9789174346398 by Smakprov Media AB

På svenska! 1 · Studiebok

Ulla Göransson · Mai Parada

På svenska!

Studiebok · Svenska som främmande språk · A1 & A2

Engelska Engelsk a

På svenska! 1 är ett läromedel i svenska som främ mande språk. Det vänder sig till studerande som snabbt vill uppnå sådana färdigheter i språket att man kan delta i ett vardagssamtal. Läromedlet täcker nivå A1 och A2 enligt Europarådets nivåskala (CEFR). Genom korta vardagsnära dialoger och inlärning av hela fraser ger På svenska! 1 en praktisk genväg till baskunskaper i svenska språket. Grammatiken vävs in på ett naturligt sätt.

På svenska! 1 består av • lärobok med cd • övningsbok med facit • studiebok

Läroboken omfattar 12 avsnitt som vardera inne håller korta dialoger och andra texter, användbara fraser, övningar till texterna och hörövningar. De flesta avsnitt har dessutom flera bildsidor som stödjer ordinlärningen. Genom hela boken finns rik ligt med kommunikativa övningar. Övningsboken innehåller skriftliga och muntliga övningar som främst utvecklar och befäster ord förrådet och tränar grammatiken. Studieboken, som finns på flera språk, presenterar svenskt uttal och svensk grammatik samt ordför rådet i en alfabetisk ordlista. På svenska! 1 är lämplig att använda såväl i klass rumsundervisning som vid självstudier.

ISBN 978-91-7434-639-8

9 789174 346398

Ulla Göransson • Mai Parada

På svenska! 1 Studiebok • Engelska

Folkuniversitetets förlag

Folkuniversitetets förlag Magle Lilla Kyrkogata 4 SE-223 51 Lund Sweden Tel. +46 46 14 87 20 Fax +46 46 13 29 04 E-mail: info@folkuniversitetetsforlag.se www.folkuniversitetetsforlag.se

Uttalsavsnittet (s. 8–22) är författat av Bo Thorén. Översättning till engelska samt fonetisk transkription av ordlista: Paul Leonard Tillägg till tredje upplagan är översatta av Evelina Larsson.

Omslag: John Wasden Omslagsillustration: Daniel Perry Tredje upplagan © 1997 Ulla Göransson, Mai Parada och Folkuniversitetets förlag ISBN 978-91-7434-639-8 Kopieringsförbud Detta verk är skyddat av upphovsrättslagen. Kopiering, utöver lärares rätt att kopiera för undervisningsbruk enligt BONUS-Presskopias avtal, är förbjuden. Sådant avtal tecknas mellan upphovsrättsorganisationer och huvudman för utbildningsanordnare t.ex. kommuner/ universitet. För information om avtalet hänvisas till utbildningsanordnarens huvudman eller BONUS-Presskopia. Den som bryter mot lagen om upphovsrätt kan åtalas av allmän åklagare och dömas till böter eller fängelse i upp till två år samt bli skyldig att erlägga ersättning till upphovsman/rättsinnehavare. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of Folkuniversitetets förlag. Tryckt hos Fälth & Hässler AB, Värnamo, 2010

For users of PÅ SVENSKA! 1 PÅ SVENSKA! 1 consists of a Textbook with CD (MP3), a Study Book and an Exer-cise Book. The Textbook (Lärobok) includes dialogues, pages with pictures, phrase pages organized around different themes, short exercises from the texts and listening comprehension exercises. The CD with MP3 files that comes with the Textbook includes recordings of • texts (dialogues, phrases and listening comprehension exercises) from the Textbook • parts of the section on pronunciation in the Study Book (Uttal), including the texts with phonetic notations The Study Book (Studiebok) is available in several languages and contains the following three parts: • Pronunciation (uttal) including the basics of Swedish pronunciation and also texts with phonetic notations • Grammar (grammatik) with a presentation of those parts of the grammar that are included in the Textbook • Vocabulary (ordlista) in alphabetic order, followed by a separate Phrase list. How to work with each chapter 1. You should first get acquainted with the new vocabulary in the chapter by working with the text or the picture page – if there is any. If you are studying on your own, look up the new words and expressions in the vocabulary. 2. Listen to the text on the CD and make sure you understand all the words. Listen again, this time concentrating on the pronunciation. Listen again and repeat. For extra help, listen to the texts with phonetic notations in the Study Book (the Pronunciation section). If you are studying on your own, record yourself and compare. 3. Look up the grammar in the Study Book (the Grammar section) and study it. Then do the exercises and check your answers in the Key. 4. Retell the text aloud to yourself or to your fellow students. Make up questions from the text and answer them orally. Make your own version of the text, for instance by exchanging the names, and tell the new version. 5. Listen to the “Phrase page” on the CD and check in the Study Book (the Phrase list) if you have understood the expressions correctly. Listen again and say after. Listen carefully to the intonation! Continue with the other expressions in the Phrase list. If you study together in a group, you can work two and two with the dialogues

on the phrase pages, exchanging the names of the persons, the places etc. Play different roles. If you work on your own, read the phrases and record them. Then listen to them again comparing them to the phrases on the CD. 6. Finally, listen to the listening comprehension text at the end of each chapter and do the exercise. Check your answers in the Key at the back of the Exercise Book. Listen once again, especially to those parts that you had not understood correctly before. Go over the earlier chapters again, read the texts and listen to the CD. Make sure you have remembered everything before you go on. Use the Study Book and the CD frequently. Work for short periods only and repeat often – this usually gives better results than working for long hours without any breaks. Good luck with your studies! The authors

