Issue 140 - Tidbits of Sheridan and Johnson Counties

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Sept. 5 - 11, 2016

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Q: What’s another word for a murderer who kills old ladies?

A: A Killergran!

TIDBITS® CONSIDERS BAD GUYS

by Janet Spencer There are many words in the English language that pertain to criminals. Come along with Tidbits as we tell the story behind those names!

DECEITFUL TRAVELERS • In the mid-1300s, a Mafia-like fraternity arose in India. For centuries, this organized band of thieves specialized in robbing and murdering travelers. They were not interested in single travelers as much as they were interested in large caravans, which carried much more loot.

• Members of this criminal underclass were trained in discipline and deceit. Their tactic involved having members of their band join the travelers in order to gain their trust while acting as spies. As the journey continued, more robbers would infiltrate, lulling the travelers into a false sense of security.

• Eventually the caravan would settle in for the night where the terrain made it easy to attack and difficult to escape. While the group was sound asleep, the deceitful travel companions would call their compatriots to attack. Taken by surprise, the innocent travelers would be overwhelmed by the military precision which the gang employed.

• This group of bandits wreaked havoc in India for centuries. Not until the British arrived in the 1800s was the group challenged, overcome, and disbanded.

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DECEITFUL TRAVELERS (cont’) • The name of this stealthy and coordinated fraternity of assassins originated from the Hindu word for thief or deceiver, “thag,” and the crimes they committed were called acts of “thuggee.” Today a modified version of that word has come into English meaning a criminal who attacks innocent people: A thug.

A GERMANIC TRIBE • Long ago an East Germanic tribe lived on the shores of the Danube River. Around the year 400 AD, they began to move west, possibly because they had been attacked by Huns. They were led by King Godigisel.

• When they reached the Rhine River, they met resistance. A battle ensued. They won the fight, but Godigisel was killed.

• His son, Geiseric (meaning “spear king”) took over. Over the next 50 years, King Geiseric turned this littleknown tribe into a major power. They crossed the Rhine and invaded Gaul, which they looted. Then they wreaked havoc across Spain. From there, the entire tribe of 80,000 crossed the Strait of Gibraltar and invaded North Africa, pillaging and plundering along the way. In the year 438 A.D. they took the ancient Phoenician city of Carthage by entering the city when everyone was attending races. Geiseric led his people in conquering Sicily, Sardinia, and Corsica.

• Then they sacked Rome. Pope Leo the Great pleaded with Geiseric to refrain from murdering the people or burning the buildings. Geiseric stole all the treasure and took the Empress hostage, along with her daughters.

• Geiseric continued to lead his tribe until his death in the year 477 A.D. Following his death, his vast empire quickly crumbled. Today Geiseric’s people are remembered because the name of this East Germanic tribe now denotes someone who willfully destroys or defaces property. The tribe was known as the Vandals.

A MEAN MAN • According to the legend, Patrick was never a very nice guy. He arrived in London in the late 1800s and hired himself out as a bouncer. From there, he graduated to mugging people, racketeering, and vandalism.

Then he organized a street gang and his influence was felt throughout the slums of London. Eventually, he killed a cop and went to prison for life, dying behind bars years later.

• In 1899 a writer named Clarence Rook wrote a book which followed the life of a typical street punk, describing life in the slums from a criminal’s point of view. Clarence was a journalist, a novelist, and a writer of short sketches that depicted London in a realistic light. His book offered an irreverent depiction of the lifestyle of a working-class thug. Patrick was a central character in Clarence’s story. The book was very popular.

• No one is really sure whether the book was fiction or fact, or whether Patrick was a real person or not. One way or the other, however, Patrick’s last name came into our language meaning a tough, aggressive, or violent youth. Soon the word was being used in police reports, newspaper articles, and even in a Sherlock Holmes story. Today it is still commonly used to describe someone who causes mayhem or disturbances, particularly regarding rowdy and unruly behavior surrounding sporting events. Patrick’s last name was Hooligan, and the book Clarence wrote was called “Hooligan Nights.”

A SAN FRANCISCO THUG • According to legend, a man named Muldoon led a gang of street thugs that kept the entire waterfront area of San Francisco under their tight control in the 1870s. A newspaper wanted to end their tyranny but was so intimidated by the gang that they dared not use Muldoon’s real name. They spelled it backwards and changed the N to an H, and “hoodlum” entered the language.

