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Autumn 2010
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sleek N°29 Paris / T exas
sleek N°29 Paris / T exas
Editorial
Content 72 23 Subscribe 24 Imprint 26 Contributors 28 See /S ay 34 Shortcuts 50
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I ❤ Paris Famous Parisians vent their spleen deutsch
Did you know that »Dallas« is making a comeback? The legendary TV show about tawdry life on a Texas ranch? We wouldn’t want you thinking we’re losing our touch, picking a theme for this issue that references a film that came out a quarter of a century ago. Wim Wenders’ Paris, Texas, exactly. Although the film really has nothing to do with Paris, and only very little with Texas. Which infuriated the people of Paris, it should be added. Not the French Parisians, but the inhabitants of the second largest Paris in the world (see p. 72). Their French counterparts also get infuriated – about their own city. City of love, lights, and accolades? Hardly. Paris can really piss you off, excuse my French, but even its own population will tell you so (p. 50). Yet there is no way of getting around the place when it comes to fashion (p. 94). People might be switching places in the couture houses right now like a game of musical chairs, but if you want to make a career here (p. 64) you have to be as brave as a bull rider and as patient as Prince Charles. Speaking of which: he and his family don’t only have fond memories of the French capital either. Recently, while passing the time with one of our favorite activities – shooting pigeons from the balustrade of our 14th floor balcony, lost in existential thought – we suddenly felt all Texan (p. 173). But that’s unfair, because guns are used just as much in other places. Switzerland, for example. And there, people even tend to shoot themselves, and more so than anywhere else in Europe (p. 164). Now you didn’t know that, did you? And you probably also didn’t know that lots of nineteenth century cowboys were black (p. 142), or where Ed Ruscha enjoys his Texas Barbecue (p. 62), or how you can see the world’s most famous monuments in one hour (p. 56). But that’s exactly why we’ve made this edition – from sleek with love,
Wußten Sie schon, daß Dallas wiederkommt? Die legendäre Fernsehserie über den typischen Alltag auf einer texanischen Ranch? Nicht, daß Sie denken, wir wären nicht am Puls der Zeit, weil wir für diese Ausgabe ein Thema gewählt haben, das sich auf einen über 25 Jahre alten Film von Wim Wenders bezieht. Genau, Paris, Texas. Wobei der Film ja gar nichts mit Paris zu tun hatte, und auch nicht wirklich viel mit Texas. Die Bewohner von Paris waren übrigens sehr sauer darüber. Nicht die Bewohner der französischen Hauptstadt, sondern die der texanischen Kleinstadt (siehe S. 72). Die französischen Pariser sind aber auch manchmal sehr sauer, nämlich auf ihre eigene Stadt. Von wegen Stadt der Liebe, der Lichter, der Lobeshymnen. Paris kann einem ziemlich auf den Sack gehen, excuse my French, aber das sagen ja sogar die Pariser selbst (S. 50). Trotzdem kommt man um diese Stadt immer noch nicht herum, wenn es um Mode geht (S. 94). Aber auch wenn sich das Personalkarussell der Couturehäuser gerade dreht, daß einem die Designer nur so um die Ohren fliegen: Wer hier Karriere machen will (S. 64), muß tapfer sein wie ein Bullenreiter und geduldig wie Prince Charles. Apropos – die Windsors verbinden ja auch nicht nur Schönes mit Paris. Als wir neulich wieder einer unserer Lieblingsbeschäftigungen nachgingen – Tauben von der Balustrade unserer Bürobalkons im 14. Stock schießen und dabei existentialistischen Gedanken nachhängen –, kamen wir uns auf einmal ziemlich texanisch vor (S. 173). Dabei wird in anderen Ländern viel mehr geschossen als in Texas. In der Schweiz zum Beispiel. Da schießen die Leute sogar vor allem auf sich selbst, mehr als alle anderen Europäer (S. 164). Das hätten Sie nicht gedacht, oder? Und sicher wußten Sie auch nicht, daß im neunzehnten Jahrhundert viele Cowboys schwarz waren (S. 142), wo Ed Ruscha sein texanisches Barbecue essen geht (S. 62), und wie man es schafft, die bekanntesten Sehenswürdigkeiten der Welt in einer Stunde zu besichtigen (S. 56). Aber deshalb haben wir diese Ausgabe ja gemacht – from sleek with love,
Annika von Taube
Photo © Maxime Ballesteros.
English
Annika von Taube 18
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Front Row The season’s most outstanding shows
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64
Zweifel Tower Agathe Snow takes us on a monumental trip
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Vive le Texas Ed Ruscha’s take on this issue’s theme
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Paris Match Three of the fashion capital’s rising stars talk shop
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Paris, Texas How the film by Wim Wenders enraged the inhabitants of a Texan town
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Fashion photography by Thomas Lohr
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Parisien Fashion photography by Markus Jans
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Special Delivery Still-life photography by Thomas Brown
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Dallas, France Fashion photography by Markus Pritzi
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134 La Cité
Fashion photography by Fred Jacobs
142 True Glitz
The origin of cowboy style
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148 Lost Trail
Andrea Robbins and Max Becher readjust cowboy history
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Texas tea party
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(Not so) still-life photography by Martin Klimas
all originals
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Happiness …is a warm gun 164
173 Texanity
Frank Rothe shoots clichés
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Inventory: 180 Berlin People 185 Berlin Places 192 Shaping the City 194 Studio Visit 198 The Collector – A serialized novel 200 The Further Chronicles of Anthony Haden-Guest 202 Further Reading 208 Index 210 Preview
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© 2011 adidas AG. adidas, the Trefoil, and the 3-Stripes mark are registered trademarks of the adidas Group.
The trigger-happy relationship of guns and art
sleek N°29 Paris / T exas
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sleek N°29 Paris / T exas
Contributors
Martin Klimas Photographer Martin Klimas has turned the tired cliché of »capturing the moment« into an art form. With technical perfection, Klimas’ camera captures movements that the human eye and brain are just too slow to process. Judging by his portfolio and gallery exhibitions, he seems to find a certain pleasure in destruction: there are plenty of pictures of porcelain being smashed to the ground or pierced by bullets. For this issue of sleek, Klimas photographed porcelain at the instant it was hit by a shotgun’s ammunition. We are extremely pleased with the results – and extremely sorry that his studio equipment got shattered in the process. Elisabeta Tudor and Cedric Viollet Elisabeta Tudor is the Paris correspondent for sleek, our sharp eyes and ears in the city of love, lights and fashion. Fluent in 20 languages including her mother tongue Rumanian, she works as a journalist and stylist for several publications, including Kunstzeitung, Clark, Indie Magazine and Blond. For this issue, Tudor teamed up with photographer Cedric Viollet to get three rising stars of the Paris fashion scene to talk shop about their métier. Viollet’s photographic approach blurs the lines between soft romanticism and sharp
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FILIUS Martin Schnabl Austrian graphic designer, illustrator and set designer FILIUS Martin Schnabl discovered his affinity for paper when studying architecture in Vienna. He likes to reduce images to their simplest, purest form: the one created by the play of light and shadow. Working exclusively with white paper, he makes reliefs like the ones in this issue’s »See/Say« section, a visualization of a quote by Honoré de Balzac. He uses only uncoated paper, so that his reliefs absorb their surroundings and turn yellow with time (as one look at our archive revealed, this won’t work with sleek’s paper). www.derfilius.at
extremes. An avid skater, he started photographing in 2001 and developed a distinctive abstract style that he applies in fashion photography as well as reportage and portraiture. The exquisite Bar Hemingway at the Ritz Hotel served as the perfect backdrop for this little get together, where the designers opened up to Tudor and Viollet, along with the bottles of wine.
Vernissage | June 14, 2011 | by invitation only Art Basel Conversations | June 15 to 19, 2011 | 10am to 11am Catalog order | Tel. +49 711 44 05 204, Fax +49 711 44 05 220, www.hatjecantz.de Follow us on Facebook and Twitter | www.facebook.com/artbasel | www.twitter.com/artbasel The International Art Show – Die Internationale Kunstmesse Art 42 Basel, MCH Swiss Exhibition (Basel) Ltd., CH-4005 Basel Fax +41 58 206 26 86, info@artbasel.com, www.artbasel.com
u
sleek N°29 Paris / T exas
See/Say
See/Say This issue’s quote illustrated by FILIUS Martin Schnabl
»The provinces are provinces; they are only ridiculous when they mimic Paris« – in 1840, Honoré de Balzac put these lofty words into the mouth of an uppity city character in Pierette, a novel from his multivolume Comédie Humaine collection portraying French society in the period of the Restoration and the July Monarchy. More than a century and a half later, the provincial dreams of grandeur ridiculed here con28
tinued to flash »country mouse«. However, with globalization and the increasing flexibility of national identity, a Hamburg-born designer can sit atop the fashion pyramid in Paris, and a bodybuilder from the tiny Austrian village of Thal can become governor of California. But, as illustrator FILIUS Martin Schnabl shows, we cling to things that are easy to identify and readily consumed. 29
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See/Say
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Structure / Chaos sleek N°29 Paris / T exas
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Shortcuts
Shortcuts
The Mickey Mousetrap
Want to go somewhere exciting, but no time to travel? Take a shortcut. Our selection of stuff related to this issue’s theme will transport you directly to Paris or Texas – wherever these places may be…
8 Seconds
Bull riding is not only the most popular of all rodeo shows, it’s also the most dangerous. To qualify, the rider needs to remain on the bull for a minimum of eight seconds. Hobby riders can practice at the local sleaze bar or, as Texas-born artist Matt Willard demonstrates, on the playground bull – here, however, the challenge will be less about qualifying for a rodeo than enduring irritated mothers’ frowns. Matt Willard, from the series »Eight«, 2010. 2 series of 8 photographs (left »Series 1«, right »Series 2«), C-print, 45 × 30 cm each. Courtesy the artist.
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Performance artist Murray Gaylard’s work centers on stereotypes of race, gender and cultural difference. In his performance There’s no place like home (or at least a place that resembles it), 2009, Gaylard traveled to Disneyland Paris in a slightly ridiculous Mickey Mouse costume to examine the extent to which our country of birth shapes our self-identity. In transitional situations, in airports, tourist traps or when living abroad, the things we bring from home become more accentuated, whether consciously or not. Is our comfort zone the place where we feel least foreign? Mickey Mouse, at least, must feel uncomfortable everywhere, except for Disneyland perhaps. But has it ever occurred to you that Mickey Mouse doesn’t have a home there?
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Shortcuts
sleek N°29 Paris / t exas
Photo © Stefan Gbureck.
Road Movie
There are more convenient ways to travel than hitchhiking, and definitely more reliable ones. Experienced hitchhikers know to keep in mind that on the road, the journey is the destination no matter whether they want to reach the next village or the next state. If you’ve ever stood for hours on a highway entrance ramp, petrified by the cold, with paralytic symptoms in the outstretched arm that’s holding a soggy cardboard sign, with the prospect of spending the night on a park bench, you know how great it feels to see a car stop. Any car. When it comes to hitchhiking, »the best or nothing« just isn’t the right strategy. But this is exactly the strategy that Stefan Gbureck applied. For 17 days, the street photographer and performance artist hitchhiked through Europe, cross-
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ing five countries in 30 cars, all of the same make: Mercedes-Benz. To achieve this he let numerous opportunities pass, but regardless of the restrictions he put on his means of transport, he did meet the most diverse range of people. The result of this experiment is a road movie of sorts, a photographic auto-documentation (thanks to auto-timer and tripod) of a journey without destination. Barcelona put an end to his trip. Why it happened to be Barcelona, his documentary doesn’t reveal. Maybe because it was there that he met a classy S-Class complete with chauffeur, and he knew: »The Best« can’t get better than this. www.tramp-a-benz.com
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Totally Fort Worth It
Fig. 2 Fig. 3
BERLIN
PARIS Fig. 1 Fig. 7
Fig. 4
TEXAS
Fig. 5
Fig.6
Z A H N A R Z T P R AX I S
B e AT e S l o m I N S k I Fig. 1 It’s Totally Fort Worth It and Too Hot Pink to Hold ‘Em nail polish from OPI’s 2011 Texas Collection. www.opi.com Fig. 2 Karla Fox, Gun Pendant, from the Cutthroat collection. www.karlafox.com Fig. 3 Stars & Stripes Snakeskin Lips clutch by Lulu Guinness. www.luluguinness.com Fig. 4 Parisien, Kitsuné’s latest compilation featuring the cream of the new Parisian music scene. www.kitsune.fr Fig. 5 Timmy Woods, Flag II handbag, from the Americana collection. www.timmywoods.com Fig. 6 Bullet Bracelet by Astali, from the Tex Astali collection. www.astali.com Fig. 7 The MINI Scooter E Concept is fully electric, just plug in and take off. The best way to get around the city, not only in Paris. www.minispace.com
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ludwIgkIRcHSTRASSe 14 – ecke FASANeNSTRASSe 10719 BeRlIN Tel. & FAX: +49 30 881 20 51 ZAHNAeRZTINBeRlIN.com
Hyper Real
sleek N°29 Paris / t exas
Travel companions
Fig. 4
Art and America around 1970
13.03. – 19.06.2011
Fig. 1
Chuck Close, Richard, 1969. Ludwig Forum Aachen. Foto Ellen Page Wilson.
Fig. 3
Fig. 2
Fig. 1 This garment bag made of a parachute is big enough to cover your life. Kris van Assche for Eastpak, FW 2011/12. www.eastpak.com Fig. 2 Origami to go: Orishiki suitcase (prototype) by Royal College of Art graduate Naoki Kawamoto. Photo © ÅFÅ@Hitomi. www.naokikawamoto.com Fig. 3 The limited edition of the iconic accessory, reinterpreted by French designer Sakina M’sa for Puma, comes in »Bleu de Travail«, inspired by the colour of French workers’ outfits. www.puma.com Fig. 4 Christina Kruse, sleek Edition No 1, 2010. Silk scarf, digital and silkscreen print, 110 × 110 cm, ed. 50, € 185,- (shipping within Europe included / € 12,- worldwide). For further information and to order, send an email to annasophie@sleekmag.com!
Ludwig Forum Aachen Supported by
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www.ludwigforum.de
sleek N°29 Paris / t exas
A Paris Hilton reservation
Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 1 Viktor Mitic, Paris, from the »Art or War Series«, 2009. Acrylic on canvas, bullet holes, 142 × 102 cm. Courtesy Gallery Moos, Toronto. Fig. 2 Martin Denker, MedicineSquareGarden (ParisHiltonSyndrom), 2007. C-print. Courtesy the artist and Bruce Silverstein Gallery, NY. Fig. 3 Daniel Edwards, Paris Hilton Autopsy, 2007. Clay, lifesize. Produced for the Campaign to Rescue Women of Youth. Fig. 4 Jonathan Yeo, Paris, 2008. Collage, 54 × 4 2 cm. Courtesy the artist and Lazarides, London. Paris Hilton has catapulted sweet idleness to an internationally recognized art form. While other celebrities need to promote their latest films, albums or rehabs, Paris only needs to present herself. A perfectionist at staging her public appearances, her persona has infiltrated every realm of popular culture and inspired many a visual artist to create high art on a not-so-high subject. Using Paris as a muse is a risky business; blurring the boundaries between irony and seriousness, Paris is a master at getting away with the benefit of a doubt. Any artworks trying to capture her essence need be equally elusive.
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sleek N°29 Paris / t exas
From Paris to Texas
Fig. 1
Fig.2
Fig. 3
Fig. 5
Fig. 4
Fig. 1 City Tight Eiffel Tower by House of Holland, for towering long legs. Fig. 2 Paris T-shirt by 5Preview, available on www.styleserver.de, and Les femmes se révoltent T-shirt by Passarella Death Squad, Spring-Summer 2011. Fig. 3 Eiffel Tower Bag with Crystals by Timmy Woods, from the Crystallized collection. Fig. 4 Dead Wood Creek pullover and Celebration Day Condor poncho from Moonchild’s 2011 FW collection, will keep you safe and warm in the wide open prairies. Fig. 5 Hats and poncho inspired by traditional Native American weavers spotted in Siki Im’s 2011 FW collection.
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Fig. 4
Fig. 6
Fig. 5
Fig 1,2. Tom Dixon’s Comet Lamp, referencing a comet that was observed in the Champagne region in 1811, the year modern champagne making was introduced. Fig 3. Pierre Marie’s Birdsong ice jacket. Fig 4. Karim Rashid’s Loveseat, his first design for Veuve Clicquot. Fig 5. Gloriette by Fernando and Humberto Campana. Fig 6. Mathieu Lehanneur’s sleep capsule Once Upon A Dream. Veuve Clicquot recently opened their very own Maison Veuve Clicquot at the Hôtel du Marc in Reims, a restored 1840 edifice with a newly added gloriette, a traditional French garden structure, by Brazilian design brothers Fernando and Humberto Campana. This is not only the perfect location for early evening champagne tastings, it also continues the merry widow’s long tradition of most illuminating design endeavors in collaboration with designers who, as international as they may be, all take a very French (read romantic) approach to their tasty contributions.
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Dialog: Heinz Mack (Künstler) Knut Urban (Physiker) Moderation: Andreas Lange
30. MÄRZ, 19 UHR LICHT, FARBE, RAUM
WAS SEHEN WIR WIRKLICH? Vortrag: Andreas Bauer (Neurowissenschaftler)
5. APRIL, 19 UHR
HEINZ MACK, FEUER IN DER WÜSTE, 1968 © VG BILD-KUNST, BONN 2011, FOTO: HEINZ MACK
HEINZ MACK LICHT–RAUM–FARBE 18.3.– 10.7.2011 IN BONN KUNST- UND AUSSTELLUNGSHALLE DER BUNDESREPUBLIK DEUTSCHLAND MUSEUMSMEILE BONN · FRIEDRICH-EBERT-ALLEE 4 · 53113 BONN · TEL. 0228 9171-200
PORTRÄT VON HEINZ MACK, AUSSCHNITT AUS AUSSTELLUNGSERÖFFNUNG GALERIE DATO, FRANKFURT, 1961 © VG BILD-KUNST, BONN 2011
Fig. 3
ART MEETS SCIENCE IN ZUSAMMENARBEIT MIT DEM FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH
Fig. 2
RAHMENPROGRAMM ZUR AUSSTELLUNG:
Fig. 1
MACK
BUNDES KUNST HALLE.DE
Love is in design
sleek N°29 Paris / Texas
Shortcuts
Into the great wide open
On the road, out in the open, the sky above you is the only thing that changes as the majestic desert landscape follows you for miles on end. But wait, where are you exactly? This isn’t Texas. This is the island of Tenerife, home to the rocky Anaga Mountains and the barren volcanic landscape where many a Western was shot. A sharp contrast to the island’s famous green hills of Las Mercedes. At the end of the laurel forest, Bosque de la Mercedes, there’s a track leading to the best point on the island from which to marvel at the spectacular meteor shower that lights up the summer nights in Tenerife. It comes as no surprise that Mercedes-Benz was inspired to present its new SLK Roadster on the volcanic island. After all, not only do the region and the brand share the Spanish name for »mercy«, but the new Roadster also boasts an innovative Magic Sky Control roof that turns translucent at the touch of a button to let in the meteorite light, or darkens when the sun is blazing in the desert sky.
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Since shaking Versailles, France’s cultural flagship store, with his installations two years ago, artist Xavier Veilhan has been something of a star – and this is something of a rarity on the French art scene. Xavier essentially has to break through the valium daze of the local art scene single-handedly. He endeavors to fulfill the cliché of the eccentric artist à merveille, much to the consternation not only of his apparently helpless press agent, because when Xavier hasn’t got time to answer a list of annoying interview questions, he just hands them over to his youngest daughter. With the following results: »My favorite thing in Paris is to go to transsexual clubs, but the dog shit everywhere is a little annoying. But the worst this about the city is that you can’t ski here, a real problem! As far as the Parisian art scene is concerned, what gets me most at the moment is the fashion for checked shirts which I absolutely loathe. Apart from that, all I can say is: Flaque, patate, astronaute!«
PARIS
By Annabelle Hirsch
Paris, you city of light, of love, of lavish beauty, you are so full of yourself, you nasty overprized and overestimated Potemkin village, you rotten Moloch, stop deceiving people and luring them into believing you are the most beautiful city in the world! It’s about time to reveal that other side of yours which you’ve been hiding so successfully! And who better to tell us about all that’s wrong and ugly about Paris than the people who have to put up with it every day? We asked some of the French capital’s most eminent inhabitants to set the record straight. Unfortunately, this won’t stop people loving it. Ourselves included.
Inga Sempé is the daughter of legendary illustrator Jean-Jacques Sempé (Le Petit Nicholas and New Yorker) which makes her by birth one of the world’s most Parisian Parisians in the world. The furniture designer grew up in the mythical Quartier Saint Germain des Près, and aside from a year in Rome, she has never lived anywhere except Paris. Sempé has no idea why tourists are so attracted to the Champs-Élysées, although she loves the Eiffel Tower to bits: »The atmosphere in the Quartiers which border with the Eiffel Tower, though, is very unpleasant. This corner is known as ›le triangle d’or‹ because it has become a haven for the nouveaux riches. Everything about Parisian charm, the bohemian flair and the natural sense of elegance has disappeared here. Everything has been ironed flat and it’s just in-your-face luxury. It’s certainly not the place you’d find the sort of people I like to see sitting on my furniture.«
This man was a skateboarder once upon a time. Well, at least he launched France’s first skatewear label, King Size. Then he invented the concept-store concept, with his store L’Epicerie, kick-started two further fashion lines plus a cosmetic brand, and just for the fun of it, did some time as editor in chief of the French Intersection. Recently he breathed fresh life into the musty old perfume label Cire Trudon. But after Wallpaper pronounced his perfumed candles the best in the world, he sold Cire Trudon, and poured the cash into his next enterprise, Architecture Olfactive, a company for room perfumes. So you could say that Ramdane, who doubles and trebles as a restaurant owner (in Tangier), DJ and part-time New Yorker, is au-fait with the smell of the big wide world: »Paris has a parochial whiff to it. The non-stop gossip gets on my nerves. I love Paris – but I also love leaving Paris.«
While we continue to wig out about Andrej Pejic, the young stylist and designer Alix Thomsen has long since moved beyond fashion as gender specific. Her label Thomsen is based on one idea, as simple as it is unique: unisex shirts. The experience she gained at Lacoste and Chloé probably fueled her success just as much as the fact that she runs her label together with husband Lionel Bensemoun, who in turn runs Le Baron with André (Paris really is une village). Recently the Thomsen shirt was spotted in the »Desperate Housewives« wardrobe, but Alix has no intentions of climbing the couture olympus with her concept. She prefers to hold on to authenticity and modesty – concepts, she believes, that are getting thin on the ground in Paris fashion: »These days, the fashion market in Paris is full of imposters. More and more brands are appearing which have zero identity or ideas of their own; they just copy the big couturiers and are no better than H&M. They pretend to be luxury brands just because they have enough money to buy into the Rue St. Honoré and set up next to Hermès. But none of this has anything to do with fashion any more.« 50
André Saraiva, aka graffiti artist »Mr A« and Paris’ most influential club owner, is due to open his latest club this month in Los Angeles, together with DJ and restaurateur Paul Sevigny, (Beatrice Inn, New York). »Hollywood« is its name – hardly creative, but André knows what he’s doing. After all, his club Le Baron is single-handedly responsible for Paris having a night life at all – aside from the pseudo-historical tourist joints that is – and André is its undisputed top dog who is getting slightly bored from the lack of competition: »Before I opened Le Baron in 2004, there was nothing going on in Paris at all. Honestly, there was nowhere to go out, at least as far as I was concerned. So I felt compelled to open my own club. And what motivates me still is that I like going to my club. Most clubs in Paris are only interested in making as much money as possible, with a boring mixture of minor TV celebs, footballers and expensive drinks.«
The artist Oda Jaune moved from Berlin to Paris three years ago to give a fresh start to her career. Things have been going swimmingly and her dreams about Paris have yet to be dashed on the hard rocks of reality. There is something wonderful to discover in every corner of the city, she says, although she has not yet ventured out to the banlieus. »The word cliché always has such negative associations but sometimes it’s just right: Paris is a beautiful city where beauty and life are honored and celebrated. I feel very at home here and it’s a good place for working. There is just one thing which has really bothered me so far. Last year there were two fantastic exhibitions, one in the Musée d’art Moderne on Basquiat and the other in the Petit Paris on Yves Saint Laurent. Because of the hordes of tourists in Paris throughout the year, I had to stand in line for nearly two hours, waiting in the rain just to get in to both of them. But it was worth it. All I can say is that I love Paris and I’m here to stay.«
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Front row
sleek N°29 Paris / T exas
Front Row The season’s most outstanding shows at just one glance!
