Sri Lanka Microfinance Forum ISSN 2012-5666
Volume 1, June 2009
njhopy; El;gKk;> Ez;ejp epWtdq;fSk; mJ xU cz;ikj;jd;ikahdjh?
rpwg;gpay;Gfs; nra;jpj; jpul;L gapw;rpfSk; epfo;r;rpfSk; Ma;T kd;wk; tplaq;fspd; Ma;T Ez;epjp El;gq;fs; rpwe;j eilKiwfs;
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Sri Lanka Microfinance Forum
MrphpaHfsJ nra;jp md;ghHe;j thrfNu> khjk; ,U Kiw ntspahFk; ,r; nra;jpklypd; KjyhtJ gjpg;ig ntspapLtjpy; kpfg; ngUikailfpd;Nwhk;. epNuh\hdp rtdtL ICT Ez; epjp MNyhrfH
,J Ez; epjp njhopw; Jiwapd; ePz;l fhy Njitiag; G+Hj;jp nra;fpd;wJ.
,k;uhd; egPH Ez; epjp MNyhrfH
,r; nra;jp klypd; gpujhd Nehf;fq;fshtJ kf;fSf;F fw;gpg;gJ> mwpitg; gfpHe;jspg;gJ> epfo;fhy jiyg;Gf;fisg; gw;wp NgRtJ> Ez; epjp epWtdq;fisg; gw;wpa tplaq;fis Kd; itj;J> jpwkhd eilKiwfis mwpKfg; gLj;JtJ rHtNjrj; juq;fis vLj;Jf; fhl;LtJ njhopy; Jiwapd; etPdg; Nghf;ifg;
gw;wp czHj;JtJ kw;Wk; ,j;Jiwapd; gyj;ijAk; gytPdq;fisAk; vLj;Jiug;gJ. kpf Kf;fpaj;Jtk; tha;e;jJ vd;dntd;why; ,j; Jiwapd; gq;fhsHfspd; njhlHghly;fSf;nfd Nkilnahd;iw mikg;gjhFk;.
MNyhrid rig> nrdhth> GTZ PROMIS vDk; epWtdq;fSf;Fk; ,g; gjpg;gpw;fhf fl;LiufisAk; gy cjtpfisAk; toq;fpa midtUf;Fk; vkJ ed;wpiaj; njhptpj;Jf; nfhs;fpNwhk;.
Kjypy; jfty; njhlHghly; kw;Wk; njhopEl;g epWtdk; (ICT) Ez; epjpj; njhopw;Jiwf;F Mw;wpa ek;gpf;ifA+l;Lk; gq;fspg;igg; gw;wpf; fye;JiuahLtJ
re;jh> tprhuidfs;> tpkHrd; kw;Wk; vk;nkhopapyhtJ fl;Liufs; toq;FtJ Nghd;wtw;wpw;F microfinance.forum@gmail.com %yk; njhlHG nfhs;s KbAk;.
rpwe;jNjhH Jiwapw;fhf rpwpanjhU mbahf mikAk; ,r;nra;jp klYf;Fg; gq;fspg;G nra;tjw;fhf vy;yh gq;fhspfSf;Fk; miog;G tpLf;fpd;Nwhk;.
,g;gbf;F md;Gs;s epNuh\hdp rtdtL kw;Wk; ,k;uhd; egPH
The Sri Lanka Microfinance Forum irg;gw;wp ,yq;ifapd; Ez; epjpj; Jiw kPjhd fz;Nzhl;lk; jdpj;JtkhdJ mjd; Kf;fpa rpj;jhe;jkhtJ “,j; JiwapypUe;Jk; ,j; Jiwf;fhfTk;” ,r; rpj;jhe;jk; ,j;Jiwapy; <LghLs;s ahtUf;Fk; jpwe;jpUg;gNjhL mijr; rpq;fs> jkpo; kw;Wk; Mq;fpy nkhopfspYk; ngw;Wf; nfhs;s KbAk;. ,J Ez; epjp epWtdq;fshd yq;fh Ez; epjp tiyaikg;G> Muha;r;rp epWtdq;fs;> njhopy; elj;JgtH> nfhs;if tFg;ghsH kw;Wk; ,j; Jiw kPJ MHtk; nfhz;Nlhiu gpu-
jpepjpg;gLj;Jk; gq;fhspfs; ahtiuAk; xd;wpidf;f cj;Njrpf;fpd;wJ. ,r; rpj;jhe;jj;jpd; ,yf;FfshtJ! ,j;Jiwiar; rhHe;j ntt;NtW gq;fhspfspd; fye;Jiuahly;fis Cf;Ftpg;gJ Ez; epjpiag; gw;wpa cs;ehl;L ntspehl;Lr; nra;jpfis ,j; Jiwf;F mwptpg;gJ njhopy;El;gq;fs; kw;Wk; topKiwfisg; gw;wpf; fye;Jiuahb jpwkhd
eilKiwfis mDrhpj;J Ez;epjpj; Jiwia tpUj;jp nra;tJ. gapw;rpj; jpl;lq;fs;> gapw;rpg; gl;liwfs;> kw;Wk; $l;lq;fs; Nghd;wtw;wpf;F ,lkspg;gJ. ,yq;ifapd; Ez; epjp kPjhd fz;Nzhl;lj;jpd; ,Wjp Nehf;fkhtJ Fwpj;j ,yf;Ffis mila ,j;Jiwiag; gyg;gLj;jp tpUj;jpailar; nra;tNj.
,yq;iff;F Ez; epjpf; nfhs;ifnahd;W Njitah? mLj;jjhf ,yq;ifapd; Ez; epjp kPjhd fz;Nzhl;lk; ,yq;iff;F Ez; epjpf; nfhs;if nahd;iwg; gw;wp MuhAk;> MfNt cq;fsplkpUe;J ehk; njhpe;J nfhs;s Ntz;bajhtJ.
