Sustainable Entrepreneurship via Origami by Solidarity Tracks Lefkada

EN TR EPR EN EU RS HIP

SUSTAINABLE

Learning about

ORIGAMI

via

BETA version 1

Content Introduction Chapter I

General Concepts about Sustainable Entrepreneurhip

CONTENT

Definition of Sustainable Developement The Sustainable Development principles Why sustainability? The importance of sustainable Education

Sustainable Entrepreneurship Definition, Characteristics and Motives of Sustainable Entrepreneurs

Chapter II

Learning about sustainable entrepreneurship via Origami

Definition and historical development of Origami technique What? Why? How? Economical aspect: Possibilities of the Origami Art in Businesses Ecological aspect: Origami makes us â&#x20AC;&#x153;Think Greenâ&#x20AC;? Origami diagrams: origami men, crane, boat, fish, wind mill

Conclusion Vocabulary

Introduction This guidebook was made by thirty one youth leaders and youth educators form thirteen European countries, including countries of the Eastern Europe and the region of Caucasus. We met in Lefkas to participate in a Training Course â&#x20AC;&#x153;Learning about sustainable entrepreneurship via Origamiâ&#x20AC;? in which we had the opportunity to exchange views, experiences and good practices and develop skills and competences relative to the education for youth in the sustainable entrepreneurship. This course gave us a better understanding of part that we play in our communities and our countries as youth workers and educators of sustainable entrepreneurship and also in our professional lives.

The sustainable development is a form of economic growth which can answer to the needs of the present without jeopardizing the possibility of the future generations to be able to fulfill their own needs. The sustainable development is based on four dimensions: economical, social, cultural and environmental. Face to the current social, economic, environmental and cultural situation of Europe, integrating the concern for the sustainable development into a movement encouraging entrepreneurship turns out to be the only practicable form of development and the only way to avoid a heavy dissolution of the social cohesion/web and a severe deterioration of our economy, environment and standard of living. The relationship between economic growth, human well-being and the achievement of a sustainable future has a long and complex intellectual history. It started at the beginning of 20th century, and nowadays it becomes more and more important. However, the phenomenon of sustainable development and entrepreneurship needs more research and opens various discussions among scientists. Some way or other, we want to cooperate in the implementation of the sustainable entrepreneurship in our everyday habitus and that is why we believe the younger generations must be aware about this topic. The best way is through educational activities and the method chosen in this guide to educate about sustainable entrepreneurship is via Origami technique. More specifically, we want to acquaint the youth with an ancient technique which develops on them important skills like initiative, innovation, creativity, sustainable behavior and mind cast of and many others so important for the sustainable development. 4

INTRODUCTION

This book is a practical pedagogical tool about youth education in sustainable entrepreneurship. Its purpose is to help young people to put appealing pedagogical activities to practice, enabling thus the development of the entrepreneurial spirit among the young people in their communities. In this way, they will manage both to obtain positive effects and long-term influence in their attitudes and habits and to apply/assimilate/spread knowledge about becoming a responsible businessman throughout life.

In this book you will find three chapters that focus in each of the topics:

Sustainable development

In this chapter you will find information about the historical background of sustainable development, its definition and main dimensions.

Sustainable entrepreneurship

INTRODUCTION

The chapter is about definition of social/sustainable entrepreneurship, business models, and its importance for a sustainable future. Origami was used by our group as a creative and sustainable instrument of business models visualization. In this chapter, you will learn more about how the art of origami can be used as method for sustainable entrepreneurship education.

General Concepts about Sustainable Entrepreneurhip "Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs." The paradox of our time in history is that we spend more, but have less, we buy more, but enjoy less, and we have bigger houses and smaller families, more experts, yet more problems, more medicine, but less wellness. Therefore, sustainable development is a challenge for us and future generations. Sustainable development refers to a mode of human development in which resources are used to meet human needs while ensuring the sustainability of natural systems and the environment, so that these needs can be met not only in the present, but also for generations to come. The first use of the term “sustainable” in the modern sense was by the Club of Rome (March 1972). Describing the desirable “state of global equilibrium”, the authors used the word “sustainable”: They stated that they were searching for a model output representing a world system that is: 1. sustainable without sudden and uncontrolled collapse, 2. capable of satisfying the basic material requirements of its entire people.