Haider Ackermann
Carven
Japanese warrior meets Parisian socialite. Primary colors combined with barely-there silk layers and deconstructed silhouettes create a striking balance between powerful and lascivious. Regardless of its gloomy touch this collection will secure a bright future for Ackermann.
Guillaume Henry’s third collection for Carven leaves no doubt that the long dormant label is back for good. Beautiful prints, bold shapes and some draping you wouldn’t think possible at the modest retail prices asked for the items, make this one of the season’s new favorites.
From the 2011 Spring-Summer collection.
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www.haiderackermann.be
www.carven.fr
From the Spring-Summer 2011 collection
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Front row
sleek N°29 Paris / T exas
Jil Sander
Prada
When everyone goes minimal, the most minimalist fashion house goes maximal! Raf Simons’ use of lowbrow fabrics resulted in maximal shapes and a collection with brighter colors than ever. Simons’ answer, bright and clear, to all the industry chatter about the new minimalism.
The traditional business suit has found its way back to three-button glory. This season, Miuccia Prada keeps it simple in construction, fabric and silhouette, and thankfully even down to the conceptual use of stripes, an element we can’t avoid this season.
From the 2011 Spring-Summer collection.
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www.jilsander.com
www.prada.com
From the 2011 menswear Spring-Summer collection.
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sleek N°29 Paris / T exas
zweifel Tower
By April Lamm
English
Deutsch
We all carry our own historical landmarks around inside us. Our memories are what make us who we are – yet we still make voyages to markers of collective history … for fun. Within this tension resides the core of Agathe Snow’s greater work, which varies from renegade cooking events in unusual places – places of transit, like stairwells – to dance marathons. For Snow, the collective experience is a tangible phenomenon, and shaping it with »shitty tools, which invite chance« is what keeps her motivated. Born on an island (Corsica) and raised on an island (Manhattan), we met up with her near Museum Island in Berlin at the Deutsche Guggenheim, to talk about her most recent commission, a gigantic undertaking for any young artist, a momentous moment in her career for which she »democratized« the superstars of stone – monuments, that is, which she visited across the world and remade into a teenager’s version of Epcot Center, »to see where I fit in.«
Gewissermaßen sind Menschen doch wandelnde Denkmäler. Jeder von uns ein Denkmal für die eigenen Erinnerungen. Daneben müssen wir uns aber auch immer wieder unserer kollektiven Vergangenheit vergewissern, was der Grund dafür ist, daß Monumente als Touristenattraktionen so beliebt sind. Für Agathe Snow, deren spannungsgeladenes Werk von der improvisierten Kochshow im Treppenhaus bis zum Tanzmarathon die unterschiedlichsten Formen annimmt, ist die kollektive Erfahrung ein sehr reales und greifbares Phänomen, das sie mit »unbrauchbaren Werkzeugen, mit denen nur der Zufall arbeiten kann« zu formen versucht. Auf einer Insel geboren (Korsika) und auf einer solchen aufgewachsen (Manhattan), findet ihre jüngste Ausstellung auch auf einer Insel (Berlin) statt, genauer, ganz in der Nähe der Museumsinsel, in der Deutschen Guggenheim. Es ist ein Unterfangen von beeindruckenden Ausmaßen in jeder Hinsicht. Snow hat hier die Monumente dieser Welt zu einer jegliche Maßstabstreue außer acht lassenden Modellwelt zusammengeführt, mit der Absicht, die steinernen Zeugen der Geschichte zu »demokratisieren« und ihren eigenen Platz in dieser Welt zu finden.
You’d think we’d be seeing protestors in the Middle East tearing down monuments, like in Iraq with the image of the statue of Saddam Hussein being toppled. How do you actually propose to »democratize« monuments? What does that mean? Agathe Snow: My installations only come alive once the viewer enters them and starts moving around their various parts, and I wanted to create an environment where the visitor can be conscious of his/her experience in space, and of the storyline behind it. To start taking action and question what each of their actions means in such a narrative. If you move the Pisa on a world map to Atlanta, does the tower become less of a famous accident made in Italy? What links people to place? Monuments and landmarks are displays of strength, power, superiority; they are symbols of the little man’s non-worthiness: you are not sleek:
Agathe Snow, in her exhibition »All Access World« at Deutsche Guggenheim, Berlin 2011. Photo © Belaid le Mharchi.
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sleek: Beim Gedanken an die »Demokratisierung von Monumenten« stelle
ich mir zum Beispiel vor, wie Demonstranten im Mittleren Osten eine Statue von Saddam Hussein von ihrem Sockel stoßen. Was genau meinen Sie damit? Agathe Snow: Meine Installationen werden erst durch die Handlungen des Betrachters lebendig, indem er sie betritt und Teile davon verändert. Ich wollte einen Raum schaffen, in dem sich der Besucher der Geschichte und seines eigenen Platzes darin bewußt wird. Veränderungen und die Bedingungen, unter denen sie erfolgen, erzeugen 57
sleek N°29 Paris / T exas
zweifel Tower
Agathe Snow, installation view »All Access World«, Deutsche Guggenheim, Berlin 2011. Photo © Mathias Schormann. ©the artist/Deutsche Guggenheim.
here. So I created the »All Access World,« a company whose business is selling the most successful three-dimensional creations, landmarks and monuments, readymades as consumer products to reflect individual tastes, interests, and experiences. I wanted to democratize points on the map, to make them maps for your mind-life, shake things up a bit. These monuments mean more than themselves and yet they lose their original stamp on collective memory.
Geschichte und Geschichten. Würde man Pisa auf dem Atlas nach Atlanta verschieben, wäre der Schiefe Turm dann etwas anderes als eine berühmte italienische Fehlplanung? Was genau verbindet Menschen und Orte? Monumente und Sehenswürdigkeiten sind Zeichen von Kraft, Macht und Überlegenheit, ein Symbol für die Nichtigkeit des kleinen Mannes, denn sie sagen: Du bist nicht hier. Also habe ich »All Access World« gegründet, ein Unternehmen für den Verkauf von dreidimensionalen Schöpfungen, Wahrzeichen und Monumenten als Ready-mades einer Konsumgesellschaft, die sehr bekannt sind, aber dennoch den Geschmack, die Interessen und Erfahrungen eines Individuums reflektieren. Ich wollte Punkte auf der Weltkarte zugänglich machen, also demokratisieren, und das Kopf kino ein bisschen durcheinanderbringen. Diese Monumente sind mehr als ein Bild ihrer selbst, und gleichzeitig verlieren sie ihren Platz im kollektiven Gedächtnis.
great because they had not fully dried, and when we got to the Gate and handed them over to the participants, everyone got pink stains on their fingers. It created a memory for us all to wash away over the next days.
sleek:
sleek: Leider habe ich Ihre Performance verpaßt. Der Sicherheitsdienst hat
sleek:
AS:
mir allerdings verraten, daß Sie vom Brandenburger Tor ausgehend Unter den Linden entlang prozessieren wollten. Was genau haben Sie gemacht? AS: Das Ziel war die Schaffung einer neuen kollektiven Identität, die mit einem Berliner Wahrzeichen verbunden werden sollte. Wir haben auf dem Weg kleine Steine fallenlassen, wie Hänsel und Gretel, die meiner Meinung nach bekanntesten Deutschen überhaupt. Nur daß unsere Brotkrümel kleine knallrosafarbene Steine waren.
I missed your performance, but the security guard told me that you were meant to begin it by walking down the Unter den Linden boulevard from the Brandenburg Gate. What happened? AS: We wanted to form a new collective identity and anchor it to a symbol of Berlin, leaving stones along the way to find our way back, like Hansel and Gretel, the most famous Germans, in my mind. We left behind bread crumbs, so to speak, pink rocks. sleek:
Why pink rocks? Pink is happy, but more to the point, it pops out against a grey cityscape, and Berlin in January is dark and pink is not. As we were walking I met this guy Harry who had a mule and dogs and they led the way. I had been given the keys to a penthouse apartment to stay in for the 10 days of installation, so I went out onto the terrace, blocked the surveillance camera, lined up some gravel and sprayed them all pink – an hour before the performance was meant to take place, which was
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When Koons makes a plastic inflatable bunny rabbit in chrome or when Mike Kelly lays a few distorted stuffed animals on a crocheted blanket, the work appears inherently critical, whereas when you create a plush furry version of Easter Island heads, the critical perspective disappears. What do you think is happening there? AS: It’s not a critique at all. It’s a reflection of the world we know and not an alternative reality. I wanted the oppressive quality of it all but to completely relish doing it, taking those photos, taking it home. Why do we need proof of their existence? When we travel we acknowledge part of our history, our collective identity. I wanted that the viewer come out asking questions, or rather a way for people to find questions. sleek:
What kind of questions are asked here? When I look at this Eiffel Tower mock up with a paper-maché figure made of grocery story ads, donned with a Rambo headband, on top of a bunch of oversized cigarettes? AS: I have asked myself to measure up to history. Where do I fit in? Destruction, decay, pollution, wars, the Twin Towers are evidence that the world is not as stable as we think. There’s this obsession with the present disregard for the future as just a place to impose yourself, to dump your stones. In all disaster flicks, destruction is complete when
Warum rosa Steine? Rosa ist eine fröhliche Farbe, und außerdem hebt sie sich toll vom urbanen Grau der Stadt ab. Berlin im Januar ist dunkel, Rosa nicht. Auf dem Weg habe ich einen Typen namens Harry getroffen, er hatte einen Esel und ein paar Hunde dabei. Die haben uns dann angeführt. Der Ausstellungsauf bau hat zehn Tage gedauert, während der Zeit habe ich in einem Penthouse übernachtet. Das hatte eine Dachterrasse mit Kieselsteinen. Eine Stunde vor der Performance habe ich die Sicherheitskameras verdeckt, ein paar Kieselsteine aufgesammelt und mit rosa Farbe angesprüht. Da die Farbe noch nicht trocken war, als wir am Brandenburger Tor ankamen, hatten alle Teilnehmer auf einmal rosa Finger – eine gemeinsame Erinnerung, deren Spuren erst im Lauf der Tage verschwanden.
sleek: AS:
sleek: Den auf blasbaren Chromhasen von Jeff Koons oder den deformierten Stofftieren von Mike Kelley ist ein unmittelbar erkennbares kritisches Moment zueigen. Ihre Plüschversionen der Osterinsel-Köpfe dagegen wirken nicht gerade kritisch. Was genau sieht der Betrachter denn da? AS: Nun, da ist auch keine Kritik darin. Es ist einfach ein Bild unserer Wirklichkeit, keine Alternativversion oder so. Es hat eine übermächtige Wirkung, aber man will unbedingt ein Photo davon machen, etwas davon mit nach Hause nehmen. Warum liegt uns soviel an diesem Beweismaterial? Weil wir mit unseren Reisen zu diesen Monumenten versuchen, uns der Geschichte und unserer kollektiven Identität zu
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sleek N°29 Paris / T exas
zweifel Tower
Agathe Snow, Colosseum/Sydney Opera House/Guggenheim Museum, 2010. Mixed media collage, 49.5 × 131 cm. Photo © Kris McKay.
the landmark is engulfed in a chosen mode of annihilation or rage, a few people running as a warning sign and all unfolds.
vergewissern. Ich will, daß der Besucher Fragen stellt, oder zu seinen Fragen findet.
Memory is what keeps us focused. Not the static memory of stone, but the one you carry along with you somewhere, in there, piece by piece. With it, reality can be made anew, and those moments are what matters, what anchors us, weighs us down. AS: I have always thought that there is a »thought plug« somewhere that holds the inverse in place and if tampered with or removed, then we’d all be sucked back into the black hole, the original point of departure, the land where no memory survives.
sleek: Aber was für Fragen könnten das sein? Was für eine Frage soll sich
sleek:
When I first saw the show and this close-up snapshot of you, licking your fingers after eating fries maybe, with the Colosseum in Rome in the background, it made me think about how in the fifties or sixties when mass tourism really started to take hold of us, we would have seen sleek:
mir stellen beim Anblick dieses Eiffelturms aus Pappmaché und Werbeblättchen, mit einem übergestülpten Rambo-Haarband und überdimensionalen Zigaretten garniert? AS: Ich wollte der Geschichte gerecht werden. Wo ist mein Platz darin? Zerstörung, Umweltverschmutzung, Krieg, das World Trade Center... das alles zeigt, wie instabil die Welt ist. Wir tun so, als sei die Zukunft eine Art Mülldeponie, auf der man sich selbst und alles, was sich im Lauf der Geschichte ansammelt, einfach so abladen könnte. Alle Untergangsfilme haben übrigens eines gemein: die Zerstörung ist immer dann unauf haltsam, wenn ein Wahrzeichen in sich zusammenkracht, dann beginnen die Menschen immer zu fliehen. sleek: Erinnerungen bestimmen unsere Perspektive. Sie sind nicht statisch
und in Stein gemeißelt, sondern in uns und um uns herum. Sie erlauben uns, die Realität neu zu erfinden und uns an neuen Momenten festzuhalten und in der Gegenwart zu verankern. AS: Ich stelle mir immer vor, daß es so etwas wie einen GedankenStöpsel gibt, der, einmal gezogen, das Innere nach Außen stülpt und uns alle in ein schwarzes Loch saugt, wo Erinnerung keine Chance auf Überleben hat.
Agathe Snow, Arc de Triomphe, 2010. Mixed media collage, 48 × 33 cm. Photo © Kris McKay.
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sleek: In der Ausstellung fiel mir ein Schnappschuß von Ihnen auf. Darauf lecken Sie sich die Finger vor dem Kolosseum in Rom, wahrscheinlich haben Sie gerade Pommes gegessen. Ich hatte sofort ein Bild vor Augen, ich glaube aus den Sechzigern, als das mit dem Massentourismus so richtig losging, auf dem mein Vater versucht, meine Mutter und die komplette Gladiatorenarena auf ein Bild zu quetschen. AS: Diese immer gleichen Postkarten-Sujets sind halt unser Versuch, uns die Geschichte anzueignen. Ich habe meinen Platz, wir sind gleichwertig, ich gehöre dazu. Ich möchte Nähe schaffen, die Arme um diese Monumente schlingen, sie hin und her schieben, damit sie das Übermächtige verlieren, ohne allerdings ihre magische Anziehungskraft einzubüßen. Mich interessieren diese Orte des Zusammenpralls mit der Geschichte.
Agathe Snow, installation view »All Access World«, Deutsche Guggenheim, Berlin 2011. Photo © Mathias Schormann. ©the artist/Deutsche Guggenheim.
a picture that Dad took of Mom with her being about a half-inch tall and Dad somewhere in the far distance trying to squeeze in the very top of the gladiator’s arena…. AS: The endless postcard-like photograph you also had to take is your way of saying I was there and so history is mine, my body fits, we are equal, we belong. I want to bring forth a closeness, wrap your arms around these monuments, push them around until they lose their grandiosity without losing their appeal or magic. I’m interested in places where you collide with history and monuments and landmarks are a great place to start. So Paris figures large, but where is Texas? Did you ever visit your ex’s [Dash Snow] family at the Texan, what, ranch? Like South Fork? AS: Yeah, we stayed in one of the small houses near the museum in Houston and slept a lot. We were on the run from New York, where we had found all these Christmas trees in the street and gathered them all together in a pile and burned them – and the fire spread to a car, the bar owner across the street saw us, so we took off for Texas. In Texas you are always alone in your car, breathing in the exhaust, the valet parking, window pull-ups. You’d think Texas would break off from the rest of the US – so different in speech, the most spoiled people on earth. You’re on an 8-lane highway and no matter how far you drive there is always that much more stretching ahead of you, indifferent to your passing. sleek:
Paris ist in der Ausstellung ja prominent vertreten, aber Texas scheint zu fehlen. Waren Sie jemals auf der texanischen Familienranch – wenn man das so nennen kann, ich muß dabei immer an Dallas denken – Ihres Exmanns [Dash Snow]? AS: Ja, aber gewohnt haben wir in einem kleinen Haus in Houston in der Nähe des Museums, und wir haben vor allem geschlafen. Wir mußten aus New York fliehen, weil wir Weihnachtsbäume auf der Straße zu einem großen Haufen aufgetürmt und in Brand gesteckt hatten – das Feuer griff auf ein Auto über und der Besitzer einer Bar gegenüber hat uns gesehen. Da sind wir nach Texas abgehauen. In Texas ist man die ganze Zeit im Auto, allein, alles ist Auto. Abgase, Parkservice, Fenster hoch, Fenster runter... Eigentlich ist Texas wie ein eigenes Land, kein US-Bundesstaat. Schon allein die Sprache ist so anders, und die Leute sind verwöhnter als überall sonst auf der Welt. Man ist auf einem achtspurigen Highway, und egal wie weit man fährt, vor einem liegt immer noch mehr endlose Weite. sleek:
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big / small sleek N°29 Paris / T exas
Vive le texas
Ed Ruscha, Paris, 1963. Colored pencil and pencil on tracing paper, 21.3 × 22.2 cm. Photo © and courtesy the artist.
Ed Ruscha, Texas, 1962. Oil and collage on paper, 34.3 × 32.4 cm. Photo © and courtesy the artist.
Ed Ruscha is more closely associated with Los Angeles than any other place: with its advertising imagery, with the Sunset Strip, with the city’s claim against New York as the undisputed hub of American art. But in Paris (1963) and Texas (1962), Ruscha shows, in thoughtful anticipation of this issue of sleek, his fondness for two other famous destinations. In this exclusive interview Ruscha reveals the background to these works and proves he is not one to mince his words – or his meat for that matter.
And what was the idea behind Texas? The deep red paint used as a background was very red meat like. Texas always seemed like a state for carnivores.
What was the inspiration for Paris? I always had a weakness for the word »PARIS«. The drawing was my way of exploring the attraction. This Paris refers to France not Texas.
sleek:
sleek:
Ed Ruscha:
Interview by Monte Packham
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sleek: ER:
sleek: Are there multiple versions of Texas or is it a unique work? I notice
»For Arlette« written at the top. It is a one-off painting on paper.
ER:
Is it true that Dr. Hogly Wogly’s Tyler Texas BBQ on Sepulveda Boulevard has the best Texas barbecue in Los Angeles? ER: I would say yes, but the search for the greatest barbecue never ends. 63
sleek N°29 Paris / T exas
paris Match
Text by Elisabeta Tudor
What does it take to be a successful fashion designer in Paris? And why does it have to be Paris and not somewhere else? Five young designers on their way to the top are asking themselves these very questions. Was braucht es, um in Paris als Modedesigner Erfolg zu haben? Und warum überhaupt Paris, geht es nicht auch anderswo? Fünf junge Designer auf dem Weg nach ganz oben fragen sich genau das.
From left: Alexis Mabille, François Alary of Dévastée, Léonie Hostettler and Marius Borgeaud of Mal-Aimée. In front: Ophélie Klere of Dévastée. All designers are wearing full looks from their own collections.
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sleek N°29 Paris / T exas
paris Match
English
deutsch
Anyone worth knowing in the Paris of the Sun King and who was lucky enough to belong to his aristo entourage, wore crimson heels. This signal red was fashion statement and social cachet rolled into one. Red soles, you see, were the invention of Louis not Louboutin. And like in the day of the fashion-mad monarch la mode aujourd’hui is still very much linked to social status. Today’s kings are a handful of fashion designers who enjoy iconic status and dictate their personal taste to their philistine subjects. Those who sit quietly upon their thrones can write fashion history undisturbed for decades, but those who dare to abandon their castles in the clouds to misbehave among the lumpen masses, will be promptly disinherited. The recent scandal surrounding His Zaniness John Galliano who was fired by Dior for his unpalatable statements is a case in point. But what standing do newcomers have in this fashion hierarchy? Can they possibly expect to make their mark in the fashion capital without the blessing of one or other Maison de Couture? With a total of 20 big name fashion houses, the scene is hardly going to accommodate the more than 250 fashion students who graduate in Paris every year. Only a select few succeed in getting their names onto the show schedules in Paris fashion week (this season, Steffie Christiaens was the only one to make it) and fewer still will hold out for more than a season or two. The darlings of the day are Alexis Mabille and designer duos Dévastée and Mal-Aimée. They took a short break on their way to the top to talk to sleek. In the Hemingway bar at the Ritz they explained what Paris means for their work. One thing they all have in common is how their careers in Paris started – by leaping into cold water. »Moving from Cahors to Paris was terrible!« sighs François Alary of Dévastée. »It took Ophélie and me nearly three years to get used to the place and all that time we were in a constant state of doubt about our abilities! We even thought of moving to London or New York, but we eventually realized that our work is very French and its impact would only be
Wer im Paris des Sonnenkönigs etwas galt und sich zu dessen aristokratischen Gefolge zählen durfte, trug rote Schuhabsätze. Die Signalfarbe war modische Aussage und soziales Merkmal zugleich. Die roten Sohlen sind somit eine Erfindung von Louis, nicht von Louboutin. Genau wie zur Zeit des modeverrückten Herrschers gilt aber auch heute Mode als Zeichen von Macht. Die Könige von einst, das sind heute einige wenige Modeschöpfer, die Ikonenstatus genießen und ihren modisch unbedarften Untertanen ihren persönlichen Geschmack diktieren. Wer ruhig auf seinem Thron sitzenbleibt, kann jahrzehntelang unbehelligt Modegeschichte schreiben, doch wer es wagt, seinem Wolkenschloß zu entfliehen und sich wie der normale Pöbel zu benehmen, der wird von der Thronfolge der großen und altehrwürdigen Modehäuser ausgeschlossen. Der jüngste Skandal um den Exzentriker John Galliano, der wegen dubioser Aussagen Dior verlassen mußte, dient hier als klischeehaftes Beispiel. Doch welchen Platz haben Neulinge in dieser Modehierarchie? Können sie sich ohne den Segen einer Maison de Couture überhaupt in der Modehauptstadt behaupten? Bei rund 20 namhaften Modehäusern ist die Szene nämlich ziemlich überschaubar, und dem stehen mindestens 250 Modedesign-Absolventen von rund 25 Pariser Modeschulen pro Jahr gegenüber, darunter so renommierte Schulen wie Studio Bercot oder Parsons Paris. Nur wenige schaffen es mit ihrem eigenen Namen auf den Schauenplan der Pariser Modewoche (in der aktuellen Saison gab es mit Steffie Christiaens gerade mal einen Jungdesigner-Neuzugang), und noch weniger, mindestens drei Saisons in Folge durchzuhalten. Alexis Mabille und die Designerduos von Dévastée und MalAimée haben genau das geschafft. Für sleek haben sie auf dem Weg nach oben kurz Pause gemacht. In der Bar Hemingway im Hotel Ritz finden sie sich für ein Portrait ein und erzählen, was Paris für ihre Arbeit bedeutet.