A CONTEST WINNER • During Prohibition in 1924, a wealthy banker from Massachusetts named Delcevare King backed the Prohibition laws and was angry that people blatantly broke the no-liquor rules. He decided to sponsor a contest to come up with a new name to describe “a lawless drinker of illegally made or illegally obtained liquor,” offering the substantial sum of $200 in prize money (worth about $2,775 today).

• Because King was a graduate of Harvard, the editors of the school newspaper promoted the contest and followed the results with interest. King was quoted as saying, “People can poke fun at the idea that the violator of law is a menace to the government, but after all, law is the basis of government.”

• He hoped that his contest would result in coining a new term that was so stinging it would turn people away from drink. He received over 25,000 entries submitted by more than 6,000 people.

• The winning entry was submitted by two people, and they split the prize money. Most people, especially linguists, thought the new word would never catch on, and an editor of Funk & Wagnalls dictionary commented that the term, “widely publicized several months ago as the term applied to those who violate the prohibition laws, is fast fading.”

• However, the new prize-winning word survived and is now a common term denoting a petty criminal who flaunts the rules or ignores regulations, or refuses to show up in court for minor violations. The word is scofflaw, one who scoffs at the law.

IN EXILE • The words “banned,” “banished,” “bandit,” and “bandito” all spring from the Italian word “bandire” meaning “to exile.” That became the Germanic word “bannan” which applied to their practice of banning, or exiling, all bandits.

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Of Sheridan & Johnson Counties

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Tidbits® of Sheridan and Johnson Counties

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PET OF THE WEEK! Grayson is our cat of the week at Second Chance Sheridan Cat Rescue! Grayson is a young, sweet domestic short hair that loves to cuddle and play! For more information about Grayson or any other adoptable cat, please call 307-461-9555 or visit http://sheridancatrescue.org.

PAW’S CORNER

By Sam Mazzotta

PHRASE FACTS • When wool is dyed before it is spun into yarn, it keeps its color much longer. Thus, the expression “dyed in the wool.”

• A small spot behind the ears of newborn animals is the last spot on the hide to dry after birth. So anyone who is still “wet behind the ears” isn’t very mature yet.

• In the 1500s the French played a game similar to backgammon that was called “lourche.” The player who was falling behind in the game was “left in the lourche,” today known as being “left in the lurch.”

• In the first century B.C., the Parthians conquered many nations by using a new battle ploy. They would turn away from the enemy, feigning defeat.

But as they fled, they would turn around and shoot arrows at their pursuers. The maneuver was called a “Parthian shot” which today is known as “a parting shot.”

• In the 1600s when craftsmen finished making a pitcher, they filled it with water to see if it held water.

Nowadays we speak of an idea that “doesn’t hold water.”

• When folks want to hide the fact that they’re laughing, they cover their mouth with their arm, resulting in what is known as “laughing up their sleeves.”

• In the days of knights in shining armor, some knights would go from town to town offering themselves and their lances for hire. They were the first “free lancers.”

• When a chicken is placed on a butchering block, it will naturally stick its neck out, making it easier for the butcher to cut its head off. Therefore it’s pretty dangerous to go around “sticking your neck out.”

• Mustard had always been popular, but often the mustard on the market was of poor quality or had been adulterated. This led to the phrase “to be the proper mustard” which has evolved into “it doesn’t cut the mustard.” (continued on last page)

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Caring for Stray Cats --DEAR PAW’S CORNER: I have a couple of stray cats that I put out food for each day. They must live in the woods behind my house. IÕve tried to lure them inside so I can take them to the vet to get spayed or neutered, but theyÕre too wary for that. Ultimately IÕd like to take them in as pets. Is that realistic?

-- Gary in Tampa, Florida DEAR GARY: Taming a feral cat -- and these two appear to be feral from your description -- is really unlikely. The fact that they come around for food at the same time every day is pretty good, but I donÕt think youÕll ever get them to the point where they will be relaxed, indoor cats.

However, getting them spayed or neutered is a good idea. So how do you manage to do that when they wonÕt come inside?

First, you can contact the local shelter or a veterinarian to find out if this is feasible. For example, a university study in central Florida lasting several years looked at the local feral cat population, as well as the effects of a trap-and-release program in which cats were spayed or neutered and released back into their roaming territory. A similar program could be available in your area, although you may need to trap the cats yourself (by luring them into a live trap with food, for example) and bring them in for treatment.

Bringing feral cats into a household with tame housecats can be a recipe for disaster. Territorial spats, potential diseases and other problems could quickly arise. For now, feeding these cats and trying to get them medical care to keep the feral cat population from growing is a good thing to do.

