E-Mobility+ June-July Issue 2019 by SolarQuarter

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Volume 02. | Issue 2 | June - July 2019

The Future

Is Here! Perspective Key Hurdles in Creating EV Charging Infrastructure in India New Business Opportunities in Indiaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s EV Charging Industry Financial Innovation to Improve the Uptake in EV Sector Future Growth Plans of Charging Infrastructure for Electric Vehicles Evolution in Consumer Behaviour towards E-Mobility

Mr. Gautam Pal National Corporate & Fleet Sales Mahindra Electric

Maxson Lewis Managing Director Magenta Power

Mr. Bhanu Rahoni Director Dept of Jobs,Tourism, Science & Innovation, Government of Western Australia

Mr. Akash Kaushik CEO & Founder Euclion Energy

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ENERGY SOLUTION FOR E-VEHICLES

EMobility+ â&#x20AC;¢ June-July 2019 3

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A Din V Econversation RTISERS INDEX

TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents IN CONVERSATION `

Hartek

21 Mr. Shashi Shekhar, Vice Chairman, ACME ..............................................................................................12

Delta

` Mr. Parag Sharma, Chief Operating Officer, ReNew Power ...............................................................14 ` Mr. K.V. Sajay, President- Wind, Solar and Regulatory Affairs, Hero Future Energies..............16

Gatefold Mr. Gautam Pal, National Corporate & Fleet Sales, Mahindra Electric 2

Sungrow

` Mr. Prakash Morankar, Chief Operating Officer, Engie Solar ............................................................18

“We have always tried to offer EVs in the 3 market with an intent of value for money product without compromising on the quality” 09 Emmvee Photovoltaic Power Pvt Ltd 5 Ginlong Solis

` Mr. Harjinder Kamboj, Head-Quality, Azure ............................................................................................20 ` Mr. Nimish Prabhukhanolkar, Partner, Agami Engineering ................................................................22 ` Mr. Nikunj Patel, Founder & CEO, Australian Premium Solar (India) Pvt. Ltd .............................24

Illios

` Mr. Rounak Muthiyan, Founder Director, Kalpa Power Private Limited ........................................26

ABB

` Mr. Idrish Khan, CTO, Ginlong Solis.............................................................................................................28

Sineng

` Mr. Bill Gao, Global Commercial Head-Heraeus Photovoltaics........................................................24

` Mr. Prashant Mathur, CMO, Adani Solar ...................................................................................................30

Maxson Lewis, Managing Director, Magenta Power

Tata Bluescope steel “We have established formal partnerships and13 investments with the likes of Siemens, HPCL and others” Lubi Solar 15

` Mr. Vikas Jain, Director, Insolation Energy P. Ltd ....................................................................................32 ` Mr. Nitin Sharma, Vice President – Energy (Head-EMS), Raychem RPG.......................................34

` Mr. Brinder Gandhi, Chief Executive Officer, Impulse Green Energy ..............................................38

Rays Power Experts Pvt. Ltd.

INDUSTRY INSIGHTS

Sofar Solar

` Transparent Backsheet A Smart Alternative For Glass / Glass Modules .......................................40

TBEA

` Global - Investment Flows ..............................................................................................................................48

21 Mr. Bhanu Rahoni, Director, Dept of Jobs,Tourism, Science and Innovation, Government of Western Mahindra Intertrade Limited 23 Australia

` ‘Elmex’ Has Installed More Than 3 Million Connectors At 200+ Sites Across India ................49

Pheonix contact

` LeTID Testing to Mitigate Investment Risk ..............................................................................................42

` Surge Protection For Photovoltaic Inverter .............................................................................................50

` Need For SARAL .................................................................................................................................................52 ` Ginlong Solis Powers Large Rooftop Solar Projects By SunSource ................................................58 ` Renewable Energy and Jobs - Globally .....................................................................................................59

Waaree

Goodwe

Raychem RPG Pvt. LtdMr. Akash Kaushik, CEO & Founder, 33 Euclion Energy Indian Energy Exchange Limited 35 “Euclion, has the ideology of taking up challenging projects, usuallyAvengers) the ones that are not taken up37 Rays Power Experts Pvt. Ltd. (Mighty due to the technical complications and a chunk of 10 development time involved” Power One Microsystem 39

` City Leadership In The Global Energy Transition ...................................................................................61 ` Policies To Integrate Variable Renewable Energy ..................................................................................62 ` Solar Power is India’s Green Future ............................................................................................................70 ` Mono Vs Poly – An Introspective Simulation Study! – Part 3 ...........................................................74 ` Floating Solar - Market opportunities .......................................................................................................75

Perspective

` SOFARSOLAR G3 Better Customized For Residential Project ...........................................................78

Mitsui Chemicals Inc.

` Opportunities For Urban Renewable Energy ..........................................................................................84

 Is There An Evolution In Consumer Behaviour

Towards E-Mobility? PERSPECTIVE

Insolation

` Energy Systems Integration And Enabling Technologies ...................................................................51

“Our team of six work across a number of key 25 sectors that we see as offering good prospects to grow business between India and Western Australia in both trade and 27 investment”

Goldi Solar

...................................................................13

` What Will It Take To Emerge As Leaders In The Rooftop Solar Industry? ...................................54

Elmex Company Feature

Aeron Composite Pvt Ltd

 What Is Needed In Financial Innovation To Improve

` Are State Governments Doing Enough For Promoting Solar Rooftop? .......................................64

The Uptake InKeep EV Up Sector?? ..............................................................14 ` Will India Be Able To The Growth Momentum In Solar Sector? ...................................65

 L&T Nuteck Power Solutions ..................................................................15 Construction 59

` What Are The Key Challenges In Construction Of Solar Rooftop Plants

 Future Growth Plans Of Charging Infrastuture for

In Sri Lanka And How Can We Overcome Them? .................................................................................66

Electric Vehicles? ...............................................................................16

` Future Business Leaders In Solar Sector: What Are The CXOs Looking For? .............................67 ` What Are The Challenges Despite Incentives From Central And

 What Are The New Business Opportunities In India’s EV

State Government For The Development Of Solar Rooftop Systems?..........................................71

Charging Industry? ...........................................................................20

` Leadership Talk: Surviving In The Intense Indian Solar Sector .........................................................76

44-45

Apar

Australian Premium Solar

Product Feature Avant Garde

systems 67  Flir Buhler India Pvt. Ltd. .......................................................................17

` What Needs, To In Solar Sector Manufacturing?........................80 KeyIndia Hurdles inBecome CreatiA Powerhouse ng EV Charging Infrastructure



Havells

PRODUCT FEATURE

Topsun

` Raychem RPG ......................................................................................................................................................41

Brij Encapsulants

Fibrograts Pvt.Ltd.

Radite Energy

Longi Solar

in India ...............................................................................................22

advertisers index

` Sineng ....................................................................................................................................................................60 ` TBEA ........................................................................................................................................................................72 ` Aeron Composite Private Limited................................................................................................................79

COMPANY FEATURE ` Arcedo ....................................................................................................................................................................63 ` Radite......................................................................................................................................................................63 ` Goldi Solar ............................................................................................................................................................68

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Varun Gulati Ekta Pujari

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Vaibhav Enterprises

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India News

elhi Govt’s EV Target For 2024: 25% Of New Vehicles To be Electric.

The Delhi government targets having a fourth of the vehicles registered annually — public and private — to be electric by 2024 as it seeks to curb vehicular pollution in one of the world’s most polluted cities. This is part of Delhi’s soon-to-be-announced electric vehicle (EV) policy. An estimated 700,000 to 800,000 vehicles are registered in Delhi every year. Automobiles account for 40 per cent of particulate matter (PM) and close to 80 per cent of the NOx emissions. With its EV policy, the Delhi government aims to cut vehicular pollution by half over the next five to 10 years. Delhi released its draft EV policy in November 2018. It is set to notify the policy with amendments after the Cabinet approval. The Delhi government has an outlay of Rs 150 crore for EVs for the current year.

early 30 New Car, 20 Two-Wheeler Launches Lined Up Till March 2020.

Passenger vehicle (PV) and two-wheeler sales in the country have been bleak, despite

urugram, Ahmedabad Reveal EV Public Transport Plans.

Gurugram Metropolitan City Bus Limited plans to induct 100 electric minibuses Ahmedabad is preparing an expression of interest document for operating 300 electric buses.FAME India scheme is the key driver for both new projects The Indian government recently took another step in fulfilling its electric mobility dream when Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman announced a new scheme which will invite global companies to set up mega manufacturing plants which covers production of lithium storage batteries, and charging infrastructure. But public transport is one of the key areas where electric vehicles (EVs) can really help cut carbon emissions and state governments along with civic bodies are also looking to get in on the action with the latest examples coming from Gurugram and Ahmedabad. Gurugram is planning to add 100 EVs for public transport, while Ahmedabad is planning to operate 300 EV public transport buses. The Gurugram Metropolitan City Bus Limited (GMCBL) is planning to add about 100 electric minibuses in its fleet. The GMCBL had applied for electric buses under FAME India scheme(Faster Adoption and Manufacturing of Hybrid & Electric Vehicles in India) of the central government.

inquiries being good, due to poor consumer sentiment. To create excitement among consumers, especially during festivals, car manufacturers have lined up around 25-30 launches and two-wheeler makers have lined up another 20 between August 2019 and March 2020. The new launches include electric and hybrid vehicles. On an average, car makers, excluding luxury ones, invest around Rs 1,500-2,000 crore to launch a new car.Two-wheeler and PV retail sales dropped by five per cent and 4.6 per

uto Industry To Conduct Study On EV Migration To Discuss With Government.

The auto industry will conduct a study through an external agency for a road map towards electric mobility amid push from Niti Aayog for transition to full electric vehicles (EVs) for

cent, respectively, in June 2019, compared to last year.

three-wheelers by 2023 and two-wheelers up to 150cc by 2025, according to sources.

CARE Ratings says that demand might remain muted till the second quarter before it

At a meeting with industry representatives, Niti Aayog had asked the industry to come

starts picking up from the third quarter due to festival and pre-buying before BS-VI

back within two weeks with concrete steps towards the transition but manufacturers had

implementation from April 1, 2020. Also, with higher MSPs announced, farm income is

stated they would need a minimum of four months to work on the same.

expected to be marginally higher and encourage rural spending.

Hero MotoCorp, Bajaj Auto, TVS Motor Co and Honda MotorCycle and Scooter India (HMSI)

To cash in on this, car makers have lined up nearly 25-30 new launches. Some of them

have opposed Niti Aayog’s plan to push for 100 per cent electric vehicles by completely

include Maruti Suzuki Ertiga Cross and S-Presso, Hyundai New Grand i10, Tucson Facelift

banning conventional two- and three-wheelers.Tata Sons Chairman N Chandrasekaran

and Hyundai New Elite i20. Honda would be launching Honda HR-V and New City, while

had also stated that migration to EVs needs to be planned to ensure entire ecosystem is

Tata would introduce the Buzzard and Altroz. Skoda expects to launch Karoq, and Renault

ready through a multi-year road map.

to launch Renault Triber and Kwid Facelift.

Confirming the plans for the study, sources in the automobile industry said it is expected to take six weeks to two months.

MO Leads The Way In EV Charging Stations.