(Source: Donovan Finn: Our Uncertain Future: Can Good Planning Create Sustainable Communities?; University of Illinois, 2009; p. 3)

Already in 400 BC Aristotle referred to a similar Greek concept in talking about household economics. This Greek household concept differed from modern ones in that the household had to be self-sustaining at least to a certain extent and could not just be consumption oriented. The term 'sustainable development' was also used by the Brundtland Commission, which coined what has become the most often-quoted definition of sustainable development: "development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs”. The concept of sustainable development is divided into four constituent parts: 6

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPEMENT

The definition of sustainable development

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPEMENT

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environmental sustainability,

•

economic sustainability,

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sociopolitical sustainability.

•

cultural sustainability

The concept of sustainable development was originally synonymous with that of sustainability and is often still used in that way. Both terms derive from the older forestry term "sustained yield", which, in its turn, it is a translation of the German term "nachhaltiger Ertrag" dating from 1713. “Sustainability” is a semantic modification, extension and transfer of the term “sustained yield”. William A. Duerr, a leading American expert on forestry said: “To fulfill our obligations to our descendent and to stabilize our communities, each generation should sustain its resources at a high level and hand them along undiminished. The sustained yield of timber is an aspect of man’s most fundamental need: to sustain life itself.” The Sustainable Development principles can be represented in the following illustration:

Why sustainability?

Sustainable Entrepreneurship “Definition, Characteristics and Motives of Sustainable Entrepreneurs” The Sustainable Entrepreneurship is a relatively new phenomenon in our life. According to the principles of sustainability mentioned in the previous chapter, we can say that sustainable entrepreneurship is the creation of new projects / activities based on the conjunction of the social, ecological and economical growing and environmental protection. In this sense, the sustainable entrepreneurs play the role of change agents in the social/environmental /cultural/economic sectors, by:

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Adopting a mission to create and promote values for sustainable lifestyle (not just private value or profit)

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Recognizing and pursuing new opportunities to serve that mission,

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Engaging in a process of continuous innovation, adaptation, and learning,

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Acting boldly without being limited by resources currently in hand, and

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Exhibiting heightened responsibility to the constituencies served and for the outcomes created.

So, we can say that sustainable business is the solution to make profit from people’s need without troubling planet’s sustainability. 8

SUSTAINABLE ENTREPRENEURSHIP

We need to have a sustainable development if we want to have future. Natural resources are limited and we cannot overexploit them until depletion. Moreover, human population presents an exponential growing which means that the consumption and extraction of these natural resources are expanding at the same time. That is why we need to be conscious and reshape our economical system in a sustainable way establishing companies respecting always the principles of sustainable development and focusing on what is called Sustainable Entrepreneurship.

SUSTAINABLE ENTREPRENEURSHIP

A sustainable entrepreneur is someone who is able to analyze the market, detects a need of the society and proposes a solution which is not only economically self-sustainable and profitable but also has environmental and social value. In other words:

“Sustainable entrepreneurship aims to solve social and environmental problems by applying business principles”.

Continuing with this idea, then, the sustainable entrepreneur has to take in consideration the same ‘starting’ process when beginning to develop his/her idea but always having in mind the respect for the sustainability of the environment, society (culture) and economy. And the first step is the creation of a business plan which will contain and explain how the business will be sustainable in every respect: economical, social (and cultural) and environmental.

BUSINESS PLAN In order to write a good business plan, the sustainable entrepreneur should analyze his/her working environment. The follower illustration summarizes the most important agents that influence to a social and/or sustainable entrepreneur. 10

CAPITAL INFRASTRUCTURE Financial Capital

Human Capital

Intellectual Capital

Social/Capital

• Philanthropic

• Undergraduate Colleges/ Universities • Business and Other Graduate schools • Youth Social Entrepreneurship Orgs • Search Firms, CareerResource Orgs • Retiree Engagement Organizations • Social Entrepreneurship “Attractors” • Social-Purpose Organizations • Volunteer/Board Matching Orgs

• Consultants • Academic Research Center • Training Providers • Think Tanks, Action Tanks • PeerzOrganizations • Stakeholder Strategy