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Léonie Hostettler and Marius Borgeaud of Mal-Aimée.
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sleek N°29 Paris / T exas
Alexis Mabille.
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paris Match
diluted with influences from abroad. Paris has a stereotypical pull on us which is something we like to play with in our collections.« Alexis Mabille takes the fashionable elite of the French capital with a big pinch of salt. »Before I started my own label in 2005, I had been at Dior for almost ten years under the direction of John Galliano and Hedi Slimane and I reached a point when juggling the two designers became too much, even if the experience did open a lot of doors for me. After all I had left my native town of Lyon to live out my creativity in Paris! I now take a very egotistical approach to my collections, without following trends, which was difficult at first but it has paid off. It’s true that Parisian institutions don’t really look after young designers but I am continually amazed that in spite of all the financial hurdles, there is this huge passionate energy that keeps this city in a permanent state of flux. There is no time here to be constantly questioning your work.« Léonie Hostettler and Marius Borgeaud of Mal-Aimée can only confirm the teething problems in Paris. »Funnily enough we found it easier to reach Anna Wintour than Carine Roitfeld! Without experience with one of the big names you will be completely ignored in Paris. We were lucky to be able to work for Olivier Theyskens at Nina Ricci before we took the plunge and launched our own label. In the beginning it was a struggle and we wanted to go back to Geneva where we met, but as time went by we came under the spell of the Parisian charm. We feel a strong connection to Paris couture and our trademark twist on modernity and tradition is something we can only fully express in this city.« Tradition and modernity in Paris? Ophélie Klere and François Alary see things somewhat differently: »Paris fashion is certainly part of French culture but we are not on our knees in total awe of it. We prefer to focus on our own development. For us modernity is a concept that got stuck in the 20th century. What can a term like that mean these days when everything is in an ongoing state of
Allen gemein ist, wie ihre Pariser Karrieren begannen: mit einem Sprung ins kalte Wasser. »Der Wechsel von Cahors nach Paris war einfach nur grauenhaft!«, stöhnt François Alary von Dévastée. »Ophélie und ich haben fast drei Jahre gebraucht, um uns einzugewöhnen, und wir haben in dieser Zeit unser Können ständig in Frage gestellt! Wir wollten sogar nach London oder New York übersiedeln, aber haben schließlich festgestellt, daß unsere Arbeit stark französisch geprägt ist und durch ausländische Einflüße an Ausdruckskraft verlieren würde. Paris übt eine klischeehafte Anziehungskraft aus, mit der wir gern in unseren Kollektionen spielen.« Alexis Mabille nimmt die modische Auslese in der französischen Hauptstadt wenig ernst: »Bevor ich 2005 mein eigenes Label gegründet habe, war ich fast zehn Jahre bei Dior unter der Leitung von John Galliano und Hedi Slimane und hatte es irgendwann satt, mit zwei Designern zu jonglieren, auch wenn diese Erfahrung mir viele Türen geöffnet hat. Ich habe schließlich meine Geburtsstadt Lyon verlassen, um mich in Paris kreativ auszuleben! Ich gehe nun meine Kollektionen sehr egoistisch an, ohne mich nach Trends zu richten, was anfänglich schwierig war, sich aber nun rentiert. In der Tat kümmern sich die Pariser Institutionen kaum um Jungdesigner, aber man ist echt überrascht zu sehen, daß es trotz der finanziellen Hürden eine große leidenschaftliche Energie gibt, die diese Stadt ständig in Bewegung setzt. Man hat hier gar keine Zeit, seine Arbeit ständig zu hinterfragen.« Léonie Hostettler und Marius Borgeaud von Mal-Aimée können die Pariser Startschwierigkeiten nur bestätigen: »Es war für uns lustigerweise einfacher, Anna Wintour zu erreichen als Carine Roitfeld! In Paris wird man ohne namhafte Erfahrung völlig ignoriert. Wir hatten das Glück, zunächst für Olivier Theyskens bei Nina Ricci arbeiten zu können, bevor wir es gewagt haben, unser eigenes Label zu gründen. Am Anfang war es ein Kampf, wir wollten zurück nach Genf, wo wir uns kennengelernt hatten, aber mit der Zeit kamen wir von dem Pari69
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creative change anyway?« Alexis Mabille also welcomes quick-change trends. »I trust in the progress that is the backbone of fashion. I love the restlessness and you see this in my collections because they are only classic to a limited extent, and I love to turn concepts on their head instead of following them.« By now Mabille has found commercial success with his obvious dynamism, whereas Dévastée and Mal-Aimée have made a name for themselves with their deliberate opaqueness – their names are difficult enough! Wouldn’t it be better to stick to their own, like Alexis Mabille, who even wears his proudly printed on his shirt? Léonie gives an embarassed laugh: »Unfortunately that only works with individuals. Marius & Léonie sounds like Chocolate & Vanilla, completely meaningless somehow.« For Ophélie and François, the name Dévastée symbolizes their experience in Paris: personal devastation before rising out of the ashes, a new beginning and an open end. This mixture of fighting spirit and constant uncertainty probably characterizes the early days of any career as a fashion designer, whether in Paris, London or New York. But in the French capital, fashion’s thrones are still placed a little more out of reach than elsewhere. They are more difficult to climb but promise a longer rule. These five designers are moving steadily up the line of succession, season by season.
Photographer portraits CEDRIC VIOLLET Photographer’s assistant RAPHAEL GIANELLI-MERIANO Hair JEROME CULTRERA at Callisté Make up HUGO VILLARD assisted by AYA WATANABE Photographer making of BRUNO PIETERS (see also the making of feature on www.sleek-mag.com) Special thanks to BAR HEMINGWAY at Ritz Paris, and One Hundred Berlin Retouching
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ser Charme nicht mehr los. Wir fühlen uns der Pariser Couture stark verbunden, die Mischung aus Tradition und modernem Twist, die unsere Arbeit kennzeichnet, können wir nur in dieser Stadt vollkommen ausdrücken.« Tradition und Moderne in Paris? Das sehen Ophélie Klere und François Alary etwas anders: »Pariser Mode ist französisches Kulturgut, sicher, aber wir versinken nicht in völliger Bewunderung davor. Wir konzentrieren uns auf unsere eigenständige Entwicklung. Die Modernität ist für uns ein Begriff, der völlig im zwanzigsten Jahrhundert hängen geblieben ist. Was für eine Bedeutung kann dieser Begriff noch haben, wo doch alles in ständiger kreativer Veränderung begriffen ist?« Auch Alexis Mabille begrüßt schnelle Trendwechsel: »Ich vertraue dem Fortschritt, der die Mode an sich kennzeichnet. Ich liebe diese Rastlosigkeit in der Mode, das sieht man auch an meinen Kollektionen, die nur bedingt klassisch sind.« Mabille hat mittlerweile auch kommerziellen Erfolg, während Dévastée und Mal-Aimée durch scheinbar gewollte Undurchdringlichkeit auffallen – allein schon diese sperrigen Namen! Wäre es nicht sinnvoller, zu seinem Eigennamen zu stehen, so wie ihn Alexis Mabille stolz und zu Recht sogar in Druckversion auf seinem Hemd trägt? Léonie lächelt verlegen: »Das funktioniert leider nur als Einzelperson. Marius & Léonie klingt für uns wie Schoko & Vanille, irgendwie völlig bedeutungsleer.« Für Ophélie und François symbolisiert der Name Dévastée all das, was sie bereits in Paris empfunden haben: persönliche Verheerung und Aufstieg aus der Asche, Neuanfang und offenes Ende. Diese Mischung aus Durchbeißen und ständiger Ungewissheit kennzeichnet wahrscheinlich den Beginn jeder Karriere als Modedesigner, egal ob in Paris, London oder New York. Aber in Paris stehen die Modethrone immer noch etwas höher als anderswo. Sie sind schwieriger zu besteigen, versprechen aber auch eine längere Regentschaft. Diese fünf Designer rücken in der Thronfolge jede Saison ein paar Plätze auf.
François Alary and Ophélie Klere of Dévastée.
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paris, Texas
Wim Wenders’ film Paris, Texas might be named after a small town in the American Midwest, but the story and the location have nothing to do with the place. Teresa Hubbard and Alexander Birchler were able to dig up a host of astonishing connections. Auch wenn der Film Paris, Texas von Wim Wenders nach einer Kleinstadt im Mittleren Westen der USA benannt ist: Handlung und Drehort haben nichts mit dem Ort zu tun. Trotzdem existieren verblüffende Verbindungen. Eine Spurensuche von Teresa Hubbard und Alexander Birchler.
Teresa Hubbard/Alexander Birchler, Grand Paris Texas, 2009. Archival C-print, 76.2 × 61 cm. All images courtesy Hubbard/Birchler Studio.
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Teresa Hubbard/Alexander Birchler, video still from Grand Paris Texas, 2009. HD video with sound, 54 min.
Teresa Hubbard/Alexander Birchler, stills from Grand Paris Texas, 2009. Clockwise from upper left: Alan Hubbard, Dorothea Gillies, Harold Wayne Adams, Toni Clem.
By Annika von Taube English
deutsch
When on the 9th November 1984 the film Paris, Texas celebrated its US premiere in the eponymous small town in the Midwest, every seat in the Grand, the old movie house on main street, was filled. »Most people who came to the cinema that night probably didn’t understand the movie,« Toni Gern speculates. »They wanted to see a movie about their town. But even in the fabulous opening sequence in the desert, people were already starting to laugh.« As the screening continued the audience became increasingly angry. Did the director think they were idiots! This was not their Paris, Texas! It was largely thanks to the former film critic of the Paris News that Texan Parisians were able to attend the premiere of the movie in their hometown, red carpet and all, and on the same night as the international premiere. And she is also one of the reasons why an unknown cinema is now playing the leading role in an art project today. When the artists Teresa Hubbard and Alexander Birchler visited the Texan town, they didn’t come for the old cinema, they simply wanted to visit a place that had lent its name to a film that had accompanied them since their youth. The Grand only began to interest them when they found out that it was closed. Its doors had simply been shut from one day to the next and no one had entered since, except for hundreds of pigeons that collect in the roof and scatter in airborne choreographies worthy of Hitchcock himself. A ghost cinema and as such, the perfect projection surface for everything that makes cinema what it is, and a continuation of the leitmotiv that runs through all of the artist duo’s work: cinema as space, both metaphorically and literally. Cinema depicts places, invents places and placeless places and is
Als am 9. November 1984 der Film Paris, Texas von Wim Wenders in der gleichnamigen Kleinstadt im Mittleren Westen der USA Premiere feierte, war das »Grand«, das alte Kino an der Hauptstraße, bis auf den letzten Platz besetzt. Doch die Vorfreude der Premierengäste wurde nicht belohnt. »Die meisten Leute, die an jenem Abend ins Kino kamen, haben den Film wahrscheinlich nicht verstanden«, schätzt Toni Gern. »Sie wollten einen Film über ihre Stadt sehen. Aber schon bei der großartigen Startszene in der Wüste kam Gelächter auf.« Im Verlauf der Vorstellung wurden die Zuschauer immer wütender. Wollte sie der Regisseur etwa für dumm verkaufen? Das war ja gar nicht ihr Paris, Texas! Die einstige Filmkritikerin der Paris News ist mitverantwortlich dafür, daß die texanischen Pariser überhaupt in den Genuß einer Premiere des Films kamen, und dann auch noch zeitgleich mit dem landesweiten Kinostart. Und sie ist einer der Gründe, warum ein unbedeutendes Kino die Hauptrolle in einem künstlerischen Werkkomplex spielt. Als die Künstler Teresa Hubbard und Alexander Birchler die texanische Stadt besuchen, kommen sie nicht wegen des alten Kinos, sondern weil der Ort einem Film den Namen gab, der sie seit ihrer Jugend begleitet. Das Grand beginnt sie erst zu interessieren, als sie herausfinden, daß es geschlossen ist. Einfach zugemacht, von einem Tag auf den anderen, und sich selbst überlassen, belebt nur von unzähligen Tauben, die sich im Dachstuhl sammeln und auseinanderstieben und einer Choreographie zu folgen scheinen, als hätte Hitchcock sie inszeniert. Ein Geisterkino, und damit die perfekte Projektionsfläche für alles, was Kino ausmacht und was sich als Leitmotiv durch das
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a place itself. Wenders’ film is named after a specific place but plays somewhere else entirely: in the middle of nowhere. And the abandoned Grand, robbed of its function, has also become a nowhere, an empty space in the middle of a place, which must be in a permanent identity crisis because its own existence pales beside the magnificent images that evoke its French namesake. For most people Paris, Texas is a place where fantasy and reality part ways, ludicrously. Most people would agree that cinema depicts fantasy more than it does reality. But then how do you explain that the aforementioned premiere audience felt so robbed when they realized that the film was not showing the real Paris in Texas? And how do you explain why the images we see in the cinema are accepted as reality as a matter of course, even when they show things we have never seen with our own eyes? Many people have had visual epiphanies in the cinema. Dennis Hopper, who grew up in the hazy light of the Kansas desert during the Dust Bowl era, once said that he didn’t see the sun till he was twelve. In a movie theater. Fascinated by the atmosphere of the abandoned cinema, the artists began researching. In the course of their investigations they not only dug up the history of a cinema that for the town’s inhabitants had for years been the focus of their small world and the gateway to the wider one. They also uncovered connections between the old cinema, the townsfolk, Wenders’ film and other films, some of which are so astounding that Paris,Texas comes over as the headquarters of some secret cinema society. The result of their investigations, Grand Paris Texas (2009), is a film about a film. Meditative tracking shots
Werk des Künstlerpaars zieht: Kino als Raum, im übertragenen wie realen Sinn. Kino bildet Orte ab, erfindet Orte und ortlose Orte, ist selbst ein Ort. Der Film von Wenders ist nach einem bestimmten Ort benannt, aber spielen tut er ganz woanders: in the middle of nowhere. Und das verlassene Grand wird, seiner Funktion beraubt, ebenfalls zu einem nowhere, eine Leerstelle inmitten eines Ortes, der sich eigentlich in einer dauerhaften Identitätskrise befinden müßte, weil seine Existenz vor den mächtigen Bildern, die seine französische Namensvetterin evoziert, verblaßt. Für die meisten Menschen ist Paris, Texas ein Ort, an dem Vorstellung und Wirklichkeit auf lachhafte Weise auseinanderklaffen. Nun würden die meisten Menschen bestätigen, daß Kino eher Vorstellung als Wirklichkeit abbildet. Aber wie ist es dann zu erklären, daß sich die eingangs erwähnten Premierenzuschauer der Realität geradezu beraubt fühlten, als sie erkannten, daß der Film nicht das wirkliche Paris in Texas abbildete? Und wie ist es zu erklären, daß man Bilder, die man im Kino sieht, ganz selbstverständlich als Wirklichkeit akzeptiert, auch wenn sie etwas zeigen, das man nie mit eigenen Augen gesehen hat? Viele Augen haben im Kino ein visuelles Erweckungserlebnis gehabt. Dennis Hopper, der im diesigen Licht der Staubwüste von Kansas aufwuchs, sagte einmal: »Die Sonne habe ich zum ersten mal mit 12 Jahren gesehen. Im Kino.« Fasziniert von der Atmosphäre des verlassenen Kinos beginnen die Künstler zu recherchieren. Im Verlauf ihrer Untersuchungen bergen sie nicht einfach nur die Geschichte eines Kinos, das für die Bewohner der Stadt lange ein Fixpunkt ihrer kleinen und ein Tor zur 75
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paris, Texas
Helen Carmel Benigson, My Advert, ArtReview Magazine, December 2009.
Teresa Hubbard/Alexander Birchler, Grand Paris Texas, 2009. Digital archive print, 76.2 × 61 cm.
which follow the film team through the dusty Grand make the old cinema look like an archaeological dig, as if here lay the buried cradle of cinema itself. Then the townsfolk talk about their memories of the Grand. Banal anecdotes, most of them, but in this film portrait they feel like cinematic parables, spoken from the mouth of prophets. Dorothea Gillies, for example, who worked in the Grand in the 1920s as a »popcorn and candy person« in the days when people went to the cinema for two key reasons: to see the news and to make out in the dark. There is Harold Wayne Adams who, like a druid conspiratorially imparting the secret recipe for a magic potion, describes his work as a projectionist in the days when everything had to be done by hand, and who had to watch on as a man who knew nothing about the movies took over the Grand in 1979 and ran it into the ground. Jimmy Duncan was his name, a man who made his name and his money with a single hit, My Special Angel. Then there is Allan Hubbard, who lost his father as a young child and whose »natural sadness« meant he was chosen to play the child’s role in Tender Mercies of 1983 staring Robert Duvall, a film which has thematic parallels to Wenders’ film and was shot at the same time and the same region. Then there’s the undertaker Markus Roden whose funeral band had a lady in it who used to play the organ at the Grand in the days of the silent movies and who says of his job: »Funerals and movie making have a lot in common. You have to direct them just as a director does a movie.« And there is Toni 76
großen Welt war. Sie decken Verbindungen auf zwischen dem alten Kino, den Bewohnern, dem Film von Wenders und anderen Filmen, die zum Teil so verblüffend sind, daß Paris, Texas wie der Hauptsitz eines cineastischen Geheimbundes erscheint. Das Resultat ihrer Untersuchungen, Grand Paris Texas (2009), ist ein Film über Film. Bedächtige Kamerafahrten, die dem Filmteam durch das verstaubte Grand folgen, lassen das alte Kino wie eine Ausgrabungsstätte erscheinen, als läge hier die Wiege des Kinos begraben. Dazu erzählen Bewohner von ihren Erinnerungen an das Grand. Banale Anekdoten eigentlich, aber in diesem Filmportrait erscheinen sie wie Gleichnisse über das Kino aus dem Munde eines Propheten. Da ist Dorothea Gillies, die im Grand in den zwanziger Jahren als »popcorn and candy person« arbeitete, als man aus zwei ganz wesentlichen Gründen ins Kino ging: um die Nachrichten zu sehen, und um heimlich zu knutschen. Da ist Harold Wayne Adams, der seine Arbeit als Filmvorführer zu einer Zeit, als man noch alles per Hand machen mußte, beschreibt wie ein Druide, der verschwörerisch über die Herstellung von Zaubertränken referiert, und der mitansehen mußte, wie ein Mann, der keine Ahnung von Kino hatte, das Grand 1979 übernahm und herunterwirtschaftete. Jimmy Duncan war das, ein Musiker, den ein einziger Song reich und berühmt gemacht hatte: My Special Angel. Da ist Allan Hubbard, der als kleines Kind seinen Vater verloren hatte und aufgrund seiner »natürlichen Traurigkeit« für eine Kinder-
Teresa Hubbard/Alexander Birchler, video stills from Grand Paris Texas, 2009.
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paris, Texas
Teresa Hubbard/Alexander Birchler, production still Grand Paris Texas, 2009. Marcus Roden, funeral director.
Clem, who as a film critic had a existential interest in making sure at least five tickets were sold at each screening because any fewer and the film would not be shown, which would mean she could not write her column. The landmark of Paris, Texas is a replica of the Eiffel Tower with a red cowboy hat on the top. »The second biggest Eiffel Tower in the second biggest Paris in the world« proclaims the slogan in an ambivalent tribute to the town’s importance. Next to the 20 meter tall tower hangs a sign: »Do not climb on Eiffel Tower« For one man however, an exception was made. Ton Clem remembers her meeting with Wim Wenders clearly. It was nine years ago and the director had come to the city to be photographed for an ad campaign for the Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung. Wenders spent half a day sitting on the Texas Eiffel Tower, posing for the photographer with an open newspaper, patient and polite, Clem recalls. She told him about the premiere, which he had heard nothing about. But he was pleased to hear the story. No sooner was the photo taken than Wim Wenders was gone again. Now the local community is collecting money to restore the Grand and get it running again. The neon sign on the façade, however, never went out. But the younger generation prefers to go to the new multiplex on the outskirts of town. A few years ago, a group of high school students rented Wim Wenders’ film from the local video rental store which is the social focal point in small town life. »If you come from here, there’s no way around it, you have to see the movie. It’s like 78
rolle in einem Film ausgewählt wurde (Tender Mercies von 1983, mit Robert Duvall), der eine thematische Nähe zu Wenders Film aufweist und zeitgleich in der Nähe gedreht wurde... Da ist der Bestattungsunternehmer Marcus Roden, in dessen Beerdigungsband jene Dame mitspielte, die zu Stummfilmzeiten im Grand die Orgel bediente, und der über seinen Job sagt: »Beerdigungen und Filmdrehs haben viel gemeinsam. Man muß sie genauso inszenieren wie ein Regisseur seine Filme.« Und da ist Toni Clem, die als Filmkritikerin ein existenzielles Interesse daran hatte, daß die Vorstellungen von mindestens fünf Zuschauern besucht wurden, weil bei weniger Zulauf der Film nicht gezeigt wurde und sie folglich ihre Kolumne nicht schreiben konnte. Das Wahrzeichen von Paris, Texas ist eine Replik des Pariser Eiffelturms, auf der Spitze ein roter Plastikcowboyhut. »The second biggest eiffel tower in the second biggest Paris in the world«, rühmt sich die Stadt in ambivalenter Anerkennung ihrer Bedeutung. Am Turm, rund 20 Meter hoch, ein Schild mit der Aufschrift »Do not climb on Eiffel Tower«. Für einen Mann aber wurde das Verbot aufgehoben. An die Begegnung mit Wim Wenders erinnert sich Toni Clem noch ganz genau. Vor neun Jahren war das, der Regisseur war in die Stadt gekommen, weil hier sein Portrait für eine Werbekampagne der Frankfurter Allgemeinen Zeitung photographiert werden sollte. Einen halben Tag lang saß Wenders auf dem texanischen Eiffelturm und posierte hinter aufgeschlagener Zeitung für den Photographen, geduldig und höflich, erinnert sich Clem. Sie erzählte ihm von der Premiere, davon wußte
Teresa Hubbard/Alexander Birchler, installation view Grand Paris Texas, Paramount Theater, Austin 2009.
an ordeal,« says Kristy, one of the protagonists of Grand Paris Texas. »We were bored anyway so we thought we should get it over with.« The teenagers struggled though the movie but they never managed to see the end. Someone had recorded over the last 20 minutes – with a silent Western classic called Tumbleweeds. After that the video store took the last rentable copy of Paris, Texas in Paris, Texas off the shelves.
er nichts. Es habe ihn aber nachträglich gefreut, sagt sie. Kaum war das Photo im Kasten, war Wenders wieder weg. Momentan sammelt die Gemeinde Geld, um das Grand restaurieren und wieder in Betrieb nehmen zu können. Das Leuchtschild an der Fassade jedenfalls ist nie verloschen. Aber die jungen Bewohner gehen lieber in das neue Multiplex-Kino am Stadtrand. Vor ein paar Jahren lieh sich eine Gruppe von Schülern in der örtlichen Videothek, die zugleich einen der sozialen Mittelpunkte im überschaubaren Kleinstadtleben bildet, Wenders Film aus. »Wenn man aus dieser Stadt kommt, muß man den Film halt mal gesehen haben, wir sehen das ein bisschen wie eine Geduldprobe«, sagt Kristy, eine der Protagonistinnen aus Grand Paris Texas. »Wir langweilten uns eh gerade, also dachten wir uns, bringen wir es hinter uns.« Die Schüler quälten sich durch den Film, konnten ihn aber nicht zuende schauen. Jemand hatte die letzten 20 Minuten überspielt – mit einem Stummfilmwesternklassiker namens Tumbleweeds. Die Videothek zog daraufhin die einzige in Paris, Texas ausleihbare Kopie von Paris, Texas aus dem Verkehr.