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Ez;
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cq;fsJ gjpy;fis microfinance.forum@gmail.com
vj;jifa
nra;jpj; jpul;L cs;ehl;Lr; nra;jpfs; fld;gl;Ls;s kf;fSf;Fk; kw;Wk; epWtdq;fSf;Fk; cjtp toq;Ftjw;fhf ,yq;if tq;fpahsH rq;fk; XH fld; MNyhridr; Nritia ,t; thuk; Muk;gpj;Js;sJ. fld; ml;ilfSk; fl;lj;jtWk; rpy;yiuf; fld;fSk; mjpfhpj;J tUfpd;wjdhy; ,j;jifaNjhH Nrit mtrpakhdJ. yq;fh Ez; epjp tyaikg;G (LMPA) jdJ ,af;FeH rigf;Fg; gpuhe;jpa ,af;FeHfis
cs;slf;fpAs;sJ. LMPA ,j; Jiwapd; Kd;Ndw;wj;jpw;fhf juT epuy; xd;iw Muk;gpf;f cs;sJ. LOLC Ez; epjpg; gphpit (LOMC) Muk;gpj;Js;sNjhL mjpf rhjhuz KjyPLfis nejHyhe;J epjp epWtdj;jplkpUe;J (FMO) ngw;Ws;sJ. rHtNjr (IFRC)
nrQ;rpYitr; rq;fk; njd; khfhzj;jpy;
cs;s gadhspfSf;F tUlj;jpw;F 20% tPj rhjhuz tl;biatpl khzpa mbg;gilapy; 18% tPj flid Kjy; %d;W tUlq;fSf;F rdr mgptpUj;jp tq;fp %yk; toq;fTs;sJ. (www.Microcapitral.org) nra;jpul;L njhlUk;…….
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Volume 1, June 2009
nra;jpul;L njhlUk;……. nrd;wy; gpdhd;]; Ez; epjpg;gphpit Muk;gpf;f cs;sJ. Ez; epjp bg;Nshkh ghlnewpapd; fjTfs; nfhOk;G gy;fiyf;fofj;jpw;F jpwf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. Nkyjpfj; jftYf;F my;yJ premarat@cmb.ac.lk 0773439323 Ald; njhlHG nfhs;syhk;. cs;ehl;L fhg;GWjp epWtdq;fshfpa rpypd;Nfh Vrpad; myhad;];> rdr fhg;GWjp epWtdq;fs;> [drf;jp> Ez; epjp kPJ mjpf ftdk; nrYj;jpAs;sd. Ez; epjp ifNal;bd; jkpo; nkhop ngaHg;G jahuhf
cs;sJ. ntF tpiutpy; %yk; www.microfinance.lk ngw;Wf;nfhs;syhk;. rpq;fs nkhop ngaHg;G jahuhfpd;wJ. ntF tpiutpy; ,yq;ifapd; Ez; epjp epWtdq;fSf;fhd rl;l #oy; Ma;T G+Hj;jpahFk;. LMFPA, PROMIS epWtdj;jpd; cjtpAld; ,t; Ma;it rl;l epGzH xUtUf;F xg;gilj;jNjhL mjd; ,Wjp Ma;it tpiutpy; vjpHghHfpd;wJ. Nkyjpfj; jfty;fspw;F lanmicfinnet@slt.net my; y J imfpa@slt.net.lk %yk; njhlHG nfhs;syhk;. L M P A e p W t d
cWg;gpdHfSf;fhd tpjp Kiwfis mwpKfg;gLj;jy;. ,t; tpjpKiwfs; epWtdj; j pd; c W g ; g p d H f S f ; f h d topfhl;liy toq;Fk;. Nkyjpf tpguq;fSf;F lanmicfinnet@sltnet.lk or lmfpa@sltnet.lk Clhf njhlHG nfhs;sTk; IBSL Ez; epjp Diploma fw;ifnewp tpiutpy; Muk;gk;.
bdmibsl@sltnet.lk 0716822804 %yk; njhlHG
nfhs;syhk;. ,it Nghd;w Nkyjpf jfty; f s; ck; k plk; ,Ug; g pd; jaT nra;J microfinance.forum@gmail.com
ntspehl;Lr; nra;jpfs; IFC kw;Wk; KFW vDk; epWtdq;fs; tphpTgLj;jg;gl;l Ez; epjp trjpia Vw;gLj;jpAs;sd. ,J XH FWfpa kw;Wk; eLj;ju fhy mnkhpf;f nlhyH 500 kpy;ypad; tiuAs;s trjpahFk;. ,e; epjp 40 ehLfspy; cs;s RkhH 200 Ez; epjp epWtdq;fsf;F toq;fg;gl;lTs;sJ. ,J ,j; Jiwapy; Kd;ddp tfpf;Fk; epWtdq;fshd g;S XHrl; igdhd;];> nu];nghd;]; vgpypb kw;Wk; rpuhNdh kNd[;kz;l; Clhf mtw;wpw;F toq;fg;gLk;. 2007 tUlj;jpw;fhd MIX ntspaPLfSk; kjpg;gPl;Lj; juq;fSk; MIX epWtdk; 2007k; tUlj;jpw;fhd mjd; Ez; epjp epWtdq;fspd; kjpg;gPl;Lj; juq;fis ntspaPl;Ls;sJ. cyf kjpg;gPl;Lj; juq;fspd; njhFg;ghdJ> tsHr;rpailAk; cynfq;Fk; cs;s Ez;epjp epWtdq;fspd; nray;ghLfisAk; mtw;wpd; epjpj;juTfisAk; nfhz;Ls;sJ. %yk; : The Mix Market BRAC gq;fshNjrj;jpy; Rfhjhuj;jpw;fhd Ez; fhg;GWjpia toq;Ffpd;wJ jplhd epjpapd; ghlq;fs; gq;fshNjr fpuhkpa mgptpUj;jpf; FOtpd; Ez; Rfhjhuf; fhg;GWjp (Brace) mq;Fs;s twpa