• Associations • Network Conveners • Advocacy Groups • Political Consultants • Funders` Portofolios • Incubators • On-line Communities

BUSINESS PLAN

Funders: Corporations, Foundations, Individuals, Venture Philanthropy Funds, etc. • Financial Institutions • Equity Investors (for-profit) • Government Funders Federal, State, Local:

Advisors

• Evaluation Providers

SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURS AND THEIR ORGANIZATIONS • Identified, Unidentified and Potential Social Entrepreneurs • Nonprofit, For-Profit and Hybrid Organizations • Vary by field/industry, life stage, location, ambition, etc. Effectiveness and performance: numberand effectiveness of social entrepreneurs creating sustained and wide spread social impact

Policy and Politics

• Tax Policies and Regulation • Legislators and Politicians • Government Agencies: Federal, State, Local

• International Governing Bodies

Media

• Reporters, Journalists, Book Authors • Media Outlets • Recognition and Awards Programs • Media Association and Foundations

BENEFICIARIES SERVED

POSITIVE SOCIAL IMPACT

Direct and indirect outcomes for clients, communities and markets

Improvement on social needs and problems; Reduction of gap between real and ideal conditions

Economical and Social Conditions

Related Fields

• Economic Forces and Trends • Social and Cultural Forces

Education, Health, Environment, Development, etc. • Adjacent Fields of Knowledge and Practice: Corporate Social Responsibility, Nonprofit Management, Sustainability, etc.

and Trends

• Public Awareness, Knowledge and Opinion

CONTEXT-SETTING FACTORS

• Specific Domains:

It is in this point when the entrepreneur must evaluate and determinate his strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats about a sustainable project and business.

SWOT

By taking all these steps, the entrepreneur will be sure that his/her idea has a chance to succeed. He will, also, know how the project will contribute to the sustainability of society, environment, culture and economy.

VIA ORIGAMI FIGURINE

Learning about sustainable entrepreneurship via Origami (figurine) As it has been already said, it is very important for future society that the present young generation is conscious about the sustainable development and sustainable entrepreneurship. We believe that the best way to raise awareness about these topics is through different non-formal education methods. One of these methods can be the use of the Origami technique in educational activities that promote the sustainable entrepreneurship spirit.

1. Definition and historical development of Origami technique Origami (pronounced or-i-GA-me) is the Japanese art of paperfolding. “Ori” is the Japanese word for folding and “kami” is the Japanese word for paper. That is how origami got its name. However, origami did not start in Japan. It began in China in the first or second century AD and then spread to Japan sometime during the sixth century. The traditional concept of origami is folding paper to create objects using only one piece of paper with no cuts or glue. Origami art has unlimited possibilities and everyone can produce models that represent everything imaginable. In olden times, there was very little paper available so only the rich could afford to do paperfolding. The Japanese found useful purposes for their origami. For example, the Samurai (sa-MURE-ay) would exchange gifts with a form known as a noshi (NO-shee). As easier papermaking methods were developed, paper became less expensive. Origami became a popular art for everyone, no matter if they were rich or poor. However, the Japanese people have always been very careful not to waste anything. They have always saved even the tiniest scraps of paper and used them for folding origami models. For centuries there were no written directions for folding origami models. The directions were taught to each generation and then handed down to the next. This form of art became part of the cultural heritage of the Japanese people. In 1797, How to Fold 1000 Cranes was published. This book contained the first written set of origami instructions which explained how to fold a crane. Origami became a very popular form of art as shown by the well-known Japanese woodblock print that was made in 1819 entitled “A Magician Turns Sheets of Birds”. With the publication of both these books, the folding of origami became recreation in Japan. Not only were the Japanese folding paper, but the Moors, who were from Africa, brought paperfolding with them to Spain when they invaded that country in the eighth century. The Moors used paperfolding to create geometric figures because their religion prohibited them from creating animal forms. From Spain it spread to South America. As trade routes were developed, the art of origami was introduced into Europe and later into the United States. 13

Today, master paperfolders can be found in many places around the world. Akira Yoshizawa of Japan is one of these. He is considered the "father of modern origami" because of his creative paperfolding. He also developed a set of symbols and terms that are used worldwide in the written instructions of origami. The paper pop-up tokens that are placed on the set represent people, locations, artifacts, technology (cellphones, computers, laptops, TV, game consoles) things that move people (bicycles, streetcars, cars, buses), channels (Salesforce.com, SAP), third parties (suppliers), social media (Twitter, Facebook), and proprietary tools (databases). These are placed on a horizontal whiteboard, and a dry-erase marker is used to help illustrate relationships between the different tokens.