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Travis
Travis by Thomas Lohr
Sweater vintage, seen at Beyond Retro, London.
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Travis
Dress vintage, seen at Beyond Retro, London, and gloves by Cerruti. Left: jacket by Jil Sander, shorts by Louise Goldin, and shoes by Manolo Blahnik.
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Top by Stella McCartney Kids, and jeans by Mini Boden. Right: top by Stella McCartney, and skirt vintage, seen at Beyond Retro, London.
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Travis
Laura wears green jacket and skirt by Prada. Ziggy wears T-shirt by American Apparel, pants by Mini Boden. Left: pant suit by Hermès, belt by Paul Smith, and platform shoes by Topshop Unique.
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Dress by Versace, and shoes by Christian Louboutin.
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Dress by Sonia Rykiel. Right: Laura wears skirt pants by Jil Sander, and sleeveless blouse by Tata Naka. Ziggy wears T-shirt by American Apparel, pants by Mini Boden, and socks by pantherella.
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Photographer Thomas Lohr Fashion editor Katy Lassen Hair Oliver de Almeida using Aveda Make up Phillipe Miletto using Chanel Model Laura Blokhina at Viva Set design David Curtis-Ring Fashion editor’s assistants Philip Smith and Aaro Murphy Dress by Jean Paul Gaultier, and shoes by Jil Sander.
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Parisien by Markus Jans
Photographer Markus Jans Fashion editor Isabelle Thiry Hair Stephanie Farouze, www.stephaniefarouze.com Make up Martena Duss, www.martenaduss.ch Models Maaike at Select, Nicola Jovanovic at Viva Models Berlin Photographer’s assistant Jana Gerberding Fashion editor’s assistant Lorena Maza Support Paris Uli Semmler
Dress by Viktor & Rolf, and necklace by Aurélie Bidermann.
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Blindtext vest by Blindtext, jersey pants by Blindtext, socks by Blindtext, and foam rings custom made. Left page: Blindtext knit jumper by Blindtext, wide rubber pants by Blindtext, leather cap by Blindtext.
Gilet and pants by Dior Homme. Left: semi-transparent dress, leather corset and harness by Hermès.
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Turtleneck sweater, skirt and shoes by Chloé, necklace by Aurélie Bidermann. Right: Dress by Valentino.
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Shorts and tank top by Alexis Mabille. Left: jacket, shirt and pants by Louis Vuitton.
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Blindtext vest by Blindtext, jersey pants by Blindtext, socks by Blindtext, and foam rings custom made. Left page: Blindtext knit jumper by Blindtext, wide rubber pants by Blindtext, leather cap by Blindtext.
Shirt dress by Cacharel. Right: shirt and pants by Céline.
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Coat with inside belt and pants, both by Lanvin. Left: jacket, T-shirt and shorts by Chanel, and necklaces by Esther Perbandt.
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Blouson, waistcoat, shorts and sandals by YSL. Right: blouse and shorts by Valentino.
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Feather sweater by Alexandre Vauthier Couture.
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Special Delivery
by Thomas Brown and Sarah May
Photographer Markus Jans Fashion editor Isabelle Thiry Fashion editor’s assistants Blindtext Grooming Blindtext at Blindtext using Blindtext
Photographer Thomas Brown
Model BlindtexT at Blindtext
Set design/art direction Sarah May
Photographer’s assistant Blindtext
Photographer’s assistant Amy Currell Set designer’s assistant Linnea Apelqvist
Silk shirt by Sager Forsberg, military pants by Maison Martin Margiela, leather cap by Mint Vintage, London, shoes by Nike, socks by Umbro, and foam belt custom made.
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Golden blouse by Jayne Pierson, headpiece by Emma Yeo.
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Special Delivery
Striped jacket by Jayne Pierson, Pelican Light by Abigail Ahern.
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Special Delivery
Red dress by Aqua, vases by Phil Cuttance at Darkroom.
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Clutch by Burberry Prorsum, silver Happy Happy Bow by Stephen Johnson.
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Special Delivery
Moving fashion from Paris to Texas and beyond
Golden heels by Vivienne Westwood, black and red shoes by Rob Goodwin.
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Since nothing moves faster than fashion trends, fashion has to be moved fast. From the collections presented at Paris Fashion Week to the latest arrivals at a concept store in Austin, Texas: if fashion ain’t on time, it’s outa fashion. No wonder DHL is the partner of choice for so many fashion-world inhabitants, from designers to retailers. As official logistics partner and sponsor of 23 fashion
weeks worldwide, from Berlin to Tokyo, DHL really knows how to handle fashion efficiently. Even designer royalty like Vivienne Westwood rely on its service: DHL will make sure that the exhibits in »Vivienne Westwood Shoes: An Exhibition 1973 - 2010«, first shown in London last fall and conceived as a traveling exhibition, will always reach their destination. www.dhl-brandworld.com 117
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Dallas / France
by Markus Pritzi
Photographer Markus Pritzi Fashion editor Isabelle Thiry Model Paolo Anchisi at Ford Models New York Grooming Gregor Makris at Bigoudi Photographer’s assistant Pascal Gambarte Fashion editor’s assistant Lorena Maza Digital service D-I Services Retouching PX1 Group Casting Melanie Constein Production Jacqueline Pusch at JPPS Support Paris Uli Semmler Shirt and denim longsleeve with V-neck by Prada, and hat by Stetson.
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Polo shirt by Olivier Borde. Right: coat and leather pants by Burberry Prorsum and denim shirt by Lee.
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Shirt and pants by Viktor & Rolf, belt by Acne, and bow tie YSL vintage. Left: denim waistcoat by Dries van Noten, sweatshirt and shirt by Kris van Assche, jeans by Boss Orange, and boots vintage.
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Baseball jacket vintage, and denim jacket by Lee.
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Leather waistcoat by Maison Martin Margiela, and hat by Stetson. Right: cropped shirt by Calvin Klein Collection, and jeans by Lee.
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Shirt by Dries van Noten, and jeans by Boss Orange. Right: coat by Gaspard Yurkievich, cardigan by Pringle of Scotland, and T-Shirt by Sansovino6.
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Denim jacket by Wrangler Blue Bell. Left: Sweater by Prada.
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Denim jacket with leather sleeves by Olivier Borde, sweatshirt by COS, pants by Paul & Joe, and boots vintage.
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La Cité
la cite Photographer Fred Jacobs
by Fred Jacobs Romain wears Destroyer Jacket by Nike Sportswear, T-shirt by Levis, jeans by Closed, and sneakers by Nike Air Vengeance Vintage Sportswear. Martin wears check shirt by Weekday, jeans by Tiger of Sweden, sneakers by Nike Air Vengeance Vintage Sportswear, and hat by Rag & Bone.
Fashion editor Lorena Maza Hair/Make up Gilles Degivry Models Romain at Major Models Paris, Martin at Angels & Demons
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Romain wears Destroyer Jacket by Nike Sportswear, T-shirt by Levis, jeans by Closed, sneakers by Nike Air Vengeance Vintage Sportswear, and skateboard vintage.
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Martin wears Destroyer Jacket by Nike Sportswear.
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La Cité
Romain wears Windrunner by Nike, denim jacket by Wrangler Blue Bell, jeans by Weekday, and sneakers by Nike Air Vengeance Vintage Sportswear. Martin wears Destroyer Jacket by Nike Sportswear, jeans by Closed, and sneakers by Nike Air Vengeance Vintage Sportswear.
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true Glitz
The heart of the cowboy myth is freedom. But different interpretations of freedom have created an image flawed by contradictions, and by fashion choices a true cowboy would never have made. Am wichtigsten war den Cowboys die Freiheit. Auch, was ihren Kleidungsstil betraf. Mit dem, was wir uns heute unter einem typischen Cowboy-Outfit vorstellen, hatte der allerdings nichts zu tun.
Text by David Ottosson
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In 1884, Theodore Roosevelt, a 26-year old widower from New York, moved to Dakota to try his hand at ranching, having bought in advance, aside from the ranch itself, Stetson hats and a bowie knife at Tiffany’s. Roosevelt’s adventure ended two years later when his entire herd froze to death, but he never stopped loving the range and leaned heavily on a romanticizing of cowboy culture to reach presidency – »My hat’s in the ring« was one of his campaign slogans. America’s other cowboy president, elected one century later, represented a different concept of liberty, explained by Jean Baudrillard in his analysis of Reagan’s America: »The liberated man [...] is the man who changes spaces, who circulates, who changes sex, clothes, and habits according to fashion, rather than morality [...]. This is practical liberation whether we like it or not, whether or not we deplore its wastefulness and its obscenity.« The Old West boasted a variety of interesting types (Roosevelt describes a Badlands street scene containing wildly heterogeneous groups like trappers, Indians, wolfers and »silent sheep herders with cast-down faces, never able to forget the thought of the woolly idiots they pass all their days in tending«), but it was the cowboy, of all these groups, that was chosen to symbolize America. The heart of the cowboy myth is freedom. But different interpretations of freedom have created a myth flawed by contradictions. And so it is, once again, time to fight for the soul of the cowboy. The cowboy’s influence on fashion has ebbed and flowed consistently over the past hundred years, with a new wave cresting at the moment. The last big wave came in the early nineties, prompting Lesley Cunliffe to write in British Vogue that »a vast part of the Paris collections [...] resembled the aftermath of a major explosion on a Hollywood backlot, in which the costume archives of all the Westerns ever made were hurled into the air.« The collections presented
1884 zog Theodore Roosevelt, gerade 26 Jahre alt und frisch verwitwet, von New York nach Dakota, um sich als Rancher zu versuchen. Trotz passender Kopf bedeckung (Stetson) und Bewaffnung (Bowiemesser von Tiffany) endete das Abenteuer nach nur zwei Jahren, als ihm seine gesamte Viehherde erfror. Seine Liebe zur Ranch blieb davon allerdings genauso unberührt wie sein romantisiertes Bild vom freiheitsliebenden Cowboy, das er als Präsidentschaftskandidat gern mit markigen Sprüchen beschwor. Ein Jahrhundert später wählte Amerika einen weiteren Cowboy zum Präsidenten, allerdings hatte der eine etwas andere Vorstellung von Freiheit. In seiner Analyse über die Reagan-Ära schreibt Jean Baudrillard: »Der freie Mann ist in Bewegung, er wechselt Ort, Geschlecht, Kleidung und Habitus, wie es die Mode verlangt und nicht die Moral ...[ ]... Egal wie obszön uns das erscheinen mag, das ist die wahre Freiheit.« Der Wilde Westen kannte viele verschiedene Typen (Roosevelt beschreibt eine bunte Mischung aus Trappern, Indianern, Wilderern und Schafhirten, »die niemandem in die Augen blicken und an nichts als an die wollenen Idioten denken, um die sie sich tagtäglich kümmern«), doch es war der Cowboy, der zu einem allumfassenden Symbol für Amerika werden sollte. Die Quintessenz des Cowboy-Mythos ist die Freiheit. Der Begriff der Freiheit aber kennt viele Definitionen, und so ist es nicht verwunderlich, daß der Mythos heute geprägt ist von Widersprüchen. Es wird Zeit, sich wieder auf die wahre Seele des Cowboys zu besinnen. Ein Einfluß der Cowboy-Kultur auf die Mode ist seit etwa 100 Jahren auszumachen und seit letztem Jahr wieder auf einem neuen Höhepunkt. Der erste Cowboy-Overkill überzog die Modelandschaft in den frühen neunziger Jahren und glich laut Lesley Cunliffe von der englischen Vogue »dem Trümmerfeld nach einer Explosion sämtli143
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Looks: Ashish, Spring-Summer 2011. Boots: Rocketbuster. Located in El Paso, the »capital of cowboy boots«, Rocketbuster, a favorite with Hollywood royalty and the aesthetically most daring of all cowboy boot makers, only produces about 500 pairs of handmade boots per year.
a strange mix: Ralph Lauren launched his faux vintage Double RL, which looked like something out of »Little House on the Prairie«, whereas Thierry Mugler and Rifat Ozbek focused on depravity – a take that is represented today by Gaultier and Ashish. Versace captured the difference perfectly: »The great Wild West revival we are experiencing probably depends on America’s need to take possession of its roots again, while Europe feels a great attraction toward the refreshing Western myth [...] What is certain is that the Wild West revival isn’t simply retro. It is a panacea for something that has been ailing us for a long time – the late twentieth century.« Versace nailed the fact that whereas Europeans saw the cowboy as an exotic flavor, Americans saw a possible cure for post-modernism. Today’s new wave of cowboy movies and fashion might be a response to the global economic crisis – the cowboy represents a disregard for fashion that appeals to moralists and empty pockets alike. Cowboy gear developed from practical not style considerations: pointed, highheeled boots make it easy to hold on to stirrups, broad-rimmed hats protect from sun and large silk scarves keep off dust. What today is considered the classic cowboy look, however, has been influenced by stylistic choices. The »Fish Brand« pommel slickers popular with real cowboys for example, have been consistently substituted in films with historically inaccurate Australian dusters (most likely due to the angry mustard yellow color of the original slickers). And jeans, considered the key cowboy item, weren’t actually worn by most cowboys until the 1920s. Whereas our idea of cowboy style has little to do with the original, our idea of true cowboy behavior comes pretty close to what Roosevelt observed in the cowboys of his day, who »cut mad antics, riding their horses into the saloons, firing their pistols right and left, from boisterous light-heartedness rather than from any viciousness.« But then we 144
cher Kostümarchive aller je produzierter Western in Hollywood.« Die Kollektionen boten ein entsprechend gemischtes Bild: Ralph Laurens Pseudo-Vintage-Linie Double RL erinnerte verdächtig an »Unsere kleine Farm«, während sich Thierry Mugler und Rifat Ozbek eher auf die verdorbene Seite des Wilden Westens konzentrierten – so wie heute Gaultier und Ashish. Versace brachte es damals auf den Punkt: »Dieses Wild West-Revival ist Amerikas Versuch, sich wieder seiner Wurzeln zu bemächtigen, während Europa eher den Mythos feiert ...[ ]... Mit Sicherheit ist dieses Revival nicht einfach nur als Retro-Trend zu verstehen, sondern eher als Allheilmittel für ein uns schon lange belastendes Übel – das späte zwanzigste Jahrhundert.« Während der Cowboy für die Europäer also nur exotisches Beiwerk war, sahen die Amerikaner in ihm den möglichen Erlöser von der Beliebigkeit des Post-Modernismus. Die gegenwärtige Cowboywelle in Mode und Film kann als Reaktion auf die jüngste Weltwirtschaftskrise verstanden werden: des Viehhüters Ignoranz gegenüber modischem Schnickschnack erfreut Moralisten genauso wie leere Geldbeutel. Der Cowboy-Stil ist ja nicht das Resultat modischer, sondern praktischer Überlegungen. Spitze Absatzschuhe finden besser Halt in den Steigbügeln, die breite Hutkrempe schützt vor der Sonne und große Halstücher vor dem Staub. Was wir heute als »klassischen« Cowboy-Look begreifen, wurde allerdings sehr wohl von stilistischen Entscheidungen geprägt. Die von echten Cowboys benutzten »Fish Brand«-Regenmäntel wurden in Filmen systematisch durch die australischen Dusters ersetzt (wahrscheinlich des penetranten Senfgelbs des Originals wegen). Und das ikonischste Kleidungsstück überhaupt, die Jeans, setzte sich bei Cowboys erst in den zwanziger Jahren durch. Während unsere Vorstellung von einem authentischen Cowboy-Outfit also nicht viel mit
Looks: Jean Paul Gaultier, Spring-Summer 2009. Photo© P. Stable. Boots: Stallion. Offering real Texan boots for fashion cowboys, Stallion owner and designer Pedro Munoz creates collections for the likes of Dolce & Gabbana, Ralph Lauren and Christian Dior.
cannot necessarily trust that romantic Roosevelt, and latterly cowboys, although they still enjoyed the freedom of moving through vast open space, weren’t known to test the limits of social freedom. They were as tame as the cattle they tended, making them a good fit for conservatives like Reagan and Bush. And regardless of numerous attempts to subvert the cowboy image or open it up to more liberal interpretations – from the Tom of Finland print of naked and excited cowboys Malcolm McLaren and Vivienne Westwood printed on a T-shirt for Sid Vicious in 1976, to the recent screenplay Brokeback Mountain – cowboy culture seems to remain in the hands of the conservatives and, looking at the volunteer guards of the Mexican border, even the intolerant. The simplification and thus limitation of today’s cowboy image doesn’t only contradict the idea of freedom associated with the US original, but also the complexity of the cowboy’s ancestry rooted in South America. Darwin, while staying at an Argentinian tavern in 1832, observed: »During the evening a great number of Gauchos came in to drink spirits and smoke cigars: their appearance is very striking; they are generally tall and handsome, but with a proud and dissolute expression of countenance. […] With their brightly coloured garments, great spurs clanking about their heels, and knives stuck as daggers (and often so used) at their waists, they look a different race of men from what might be expected from their name of Gauchos, or simple countrymen. Their politeness is excessive; they never drink their spirits without expecting you to taste it; but whilst making their exceedingly graceful bow, they seem quite as ready, if occasion offered, to cut your throat.« The cowboy term of endearment, »buckaroo«, is a bastardization of vacquiero, a class of cowboy originating in the 17th century. The culture of open range ranching was borrowed wholesale from South America. Chaps is simply short for chapererros, and if you asked a
dem Ursprung zu tun hat, kommt die gemeine Ansicht über Cowboytypisches Verhalten den Beschreibungen Roosevelts doch sehr nahe: »Sie ziehen Grimassen, stürmen auf dem Pferd in die Saloons, schießen wild herum und sind von ungestümer und leichtfertiger Natur, wenn auch nicht bösartig«. Nun kann man aber den Erzählungen des romantisch veranlagten Roosevelt nicht uneingeschränkt trauen. Die späteren Cowboys jedenfalls zogen zwar nach wie vor durch das grenzenlos weite Land, standen aber nicht gerade für gesellschaftliche Grenzüberschreitungen. Im Gegenteil, sie galten als genauso zahm wie die Rinder, die sie hüteten. Wie gemacht also für das konservative Weltbild von Reagan und Bush. Ungeachtet aller Bestrebungen, das Cowboy-Image zu unterwandern oder zu liberalisieren – man denke an die Motive nackter und erregter Cowboys von Tom of Finland, wie sie Malcolm McLaren und Vivienne Westwood für Sid Vicious 1976 auf T-Shirts druckten, oder an die homoerotische Komponente der Cowboy-Freundschaft im Film Brokeback Mountain – haben die Konservativen das Cowboy-Image für sich gepachtet und teilen es, betrachtet man die Entwicklungen an der mexikanischen Grenze, scheinbar nur noch mit den Intoleranten. Diese Simplifizierung widerspricht jedoch nicht nur der Idee von Freiheit, die untrennbar mit dem US-amerikanischen Original verbunden ist, sondern ignoriert auch deren südamerikanische Wurzeln. Darwin beobachtet während eines Aufenthalts in einer argentinischen Taverne 1832 folgende Szene: »Am Abend kamen die Gauchos in großer Zahl, um Schnaps zu trinken und Zigarren zu rauchen. Ihr Aussehen ist bestechend: sie sind meist von großer Statur und gutaussehend, gezeichnet von Stolz und Verwegenheit ...[ ]... In bunter Kleidung, mit silbernen Sporen an den Fersen und Messern wie Dolche (die sie auch so nutzen), werden sie ihrer Bezeichnung nicht gerecht – ›Gaucho‹ 145
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Looks (from left): Adam Kimmel, Spring-Summer 2010. Photo© Jim Krantz. Diesel Black Gold, Spring-Summer 2011. Boots: Lucchese. Over the past 150 years uncountable alligators have lost their lives to the Lucchese family business. Finest leather boots at prices up to 12.500 dollars.