KEY TO THE SIGNS USED In the Textbook (lärobok): indicates that the text is available on the CD In the Study Book (studiebok), Vocabulary section: (f) the word or phrase is used in formal speech (g) the word or phrase is archaic and not used in normal speech (pl) the word has no singular form or occurs usually in the plural (v) the word or phrase is colloquial.

Contents Pronunciation 7

Stress and length 8 Letters and sounds 10 Consonants 10 Vowels 11 Sound changes 13 R + dental consonant 14 Voicing assimilation 14 Spoken language forms 15 Flow factors 16 Syllabic harmony 16 Loss of sounds at word boundaries 16 Nasal assimilation 18 Tonal word accents 18 Literature on Swedish pronunciation 19 Explanations of the IPA-symbols 20 Texts with phonetic notations 23

Grammar 33

A few important grammatical terms 34 Verbs 35 Verbs 35 Tenses 38 Auxiliary and main verbs 40 Short answers 41 Reciprocal verbs 42 The imperative 43 Word order 44 Word order in main clauses 44 Word order in subordinate clauses 45 Subordinators 45 Sentence adverbs 46 Numerals 46 Cardinal numbers 46 Ordinal numbers 47 Nouns 48 The forms of the noun 48 Gender 49 The indefinite and definite forms 50 The indefinite form without an article 52 The genitive 53 Adjectives 53

Comparison of adjectives 54 Comparison of adverbs 56 Pronouns 57 Personal pronouns 57 Reflexive pronouns 57 Possessive pronouns 58 Reflexive possessive pronoun 59 Relative pronouns 59 Agreement 60 Adverbs of Place 60

Vocabulary 61

Vocabulary to chapter 1 62 Vocabulary in alphabetic order 68 Phrase list 98 Phrases for greeting 98 Telephoning phrases 99 Time expressions 101 Parting phrases 99 Phrases for asking for directions 102 Phrases to use when you don’t hear or understand 102 Café, pub and restaurant phrases 103 Phrases for train travel etc. 104 Phrases in the shop, at the kiosk, at the market place ... 106 Phrases for talking about weather 107 Phrases used when staying at a hotel 108 Phrases for letter writing 109 Phrases for asking for help 109 Phrases for discussing 110 Phrases for shopping 111 Phrases to use when you are ill 112 Phrases for chatting 113 Phrases for congratulations and compliments 114 Phrases used before, at and after a party 115

Några fakta om Sverige 117

Pronunciation Uttal

Pronunciation This is a very short phonetic description of Swedish. It concentrates mainly on those phonetic features of the language that are most important for a good pronunciation that will make you understood. By tradition, most attention has been given to the great number of vowel sounds* in the Swedish language, a curious sch-sound [] and our tonic word accents: accent 1 and 2 (acute and grave). These special features must be taken into account if your goal is to achieve a perfect pronunciation of Swedish, but they are not crucial for making yourself understood. That is why we start by introducing those features that we, supported both by research and experience, consider to be the most important ones.

Stress and length It is of great importance that the right syllable in words and clauses is stressed. The stress pattern is also crucial for how vowels and consonants should be pronounced, since it affects both their quality and quantity (length). Examples of different word stress patterns:

banan – banan [ ̀bɑːnan − ba ́nɑːn] the track – banana

Japan – japan [ ́jɑːpan – ja ́pɑːn]

racket – raket [ ́rakːɛt − ra ́keːt]

kaffe – kafé [ ̀kafːɛ – ka ́fɛː]

Japan – Japanese

racket – rocket

coffee – café

planet – planet [ ́plɑːnɛt − pla ́neːt]

kallas – kalas [ ̀kalːas – ka ́lɑːs]

the plane – planet

is called – party

These examples are so-called minimal pairs, where the meaning of the word changes depending on which syllable is stressed. However, stress is just as important also when a change in stress does not give another meaning. An incorrect or indistinct stress pattern can simply make the speech impossible to understand. The rule for the lengthening of stressed syllables is this: In a stressed syllable either the vowel sound or the following consonant sound is lengthened. This is called complementary length. If the vowel in the stressed syllable is followed (in writing) by a doubled consonant or by two different consonants, then the vowel sound is usually short and the following consonant sound is long. Look at and listen to the stress pattern and the length in the following examples:

* Foot note: In Swedish there are 9 vowel phonemes with some difference also in quality between the long and short vowel sounds. In most regional variants of Swedish there are two additional allophones, [æ] and [œ], affected by a following -r-. Short e and ä can be seen as identical. This gives a total of 21 different vowels. However, with a good prosody, one can not only make oneself well understood, but sound almost perfect using a reduced number of vowel sounds.

kal [kɑːl]

kall [kalː] cold

salt

bassäng [ba ́sɛŋː]

fonetik [fɔnɛ ́tɪːk]

fonetisk [fɔ ́neːtɪsk]

bare

pool

salt [salːt]

phonetics

phonetic

elektricitet [ɛlɛktrɪsɪ ́teːt] elektrisk [ɛ ́lɛkːtrɪsk] electricity

electric

Please note, that the doubled -s- in bassäng follows an unstressed vowel and therefore is short. Compound words and some derivatives often have two stressed syllables. The first of these is considered to be the main stress [ ]̀ and the other one the secondary stress [ˌ]. Look at and listen to the examples below and also note how the stress is polarized to the beginning and the end in long compound words:

car parts

spare parts for cars

company

old age

bildelar [ ̀biːlˌdeːlar]

reservdelar [rɛ ̀særːvˌdeːlar]

spare parts

bilreservdelar [ ̀biːlrɛsærvˌdeːlar] företag [ ̀fœːrɛˌtɑːɡ]

ogift [ ̀uːˌjɪfːt]

unmarried, single

skönhet [ s̜̀ ønˌheːt]

beauty

ålderdom [ ̀ɔlːdɛˌɖumː]

badrumsskåp [ ̀bɑːdrɵmˌskoːp]

bathroom cabinet

Words that are not stressed in a clause or a sentence lose most of the length and tone connected with the stress. Look at/Listen to the examples:

Jag kan spela. [jɑkan ̀speːla]

I can play.

Jag vet inte. [jɑ ́veːtɪntɛ]

I don’t know.

Jag kan spela tennis. [jɑkanspela ́tɛnːɪs]

I can play tennis.

Jag kan inte. [jɑ ́kanːɪntɛ]

I can’t.

Autosemantic words like nouns, adjectives, main verbs, numerals and adverbs of time, place and manner, are usually stressed in a context, while grammatical words like conjunctions, prepositions and pronouns usually are not. For detailed rules concerning word stress patterns, including stress in affixes and stress and tone in clauses, see Kjellin: Svensk prosodi i praktiken. 9

Texts with phonetic notations You can listen to the following texts on the CD, section Uttal (sidan 8 etc.). Listen carefully and say after! The texts include the following phonetic notations: a long vowel or consonant in a stressed syllable is underlined. A letter that is not pronounced is crossed over. (s. = page in the Textbook)

s. 8

– Vad heter du? – Daniel. Och du? – Åsa. – Var är du ifrån? – Från Sverige. Och du? – Talar du svenska? – Ja, lite. Vad talar du? – Vad talar du för språk? s. 9

– Jag heter Daniel.Vad heter du? – Jag är från Sverige. Var är du ifrån? – Jag talar svenska och engelska. Vad talar du? – Är du från England eller Holland? – Jag är från England, men jag bor i Sverige. – Varför är du i Sverige? – Jag arbetar. / – Jag studerar. – Jag bor i Lund. Var bor du?

Grammar Grammatik

A few important grammatical terms adjektiv adverb bestämd form bisats genitiv genus hjälpverb huvudsats imperativ infinitiv komparation komparativ konjunktion neutrum obestämd form objekt ordföljd perfekt personliga pronomen plural pluskvamperfekt positiv possessiva pronomen preposition presens preteritum/imperfekt pronomen reflexiva pronomen relativa pronomen satsadverb singular superlativ subjekt substantiv supinum utrum verb

adjective adverb definite form subordinate clause genitive gender auxiliary verb main clause imperative infinitive comparison comparative conjunction neuter gender indefinite form object word order perfect tense personal pronouns plural pluperfect basic form (of adjective) possessive pronouns preposition present tense past tense pronoun reflexive pronouns relative pronouns sentence adverb singular superlative subject noun supine common (non-neuter) gender verb

This section presents the basics of Swedish grammar included in the Textbook. The paragraphs (§) in the Textbook refer to the corresponding paragraphs in this Grammar section. § 1a Verbs

Group 1

Imperative/Stem Infinitive tala tala

Present talar

Past tense talade

Supine talat

(speak)

2A 2B 2C

ring läs kör

ringa läsa köra

ringer läser kör

ringde läste körde

ringt läst kört

(ring) (read) (drive)

bor

bodde

bott

(live)

skriv drick flyg sjung

skriva dricka flyga sjunga

skriver dricker flyger sjunger

skrev drack flög sjöng

skrivit druckit flugit sjungit

(write) (drink) (fly) (sing)

vet

veta

vet

visste

vetat

(know)

Irreg.