ngz;fSf;fhd fhg;GWjpiag; gw;wp vOjpa fl;Liu> gq;fshNjrj;J Rfhjhu Ez; fhg;GWjpj; jpl;lq;fspd; Ez; % yjd Ma;Tfspy; ,uz;lhk; ,lj;ij tfpf;fpd;wJ. M-PESA - neUf;fbapy; M-PESA elkhLk; epjpr; Nrit nfd;dpahtpy; cs;s 05 kpy;ypad; gjpT nra;ag;gl;l thbf;ifahsHfisg; ghjpg;Gf;Fs;shf;fpapUf;fpd;wNjhL mjd; xOq;F epiy kPJ mjpf ftdj;ij <Hj;Js;sJ (http// technology cgap.org/January 2009) ,e;jpa SHG njhlHGfspd; tsHr;rpapd; Ntfk; Fiwe;Js;sJ ,e;jpa SHG njhlHGfspd; tsHr;rp Fd;wpAs;sJ (Ke;jpa tUlj;jpy; 40% tPjj;jpypUe;J jw;NghJ 18% tPjk; FiwT) rpe;jpf;f Ntz;ba XH re;jHg;gk; MFk;. (Jiwapd; mwpf;if Ez; epjp ,e;jpah) jw;fhypf epWj;jkh my;yJ Kw;Wg; Gs;spah? (http://microfinance.cgap.org. January 2009) Ez; %yjdk; gpd;tUk; Ie;J Mrpa Ez; epjp “Kd;Ndhbfis milahsk; fz;Ls;sJ”
eilKiwfisAk; njhopy; El;gq;fisAk; Mrpahtpy; tsHr;rp ngwr; nra;aTk; tpUj;jp nra;aTk; ePz;l fhyg; gq;fspg;ig toq;fpAs;shHfs;. ,tHfs; jha;yhe;jpd; nkrha; tPuitj;jpa> ,e;njhNdrpahtpd; md;ld; Nrh[hNth> ,e;jpahtpd; tp[a; kh` [d;> ,e;NjhNdrpahtpd; gq;ghq; ,];ktd; kw;Wk; = yq;fhtpd; fUzhtjp nkdpNf mthHfs;. ghfp];jhdpd; Ez; epjpj; Jiwf;F mr;RWj;jy;? rpy cs;ehl;L kf;fshy; NjHe;njLf;fg;gl;l murpay;thjpfsJ jiyaPL xU neUf;fbiaj; Njhw;Wtpj;J ghfp];jhd; Ez; epjpapd; ew;ngaUf;Ff; fsq;fk; Vw;gLj;jpAs;sJ (www.microcapital.org/21/04/2009)
jdpahH gq;F epjpapd; cs;thq;fy; ,e;jpa Ez; epjpj; Jiwapy; 2008 – 2009k; epjp Mz;by; 242% tsHr;rpiaf; fz;Ls;sJ. nrd;idapy; KjyPLfisf; fz;fhzpf;Fk; ntrH ,d;nlypad;]; epWtdk;. 2009k; Mz;L khHr; khj ,Wjpf;Fs; ,e;jpa Ez; Jiwf;F // jdpahH gq;F epjp KjyPLfs; nra;ag;gl;Ls;sjhf mwptpj;Js;sJ. (www.microcapital.org/21/04/2009)
mtHfs; Ez; epjpapd; jpwkhd
cs;ehl;L ntspehl;L gapw;rpfSk; epfo;r;rpfSk; elkhLk; tq;fpr; Nritapd; re;jHg;gq;fSk; rthy;fSk; Nk khjk; ,Wjpapy; nfhOk;gpy; GTZ g;nuhkp]; epWtdj;jpdhy; xOq;F nra;ag;gLk; gapw;rpg; gl;liw. Nkyjpfj; jfty;fSf;F im my;yJ imran.ismail@gtz.de www.microfinace.lk Ald; njhlHG nfhs;sTk;.
CGAP KjyPl;L gapw;rp Mk;khdpy;> 2009k; Mz;L [{d; khjk; 14-18 tiu. www.cgap.org elkhLk; epjp cr;r kfhehL 2009 ghrpNyhdhtpy; 2009k; Mz;L [{d; khjk; 22 – 25 tiu www.mobilemoneysummit.com
15k; tUl Nghy;l Ez; epjp epfo;r;rp epuy; bAhpdpy; 2009k; Mz;L [{iy khjk; 20 njhlf;fk; Mf];l; 07 tiu www.boulder microfinance.org/ turin 2009/ index. htm ePq;fs; vjpHtUk; epfo;r;rpfisg; gw;wp mwpe;jpUg;gpd; jaT nra;J ,j; jfty;fis microfinance.forum@gmail.com
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Sri Lanka Microfinance Forum
Ma;T kd;wk; elkhLk; njhopy; El;gk; ve;j mstpw;F Ez; epjpj;Jiwia khw;wk; nra;Ak;?
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xOq;Ff; fl;likg;G kw;Wk; njhopy; rk;ge;jkhd tplaq;fisAk; Muha Ntz;Lk;’
