Additional h v2 with p4

Clevedon School

Science Department

Year 11 Mock Exam Additional H (v2) Name_____________________ Teachers__________________

B3/25 C4/25 P4/25 Total/75 Grade

2 EQUATIONS energy = mass × specific heat capacity × temperature change energy = mass × specific latent heat efficiency =

useful energy output (× 100%) total energy input

wave speed = frequency × wavelength power = voltage × current energy supplied = power × time average speed =

distance time

distance = average speed × time s=

acceleration =

(u + v) ×t 2 change in speed time taken

force = mass × acceleration weight = mass × gravitational field strength work done = force × distance power =

work done time

power = force × speed KE =

1 2 mv 2

momentum = mass × velocity force =

change in momentum time

GPE = mgh mgh =

1 2 mv 2

resistance = © OCR 2013

voltage current

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The Periodic Table of the Elements 1

2

3

Key 7 Li

9 Be

lithium

3 23 Na

4

5

6

7

0

1 H

4 He

hydrogen

helium

1

2 11 B

12 C

14 N

16 O

19 F

20 Ne

beryllium

name

boron

carbon

nitrogen

oxygen

fluorine

neon

4

atomic (proton) number

5

6

7

8

9

10

24 Mg

27 Al

28 Si

31 P

32 S

35.5 Cl

40 Ar

sodium

magnesium

aluminium

silicon

phosphorus

sulfur

chlorine

argon

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

39 K

40 Ca

45 Sc

48 Ti

51 V

52 Cr

55 Mn

56 Fe

59 Co

59 Ni

63.5 Cu

65 Zn

70 Ga

73 Ge

75 As

79 Se

80 Br

84 Kr

potassium

calcium

scandium

titanium

vanadium

chromium

manganese

iron

cobalt

nickel

copper

zinc

gallium

germanium

arsenic

selenium

bromine

krypton

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

33

34

35

36

85 Rb

88 Sr

89 Y

91 Zr

93 Nb

96 Mo

[98] Tc

101 Ru

103 Rh

106 Pd

108 Ag

112 Cd

115 In

119 Sn

122 Sb

128 Te

127 I

131 Xe

rubidium

strontium

yttrium

zirconium

niobium

molybdenum

technetium

ruthenium

rhodium

palladium

silver

cadmium

indium

tin

antimony

tellurium

iodine

xenon

37

38

39

40

41

42

43

44

45

46

47

48

49

50

51

52

53

54

133 Cs

137 Ba

139 La*

178 Hf

181 Ta

184 W

186 Re

190 Os

192 Ir

195 Pt

197 Au

201 Hg

204 Tl

207 Pb

209 Bi

[209] Po

[210] At

[222] Rn

caesium

barium

lanthanum

hafnium

tantalum

tungsten

rhenium

osmium

iridium

platinum

gold

mercury

thallium

lead

bismuth

polonium

astatine

radon

55

56

57

72

73

74

75

76

77

78

79

80

81

82

83

84

85

86

[223] Fr

[226] Ra

[227] Ac*

[261] Rf

[262] Db

[266] Sg

[264] Bh

[277] Hs

[268] Mt

[271] Ds

[272] Rg

francium

radium

actinium

rutherfordium

dubnium

seaborgium

bohrium

hassium

meitnerium

darmstadtium

roentgenium

89

104

109

110

111

87

88

105

106

107

108

Elements with atomic numbers 112-116 have been reported but not fully authenticated

* The lanthanoids (atomic numbers 58-71) and the actinoids (atomic numbers 90-103) have been omitted.

The relative atomic masses of copper and chlorine have not been rounded to the nearest whole number.

28

relative atomic mass atomic symbol

3 Answer all the questions.

SECTION A – Module B3 1

Look at the picture of chromosomes.

(a) Polar bears have 74 chromosomes in their white blood cells.

What is the haploid number for a polar bear? .............................................................................................................................................. [1] (b) Chromosomes are made from a chemical called DNA. Describe the structure of DNA. You may draw a labelled diagram.

................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... .............................................................................................................................................. [2] (c) Collagen and insulin are two different proteins.

The production of these proteins is controlled by two different genes.

Describe how these two genes are similar and how they are different. ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... .............................................................................................................................................. [3] [Total: 6] Š OCR 2013

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4 2

Soya beans are grown as food.

(a) Soya bean plants can be genetically modified to be resistant to herbicides.

Complete the flow chart to show the process.

Scientists use nuclei from a plant already resistant to herbicides.

The genetically modified plant is cloned.

[2] (b) Some people object to growing genetically modified soya bean plants.

This is because they think the soya beans could be harmful when eaten.

Write about other reasons why people may object. ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... .............................................................................................................................................. [2] [Total: 4]

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5 3

Jenny and Fred investigate plant growth using two identical plants.

They put plant A in a warm room and plant B in a cold room.

Both plants get the same amount of light, needed for photosynthesis and growth.

They use a ruler to measure the height of each plant once a week.

Look at their results.