The business origami was created by the design group at Hitachi. It can represent the current system as well as new possibilities. Business origami enables teams to paper-prototype the interaction and value exchange among people, artifacts, and environments in a multichannel system. Business origami is a service design activity that models current and future multichannel systems. It provides a forum in which project stakeholders can come together in a workshop setting to build a physical representation of a system, and then prototype future or alternative versions of the same system. The method uses paper-cutout tokens to represent the actors, artifacts, environments, and technologies that comprise a system, and a horizontal whiteboard surface is transformed into a stage or set, where a series of interactions play out to tell a story. By bringing the system elements into the physical dimension, stakeholders can make explicit the value exchange between elements as they occur over time and within the context of a scenario. e.g. How App Store uses Origami Art in his work - Use Origami's business tools to learn what works and what doesn't work [http:// origami.co/business/]

VIA ORIGAMI FIGURINE

2. Business and entrepreneurship via Origami What?

More than 15 years have passed since the birth of e-commerce. Origami brings a newfound excitement.

Your store

VIA ORIGAMI FIGURINE

Traditional e-Commerce Search box and Categories

Customers

Product Feeds

New Purchase New Fans

Potential customers

Why? Business origami allows participants to create a tangible, shared representation of the system in question. Participants do not need technical abilities to contribute and the simple components of the model allow for rapid exploration and experimentation. Discussion of the model creates a shared understanding of the system and assumptions about that system.

1. Use the business origami components to show different elements of the system, and the whiteboard to show different areas, interactions and flows. 2. Have the group to create a model of the system of your business. [http://www.slideshare. net/jessmcmullin/business-origami-paper-prototyping-for-systems-and-service-design] 16

VIA ORIGAMI FIGURINE

How?

VIA ORIGAMI FIGURINE

3. Possibilities of using origami in everyday life

In line with the sustainable developments’ principles, we would like to make a connection between sustainable entrepreneurship idea and origami technique. This technique is more than just paper folding. 3.1. Social aspect: Children and Youth From the early fragile years the origami should be taught to children. The origami teaches them eye-hand coordination and helps them to develop a higher level of concentration, to be perseverant and creative! Ideas appear first as thoughts, and through the colored papers these ideas can be materialized. Work in group helps the socialization process, improves the personality and reveals the identity of the person. George Levenson writes in “The Educational Benefits of Origami”, that research has shown that the origami technique is not just fun, but also a valuable method for developing vital skills and a unique and valuable addition to the curriculum. He also says2, that the educational benefits are the behavioral skills (origami is an example of “schematic learning through repeatable actions”), cooperative learning (in a multi-age setting, paper-folding tends to eliminate the status associated with age differences; the younger children are often in a position to teach the older children, and it provides an activity that works well when teaming different grade levels), a link to math (Transforming a flat piece of paper into a three dimensional crane or other origami figure is a unique exercise in spatial reasoning), cognitive development (Through the actual folding, children use their hands to 17

follow a specific set of steps in sequence, producing a visible result that is at once clever and pleasing), multi-cultural awareness (rooted in the Orient, the children gain appreciation of a different culture, perhaps opening a doorway to further exploration and increased tolerance) and community building (in some places, origami, and crane-folding in particular, are frequently used to unite a school around a thematic activity). Origami teaches to be patient, precise, creative, diligent and to pay attention to details in older ages, too. All of the benefits are shown both with the young (16-30 year), and with older persons.