The auto industry had mooted the migration to EVs for two- and three-wheelers in a phased manner by selecting most polluted cities and target 100 per cent migration to EVs

The government is leading the way in installing charging stations for electric vehicles, having set up several such nits at various offices starting with the Prime Minister’s Office. Daily, after dropping off officers at South Block gates or their homes, electric cars of PMO line up at the 15 charging stations installed at its parking space to get charged for the next day. PMO has the maximum number of EV charging stations among ministries and departments, followed by official think tank Niti Aayog and the finance ministry with 10 each. Then there are seven in Parliament House, five at power ministry, four at Rashtrapati Bhawan, three at external affairs ministry and two at Gujarat Bhawan in Delhi. The budget has offered big incentives to people to buy electric cars, including income-tax rebate for loan interest payment and a GST cut that will reduce ownership cost of EVs vis a vis petrol and diesel vehicles.

udget 2019 Provides Impetus to India’s Transition to E-Mobility and EV Manufacturing.

for such types of vehicles in staggered steps with proper timelines.

overnment Invites Bids For Setting Up 1,000 EV Charging Stations.

The Indian government is looking to accelerate adoption of electric vehicles in the country. From the FAME scheme’s second phase, which has a big-ticket budget of Rs 10,000 crore, to the recently proposed mandate for electrifying all two- and three-wheelers starting 2023, the government is aggressively going about its ambitious electrification drive. As part of the government’s electrification drive and to create the necessary infrastructure, the Ministry of Power had issued guidelines and standards for charging stations in December 2018. However, none of the EVs sold in the country, except for the just launched Hyundai Kona Electric SUV, can utilise them. To address this issue, the necessary EV charging infrastructure is being developed. The Department of Heavy Industry (DHI) Ministry has invited proposals from urban local bodies, municipal corporations, PSUs (state/central) and public/private entities who are

In the latest Union Budget for FY 2019-2020, the Modi government 2.0 has provided strong

interested in developing EV charging infrastructure in different states and cities.

support to the nascent electric vehicle industry with the announcement of tax incentives to

Targeting 1,000 charging stations and 6,000 chargers:Under the proposal, the government

speed up the transition of the automobile industry from fossil fuel dependent to electric.

will incentivise setting up of around 1,000 charging stations with a minimum of 6,000

A budgetary allocation of ₹5 billion (~$73 million) has been made to the Faster Adoption

chargers.

and Manufacturing of (Hybrid &) Electric Vehicles (FAME India) program implemented by the Department of Heavy Industries. The adoption of approximately 52,800 electric vehicles (EVs) across all EV categories is being supported through demand incentives. The budgetary allocation through demand incentives for EV adoption amounts to ₹2.71 billion (~$40 million). To enhance the economic growth and advance the “Make in India” policy, the government plans to launch a program to attract global companies through a bidding process to set up large-scale manufacturing projects in sunrise technology areas like lithium storage

GST On Electric Vehicles: GST Council To Finalise Tax Cut to 5% Soon. The tax on electric vehicles is set to be slashed from 12% to 5% as a specially-convened GST Council meeting will take up the proposal on July 25 via video conference . The committee has, by and large, agreed that the GST on EV should be cut to 5%, despite concerns from some states about the move. . According to a joint study by NITI Aayog and the Rocky Mountain Institute, India can save up to 64% on its energy costs for road-based mobility and cut down on 37% of carbon

batteries and solar charging infrastructure to name a few. Provisions to provide these

emissions by 2030 if it implements its shared and electric mobility plans. The Union Budget

entities investment links and income tax exemptions have also been made in the latest

2019 had announced various measures to promote EVs, including a few tax incentives for

budget.

EV consumers.

EMobility+ • June-July 2019 6

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Asia News

and the Zhenjiang government, to build a NEV manufacturing joint venture in the city of

integrate two plants in China. The company will also establish a system to develop,

Zhenjiang, east China’s Jiangsu Province.

manufacture and sell EV cables through Jaxing Showa Interconnect Products, its Chinese

The joint venture marks Magna’s first investment in a complete vehicle manufacturing

subsidiary.

plant outside Europe. It will be capable of producing up to 180,000 NEVs per year, and the

In Southeast Asia, Hitachi Metals will ramp up its production capacity in Vietnam and

first production is expected to be launched in late 2020.

Thailand, while Furukawa Electric will also boost its capacity in Vietnam.

According to Magna, the joint venture will combine the company’s expertise in complete

Japanese wire makers are keen to expand sales elsewhere in Asia as automobile

agna, BAIC Group To Establish JV For NEVs In East China. Canadian auto supplier giant Magna International signed an agreement with Beijing

Automotive Group Co., Ltd. (BAIC Group), China’s largest new energy vehicle (NEV) maker

apan’s Electric Wire Makers Expand In Asia To Ride EV Boom.

SWCC Showa Holdings will invest about 700 million yen ($6.5 million) to relocate and

vehicle engineering and manufacturing with BAIC’s advantages in local manufacturing,

electrification takes off and Japan’s auto parts suppliers shift their own production bases.

marketing and distribution to support electric mobility in China, the world’s largest NEV

Jaxing Showa’s two existing plants, which currently make products like copper wire for

market.

consumer electronics, will be combined into a new plant that is scheduled to go online in

E Asia On the Verge Of An EV Surge. A report by the International Renewable Energy Association (IRENA) indicates that

July 2020. The new plant will be double the size of the existing two factories’ 10,000 sq. meter area, and will include automated facilities to increase productivity. EV sales in China are expected to roughly quintuple to about 2.46 million vehicles in 2035, compared with 2017.

by 2025, 20% of all vehicles on the road in Southeast Asia will be of the electric variety, including 59 million two- to three-wheelers and 8.9 million four-wheel vehicles. There is room for growth, as there are 640 million people in the ten countries that are members of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). “Thailand and Vietnam would be the two major forefronts,” said Eric Yip, marketing director at Quantel. EVs are a growing market in Vietnam, especially electric motorcycles (or e-motorbikes). Whereas, “the vehicle sale in Thailand itself is expected to reach 1.2 million units, making Southeast Asia quite a big market in automotive,” he added. EDA vendor Mentor observed the increasing tendency for carmakers in the region to take EV electronics design in-house. With electronics becoming a bigger piece of the differentiation of a car, it is now being considered a core competency. “Companies need to manage the entire design process and focus on product traceability. So, most of them need to focus on digital data management, including design libraries and design data,” said Nina Lin, general manager of Taiwan and ASEAN at Mentor. She said she has seen huge

investments by the likes of Ford and GM into PCB design data management infrastructure.

itsubishi Partners GoJek For New Mobility Services In Asia.

Mitsubishi Motors Corporation (MMC) today announced that it is investing in GoJek, a leading on-demand multi-service platform in Southeast Asia, together with Mitsubishi

Corporation. The three parties have signed a memorandum of understanding to discuss joint projects to create value from new mobility services in Southeast Asia. GoJek, based in Indonesia provides an app which fulfills users’ daily needs such as transportation, food delivery and e-payment by utilising their on-demand mobile platform, and is rapidly expanding, not only in Indonesia but also other Southeast Asian countries. Mitsubishi Motors and Mitsubishi Corporation have focus competitiveness will leverage the GoJek platform and study possibilities for various new mobility services. “GoJek is proud to be partnering with Mitsubishi Motors Corporation and Mitsubishi Corporation.” said Andre Soelistyo, president of GoJekGroup. “Both companies with longstanding track records in delivering reliable and quality products, services, and technology to customers around the world. This investment is a testament to the strength of the GoJek

idi Chuxing And Oil Giant BP Team Up To Build Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure In China.

Ridesharing and transportation platform Didi Chuxing announced that it has formed a joint venture with BP, the British gas, oil and energy company, to build electric-vehicle charging infrastructure in China. The charging stations will be available to Didi and nonDidi drivers. The news of Didi and BP’s joint venture comes one week after Didi announced

that it had received funding totaling $600 million from Toyota Motor Corporation. As part of that deal, Didi and Toyota Motor set up a joint venture with GAC Toyota Motor to

vision to use technology as a means to improve the everyday lives of people in Southeast Asia.” Osamu Masuko, chairman of Mitsubishi Motors, said: “We are truly excited to be a strategic partner. Bringing Mitsubishi Motors and Mitsubishi Corporation’s long and strong presence and brand power in Southeast Asia, as well as GoJek’s diversified and unique business potentials together, we foresee creation of big synergies and innovation that boost growth of the three parties. We believe that the accumulation of know-how of new mobility services that are rapidly spreading in the region and the opportunity to enter the market will contribute to the growth of the Southeast Asian market in the future.”

provide vehicle-related services to Didi drivers. BP’s first charging site in Guangzhou has already been connected to XAS (Xiaoju Automobile Solutions), which Didi spun out in April 2018 to put all its vehicle-related services into one platform. XAS is part of Didi Chuxing’s evolution from a ridesharing company to a mobility services platform, with its services available to other car, transportation and logistics companies. In June, Didi also opened its ridesharing platform to other companies, enabling its users to request rides from third-party providers in a bid to better compete with apps like Meituan Dianping and AutoNavi, which aggregate several ride-hailing services on their platforms.

ndonesia Plans Incentives To Boost Electric Vehicle Industry.

Indonesia plans a series of incentives to boost production of electric vehicles (EVs), according to a copy of a draft regulation reviewed by Reuters. Southeast Asia’s largest economy wants EV manufacturers and battery makers to create a downstream industry for its supplies of nickel laterite ore, which is used in lithium batteries. Aiming to become a hub for Asia and beyond, Indonesia hopes companies will start EV production in 2022 and for the share of EV output to reach 20% of total car production by 2025.

hell Recharge Forays Into Southeast Asia With EV Chargers in Singapore.

Royal Dutch Shell has announced that it has successfully debuted its Shell Recharge

electric vehicle (EV) chargers at petrol stations in Singapore, the company’s first such foray in Southeast Asia.The electric vehicle charging service, Shell Recharge, will be available at 10 Shellpetrol stations in Singapore by October, this year or about 20 percent of its retail network in the city-state, the company revealed. According to the company, the stations will be erected at the following locations: Newton Hooper, Alexandra, Yishun, Ang Mo Kio, Paya Lebar PIE, Choa Chu Kang, Boon Lay, Sengkang, Havelock and Bukit Batok West.

ndonesia President Signs New EV Decree To Bolster Industry

Indonesian President Joko Widodo signed a decree that lays out government support to build an electric vehicle (EV) industry in Southeast Asia’s largest economy, the Cabinet Secretariat said in a statement. Widodo did not elaborate, but a draft of the decree reviewed by Reuters ahead of the signing showed it contained a series of incentives to

However, they must prioritize locally sourced components. Carmakers will have to increase

boost production and purchase of EVs. Widodo said in the statement that the key to the

the composition of domestic components to 80% by 2030, while motorcycle makers will

EV industry is in the construction of the batteries they run on and the “raw materials to

have to reach that target by 2026, according to a government source. Car owners may get

make a battery: cobalt, manganese and others, we have in this country.”

benefits such as lower luxury taxes on purchases, lower annual vehicle tax rates, subsidized

Resource-rich Indonesia has been seeking to carve out a downstream industry based on

fees at charging stations, as well as non fiscal incentives like special parking areas and

its supplies of nickel laterite ore, which is used in lithium batteries.

special lanes, the draft showed.

EMobility+ • June-July 2019 7

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Global News

MW On The Verge Of completing installing 100 EV chargers.

an Metals Supply Keep Up With Electric Vehicle Demand?

BMW says that it’s now on the verge of completing a project it announced a little more

In every electric vehicle (EV) battery, there’s a complex chemistry of metals – cobalt, lithium,

than two years ago — installing 100 EV chargers at US national parks.

nickel and more. The electrification of transport is transforming the demand and supply of

BMW says more than 90 of the charging stations have already been installed, with the

those battery raw materials. In fact, we expect to see double-digit growth for battery raw

rest set to open by the end of the month. The chargers are located “in or near to” national

materials over the next decade. And our latest research suggests they could face a supply

parks across the US. When identifying site locations, the team considered factors such as proximity and strength of EV markets, distance from nearby charging locations, and natural and cultural landscape considerations. The Department of Energy’s Vehicle Technologies Office has

crunch by the mid-2020s, increasing the pressure on the raw material supply chain. What does the long-term outlook for battery raw materials mean for electric vehicle penetration, the metals supply chain and those who invest in it?

provided technical assistance that supports innovative energy saving transportation

Spot prices for lithium carbonate have fallen by just under US$7,000/t since June 2018.

projects at national park sites.

