages. It is time consuming & little tedious, but it much helpful to calculate even a rate of small nail to forecast the project budgeting immediate during execution of any stages.
2. SCHEDULING A Project without schedule is like a ship sailing without knowing its direction and destination. Scheduling of a project with start & end date of activities with its predecessors helps to plan the required resources, budget cash flow for the project, organization budgeting. There are many scheduling software Primavera, MS Project available for advanced way of planning & scheduling the activity. But a good, systematic scheduling can be done by using MS Excel in a simple way as follows.
In the above image, a scheduling contains the description of works or work break down structure (WBS) , no of days for completion of an activity, start date & end date, in gantt chart view all the columns shows the calendar with month. In the graphical view of gantt chart , black color shows the planned schedule, green color shows the actual executed schedule, while vertical ash color shows the non-working days or Sunday’s. [ For format of scheduling to receive the soft copy of it, please feel free to email to subbiahinfrastructure@gmail.com ]
For better understanding about bar chart scheduling system one more illustration given above with few more details. As it is black horizontal line shows the planned schedule, green line shows the actual schedule, red line shows the no progress, while yellow line shows the delay or advance of completion of activity. Based on our idea & creativity, schedule reporting can be done any of our style.
PROCUREMENT SCHEDULE Other than the execution schedule, procurement schedule helps to remind to purchase the required resources on time as per the activity schedule, since material plays the major role for completion of project on time. A procurement schedule can be made as follows
Based on the above fig for procurement bar chart, example shown for aggregates with activity qty wise & stage wise with delivery date of material 7 days before of the activity start date. It can be altered in any manner based on the planning engineer requirement.
3. PROJECT MONITORING & CONTROL After completion of estimation & scheduling, next is the major part of the project management is the execution of the project. The proper monitoring & controlling while executing the project because it should done within the estimated qty & planned schedule. The Project monitoring & controlling system can be made by implementing DPR (Daily Progress Report) system. The DPR should covers the follows : Day progress measurement in LBD and total qty execution of day Consumption of materials like cement, electrical,plumbing materials. Manpower or Manday along with their workman ship (Example : if Brick work done, how many masons & helpers involved in the work qty of brick work done in how many hours of time.
Is it the work progress is as per the schedule, the future plans to complete the task and constraints or disturbances to complete the task as scheduled.
CONCLUSION The motto of this to guide fresher's and professionals in practical approach to understand site & project management. Because the books and articles in online not suitable to guide professionals.
DPR sample format
Author Profile Name : S. Siva Subbiah (a) Vicky D.O.B : 28th Sep 1988 Permanent Resident : Tirunelveli , South TamilNadu, India Education Qualification : BE Civil Engineering – Anna University PGPM – NICMAR Professional Experience : 5 years ( 2010 graduated Passed Out)
Contact Details : e-mail : subbiahinfrastructure@gmail.com vikkiinfra@gmail.com Social Network : Facebook Page https://mbasic.facebook.com/builthindustan?_e_pi_=7%2CPA GE_ID10%2C7934606673 Blog : www.indiabuilt.blogspot.com