Group 1 The stem ends in the vowel -a, i.e. all the forms of the verbs in this group include an -a-: tala, tala, talar, talade, talat. 2A The stem ends in a voiced consonant, like -ng, -n, -g, -m, -l, -v etc. 2B The stem ends in one of the following voiceless consonants: -k, -p, -s, -t or -x (tycka, köpa, läsa, byta, växa). These verbs add -te to the stem in the past tense. 2C The stem ends in -r, as in kör. Note that these verbs have no ending in the present tense. 3

One-syllable verbs with a stem ending in a vowel other than -a: bo, klä

The stem vowel changes in the past and supine (except the verbs komma and sova). Many of these verbs have the same vowel changes as the examples above: (i-e-i, i-a-u or u/y-ö-u). i + one consonant have the same vowel changes as skriva i + two consonants have the same vowel changes as dricka These verbs have no ending in the past tense, and add -it to the stem in the supine.

Irregular verbs. See the verb list below. Note! Swedish verbs use the same form for all persons in the singular and in the plural: Jag/du/han/vi/ni/de springer, sprang, har sprungit. The infinitive is the form used as the headword in most dictionaries. Here is a list of common verbs from group 2 and 4, as well as some irregular verbs. The verbs from group 2 included in the list differ in their forms from the regular group 2 verbs. Those verbs are marked with an asterisk (*). Infinitive be bita bjuda bli brinna bära böra* dricka dö falla fara finna finnas flyga få försvinna ge glädja* gråta gå göra* ha* heta hinna hålla 36

Present ber biter bjuder blir brinner bär bör dricker dör faller far finner finns flyger får försvinner ger gläd(j)er gråter går gör har heter hinner håller

Past bad bet bjöd blev brann bar borde drack dog föll for fann fanns flög fick försvann gav gladde grät gick gjorde hade hette hann höll

Supine bett bitit bjudit blivit brunnit burit bort druckit dött fallit farit funnit funnits flugit fått försvunnit gett/givit glatt gråtit gått gjort haft hetat hunnit hållit

(ask, beg) (bite) (invite) (become) (burn) (carry) (ought to) (drink) (die) (fall) (go) (find) (be) (fly) (receive; may) (disappear) (give) (please, make happy) (weep) (walk) (do, make) (have) (be called) (have time, manage) (hold)

komma kommer kunna kan le ler ligga ligger ljuga ljuger låta låter lägga* lägger vara tvungen måste nysa* nyser rida rider rinna rinner se ser sitta sitter sjunga sjunger – ska(ll) skilja* skiljer skina skiner skriva skriver skära skär slippa slipper slå slår snyta snyter sova sover springa springer sticka sticker stiga stiger stjäla stjäl stå står svida svider svälja* sväljer säga* säger sälja* säljer sätta* sätter ta tar vara är veta vet vilja vill vinna vinner

kom kommit kunde kunnat log lett låg legat ljög ljugit lät låtit la(de) lagt var tvungen/måste måst nös/nyste nysit/nyst red ridit rann runnit såg sett satt suttit sjöng sjungit skulle skolat skilde skilt sken skinit skrev skrivit skar skurit slapp sluppit slog slagit snöt snutit sov sovit sprang sprungit stack stuckit steg stigit stal stulit stod stått sved svidit svalde svalt sa(de) sagt sålde sålt satte satt tog tagit var varit visste vetat ville velat vann vunnit

(come) (be able to) (smile) (lie down; be situated) (lie) (let) (lay, put) (must) (sneeze) (ride a horse) (run, flow) (see) (sit) (sing) (shall, will) (separate) (shine) (write) (cut) (not need to) (hit, beat) (blow one’s nose) (sleep) (run) (buzz off) (rise) (steal) (stand) (burn, sting) (swallow) (say) (sell) (put) (take) (be) (know) (want) (win)

välja* vänja* växa* äta

väljer vänjer växer äter

valde vande växte åt

valt vant växt/vuxit ätit

(choose) (accustom) (grow) (eat)

§ 1b Tenses The tenses in Swedish form two time levels, the “now-level” and the “thenlevel”. Now-level

Before NOW

NOW

perfect present Then-level

Before THEN

THEN

pluperfect past

After NOW

present ska + infinitive tänker + infinitive kommer att + infinitive After THEN

skulle + infinitive tänkte + infinitive

The Now-level Present (stem + -r)

Han pratar med henne nu. (nu) Han pratar mycket. (ingen speciell tid) Han pratar med henne i morgon. (framtid)

He’s talking with her now. (now) He talks a lot. (no special time) He will talk to her tomorrow. (future)

Perfect (har + supine) The perfect is used a. when something has happened before now, but without any specified time.

Han har bott i Indien. De har redan pratat med henne.

He has lived in India. They have already spoken to her.

b. together with a time marker belonging to the now-level.

Han har skrivit brev idag. Jag har varit sjuk hela/den här veckan. Hon har inte haft semester i år.

He has written letters today. I’ve been ill the whole week/this week. She hasn’t had any vacation this year.

c. about the future in a situation when you speak about two or more things you plan to do.

När jag har ätit ska jag ringa till henne och be om ursäkt. Han tänker studera på universitetet när han har slutat gymnasieskolan.