We are seeing the same weakness in the realised prices of the majors and their expectations for H1 2019. And this is in an environment where the major brine producers in South

lectric Vehicles Lack Infrastructure Despite Surging Demand.

America have failed to ramp up capacity. Clearly, the first responders to the lithium boom – Australian hard rock mines – have the capability to quickly deliver the required tonnages.

Consumer trends point to a rise in electric vehicles in the coming years. However, investing

Meanwhile, the bottleneck in Chinese conversion capacity that was supporting prices is

in the infrastructure to support battery-powered cars and hybrids has been surprisingly

giving way as China emerges as a net exporter of lithium chemicals to the region.

thin, according to multiple market participants. Driven by the government’s increased efforts to decarbonize the transport sector and consumer trends away from gas-fueled vehicles, EV grew to 890,000 in 2018 from 300,000 in 2015. Through popular cars such as the Nissan Leaf and Tesla Model S, electric vehicles are expected to account for 14% of the market by 2025.

It has only taken a few years for the battery sector to become the largest demand driver for lithium. Lithium’s use in every lithium-ion battery type means it will have double-digit annual growth, making up over 80% of total lithium demand by 2030.

installation of EV technology is too high and consumers can’t charge their vehicles at cost-

efficient levels. The end result is that utilities, best positioned to handle this, have skirted

New Delhi: German auto major Volkswagen has recently launched its ‘We Campus’ in

the issue entirely, private investment is low and state incentives are still nascent.

Berlin that will bring together around 900 experts of the company and its technology

Investors in the space are grappling with an inefficient business model where the cost of

YD and Toyota Join Forces To Develop Electric Cars And Batteries.

Asian carmakers BYD and Toyota are teaming up to develop electric cars – and the batteries to power them – with a view to bringing the jointly developed vehicles to market by 2020. The deal will see electric sedans and “low-floor” SUVs developed by the two companies, which will then be launched in China under the Toyota badge early next year. BYD (which nominally stands for “Build Your Dreams”) is one of China’s electric car makers, and no doubt Japanese carmaker Toyota hopes that the partnership will strengthen its position in what is one of the most lucrative electric car markets in the world. Toyota, which has enjoyed longstanding success in the (non plug-in) hybrid market with its Prius, Corolla and Camry, has been holding back from embracing the shift to plug-in electric vehicles.This latest deal with BYD shows at the very least another example that it is finally seeing The deal will see electric sedans and “low-floor” SUVs developed by the two companies, which will then be launched in China under the Toyota badge early next year.

lectric Vehicle Sales Are Exploding In Europe. The next two years are likely to be the tipping point for electric vehicles (EVs) going

mainstream in Europe, as the number of electric car models on the European market is set to more than triple in the next three years, Transport & Environment (T&E), Europe’s

olkswagen Launches ‘We Campus’ To Develop The E-Mobility Ecosystem.

partners at one place to work on the development of e-mobility. The automaker aims to develop new added value and mobility services that will be offered within the Volkswagen We ecosystem. This will include the fully electric car sharing service WeShare that has been launched recently in Berlin.Volkswagen recently launched its WeShare electric car-sharing service in the German capital that includes 1,500 e-Golf1 vehicles. For this service, the automaker has joined hands with Scharz. Under the strategic partnership between VW and Scharz, the WeShare fleet of electric vehicles have exclusive right to use Schwarz’s 70 plus public EV charging infrastructure overnight outside opening hours, from 11 pm to 6:30 am.

olivia, UK Keen To Engage In India E-Mobility Drive.

The South American State of Bolivia with its proven lithium resources and the United Kingdom with its technology know-how are keen to engage in the country’s electric mobility growth story. Juan Jose Cortez Rojas, Charge d’ Affairs, Head of Mission for Bolivian in India, said “lithium, a precious metal used for making lithium ion batteries is in huge demand from all over the world and India will need this as it seeks to push the electric mobility.”

leading clean transport campaign group, says in a new analysis.

“After the meetings between Presidents of India and Bolivia earlier this year, there is

According to T&E, which analyzed the upcoming offerings using data from authoritative

growing engagement between the two nations. We look forward to partnering with Indian

industry source IHS Markit, the number of EV models made across the European Union

companies and supplying lithium required for battery making,” he said.

(EU) will jump from around 60 models available at end-2018 to a total of 214 battery

Mentioning about various estimates about the known reserves of lithium in Bolivia at

electric (BEV), plug-in hybrid (PHEV), and fuel cell (FCEV) models in 2021, and further up

Electric Vehicle Summit 2019, he said Bolivian lithium reserves ranges from 50 to 70 per

to 333 models in 2025. Based on IHS Markit’s light vehicle production forecast data and in-house T&E analysis, the production of EVs in Europe is set to surge six-fold between 2019 and 2025, reaching more than 4 million cars and vans. This production volume would account more than a fifth of the EU car production volumes.

EMobility+ • June-July 2019 8

cent of global reserves . However, there have been reports of some lithium reserves in other countries too.. With lithium mining in the hands of Bolivian Government mining companies, he believes that India could look forward to sustained lithium supply as it expands the EV market.

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In Conversation

“We have always tried to offer EVs in the market with an intent of value for money product without compromising on the quality” Mr. Gautam Pal, National Corporate & Fleet Sales, Mahindra Electric

What has been your growth story during FY18 and what is the forecast for FY19? FY 19 has been quite satisfactory in terms of the volume and we have had many key deployments in electric mobility across India. Just to give you an example, we have deployed EVs in Vaishnodevi this year which is considered one of the very challenging routes and Mahindra EVs have been performing seamlessly for the past one year now. This and the various other fleet deployments brings our growth of 50% in volumes as compared to FY18 in Fleet and Institutional sales.

What is your company’s strategy for E-Mobility? M&M has a very clear strategy on EVs – to be in all segments of mobility requirements

have to be given in the true spirit of the EV adoption. Also many states are yet to release their respective EV policy, road tax isn’t exempted across India and only a handful of states gives this benefit to EV users. More incentivising can be done with free toll-ways, free and dedicated public parking for EVs, also dedicated routes in certain pockets of a city can help in making EVs chalk out its story in a larger canvas. Lastly infrastructure creation comes which many will term as a primary reason for slow adoption. Govt of India has a very clear policy in this respect as well. Almost all OMCs and Energy management cos are on board for setting up of charging stations in their fuel stations. We are also working with many of these energy players in identifying hotspots of EV operation currently and future prospects. This helps them in identifying places to set up fast chargers where there is/ will be demand. Although it will take some time but change is bound to happen.

with EVs in the coming years. We will be in a position to launch EVs both in existing platforms and new models in the near future as per the market needs and the response from the consumers, although at an opportune time when we are sure the consumers are mature enough for such kind of diversified EV offering. We will always strive to stay ahead of the competition in terms of offering the largest range of EV products in India as we are doing currently.

How do you foresee the synergy between solar industry and the EV sector. India has become one of the top renewable energy producers globally with ambitious capacity expansion plans. The country has an installed renewable energy capacity of about 80GW and is running the world’s largest renewable energy programme with plans

How does your company stand out from its competitors?

to achieve 175GW by 2022 and 500GW by 2030, as part of its climate commitments. Also

We have always tried to offer EVs in the market with an intent of value for money product

than 80% of its oil requirements and around 18% of its natural oil. With these figures and

without compromising on the quality. Our products matches the best of the specifications

the onset of electric mobility we can can very well see that the country has very clear plans

in the given price range to qualify for the FAME 2 subsidy. Also with the quality product we

to not only use cleaner means of powering electric vehicles but also secure Its energy

focus on giving our customers an unmatched service support from the extensive network

needs for future. With the creation of clean energy through solar and other renewable

of Mahindra which only gives peace of mind with a new technology. Along With these

energy sources, efforts are on to store this with the help of large lithium ion batteries so

we offer other intrinsic values like best of financing and Leasing options, AMC options,

as to suffice the energy needs in cities and semi urban areas in peak load. So I foresee that

extended warranty, driver training programmes and support programmes for Drivers like

solar industry and electric vehicle industry will grow hand in hand with the aid of clear

the Uday which gives benefits like life and accidental cover to driver partners, scholarships

directives from the Govt. for the next 10-15 years timeframe.

as the world’s third largest oil consumer, India is particularly vulnerable as it imports more

for their children etc

Recently Mahindra Electric and Blu Smart has joined Hands, How has the association been?

We will be in a position to launch EVs both

The association between Mahindra and Blusmart has been one of the remarkable ones

in existing platforms and new models in the

for both. Firstly we were able to deploy 70 Mahindra vehicles at one go, secondly we also engaged for the technical part in developing their commuter and driver app. This was a one of experiences wherein we not only deployed electric cars but were also instrumental in deploying cutting edge technology to power these cars and the business thereof. A great learning experience for both and we look forward to this kind of an intellect building

near future as per the market needs and the response from the consumers, although at

partnership for the next 500 vehicles that Blusmart has pledged to procure from us.

an opportune time when we are sure the

GOI has set a new target of 7M sales by 2020, what do you think the government should do on top priority to achieve this target?

consumers are mature enough for such kind of diversified EV offering.

I think out of all Cs – Common, connected, convenient, congestion free, charged, clean and cutting edge, the GoI should focus more on Convenient and Charging as this will give the much needed impetus to the Evs in the next 2-3 years timeframe and will give the confidence to consumers on the easy adaptability of these vehicles.

What according to you are the current bottlenecks which may impede growth for this sector?

I foresee that solar industry and electric

The EV sector has huge potential in India currently in the fleet and captive usage segment.

vehicle industry will grow hand in hand with

The major impediments in its growth is the limited availability of quality products, right incentives, little clarity of state incentives in many states and development of public charging infrastructure. Elaborating the first point on quality products there are many

the aid of clear directives from the Govt. for

manufacturers in the 3 wheeler space who don’t have certified vehicles. Also the availability of products is also very limited with only Mahindra offering their EVs to retail customers.

the next 10-15 years time frame.

Speaking on the incentive part, there is a delay in getting the subsidies from concerned state departments. Once the reimbursement of these subsidies are streamlined and is made more simpler, consumers will have a positive feedback on the adoption. Subsidies Disclaimer : All the views expressed are personal and nowhere reflects the company’s perspective.

EMobility+ • June-July 2019 9

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In Conversation

“We have established formal partnerships and investments with the likes of Siemens, HPCL and others” Maxson Lewis, Managing Director, Magenta Power

Magenta aims to setup over 450 charging by next year, What is your strategy on the same? We are ahead of plans and are targeting 500 charging points this year. I wasn’t to clarify that we are looking at charging points and not stations since there is lack of clarity yet on the definition and regulations on charging stations. For this we have put various parts of the ecosystem in place. We now have a formal distribution channel. We have deployed a participation model which allows for private individuals, entities and organisations to enrol in the charging infrastructure. And the best part is now we have established formal partnerships and investments with the likes of Siemens, HPCL and others. This allows us to solve the ecosystem issue which is what the charging infrastructure needs in India.

created and continues to create confusion and keeps players from taking a long term view. EV charging is an infrastructure play which requires business cases built on long term models and requires clarity of thought and purpose from the government side. Random points of view from government quarters destabilised those plans and puts the entire ecosystem development at risk. Another key part of the puzzle is the options of Electric vehicles currently on Indian roads. Other than a limited few (less than a handful) are real innovations, most are Chinese imports assembled in India. This has the potential to undo the user confidence which happened around 8 years ago when EVs were first launched in India. We need to support local innovations and vehicle designs lest we become a dumping ground for cheap imported EVs. We are working with like minded partners across the ecosystem in building this space.