Time in weeks

Height in cm Plant A warm room (20 °C)

Plant B cold room (10 °C)

0

4.5

4.5

1

5.3

4.8

2

5.8

5.2

3

6.2

5.7

4

6.9

6.0

5

7.4

6.3

(a) The percentage increase for plant A after 5 weeks is 64.4%.

Calculate the percentage increase in growth for plant B after 5 weeks.

answer ..................................................... % [2] (b) Explain the differences in the growth. Use ideas about enzymes in your answer. ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... .............................................................................................................................................. [3] [Total: 5]

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6 4

Peter is investigating how exercise affects his pulse rate.

He uses a pulse meter to measure his pulse rate.

He runs as fast as he can for four minutes.

Peter’s legs ache towards the end of the exercise.

He then sits down and measures his pulse rate again every two minutes for the next 16 minutes.

The graph shows his results.

200 180 160 140 pulse rate in beats per minute

120 100 80 60

running

40 20 0

0

2

4

6

8

10

time in minutes

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12

14

16

18

20

7 (a) Explain the pattern in the graph between 4 minutes and 20 minutes.

The quality of written communication will be assessed in your answer to this question. ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... .............................................................................................................................................. [6]

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Turn over for the remainder of question 4

8 (b) Peter then compares his recovery time after exercising for different lengths of time.

He does this by repeating his experiment but changing how long he exercises.

Look at his results.

Length of exercise in minutes

Recovery time in minutes

4

10

6

12

8

14

10

14

Predict his recovery time after 12 minutes of exercise.

Use your understanding of science to justify your answer. ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... .............................................................................................................................................. [2] (c) Peter finds out about blood circulation.

Humans have a double circulatory system.

Fish have a single circulatory system.

Explain the disadvantages of a single circulatory system. ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... .............................................................................................................................................. [2] [Total: 10]

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10 SECTION B – Module C4 4

This question is about atomic structure. (a) An atom of chlorine can be represented as: 35 17

Cl

Complete the following sentence.

This atom of chlorine contains ............. protons, 17 electrons and ............. neutrons.

[2]

(b) Complete the table about the particles found in atoms.

Particle

Relative electric charge

Relative mass

Electron

........................

0.0005

Neutron

........................

1

Proton

+1

........................

[2] [Total: 4]

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11 5

This question is about structure and bonding. (a) Calcium chloride contains calcium ions, Ca2+, and chloride ions, Cl –.

Write down the formula for calcium chloride. .............................................................................................................................................. [1] (b) Sodium oxide, Na2O, is an ionic compound.

Sodium has the electronic structure 2.8.1.

Oxygen has the electronic structure 2.6.

Use ‘dot and cross’ diagrams to draw the electronic structures of the two ions in Na2O. Include the charges on the ions.

[2] (c) Sodium oxide has a high melting point and does not conduct electricity as a solid.

Use ideas about structure and bonding to explain why. ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... .............................................................................................................................................. [2] [Total: 5] © OCR 2013

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12 6

Annie is concerned that the river near her house may be polluted.

She tests a sample of water from the river.

She tests the water with silver nitrate solution and also with barium chloride solution.

Look at her results.

Water sample

With silver nitrate solution

With barium chloride solution

yellow precipitate

white precipitate

(a) Annie thinks that the water contains both bromide ions and sulfate ions.

Is she correct?

Explain your answer. ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... .............................................................................................................................................. [2] (b) Barium chloride, BaCl 2, reacts with sodium sulfate, Na2SO4.

Barium sulfate, BaSO4, and sodium chloride, NaCl , are made.

Write a balanced symbol equation for this reaction.

.............................................................................................................................................. [2] [Total: 4]

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13 7

This question is about Group 7 elements.

Look at the table.

It shows some information about the Group 7 elements.

Element

Molecular formula

Physical appearance

Melting point in °C

Boiling point in °C

fluorine

F2

pale yellow gas

.......................

–188

chlorine

Cl 2

pale green gas

–101

–35

bromine

Br2

orange liquid

–7

59

iodine

I2

.......................

114

184

(a) Complete the table to show the physical appearance of iodine.

[1]

(b) Use ideas about trends in a group to predict the melting point of fluorine.

[1]

(c) Sodium, in Group 1, reacts with bromine.

Write a word equation for this reaction. .............................................................................................................................................. [1] [Total: 3]

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14 8

This question is about metals. (a) Look at the table. It gives information about five metals.

Metal

Melting point in °C

Relative electrical conductivity (1 = low, 70 = high)

Relative heat conductivity (1 = low, 250 = high)

Density in g / cm3

Cost of one kg in £

A

660

40

118

2.7

1.3

B

1083

64

223

8.9

4.7

C

1535

11

42

7.9

0.3

D

962

67

235

10.5

602.8

E

420

18

67

7.1

1.2

overhead power cable

Suggest which metal would be best for making overhead power cables.

Choose from A, B, C, D or E. Metal ......................................

Explain your answer. Use information from the table to help you. ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... .............................................................................................................................................. [2] (b) Some metals can be used as superconductors.

Superconductors conduct electricity with little or no electrical resistance.

Write about one disadvantage of superconductors. ................................................................................................................................................... .............................................................................................................................................. [1] [Total: 3] © OCR 2013

15 9

Look at the table. It shows part of an early version of the Periodic Table of the Elements.