After I have eaten I will call her and apologize. He’s going to study at the university after he has finished secondary school.

Future The future can be expressed in several ways. There is no special verb form that expresses it.

Han talar med henne i morgon.

Han ska tala med henne (i morgon).

(ska + infinitive = plans to)

He will speak to her (tomorrow).

Han tänker tala med henne (i morgon).

(tänker + infinitive = plans to)

He’s going to/intends to speak to her (tomorrow).

Han kommer att vara trött (i morgon). He will be tired (tomorrow).

Det kommer säkert att regna hela dagen.

(present tense + time marker)

He will speak to her tomorrow.

(kommer att + infinitive = a prognosis or a prediction)

It’s certainly going to rain the whole day.

The present tense, tänker and ska + the infinitive often express that someone has decided or planned to do something, that he/she is able to control or influence. Kommer att + the infinitive expresses a prognosis or a prediction, i.e. something you normally cannot control or influence.

The then-level Past tense (stem + -de with the variant forms -te, -dde and no ending). The past tense is used about something that happened at a certain time before now.

Hon skrev brev i går. Han bodde i Indien 1989. Vi pratade med henne förra veckan.

She wrote letters yesterday. He lived in India in 1989. We spoke with her last week.

Pluperfect (hade + supine) The pluperfect is used to describe something that had happened before then, i.e. before something else happened, as it is in English. This tense is mostly used together with the past tense when you speak about two or more different actions in the past.

Jag hade precis duschat när hon ringde. Jag hade tänkt åka till Indien, men så gifte jag mig och vi skaffade barn.

I had just taken a shower when she phoned. I had been planning to go to India, but then I married and we had a baby.

Skulle/tänkte + the infinitive Skulle/tänkte + the infinitive are used about something that you had planned to do after then, i.e when something else happened.

Maten var färdig och jag skulle precis börja äta, när telefonen ringde. Jag tänkte åka till stranden i går, men det regnade så jag stannade hemma.

Dinner was ready and I was just going to start eating when the phone rang. I was planning to go to the beach yesterday, but it started to rain so I stayed at home.

§ 1c Auxiliary and main verbs Time can be expressed with simple verb forms (the present and the past) as well as with compound forms (the perfect, the pluperfect, the future and the future in the past). The compound forms of the verb consist of two or three verbs. The perfect is formed with har + the supine, and the pluperfect with hade + the supine. Har and hade are here used as auxiliary verbs and the supine form of the verb is the main verb. 40

Han har bott i Indien. Jag hade precis duschat, när hon ringde.

He has lived in India. I had just taken a shower when she rang.

Other compound verb forms, like the future and the future in the past, are expressed with the auxiliary verbs ska/tänker and skulle/tänkte + the infinitive. Some common auxiliary verbs: böra, bör, borde, bort kunna, kan, kunde, kunnat – , måste, måste, måst – , ska, skulle, skolat vilja, vill, ville, velat

(ought to) (be able to) (must) (shall/will) (want to)

Du bör inte röka så mycket. Kan du simma? De vill inte bada.

You shouldn’t smoke so much. Can you swim? They don’t want to swim.

Examples of other common constructions using two verbs:

Man får inte cykla här. De tänker åka till Spanien. Hon försökte tala svenska. De fortsatte springa fast de var trötta. Vi börjar studera klockan åtta. De slutar arbeta om en stund. Anita brukar städa på fredagarna.

You are not allowed to cycle here. They plan to go to Spain. She tried to speak Swedish. They continued to run, although they were tired. We begin studying at eight o’clock. They’ll stop working in a while. Anita usually cleans on Fridays.

This simple rule can be formulated: If two verbs are used together, then the second one is an infinitive, except after har and hade. § 1d Short answers Short answers are very useful, as they are in English. They can be used as answers to all questions beginning with a verb. If the question begins with the verb vara, ha or with an auxiliary verb, then you answer by repeating this verb following a certain pattern (see examples below). If the verb in the question is a main verb, you always use a form of the verb göra do in the answer, but the pattern remains the same:

Kan du tala svenska?

Ja, det kan jag.

Nej, det kan jag inte.

Can you speak Swedish?

Yes, I can.

No, I can’t.

Vocabulary Ordlista

The figures refer to pages in the Textbook (Lärobok). A few words that can only be found in the Exercise Book (Övningsbok) are marked with an Ö, e.g. Ö12:5 = chapter 12, task 5.