In which areas have you planned to install EV charging stations? We are already having charging infra in Mumbai, Pune, Bangalore, Hyderabad and Chandigarh. We also have single charging points in places like Nashik, Baruch and Indore. Basis our learnings and experiences, we are taking a geocentric view and we will be focusing on specific cities. Of course, there will be ‘one off’ charging points in other cities as well. We are working with private entities like OEMs, Malls etc to participate in this initiative of supporting charging infrastructure.

Where do you see the development of electric cars in the coming years? The electric cars like mobile phones will be technology driven. We see great strides happening and necessary in 1. Battery technology and pricing 2. Vehicle Operating

The vehicles of tomorrow will be far different from what we visualize it today. Electric Vehicles is also driving efficiency (small, smart, efficient) which are made to purpose rather than big bulky vehicles which are space occupants and not really people movers.

systems 3. Shared and optimised mobility solutions Small steps and improvements are being made in battery technology and we believe there will be a great leap which will come through in this space which can change the way we think of energy storage and deployment for EVS Last but not the least, the Gen next is moving from vehicle ownership to shared options. This small but significant change in the buying behaviour will also define how the EVs are being conceptualised and designed. The vehicles of tomorrow will be far different from what we visualise it today. Electric Vehicles is also driving efficiency (small, smart, efficient) which are made to purpose rather than big bulky vehicles which are space occupants and not really people movers.

What are your views on the recent GOI target upto 7 M sales of hybrid and electric vehicles by 2020? I think the targets are required so that all efforts are guided towards that. However, we believe it will be a transition rather than a swift change. It is easy to start focussing on targets and missing the work that is required on the ground to enable that. I would rather

Small steps and improvements are being made in battery technology and we believe there will be a great leap which will come through in this space which can change the way we think of energy storage and deployment for EVS.

focus on the enablers than the numbers. Having said that, we believe these numbers are easily possible once the 6% inflection point is hit on EV adoption. The current trend and discussions in the EV space will move it swiftly. Also I believe the targets are changing given the pulls and pushes in the ecosystem. Hence it is good to keep those numbers and keep working towards it. We believe 2022 will be the year of transition towards EV in India, when the required scale in demand and supply will be reached. Till then it will be pioneers like us who will keep nudging towards that goal

What are the challenges confronting the Indian EV Charging Infra Sector? As I am famously quoted ‘Heat, Humidity, Human and Harmonics’ These are the challenges facing the Indian EV charging infra. We cannot copy paste the international solutions and expect them to succeed in India since these systems are not made to withstand Indian climatic conditions and usage patterns. We need to design and develop Indian solutions for Indian challenges, which is what Magenta Power is attempting to do.

Gen next is moving from vehicle ownership to shared options. This small but significant change in the buying behavior will also define how the EVs are being conceptualized and designed.

Another challenge is the regulatory and government intervention. There were attempts by certain sections of the government to regulate the industry even before it started. This

EMobility+ • June-July 2019 10

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In Conversation

“Our team of six work across a number of key sectors that we see as offering good prospects to grow business between India and Western Australia in both trade and investment” Mr. Bhanu Rahoni, Director, Dept of Jobs,Tourism, Science and Innovation, Government of Western Australia

Please enlighten us on your role to facilitate bilateral business relations between India and Western Australia?

Will further investments by large strategic investors and global power firms etc. will bring about change in the industry?

I am employed by the Government of Western Australia which has a small office in

Yes I think so and they might help resolve some of the constraints noted above in relation

Mumbai. Our team of six work across a number of key sectors that we see as offering

to charging infrastructure. With the right policy setting you might see institutional

good prospects to grow business between India and Western Australia in both trade and

investors who are now buying and operating toll roads look to investments they could

investment. Most of my work is related to developing business in the minerals and mining

make that would provide the necessary charging infrastructure. Global firms will also bring

sector in which Western Australia is very strong particularly in battery minerals such as

innovations and technologies to support the fantastic research and development being

lithium, cobalt and nickel. As an example of the role we play we helped an Indian company, Manikaran Power,

done locally here.

the lithium ore output in Western Australia. Manikaran and Neometals are at an early

E-Mobility technology is moving forward all the time, Is there anything that you’re looking forward to seeing happen in the next few years

stage of their study, looking for suitable sites that fit their needs such as port access and

It’s true there are so many rapid advances happening. My colleague, Peter Baldwin visited

energy supply. If feasible this would result in trade benefits for us and investment benefits

the Centre for Battery Engineering and EVs at IIT Madras recently and told me about

and battery resource supply for India. It’s very exciting, if it proceeds, it would be the first

the great research being done there by Professor Jhunjhunwala and Professor Kaur and

connect with a lithium miner called Neometals in Western Australia. This resulted in the signing of an MOU to look at the feasibility of refining lithium hydroxide in India from

lithium hydroxide refinery in India.

their team. I’d love to see more international collaborative research. Peter spoke to the

What do you think about the Indian Electric Vehicle Market? What are the steps that can be taken to accelerate its growth?

Future Battery Industries Cooperative Research Centre in Perth, Western Australia. This

It’s obviously early days for the EV market in India but clearly the potential for growth is

but Western Australia produced almost 60% of global lithium in 2018 with the world’s

massive. I think the policy steps being taken by the Indian Government are clearly positive but probably the sector is being held back by buyers concerns about the lack of charging

professors about them collaborating with researchers that will be part of the newly formed research centre was established to take advantage of Perth location at the centre of battery minerals production and processing. I don’t think many people in India know it largest lithium mine less than a three hour drive from Perth. Western Australia also ranked among the top 5 global producers for nickel, manganese, rare earths and cobalt in 2018.

infrastructure. I think Government support for the development of charging networks or developing innovative policies to encourage the private sector would help. I’m sure the people working at NITI Aayog will provide good advice to Government to ensure growth.

How different is the Indian Electric Vehicle Market from International Market?

Most of my work is related to developing

Scale, infrastructure and manufacturing capabilities are the big differences. Obviously the

business in the minerals and mining sector

main comparable market is China which can easily overcome issues such as infrastructure because of its form of governance. But China also moved quickly to ensure it had the capacity to manufacture all the necessary components and secure the basic resources for those components. For example China and most other EV manufacturing centres have cell and battery manufacturing capability and both China and the USA are investing heavily in lithium and other mines in Western Australia to secure the minerals needed for those

in which Western Australia is very strong, particularly in battery minerals such as lithium, cobalt and nickel.

batteries. I know the Indian Government has noted the need to secure lithium and other strategic minerals and has directed some state owned enterprises to look to secure them internationally. They don’t need to look far though! Your Indian Ocean neighbour, Western Australia, has all the minerals they are looking for, including Rare Earth Elements which contain niobium which is necessary for the new high tech and efficient electric motors being developed for EVs.

According to you, what steps should the government take to reform the sector? I don’t know that sector needs wholesale reform, it just needs the right support to grow. And the opportunities and benefits to India with growth in uptake and demand are enormous. We see the air pollution problems in many large cities that can be reduced with fewer ICE vehicles on the road. We see the massive import bill for hydrocarbons that can be reduced. And perhaps more importantly, particularly if as much of the vehicle as possible are manufactured here we can see the growth of exports to neighbours and beyond, but also spin offs to battery storage, greater use of renewables and new high tech research and industries in the sector with the resultant environmental and employment

India’s growth in renewable has been great and if it continues together with the rapid growth in EV use India can show many other countries the leadership needed to help reduce increases in CO2 in the atmosphere.

benefits. India’s growth in renewables has been great and if it continues together with the rapid growth in EV use India can show many other countries the leadership needed to help reduce increases in CO2 in the atmosphere.

EMobility+ • June-July 2019 11

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In Conversation

“Euclion, has the ideology of taking up challenging projects, usually the ones that are not taken up due to the technical complications and a chunk of development time involved” Mr. Akash Kaushik, CEO & Founder, Euclion Energy Kindly Enlighten us about Euclion Energy presence in India? Euclion energy is a subsidiary of Bharat Power Solutions with a heritage of more than 18 years in Li-ion Battery pack manufacturing. Since coming into existence in 2017, the prime focus has been to provide a consultative approach in customized energy solutions. We have a PAN India customer base with applications spread across 5 major sectors. Our major

Euclion energy is a subsidiary of Bharat Power Solutions with a heritage of more

presence is in EV and Energy Storage, with projects that are using proprietary solutions.

than 18 years in Li-ion Battery pack

Could you please share some insights into your core product & Service offerings?

manufacturing.

We customize Li-ion and LFP Battery packs for Ev, Energy Storage, Aerospace & Defence, Medical equipment and Industrial Usage. With over 1000+ customizations done over a period of last decade, Euclion has helped shift the debate on the technology rather than the commercial aspect of the battery packs. During the research and development phase, an indigenous technique for Thermal Management of Batteries in extreme subcontinent weather was developed. Apart from Battery packs, charging stations was another space that we ventured in to push the emerging EV drive in the country. DC Fast charging kiosk, Bharat standard DC and AC charging stations. Apart from this, before the end of the year, we’ll be coming up with a

Since coming into existence in 2017, the prime focus has been to provide a

solution for EV charging that may assist the growth of the sector.

consultative approach in customized energy

Could you please elaborate on Eucllion energy’s Bms(Battery management system?

solutions. We have a PAN India customer

Lithium ion batteries have a longer life and better safety features. To monitor the batteries performance and reliability, the Battery Management System (BMS) is used. Euclion ensures BMS’s with MPBC features, i.e, Monitoring, Protection, Balancing (Active & Passive)

base with applications spread across 5 major sectors.

and Communication. With the energy storage sector going towards MWh capacity off-grid and on-grid, which is usually on remote sites, hence, IoT enabled BMS’s are required. We design BMS, to the exact requirement for most of the projects and standard designs are used for all the standard projects that we take up. To accommodate the EV’s growth, efficient and flexible management solutions were designed to cut short the development time for every project. Bringing in telematics to translate the data into internal improvements and constant upgradation in technology to explore voltage ranges higher than 500V.

How do you plan your strategies in order to tackle the competitive market challenges? Euclion, has the ideology of taking up challenging projects, usually the ones that are not

We customize Li-ion and LFP Battery packs for Ev, Energy Storage, Aerospace & Defence, Medical equipment and

taken up due to the technical complications and a chunk of development time involved. Those projects not only help us stand out but also make us use our experience in more conventional projects. Constantly updating the technology has kept our position as the

Industrial Usage.

market leaders in customized Battery pack manufacturer. With a manufacturing capacity of 5MWh/month and expansion of 10 MWh/month, planned in the upcoming quarter we are preparing for the uproar in the market. Fame-2 has helped, certainly. Battery manufacturers are getting more attention by fleet operations along with EV manufacturers. Euclion has been working with automotive major’s to ensure that any additional energy requirements for the vehicles even the charging infra with storage options are developed under the Make in India initiative. Being a part of charging infra developers along with the energy requirements of the EV, has helped in taking the next step and be a part of market transition.

What is Euclion energy’s vision to success? Success is not a result, but a process. That being said, Euclion, has the vision to make

Constantly updating the technology has kept our position as the market

India the next manufacturing hub after China, for Li-ion batteries. We believe in delivering the latest technology with reliable quality, as the value added features. Our consultative approach towards any query, assists I having a satisfied clientele. Use of Lean manufacturing

leaders in customized Battery pack

for battery packs with preventive quality checks at various stages that ensure battery life cemented to the performance. Our ultimate goal, being totally independent of foreign battery pack supplies by developing

manufacturer.

internal manufacturing units of Li-ion cells and defined supply channels. Once done, it will translate into lower cost with elite quality and Clean energy dependence timelines managed at our end.