3.2. Economical aspect: Possibilities of the Origami Art in Businesses Through the social aspects presented above, the usefulness of this technique in the economical field could also be identified. The technique of making origami scenes could be very useful to recruitment companies. This could be an additional personalityidentifying method and it could be integrated into their services. All of the psychological aspects of a person could be expressed while creating an origami scene (especially in team-work). This method could be a completion of the psychological tests and could be used as a final level of filtering. This method could help to analyze traits of the candidates’ behavior like patience, cooperation, creativity, communicational-, problem solving- and decision making abilities. Ability for team-work, individual work and inventiveness could also be measured. Inside companies the origami technique could be used in order to bring together the employees by team-building. Doing specified origami scenes, the employees can learn how to cooperate with each-other and how to work together as a team. This should widen their views. There will not be “I” in the team, but “we”. Thus they could understand why teams are important, the benefits of teamwork and how to be an effective and successful team. Working in teams could enhance problem-solving abilities and creativity, 18

VIA ORIGAMI FIGURINE

George Levenson also identifies additional benefits of origami that are connected to and completes the behavioral skills. These are the most important hidden potentials of this technique. The educational value involves a positive learning experience, stimulation for children, suitability for people with a learning disability it develops hand eye co-ordination and is a form of communication without language. It has a therapeutic value, which means that promotes a feeling of achievement and well-being, positive social interaction, can be a bridging therapy, a team building exercise. It is flexible because is suitable for all ages and abilities, can be practiced anywhere, no tools are required, the come up results in minutes and is an opportunity for fun. The social value is well shown. It is a goal-setting experience, shares feelings and knowledge, promotes co-operation and well-being, breaks down barriers and can be developed as a hobby.

and help to learn responsibility. Origami could be a non-formal education means that should contribute to the companies’ efficiency and productivity, so that they could become sustainable.

VIA ORIGAMI FIGURINE

3.3. Ecological aspect: Origami makes us “Think Green” The most important thing along the social and economic aspect is how to remain sustainable by being ecologic. The answer is simple, still it is difficult to the every-day consuming people: they should learn not to use all of the raw materials and not to waste so much. People should learn how to reuse / recycle the raw materials. When people use origami, or make an origami scene, their behavior while working on it reflects how they are in real, every-day life. After finishing a scene they can look back and be easily confronted with the quantity of the waste (small or large) that they left/made. This could be a good way to help them realize how ecologically they think, and by this their eco-friendly view could be widened and improved. 1. http://www.everyday-wisdom.com/origami-teaches-children.html 2. The Educational Benefits of Origami, by George Levenson; http://home.earthlink.net/~robertcubie/origami/edu.html

4. Some examples of creating origami

Origami is an example of “learning with repeatable actions.” To succeed, you must observe and listen carefully to very specific instructions and then put them into practice with clarity and precision. It develops patience and ability to focus, leads to pride in work and reinforces self-confidence.To present your business and your idea, origami technique can be a good means to visualize how your project can work and to find new ideas for your own project. The origami is a new way to communicate. Origami is a good solution for illustrating an idea, a dream, a concept, a project...it helps you to see your project more precisely. Important figures in origami • origami man • origami clothes • origami accesories • origami building Some examples of using of Origami for business and entrepreneurship • business project with Origami: the use of origami is a creative and original way to promote your business Business card by origami 19

via ORIGAMI FIGURINE

origami man

ORIGAMI

MEN

mountain fold valley fold 21

ORIGAMI

MEN

ORIGAMI

MEN 9 10

11 12

ORIGAMI

MEN

ORIGAMI

MEN

ORIGAMI

MEN

ORIGAMI

MEN

Scenes of Sustainable Business using Origami tehnique The following scenes are examples of Sustainable businesses. They were created during one training course organized in Lefkas, Greece by the participants and they rerepresents ideas for sustainable businesses that can be implemented in Lefkas Island. The project “Babushka Skazala” is a workshop house in Lefkada which aims to attract local people (especially children) and touristsin order to give them the unique opportunity of making by them selves traditional things and at the same time to spread the Greek culture. The workshop house will include food processing workshop, carving and wood turning workshop and workshop of textile and weaving. Each workshop will be leaded by locals who will teach kids and adults how to make traditional things using old weaver’s loom, turner’s tools and another sustainable equipment. Guests will be able to make by their own traditional sweets, things of wood of olive oil trees, traditional carpets using old traditional tools which don’t damage the environment. The workshop house will be surrounded by a handmade souvenirs shop and a garden.