Send your questions or pet care tips to ask@pawscorner.com. (c) 2016 King Features Synd., Inc.

Amazing Animals CHICKENS • The chicken is probably the most common bird in the world, with around 25 billion world-wide. They outnumber humans by about 4 to 1.

• Modern day chickens originated with wild Asian jungle fowl, a member of the pheasant family. They were domesticated about 8,000 years ago.

• Over 4,000 years ago ancient Egyptians built incubators capable of housing 10,000 chicks.

• The oldest chicken known was 22 years old. Chickens can easily live to the age of 7, though the chickens for sale in the grocery store are slaughtered at the age of 5 to 8 weeks old.

• At any given time there are over 450 million chickens in the U.S. Americans consume 8 billion chickens per year.

• Americans eat more than 90 lbs. of poultry per person each year, plus an average of 250 eggs.

• In the 1930s, the average American hen laid 121 eggs per year. Today, they’re up to about 217 eggs annually.

• The world record for egg-laying by a chicken is held by a white leghorn in Sri Lanka, who laid 17 eggs in six hours in 1967. Another record was set when a white leghorn laid 371 eggs in 364 days.

• Marigolds have routinely been dried, powdered, and fed to chickens to make egg yolks look more yellow.

• The yolk has 59 calories, and the white has only 16.

• Brown eggs and white eggs are identical nutritionally. Only two kinds of chickens out of the thousands of varieties lay white eggs. If a chicken has red ear lobes, it will lay brown eggs; if the ear lobe is white, it lays white eggs.

• During World War II when eggs were scarce, researchers in the British Isles tasted other bird eggs trying to find a successful substitute. In blind taste tests, the hen’s egg received the highest rating, followed by a three-way tie between the coot, moorhen, and gull. At the bottom of the list were the eggs of the warbler and wren.

• If human babies grew as fast as chickens, a newborn baby would weigh about 600 pounds (272 kg) by the age of two months.

• About half of all chicken sold are processed into patties, burgers, strips, and so forth.

• Do male chickens taste different than female chickens? Yes, male chickens taste stronger than female chickens. Old chickens are more flavorful than young chickens.

• Chicken will lay fewer eggs as they grow older, but the eggs will be larger.

• Chickens have over 30 different kinds of vocalizations for communication.

• The chicken is the closest living relative to the great Tyrannosaurus rex.

• Chickens dream. They can see in full color and their eyesight is sharper than a human’s. They can recognize more than 100 other chickens and also recognize human faces.

• A mother hen will turn her eggs about 50 times a day.

• A female chicken is called a pullet until she is old enough to lay eggs, when she is called a hen.

• Chickens have more bones in their necks than giraffes. They have three eyelids and can run up to 9 mph (14 km/hr).

• There are about 175 separate species of chickens.

• Chickens don’t pee. It is just mixed into the poop, which is the case with most birds.

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PHRASE FACTS (cont’d) • At harness races held at local county fairs, the horses were sometimes too eager to start the race and would often break ranks and head down the track before the race began. It was important that the riders be able to keep their horses under control. This resulted in the phrase “hold your horses.”

• Witches on secret errands for the devil would depart from their homes on a broomstick after dark so they wouldn’t be detected. This gave us the expression “fly-by-night.”

• In some parts of England, “dander” meant anger, so “to get your dander up” was literally to become angry.

• A century ago shirts were not as well fitted as they are today, and most men found that a nice looking shirt would tend to restrict the movement of the arms somewhat. Therefore when a fist fight was imminent, the first order of business was to remove the shirt to have better swinging power. Today when someone gets antsy we tell them to “keep your shirt on.” • In the 1500s one’s property boundary would be indicated by a line cut by a plowshare across the field. Now that’s where we “draw the line.”

• Beasts of burden and other animals have historically been led about by means of a ring in the nose to which a leash is attached. Hence the phrase, “lead by the nose.”

• In days of old, carpets were fine and fancy and only put on the floors in rooms where the gentry resided. Generally the only time a subservient person would get to walk on a carpet was when they were being “called on the carpet” to be reprimanded in front of their wealthy employer. • The two ventricles of the human heart resemble the two valves of a mollusk known as a cockle; thus something pleasing “warms the cockles of our hearts.”

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Mike’s Electric, Inc. 43 East 5th St. Sheridan, WY 82801 Phone: 307-674-7373 Email: nathan@mikeselectricinc.com

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