cowboy about his cowboy hat, he would have answered »you mean my sombrero?« The cattle frontier, according to Michael J. Herron, was a place »where the Anglo-Saxon and the Aztec met and mingled.« And, according to Roosevelt, whatever nationalities were represented, »cowboys are more like each other, and less like anyone else.« The binding element was that of freedom, of both movement and fashion. A class that consciously separated itself from others, like hipsters or aristocrats. While that sense of class and social freedom was almost entirely smothered by the turn of the century, cowboy fashion lived on in the garish outfits of country singers and trick-riders. Specialist tailors like Rodeo Ben and Nathan Turk developed a new Americana, drawing on European folk costumes, Native American and Mexican embroidery. But the strongest expression of cowboy attitude in fashion came from an immigrant tailor from a Russian stetl. In the 1930s, Nudie Cohn was running a lingerie boutique next to Time Square called »Nudie’s Ladies«, where he served New York’s burlesque performers. Eventually it dawned on him that he could use the rhinestone-studded gold and silver cloth worn by the strippers to make a cowboy suit. »It wouldn’t be enough, I thought, to simply have entertainers as my customers. There’s no glory for the guy who shortens the pants of a big star. Who cares about the cleaner who gets the lipstick stains off a sex symbol’s shirt? […] My creations would be worn by great stars the world over and they’d really stand out so that my clothes would be as famous as the people in them.« Nudie brought Buffalo Bill’s strain of cowboy extravagance to its logical conclusion, developing the gold lamé suit worn by Elvis, Gram Parsons’ suits with their pill embroideries, and the muscle cars decorated with horns. Commenting on the men in »blue serge suits« that made up American Society, Nudie seemed 146
bezeichnet einfacher Landbewohner. Ihr Anstand gebietet es ihnen, niemals allein zu trinken, doch während sie sich überschwänglich vor Dir verbeugen, scheinen sie bereit, Dir bei erstbester Gelegenheit die Kehle durchzuschneiden.« »Buckaroo«, wie ein Cowboy seine Kollegen bisweilen zärtlich nennt, ist eine Ableitung der Bezeichnung »vacquiero« für eine Klasse von südamerikanischen Viehtreibern, wie sie seit dem 17. Jahrhundert existiert. Überhaupt wurde die Kultur der offenen Viehzucht eins zu eins aus Südamerika übernommen. »Chaps« ist nichts anderes als die Kurzform von »chapererros«, und fragt man einen Cowboy nach seinem Hut, wird er sagen, »meinst Du meinen sombrero?« Michael J. Herron schuf den Ausdruck der »cattle frontier« und beschrieb damit eine imaginäre Nation, deren Hoheitsgebiet allein vom Zug der Viehherden bestimmt wurde und »in der sich Angelsachsen und Azteken begegneten und mischten«, während Roosevelt die Frage der Nationalität mit der Bemerkung in den Hintergrund rückte, daß »Cowboys in erster Linie sich selbst ähnlicher sind, als daß sie sich von anderen unterscheiden«. Beide Aussagen betonen das Element der Unabhängigkeit einer Klasse, die sich räumlich und dem Aussehen nach von ihren Mitmenschen abgrenzt, ähnlich dem Aristokraten oder dem Hipster. Während das Klassen- und Freiheitsbewußtsein des Cowboys mit Beginn des 20. Jahrhunderts schwand, lebte sein spezieller Kleidungsstil in den kitschigen Outfits von Country-Sängern und Truckern fort. Designer wie Rodeo Ben und Nathan Turk entwarfen für ein neues Amerika und vermischten fröhlich Europäische Folklore mit indianischen Mustern und mexikanischer Stickereikunst. Den krassesten Beitrag zur Cowboy-Mode aber leistete ein aus einem russischen Stetl emigrierter Schneider: In den dreißiger Jahren führte Nudie Cohn
Looks (from left): Ralph Lauren, Spring-Summer 2011. Western shirt by Rockmount. Jack A. Weil started the Rockmount family business in 1946. A true pioneer in Western wear, he created the first shirt with snaps. House of Toi, Spring-Summer 2011. Photo© Eka Halim. Boots: Rocketbuster. Hats: Stetson, Spring-Summer 2011. When J.B. Stetson invented his most famous hat model ever, the »Boss of the Plains« in the early 1860ies, »Stetson« became a synonym for »cowboy hat«.
to perfectly channel the attitude of the original cowboys, with grit that expressed itself in glitz instead of violence: »They’d like to be dressed like me, but they haven’t got the guts.« The cowboy seems increasingly unsuited for today’s America, where even freedom of movement is under attack. Perhaps it is time for the cowboy to be reclaimed by the type of garish immigrants, deviants and other fringe-dwellers that created cowboy culture in the first place.
eine Wäscheboutique am New Yorker Times Square. Bei »Nudie’s Ladies« gingen die Burlesktänzerinnen der damaligen Zeit ein und aus. Irgendwann dämmerte es ihm, daß man alle möglichen Kleidungstücke mit Strass besetzen konnte. Auch Cowboyanzüge. »Ich will nicht mehr einfach nur Bühnenkünstler bedienen. Es ist nicht sehr ruhmreich, einem Star die Hosen zu kürzen, und kein Mensch will wissen, wer dem Sexsymbol den Lippenstift vom Hemd kratzt. Meine Kreationen sollen von den größten Stars der Welt getragen werden und genauso berühmt sein wie die Träger selbst«, beschloß Nudie und führte die Extravaganz eines Buffalo Bills in neue Dimensionen. Er entwarf die Goldlamé-Anzüge für Elvis, die bestickten Jacken für Country-Rocker Gram Parsons, und er erfand die legendären Hörner am Kühler von Muscle-Cars. Nudie ließ Glitzerapplikationen statt Fäuste sprechen, aber keiner verkörperte die Haltung eines wahren Cowboys besser als er. Mit leicht spöttischem Blick auf die blauen Zweireiher der amerikanischen Gesellschaft erkannte er: »Sie würden sich gern so kleiden wie ich, aber sie haben nicht den Mumm dazu.« Der Cowboy scheint immer mehr weniger zu Amerika zu passen, in ein Land, das einst die Freiheit zum höchsten Gut ausrief und heute Normabweichungen als Bedrohung versteht. Vielleicht müssen sich jene Gesellschaftsgruppen – Einwanderer, Außenseiter und Sonderlinge – den Cowboy wieder zu eigen machen, die den Mythos einst überhaupt erst erschufen.
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Lost Trail
Text by Hili Perlson
Nobody seems to know that black cowboys were a prominent feature of life in nineteenth century America. Andrea Robbins and Max Becher, known for their documentary-type examinations of hybrid cultural identities, photographed the people who are reclaiming this legacy and keeping the black cowboy tradition alive. Kaum jemand weiß heute noch, daß im 19. Jahrhundert viele Cowboys Afroamerikaner waren. Das Photographenpaar Andrea Robbins und Max Becher, bekannt für seine dokumentarisch anmutenden Betrachtungen kultureller Übersetzungsfehler, hat Menschen portraitiert, die das Vermächtnis und die Tradition der schwarzen Cowboys am Leben halten. Andrea Robbins and Max Becher, Jonny Allen, Bill Pickett Rodeo, Oakland, California, 2010. All images archival digital prints, 76.2 × 88.2 cm each (framed).
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All images courtesy the artists.
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Jim Dine, Walking to Borås, 2007. Acrylic paint on patinated cast bronze, 9.14 × 4 .95 × 4 .19 m. Installation view town of Borås, Sweden. Photo © Jan Berg, courtesy PaceWildenstein, New York.
Andrea Robbins and Max Becher, Clifford Salter, Los Angeles, California, 2010.
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Whatever notions we have of the cowboy and probably everything we think we know about this quintessentially American icon would, when poised against historical facts, be exposed as a construct, a commercial product, fabricated and sustained by the dream factory of Hollywood. Rather than blazing guns and loner silhouettes riding into the sunset, the real-life men who worked as cowboys and populated the West had a rather mundane, if arduous, lifestyle. What’s more, thousands of them were black. The little known truth is that at the height of the cattle ranching period, over one third of cowboys were African American and by the time the cattle drives of legend had ended, thousands of black men had worked as cowboys. The myth-making began with dime novels penned by authors who wrote embellished accounts of the exploits of figures like William »Buffalo Bill« Cody and other men who possibly filled a cultural void and satisfied the need for hero mythology in the difficult years immediately following the Civil War. In the 1880s, artists produced drawings for national magazines that cast cowboys in a dramatic and romanticized light, providing the imagery to go with the myth. But it was Owen Wister's 1902 novel The Virginian that really created the salient image of the cowboy as a gallant yet sensitive loner who upholds his own strict code of honor whatever the cost. The novel was dedicated
Unser Bild vom Cowboy, diesem Erzsymbol Amerikas, würde einer historischen Überprüfung kaum standhalten. Es würde entlarvt als Konstrukt, als ein kommerzielles Produkt, genährt von der Traumfabrik Hollywood. Die wahren Cowboys führten ein profanes und anstrengendes Leben, ohne rauchende Colts und einsames Reiten in den Sonnenuntergang. Und was erst recht nicht ins Bild paßt: viele von ihnen – zur Hochzeit des Viehtriebs jeder dritte – waren schwarz. Der Mythos des Cowboys entstand in der zweiten Hälfte des 19. Jahrhunderts mit dem Erscheinen der Billigromane, in denen eine geschönte Welt gezeichnet wurde und die Heldentaten von Figuren wie William »Buffalo Bill« Cody das kulturelle Vakuum füllten, das kurz nach dem Ende des Bürgerkriegs entstanden war. Romantisierte Zeichnungen von Cowboys in Zeitschriften nährten den Mythos zusätzlich. Aber erst Owen Wisters Roman The Virginian von 1902 zementierte das Bild des Cowboys als ritterlicher und zugleich sensibler Einzelgänger, dessen oberstes Gebot die Einhaltung des Ehrenkodex ist. Der Roman war dem Rough Rider und guten Freund des Autors gewidmet, Theodore Roosevelt. Im frühen zwanzigsten Jahrhundert waren die afroamerikanischen Cowboys noch Teil des Mythos – wie zum Beispiel der berühmte Nat Love, dessen Memoiren 1907 erschienen. Ab den fünfziger Jahren
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Andrea Robbins and Max Becher, Rider III, Laday’s Arena, Lovelady, Texas, 2010.
to Theodore Roosevelt, a good friend of the author and the original Rough Rider. While in the early 20th century, black cowboys were still allowed to participate in the popular myth to some extent – like the famous Nat Love whose memoirs were published in 1907 – in the 1950s and 60s, when Westerns peaked in popularity, blacks were all but erased from cowboy culture. Hollywood’s commercially driven exclusion of black cowboys sealed its fate in the collective consciousness and popular culture. »By strict attention to business, borne of a genuine love of the free and wild life of the range, and absolute fearlessness, I became known throughout the country as a good all around cow boy and a splendid hand in a stampede.« Nat Love (1854 - 1921), one of the most famous black cowboys. Even the term cowboy is said to have originated on slave plantations where jobs had titles like houseboy, field boy and cowboy. The term later came to refer to the men who drove herds of cattle from ranch land in Texas over hundreds of miles of rough and dangerous terrain to the stockyards in the North, a trip taking two to three months. On those trails, a typical herding crew would consist of one trail chief, eight cow-
allerdings, als der Western-Hype seinem Höhepunkt entgegensteuerte, waren die schwarzen Cowboys auf einmal verschwunden – eine Lücke im kollektiven Gedächtnis, für die das kommerziell gesteuerte Hollywood verantwortlich zeichnete. »Meiner strikten Konzentration auf die Arbeit, die der aufrichtigen Liebe zur Freiheit und der Wildnis entstammt, und meiner absoluten Furchtlosigkeit ist es zu verdanken, daß ich im ganzen Land als guter Cowboy und verläßlicher Viehtreiber bekannt wurde«. Nat Love (1854 - 1921), einer der berühmtesten schwarzen Cowboys. Sogar das Wort »Cowboy« stammt von der Sklavenplantage, wo es Jobs wie Houseboy, Fieldboy und eben auch Cowboy gab. Später beschrieb das Wort die Reiter, die das Vieh über hunderte von Meilen durch rauhes und gefährliches Terrain trieben, bis sie nach zwei bis drei Monaten die Viehhöfe im Norden erreichten. Ein Team bestand üblicherweise aus einem Trail chief, also dem Anführer, acht Cowboys, einem Wrangler, der sich um die Pferde kümmerte, und einem Koch. Nach der Abschaffung der Sklaverei zogen viele ehemalige Sklaven die schwere, aber ehrliche Arbeit als Cowboy der Pachtlandwirtschaft vor. Historiker gehen davon aus, daß jedem solcher Teams zwei bis drei schwarze Cowboys angehörten. Die weißen und schwarzen Cowboys 151
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Andrea Robbins and Max Becher, Four Cowgirls in Black, Janetta Blanding, Jeanette Bellinger (twins), on horseback, Sharia Na’en and her mother, Ciandra Na’en
Andrea Robbins and Max Becher, Kareem, Harlem, New York, 2010.
and brother, Swainsboro, Georgia, 2010.
boys, a wrangler to take care of the horses, and a cook. After abolition, many former slaves preferred the independence of the difficult but dignified cowboy lifestyle to sharecropping. Some historians estimate that an average crew would have included two or three black cowboys. Accordingly, black and white cowboys depended on each other – they rode, ate, and camped together. Though today, the image of the cowboy in white Stetson may be associated with political conservatism or even racism, in the 19th century, black cowboys encountered less discrimination than in most other occupations at the time. Nat Love summed up their code of honor: »There a man’s work was to be done, and a man’s life to be lived, and when death was to be met, he met it like a man.« At the end of an arduous cattle drive, the cowboys would arrive at the cattle market towns of the Wild West, where thieves and gunslingers were abundant. Although the majority of cowboys, black or white, were law-abiding, there were a few famous black outlaws. One, Cherokee Bill, was known to be as vengeful as Billy the Kid and was hanged before his 20th birthday. With the completion of railroad lines to the West in the 1890s, the cowboy’s world had changed. Long rides were rendered unnecessary and barbed-wire fences now blocked the legendary Chisholm and Western trails. Some old cowboys, like Love, found work on the railroads 152
waren voneinander abhängig, sie ritten, aßen und lagerten zusammen. Und obwohl heute das Bild des Cowboys mit Stetson mit politischem Konservatismus oder sogar Rassismus gleichgesetzt wird, begegneten die schwarzen Cowboys des neunzehnten Jahrhunderts in ihrem Job weniger Diskriminierung als in den meisten anderen Berufen. Sie alle einte der Ehrenkodex, den Nat Love so zusammenfaßt: »Die Arbeit mußte getan und das Leben gelebt werden, und wenn der Tod anklopfte, begegnete man ihm wie ein Mann.« Am Ende der mühseligen Touren durch die Prärie warteten auf die Cowboys die Wildwest-Städte mit den Viehmärkten, in denen sich Diebe und Revolverhelden tummelten. Und obwohl die meisten Cowboys gesetzestreu waren, gab es auch ein paar berühmte schwarze Banditen. Einer von ihnen, Cherokee Bill, war dafür bekannt, Billy the Kid in Sachen Rachsucht in nichts nachzustehen. Er wurde noch vor seinem zwanzigsten Geburtstag gehängt. Mit der Vollendung der Eisenbahnstrecken Ende des 19. Jahrhunderts veränderte sich auch die Welt der Cowboys. Die langen Ritte waren nicht länger nötig, und Stacheldrahtzäune blockierten nun die legendären Herdenwege wie den Chisholm Trail. Einige Cowboys wie Love fanden Arbeit bei der Eisenbahn als Pullman porters, also Schaffner. Andere wurden Pferdepfleger und Bereiter. Und wieder andere
and became known as Pullman porters. Others continued to work on ranches as broncobusters who tamed wild mustangs. Still others, like Bill Pickett, put their riding, roping, and shooting skills to use on the rodeo and vaudeville circuits. But in the world of competitive rodeos that continued to develop in the 20th century, even famous black cowboys such as Pickett – the inventor of a popular steer wrestling event known as »bull dogging« – were either excluded or only permitted to compete after the close of the main events. This segregation created the need for a separate black rodeo culture that lives on even today. This obfuscated part of history calls for a reexamination of cowboy iconography and, with their series »Black Cowboys«, photographers Andrea Robbins and Max Becher did exactly that. The duo’s work has been referred to by the New York Times as »postmodern National Geographic«. The couple focuses primarily on visual information that represents a transportation of place, or »situations in which one limited or isolated place strongly resembles another distant one«, as they describe it. For their series, the couple visited gatherings of black riding clubs which meet regularly across the United States and hold trail rides, rodeo competitions and charity events. These are often depicted as a blur-
machten ihre Fähigkeiten im Reiten und Schießen auf den Rodeos und in den Wanderzirkussen zu Geld. Aber die Welt der Wettbewerbsrodeos stand selbst den berühmtesten schwarzen Cowboys wie Bill Picket, der das populäre »bull dogging« erfunden hatte, nicht offen. Sie wurden entweder gar nicht zugelassen oder nur in Nebenwettbewerben, die nach dem Hauptevent stattfanden. Diese Abspaltung führte zu einer sich parallel entwickelnden schwarzen Rodeokultur, die bis heute existiert. Die schwarzen Cowboys bedeuten ein vergessenes Stück Geschichte. Die Erinnerung daran verlangt danach, das Bild des Cowboys einer neuen Betrachtung zu unterziehen – und genau das haben die Photographen Andrea Robbins und Max Becher mit ihrer Serie »Black Cowboys« getan. Mit einem Blick, der von der New York Times als »postmodern National Geographic« bezeichnet wurde, konzentriert sich das Paar auf Verschiebungen von Orten oder kulturellen Phänomenen. Für ihre Arbeit über die schwarzen Cowboys besuchten die beiden verschiedene afroamerikanische Rodeoclubs, die regelmäßig Wanderritte, Rodeos und gemeinnützige Veranstaltungen organisieren. Oft verschwimmen dabei die Grenzen zwischen professionellem Cowboy und Enthusiast, urbaner und ländlicher Kultur, südlichen und nördlichen Traditionen. Diese Veranstaltungen haben den Charakter 153
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Andrea Robbins and Max Becher, Young Man with Du-Rag, Bynes Trail Ride, Swainsboro, Georgia, 2010.
ring of the lines between professional cowboy and enthusiast, country and urban culture as well as southern and northern traditions. The events also serve as the background for family reunions, introducing a younger black generation to their history and land that was left behind after the Great Migration of black Americans from the south in the early 20th century. Robbins and Becher offer a glimpse into the unexpected and manage to reintroduce this dislocated history into a new realm. In depicting what looks at first glance like culturally disjointed phenomena, the earnest imagery also confronts the viewer with his or her own presumptions and misconceptions. But more importantly, it tells a story that hasn’t been told.
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Andrea Robbins and Max Becher, Joel Russian, Ebony Horseman Trail Ride, Shelby, North Carolina, 2010.
von Familienzusammenkünften, die dazu dienen, nachfolgende Generationen mit ihrer Geschichte vertraut zu machen, die im Zuge der afroamerikanischen Migrationswelle im zwanzigsten Jahrhunderts einen Bruch erfuhr. Was Robbins und Becher mit den schwarzen Cowboys zeigen, erscheint auf den ersten Blick wie ein kulturell buchstäblich verrücktes Phänomen, bildet aber ein Stück historische Wahrheit ab. Eine Wirklichkeit, die überrascht, uns aber den Blick dafür öffnet, wie leicht wir in die Klischeefalle tappen und wie weit unsere Wahrnehmung oft von der Realität entfernt ist. In erster Linie aber erzählen diese Bilder eine Geschichte, die nie hätte vergessen werden dürfen.
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Texas tea party
by martin Klimas
Photographer Martin Klimas Gunman André Dudock Papyrus tea cups and Free Spirit combi pot by Rosenthal. All items from the »studio-line« series celebrating its 50th anniversary this year.
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Papyrus vases by Rosenthal.
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Format tea cup and saucer, combi pot, bowls, service plate, vase, and vegetable bowl by Rosenthal.
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Papyrus dish by Rosenthal.
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Chris Burden, Shoot, November 19, 1971, F Space, Santa Ana, California. »At 7:45 p.m. I was shot in the left arm by a friend. The bullet was a copper jacket 22 long rifle. My friend was standing about fifteen feet away from me.« Arguably the first performance to make an act of deliberate and immediate violence the subject of a gallery show, Chris Burden’s Shoot prompted the question as to whether this would trigger a wave of increasing violence in art. The fear turned out to be unfounded. Probably no other performance has been quoted more often than Shoot, but it was re-enacted one time only, 34 years later, by UCLA grad student Joseph Deutch. His professor urged that Deutch be expelled, before resigning himself. The professor’s name was Chris Burden.
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In Texas bored white trash kids spend their days shooting at beer cans. And Switzerland has the highest rate of gun suicide in Europe. When it comes to firearms, forget about clichés. In Texas verbringen gelangweilte Unterschichtenkinder ihre Tage damit, auf Bierdosen zu schießen. Und die Schweiz hat die höchste Selbstmordrate durch Schußwaffen der Welt. Klischees gehören erschossen. 165
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Text by Jennifer Allen
English
deutsch
I never thought I’d see Simone de Beauvoir and Jean-Paul Sartre with a gun. In the black-and-white photograph, the young Sartre is steadying the young Beauvoir’s shoulder as she fires an elegant long-stemmed pistol. With her eyes closed. The Wild West meets French feminism and existentialism. Texas, Paris. But what – or who – was the target? None other than Beauvoir and Sartre themselves. The photograph is one of many taken in the old »shooting galleries« which began to pop up at fairgrounds after WWI. At the stand, visitors were invited to shoot a target. If they hit the bull’s eye, their photograph would be taken in the same instant and offered as the prize for marksmanship. Like the stuffed animal prize, the photographic portrait turns life into a frozen eternity. While confounding life and death, the old shooting gallery explores the link between art and guns – a link that goes beyond the fusion of artists and armies that echoes in the term »avant-garde«. Many artists have used guns in their works, but few traded their paintbrushes for firearms. The strongest bond between art and guns is freedom. Both artists and gun owners share a deep belief in freedom – along with distance and autonomy – with respect to the nation-state. If the artist’s archenemy is the state censor, the gun owner’s is the state monopoly on weapons in the army and the police. Atelier van Lieshout founder Joep van Lieshout produced guns as artworks, only to have them confiscated by censors, border guards and police officers. »Making weapons isn’t interesting,« said the artist, »you don’t earn money; you only get problems. But as artworks they’re very interesting because a weapon is a strong symbol. You show people that you’re willing to fight and to die for your cause.« Live free or die. In the United States, there’s more than a symbolic bond between
Ich hätte nie gedacht, daß ich einmal Simone Beauvoir und Jean-Paul Sartre mit einem Gewehr in der Hand sehen würde. Auf einem alten Photo sichert der junge Sartre die Schulter der jungen Beauvoir, und die drückt lässig ab. Mit geschlossenen Augen. Wilder Westen trifft auf französischen Feminismus trifft auf Existentialismus. Texas, Paris. Aber wer ist im Visier? Niemand anders als Beauvoir und Sartre selbst. Das Bild wurde in einer jener Schießbuden aufgenommen, wie sie nach dem Ersten Weltkrieg auf fast jedem Volksfest zu finden waren. Ging der Schuß ins Schwarze, wurde ein Photo ausgelöst und dem Schützen als Beweis seiner Treffsicherheit übergeben. Dem gewonnenen Plüschtier gleich markiert das Photo zum Stillstand gekommenes Leben – der Schütze hat sich praktisch selbst erlegt. An diesen alten Schießbuden treffen Leben und Tod auf den Punkt genau aufeinander, und hier zeigt sich auch eine Verbindung zwischen Waffen und Kunst, und zwar sehr viel konkreter als die subtile etymologische Vereinigung von Kunst und Militär in dem Begriff »Avantgarde«. Viele Künstler haben sich in ihrer Kunst mit Waffen beschäftigt, aber kaum einer von ihnen hat seine Pinsel dagegen eingetauscht. Den größten gemeinsamen Nenner finden Kunst und Waffe im Konzept der Freiheit. Waffennarr und Künstler halten sie gleichermaßen in Ehren, glauben gleichermaßen an Autonomie und einen liberalen Staat. Während die staatliche Zensur der Erzfeind des Künstlers ist, beäugt der Waffenbesitzer argwöhnisch das staatliche Waffenmonopol von Armee und Polizei. Atelier van Lieshout produzierte einmal Pistolen als Kunstwerke, nur um sie wieder von Polizisten und Grenzwächtern konfiszieren zu lassen. »Die Herstellung der Waffen ist uninteressant für mich. Sie bringt kein Geld, sondern nur Probleme«, sagt Joep van Lieshout.