elkhLk; njhopy; El;gk; cynfq;Fk; cs;s kf;fspd; njhopy; nra;Ak; Kiwfis khw;wpAs;sJ. NkYk; Ez; epjp> epjpj;Jiwapy; Eioe;J ntt;NtW epjp Kiwfis cUthf;Ffpd;wJ. elkhLk; njhopy; El;gj;jpd; tphpthd tsHr;rp twpa kf;fSf;F Ez; epjp tof;Fk; tpjj;ij khw;wpaikf;fTs;sJ. Mdhy; gazhspfs; elkhLk; njhopy; El;gj;ij Vw;fj; jahuhf ,Uf;fpd;whHfsh? gpypigd; Njrk; elkhLk; tzpfj;ijf;ifahSk; tpjk; XH ey;y cjhuzkhFk;. gpypigkd; Njrj;J Ez; epjp epWtdq;fs; elkhLk; njhopy; El;gj;ij cgNahfpj;J jkJ thbf;ifahsHfSf;F Ez; epjpr; Nritfis toq;fpAs;sdH. nfd;ah> njd; Mgphpf;fh Nghd;w ehLfSk; elkhLk; njhopy; El;gj;ij cgNahfpj;J ntd;w fijfs; cs;sd. Mrpahtpy; cs;s rpy Ez; epjp epWtdq;fs; gy topfhl;bfis Muk;gpj;J elkhLk; njhopy; El;gj;jpd;
ghtidiar; rkhspf;ff; $bajh vd ghprPyid nra;Js;sd. Mdhy; nfhLf;fy; thq;fy; eltbf;iffspd; tpiy mjpfhpg;gpdhYk;> thbf;ifahsHfSf;F tof;fkhd nfhLf;fy; thq;fs; r%fkhf ,Ug;gjdhYk;> gy epWtdq;fs; topfhl;bfSf;F mg;ghy; nrd;W ed;ik ngwj; jtwpAs;sdH. gq;fshNjrk;> ,e;jpah> fk;Nghbah Nghd;w ehLfspd; cs;s cyfg; Gfo;tha;e;j Ez; epjp epWtdq;fs; tof;fkhd epjp Kiwfisf; ifahz;L jpwkhd tsHr;rpia vl;bAs;sd. elkhLk; njhopy; El;gk; Ez; epjpapd; xU ghfkhf nray;gLk;. Neuk; tUk; tiu ,e; Ez; epjp epWtdq;fs; ew;gadspf;ff; $ba nryT Kiwfis cgNahfpj;J tsHr;rpaila KbAk;. LOCI Ez; fld; gphpT (LOMC) nraYf;fKs;s nryT Kiwfis cgNahfpj;J epjp toq;Fk; Kiwfis tpUj;jp nra;Js;sJ. LOMC gjtpa>
nky;rphpGu> Gyj;rpq;`y kw;Wk; nfhlfnty Nghd;w efuq;fSf;F Ez; epjp toq;Ftjw;fhf ,yq;if jghy; jpizf;fsj;Jld; ,ize;J rpW mYtyfq;fis ,j;jghy; mYtyfq;fspy; Muk;gpj;J LOMC cj;jpNahfj;jHfis epakpj;Js;sJ. %d;W efuq;f@lhd njhlHGfs;; epjpr; Nritfs; toq;Ftijj; Jhpjg;gLj;Jfpd;wd. ,yq;iff;Fj; Njitahd njhiyj; njhlHG fl;likg;G cs;sjdhy; Ez; epjpj;Jiwia xU Gjpa kl;lj;jpw;Ff; nfhz;L nry;y KbAk;. Mdhy; ,j;Jiw mjpfkhf njhopy; El;gq;fis mutizf;Fkhdhy; elkhLk; tzpfj;ijg; gw;wpa xOq;Ff; fl;likg;G> kw;Wk; njhopy; rk;ge;jkhd nfhLf;fy; thq;fy;fspd; nryTfs;> njhopy; El;gj;ij cgNahfpj;J ,t; tplaq;fisAk; Muha Ntz;Lk;. utp jpNruh ,af;FeH / epiwNtw;W mjpfhhp
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Nltpl; ghNlhrh PROMIS epWtdk;
“M-tq;fpr;
Nrit gpukhz;lkhdJ. ehk; mij cgNahfpf;f Ntz;Lk;”
rpy khjq;fSf;F Kd; nly;ypapy; eilngw;w khehl;by; Ez; epjpiag; gw;wpa Gjpa njhopy; El;gq;fis Mokhfj; njhpe;J nfhz;Nld;. Ez; epjpapdJ Gjpa njhopy; El;gq;fspd; Nghf;F 1990Mk; Mz;L ,Wjpapy; tsHr;rp fz;l ,izaj;jsj;jpw;Fr; rkkhdJ. ,jd; tuTld; xU rpy fUj;Jf;fs; kl;Lk; epiyj;jd. ,it gy tpthjq;fSf;F cs;shdhYk; vkJ tho;it ehSf;F ehs; khw;wpaikj;Js;sd. Ez; epjpAk; ,jw;Fr; rkkhdJ ,d;W ,izaj;jsk; ,y;yhjpUe;jhy; ehk; vq;fpUe;jpUg;Nghk;? ifalf;fj; njhiyNgrp ,y;yhjpUe;jhy; vg;gb njhlHg;G
nfhs;Nthk;? ,d;W Gjpa njhopy; El;gq;fshd ifalf;fj; njhiyNgrp> nyg;nlhg; Nghd;wtw;iwg; gw;wp mjpfk; Ngrg;gLfpd;wJ. (,it mt;tsT Gjpait my;y) Mdhy; ,it twpa kf;fspd; tq;fpr; Nritfis tsHr;rpailar; nra;Js;sJ. ,J Ngr;R kl;Lkh my;yJ cz;ikah? ,J cz;ikahfNt twpa kf;fisr;nrd;wilfpd;wjh? GAP apd; Gjpa Fwpg;Gfs; ,ijg; gw;wp tpsf;fk; mspj;Js;sd. ,g; Gjpa njhopy; El;gq;fs; twpa kf;fis vl;L Kd; mtw;wpd; tsHr;rp twpa kf;fis vl;Lkh? mg;gbahdhy; kl;LNk ,j; njhopEl;gq;fspd;
tpsf;fk; GhpAk;. ,y;yh tpbd; mJ gpuNahrdkw;wjhfptpLk;. ,yq;ifapNy njhiyj; njhlHG Nritfis mspg;gtHfSk; tq;fpfSk; ntF J}uk; nry;y Ntz;bAs;sJ. vg;gbahapDk; M-tq;fpr; Nrit gpukhz;lkhdJ ,ij ehk; cgNahfpf;f Ntz;Lk;. Nltpl; ghNlhrh Ez;epjp kw;Wk; epGzH PROMIS epWtdk;.