“Babushka Skazala”

O’green hotel

O’green hotel is a new type of hotel, where the entire product is grown around the hotel. Everything is bio. Also the guests can see the process how the products are grown. Even if they want they can take part in the process of collection. The menu is made so that mainly all main dishes contain lots of these bio products. We think it is a good attraction, because now most of people prefer eat bio products. Kitchen appliances are made of olive wood which is vulnerable to liquid, you can serve forever. Also cosmetics are made of olive. 28

“Pare ta vouna” is a project related to ecotourism. Its aim is to implement the cooperation between an environmental info center «Eco Adventure Center» with the local society in order to accomplish an economical, environmental and social development (sustainable development). More specific, visitors will be able to ask and get information of the outdoor activities (mountain biking, trekking, hiking, horse riding, climbing) in surrounding area. In addition, to this, they will be capable to attend workshops and seminars by giving a small amount of participation fee. They will learn and be aware of the environmental topics (i.e. what species of animals, plants, and herbs are in the area). Also, they will be able to make a reservation for accommodation in ecohostel through the ‘Eco-adventure’ center. They will have the option to rent or buy the appropriate equipment for their activities by the local shops as well. Last but not least, the “Eco-adventure” center will cooperate with local farmers, tour guides, trekking and hiking clubs in order to organize excursions.

“Pare ta vouna”

”Adventure Lefkada Pegasus Center”

Active tourism! ”Adventure Lefkada Pegasus Center” is one unforgettable trip in the magic Island of Lefkada. A kind of tourism that can like also in the low seasons and our activities will involve also students spreading the concept of a healthy way of life. For this holiday, you will be completely part of this Island, eating local “food” doing open-air sport activities like: diving, snorkeling, wind-surf, surf, canoeing, fishing, cycling, riding horses, climbing, rappelling, and hiking. And in summer, we will show you all the local manifestation and celebration. 29

“Local, Healthy and biological” shows four ideas about sustainable action in Lefkas. Scene 1: The main square of Lefkada: There is a lack of benches in the town. Refurbished and repainted benches would make the town more convenient for locals and tourists. Scene 2: Scientific laboratory to carry out research in specific fields such as biology, ecology, geography and chemical studies. The objective of the laboratory is to produce biomedicine, biological cosmetics and herbal remedies. Scene 3: To produce biological and organic products from chicken, sheep, cow and pigs in order to overcome the commercial way of buying products, develop the culture of bio-healthy lifestyle. Scene 4: A supermarket with local, organic, as well as fairly traded products to offer a possibility for sustainable consumption.

“Local, Healthy and biological”

“Lefkada Dolphin Research center”

Conservation education, inspire others. These are the key words of our project: “Lefkada Dolphin Research center”. Thanks to scientific activities about studying these amazing animals, we can preserve our environment and we will offer to our customers one amazing day of eco touristic experience in contact with the dolphins of the Ionian Sea. On our boat, you will learn the basic rules of the navigation, the biology of these animals and information about the sea, in order to live in a sustainable way for them, for our planet, for us. 30

“Honey” is a collective cooperative which based on using local products and cooperation with other local communities. In example, wine factory, local farmers and consists of bee garden, perfumery, spa center.

“Honey”

“Origanic Caffe”

“Origanic Caffe” proposes to offer to costumers special organic food and a traditional Sekler/Hungarian cookie in innovation place. Design of the Café and the outside is made by origami way, the furniture’s are made by recycling material. The product is provided from own organic farm. Café use just wind mills and natural gas energy. The costumers have a possibility to learn traditional Greek food receipt and make the food with the chef. In the cafes garden is a special Kurtoskalacs grill. They can taste traditional Hungarian sweets. Most staff of the Café are people with disability. The aim of the restaurant is to make organic food population/healthy food, other to save energy and to give the sustainable development. 31

Spa-Cultural Center “Sigá Sigá” is a complex promotes arts and science, healthy life style through yoga and sports. The Cultural center resident program offers a serene setting conducive to focused, goal-oriented work, and the unparalleled opportunity to establish new connections with other residents from a stimulating array of disciplines and geographies. The combination of uninterrupted, individual time during the day and evenings spent with innovative leaders, writers, and artists from a wide array of fields advances your current projects and stimulates creative approaches to future work. This community generates new knowledge to solve some of the most complex issues facing our world and creates art that inspires reflection, understanding, and imagination.