EMobility+ • June-July 2019 12

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Perspective

Is There An Evolution In Consumer Behaviour Towards E-Mobility? Mr. Dhivik A, CEO, Go Green BOV I personally think if we are to compare to 2015, the consumer is

right appetite for an uptake along with the technological advancements made to control

a lot aware. There surely is a great change from his perception in

various parameters of discharge this ( EVs ) seems to be in a good spot to lead over IC

the earlier days to what it is today. This shift has been important

counterparts.

mainly because of prices of Lithium Batteries dropping.

With the present set of vehicles higher energy density in cells means that we can extract

When we started in 2010 Lithium cells were priced at around

more for lesser weight which was the main reason for lead acid batteries not taking off, the

1300USD /kwh which made the end vehicles either expensive or unsafe as the technology

market dynamics are poised.

readiness curve was still low for lithium batteries. This prompted us to use Lead Acid

Consumers in India really want a value for the money they spend. They as much could be

Batteries. The biggest advantage of Lead Acid batteries was that it was priced at around 120 USD /kwh. This lead to the pricing of the product within the reach of a normal customer but a low cycle life of batteries and extremely inefficient energy density prompted people to turn down on EVs.

excited about a new fad, new gizmo which may have a 49:51 split on CG, can i swap or not swap. But in terms of sales all of this translates to what a consumer really needs. He needs a bang for his buck. And with that its quite evident that major auto OEMs will come in with expensive vehicles just to say that “HI we are here as well” but the major adoption will be in

As reports suggest, it’s not that EVs were underpowered, the right word to use was “ not

two segments. Vehicles where usage would be high and vehicles where cost would be low.

optimized” for power and performance. This was a major hurdle that Lithium Batteries

Every time a consumer calls us or what we have found in a survey that we have done is

overcame. Along the time duration as well they overcame cost barrier. Today Lead Acid is at 105USD - 107USD per Kwh whereas Lithium is at 250 USD - 290 USD per kWh ( for good quality cells ). Thus with diminishing price barrier, the market seems to have gotten the

“ I am convinced about EVs, but what’s the pricing”. This is what needs to be addressed. These are early days and there is renewed consumer interest which is only going to grow many folds in years to come.

Mr. Akash Kaushik, CEO & Founder, Euclion Energy Is There An Evolution In Consumer Behaviour Towards E-Mobility?

Environmental concern has been the prominent driving factors to encourage world

Present

governments for electric vehicle adoption to reduce carbon footprints and promote

environmental

concerns

are

encouraging

the

manufacturing and sales of Electric vehicles. Year 2018 have revolutionized the Indian manufacturers’ conception towards Electric Vehicle as best alternatives to the conventional fuel cars.

sustainable development. In India alone for FYI2019, total EV sales in India crossed the 7,50,000-units mark and reached a total of 7,59,600 units witnessing triple-digit growth (130 percent) year-on-year (YoY). Also introduction of FAME II scheme has been a major

This new emerging market has led to various strategic alliances (Tata Motors with Fiat,

factor in boosting manufacturing of EVs in India.

M&M with Ford and Renault, Bajaj Auto with Kawasaki, and TVS with Suzuki, Jaguar Land

Consumers usually see the factors such as cost and comfort which is the primary concern

Rover by Tata Motors, Ssangyong by M&M, and KTM by Bajaj Auto).

while purchasing any vehicle and relatively high cost of EVs as compared to conventional

Adoption of any Innovation by consumers is based on awareness and perception regarding

fuel based cars is one of the reasons for the slow shift toward EVs in India.

the innovation. Basic parameters affecting the consumer behavior for the adoption of EVs

Further the charging infrastructure development is the key challenge presently to slingshot

are;

the EV adoption rate in the country. After deployment of BHARAT EV Charging standards

1. Environmental Concern

there are high hopes to see better charging infrastructure in coming years.

2. Cost of the vehicle

However, having EVs on Indian roads do mark the beginning of change in the Indian market and society together to pave the way for a greener country by reducing the carbon

3. Comfort

footprints and adopting of renewable energy sources as the primary energy generation

4. Technology

sources.

5. Infrastructure

Mr. Inderjit Singh, Managing Director, Indygreen Technologies Pvt. Ltd. With this question, at first instance a popular TV ad comes to

of their existing bikes/cars to electric one and on the other hand who can afford to buy a

my mind of a consumer product “aur aaj kal kya chal raha hai”

new one; are evaluating specs/brands/cost/charging time/mileage etc.

and instead a regular reply , the one probable latest answer

Pan-India buzz of E-mobility is clear and loud enough, be it a retail consumer or intra &

would be “aajkal to E-bike aur E-rickshaw chal raha hai”. Out of

interstate public transport or a large logistic company, where over 200,000 E-vehicles are

approx. 50 calls/day coming on our board no, 45 calls are for

already on Indian roads. It’s just a matter of time for the eco-systems of sufficient charging

Lead/SMF/Lithium batteries for E-rickshaw & E-bike and these

stations access,battery swapping methods and availability, turbo chargers, reasonable

are from direct consumers than B-B calls. Therefore, undoubtedly, there is a big industrial

Govt. subsidy, local manufacturing and finally the cost coming down of end consumer.

revolution as well as tremendous customer evolution towards E-mobility nationwide. An

E-vehicles with increasing volume, it is the biggest evolution our generation would be

unauthorized E-rickshaw starting out of a last mile connectivity in a Motorised city like Delhi-NCR/Hyderabad/Mumbai etc, extending towards an un-urbanised/rural area and

experiencing in decades in automobile sector. The transition could become a reality with central government’s massive and sustained push towards a complete switch to

finally getting space in Motor Act; clearly indicates huge industry and consumer behavior

electric mobility/EESL Programs & recently announced FAME2. Centre is pushing for a full

and adaptation shift towards E-mobility. I feel another TV ad of a 4 wheeler “kitna deti hai”,

transition of three-wheelers, and scooters and motorcycles with engine capacities of less

gets a highly satisfactory reply to consumers when they drive an E-bike at 50 Paise/km or

than 150cc to electric by 2023 and 2025, respectively. More than 200 models awaiting in

less. Consumers on the one hand ,are actively looking solutions either for retrofit/upgrade

ICAT approvals and getting ready to launch; whereas retailers are specifically targeting a big consumer demand in coming Deepawali festival.

EMobility+ • June-July 2019 13

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Perspective

What Is Needed In Financial Innovation To Improve The Uptake In EV Sector? Mr. Pratik Gupta, Founder, Strom Motors With significantly lower Total Cost of Ownership (TCO), EVs are

or shared to bring down upfront costs even lower than ICE engine counterparts. Two-

already proving to be game changers in the transportation and

wheelers or a compact cars like Strom-R3 use battery packs ranging from 2-10kWh and

logistics industry across the globe. Any use case where per day

can be designed to be easily replaceable. Imagine pulling into a battery swapping center

utilization is high, EVs have become the first choice.

much like fuel-stations of today and having a trained technician swap batteries within

The simple formula to increase consumer side EV adoption is

minutes giving you another 200kms of driving range at a replacement cost of less than

to try and create business models around shared mobility where platforms can enable local sharing of vehicles. Although this is the future of personal transportation, it requires consumer behavior and mindset change which typically takes much longer than changing fuel from fossils to electric. However, we believe that there are simple solutions around this to make EVs more affordable for general public even today. Given that lithium batteries are a major portion of EV costs and are something that is a safely movable asset. Innovative financial models where consumers only pay for the vehicle shell and comforts while batteries can be leased

Rs.100. Automotive industry can learn from several other sectors where high infra and setup cost was mitigated by increasing utilization. The recent Telecom sector 4G conversion is a perfect example which has kickstarted a major revival and accelerated consumer adoption rates. As vehicle manufacturers, Strom Motors has always believed in this format and our vehicles are designed with easily accessible and swappable battery packs which are compatible with most lithium based battery manufacturers in India.

Mr. Rajeev Mishra, Managing Director, UML Lohia When We look back in history, we sometimes can’t help but

Companies and financial institutions will have to offer some innovative finance scheme.

wonder why it takes so long for some good things to happen.

Most interesting would be leasing of battery. Battery cost is almost 30%-40% of the

For those of us who are cricket mad, a big question we asked

total vehicle cost. If companies can sell vehicle without battery it will reduce the initial

on 14th July 2019 was, “Why did it take the England 44 years

ownership cost thus making it more lucrative. Battery leasing can be an additional

to win their First world cup title? The first electric car was made by Scottish inventor Robert Davidson in 1839. He couldn’t interest the automotive companies because the technology used was too expensive.

source of revenue and at the same time no burden to consumers as it may cost at par to monthly petrol bill one pay in IC vehicle.

Even today the electric vehicles remain unaffordable for the common population

Other key point is that regular vehicle leases do not work financially for electric

Compared to IC vehicles, Electric Vehicles (EVs) come with lower operating costs but

vehicles. By separating the lease from the EV Without Battery (EVwB) from the rest,

higher acquisition costs. While all the other advantages for EVs are considered buyers

this allows banks/leasing companies to finance EVwB lease or financing to be done is

are usually unable to make the move due to the high barrier of Initial ownership cost

similar and more competing terms compared to ICEVs. This also reduces the overall

and lack of understanding about life cycle savings.

financing cost as the EVwB can be more competitively financed over a shorter period

Govt has been pushing with various incentives to buyers and manufacturer. The real impetus came in 2019-20 budget wherein Import duty reduction, gst reduction announced. Income tax waver of upto 1.5 lakh on EV loan is upfront incentive . This will boost financing from the NBFC and Banks but the issue of initial high cost will remain unsolicited and deterrent to the buyers .

Long term vehicle leasing options fueled with Government incentives of reduced GST on leasing and passing the income tax benefit of up to INR1.5 lakh on paid Lease amount as offered in case of traditional financing, These measures will not only boost the sales but also give confidence to consumers.

Mr. Pankaj Tiwarr, Business Head, Avan Motors India is slowly but steadily making inroads into the electric

With this, the industry also requires enhancement in the R&D segment to ensure constant

mobility segment. As of now, the automobile sector is dominated

progression in the product portfolios of both existing and new players until the EV market

by big players, however, start-ups too have now begun to tap

becomes stable.

this segment. Unfortunately, for the new-age players in the EV

Retail financing is another concern as of now that needs to be addressed immediately.

segment, the existing dominance of giants acts as an impediment despite their potential to innovate in the electric mobility space.

However, till we see banks and lenders rolling out the same, players can leverage lease financing schemes, an alternative to retail financing, to reach out to the end customers.

The bigger challenge, however, for start-ups at present is the absence of a fresh financial

This will involve dealers or the OEMs directly absorbing the financial risk involved in the

policy for EV industry from the government. A capital incentive plan is required at the

management of funds. The model is already gaining popularity in other segments too

moment to give a fillip to the newly-entered OEMs and help them sustain in the changing

such as fleet rental and shared services in India.

environment. This will also help in establishing a quality supply chain that will eventually

Meanwhile, the Indian government’s proposal to lower the GST rate from 12% to 5% along

give customers access to competitive products at an affordable price.

with an additional income tax deduction of INR 1.5 lac on the interest paid on loans to buy

From the market perspective, dealers and suppliers that recently arrived in the EV space,

EVs is a laudable move. This will further boost consumers’ confidence and accelerate EV

call for funding to establish proper sourcing of raw materials and manage their inventories.

adoption among the Indian masses.