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g;;ufjp Nrth FzNrfu mspj;j Ngl;b
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ehk; vLj;j Kjy; mbahtJ xU ey;y Kfhikj;Jt jfty; Kiwikia mwpKfg;gLj;JtJ. Mjd; gpd; tq;fpf; fzf;Fg; Gj;jfq;fis mr;rpl;L thbf;ifahshplkpUe;J. mq;fpfhuj;ijg; ngw;Nwhk;. mtHfs; vk;ik kw;w tq;fpfSf;F xg;gpl;L mNj Kiwfis mDrhpf;fpd;Nwhkh vd;W ghHj;jdH. ,J vkJ thbf;ifahsH kj;jpapy; ek;gpf;ifia Vw;gLj;jpaJ. ehk;
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El;gq;fis
cgNahfpf;Fk; Nehf;fk; vd;dntd;why; nryitf; Fiwj;J thbf;ifahsH kj;jpapy; rKjha mq;fPfhuk; ngWtNjahFk;. vkJ Nritfis thbf;ifahsHfSf;F tphptilar; nra;J NkYk; gyUf;F Nritahw;wTk; ,J XH Kd; epge;jidahFk; vd;W czHe;Njhk;. Vg;gbahapd; 1k; ghpNrhjidapd; NghJ ehk; Vw;fdNt epidj;jJ mt;tsT RygkhfhJ vd;gijj; njhpe;J nfhz;Nlhk;. vkJ
KjyhtJ jpl;lk; fld; nray;ghLfspd; <LgLk; cj;jpNahfj;jHfSf;F ifalf;f cgfuzq;fshd ifalf;fj; njhiyNgrpfis toq;FtJ. Mdhy; ,jd;%yk; Vw;gl;l jpwikfs; XusTf;Fkl;Lk; $bAs;sij mwpe;Njhk;. fld; mjpfhhpfs; ifalf;f njhiyNgrpapy; jfty;fis cs;slf;f> jhk; iffshy; vOJtij tpl mjpf NeunkLg;gjhy; ,j; njhiy
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Volume 1, June 2009
tplaq;fspd; Ma;T rzr njhopy;El;gj;Jld; nray;ghLfis tphpTgLj;Jk; Ez; epjpj; Jiwapy; rpwe;j nthU epWtdkhfj; jpfOk; Ntis rdr mjd; jsuhj nghWg;Gld; ehnlq;Fk; gue;jNjhH mgptpUj;jp jpl;lj;ijf; nfhz;L nry;fpd;wJ. NkYk; xU ghhpa njhopy; El;gj; jPHitj; jdJ tq;fp ika eltbf;iffs;> nkd; nghUs;> tiyaikg;G ikak; kw;Wk; elkhLk; jd;dpaf;f ape;jpuk; Nghd;wtw;wpf;F mwpKfg;gLj;JtNjhL rdr rq;fq;fSf;F xNu khjphpahd nfhLf;fy; thq;fSf;fhd nkd; nghUis njhopy; El;gj;jPHtpd; %yk; toq;fj;jpl;lkpl;Ls;sJ. SDBL rpf;NdrH gprHt; (fiserv) epWtdj;jpd; tq;fp eltbf;iffSf;fhd jPHTld; 2009 Mz;L ngg;gputhp khjk; Kjy; ,ize;Js;sJ. Fiserv cyfg; Gfo; ngw;w epWtdkhFk;. ,J 20>000 nkd;
nghUs; jPHTfis tHj;jf tq;fpfSf;F toq;fpAs;sJ. NkYk; cyfpy; cs;s 4500 tHj;jf tq;fp ikaq;fSf;Fk; nkd; nghUis mspj;Js;sJ. ,yq;if tq;fp kw;Wk; nfhkHry; tq;fpAk; Kjd; Kjyh Ez; epjp nraw;ghLfspy; mjpf <LghLs;s SDBI cld; NrHe;J nrayhw;wpAs;sd. ICBS eilKiwf;F tUk; NghJ DDBL thbf;ifahsHfs; gpd; tUk; rYiffisg; ngWtH. ATM rYiffs; ,iza tq;fpr; Nrit
epWtdj;jhy; epHtfpf;fg;gl;L As 1400 kpd; fl;likg;G Clhf jfty; toq;fp (server) %yk; toq;fg;gLk; ntw;wpfukhd ICBS eltbf;iffSf;fhf SDBL XH nray; mzpia ];jhgpj;Js;sJ.
,e;jpf uzrpq;f rpNu\;l KfhikahsH Sanasa mgptpUj;jp tq;fp
,e;jpf uzrpq;f rpNu\;l KfhikahsH IT rzr mgptpUj;jp tq;fp
PDA tq;fp Nrit SMS tq;fpr; Nrit Nkw;$wg;gl;l ,yq;ifapd;
nkd; cs;s
nghUs; IBML
YMCA kl;lf;fsg;gpy; fpisfsw;w tq;fpr; Nrit kl;lf;fsg;G YMCA XH rpwpa Ez; epjp epWtdk; MdhYk; gue;j jplkhd tsHr;rpia fpof;F efukhd kl;lf;fsg;gpy; fz;Ls;sJ. njhopy; El;gj;ij cgNahfpf;fhyhk; nray;gLk; ,t; tq;fp Kiw kpf;f MHtKs;sJ. 40 KftHfisf; nfhz;l tiyaikg;G> nryTfisf; Fiwj;J rpwg;ghf Nrit nra;gtHfSf;F Cf;Ftpg;G nfhLg;gdTfis toq;Ffpd;wJ. jpwdhd Nritfisg; gue;jstpy; gug;gp
njd;
Mgphpf;fh:
mtHfsJ Ra Njitfis 2005k; Mz;L 101% tPjj;jpypUe;J 2008k; Mz;L ,Wjpapy; 130% tPjj;jpw;F Nky; mjpfhpj;Js;sdJ. (PAR) epYitapy; cs;s fld; njhif (30 ehl;fs;) 98% tPjj;jpypUe;J 2.9% tPjk; tiu tpUj;jpaile;Js;sJ. YMCA 2200 fld;fisf; nfhz;l xU rpW Ez; epjp epWtdkhdhYk; (MFI) mq;F tUfpd;w NtW
elkhLk;
nghJthf tq;fpr; Nritfs; twpa kf;fis milAk; cjhuzq;fs; rpwpJ. CGAP njhopy; El;gj;ijg; gad;gLj;Jk; njd; Mgphpf;f mjd; tq;fpapd; WIZZIT gphpT vg;gb Nritfis elkhLk; njhopy; El;gk; %yk; fhR eltbf;iffspy; <Lgl;Ls;sJ. khHf; gpfd;]; vDk; CGAP Muha;r;rpahsH $wpajhfTk; “,yf;F itf;Fk; thbf;ifahsHfSf;F Nritnahd;W fpilg;gJ WIZZIT Nghd;w ghjPL my;yhj kw;Wk; thbf;ifahsHfis vl;bg; gpbf;f KaYk; epWtdq;fSf;F xU ghhpa rthyhFk;. ,j; jpl;lk; njd; Mgphpf;fh jghy; fhhpahyaj;jpy; gpurpj;jp ngw;w rpy;yiu tpahghuk; elj;Jk; ld;]>; mjhtJ nfhfh Nfhyh Kjy;> nuhl;b> rPdp
tq;fpr;
Nrit
Nghd;w nghUl;fis thq;ff; $ba filAld; ,izAk;.