Spa-Cultural Center “Sigá Sigá”

“Tourism cluster”

We propose that hotels of Lefkada should form a “Tourism cluster”, so they could cooperate with each other in an innovative, sustainable way. It aims to encourage the hotels of Lefkada to work together. Together they could buy raw materials from local businesses and farmers, thus supporting the local economy of Lefkada. They could also procure primary materials much cheaper because they are forming a larger entity (the larger is the request, the lower is price). They could offer cheaper and additional, extra services for the tourists. We present only a few ideas of additional services which should be analyzed and extended based on the clients’ needs, supporting local agricultures and wineries. Our ideas for a sustainable local tourism industry are to: - Establish a cooperative organization, a cluster, where each of the entrepreneurs can only win - Unite the hotels of Lefkada and make them more competitive - Make “wine routes” and promote them among tourists (visiting local wineries and organizing local wine tasting events) - Support local bio farms by buying raw products from them; make excursions to local farms, tasting local food, experience rural lifestyle - Organize bird and animal watches with environmental protection experts and guides - Promote mind and body care services (massage, yoga, meditation, Thai chi, acupuncture, etc.) - Offer boat rental with professional guidance, having the possibility for visiting the region and sleeping on the boat. 32

Our sustainable business idea combines the experience of sleeping on a ship/boat in the harbor like pirates by making accesible the unused boats in the harbor as accommodation,the desire for adventurous holidays and sports (sky board, surfing, diving), the discovery of local products with new technology (geocaching treasures), the promotion of local gastronomy and touristic highlights of history and the need for know-how on survival in the nature and about eco-system. Are you already bored with the daily routine? Are you fed up with those old-fashioned All inclusive Clubs for vacation? Do you want to try real adventure and discover hidden treasures? Just come on board and join our pirate crew of the Mediterranean! Captain Jack Sparrow, your local buddy, wants to welcome you to his world! You will sleep on an awesome ship, you will have to survive some adrenaline kicks during our wide ranged activity program from treasure hunting with GPS in the mountains to sky boarding in the clouds and diving for your food in the beautiful Ionian Sea. Original pirate parties with Ouzo, Metaxa and live music are guaranteed! You will explore the island while searching for your geocachetreasuresand learn more about local flora and fauna in order to understand and survive in the wild nature like a real pirate (of course without stealing or killing anybody!) ;-) The perfect occasion for teambuilding in companies or the ideal alternative to student´s holidays or honeymoon if you want thrill and action!

“Pirate crew of the Mediterranean” 33

ANNEXE

crane boat fish wind mill

CRANE

CRANE 38

CRANE

BOAT 40

BOAT

FISH 42

FISH

FISH 44

WIND MILL 6 5 4

3 2 1

WIND MILL 7 8

9 10

Prototypage, modelisation

Aerodynamic test Design decoration Some examples of use of Origami for business and entrepreneurship business project with Origami: the use of origami is a creative and original way of promote your business

Business card by origami Advertising

Conclusion

CONCLUSION

Our world needs solutions to allow us to continue growing and developing as a society in economical sense but without destroying and depleting our natural resources. We need them and we need to protect them. It is true than it doesn’t exist any human interaction with nature which doesn’t make any impact. “Impact 0” is not possible in the relation between human and nature. But we need to try to minimize that impact to the lowest possible level. This message must arrive to the young and future generations. This solution is the sustainable entrepreneurship which promotes to development protecting at the same time our society, culture, environment and economy.

For us youth leaders and educators, it is our obligation to share with youth this responsible behavior. We have to raise awareness about the degradation of our standard of living. We think that education is a very important means to achieve this objective and we bet on non-formal education methods. For this guide, and as part of our training course, we chose the technique of Origami in order to teach the young generation about sustainable entrepreneurship principles in non-formal way. We tried to show how Origami can be used in the different stages of the sustainable entrepreneurship practice and learning. We hope this guidebook will be useful to other youth leaders and youth educators in their practice of non-formal education.