EMobility+ • June-July 2019 14

www.emobilityplus.com

Company Feature

Established in the year 1992 “Nuteck Power Solutions Pvt. Ltd.”, are one of the leading Manufacturer and Supplier of comprehensive range of Power Solutions & power electronic products. A Brief History

� Furthermore, constant efforts are made to establish the company as a value adding,

Established in the year 1992, we, “Nuteck Power Solutions Pvt. Ltd.”, are one of the leading Manufacturer and Supplier of comprehensive range of Power Solutions & power electronic products. Our product range caters to the Industrial Automation & Home Automation sector. Our client vertical is spread across various market segments like Gensets, Elevators, Electric Vehicles, Switches, Lighting, etc.

strategic and a life time supplier

Mission Statement � To build upon the strength of each team member. � To continually improve our products, services and processes.

What The Company Does

� To produce quality products for varying electronics industries.

We’re mainly engaged in the manufacture of power electronic products. These act as a

Our motto is to be the most reliable partner for our customers. We want our customers to

stabilizing force between the input power & output power. Impurities that are generated

believe that With Nuteck you find “your reliable partner”.

in the input power like surge, ripple, etc. our products don’t let these pass down to the output power, thereby preventing power losses, short circuits, etc.

Business Goals & Objectives

All our products are manufactured as per highest quality norms, with many of our

We’re keen on solidifying our presence in the power sector by increasing our market

customers being MNCs, in all our product markets.

presence both domestically & globally. With our range of power electronic designs, our

Our diversification into EV chargers marks our entry into the B2C space, with our solutions

quality systems in place, Nuteck belives in partnering with customers in the power sector

for 2W & 3W users, we are working towards establishing an EV charging ecosystem that

to enhance a better usage for their products by eliminating the issue of power fluctuations.

reduces the customers’ worry of range anxiety of their EV. Our USP for EV chargers lies in keeping the product simple to understand & use, easy to handle & easy to carry.

List Company’s Products & Services A - Battery chargers, surge protection devices, over voltage protectors, SMPS, EV chargers, USB chargers, LED drivers, DC-DC converters.

Vision Statement: � In an era where customer satisfaction is pivotal, we aim to exceed customer expectations by carrying out continuous improvements in the quality system

EV Charger Manufacturers

Ambitious projects (if any) Battery swapping stations, charging stations, wireless charging dock for phones, tabs.

"Your Reliable Partner" Partner Banake Toh Dekho!

Led Indications For Charging Fast Charging For Li-ion Batteries Built In Switch To Kickstart The Battery When Its In Deep Discharge Mode 100% Made In India Charger - Meets Government's Norms For Localization For EV

48V 40A, 60V 30A, 72V 30A

48V 10A,60V 10A

48V 25A

Charging Solutions For EV Scooters & Autos

e www.nuteckpowersolutions.com EMobility+ • June-July 2019 15

Rohit Doultani

9552545008 www.emobilityplus.com

Perspective

Future Growth Plans Of Charging Infrastructure for Electric Vehicles Mr. Rajeev YSR, Head - Strategy, Gati-KWE

Charging Infra Dense availability of charging stations is highly critical for the success of EVs and hence Government is encouraging the establishment of the same through multiple initiatives. With our presence in 600+ cities, we can leverage our spread in establishing

Hyderabad and Chennai by this year end. We are also identifying a few key corridors such as – Ahmedabad – Baroda, Surat – Ahmedabad, Mumbai – Pune etc to cater the needs of STOs promoting Electric buses.

Way forward

the charging stations. We are already in discussion with major charging infra players in the

We are entering multiple business models agreements of revenue sharing / real estate

country and are aiming to establish charging stations across Delhi, Mumbai, Bangalore,

sharing etc. The exact business model would soon be framed.

Mr. Piyush Gupta, Founder & CEO, Lithion Power Pvt. Ltd. To accelerate EV adoption in India, it is pertinent that conventional

However, for the aforesaid models to run successfully, it is crucial that supporting intelligent

charging and battery swapping be adopted in parallel, with

telematics technology be developed and introduced into the ecosystem. For instance,

conventional charging being primarily consumer-driven and

telematics can help identify in real time, when an EV completes charging and prompt the

battery swapping to be focused on fleet operators. This practice of combined development has helped China accelerate its EV growth & become today as one of the fastest growing and the largest markets of EVs in the world. In the Chinese city of Haikou alone, more than 2500 electric taxis today run

charging station to send notifications to EVs nearby of the vacant slot available, if they are running low on charge. Moreover, it can help fleet owners track battery status of each vehicle to accord them, the decision making capability of swapping the battery packs at the right time, taking into consideration the nearest swapping stations and battery health. Further, increased use of smart telematics can help lower range anxiety by providing the

successfully on the battery swapping model while most of the consumer oriented vehicles

driver, information about the state of charge, distance that can be covered, the location

sold there, use the conventional charging model.

of nearest charging stations and availability of charged batteries at that charging station.

Mr. Chandan Mundhra, Founder & CEO, Savë Electric Vehicle Charging stations are to Electric vehicles as Fuel stations are to conventional vehicles. Just the the sufficient presence of Fuel stations makes us so dependent on gas guzzling vehicles that we ignore the negative effects of it and fear from switching to EVs for range anxiety. This emphasizes the importance of infrastructure for the EV ecosystem. Again its a chicken and egg situation that which should come first, the vehicle or the infra but it can be made a reality by identifying immediate users of EVs and starting to create infra around them which will

India will witness a steep rise of commercial EVs (erickshaw/eautos) and personal mobility (ebikes) in the coming years. An economical charging solution needs to be in place to meet the charging requirements of the 3 wheeler operators. Vacant plots, unused public spaces, petrol pumps etc can be utilized for setting up charging infrastructure. For individual users residential societies must provision charging points at basements, parking areas etc. More cleaner source of power generation and adequate amount of power supply will be an enabler in boosting the EV Ecosystem.

build a successful business case and lead to its expansion.

EMobility+ • June-July 2019 16

www.emobilityplus.com

Product Feature

The Bühler fully continuous mixing process for LIB electrode slurry production meets the needs for large scale battery manufacturing Introduction Billions of people come into contact with Bühler technologies to cover their basic needs for food and mobility every day. Two billion people each day enjoy foods produced on Bühler equipment; and one billion people travel in vehicles manufactured with parts produced with our machinery. Countless people wear eye glasses, use smart phones, and read newspapers and magazines, all of which depend on Bühler process technologies and solutions. Having this global relevance, we are in a unique position to turn today’s global challenges into sustainable business. We want every human being to have access to healthy food. We want to do our part to protect the climate with energy-efficient cars, buildings, and machinery. Our motto is creating “innovations for a better world.” Bühler invests up to 5% of turnover into research and development. In 2018, over 13,000 employees generated a turnover of CHF 3.3 billion. As a Swiss family-owned company, Bühler is active in in 140 countries around the world and operates a global network of 30 production sites.

Featured Product: Lithium-ion batteries Bühler provides innovative solutions for crucial process steps in the production of lithiumion battery cells. The revolutionary electrode slurry manufacturing process using extrusion technology offers significantly lower costs for large-scale production.

Product Introduction: Wet grinding processes for active materials Correct preparation of the electrode active materials is the basis for high-performance lithium-ion batteries. With outstanding wet grinding equipment and extensive expertise in nanoparticle processing, Bühler enhances the conversion of these materials. The Cenomic™ full-volume bead mill and the MicroMedia™ high-performance bead mill are both characterized by high energy efficiency, ease of use, robustness and reliability in continuous operation.

Electrode slurry production Bühler offers various production technologies for electrode slurries. For small and medium sized production, the batch and quasi-continuous processes including FILMIX are used. For this, Bühler relies on its well-established cooperation with PRIMIX. For larger scales, Bühler has developed a fully continuous mixing process based on proven extrusion technology.

Technology Specifications The Bühler fully continuous mixing process for LIB electrode slurry production meets the needs for large scale battery manufacturing.

Continuous mixing technology The continuous mixing process is based on a twin-screw mixer which combines the basic operations of continuous raw material dosing, pre-mixing, kneading, fine-dispersing and de -gassing in a single device. In a conventional batch mixing system, the process comprises two steps. First, the addition

Continuous inline monitoring of critical process parameters (flow rates, temperatures,

of pre-weighted liquid and solid components followed by subsequent distribution of the

pressure) traceability and enhanced process control

solid components in the liquid phase. In order to achieve the required homogeneity at

Intelligent inline monitoring and control of product parameters by quality control expert

macroscopic and microscopic level, several hours of process time are typically needed.

system QuaLiB™

On the other hand, the continuous mixing process consists of controlled continuous

Significant reduction of number of production lines due to high productivity.

dosing of all liquid and solid components and micro distribution of the solid particles in the liquid phase. Since a large part of the mixing work is performed by continuous dosing of the raw materials, the residence time in the continuous mixer is typically less than one minute.

Technology Advancements Fully automated operation of raw material dosing (powders and liquids), mixing, dispersing and degassing higher recipe accuracy and enhanced process control

EMobility+ • June-July 2019 17

Significant lower investment cost, up to 60% less compared to conventional batch mixing!

Targeted/ Benefited Customer Segment: Large/medium scale Lithium Ion battery cell manufacturers

Price/ Cost Range (Optional) Product Photograph: Battery Plant

www.emobilityplus.com

Industry Industry Insights Insights

Why EV battery Life Cycle is more important than battery life? With global EV sales (Passenger vehicles) anticipated to touch a million by 2025, the question of how to deal with an increasing stockpile of EV batteries is set to become a very urgent one, from both a commercial and environmental

Developing a used battery market presents a

point of view. Managing the battery life cycle effectively is potentially the key to the future of EVs. Battery life cycle management is a huge emerging opportunity Mr. Som Kapoor

Partner, Automotive, EY

that could solve the issue of how to stop EV batteries ending up as expensive and toxic landfill waste. However, making the most of the opportunity will require new levels of collaboration within not only the battery manufacturing,

automotive, utilities, and metals and mining sectors, but also R&D institutes and the start-

major opportunity for industry participants to create new assets, access valuable new revenue streams, secure supplies of raw

up community. Developing a used battery market presents a major opportunity for industry participants to create new assets, access valuable new revenue streams, secure supplies of raw materials

materials and drive EV use.

and drive EV use. Itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s a critical aspect of the future viability of EVs and will be a major competitive differentiator for those that drive the market as opposed to those that sit on the sideline. Automakers are looking at various approaches to harness the opportunities presented by the emerging value chain. These range from establishing in-house energy businesses, to developing a three-stage circular economy model for their batteries with partnerships covering reuse and recycle applications. Companies must identify and develop suitable commercial partners, whether they be small innovative start-ups or large established corporates. And, they shouldnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t forget to

Automakers

are

looking

various

approaches to harness the opportunities

invest in the future through cross-sector industry and academic R&D collaborations. Although it is still early on in terms of the widespread industry application of battery life cycle management, the number of these initiatives will only increase. They will also become more integrated and scalable as new markets and players evolve.

presented by the emerging value chain. These range from establishing in-house

With global EV sales (Passenger vehicles)

energy businesses, to developing a three-

anticipated to touch a million by 2025, the

stage circular economy model for their

question of how to deal with an increasing stockpile of EV batteries is set to become a very urgent one.