• ,j; jpl;lj;jpd; Kf;fpa % d;W mk;rq;fs; cgfuzq;fspd; tpw;gidAld; NrHe;J WIZZIT apd; elkhLk; njhiyNgrp tq;fpr; Nritapd; Nkilia cgNahfpf;fpd;wJ kjHnty; efuj;jpy; 500 rpW Kaw;rpahsiuf; nfhz;l nkhj;j tpahghhpfSf;F xU elkhLk; tq;fpr; Nrit cs;sJ. mq;F Ie;J ngaHfspy; %d;W ngaUf;F tq;fpf; fzf;F fpilahJ.
• tq;fpf; fzf;F Muk;gpg;gJ kw;Wk; tpiyfs; epakpg;gjw;F xU Kd;Ndhbj; jpl;lj;ij njd; Mgphpf;fhtpy; cs;s gpujhd Glit tpahghhpahd ld;]; epWtdk;
Ez; epjp epWtdq;fSf;F ,g;gpue;jpaj;jpN y xU ey;y vLj;Jf; fhl;lhfj; jpfo;fpd;wJ. MFIs, jw;NghJ NghJkhd epjp ,y;yhikahy;> kl;lf;fsg;gpy; mjpf fld; Njitfs; ,Ug;gpDk; mtw;iwg; G+Hj;jpnra;a Kbahky; cs;sdH.
efuj;jpw;F
mg;ghy;
Muk;gpf;fTs;sJ. ,j; jpl;lk; ntw;wp ngw;why; ehl;by; cs;s RkhH 289 filfsf;Fr; nray;gLj;jyhk;. ,j;jpl;lj;ij Kd;ndLj;Jr; nry;y fhirtpl fld; ml;ilfisr; cgNahfpf;Fk; thbf;ifahsHfSf;F Cf;Ftpg;G nfhLg;gdT toq;fg;gLk;. NkYk; njhpe;J nfhs;s
http://www.cgap.org/p/site/ c/template.rc/1.26.10531
cld; njhlHG nfhs;sTk;
jpU ldpnay; Nltpl; Njtuh[hTk; jpUkjp nungf;fh nfhd;];ld;ild; YMCA kl;lf;fsg;G
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Sri Lanka Microfinance Forum
Ez; epjpapd; El;gq;fs; ICT apd; Gjpa fz;Lgpbg;Gk; Ez; epjpAk;
epNuh\hdp rtdkL ICT Ez; epjp MNyhrfH “jfty; njhopy; El;gk;
twpa kf;fspd; tPl;L thrYf;Ff; nfhz;LtuNtz;ba ghij” NguhrphpaH nkhfkl; A+D];
Ez; epjpj; Jiwapd; Ntf tsHr;rpAld; jfty; njhlHghly; njhopy; Ew;gq;fspd; mtrpaj;ij milahsq; fz;L mjd; %yk; nray;ghl;Lr; nryTfisf; Fiwj;J Ez; epjp epWtdq;fis tphpthf;fTk; nray;gl;Ls;sJ ICT apd; jiyaPL Ez; epjp epWtdq;fSf;F
• fld; gw;wpa jPHkhdq;fis mwptpf;Fk;
• nray;ghLfspd; • • • •
fld; cj;jpNahfj;jHfs; rpWjhs;fspy; my;yJ jhs;fs; ,y;yhkNy Ntiy nra;fpd;wdH
nryitf; Fiwf;Fk; mwpf;fifis xOq;FgLj;Jk; itg;Gfis mjpfhpf;fr; nra;Ak; thbf;ifahsHfspd; trjpfis tpUj;jp nra;Ak; Gjpa thbf;ifahsHfis ehbr; nry;Yk;
fle;j tUlq;fspy; ,e;jpah> gq;fshNjrk;> cfhz;lh> ,e;NjhNdrpah> gpypg;igd; kw;Wk; fk;Nghbah Nghd;w ehLfs; ICT apd; mjpfhuj;ij cgNahfpj;J MFIs twpa kf;fSf;F Mw;Wk; Nritfis tphptilar; nra;J kPs; nrYj;Jk; jtizf; fl;lzq;fisAk; thbf;ifahsUf;fhd nghUl;fisAk; jpwk;glr;; nra;Js;sd. fpuhkpd; tq;fpapd; ];jhgfUk; Ez; epjpf;fhd nehngy; ghpirg; ngw;w tUkhd NguhrphpaH nkhfkl; AD}]; $wpajhtJ “ jfty; njhopy; El;gk; twpa kf;fspd; thrYf;Ff; nfhz;L tuNtz;ba ghijahFk;. twpatHfs; mjd; NjHr;rpj; jpwidf; fpufpj;J ,j; njhopy; El;gj;ijj; jkJ eyDf;F cgNahfpg;gjw;F xH re;jHg;gj;ij mspf;f Ntz;Lk;”. mwptpay; epiyak; kw;Wk; If;fpa ehl;Lr; rigapd; KftHfs; kl;lj;jpy; njhopy; El;gk; ve;j mstpy; tWikia xopf;f cjTk; vd;gij njhpe;j nfhs;s Kaw;rpfs; vLf;fg;gl;ld. ,d;W cyfk; njhopy; El;gj;jpd;
ifalf;fj; njhiyNgrpfs;@ ve;Neuj;jpYk; vt;tplj;jpYk; SMS ir cgNahfpg;gJ
Njitia ,j;Jiwf;F Ntz;Lk; vd;gij mwpe;Js;sJ. jfty; Kfhikj;Jt Kiwikfs;> ifalf;f cgfuzq;fs;. rhjhuz mjpf tpiyaw;w njhopy; El;g cgfuzq;fs; kw;Wk; thndhr; Nritfspd; %yk; Ez; epjp epWtdq;fis tphpTgLj;j Kaw;rpfs; vLf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. cynfq;Fk; Ez; epjpj; Jiwapy; ghtidapy; cs;s njhopy; El;g cgfuzq;fs; gpd;tkhW jug;gl;Ls;sd.