A Abisko [ˊɑːbɪsku] a winter sports resort in the north of Sweden, see map 16 absolut [apsɔˊlʉːt] absolutely 70 adjektiv -et = [ ̀adjɛkˌtiːv] adjective 80 adjö [aˊjøː] goodbye 34 adress -en -er [aˊdrɛsː] address 15 advent [ad ́vɛnːt] Advent; the last four Sundays before Christmas 131 adventsljusstak/e -en -ar [ad ̀vɛnːtsjʉˌstɑːkə] Advent candle stick (with four lights) 131 affisch -en -er [aˊfiʂː] poster 38 affär -en -er [aˊfæːr] shop, store 26 ah [ah] oh, ah! 25 aj [ajː] ouch! 111 aktiv -t -a [ ̀aktiːv] active 121 aktivitet -en -er [aktɪvɪ ́teːt] activity 37 album -et = [ ́alːbɵm] album 39 aldrig [ ̀alːdrɪ/g/, ̀alːrɪ] never 46 Ales stenar [ɑlɛ ̀steːnar] stone ship from the Viking period or earlier 82 alfabet -et = [ ̀alfaˌbeːt] alphabet 12 alla [ ̀alːa] all, everyone 11 alldeles [ ̀alːdələs] completely, totally 75 allemansrätten [ ̀alɛmansˌrɛtːən] rules con cerning people’s rights and obligations while out in the open nature 74 allergireaktion -en -er [allær ̀ɡiːˌreːakˌʂuːn] allergic reaction 135 allra [ ̀alːra] most ... of all, very (+ the superlative) 105 allt [alːt] everything 28 allt fler [alːt ̀fleːr] more and more 82 alltid [ ̀alːtɪ/d/] always 26 allting [ ́alːtɪŋː] everything 101 alltså [ ́alːtsɔ] thus, so 104 Alperna [ ́alːpæɳa] the Alps 79 alternativ -et = [altæɳa ́tiːv] alternative 59 anda/s -s -des -ts [ ̀anːdas] breathe andas in [andas ́inː] inhale 108 andas ut [andas ́ʉːt] exhale 108 andra [ ̀anːdra] second 106 ankar: kasta ankar [kasta ̀aŋːkar] cast anchor 70 annan annat andra [ ̀anːan, ̀anːat, ̀anː/d/ra] other 18 någon annan [nɔn ̀anːan] someone else, somebody else 10

annons -en -er [a ́nɔnːs] advertisement, advert Ö9:2 an/se -ser -såg -sett [ ̀anːˌseː] think, be of the opinion 84 ansikte -t -n [ ̀anːˌsɪkːte] face 110 an/ta -tar -tog -tagit [ ̀anːtɑː] assume, presume, suppose 84 anteckna -r -de -t [ ̀anːˌtɛkna] note, put/write down 26 anteckning -en -ar [ ̀anːˌtɛknɪŋ] note 113 använ/da -der -de -t [ ̀anːˌvɛnːda] use 17 användarnamn -et = [ ̀anːvɛndaˌɳamn] user name 106 apelsin -en -er [apɛl ́siːn] orange 49 apotek-et = [apu ́teːk] drug-store/pharmacy 45 april [ap ́rɪlː] April 11 arbeta -r -de -t [ ̀arːˌbeːta] work 8 arbeta i par [ ̀arːˌbeːta ɪ ́pɑːr] work in pairs 8 arbete-t -n [ ̀arːˌbeːtə] work, job 10 arbetskamrat -en -er [ ̀arːbetskamˌrɑːt] fellow worker, colleague 52 arbetsplats -en -er [ ̀arːbɛtsˌplatːs] work place, office Ö1:7 argument -et = [argʉ ́mɛnːt] argument 94 argumentera -r -de -t [arɡʉmɛn ́teːra] argue 55 arm -en -ar [arːm] arm 110 armbåg/e -en -ar [ ̀arːmˌboːgə] elbow 110 artistisk -t -a [a ́ʈɪsːtɪsk ] artistic 55 arton [ ̀ɑːʈɔn] eighteen 13 assiett -en -er [a ́ʂɛtː] small plate 50 Astrid Lindgrens värld [astrɪd ĺ ɪnːdˌɡreːnsˌvæːɖ] a theater-park in Vimmerby with all the popular figures in Astrid Lindgrens books 82 atjo [ ́atːçu] acho! (a sneeze) 111 att [atː] that 26 att [atː, ɔ] to (+ the infinitive) 22 Àttje samemuseum [ ́atːjə ˌsɑːməmʉ ̀seːɵm] Swedish Mountain and Sami Museum in Jokkmokk 91 augusti [a/ɵ/ ́gɵsːtɪ] August 11 av [ɑːv] of 12 Avenyn [avɛ ́nyːn] the main street in Gothen burg 60 avocado -n -r [avu ́kɑːdu] avocado 114 avsluta -r -de -t [ ̀ɑːvˌslʉːta] end, finish, wrap up 90

avsnitt -et = [ ̀ɑːvˌsnɪtː] chapter, part 8 ax/el -eln -lar [ ́akːsəl] shoulder 110