EMobility+ â&#x20AC;˘ June-July 2019 18

batteries with partnerships covering reuse and recycle applications.

www.emobilityplus.com

Industry Industry Insights Insights

Electric vehicles and the Environment Evs have no direct or combustion emissions. Including indirect or upstream emissions

air in urban areas is not achievable with usage of diesel vehicles. Evs also have significantly

caused by energy production and distribution, Evs still perform far better in terms of GHG

lower noise levels especially during the start and stop process, and at low speeds where

emissions even if the electric grid is highly powered by fossil fuel. The Asian countries with

engine noise dominates.

the largest GHG impact when using Evs are those with a high share of renewable electricity production such as Armenia, Bhutan, Georgia, the Kyrgyz Republic, the Lao People’s

The impact on GHG reductions will be far higher by deploying commercial Evs instead of

Democratic Republic, Nepal, and Tajikistan, while countries with a high carbon factor in

private units due to higher fuel usage, higher mileage, and longer life span of commercial

electricity production such as India, Indonesia, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, and Turkmenistan

vehicles. Replacing one urban diesel bus with an electric unit has the same impact as

will only result in limited GHG reductions by deploying Evs.

replacing 35 fossil fuel passenger cars or 300 motorcycles. Therefore, a focus on commercial

GHG emissions also result from the production of vehicles and their components,

vehicles maximizes the emission impact.

specifically in the case of Evs from batteries. The impact of GHG emissions caused by battery production is reduced because Ev batteries can be used for stationary applications

ABD Asian Development Bank

after terminating their useful life span on the vehicle.

GROUP

Also, Evs save on vehicle manufacturing-related emissions, due to less usage of materials used for engine manufacturing, less or no usage of oils and lubricants, and a longer life span of the

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(depending on the electric grid). In all cases, even if including all upstream and downstream emissions, Evs will result in significant GHG

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reductions if the grid factor is below 0.8 kilogram of carbon dioxide equivalent emission per kilowatt-hour (kgCO2e/kWh). Evs not only reduce GHG emissions, but also reduce local pollutants, including particulate matter, nitrogen oxide, and sulfur dioxide. The

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EMobility+ • June-July 2019 19

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Perspective

What Are The New Business Opportunities In India’s EV Charging Industry? Mr. PM Singh Vice President, Exicom Tele-Systems Limited Electric car servicing garage

Charging Station Setup Training Service

Electric car service is entirely different from internal combustion

Electric car charging station setup training center can be started to teach EV charging

engine vehicle service. Electric motor repair, Inverter repair etc.

station service. Charging station setup training service shall be started along with charging

would be part of the servicing garage

EV Charging Station Another electric car related business opportunity is EV charging station. Electric car charging stations can be developed and installed as per the standards accepted in the area where it is installed. Home based charging stations, private charging stations are other opportunities in electrical car related business.

EV Charging Station Management

station repair business.

Spare Parts Manufacturing/selling Electric vehicle and Electrical vehicle charger spare parts manufacturing or selling is another business that can be started. It’s also good to sell spare parts after importing from the manufacturing units

Electric car battery shop Battery replacement is necessary in electric vehicles in almost 5 to 10 years. Electric car battery sales shop would be profitable venture as the number EVs increases.

EV charging station management and repair would be a profitable business. If number of charging stations increase, the possibilities to start and run a complete charging station

Mobile Electric Cars Repair Services

management is high. A group of different charging stations might be installed together

Electric car repair stations that can be availed at the location where the car brakes down

and localized repair and maintenance would be the best solution

would be helpful. The person who knows electric car repair can easily start the business and promote the business through advertisements.

Electrical work shop for electrical vehicle Electrical work shop to repair and do electrical related work on electric car is a good

Portable Charging Station

business. Electrical motor, circuits etc. would be parts covered by the workshop

Electric car charging stations are not available all places. There is a place for portable

Home Charging Station Setup Service

with other businesses.

Level 1 chargers are generally available with the electric vehicle. But Level 2 chargers are

Solar charging station installation centre

not always available. But they are necessary to fast charge electric car. A home charging stations setup service can be started as a business.

charging station to charge electric cars at emergencies. The business can be started along

Electric vehicle charging station that uses energy from sun is a solution for high electricity demand of charging stations. Installation of solar based home, or private charging stations require expertise. There is a good business opportunity.

Mr. Nilesh Bhoir, Founder, HRE-EV At this moment, there are numerous business opportunities for building EV Charging stations as it becomes income source once complete setup is done. Few business opportunities that have recently popped up are listed below…. 1. Central government announced Rs. 6 per KW. Finding a location, getting the rate from DISCOM and consulting for setting up EV charging station can be great business opportunity.

EMobility+ • June-July 2019 20

2. Chargers prices have been reduced due to lower GST. This is extra factor that will helps to reduce the setup cost. 3. Setting up fast charging station along with android or IOS app is the key in getting first to market. Few guys have already done this and in process of expanding, and there is lot of room to expand.

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Industry Industry Insights Insights

Hybrid Electric Vehicles & Increasing Popularity

Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) are becoming increasingly popular. HEVs are more efficient than conventional vehicles due to regenerative braking, shutting off the internal combustion engine (ICE) during idling, and due to having two sources of onboard power allowing the ICE to be operated near its peak efficiency more often. Based on the US Environmental Protection Agency, hybrid passenger cars reduce fuel consumption by 25%–30%.The Vincentric study compared directly hybrid with non-hybrid passenger cars of the same make or model and also shows an average of around 25% improvement in fuel consumption. Heavy-duty vehicle (HDV) hybrids are basically buses, with very few hybrid trucks in operation. For buses, the major application is urban buses as the best performance, emission reductions, and cost savings of hybrids generally occur when the energy storage system is fully utilized (i.e., cycles with frequent starts and stops, low speeds, and idling as typically prevalent in urban circumstances). The average fuel saving of hybrid buses is 20%–25% compared to conventional buses. Differences between cities are basically due to bus types and brands, driving conditions of cities, and different hybrid systems. While hybrid vehicles do have important energy savings, they still operate with fossil fuel engines and can only reduce 20%–30% of emissions. Hybrids today can already be financially profitable for high-mileage vehicles. However, hybrids are largely conceived as an intermediate technology toward full electrification.

Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) are vehicles with a larger battery than HEVs and can be plugged in to recharge the vehicle battery. The fuel savings and emission reductions

Battery Electric Vehicles BEVs are full EVs including a battery or capacitor as well as an electric engine. A wide array of different vehicle technologies exists, e.g., in the case of electric buses, from electric trolleybuses to opportunity charge and battery electric buses (BEBs).

Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles Like conventional batteries, fuel cells are electrochemical devices that generate electricity directly by separating positive and negative charges. A fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) uses a hydrogen fuel cell as the power source for the drive wheels, sometimes augmented with batteries or a super capacitor. Like BEVs, these vehicles have zero tailpipe emissions, but potentially emissions from the production and distribution of hydrogen. Hydrogen can be produced from various sources, including fossil fuels, biomass, and electrolysis of water with electricity. The environmental impact and energy efficiency of hydrogen depends on how it is produced. The most common forms are: � Natural gas reforming : Synthesis gas, a mixture of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and a small amount of carbon dioxide, is created by reacting natural gas with steam at a high temperature. Carbon monoxide is reacted with water to produce additional hydrogen. This method is the cheapest, most efficient, and most common. � Electrolysis : An electric current divides water into hydrogen and oxygen. Power-tohydrogen projects are taking off, where excess available renewable electricity is used to make hydrogen. Typically, in electrolysis around 50 kWh of electricity are required to produce 1 kg of hydrogen.

from PHEVs are largely dependent on the percentage of annual mileage driven in electric mode, which again is partially dependent on how frequently PHEVs are plugged in. For passenger cars, studies conducted to determine the total share of mileage in electric mode show huge variations with a 2015 Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research (TNO) study in the Netherlands showing as little as 20%–30% of total mileage in electric mode while other studies performed in Norway (by the Institute of Transport Economics in 2016), Germany (by the Fraunhofer Institute for Systems Innovation Research in 2014), and the U showed 70%–80% of total mileage in electric mode. A recent ADB study conducted in 18 cities in the People’s Republic of China (PRC) with a plug-in hybrid bus fleet of more than 10,000 units revealed that plug-in hybrid buses are not regularly recharged from the grid. Average fuel savings of plug-in hybrids are identical to same-size conventional hybrids in every city. Plug-in hybrid buses are not plugged in as they are equipped with a small battery size, typically 25 kilowatt-hour (kWh) for a 12-meter (m) bus, which reduces the advantage of recharging, operational complexities in recharging buses, and limited energy cost savings. Bus operators purchase plug-in hybrids instead of conventional hybrids due to plug-in hybrids being heavily subsidized while

HEVs are more efficient than conventional vehicles due to regenerative braking, shutting off the internal combustion engine (ICE) during idling, and due to having two sources of on board power allowing the ICE to be operated near its peak efficiency more often.

subsidies for conventional hybrids were phased out. In conclusion, the actual impact and cost-effectiveness of PHEVs is therefore difficult to estimate. ABD Asian Development Bank

EMobility+ • June-July 2019 21

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Perspective

Key Hurdles in Creating EV Charging Infrastructure in India Mr. Ravindra Mohan Director (Strategy & EVSE), TecSo Charge Zone (P) Limited Imagine driving an electric vehicle whose battery levels drops to low and associated anxiety. Then joy of finding a charging station just up ahead. For EVs to truly succeed, we need to ensure the latter scenario in real life. To create Public Charging Infra network which meets the above expectation, hurdle is availability of following information: � Type of charging infra to be set-up – Standard AC or DC Charger or Battery Swap Station depending upon class of vehicle (2W/3W/4W) and OEMs � Availability of adequate Grid Power - one needs to know power level available, Time of the Day charging strategy of local DISCOM

� Charging time strategy – location where vehicles will be parked - Home, Work place, Commercial Parking areas (Multiplexes, Parking lots, Restaurants etc.) � Need for regulation pan India - EV Policy, Tariff Rate, Capacity Charges & Electricity Duty to be notified by each state � Last but not least … population of EVs using Li-ion batteries in each type of vehicles to be collated to decide on numbers of EVSEs’ Creation of a nodal body (an NGO or Govt. or industry sponsored) is required to analyse be a knowledge centre to provide at city level, the effects on voltage, current, energy production, transmission and distribution schemes, road traffic density, emission level and parking space requirements and guide civic authority and private players for optimal location of charging infra.

Mr. PM Singh Vice President, Exicom Tele-Systems Limited EV Charging infrastructure is a new development in India.

4. Charging Infrastructure Specifications: The charging station infrastructure specifications

Through my person experience with Indian market and existing

are still not defined clearly in terms of Number of chargers, Type of chargers etc. which

infrastructure, I tried to write down five major hurdles.

has created more confusion.

1. Cost of setting Infrastructure: The cost of establishing these

5. Weak network for Management system: The charging stations are supposed to be

charging infrastructures is quite high and the financial return only

communicating with a central server throughout its operation, but at certain areas

from charging seems unviable in the long. 2. Running Cost: Charging cars require fixed space and an individual for maintenance of the charger and space. This cost becomes a major issue as it makes the station finance

and locations chargers are not able to communicate with the server because of weak network or no available network. 6. Deficiency of skilled workers: EVs have higher servicing costs and higher levels of skills is needed for servicing. India lacks the dedicated training courses for such skill

unviable. 3. Ceiling on Tariff: The government has imposed certain restrictions on the per unit

development.

price that can be charged to the customer. This makes the condition worse for Charger owners.

Mr. Nilesh Bhoir, Founder, HRE-EV As we have seen during past few years, electric vehicle market seems to be slowly growing due to reduced battery prices and government subsidy programs. However there is always a question that comes to mind, what if I am out of juice. And due to this reason, people who drive EV’s avoid long distance travel. Plus creating EV charging infrastructure in India has issues from day one and few of them are listed below. a. Higher real estate cost for charging station.

EMobility+ • June-July 2019 22

b. Electricity rates higher. c. No common methodology developed for charging. d. Not enough electric vehicles sold to develop large number of charging stations, unless government takes initiative and builds them. e. Major automobile manufacturer just wants to build electric vehicles, but forgets that without enough charging stations, people won’t be interested in buying EV’s. f. Uncertain future, changing battery technologies also an issue.