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Jean-François Lecourt, Untitled (Shot into the Camera), 1985. Digigraphy, 69 × 69 cm (framed). Courtesy Galerie Anne de Villepoix, Paris. Legend has it that Native Americans believe they will lose their soul if you photograph them. Many people feel uncomfortable at having their photographs taken. How much more uncomfortable must it feel to shoot yourself, and how much more daring is it to shoot yourself while shooting yourself? This is exactly what Jean-François Lecourt did, pulling the trigger of a gun to coincide with his camera’s autotimer. He was only shooting at reflections of himself in a mirror, you might say. But he was actually shooting himself, because to a photographer in a self-portrait what you see is what you are. Left: Simone de Beauvoir and Jean-Paul Sartre at photo shooting gallery, fairground at Porte d’Orléans, Paris, June 1929. © Jazz Editions/Gamma/ Eyedea. Courtesy C/O Berlin. Exploring the analogy between shooting with a gun and a camera, the exhibition »SHOOT!« at C/O Berlin also offers visitors the immediate experience of shooting their portrait at a shooting gallery just like de Beauvoir and Sartre. Until 3 April, 2011. www.co-berlin.info
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Stephen Shore, Gun & Locksmith, 3rd Ave., Ashland, WI, July 10, 1973, 1973 - 2007. During his second road trip across the United States in the seventies, Stephen Shore collected photographs which would later lead to the series »Uncommon Places«. Deliberately considered in terms of format, the series attempts to interpret the American vernacular as it zones in on details of modern life, from generic motel rooms to monotonous gas stations. Or gun stores like this one in Ashland, Wisconsin. The touchingly helpless and futile attempt to create an appealing window display endows the wares with a deceptive sense of harmlessness, even inoperability.
artworks and guns. The artist’s desire to protect freedom of expression is a small historical step away from the gun owner’s desire to possess firearms. In the American Constitution, freedom of speech was the First Amendment, quickly followed by the Second Amendment guaranteeing the right to bear arms. Both amendments were adopted on December 15, 1791 and have since been fiercely debated – most recently in one great debate about the shooting of Arizona Congresswoman Gabrielle Giffords in Tucson. For some, freedom of speech had devolved into a hatred that motivated the assassin while liberal gun control laws had facilitated his attack. For others, the massacre was the work of a lone madman – and one man’s madness was not a reason to touch collective rights protected by the First and Second Amendments. Of course, Texas has been an enduring symbol for exercising both freedoms, despite joining the United States as the 28th state in 1845 – long after the Declaration of Independence in 1776, the writing of the American Constitution in 1787 and the Amendments of 1791. Texas’s nickname – »The Lone Star State« – not only reflects the single star on its flag but also its successful struggle for independence from Mexico during the Texas Revolution in 1835. That revolution was not the last time that Texas asserted its starry loner status. While the Republic of Texas joined the United States in 1845, the new state then opted secede in 1861 to join the Confederate States of American, which defended slavery during the American Civil War. 168
»Aber als Kunstwerke sind Waffen ein starkes Symbol. Ein Symbol für die Bereitschaft, zu kämpfen, für die eigene Sache zu sterben«. Freiheit um jeden Preis, auch den des Lebens. In den Vereinigten Staaten ist die Verbindung zwischen Waffen und Kunst nicht nur symbolischer Art. Die Forderung des Künstlers nach Meinungsfreiheit ist historisch gesehen nicht weit entfernt von der des Waffenbesitzers nach dem Recht, Waffen zu tragen. In der Verfassung der Vereinigten Staaten ist Meinungsfreiheit als erstes Grundrecht verankert, gefolgt vom Recht, Waffen zu tragen. Beide Grundrechte wurden am 15. Dezember 1791 verabschiedet, und beide werden bis heute heftig diskutiert, zuletzt im Zusammenhang mit dem Amoklauf in Tucson, Arizona, bei dem die Kongressabgeordnete Gabrielle Giffords lebensgefährlich verletzt wurde. Für viele ein Beispiel dafür, wie Meinungs- und Redefreiheit in Agitationswahn umschlagen kann und in Verbindung mit den laxen Waffengesetzen ein Attentat überhaupt erst ermöglicht. Gegner dieser Argumentation sehen in der Tat das Werk eines verrückten Einzeltäters, dessen Tun nicht ausreicht, um an den kollektiven Rechten und Grundfesten der Verfassung zu rütteln. Allen voran steht der Staat Texas für diese zwei Rechte, obwohl er erst 1845 als 28. Staat den Vereinigten Staaten beitrat – lange nach der Unabhängigkeitserklärung 1776, der Niederschrift der Grundrechte 1787 und den Änderungen von 1791. Daß Texas auch unter dem
Francis Alÿs (in collaboration with Rafael Ortega), Re-enactments, Mexico City 2000. Two-channel video documentation of an action, 5.20 min. Courtesy David Zwirner, New York. There are 4.5 million officially registered guns in Mexico. But the estimated total number of guns held by civilians in Mexico is 15.5 million, which makes about 15 firearms per 100 inhabitants. No wonder then that no one in Mexico City batted an eyelid when artist Francis Alÿs, who is known for his unusual »walks«, strolled through the city carrying a gun he had just purchased, visible for all to see. Videotaped by a friend, he made his way through the busy streets for a full 11 minutes before he was spotted and arrested by the police.
Guns played a role not only in these struggles but also in the old economy of cattle and cowboys. These traditions have left Texas with some of the most liberal gun laws in the United States. For both handguns and shotguns, there is no state permit for purchase, no firearm registration and no owner license required – and thus no checks on owners. But Texans cannot tote their guns openly in Starbucks, as is the case in fortythree other states. Permits are required to carry a concealed and loaded weapon, except if one is heading to one’s car. And it’s illegal to carry a weapon openly in public, except on one’s property and while hunting. Texas honors the »Castle Doctrine«: every homeowner has the right to shoot and to kill any intruder. In true Lone Star State style, the Texas Constitution gives the Texas Legislature alone the power to regulate firearms and to overrule any municipal and county regulations. As a symbol of freedom, Texas has attracted its share of outsiders with an independent spirit, ready to defy both the state and the status quo. Texas hosted Wild West gunmen, like Robert »Clay« Allison, and gave birth to the robbers Bonnie and Clyde – a shift from the open frontier to the closed bank vault. Later historical sharpshooters include Lee Harvey Oswald, who assassinated President John F. Kennedy in Dallas on November 22, 1963, and David Koresh, who led the standoff against the FBI and the U.S. Army at Mount Carmel Center in Waco in spring 1993. For many illegal Mexican immigrants hoping for a new life in a new country, Texas is the first stop on the way to the American
Namen »The Lone Star State« bekannt ist und stolz einen einzelnen Stern auf der Flagge trägt, ist dem erfolgreichen Kampf um die Unabhängigkeit von Mexiko während der Texanischen Revolution 1835 zu verdanken. 1861 bestätigte der Staat seine Einzelstellung abermals, als er, losgelöst von der Republik Texas, nicht den Vereinigten Staaten, sondern den Konföderierten Staaten von Amerika beitrat, um im Amerikanischen Bürgerkrieg die Sklaverei zu verteidigen. Bewaffnete Auseinandersetzungen haben in Texas somit Tradition, eine Tradition, die auch von den texanischen Viehtreibern gepflegt wurde. Heute hat Texas eines der liberalsten Waffengesetze der USA. Für Handfeuerwaffen und Gewehre ist weder ein Waffenschein noch eine Registrierung des Käufers oder der Waffe vorgeschrieben und somit eine Kontrolle unmöglich. Hingegen ist es Texanern, im Gegensatz zu den Bewohnern von 43 anderen Staaten, nicht erlaubt, ihre Knarre bei Starbucks zu ziehen. Eine besondere Erlaubnis ist nötig, um eine geladene Waffe verdeckt bei sich zu tragen – es sei denn, man bewegt sich auf seinen eigenen Wagen zu –, und überhaupt sind Waffen in der Öffentlichkeit verboten, außer man befindet sich auf der Jagd oder dem eigenen Grundstück. Ist also nicht so ganz einfach mit den Waffengesetzen. In Texas ist die »Castle Doctrine« heilig: Jeder Hausbesitzer hat das Recht, auf Eindringlinge zu schießen und sie zu töten. Ganz dem einzelnen Stern auf der Flagge entsprechend, spricht die Texanische Verfassung außerdem nur der eigenen Staatsregierung 169
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Dream. But the state is also home to the artist Donald Judd’s expansive compound at Marfa, a tiny town in the Chihuahuan desert near the Mexican border. After visiting Marfa in 1971, Judd moved there from New York and began buying up property and restoring old buildings to house new artworks. In 1979, with the assistance of the Dia Art Foundation, Judd acquired an immense tract of desert land, including the former U.S. Army Fort D.A. Russell. In 1986, the area became the Chinati Foundation: part art museum, part open-air sculpture park, part artist residency. Today, some of Judd’s works are housed in former artillery sheds at the old fort. Instead of erasing the traces of this military past, Judd preferred to renovate the sheds according to the same exacting standards that he used for installing artworks. What other place but Texas could manage to unite artworks and guns in such a mutuallyrespectful way? As manifestations of freedom, artworks and guns – artists and sharpshooters – will always have an uneasy relationship to the state. What artworks are censored and how guns are regulated by the state reveal most about a country, even if the Americans would like to boast the most liberal laws concerning freedom of speech and freedom to Cornelia Parker, Embryo Firearms, 1995. Colt 45 guns in the earliest stage of production, 19 × 13 × 2 .4 cm each. Special thanks to Colt Firearms Manufacturing, Hartford, USA. Courtesy the artist and Frith Street Gallery, London.
Atelier Van Lieshout, Pistol, 2004. Chrome, 31 × 20 x 7 cm. © Atelier Van Lieshout.
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das Recht zu, den Umgang mit Waffen zu regulieren, das Bundesgesetz hat nichts zu melden. Dieser Way of Life hat immer wieder Außenseiter und Freigeister angezogen, die bei der Ausübung und Verteidigung der freiheitlichen Gesetze nicht zimperlich waren. So wurde Texas die Heimat von berühmten Wildwestschützen wie Robert »Clay« Allison, von Kriminellen wie dem Gangsterpaar Bonnie und Clyde, das, ganz Freiheitsliebe, auf Ein- und Ausbrüche spezialisiert war, von Scharfschützen wie Lee Harvey Oswald, der Präsident John F. Kennedy erschoß, oder dem fanatischen Sektenführer David Koresh, der sich 1993 in seinem Hauptquartier in Waco 50 Tage lang dem FBI und der US-Armee widersetzte, bevor er erschossen wurde. Für viele Immigranten ist Texas auch heute die erste Station auf dem Weg zum Amerikanischen Traum. Auch der Künstler Donald Judd ließ sich auf einem riesigen Gelände in Marfa nieder, einer Kleinstadt in der Chihuahua-Wüste, nah der mexikanischen Grenze. Nach einem Besuch in Marfa 1971 verließ Judd New York und begann, Land und Immobilien zu kaufen, um Platz für neue Kunst zu schaffen. 1979 erwarb er mit Hilfe der Dia Art Foundation ein riesiges Stück Wüstenland, das unter anderem das ehemalige Militärfort D.A. Russel umfaßte. Dieses Gelände wurde 1986 zur Chinati Foundation: Museum, Skulpturenpark und Künstlerresidenz zugleich. Heute befindet sich ein Teil von Judds Werken in ehemaligen Waffenlagern, die immer noch als solche erkennbar sind, weil sie der Künstler bei der Renovierung im entsprechenden Zustand beließ. Entstanden ist ein respektvolles Nebeneinander von Waffen und Kunst, wie man es nur aus Texas kennt. Als Ausdruck von Freiheit werden Kunst und Waffe – Künstler und Scharfschütze – immer in einem zwiespältigen Verhältnis zum Staat stehen. Wo Kunst zensiert und Waffenhaltung reguliert wird, zeigt sich die wahre Haltung eines Staates. Das ist in jenen Staaten mit ihren scheinbar so liberalen Waffengesetzen und dem ständigen Pochen auf freie Meinungsäußerung auch nicht anders. Man denke zum Beispiel an die Zensur einer Arbeit von Martin Kippenberger, Prima i piedi (Mit den Füßen zuerst) von 1990 – die Skulptur eines gekreuzigten Frosches, ein Bier in der einen, ein Ei in der anderen Hand – im
Malachi Farrell, Nothing Domestic, 2003. Installation with sound, dimensions variable. Installation view Gallery Xippas, Paris 2003. Photo © Frederic Lanternier. © t he artist/ADAGP Paris. Courtesy the artist and Jane Kim Gallery, New York. Franco-Irish installation artist Malachi Farrell created this performing sculpture in the months preceding the war in Iraq. Large, colorful and raucous, the kinetic installation spurts smoke, spins and waves flags. It’s an arms market with four large stands representing four different regions all heavily involved in the weapon trade. Hydraulic air pressure motors control the toy guns and flag assemblages, sending them into a grotesque dance whenever a viewer approaches. A cacophony of Strauss waltzes and Hendrix’ rendition of the US national anthem, mixed with the sounds of haggling and sales shouts from market vendors in all languages provide the acoustic backdrop.
bear arms. Consider the censorship of the late Martin Kippenberger’s 1990 artwork Prima i piedi (Feet first) – a sculpture of a crucified frog, holding a beer in one hand and an egg in the other – at the Museion of contemporary art Bolzano. Or Switzerland’s recent failed attempt to restrict soldiers from keeping their army arsenal at home. Many Swiss bemoan the spread of American gun culture, but statistics tell another story: Switzerland has the highest rate of gun suicide in Europe. While this shooting gallery began with Beauvoir and Sartre at a fairground in France, my own began in Weissenburg, a small town near Nuremberg. Invited by friends to the local harvest festival, I suddenly found myself wrapped up in a tight dirndl dress and scouted away to the festival fairgrounds, where I drank beer, ate pretzels and – what else? – tried my luck at a shooting stand. The shotgun ended up resting on my breasts, bulging out of their dirndl grip. I was amazed at how easy it was to shoot and how powerful I felt pulling the trigger. Could cowboys and robberies be far away? When I hit the target, there was no picture prize but a big gingerbread cookie, topped off with a bull’s eye in white-and-pink icing. Texas, Weissenburg.
Museum für moderne und zeitgenössische Kunst Bozen. Oder an den erst kürzlich gescheiterten Versuch der Schweiz, Reservisten per Gesetz zu zwingen, ihre Sturmgewehre in den Kasernen zu verwahren anstatt in ihren Privatwohnungen, was viele Schweizer zum Anlaß nahmen, wieder einmal die Ausbreitung der Amerikanischen Waffenkultur zu beklagen. Glaubt man jedoch den Statistiken, wäre es angebracht, erst einmal vor der eigenen Tür zu kehren: Die Schweiz hat die höchste Rate an Selbstmorden durch Schußwaffen in Europa. Meine ganz eigene Erfahrung mit einer Schießbude machte ich einmal in Weißenburg, einer kleinen Stadt in der Nähe von Nürnberg. Von Freunden zur Kirmes eingeladen, fand ich mich, in ein Dirndl gepreßt, ein Bier in der einen und eine Bretzel in der anderen Hand, vor einer Schießbude wieder. Der Gewehrkolben fand Halt an meiner straff geschnürten Oberweite, und nichts war in diesem Moment einfacher, als abzudrücken. Wie weit ist da der Weg zu Cowboys und zu Überfällen? Für meinen Schuß ins Schwarze gab es kein Photo, sondern einen riesigen Lebkuchen, verziert mit einem »bull’s eye«, einer Zielscheibe aus Zuckerguß. Texas, Weißenburg. 171
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Alain Declercq, B52, 2003. Offset print, 180 × 120 cm. Courtesy the artist and Galerie Loevenbruck, Paris. At the height of the Vietnam War, in 1973, Chris Burden fired several shots in the direction of a Boeing 747 taking off from Los Angeles airport. Alain Declercq, whose work focuses almost exclusively on guns, re-enacts Burden’s performance, shooting at a B52 bomber as it takes off from its airbase in Fairford, England and heads for Iraq. Both performances can be regarded an act of protest, and both recall Don Quixote and the windmills. But Burden’s attack on a passenger plane certainly feels more daring and violent than Declercq’s choice of military aircraft, which seems to follow the eye-for-an-eye principle.
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Frank Rothe’s portrays of gun lovers play on American clichés, but they depict German reality, and trigger the question of how much Texas there is in all of us.
Frank Rothe, all images from the series »German Guns«, 2004. © t he artist and Visum. Gabriele Fischer, 47, with an antique flintlock musket.
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Max P.B., 58, with an over and under shotgun.
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Kassim A. Ruger, with a .357 Magnum revolver gun.
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Daria Freyer, 13, trains with an air gun.
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Dr. Klaus W., with a Walther 9mm.
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Inventory
Berlin Places .....................................................................................................180 Berlin People .....................................................................................................185 Shaping the City ..............................................................................................192 Studio Visit ..........................................................................................................194 The collector – A Serialized Novel .................................................198 The Further CHronicles of Anthony Haden-Guest .............200 Further Reading ...........................................................................................202
Tom H., with a .357 Magnum.
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Art around the clock
Berlin Places
Berlin has become a state of mind that is not confined to a geographic location. Acknowledging the globalization of this phenomenon, we present Berlin places in Berlin and elsewhere. The Clockwork Gallery is a string of superlatives: it’s Berlin’s smallest exhibition space (two panels, about 100 × 70 cm each), it has the longest opening hours (24 - 7), and it has the largest audience (even if half of them don’t realize they are looking at art). Occupying two sides of a revolving advertising light cube below a four-sided clock, the nonprofit project founded in 2007 by two artists and now run by one of them, Alexander Hassenpflug, offers an ambitious program with an impressive artist list and exhibitions that change every month. Like the other companies advertising their services on the cube, Hassenpflug has to rent ad space for his
exhibitions, but in Berlin, even media agencies seem to have a soft spot for art so he gets special rates. Every work is produced exclusively for the project and is installed by the same team who normally hang advertising posters. Sometimes they make mistakes, like hanging works upside down; sometimes they are given special instructions by the artists, to turn the translucent glass panes inside out to create a special light effect, for example. The project doesn’t only make use of advertising space, it is an advertisement itself, for how the creative power of a private initiative can bring art to the public.
Clockwork Gallery, Mehringplatz/metro station Hallesches Tor, www.clockworkgallery.com
Mathew Hale, Page 181 of Mrs. GILLRAY, 2007.
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Gregor Hildebrandt, Das Uhrwerk, 2010.
Saâdane Afif, Moon Rise, 2010.
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Berlin Places
Photo© Scott Ward.
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Happy shopping
The heart of darkness
One of the last vacant lots on what in spite of its enduring grimness is about to become Berlin’s hottest street, Torstraße, was recently filled with a structure that is an architectural delight and the shell for a store concept which really put smiles on our faces. Conceived by fashion designer Mischa Woeste and erected by architects Fingerle & Woeste, the store features an eclectic mix of brands many of which were previously unavailable in Berlin, such as Meadham Kirchhoff and – no joke – Topshop.
Only in Berlin can you be in the heart of the city and in the middle of nowhere at the same time. And that’s exactly where the nomadic shop Darklands has opened its third and newest location. »We love having some of Berlin’s best contemporary galleries as neighbors, instead of the high street chain stores that are taking over Mitte. Now, when someone walks through the door, you know they have made an effort to get here.« The effort is rewarded with exquisite designer menswear, sinister and almost exclusively in black.
Happy Shop, Torstr. 67. Mon-Sat 10-7pm. www.happyshop-berlin.com
DARKLANDS 3.0, Heidestr. 50, #1b. Mon - Sat 12 - 7pm.
So moving
Our bar in Paris
The fledgling-ish practice of blurring boundaries between fine art and film now has a Berlin address. With its selection of over 600 titles, Image Movement is dedicated entirely to art films. Initiated by gallery Sprüth Magers and designed by artists Rosemarie Trockel and Thea Djordjadze, the store offers artist films and recordings, avant-garde and underground films and a series of »artist’s choice« selections. Film-related talks and screenings take place there regularly.
The Berlin hype has gotten badly out of control, it’s time to divert the hordes of tourists to some other city. But how do you do that and still keep the Berlin hype healthy? Simple: open a Berlin extension somewhere else, preferably in a city that already has hordes of annoying tourists. Like Paris! At the Udo bar, you can get that haphazard, DIY feeling on the Seine. Conversation at Udo typically covers planning to move to / v isiting a friend in / being just back from Berlin. At Udo, they drink Club Mate, dubbed »le Red Bull berlinois«, with vodka! In Berlin, they don’t.
Image Movement, Oranienburger Str. 18. Mon - Sat 11 - 7pm. www.imagemovement-store.com
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Udo Bar, 4, rue Neuve Popincourt, Paris. www.udobar.com
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Photo © Christian del Monte.
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Dreamed in Berlin Take one commercial space, add artist / DJ / designer collective Sleep is Commercial and Italian fashion designer Livio Graziottin, have them industrially decorate the place, and what do you get? Concept store Pastpresent, where collections by Sleep is Commercial and Graziottin’s label 24 - 7 are displayed alongside the choicest vintage cuts handpicked by Graziottin over 20 years, all arranged to fire your foraging hormones. Semi-global it may be, but according to the tags all the items have been ›Dreamed in Berlin‹. Pastpresent, Köpenicker Str. 96. Mon - Sat 12 - 8pm, Sun 3 - 8pm.
Berlin People
sleek’s quarterly shortlist of the individuals whose influence on the German capital’s art and fashion scenes is helping to make it an international hotspot. Photography by Belaid le Mharchi
Blessed home We were gutted when Bless closed their store on Mulackstraße, but when we heard that the Bless universe had expanded to fill an entire apartment, all was right again with the world. Tucked away on the third floor of a residential building, the Bless home is an invitation to indulge in a prolonged snooping experience; the imaginary owner of the apartment is an avid Bless collector, and you can not only check out their furniture, but drink their tea, read their books and even relax in their hammock. BLESS SHOP BERLIN, Oderberger Str. 60, back house, 3rd floor. Thur 4 - 8pm and by appointment.