The numbers are the relative atomic masses of the elements.

H 1

Li 7

Be 9

B 11

C 12

N 14

O 16

F 19

Na 23

Mg 24

Al 27

Si 28

P 31

S 32

Cl 35.5

K 39

Three chemists helped with the development of the Periodic Table.

One was Dobereiner, who noticed triads such as Li, Na and K. The other two chemists were: • •

Newlands Mendeleev.

Write about the evidence that Newlands and Mendeleev used to develop the Periodic Table.

The quality of written communication will be assessed in your answer to this question. .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................................... [6] [Total: 6]

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16 SECTION C – Module P4 10 This question is about electrostatic charges. (a) Connor rubs a cloth with a brush.

rubbing The cloth becomes negatively charged.

Explain why, and include in your answer what happens to the brush. ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... .............................................................................................................................................. [3]

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17 (b) Large scale dust removal from chimneys is done using an electrostatic precipitator.

The diagram shows an electrostatic precipitator. clean air without dust particles

charged metal plate

+

+

+

+

+

+

charged metal plate

dust particles collected here

negative metal grid

dirty air containing dust particles move up through the grid Complete the following sentences explaining how the precipitator works.

Choose words from the list.

The words can be used once, more than once or not at all. attract electrons struck negative positive protons repel rubbed When the dust particles pass through the metal grid they gain .............................. and have a .............................. charge.

The metal plates then .............................. the charged dust particles.

The plates are .............................. so the dust falls down and is collected.

[2] [Total: 5]

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18 11 Manisha is investigating the resistance of three wires.

This is the electrical circuit she uses.

A wire A

V She measures the current and the voltage (p.d.) across each wire.

Look at her results for three wires A, B and C made from the same material.

Wire

p.d. in volts

A

5

Current in amps

Length of wire in cm

Thickness in mm

100 ..................

B

5

2.5 1 1.25

50 ..................

C

5

Resistance in ohms

1 10

100 ..................

(a) Complete the table by calculating the current in each wire.

0.5 [2]

(b) By using the numbers in the table, compare the results for wire A with the results for wires B and C, and write conclusions about how the thickness and length affect the resistance of the wire. ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... .............................................................................................................................................. [3] [Total: 5] Š OCR 2013

19 12 Patrick’s doctor wants him to have a scan.

The scan will be of an internal organ in his body and will be carried out by a radiographer. (a) A radioactive isotope will be injected into Patrick.

It acts as a tracer so that the radiographer will be able to scan the internal organ.

Look at the table containing information about three radioactive isotopes.

Isotope

Half-life

Nuclear radiation emitted

A

10 days

alpha

B

12 years

beta

C

6 hours

gamma

Use information about each isotope to suggest and explain which isotope is the best one to use for the scan.

The quality of written communication will be assessed in your answer to this question. ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... .............................................................................................................................................. [6]

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20 (b) Patrick is worried about the risk from the radiation.

His friend, Dermot, says there is a high risk that he will get cancer from the radiation used for the scan.

Sheng Li, Patrick’s radiographer, advises Patrick to have the scan.

Sheng Li gives Patrick a leaflet.

It contains information about dose levels.

The dose levels are in units of millisieverts (mSv).

Radiation exposure Average background radiation experienced by people in the UK each year Exposure for airline crew each year Maximum dose each year for workers in nuclear industry Patrick’s scan

Dose in mSv 2.5 5.0 – 9.0 20.0 1.0

Patrick rejects Dermot’s advice and accepts Sheng Li’s advice.

Use the information to explain why. ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... .............................................................................................................................................. [2]

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21 (c) Different types of medical scans use ultrasound.

Look at the diagram of an ultrasound wave travelling in air.

M high pressure

normal air pressure

distance along wave

low pressure L wave diagram Compare the separation of the air particles in areas L and M and explain how the diagram shows that this is a longitudinal wave. ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... .............................................................................................................................................. [2] [Total: 10]

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22 13 Rosalind is studying nuclear reactions. (a) Radioactive isotopes decay over a period of time. (i)

Look at the graph of isotope X decaying.

100 90 80 70 60

% of isotope nuclei remaining

50 40 30 20 10 0 0

20

40

60

80

100 120 140 160 180 200

time in years Calculate the half-life of isotope X using the graph.

Show how you calculated the value on the graph. half-life of X = ............................................ years (ii)

[2]

The half-life of another radioactive isotope, neptunium (Np), is approximately 2.0 Ă— 106 years.

A sample of this isotope has a mass of 200 g.

What mass of this isotope would be left after a period of 6 million years?

mass = ............................... g

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[1]

23 (b) (i)

Another type of nuclear reaction is nuclear fusion.

Nuclei of two different hydrogen isotopes react to produce helium (He) and a neutron (n).

Write the correct numbers on the dotted lines to complete the fusion reaction.

2

H + ........ (ii)

3

H 1

........

He + ........

1 0

n [1]

To use this type of nuclear reaction for power generation, extreme conditions are required.

What two extreme conditions are needed for the reaction? .............................................................. and .............................................................. [1] [Total: 5]

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