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Industry Industry Insights Insights

Realizing India’s Electric Dream

The automotive industry is experiencing unprecedented tech-intensity The automotive industry is facing a wave of unprecedented opportunity. New technology and services are opening doors to innovative business models and processes that disrupt and transform the entire automotive ecosystem. Consumers are progressively choosing convenient, cost-effective, on-demand mobility services like carsharing, ride-hailing, and mobility-as-a-service (MaaS). These shared mobility business models are challenging the status quo by providing viable alternatives to personal vehicle ownership. Furthermore, automakers are increasingly confronted with

Add to this, the Automotive Industry Standard 140 (AIS 140) which is a set of standards published by ARAI (Automotive) for vehicle tracking system, camera surveillance system, and emergency request button. Our view is that to bring all of these bold initiatives together to create sustainable outcomes, India needs to embrace technology platforms that can help her execute on the mission of e-mobility, engage customers in innovative ways that make a difference to their life and work, empower the multiple ecosystem players and providers and create new partnerships that will underpin the realization of India’s electric dream

direct competition from other ecosystem participants who are taking on similar roles in

Microsoft is enabling Smart Mobility Services

rental, leasing, transporting, and vending. What the industry needs are trusted partners

Digitization leads to new revenue streams and opportunities through smart transportation.

and platforms that will help instill superior technology processes while guiding them

Smart mobility services are disrupting the way people, goods, and fleets move. These

through this foundational overhaul

mobility services leverage cloud and IoT technology to provide superior fleet management capabilities.

Transforming mobility Experiences

Microsoft enables greater efficiency and reliability with Azure IoT and location intelligence

The next phase of transportation will be defined by connected vehicles and smart mobility

services (Our partnership with Tom Tom and Moovit with Azure Maps) . Azure IoT

services. In-vehicle connectivity is reshaping consumer experiences and expectations of mobility. Drivers desire customized features that remain consistent between applications,

transportation solutions are built on the Azure cloud platform, using both the Microsoft Connected Vehicle Platform and Azure Maps, and track, manage and monitor connected

vehicles, and across multiple points of contact with an automotive brand. Connectivity also

vehicles in real-time.

enables smart mobility services that support new business models and revenue streams.

Additionally, services for reducing range anxiety through electric grid monitoring and

These services leverage IoT technologies that collect, analyze, and interpret data in real-

insights helps optimize both the Vehicle and Infrastructure (V2I)

time, helping improve services, user experience, and design processes. When vehicles are

For Electric Fleet Owners the needle must shift to better asset utilization, ensuring

integrated with scalable, secure and flexible cloud platform architecture, service providers

predictability in performance and impacting the mobility experience of the end consumer

can launch geo-enabled services with ease.

in a way that she wants to come back for more.

India is embracing a new future through electric mobility The National Electric Mobility Mission Plan 2020 is one of the most important and ambitious initiatives undertaken by the Government of India that has the potential to bring about transformative shifts in the automotive and transportation industry in the country. The Government of India has been intentional in implementing e-mobility in India, and very recently the Finance Ministry has approved a Niti Ayog plan to subsidize manufacturing of batteries for electric vehicles and mobile phones. The Expenditure Finance Committee under the Ministry has given an approval for the Think Tank’s plan for creating a 50 GWh (Giga-Watt-Hours) battery capacity - an investment of Rs. 700 crores. Conservative estimates show that India would need 600 GWh for 10 years starting 2020. Under the FAME 2 (Faster Adoption and Manufacturing of Hybrid and Electric Vehicles) Scheme, the government has announced an outlay of ₹10,000 crore for FAME 2 to boost

Our view is that to bring all of these bold initiatives together to create sustainable outcomes, India needs to embrace a technology platform that can help her execute on the mission of e-mobility, empower the multiple ecosystem players and providers and create new partnerships that will underpin the realization of India’s electric dream.

the number of electric vehicles in India. ₹1,000 crore has been earmarked for setting up charging stations for electric vehicles in India.

EMobility+ • June-July 2019 24

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Industry Industry Insights Insights Microsoft’s Connected Mobility Platform is driving trust and impact globally

Figure 1: Microsoft's Key Engagements in Automotive

Microsoft supports automotive organizations in their digital transformational journey by providing leading-edge infrastructure, platforms and services to help them create a sustainable mobility ecosystem, leveraging the Microsoft Connected Vehicle Platform A range of customer success stories indicate the potential of Microsoft solutions and business outcomes across different phases of the automotive value chain.

The guiding tenets of our Approach Flexibility and control Through our discussion with incumbents in the automotive space, we’ve learned that flexibility and control are essential. With that in mind, the platform is not an in-vehicle operating system or a finished product—it is a living, agile platform that supports and enables automakers’ unique offerings.

Openness OEMs are free to use hardware and software from their preferred providers, integrate with pre existing solutions, and add in specialized third-party capabilities in areas like in-vehicle security.

Support for ongoing technology evolution The platform is designed to incorporate the latest technologies as they develop, ensuring that connected vehicle solutions stay up-to-date.

Consistency Today, an OEM may have multiple solutions in the market that are differentiated by region, brands, and model years, leading to mounting operational costs and complexity as these solutions are maintained.

“Today we are deploying a vehicle connectivity platform that will transform the digital experience for customers of Renault, Nissan, and Mitsubishi. Through our collaboration with Microsoft, we are introducing the most powerful and far reaching connected vehicle platform. Leveraging the size and scale of the Alliance, we have built an intelligent cloud platform that sets the pace for our industry,” – Kal Mos, Global Vice President of Alliance Connected Vehicles at Renault-Nissan-Mitsubishi

Trusted partnership & Security Microsoft is not looking to get into the business of making automobiles. Our strategy is to complement automotive firms and not to compete with them.

Trusted partnership Microsoft is not looking to get into the business of making automobiles. Our strategy is to complement automotive firms and not to compete with them. OEMs retain full ownership and control of their data and their brand

OEMs retain full ownership and control of their data and their brand. Microsoft

Security, Compliance and Privacy

ensures pervasive security through a single

Microsoft’s cloud meets a broad set of international standards and compliance requirements.

approach to security on the edge and in the

Microsoft is fully committed to protecting the privacy of customer information. We are excited about the future of mobility in India and are committed to partner with OEMs. players, provider, partners and the Government of India to realize India’s electric dream

cloud across all of the services going to the vehicle, based on data from the vehicle and distributed to consumers of those vehicles – this apart from a slew of certifications for

Microsoft

supports

organizations

automotive their

world class security.

digital

transformational journey by providing leading-edge infrastructure, platforms and services to help them create a sustainable mobility ecosystem MR. R R Dasgupta

MS. Tara Prakriya

Chief Digital Advisor –

General Manager and Co-Head

Automotive & Mobility Microsoft India

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of Azure IoT Mobility group Microsoft- Redmond

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Industry Industry Insights Insights

Udaipur: Electric Rickshaws Udaipur Based on the 2011 census, Udaipur has a population of around 450,000.157 Around 10,000

financially attractive enough to be taken up without further incentives by some rickshaw owners despite the technical disadvantages and environmental risks.

different sized and basically diesel rickshaws account for a large part of public transport due

Higher-powered lithium-ion e-rickshaws, while not yet popular in India, can become an

to lack of a robust bus-based public transport system. In 2013, GHG transport emissions

alternative and fare better against conventional rickshaws in power and load capacity,

(WTW, including black carbon) in the city were around 120,000 tCO2e of which rickshaws

and also less environmental hazards concerning battery recycling. However, to have a

represent 24%. By 2030, under a business as-usual scenario, GHG emissions are expected

significant GHG impact, these should be charged through renewable local energy sources,

to increase to around 380,000 tCO2e. The city also suffers from increased pollution levels

e.g., off-grid solar photovoltaic systems. To enhance driving range, battery swap systems

due to diesel vehicles.

or higher-powered fast chargers will be required. Also, the quality and after-sales service of these lithium-ion e-rickshaws need to be improved. In terms of costs, these can become

Electric Rickshaws for Udaipur The Udaipur Municipal Corporation plans to transform its rickshaw fleet by introducing e-rickshaws and restricting the growth of diesel- and gasoline-based units. With assistance by the Capacities project funded by the Swiss Development Cooperation, a pilot project with 18 e-rickshaws from which the following data is derived. Low-powered e-rickshaws with lead-acid batteries, used in most Indian cities, have significant disadvantages in carrying capacity, power, and speed, especially in hilly conditions such as in Udaipur. Higher-powered versions with lithium-ion batteries are available, albeit at a higher cost. Lithium-ion batteries create less environmental problems and hazards with recycling, have a longer life span, and can be charged faster. Technical and environmental advantages therefore clearly point toward usage of e-rickshaws with lithium-ion batteries. Due to the high grid factor, the GHG reduction (WTW) is only 12% of e-rickshaws compared to diesel units, i.e., alternative sources of electricity production are important. The GHG impact can be significantly enhanced by using solar charging stations, a technology which can be combined well with e-rickshaws. This would increase the annual GHG reduction of

a viable alternative with slightly higher total cost of ownership than conventional units — however, the charging structure required, including potentially a battery swapping scheme as well as high battery replacement costs and higher initial CAPEX, would very much favor a fleet approach based on, for example, leasing vehicles to owners. This would also allow for financing with lower interest rates as well as facilitate access to subsidy schemes for individual rickshaw owners. Aggregators could also help enforce improved after-sales service and higher quality products due to being high-volume buyers, who can push manufacturers toward providing high-quality units An interesting approach with a significant environmental and social potential could be to work with aggregators who lease lithium-ion high-quality rickshaws, put up a charging network based on solar photovoltaic systems combined with battery swap systems, charging their clients a fixed daily fee plus a battery swap fee. Aggregators would also realize the financial structuring and collect subsidies as well as other possible incentives. Such as system can be financially sustainable if put up sufficiently large in size from the start to ensure a good charging network and a financially sustainable relation between e-rickshaws and charging facilities.

a fleet of e-rickshaws in Udaipur from 850 tCO2e to nearly 6,000 tCO2, i.e., around 5% of the annual GHG emissions from the transport sector in Udaipur could be reduced. Annual electricity required is less than 8,000 MWh which is marginal for the city of Udaipur. However, there are concerns over increased peak-load which could be resolved through solar charging systems. In financial terms, e-rickshaws are excluded from subsidies making them slightly more expensive than diesel units; including the current government subsidy would make e-rickshaws at par or even slightly less expensive than diesel units.158 E-rickshaws, however, require battery replacement every 2 years, i.e., significant CAPEX investments which require financial planning by rickshaw owners or a system based on leased batteries. The major barriers to widespread adoption of e-rickshaws include: � Grid capacity is limited and authorities are afraid of additional peak load. This could be resolved through smart charging and battery swap offers, or charging with solar systems without putting an increased load on the grid. � The driving range of current models is around 50 km without charge, which potentially limits the income of e-rickshaw drivers. This can be resolved by battery swap systems and/or with fast chargers to reduce battery charging time (currently at 4 hours using 1 kilowatt chargers) � Reliability of lithium-ion rickshaws is still low with full discharges experienced frequently. This is because majority of e-rickshaws in India are still using lead-acid batteries, with limited options and thereby experience with lithium-ion units � The low power of e-rickshaws results in slower driving speeds compared to conventional units. This contributes to the perception that slow-moving e-rickshaws increase traffic congestion. Higher-powered e-rickshaws can help overcome this problem, but requires higher costs (increased vehicle and battery cost plus increased electricity usage). � While subsidies are theoretically available, drivers in Delhi, for example, report that it is very difficult to access the subsidy fund and only 1% of the drivers actually obtained the incentive.

Conclusions E-rickshaws used currently in India are basically low-cost, low-power lead-acid units with a short battery life span of 6 months to 1 year, with significant disadvantages in speed, power, load capacity, and driving range when compared to conventional units, while also creating potential health and environmental hazards with battery recycling. These are ABD Asian Development Bank

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