• (ATMs) jd;dpaf;F ,ae;jpuq;fs; my;yJ POS cgfuzq;fs;
• IVR njhopy; El;gk; • kpd;dQ;ry;
rhHe;j Nritfs; (PDA)
• Kfhikj;Jt
tq;fpr;
jfty;
Ki-
,e; epiyapy;> ,yq;ifapd; Ez; epjp epWtdq;fs; vq;F epw;fpd;wd? NtW ehLfspy; cs;s MFIs fis xg;gPl;L ghHj;jhy; ,yq;if MFIs ICT Kaw;rpfis cgNahfpg;gjpy; gpd; jq;fpAs;sd. rpy MFIs MIS ir mtHfsJ fzf;F tof;FfSf;Fk; epYitapy; cs;s fld; njhif (PAR) Nghd;wtw;wpf;F cgNahfpj;jhYk; ICT ATM POS, PDA ];khHl; ml;il Nghd;wtw;iw ,yq;if MFIs ,lk; fhz;gJ mhpJ. ,it nghJ kf;fspd; ftdj;ij <f;ftpy;iy. chpa jfty; njhopy; El;gj;ij cgNahfpg;gjdhy; Ez; epjp epWtdq;fspsd; nray;ghLfs; tphptilAk; vd ehk; fUJfpd;Nwhk;. epNuh\hdp rtdkL ICT/ Ez; epjp MNyhrfH
wik (MIS)
• fld; Gs;sp (credit scoring) • ];khHl; ml;ilfs; • caphpay; njhopy; El;gk;
Ez; epjpj; jfty; ghpkhw;wk; (MIX) (www.themix.org) MIX; epjpj; Jiwf;F ghhpa njhopy; rhH jfty;fisAk; juTr;NritfisAk; mopf;Fk; gpujhd epWtdkhFk;. MFIs jkJ tUlhe;j epjp kw;Wk; epWtdk; rk;ge;jkhd jfty;fis MIX epWtdj;jpw;F mDg;gp mjd; juTepuypy; gq;fhspahfyhk;. MFIs jkJ
xop kiwtpd;ikia ntspg;gLj;jp mjw;fhf mHg;gzpj;J> jk;ik NtW MFIs xg;gpl;L ed;nfhil toq;FgtUld; njhlHG nfhs;syhk;. KOikahf fye;Jnfhs;Sk; MFIs, cyf Ez; epjp epWtdq;fspd; rpwg;G gl;baypy; ,lk; ngw;W xt;nthUtUf;Fk; chpa
nraw;ghl;L mwpf;iffis ,ytrkhfg; ngw;Wf;nfhs;syhk;.
kpd;dQ;riy LIZ Larson, Asia Regional Manger: elarson@themix.org
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Volume 1, June 2009
rpwe;j eilKiwfs; Kfhikj;Jt
jfty;
MIS fdzpia tpl jfty;fisf; nfhz;Ls;sJ “mJ epwtdnkd;iwr; nray; gLj;Jk; nfhs;iffs; eilKiwfs; kw;Wk; mjd; cj;jpNahfj;jHfs; jfty;> nkd; nghUs;> td; nghUs; Nghd;wtw;Wld; nray;gLk; tpjj;ijAk; mlf;fpAs;sJ” Kfhikj;Jtk; MIS d; juj;ij tpUj;jp nra;Ak; xU gpujhd mq;fkhFk;. MISd; tpUj;jp tq;fp nkd;nghUs;> nray;gLk; Kf;fpa jfty; eilKiwfs;> jfty; njhopy; El;gk; kw;Wk; (IT) cj;jpNahfj;jUf;fhd gapw;rpf;F KjyPL kw;Wk; epWtdj;jpd; mwpf;ifapLk; xOq;fikg;ig kPs; ];jhgpj;jy; Nghd;wtw;iw mKy; gLj;Jk;. MISia tpUj;jp nra;Ak; NghJ gpd;tUk; gpujhd %yg; nghUl;fisf; fUj;jpy; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. XH ey;y Kfhikj;Jtk; rpe;jpf;Fk; Mw;wy; eil Kiwfis kjpg;gPL nra;jy; jpl;l Kfhikj;Jtk; ve;jnthU jpl;lj;jpd; Kfhikj;JtKk; gy rthy;fis vjpH Nehf;Ffpd;wJ. Mdhy; njhopy; El;gj; jpl;lq;fs; mjpf vjpHghHigj; jUtjhy; gy gpur;rpidfisf; nfhz;Ls;sd. gq;fhspfs; ,k; KiwfshYk; fhyf;NfLfyhYk; ghjpg;gpw;F
Kiwik
(MIS)
cs;shfpd;wdH. IT Kaw;rpfs; vjpH Nehf;Fk; rpy rthy;fs; jdpj;Jtkhdit. njhopy; El;gk; vg;nghOJk; rfy Neha;fisAk; Fzkhf;F kUe;jhff; fUjg;gLfpd;wJ. Mdhy; njhopy; El;gk; vjpHghHg;Gf;fisg; G+Hj;jp nra;a Kbahj jUzq;fspy; eyk; rhHe;j gpur;rpidfis Vw;gLj;Jfpd;wJ. MFIs w;F jpl;l Kfhikj;Jtk; kw;Wk; Muha;r;rp rk;ge;jkhd mDgtk; FiwT. xU Ez; epjp epWtdj;jpy; vy;yh epGzj;Jtq;fisf; nfhz;l cj;jpNahfj;jHfs; ,Ug;gJ mhpJ. nray;fisj; ifahSk; rpe;jid
jpwdhff;
Gjpa jfty; Kiwikia milahsq;fhZk; NghJ MFI nghJthd mwpf;ifapLtijj; jtu jpwdhd eilKiwfiff; ifahStijf; fUj;jpy; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. MFI thbf;ifahsHfspd; Njitfisg; gw;wp re;jpj;J jkJ njhopy; ,yf;Ffis jk;kplk; ,Uf;Fk; njhopy; El;gj;jpw;Nfw;g nray;gLj;j Ntz;Lk;. ,jw;Fj; jahH nra;a njhopy; El;gj;ij cgNahfpg;gjhy; Vw;gLk; tha;g;Gf;fis kw;Wk; rthy;fisg; gw;wpa kjpg;gPilr; nra;aNtz;Lk;. MFI “ehk; vg;gbr; nra;a Ntz;Lk;” vd;gij tpLj;J “ehk; vij mila Ntz;Lk;” (cjhuzkhf fpisfsw;w tq;fpKiw vDk;
caHj;jpj;
jpl;lkplyh?