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Cyril Duval Paris-born, New York-based conceptual artist Cyril Duval, often working under the moniker Item Idem, works at the intersection of conceptual art, product design, branding and retail. He has collaborated with an impressive roster of edgy names, from Bernhard Willhelm to Collette and, now in Berlin, for filmmaker and reluctant pornographer Bruce LaBruce he has taken care of the art direction for the opera Pierrot Lunaire. The musical melodrama is based on the arrangements Schönberg composed to poems by Albert Giraud about a century ago. LaBruce transforms the Commedia dell’Arte figure of the moonstruck weirdo, Pierrot, into a contemporary gender-bending tragedy à la Boys Don’t Cry. »The stage design is a strong reference to German expres186
sionism and especially Kurt Schwitters’ Merzbau, only more druggy,« explains Duval. »I call it Merzbau on steroids.« Duval believes that the show could have only materialized in Berlin: »You never get public funding for an experimental piece like that in New York. Especially not with a castration scene…You’ve got to love Berlin for that.« While here, Duval stayed at the new Bless apartment, which he also had a hand in designing. »I ended up co-designing the shop and having the best place to live. There’s this table where you press a button and it rotates to become a bed.« He’ll be back very soon for a window project at the Galleries Lafayette during Gallery Weekend. »Berlin has been very good for me,« he says. We can’t get enough.
Bernhard Willhelm The first German designer to come out of Antwerp’s Royal Academy of Fine Arts, Bernhard Willhelm belongs to the so-called second generation of designers who continue the avant-garde legacy of the Antwerp Six. But while these designers opted for London, Willhelm headed for Paris. Though Berlin is not on his axis of fashion cities, his biggest show to date was held here in 2009. »It was a one-of-a-kind experience. We had to think big, very big, to fill the space. In Paris it’s the other way around, you have to consider the limits of both budget and space.« This winter, he returned to Berlin to participate in a show curated by the Antwerp fashion museum MoMu, alongside Peter Pilotto, Henrik Vibskov and MikioSakabe. Willhelm collaborated closely with
the museum to which he donated ten pieces from each of his collections. Would he consider doing a show in Berlin again? »What works in Berlin is sportswear, jeans and Scandinavian labels. The culture of high fashion doesn’t exist here, not since World War II. It’s difficult for young designers; they show good collections but at the end of the day, who sees them? The international press doesn’t come here.« What binds him to Berlin however is the flourishing art scene. »We often collaborate with Berlin artists. Karsten Fock did our logos and invites, we worked with Marc Brandenburg and I collaborated on the first issue of Butt magazine with Wolfgang Tillmans. It was my contribution to showing nudity in fashion.« 187
Berlin People
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Alonso Dominguez and Peter Henssen Every day around noon, thousands of Berliners receive the Sugarhigh newsletter informing them about anything happening in the city that’s worthy of their attention. Actually, »newsletter« is not the right term. Conceived as a magazine which happens to be delivered to your email inbox instead of by snail mail, www.sugarhigh.com is not just quick to deliver information but comes complete with short, poetic, existential musings on life and human nature. For over a year now, founders Alonso Dominguez and Peter Henssen have been delivering the sweet content from their office in Mitte. »We were both dissatisfied with our old jobs, and knew we wanted to do something together,« says Dominguez who came to Berlin »in a 188
desperate attempt to escape New York’s numbness.« He was attracted to the freedom people felt here to be whoever they needed to be. What do they like most about Berlin? »The conversations. Everyone has something interesting to say, a colorful background and grand theories on life. No one is here just to be, everyone’s on to something peculiar and often fascinating.« And as Henssen puts it, »it’s an international city that hasn’t lost its small-town values, with everyone coming from somewhere else and adding something new to it.« Editorial decisions are met democratically; all contributors, editors and interns pitch stories to each other and then vote. »The hardest part is to curate a good combination of stories for each new week. We try.«
Yann le goec You know it’s time for Berlin’s Fashion Week when you spot Yann le Goec walking around Mitte in his multicolored getups. Born in France le Goec is the buyer and manager of WUT Berlin, the Tokyo boutique centered on Berlin’s creative output. Skeptical at first, le Goec came here with the notion that Berlin was not a fashion city. »When I was first sent here by my company to report on Berlin I said it would be a waste of time, that fashion here is so 90s.« But when he met some local designers and saw the immense potential the idea for WUT was born. »I was reading a French translation of a German novel on the flight back and the word ›Wut‹ kept turning up. It was written in Ger-
man with a note from the translator that explained how ›Wut‹ couldn’t be sufficiently expressed in French. And I thought to myself that designers in Berlin must have a lot of ›Wut‹, a productive, creative rage to continue producing here considering how little support they receive.« Now that fast fashion has hit Japan and H&M is bigger than Burberry, Tokyoites only spend money on designer clothes if they can’t get something similar anywhere else. »I look for people like Vladimir Karaleev who are doing something really different.« His favorite thing about Berlin? The never-ending »Frühstück« or breakfast. What annoys him? »The organization of the Fashion Week. Unless they change something fast, I don’t think it has any future.« 189
Berlin Art Guide
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downlo ad it for
Enrico Centonze, Silja Leifsdottir, Despina Stokou, Grimmuseum
free
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Anna-Catharina Gebbers of Bibliothekswohnung
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Berlin Art Guide
A curAted selection of Berlin’s most influentiAl And exciting Art spots
sponsored By
Javier Peres of Peres Projects
Martin Kwade of Kwadrat
Gallerist Johann König
Gallerist Guido Baudach
Peter Pilotto and Christopher De Vos Equipped with a mix of Austro-Italian and Belgian-Peruvian DNA, designers Peter Pilotto and Christopher De Vos have managed to fillip their young label Peter Pilotto towards critical acclaim and an impressive sales graph, against all economic odds in a period marked by a financial crisis. Their signature designs unite otherworldly prints with soft, sculptural shapes and keep evolving from one collection to the next. They have come to Berlin for one night only to present an installation at an exhibition involving Mercedes-Benz cars and curated by the Antwerp fashion museum MoMu. Though they haven’t been here in over seven years, their impression of the city is pretty spot-on: 190
»It’s an exciting city that relates to youth,« says De Vos, »It seems as if you’re young and cool and naughty, you have to be in Berlin.« Pilotto adds: »In London, everybody considers moving to Berlin. In that sense it must be quite exciting, how the city is becoming more international. A place that only has locals is boring. But in terms of fashion, we belong in London.« They both agree that the Berlin design scene is too casual for their high fashion range. As for the design process, creative decisions are made together. »I won’t say there are no fights, though,« De Vos says with a smile. »But communication is very important,« Pilotto adds. »The business is growing and we have to be careful to take the right steps.«
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With exclusive photographs by Maxime Ballesteros 147
Berlin People
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Shaping the City
Dari Maximova, one of Berlin’s most successful model exports.
Top model Luca Gadjus and partner, photographer Max von Gumppenberg, are both city shapers.
Exterior Design Manager Jeremy Waterman boasts a quite pleasant exterior design himself.
A slightly misleading band name: Myriad Creatures consists of only four members. Proudest man of the night, Peter Modelhart, CEO of Jaguar/Land Rover Germany. Actresses Sophie Wepper, Jessica Schwarz and Nadine Warmuth in top city shape (left to right).
Photography by Maxime Ballesteros
Driving through the open plains roof down, wind in your hair à la Thelma and Louise might not be part of your average urban driving experience, but what better way to transcend the stop and go of claustrophobic streets than in a Range Rover. The new Evoque is not only the brand’s most compact and lightest SUV, it’s also its greenest so far. The German launch of the car at Berlin’s pop-up restaurant Pret A Diner (dining plus roller disco!) was hosted by an impressive celebrity line-up including actress Jessica Schwarz, top model Luca Gadjus and fashion blogger David Fischer. These and others of their ilk belong to the exclusive group of 40 »City Shapers«, influential creatives across ten cities who participate in Range Rover Evoque’s 192
»Pulse of the City« project, which tracks their favorite rides around their hometowns to create live interactive city guides. Gadjus told us she’s getting her driver’s license: »My boyfriend said I couldn’t have another baby if I don’t drive… but it’s taking a long time – getting a license I mean!« For exterior design manager Jeremy Waterman, the Evoque is also a personal design triumph: »The special thing about it is that nothing in the initial sketches was compromised in production. We delivered the car as close to the concept car as we could. We built it exactly as we wanted it, and the design received massively positive reactions.« www.helloevoque.com
No snob at all: David Fischer of HighSnobiety.
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Studio Visit
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Studio Visit You would like to discover new artists? Then this one’s for you. We at sleek take you where no external market hype will confuse you: directly to the artists’ studios. In each issue we present three artists we think stand out with consistent quality and content. It’s up to you to make a studio visit – but with this section, you’ll never have a reason to complain that you should have bought XY’s art before XY became so famous and expensive…
Clockwise from top left: Eredep, 2007. Glass bubble blown with exhaust fumes, 40 × 30 × 60 cm / B rontosaurus, 2010. Thorns, cardboard box, 110 × 70 × 30 cm / Adrian Hermanides at his studio. Photo © Maxime Ballesteros / Alms for the birds, 2009. Found objects, dimensions variable.
Adrian Hermanides Zimbabwe born conceptual artist Adrian Hermanides understands art as a means to expand the limits of subjectivity in order to affect social change. Hermanides is interested in portraying punctured, fluid and mobile states that convey a certain softening of the borders. Sexuality and humor are a recurring theme in his work, as well as deflation and retraction. In Eredep, Hermanides shows a blown-glass bubble filled with exhaust fumes. The bubble is attached to the wall
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by its tip that resembles a penis, leaving the rest of the bubble to look like an enlarged scrotum. In the found object installation Alms for Birds, Hermanides displays the meticulously sorted contents of a dead person’s apartment. Lifelong collecting and accumulating become a stand-in for the owner and a projection screen for the life they may have lead, left to the viewer’s scrutiny. 195
Studio Visit
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Clockwise from top left: ibf 73, 2008, and ibf 33, 2010. Inkjet on photo rag, 80 × 60 cm each / Frank Hülsbömer at his studio. Photo © Maxime Ballesteros / ohne titel, 2010. Inkjet on photo rag, 63 × 95 cm.
Clockwise from top left: Dominion gradients #ddc837, #b8b8b8 and #ab696a, 2010. Mixed media, diameter 32 cm / Close ancestors, 2010. Mixed media, 250 × 100 × 2 0 cm, and Dominion radiant, 2010. Projected animation / Aude Pariset in her studio with Untitled (mirror ball), 2010. Photo © Maxime Ballesteros / S chaerbeek blocks, 2010. Laser prints, clay, dimensions variable / h ooked / d on’t last (care), 2010. Mixed media, 54 × 21 × 2 4 cm.
Frank Hülsbömer
Aude Pariset
Photographer Frank Hülsbömer is often called a perfectionist and praised for his meticulously staged images. Indeed their level of technical perfection makes many of them look like computer renderings, and some look like apparatus in physics experiments. Yet there is always a subtle humor at work, which keeps them from feeling dry. Take the two lamps in the tennis speed of light playing tennis with their reflections, the series »Sexual peeling« where a strip of paper is 196
photographed in the various stages of peeling off a wall, and note how the use of cheap, everyday materials contrasts with their elaborate, straight-laced depiction. Hülsbömer’s works have been referred to as »still lives«, but the term doesn’t sit well. Inanimate as the subjects may be, they seem to breathe and move. Instead of looking immaculately arranged, they convey the impression of having been captured at exactly the right moment, when everything falls into place, just so.
Aude Pariset manipulates everyday objects in her examination of the connections between design and origin. Between deadpan, dark humor and intrinsic nostalgia, her appropriation of pop-culture data is a nod towards information mash-ups and other such digital goings on. With the origins of an object rendered meaningless in the process of mass production and globalization, it is adaptations, combinations and contexts, Pariset seems to suggest, that allow us to express our
individuality today. The Versailles-born artist takes the most banal items and re-imagines them in her sculptures and installations, distorting all recognizable features to leave us with objects that are strangely mutated yet familiar. Her piece hooked/don’t last(care) for example, re-appropriates Lee Lozano’s famous Peel from 1964, giving the diptych the ideal shape for a skating ramp. 197
Serialized novel – Part V
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The Collector by April Lamm
It was shortly before 10am, and Louise was orbiting the entrance to Art Unlimited. She was of firm belief that she could activate her telekinetic powers to move the pawns into place, her mission being to get into the preview before opening, to download the info needed to execute a plan. For Louise, her cell phone was less an instrument of communication, than an instrument of remote control. But that the slouchy female figure crouching against the cement wall with a plastic bag in front of her could serve Louise’s purpose in entering the commercial space she so desired was a frequency she had neglected to tune into. - Louise, why are you circling? - I’m not circling. I’m circumgyrating. Louise, clever girl, was a space cadet in the emergency zone imputing thought waves into one of her three phones. - Where were you last night? I didn‹t see you at the Kunsthalle. Not that I was there for long myself, but… Still focused on her three handheld beam-me-in devices, Louise was looking for a way in, before the in-crowd was allowed. No time for small talk, the moment was dedicated to short-messageservices. But it was as if Ruth had pressed the auto-seek button on the radio. She tuned into Louise’s station. -You want in? Should I show you what the devil did? I have an extra worker pass so I can get us in now if you like. In Basel, you like even people you thought you hated. The two ex-friends thus waltzed together through the turnstiles towards Galerie NN’s stand whose pink neon light guided the way. But as soon as they had made it past the guards, Louise said: - You stink. - What? Oh right, I’ll explain that later. What I want to show you is… well just wait. You’ll see. Past the robot vacuum cleaners sucking up glitter littering the floor, past the oversized sunglass stand, past the mechanical bull underneath a chandelier, they arrived at the outer edge of Gallery NN’s booth, to gaze at the mess. Louise began to decode the signs in silence, her thoughts as haywire as the heap in front of her. It looked as if Max’s signature work had taken a new turn, and if it mattered before it screamed of anti-matter now, and that was an exciting thing. Or was it just a mess? - And now? The opening is now. Who’s going to clean all of this up? - You don’t get it, do you? Instead of answering, she looked at an incoming message on her phone: “Who are you?” Poker-faced Louise maintained her poise in front of her former friend and said: - Listen, Ruth, where’s Max? I just got an important message that I should show him… - Max is not here. He had nothing to do with the work. - You mean to tell me that you did this? - Yep. And, no, sleeping overnight in the artwork is not part of the
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“In Basel, you like even people you thought you hated.” Once best friends forever, Louise and Ruth meet up at the fair to find that they both need each other in order to get revenge on Max. It’s a game of Chinese Whispers: Ruth feeds lies to Louise hoping that whatever she tells her will be the talk of the town by the end of the day. Max, in the meanwhile, has yet to see his own work and continues to meet with people at the fair whose comments befuddle him.
“process” of the artwork. Though maybe it should be… but how? How would we mention that? Ruth walked away as if she were seriously contemplating bringing in some relatively irrelevant theory (Somaesthetics?) into the mess in front of them. - All by yourself, you did this? - It was late and I couldn’t find Pepe and whatshisname. So yes, I did this, but of course some of the ideas were Max’s, I mean, the work is still his. I just “edited” it. Louise stopped in front of the beer bottles in the far corner, then looked towards the newspaper clipping, careful not to step on the cigarette butts scattered across the floor, on tiptoes. Ruth sniggered. - So nice of you to take such care, Louise. The rest of these idiots don’t realize that those cigarette butts are made of porcelain. It was Max’s idea. You know, sure, it’s copied from another artist, not sunflower seeds but just a few cigarette butts made out of porcelain – it’s not a bad idea, you have to admit. So anyway, I didn’t just overnight here because, well, because … I had to guard these butts. I was afraid the clean-up man would come around and sweep them all away. Ruth could barely keep a straight face. Porcelain cigarette butts? The ah-ha moment in Louise’s face: a new twist in Max’s work. Her mind began to churn. Handwork. An a-sculptural form? Or put in a more banal way, merely a part of the folk art ceramic craze? Put it in ceramic or bronze and it’s gotta be worth something. Low (folk) or high (expensive), it added a hook for the critic to latch onto. - It’s like, said Louise, musing out loud and holding her fingers to the air, quote unquote, “… Not similar to something, but just similar.” Or like the appreciation of a photograph that was not a photograph, but a “critical” document of process. A no-longer existing handmade sculpture, paper and scissors, process and destruction of the original. - Eggsactly! And well, no, she thought to herself. The artist was the one that Max and Ruth had always referred to as Edward Scissorhands. They called him Eddie, in their private code. Eddie was also a “critical” artist, loitering between two mediums. The sculptures he made were based on places with a political charge: the bathtub of a drowned politician, the stairwell where Andreas Baader once slept, the front door of a serial murder’s mobile home. In the end, all that was exhibited was a photograph of a bathtub, a stairwell, a door – and you had to read the label or look closely to see that it was actually a photograph of a structure made completely out of paper. Louise didn’t bother to check on the butts, taking Ruth for her word. As for her overnighting in artwork, well, that explained
the bad breath. The half-open crate with bubble wrap trodden flat to the ground, an empty coffee cup, a grey blanket used for shipping. Now the signs made sense, practical sense. - I think it’s great, and I’m going to tell Nico. She should be collecting your work, you know, and not Max’s. - But that’s not the point, no, no Louise jumped to another topic altogether: - How was Venice for you? I didn‹t see you at Militardis’s party... - Oh, of course, I didn‹t go. I had a small dinner to attend and a case of Retarditis rewarditus. Ruth’s last words indicated a small and not insignificant sonic breakdown in their bitchiness. At one point, they had been the closest of friends. Retarditis rewarditus was one of their many private jokes, something which they had said most of the artists of Gallery Box had suffered from. A whole gallery with artists who had psychological issues: bestiality, incest, patricide. Serial killer art. Psychastheniacs, the whole lot of them. The “Stressed Situationists.” But despite their shared history, neither Ruth nor Louise was willing to lower their guard. Not yet. It was shortly after 11 now, and the hall was beginning to fill up with the invited preview VIPs. The gallerist made a gesture of approaching them, but then quickly turned, making a beeline for the powerpack, Gagosian and Deitch, heading towards the booth. In Basel, the hierarchy was clear. Ruth and Louise were clearly defined by the categories: assistant to an artist and assistant to a collector. You had to be nice to them, but the etiquette of being unpolite was one that they would “understand” when they saw whom he would be talking to: A-list dealer and A-list dealer cum Hollywood Museum Director. It was all in the interest of Max’s career, and wasn’t that what they all lived for? Try as they might, Louise and Ruth couldn’t hear a word they were saying. But the smiles and laughter and the way Galerist NN brushed the dandruff off Larry’s shoulders was enough to know who was the alpha dog. - It’s easy to tell who the ruling rooster is here, said Louise. - Rule of the roost, you mean. Louise’s telephone beeped again, and Ruth meandered over to the next booth. It was a message from Nico. She wanted Louise at the front entrance in a half an hour, and why was her driver late? Ever since witnessing Max’s sexual congress in Venice, Louise had a plan in mind that she could only execute if she was sure that she could control all of the strings. If Ruth had created a Gesamtzerstörungswerk then Louise was sure to do the same to his love life. A curator, who was now out of a job but was once someone, approached Louise. - Hey Louise, did I just see you and Ruth talking? Like old times, eh? - Oh no, she just wanted to borrow money from me. Again. - But there are more bank automats in Basel than in Moscow, he said, before turning to greet a curator who was still someone. She turned her gaze back to one of her phones and nearly collided with the gallerist, who had a Chinese collector in tow. - It’s a real breakthrough, a new genre even… - I’m very interested in creative art. - Creative, yes? - Yes. Bed art. - Uh-huh, so what have you seen this morning that has taken your interest? - An elephant made of cow skin and an elephant made of incense sticks. Chinese… - And Indian, I see… But the Chinese collector kept repeating and smiling,
- Bed art. Taking out his pocket notebook, he said, - The titles are “The Elephant of the Alamo” and “The Skin Is a Scent.” He chuckled. The gallerist laughed nervously. The collector bent down, sticking his head deep into the packing crate. - Bed art? - What did he just say, said the gallerist in an aside to Louise in German. Ruth, who had wandered back at this point, overheard and clarified it to them both: - Bad art! Of course, yes, you mean this is “bad art”! In the near distance, she caught a glimpse of Max. He was on the phone and at that moment her own cellphone began to ring. - There you are. - Where? - Never mind. There was a long moment of silence. She took a deep breath and tried to concentrate on what was in front of her eyes instead of the invisible emotional soup in her head. Ruth knew that if her first contact with Max were to become a shouting match, if she were to begin in anger, he’d hang up. So instead, she threw him a curve ball. - Listen, Max, I had this idea… I’m thinking of working on a series called “Bad Sculptures,” and it would be a series of collages that bring at least two “bad” sculptures together… - Living or dead? Why collages? Why not reenact the sculptures in a space by using live actors? You know, Gilbert and George gone slapstick? It was as if everything was ok between them when they talked only about ideas. Like a game, they bandied about fictional artworks as a way of communicating between the lines. Their fiction was one that outsiders wouldn’t follow. - You mean then that the collages would be considered the “drawings,” or drafts of the proposed performances? No. The first thing that came to my mind was putting together, say, the Kiki Smith sculpture, the wax one with that long stream of piss coming out of her legs, you know, the one where she is on all fours? - Ja. But what would you combine it with? He was hardly listening at this point and had poked his head into a bad video booth. - Let’s say, I put Schwarzkögler cutting off his penis behind her… - Bad. That’s not a sculpture. - Does it matter? - Of course it matters if you want to call it “Bad Sculptures” then it cannot be a sculpture and a photograph of a performance… - But all performances end up getting photographed anyway, so what does it matter? - I’m just saying that if you want to call it “Bad Sculptures” you should stick to bad sculptures. I also don’t think that Schwarzkögler work is bad. - It becomes bad when you combine it with the feminist work. - But are you making fun of feminism? Ruthie, I don’t get your point. Where are you anyway? - I don’t know what kind of game you think you are playing here with me, as if I didn’t know what was going on… She was doing loops, at this point, around the elephant made of cowhide. A video monitor was turned on its side depicting an oil rig in the middle of a desert. A small model of the Eiffel Tower was perched on top. - What’s going on then? You’re coming up with bad ideas for bad artworks? Louise snuck up on Ruth from behind, snapping away her phone. - Max, this is Louise. There’s something I have to tell you…
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The Further Chronicles of Anthony Haden-Guest
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The Further Chronicles of Anthony Haden-Guest
Wraptured by Christo and Jeanne-Claude English
deutsch
So we were sitting on off-white furniture in Christo and Jeanne-Claude’s living room. To call it a »living room« may be misleading because there were no distractions: no books, magazines, divertissements, invitations on the mantel, family snaps, memorabilia. The room was lapped in creamy oatmeal light, and the only objects embedded in the serene flow, apart from the three of us, were pieces of their art, both current and future, and the canvas-wrapped bottles, cans and indefinable objects – except this one was surely a tree branch? – of the sort that I had first seen in their wonderfully pokey place which they had occupied with their infant son Cyril on Île Saint-Louis in the Seine well over fifty years ago. But then, of course, to call that room a »living room« was not misleading at all. More than any other artists I have known, for Christo and Jeanne-Claude Javacheff, who died of a brain aneurysm on November 17, their life was their art. A cliché? Won’t most artists claim the same? Well, consider this: Christo and Jeanne-Claude moved to New York in 1964 and lived illegally in a building on Howard Street in what was yet to be called SoHo. Now, well over a hundred million dollars worth of projects later, they were living in the very same building, okay, legally and in somewhat better circumstances, but otherwise in just the same way. Only the projects had changed. The project we were then discussing, Across the River, proposed suspending panels of silver polypropylene over forty miles of the Arkansas River as it runs through Colorado. The Christo oeuvre, as of now, consists of ten completed projects and many more that have fallen at various fences along the way, and it’s too soon to say what will befall this particular one but the couple both remembered the birth of the idea as though it were yesterday. They were wrapping Paris’s Pont Neuf in 1985. »We were on a flat barge underneath one of the arches,« Jeanne-Claude says. »We were giving directions. As usual, our orders were conflicting. I would say, ›pull more to the left‹, while Christo was shouting, ›No, no! Pull more to the right!‹ The fabric was slowly being elevated. And at some point Christo and I looked at each other with a gigantic smile. We didn’t say a word. And went on giving orders to the workers.« »The years passed. And we worked on many things, until we realized what had provoked that gigantic smile. What we had seen was the sun shining through this resplendent fabric, reflecting on the Seine. And that’s Over The River.«
Ich erinnere mich noch genau an das Wohnzimmer von Christo und Jeanne-Claude, wo wir auf eierschalenfarbenen Möbeln zu sitzen pflegten. Wobei der Begriff »Wohnzimmer« es nicht ganz trifft, denn wohnlich war es nicht gerade; nirgendwo Bücher oder Zeitschriften, keine Einladungen oder Familienfotos auf dem Kaminsims, nichts. Der ganze Raum war in weiches Licht getaucht. Das einzig Auffällige, abgesehen von uns dreien, war ihre Kunst, und irgendwelche Objekte, die erst noch Kunst werden sollten, mit Stoff umwickelte Dinge – Flaschen, Dosen, Äste vielleicht, man konnte nichts erkennen, es war ja alles eingewickelt. Es war genau wie in ihrer ersten Wohnung auf der Île Saint-Louis in der Seine, die sie mit ihrem kleinen Sohn Cyril bewohnten, damals, vor fast 50 Jahren, als ich sie zum erstenmal besuchte. Dann wieder war »Wohnzimmer« aber doch ein passender Begriff. Denn alles im Leben von Christo und Jeanne-Claude Javacheff, die am 17. November letzten Jahres an einem Hirnaneurysma starb, war Kunst. Na ja, mögen Sie jetzt einwenden, das würden ja wohl ziemlich viele Künstler von ihrem Leben behaupten, oder? Sicher. Aber bei diesen beiden war es wirklich so. Als sie 1964 nach New York kamen, zogen sie in ein besetztes Haus in der Howard Street – heute SoHo, damals heruntergekommen. Hunderte von Millionen investierter Dollar später lebten sie immer noch im selben Gebäude, mittlerweile zwar legal und etwas komfortabler vielleicht, aber immer noch spartanisch. Nur die Projekte wurden immer größer. Einmal sprachen wir über die geplante Installation Over the River, silberne Stoffbahnen aus Polyethylen, die über eine Länge von 40 Meilen über dem Arkansas River durch Colorado schweben sollten. Christos Werk besteht bis zum heutigen Tag aus zehn vollendeten und zahlreichen weiteren Projekten, die an verschiedenen Hürden auf dem Weg kapitulieren mußten. Es ist noch zu früh zu erkennen, ob Over the River es schaffen wird. An die Geburtsstunde der Idee dazu konnten sich aber beide noch erinnern, als ob es erst gestern gewesen wäre. 1985 war das, sie verhüllten gerade die Brücke Pont Neuf in Paris. »Wir instruierten die Arbeiter, und wie immer waren wir nicht einer Meinung«, erinnert sich Jeanne-Claude. »Ich rief, ›zieht mehr nach links‹, Christo schrie, ›nichts da! Mehr nach rechts!‹ Die Stoffbahnen begannen sich zu entfalten, und auf einmal war da ein besonderer Moment, unsere Blicke trafen sich, wir mußten lächeln, richtig grinsen. Dann arbeiteten wir weiter.