B baby -n -ar/-er [ ́bɛːbɪ, ́bɛjːbɪ] baby 35 back/e -en -ar [ ̀bakːə] hill; ground see: Phrase list/Fraslista 75 bad -et = [bɑːd] see: badrum 87 bada -r -de -t [ ̀bɑːda] bathe, swim 57 badbyxor -na (pl) [ ̀bɑːdˌbykːsur] swimming trunks 78 baddräkt -en -er [ ̀bɑːdrɛkːt] swimsuit 78 badkar -et = [ ̀bɑːdˌkɑːr] bath tub Ö4:4 badlakan -et = [ ̀bɑːdˌlɑːkan] bath towel Ö10:4 badminton [ ́bɛdmintɔn] badminton Ö7:2 badrum -met = [ ̀bɑːdˌrɵmː] bathroom 42 badrumsskåp -et = [ ̀bɑːdrɵmsˌkoːp] bathroom cabinet 108 bagag/e -et = [ba ́gɑːʂ] luggage, baggage 58 baguett/e -en -er [ba ́ɡɛtː] baguette 51 bakifrån [ ̀bɑːkɪfron] from behind 58 bakom [ ̀bɑːkɔm] behind 41 balkong -en -er [bal ́kɔŋː] balcony 69 balkongfönst/er -ret = [bal k ̀ ɔŋːˌfønːstər] balcony window 46 baltisk -t -a [ ́balːtɪsk] Baltic 127 banan -en -er [ba ́nɑːn] banana 20 bank -en -er [baŋːk] bank 45 banta -r -de -t [ ̀banːta] be on a diet, reduce 101 bar [bɑːr] see: bära 58 bar -en -er [bɑːr] bar Ö9:2 bara [ ̀bɑːra] only 18 barn -et = [bɑːɳ] child 7 barnbarn -et = [ ̀bɑːɳˌbɑːɳ] grandchild 33 barndop -et = [ b ̀ ɑːɳˌduːp] child christening 133 be ber bad bett [beː] ask, beg 87 be/hålla -håller -höll -hållit [bə ́hɔlːa] keep 80 behöv/a -er -de -t [bə ́høːva] need 23 behöv/as -s -des -ts [bə ́høːvas] be needed 65 det behövs [dɛ bə ́høfːs] it is necessary, it is needed 65 ben -et = [beːn] leg 110 berätta -r -de -t (för) [bə ́rɛtːa] tell 10 beskriv/a -er beskrev beskrivit (för) [bə ́skriːva] describe 43 beskrivning -en -ar [bə ́skriːvnɪŋ] description, narration 112 be/stå -står -stod -stått [bə ́stoː] consist (of) 122 beställ/a -er -de -t [bə ́stɛlːa] order 52 bestäm/ma -mer -de -t [bə ́stɛmːa] decide 31 bestämma sig [bə ́stɛmːa sɛj] decide 67

bestäm/d -t -da: bestämd form [bə ́stɛmːd ́fɔrmː] definite article 110 besök/a -er -te -t [bə ́søːka] visit 82 betala -r -de -t [bə ́tɑːla] pay 52 bett -et = [betː] bite 135 bety/da -der -dde -tt [bə ́tyːda] mean, signify 19 bh -:n -:ar [ ̀beːˌhoː] bra, brassiere 78 bibliotek -et = [bɪblɪu ́teːk] library 45 biff -en -ar [bɪfː] (beef)steak 48 bikini -n = [bɪ ́kiːnɪ] bikini 78 bil -en -ar [biːl] car 10 bild -en -er [bɪlːd] picture 37 bilist -en -er [bɪ ́lɪsːt] motorist 134 biljett -en -er [bɪl ́jɛtː] ticket 61 billig -t -a [ ̀bɪlːɪ/g/] inexpensive, cheap 39 bilrut/a -an -or [ ̀biːlˌrʉːta] car window 37 bilsemest/er -ern -rar [ ̀biːlsɛˌmɛsːtər] motoring vacation Ö9:5 bio: gå på bio [go pɔ ́biːu] go to the cinema/ movies 22 biobiljett -en -er [ ́biːubɪl ́jɛtː] cinema/movie ticket 68 biograf -en -er [bɪu ́grɑːf] cinema 45 bisats -en -er [ ̀biːˌsats] subordinate clause 97 bit -en -ar [biːt] piece, bit 51 bit/en -et -na [ ̀biːtən]: bli biten [blɪ ́biːtən] get bitten 135 bitti: i morgon bitti [ɪmɔrɔn ̀ bɪtːi] (early) tomorrow morning 63 bjud/a -er bjöd bjudit [ ̀bjʉːda] invite; treat 12 bjud/en -et -na [ ̀bjʉːdɛn] invited 117 bjudit [ ̀bjʉːdɪt] see: bjuda 118 björn -en -ar [bjœːɳ] bear 92 björnjakt -en -er [ ̀bjœːɳˌjakːt] bear hunting 134 björnspår -et = [ ̀bjœːɳˌspoːr] bear track 92 bland [blan/d/] among, between 100 blanda -r -de -t [ ̀blanːda] mix 51 Blekinge [ ̀bleːkɪŋə] a province in southern Sweden 19 blev [bleːv] see: bli 46 bli -r blev blivit [bliː] become, get 22 blivit [ ̀bliːvɪt] see: bli 108 block -et = [blɔkː] pad Ö s. 7 blomkål -en [ ̀blumːˌkoːl] cauliflower 49 blomm/a -an -or [ ̀blumːa] flower 57 blommig -t -a [ ̀blumːɪ/g/] flowery 77 blus -en -ar [blʉːs] blouse 78