Nehf;fj;ijf; nfhz;bUf;f Ntz;Lk;) vd;gij (];khHl; ml;il> njhlHGfs;) fpilf;Fk; njhopy; El;gk; kw;Wk; jk;kplk; ,Uf;Fk; tsq;fis Njitf;Nfw;wgb Kd;Dhpik nfhLj;J nray;gLj;JtJ gw;wp rpe;jpf;f Ntz;Lk;. eilKiw kjpg;gPL eilKiw kjpg;gPL vd;gJ MFI nray;ghLfspy; (cl;Gw fzf;Fg; ghpNrhjid) Gjpa nray;jpwd;fis cgNahjpg;gJ jFjpaw;w gioa eilKiwfisr; rPH jpUj;j xU re;jHg;gj;ijj; jUk;. ,r; nray; Kiw Gjpa njhopy; El;gj;jpw;Nfw;wgb kjpg;gPL nra;J chpa Kiwapy; jpwk;gl nray;gLj;j Ntz;Lk;. njhopy; El;gj;jpd; ghhpa kjpg;G vd;d ntd;why; njhopy; eilKiwfisg; ghPl;r;rpj;J khw;wk; nra;J thbf;ifahsUf;fhd Nritfisr; rPHjpUj;JtjhFk;. (njhopy; El;gk; njhopy; nray; Kiwfisf; nfhz;L elj;Jtijj; jtpHf;f Ntz;Lk;). ,k;uhd; egPH Ez; epjp MNyhrfH
Ez; epjpg; nghUspd; tpiyia epHzapf;Fk; fUtp CGAP ,r; nray;ghl;il eilKiwg;gLj;jp fsg; ghpNrhjid elj;jp MFI KfhikahsUf;Ff; xt;nthU jdpg;nghUspdJk; epWtd kw;Wk; epHthf nryTfis epHzapf;Fk; tpjj;ij njspthf tpsf;fpAs;sd. nghUspd; tpiyia epHzapj;jgpd; ,f; fUtp ,r; nryTfs; vg;gb
Vw;g;gl;Ls;sJ vd;Wk; ,g; nghUs; KO epjpfisAk; rkhspf;f gq;fspg;G nra;fpd;wJ vd;gijf; fhl;Lfpd;wJ. nray; Kiwiar; rhHe;j tpiy kjpg;G ,f; fUtpapd; %yk; jdpg;gl;l Ez; epjpr; nray;ghl;bd; nryTfisf; fz;L gpbf;fpd;wJ. ,f; fUtp njhopiy tpUj;jpar; nra;Ak;
re;jHg;gq;fis lahsq;fhl;Lfpd;wJ.
mi-
Http: www.cgap.og/p/site/c/ template.rc/1.9.3005
,izaj;jsk; %yk; epjpj; jpul;ly;: MFI njhpe;J nfhs;s Ntz;bait. ,izaj;jsk; %ykhd KjyPL tsHr;rp ngWk; Ntis> GCAP XH NeH fz;Nzhl;lf; Fwpg;gpy; “Ez; epjp KfhikahsHfs; ,izaj; jsk; %yk; epjp nrYj;jiy tpUk;Gfpd;wdH: ,J epjp> re;ijg; gLj;jy;
my;yJ Kw;whf NtW vJkh” vd;W Fwpg;gpl;Ls;sJ.
tplaq;fisj; Fwpg;gpl;Ls;sJ.
njspthff;
,g;gj;jphpif Ez; epjp epWtdq;fSf;F ,izaj;jsk; %yk; fld; ngWjiyg; gw;wp epidtpy; epw;ff; $b
Http: www.cgap.og/p/site/c/ template.rc/1.26.5301
www.cgap.org www.themix.org
www.seepnetwork.org www.edacapitalconnect.com
gpuNahrdkh njhlHGfs; www.lankamicrofinance.com www.microfinance.lk
,k;uhd; egPH Ez; epjp MNyhrfH “Ez; epjp epWtdk;
gadhspfspd; Nfs;tpiaAk;>njhopy;El;g GjikfisAk; fUj;jpw; nfhz;L kpfj; njspthf mjd; tpahghu ,yf;if epHzapj;jy; Ntz;Lk;“
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Sri Lanka Microfinance Forum
rpq;fs> jkpo;nkhop ngaHg;Gf;fis Sri Lanka Microfinance Forum, rpd; rpq;fs jkpo; nkhopngaHg;Gf;fis Ez; epjpj;Jiwapy; cs;s GTZ PROMIS vd;Dk; epWtdk; toq;Ffpd;wJ
ePq;fSk; fye;J nfhs;syhk;. cq;fs; fUj;Jf;fs;> nra;jpfs;> fl;Liufs;> kw;Wk; mtpg;gpuhaq;fis toq;f microfinance.forum@gmail.com
cld; njhlHg;G nfhs;sTk;.
tpsk;gukh?
Sri Lanka Microfinance Forum ,dJ rHtNjrj; juj;jpd; njhlH ,yf;fk; ISSN 2012-5666
microfinance.forum@gmail.com
microfinance.forum@gmail.com
cld; njhlHG nfhs;sTk;
Ngl;b njhlUk; ……………. ,yq;if Ez; epjpf;FO MNyhridf;FO cWg;gpdHfSf;F ed;wpfisj; njhptpj;Jf; nfhs;fpd;wJ.
re;Jy mgatpf;fpuk rhpj;j uj;tj;ij lhf;lH lf;kh Yk; Lyhd; brpy;th epky; khbd]; ePdh ehaH Nuh]; FNu rfpy tp[atHj;jd MNyhridf;FO Sri Lanka Microfinance Forum
rpy; mlq;fpAs;s tplaq;fSf;F nghWg;ghsp my;y. jkJ tpkHrzq;fs; kw;Wk; mwpTiufis MrphpaHfSf;Fj; njhptpg;gNj mjd; gzpahFk;.
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