Vocabulary words

VOCABULARY

• Sustainable: capable of being maintained at a steady level without exhausting natural resources or causing severe ecological damage: e.g. sustainable development • Sustained: continuing for an extended period or without interruption • Entrepreneur: the owner or manager of a business enterprise who, by risk and initiative, attempts to make profits • Development: the act or process of growing, progressing, or developing • Business: an industrial, commercial, or professional operation; purchase and sale of goods and services • Origami: the art or processing and folding paper, originally Japanese • Resource: a source of economic wealth, esp. of a country (mineral, land, labor, etc) or business enterprise (capital, equipment, personnel, etc). A supply or source of aid or support; something resorted to in time of need • Customer: a person who buys. A person with whom one has dealings • Society: the totality of social relationships among organized groups of human beings or animals. A system of human organizations generating distinctive cultural patterns and institutions and usually providing protection, security, continuity, and a collective identity for its members • Profit: excess of revenues over outlays and expenses in a business enterprise over a given period of time, usually a year • Business plan: a detailed plan setting out the objectives of a business, the strategy and tactics planned to achieve them, and the expected profits, usually over a period of three to ten years • Strength: the state or quality of being physically or mentally strong • Weakness: the state or quality of being weak. A deficiency or failing, e.g. in a person's character • Opportunity: a favorable, appropriate, or advantageous combination of circumstances. A chance or prospect • Threat: An indication of imminent harm, danger, or pain. A person or thing that is regarded as dangerous or likely to inflict pain or misery • Project: a proposal, scheme, or design. A task requiring considerable or concerted effort such as one undertakes by students. The subject of such a task. • Conscious: aware of and giving value or emphasis to a particular fact or phenomenon. • Value: the desirability of a thing, often in respect of some property such as usefulness or exchangeability; worth, merit, or importance. The moral principles and beliefs or accepted standards of a person or social group. • Solution: the act or process of solving a problem • Equilibrium: a state of balance • Consumption: the purchase of goods and services by the public • Yield: an amount of goods produced by an agricultural or industrial productive unit • Descendant: a person, plant, or animal that is descended from a particular ancestor • Undiminished: not diminished, reduced, or lessened

Sources and interesting links: Sustainable development: Video about sustainability shown in animated version in which the whole process of sustainable development is described. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B5NiTN0chj0

SOURCES

Video about “Social Dimensions of Green Economy and Sustainable Development” explaining what the role of Green Economy within the current “triple crisis” is, what is sustainable development, what green economy looks like, how the whole economic system can be transformed by humans. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O5lBwrJcUOk Sustainable entrepreneurship Achleitner, A.-K. (2007): "Social Entrepreneurship Und Venture Philanthropie - Erste Ansätze in Deutschland," in Management Am Puls Der Zeit, ed. by I. Hausladen, and C. Mauch. München: I. Hausladen, 57-70. Austin, J., H. Steverson, and J. Wei-Skillern (2006): "Social and Commercial Entrepreneurship: Same, Different or Both?," Entrepreneurship Theorie and Practice. Bornstein, D. (2004): How to Change the World - Social Entrepreneurs and the Power of New Ideas. Oxford: Oxford University Press. CASE (2008): "Developing the Field of Social Entrepreneurship," Center for the Advancement of Social Entrepreneurship, Duke University, Fuqua School of Business. Elkington, J., and P. Hartigan (2008): The Power of the Unreasonable People: How Social Entrepreneurs Create Markets That Change the World. Boston, Massachusetts: Harvard Business Press. Meyer, M. (2008): ΛΕΙΠΕΙ ΤΙΤΛΟΣ in: Der Standard: “Die Ökonomische Kraft Sozialer Ideen,” Wien, 31.

Origami technique

www.citizenexperience.com. http://origami.co/business/ http://www.citizenexperience.com/2010/04/30/business-origami/ http://www.citizenexperience.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/Business-Origami-Shapes1.pdf http://www2.gov.bc.ca/gov/topic.page?id=18E5E9288C2A4E3C8146E95C70350C37 http://www.ehow.com/how_8543188_own-origami-business.html

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This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the author, and the Commission cannot be held responsible forany use which may be made of the information contained therein.

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Lefkas, Greece 2013

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