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I had known Christo and Jeanne-Claude since 1962. Christo had come up with the idea for a project, the wrapping of a woman, and he and Jeanne-Claude had come to London with Charles Wilp, a Düsseldorf adman, who was something of a cultural impresario. Wilp knew I lived among fashion photographers so he asked if I could provide an obliging model along, which I did. Christo, half-Czech and half-Bulgarian, with the look of a Slavic Anthony Perkins, and Jeanne-Claude, the peppy daughter of a French general, arrived at my King’s Road studio and got to work immediately. The model, Ruth Ebling, sweated buckets, and her Vidal Sassoon or whatever soon melted, but Christo, Jeanne-Claude and I hit it off. Indeed on a later trip to London I introduced them to my mother whose notion of modernism stopped at Picasso. She lit into Christo somewhat, but he responded with his usual unfailing courtesy. Christo and Jeanne-Claude soon made their mark in New York. Jeanne-Claude would preside over dinners for eight or more at a long narrow table where I would first meet the likes of Roy Lichtenstein and the critic David Bourdon. But occasionally I noticed that they were treated with some suspicion by their fellow Land artists and I decided that this was because of the obdurate streak of romanticism in their work. Certainly this was so in their life. They did not so much end each others’ sentences as tumble into them – if there is one phrase I have heard from Christo a zillion times it is »No! No! No, Jeanne-Claude!« – but their arguments were as passionate and as soft-edged as embraces. Indeed, Christo once told me over dinner in their favorite restaurant, the French culinary school on Broadway, »We always work together on the big projects. Always!« So I had to ask what effect Jeanne-Claude’s death was going to have on their work? Characteristically, Christo avoided talking about emotions in his response, and stuck to the nuts-and-bolts. He said that when New York’s mayor Michael Bloomberg finally gave permission to do The Gates in Central Park in January 2003 the costs were estimated at 21 million dollars. »Jeanne-Claude said, we need to be sure that we get permission,« Christo said. »We have worked on that project for over twenty years. We need to finish it. If something happens to me we should have the money.« They took out life insurance on Christo for twenty million dollars. »So if I passed away Jeanne-Claude would have the funds to finish the project.« And Jeanne-Claude was not insured? »Of course, JeanneClaude was insured. But a modest insurance!« Unemotional? Hardly. Christo still always says »we« when talking about any project. Indeed about just about anything of significance. When Christo and Jeanne-Claude had been describing the arduous and interminable meetings, whether federal, state or private that were required to bring a project like Over The River to completion, he had said, »We are talking about a work of art that will remain for fourteen days.« The absurdity of art! The particular absurdity of hugely costly ephemeral art! They both laughed. Now with Jeanne-Claude gone Christo says, »Most art is illustration. With us it is about …being there.« Indeed. It was. Is.
www.anthonyhadenguest.com
Die Jahre vergingen, wir arbeiteten an unterschiedlichen Projekten. Eines Tages, aus heiterem Himmel, begriffen wir, warum wir uns damals so angegrinst hatten. Was wir gesehen hatten, war das Sonnenlicht, das den prächtigen Stoff durchdrungen und sich in der Seine gespiegelt hatte – die Geburt von Over The River.« Ich lernte Christo und Jeanne-Claude 1962 in London kennen, als sie für ein Projekt – die Verhüllung einer Frau – ein geeignetes Model suchten. Charles Wilp, ein Düsseldorfer Werbemann und eine Art Kulturzampano, bat mich, eins zu finden, er wußte, daß ich viele Modephotographen kannte. Außerdem hatte ich ein Studio in der King’s Road, wo sie arbeiten konnten. Ich organisierte also alles, und eines Tages standen sie in meiner Tür. Christo, der mit seinen tschechischen und bulgarischen Wurzeln aussah wie die slawische Antwort auf Anthony Perkins, und Jeanne-Claude, mit ihrer energischen Haltung ganz französische Generalstochter. Sie machten sich sofort an die Arbeit. Das Model, Ruth Ebling, verlor Schweiß, Contenance und ihre Frisur, aber die beiden Künstler hatten ihren Spaß. Und eroberten mein Herz. Als ich Christo später einmal meiner Mutter vorstellte, fragte sie ihm Löcher in den Bauch, obwohl ihr Verständnis für Kunst eigentlich bei Picasso aufhörte. Er blieb höflich und galant. Kurz darauf schlugen Christo und Jeanne-Claude in New York ein. Jeanne-Claudes Dinnereinladungen waren legendär. Man saß aufgereiht an einem langen, schmalen Tisch, neben Leuten wie Roy Lichtenstein und David Bourdon. Mir fiel damals auf, daß ihnen selbst gleichgesinnte Land Art-Künstler mit einem gewissen Mißtrauen begegneten. Ich denke, es lag am romantischen Zug, der ihrem Werk zueigen ist. Sie beendeten nicht nur die Sätze des anderen, sie rissen sich regelrecht gegenseitig das Wort aus dem Mund. Häufiger als alles andere habe ich Christo rufen hören, »No! No! No, Jeanne-Claude!«. Aber ihre Streitereien glichen in ihrer Leidenschaft eher einer Umarmung. Bei einem Abendessen in ihrem Lieblingsrestaurant, der French Culinary School auf dem Broadway, bestätigte mir Christo einmal, was nach außen hin nicht immer klar schien: »Wir arbeiten grundsätzlich an allen großen Projekten zusammen. Immer!« Nach Jeanne-Claudes Tod drängte sich die Frage, welche Auswirkungen das auf den Fortlauf der aktuellen Projekte haben würde, also geradezu auf. Christo antwortete mir auf eine Art, die ganz typisch für ihn war, nämlich pragmatisch, nicht emotional. Als der New Yorker Bürgermeister Michael Bloomberg 2003 endlich sein Einverständnis für das Projekt The Gates im Central Park gegeben hatte, kalkulierten sie die Kosten dafür und kamen auf 21 Millionen Dollar. »Jeanne-Claude wollte unbedingt sicherstellen, daß wir das Projekt auch würden beenden können. Wir hatten schließlich schon über 20 Jahre daran gearbeitet. Sie meinte, die Mittel dafür müßten bereit stehen, auch wenn mir etwas passieren sollte.« Also versicherten sie Christo für 20 Millionen Dollar. »Wenn mir etwas zugestoßen wäre, hätte Jeanne-Claude somit das nötige Geld gehabt, um alles zu beenden.« Und Jeanne-Claude war nicht versichert? »Doch, natürlich war Jeanne-Claude versichert, aber sehr bescheiden.« Ist das unemotional? Kaum, denn Christo sagt noch immer »wir«, wenn er über ein Projekt redet. Oder über andere Dinge. Er sagt immer »wir«. Christo und Jeanne-Claude beschrieben die vielen Treffen mit Regierungsvertretern, Geldgebern und sonstigen Stellen, die es brauchte, um Projekte wie Over the River auf den Weg zu bringen, als mühsam und langwierig: »Wir reden über ein Kunstwerk, das nur 14 Tage Bestand hat!« Wie absurd war doch die Kunst! Und wie überaus absurd erst diese Kunst, die so extrem kostspielig und dabei so kurzlebig war! Letztlich amüsierten sie sich darüber. Jetzt, da Jeanne-Claude nicht mehr ist, sagt Christo: »Kunst ist meist Illustration. Bei uns geht es darum... da zu sein, in echt.« Allerdings. Darum ging es. Geht es. 201
Further reading
sleek N°29 paris / T exas
Further Reading Our book recommendations are bulletproof and très chic. They will take you to Paris or Texas, or wherever your mind wants to go.
Julian Rosefeldt, American Night, The Green Box, Berlin 2009.
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Photographer Attila Hartwig
Julian Rosefeldt, American Night, The Green Box, Berlin 2009.
Agnès Rocamora, Fashioning the City. Paris, Fashion and the Media, I.B.Tauris, London/New York 2009.
We at sleek have a soft spot for beautifully and thoughtfully designed books like this one. Part art project documentation, part art project in itself, the book contains Julian Rosefeldt’s reflections (and deconstructions) of a film genre which is currently enjoying a buck bronkin’ revival: the Western. Based on simple recurring structures, as far as characters (sheriff, cowboy, rancher) and narrative (conflicts with Native Americans, high noon showdowns) are concerned, the Western film is essentially cliché-driven, but this is what makes it such a smooth ride. The viewer is so conditioned that not even the set equipment in the production stills can disturb the illusion.
You say »Paris«, you say »fashion«! No other city’s image has been more shaped by the fashion industry; no other city has influenced the worldwide perception of fashion more drastically than Paris. But Paris wouldn’t have been possible without the media. The internationalization, the trend-setting, the hype – all this was and is the media’s doing. Agnès Rocamora, a lecturer of Cultural and Historical Studies at the London College of Fashion, explains the city’s historical evolution as fashion capital by analyzing decades worth of press articles and campaigns. 203
Further reading
sleek N°29 Paris / T exas
Rita Ackermann: Marfa/Crash: Parking Accidents, THE international #7, Radical Silence Production + Nieves, Japan 2009.
In 2009, Rita Ackermann spent some time in Marfa, Texas, as artist in residence at the Chinati Foundation. For the artist magazine THE international, she created a very special visual account of her stay. Ackermann herself said of her time in Texas, »I feel like I’m living in a movie like The Misfits or Paris, Texas«, but there are not that many wrecked cars in either of these movies. For images of wrecked cars grace most pages of the magazine. But then, maybe to Ackermann, living in Texas is like a car accident – marked by violence and sadness, with a destination in mind that will never be reached.
Camilla Morton, Christian Lacroix and the Tale of Sleeping Beauty, HarperCollins Publishers, New York 2011.
The career of Christian Lacroix has seen some major ups and downs, with a slight southerly tendency. But if we believe in this fairytale, there’s nothing to worry about: Little princess Belle is cast under a spell that confines her to her chambers, where her only connection to the outside world is a crystal ball. In this magical device she watches Lacroix’s design career unfurl in Paris. However dramatic the events may be, they don’t stop her nodding off and staying fast asleep for 100 years, until she is awakened – not by the kiss of a prince, but by Lacroix’s magic thimble! The book is illustrated by Monsieur Lacroix himself, and if we all buy a copy he will live very happily for a while.
Jochen Stücke, Paris Album I, Kerber, Bielefeld/Leipzig 2009.
Jennifer June, Marty Snortum, Cowboy Boots: Art & Sole, Rizzoli Universe, New York 2010.
Davix, Les Camions de Paris, Edition Fink, Zurich 2008.
Murakami Versailles, Éditions Xavier Barral, Paris 2010.
Jochen Stücke is a professor for Drawing and Illustration at a small German university. His style is more typical of the 19th than the 21st century but he just happens to live in the latter. Undeterred, he happily mashes up his centuries in his collection of Paris-related drawings, which place historical figures side by side, sometimes in rather disrespectful ways. Hitler is confronted with Rodin’s Gates of Hell, Degas lives out his voyeuristic needs in a boudoir, and Napoleon is driven round the bend by hordes of tourists. An image of Paris that is part caricature, part love letter.
Making cowboy boots is quite a complex affair. Boot maker Jennifer June and Marty Snortum, a passionate boot photographer for 25 years, present the art of cowboy boot making, the evolution of cowboy footwear as an iconic ingredient of American fashion, and the incredible variety of boot types. Customizing seems to be a timeless trend which has resulted in the most unlikely motifs. It takes a real man to strut his stuff in boots adorned with candy-colored flowers. In general, cowboy boots are not for milquetoasts. If you wanna wear ’em, you gotta »walk tall, stand tall, step forward.«
The decline of the Paris art scene is a long lamented tragedy. The millions of FRACs (Fonds Regional d’Art Contemporain), public funds that purchase art for public collections, has kept artists and galleries out of poverty for decades and has also prevented a competitive art market from evolving. What has flourished in Paris over the past 20 or so years, however, is the street art scene. Whereas buildings in the banlieus offer plenty of surfaces for graffiti, the city centre has been more difficult to conquer. But, as Swiss author Davix documents in this book, street artists have succeeded: by using trucks as a rolling canvas.
Versailles could be described as France’s cultural flagship store for the nation’s aesthetic achievements, dating principally from the Baroque period. Purists poo-poo the new fashion of showing contemporary art at Versailles. They fail to see that the artists exhibiting there are Baroque themselves, and in the sunny times of Louis XIV might well have been purveyors of art to his court. Following Jeff Koons and Xavier Veilhan, last year it was the turn of Takashi Murakami. As this book shows, even adversaries of Murakami’s art have to admit that it makes the old splendour of Versailles look extrême contemporain.
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Further reading
sleek N°29 Paris / T exas
Jerry Hall, Mein Leben in Bildern (My Life in Pictures), Schirmer/Mosel, Munich 2011.
Susan Tabak, Chic in Paris, Seline Edition, New York 2006.
The most puzzling thing about the German edition of Jerry Hall’s memoirs is how different its cover is from the English one: whereas the latter shows Hall in a typical modelling pose (Paris?), the former is totally Texas. Hall grew up in small-town Texas but left home at the age of 17, when the lucky lady received 800 dollars in compensation for medical malpractice at the local hospital, which she used to travel to Paris to start a modelling career. The investment paid off. It brought her fame, money, men like Mack Swagger and a lifestyle that was the polar opposite of her roots. But, as the cover photo reveals, you can take the girl out of Texas, but…
There are a gazillion and one shopping guides to Paris, but this didn’t keep Susan Tabak, a style expert and fashion blogger (susantabak.com), from producing one more. Hers, however, has a pretty brilliant perspective: Tabak interviewed eight of the leading local female style icons, women who really know their Paris, among them model Inès de la Fressange and jewellery designer Marie-Hélène de Taillac. Georgina Brandolini talks about fashion faux-pas, and Sonia Rykiel’s daughter Nathalie recommends hairdressers. With these women pointing you in the right directions you can be sure your next Paris trip will not be lacking in style.
Tilar J. Mazzeo, The Secret of Chanel No. 5: The intimate history of the world’s most famous perfume, HarperCollins Publishers, New York 2010.
Theodore Brasser, Native American Clothing: An illustrated History, Firefly Books, Richmond Hill, Ontario 2009.
Jacquelyn C. Black, ...last meal, Common Courage Press, Monroe 2003.
Lise Sarfati, Fashion Magazine. Austin, Texas, Magnum, London 2008.
This is the »unauthorised biography of the world’s most famous, seductive, and successful perfume.« What made Chanel No. 5 such a hit? How is this scent is still considered modern although it was concocted 90 years ago? Referred to in the perfume industry as »the monster«, it is arguably the first luxury product that became coveted by the masses. Chanel No. 5 manages to convey the quintessence of Parisian elegance, even when sitting on a high school girl’s dressing table in a one-horse Texan town. This book collects myths and facts surrounding the most brilliant marketing coup in the history of the luxury product.
When we think of »Indians« and how they dress, we think of feathered headdresses, beads and buckskin. We think »costume«, not »fashion« and we think of them dressing more or less the same. But once there was a multitude of Native American tribes from the Arctic to the semi-tropical regions in the South (25 tribes in Texas alone), and they all had their own individual style. Ironically, in the process of destroying Native American culture the European settlers also helped to preserve it: their early paintings and descriptions help to reconstruct the history and evolution of Native American fashion, and some of them are included in this book.
The last meal is served two hours before execution. It is composed of whatever the convict wants, whatever the cost. However, all ingredients have to be part of the prison kitchen’s supply, and alcohol and cigarettes are generally denied – although these are high in demand. Most just want burgers and fries as far as food is concerned. Some have lost all appetite and want nothing but a pickled cucumber. Jacquelyn C. Black has cooked and arranged the last meals of 23 prisoners executed in Texas, photographing them in a straight documentary style. The sight of the food they ordered makes even the most vicious murderers appear more human – the death penalty all the less.
Each year, one photographer gets to photograph the Magnum photo agency’s Fashion Magazine. The commission is less about photographing fashion than about playing with the rules of fashion photography and pushing the boundaries. Lise Sarfati, who had already photographed in Texas for her book The New Life in 2005, chose to portray adolescents in Austin, Texas. The challenge came less from the high fashion side and more from considerations about how to show underprivileged, unhappy and disoriented youngsters without fuelling the white trash trailer-park image which Texas in particular seems to evoke.
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Index
ABC Abigail Ahern, www.atelierabigailahern.com, Carol Leggett PR,
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MNO
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Paul & Joe, www.paulandjoe.com, Mrs. Politely, +49 40 30399690
Calvin Klein Collection, www.calvinklein.com, Loews, +49 89 21937910
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Celine, www.celine.com, +33 1 55890792
Phil Cuttance, www.philcuttance.com, Darkroom, +44 20 78317244
Cerruti, www.cerruti.com, +33 1 53301881
Prada, www.prada.com, Loews, +49 89 21937910
Chanel, www.chanel.com, +49 40 8009120
Pringle of Scotland, www.pringlescotland.com, Goa Corporation,
Chloé, www.chloe.com, +33 1 44943333
+39 02 54122449
Christian Dior, www.dior.com, Antje Campe-Thieling, +49 40 41468140
Rag & Bone, www.rag-bone.com
Christian Louboutin, www.christianlouboutin.com, +33 1 42360531
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Closed, www.closed.com, +49 40 44184000
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COS, www.cosstores.com, Loews, +49 89 21937910
Sonia Rykiel, www.soniarykiel.com, +33 1 49546000
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Stetson, www.stetson-europe.com, Think Inc, +49 89 7246760 DEF
Sportmax, www.sportmax.it, Schrader Consult, + 49 89 46134540
Dries van Noten, www.diresvannoten.be, +33 1 42744407
Stella McCartney, www.stellamccartney.com, +44 20 7518 3111
Emma Yeo, www.emmayeo.com, Blow Pr, +44 20 74369449
Stephen Johnson, www.stephenjohnson.biz
Esther Perbandt, www.estherperbandt.com, Salon pr, +49 30 30874097 TUV GHI
Tata Naka, www.tatanaka.com, Finch &Partners, +44 20 78517140
Gaspard Yurkievich, www.gaspardyurkievich.com, Relative Mo,
Tiger of Sweden, www.tigerofsweden.com, Silk Relations,
+33 1 44779360
+49 30 84710830
Hermès, www.hermes.com, +33 1 40174706
Topshop, www.topshop.com, 00800 5344 6666 Valentino, www.valentino.com, +33 1 47236461
JKL
Versace, www.versace.com, Loews, +49 89 21937910
Jayne Pierson, www.jaynepierson.co.uk, Blow PR, +44 20 74369449
Viktor & Rolf, www.viktor-rolf.com, Staff International, +33 1 71936000
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Jean Paul Gaultier, www.jpgaultier.fr, +33 1 44688505 Kris van Assche, www.krisvanassche.com, +33 1 48045245
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Lee, www.lee.com, absolution PR, +49 89 5488960
Yves Saint Laurent, www.ysl.com, +33 1 56626400
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29 contemporary art fair Thu 28 April - Sun 1 May 2011 Preview & Vernissage: Wednesday 27 April. By invitation only
www.artbrussels.be
sleek N°30 Sound / Silence
Preview Summer 2011
Christian Marclay, Geneva, 1995. C-print, 35.6 × 26.4 cm. © the artist, courtesy White Cube, London.
...and the vision that was planted in my brain – still remains within the sound of silence... Simon & Garfunkel, The Sound Of Silence (1965) 210
00800 - 00 37 22 32
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