Phrase list (Fraslista) Some expressions cannot be translated literally without losing their meaning. That is the reason why we have included, in addition to the alphabetic vocabulary, a separate Phrase list where the Swedish phrases have been translated as such and not necessarily word for word. The phrases are devided up into different themes, such as Greetings phrases etc, following the same order as the Phrase pages in the Textbook. Abbreviations used: (f) the word or phrase is used in formal speech (g) the word or phrase is archaic and not used in normal speech (v) the word or phrase is colloquial.

Phrases for greeting (Fraser när man hälsar)

p. 18

– Hej! Hur är det? – Hejsan! Bara bra. Och du? – Bra tack.

– Hello! How are you? – Hi! Just fine. And you? – Fine, thank you.

– Tjänare! Hur är läget? – Tjena! Fint. Du då? – Under kontroll. – Vi hörs.

– Hi there! How are things? – Hi! Fine. What about you? – Not bad (“under control”). – We’ll get in touch.

– God dag. Hur står det till? (f) – Tack, bara bra. Och du själv då? – Tack, det är bra.

– How do you do. How are you? – Just fine, thank you. And how are you? – I’m fine, thank you.

– Hej, Bengt-Åke! – Nej, men hej, Kerstin! Hur har du det? – Tack, bra.

– Hello, Bengt-Åke! – Oh, hello, Kerstin! How are you doing? – Fine, thank you.

– God morgon. – God middag. – God kväll.

– Good morning! – Good afternoon! – Good evening!

Practise more! (Träna vidare!) – Hej, jag heter Anna.

– Hello, my name is Anna./I am Anna.

– Hej, mitt namn är Anna.

– Hello, my name is Anna.

– Goddag, mitt namn är Anna Svensson. (f)

– How do you do, my name is Anna Svensson.

– Hej, det här är min flickvän, Åsa, – Hello, this is my girlfriend Åsa. och det här är min fotbollskompis Allan. and this is my football pal, Allan. – Hej, kul/trevligt att träffas. – Hi, nice to meet you. – God dag herr Åberg. Får jag presentera – How do you do, mr Åberg. May I introduce min hustru Edit och min dotter Klara. my wife Edit and my daughter Klara. – Angenämt. – Pleased to meet you. – Trevligt att råkas. – Nice to meet you. – Nöjet är helt på min sida. (f) – The pleasure is all mine. Please note, that the expression Hur mår du? is used when addressing someone who is ill or the like.

Telephoning phrases (Fraser när man talar i telefon)

p. 25

In Sweden, when we answer the telephone we give our name or number. To answer “hallå” is considered impolite. – Eva Olsson. – Hej Eva, det är Sven. Har du Per hemma?

– Eva Olsson speaking. – Hello Eva, this is Sven. Is Per at home?

– Det är Inger. – Hej, Inger. Det är Karin. – Nej, men hej Karin. Det var längesedan.

– This is Inger. – Hello Inger. This is Karin. – Oh, hello Karin. It’s been a long time.

– 12 13 14. – 12 13 14. – Ja hej, det är Elisabeth. Är Annika inne? – Hello, this is Elisabeth. Is Annika there? – Ja, vänta så ska jag hämta henne ... – Yes, just a moment, I’ll fetch her ... Annika, det är telefon till dig. Annika, there’s a call for you. – Hej. Mitt namn är Kurt Olsson. – Hello. My name is Kurt Olsson. Jag skulle vilja tala med Axel. I would like to speak to Axel. – Ett ögonblick ... – One moment, please ... Axel, Kurt Olsson är i telefon. Axel, Kurt Olsson is on the phone. – Svensson. – Kan jag få tala med Olle? – Det finns ingen Olle här. – Åh, ursäkta då har jag kommit fel.

– Svensson speaking. – May I speak to Olle, please? – There is no Olle here. – Oh, I’m sorry. I must have the wrong number.

– Ah! Det är upptaget.

– Oh, the number is engaged.

Practise more! (Träna vidare!) Slå 118 118! – Nummerupplysningen. – Vilket nummer har Per-Erik Palm i Piteå?

Dial 118 118! – Directory inquiries. – What’s the number of Per-Erik Palm in Piteå?

– Mottagaren betalar. – Kan jag få låna telefonen? – Vad har du för telefonnummer? – Var kan man nå dig? – Ursäkta att jag stör så här sent.

– The receiver pays. – May I use the telephone, please? – What is your telephone number? – Where can you be reached? – Excuse me for disturbing you this late.

When we wish to finish a conversation we often say: Ja, då säger vi det. (All right then.) ring tone ___ ___ ___

engaged (busy) tone _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Emergency number 112 to call for instance an ambulance (en ambulans), the police (polisen) or the fire department (brandkåren).